None
Index. 1 Baseland, Switzerland, criminal emigration from, ii, 565, 566. Basques: In Cuba, i, 231; in France, i, 239; in Spain, i, 279, 280; Celtic admixl i, 260. Bavarian immigration to Canada, ii, 611. Bay City, Mich.: Foreign-bom in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152; pul school pupils, ii, 10. 11, 17-23, 33-35, 75. Bayles, writer, quotea, i^ 508. Bayonne, N. J.: Population and immigration, i, 528; foreign-bom in male populat i, 151; citizenship, i, 152; inmiigrant banks, ii, 413. Beddoe, opinion of, on English race or people, i, 235. Beet-sugar industry: Employees studied, i, 627-629; Chinese in, 1, 658; Gen Russians, i, 653; Japanese, i, 658, 667, 687, 688; Mexicans, i, 687, 688; seas labor, i, 596, 667, 693; piece waj^ the mle, i. 597; living expiensee of laborei 599; housing conditions, i, 599; displacement ot labor, i, 594, 658. Belgian: Definition, i. 219, 233; number of households and persons studied, i, 601; employees studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-636; length of residence, i, 349- residence in a^cultural locality, i, 604; in agricultural pursuits, i, 594, 596; w and earnings, i, 366-403; charity seekers, ii, 96-101; in scnools, ii, 64-6^; Uterac 438-447; citizenship, i, 484-489; location of wife, i, 459, 460; number in Lawre Mass., i, 515; in Canada, ii, 611, 626: immigrants to Argentina, ii, 640, 641; to Br ii, 645, 646. (See also Dutch and Flemish.) Belgian law of 1843, referred to, i, 193. Belnum: Provinces of, ii, 694; races of, ii, 685, 700, 713, 721, 726; population, i, Flemish in, i, 233; French in, i, 240; langua^ of, i, 233; illiteracy in, i, 177 emi^tion problem, i, 168; inspection of emigrants, i, 195; steerage laws, refe to, li, 600; deserting seamen from, ii, 360; immigrants from, 182(^1910, i, 65 1882 and 1907, i, 167, 233; French immigrants from, i, 240; natives of, in Un States, i, 134, 135, 137, 623; children of immigrants from, employed, i, 3^ 336-347, 627-636; age classification, i, 463-467; earnings, i, 366-403; literacy 438-447; Canada induces immigration from, ii, 607, 608. Bellevue and Allied Hospitals, New York City: Report on immigrants in, ii, 257- insane in, ii, 238, 247. (See also Charity seekers.) Benefits in addition to wages: On Hawaiian sugar plantations, i, 715, 716, 720; we] work inaugurated by religious and civic organizations, commended, 1, 42. Bennet, William S., member of Immigration Commission, i, 11, 165; minority repor i, 49; minority report of Committee on Immigration and Natiiralization, 1906 576; introduced bill in House of Representatives providing for Government su vision over ship carrying steerage passengers, ii, 602. Benton College of Law, St. Louis, Mo., ii, 7. Berea, Ohio, Polish colony at, i, 685. Bermudian immigration to Csuiada, ii, 612. Berry-picking: Seasonal labor, i, 595; piece wages the rule^ i, 597; living expense 599; nours of labor, i, 598; housing conditions, i, 598; displacement of laoor, ] Jersey, i, 594; Japanese in the West, i, 667. Bibles, sale of, at immigrant stations, ii, 315. Bituminous coal mining: Summary of data secured, i, 300, 301: households employees studied, i, 294, 323-326, 332, 333, 506, 507; races employed in Pent vania, i, 503; in Middle West and Southwest, i, 504; unskilled labor, i, 495; di bution of occupations, i, 502; racial displacements, i, 38, 503-507; labor union 532-^7; daily earnings, i, 396, 397, 399-402; wages less in Pennsylvania than < where, i, 38, 534; expansion of industry, i, 503-^; output of Pennsylvania, i, of Middle West and Southwest, i, 504. Black Russian, definition, i, 265. (See also Russian.) Blacksmiths, male breadwinners reported as, i, 821-829. Bloomington, 111., immigrants as charity seekers in, ii, 93-115. Blumenbach: Named wnite race Caucasian, i, 223; classification of races, i, 211,257. Boards of immigration. State, efforts to promote immigration, ii, 383. Boards of special inquiry: Proposed by joint committee, 1892, ii, 572; provided 1893, ii, 573; law regardinij, ii, 740, 756, 763; representatives of aid societies be! ii, 317; conclusions regarding, i, 32, 33; recommendations, 1, 46. Board and lodging: Furnished gratis to newly arrived immigrants in Argentina 642. 643; cost of board of ranch hands in Calif omia, i, 670, Boaraers and lodgers : Among immigrants in industries, i, 422-426 ; specified indust i^ 297-312; native and foreign bora comparod, i, 423, 424, 426; oWand new imm: tion compared^ i, 424, 426; among immigrants in cities, i, 728, 729. 748-751, 767; contributions to family income, i, 414, 415, 766, 767; on Hebrew farm Eastem States, i, 578. 82401'— VOL 2—11 64 Index. Boot and shoe manufacturing: Summary of data secured, i, 306, 307; househc employees studied, i. 294, 323-333; earnings, i^ 384-386, 388-395; racial d ments, i, 517-519; Cninese in San Francisco, i, 655, 659; male breadwini gaeed in, i, 821-829. BootolackSj Greek padrone system among, ii, 393-405. Bosco, Italian statistician, on crime in Italy, i, 251. Bosnia and Ilerzegovina: Mohammedans in, i, 282; Serbo-Croatians in, i, 23( Bosnian: Definition, i, 221; number of immigrants admitted, i, 97, 214^ 2 proportion of males, i, 98; population in Europe, i, 214; employees studied 333, 336-347, 627-636; age classification of charity patients, ii, 287; resid United States of charity patients, ii, 263, 281; occupation abroad, i, 100-102 of residence, i, 349-356, 636, 637; wages and earnings, i, 366-403; in char pitals, ii, 25&-261; in schools, ii, 10-16; literacy, i, 99, 438-447; citizenship 489; in labor unions, i, 417. Boston, Mass.: Study of immigrants in, i, 723-772; households and persons i i, 732-734. 736; size of apartments, i, 741, 742; persons per room, i, 729, 7 746; boarders and lodgers, i, 748, 749; home ownership, i, 756: rent paid 758; gainful occupation in the home, i, 751; public school pupils, ii, 10, 11 71, 72, 74; teachers, ii, 49-63 j parocnial school pupils, ii, 64-72, 75; immi^ charity seekers, ii, 93-115; alien seamen in port of, ii, 359, 362; stowaways, immigrant bsmks, ii, 413; chief labor market for Maine forests, ii, 447; forei in nude population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152. Boston College, Boston, Mass., ii, 7. «6oeton University, Boston, Mass., ii, 7. Bottles. See Glass manufacturing. Bouzos Brothers, promoters of Greek shoe-shining parlors, ii, 398. Box makers, paper, female breadwinners reported as, i, 830-838. Brachelli, opinion of, as to number of Celts in Europe, i, 249. Brava: Definition, i, 260: number of households ana persons studied, i, 316-^ at time of coming, effect on English-speaking and literacy, i, 446, 447, ^ occupation abroad, i, 357-363; residence m United States, effect on English-s and literacy, i, 445, 446, 477-481; occupation, i, 363-366; wages and eamingt 411; fsunily income, i, 412-417; literacy, i, 444 447; English-speaking, i, ' citizenship, i, 484-489; in labor unions, i, 417; home ownership, i, 467-4 paid, i, 419-422; size of apartments and of households, i, 426-430; persons p 1, 430-438; boarders and lodgers, i, 422-426; not permanent, i, 600. Brazil: Immigration situation in, ii, 645-647; area, ii, 645; population, ii, 6' mans in, i, 243; Italians in, i^ 252; negroes and mulattoes in, i, 257; imm from, to Canada, ii, 611; immigration to, 1820-1907, ii, 645, 646; solicited in i, 192; Portuguese immigrants to, i, 260; immigration law, ii, 646, 647. Breadwinners: Occupations of males, i, 778-803, 821-829; of females, i, 803-8 838; of foreign parentage, i, 778, 803. (JSee also Wage-earners.) Breitenfeld, S., on treatment of infants, ii, 546, 547. Bremen, Germany: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; rejections at, i, 199; nu immigrants from, and number debarred for medical causes, i, 202. Breton: Celtic tongue spoken in France, i, 225, 240, 283; number of Bretons in i, 240. Bridgeport, Conn.: Foreign-bom in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 15 Brinton, classification of races, i, 211, 212, 223, 224, 239, 256, 258. British: Definition, i, 235; emigration, 1883-1903, i, 236; steerage law of 1 f erred to, i, 193; children in schools in Hawaii, i, 714; immigrants to Aust 632, 633; to New Zealand, ii, 637. (See also separate races.) British Board of Trade, regulations regarding carnage of steerage passengers, 600. British Columbia: Attempts to exclude orientals, ii, 628, 629; immigration Indians to, i, 676; East Indians from, entering United States, i, 676; Japanc i, 660. British Isles, number of Gypsies in, i, 245. {See also separate comitries.) British North America: Number of immigrants from, 1820-1910, i, 65-96; immigrants from, i, 240; natives of, in L^ited States, i, 134, 136, 137; imi destined to, from British ports, 1846 and 1847, ii, 591, 592. {See also separate co Briton, definition of term, i, 235. Brooklyn, N. Y., immigrants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115. Brookl3ai College of Pharmacy, Brooklvn, N. Y., ii, 7. Brooklyn Law Collie, Brooklyn, N, Y., ii, 7. Brown University, Providence, R. I., ii, 7. Browne, Geo. Waldo, author, referred to, ii, 592. Bryan, Tex., Italian agricultural colony, i, 567, 568, 572. Index. Canada, English: Natives of, in United States, i, 134, 136, 137; in cities of Ur States, i, 145; males of votii^ age, i, 155, 156; children of immigrants from, emplo i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-^; age classification, i, 463-467f earnings, i, 360- literacy, i, 438-447; conjugal condition, i, 447-460. 3anada, French: Natives of, in United States, i, 134, 136, 137; in cities of Ur States, i, 145; males of voting age, i, 155, 156; children of immigrants h-om, emplo i, 320-333, 330-347, 627-636; age classification, i, 463-467; earnings, i, 366- literacy, i, 43S-447; conju^l condition, i, 447-460. }BDadian: Number of immigrants admitted, ii, 619; population in Canada, ii, number in United States, li, 618; insane in hospitals, ii, 244, 249; crime, ii, 182. 198-204, 211-220. Canadian, English: Number of breadwinners, i, 778, 803, 822, 831: occupation, i, 831; in agricultural pursuits, i, 799, 800, 822, 831; in boot and shoe manufactui i, 822; in building trades, i. 789, 790, 822; in clerical pursuits, i, 791, 792, 814, 822, 831; in collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing, i, 831; in cotton mills, i, 822, in domestic and personal service, i, 804-806, 822, 831; iron and steel workei 784, 785, 822; laborers, i, 780, 781, 822; in laundries, i, 831; in manufacturing mechanical pursuits, i, 822, 831; miners and quarrymen, i, 782, 783, 822; in ne trades, i, 808, 809, 831; in paper and pulp mills, i, 831; peddlers, i, 822, 83: professional service, i, 797, 798, 822, 831; salesmen, agents, etc., i, 793, 794, 816, 822, 831; in silk mills, i, 831; steam railroad employees, i, 822; teachers, i, 819, 831; in textile mills, i, 786, 787, 811, 812, 822, 831; in tobacco and cigar makir 822, 831; in trade and transportation, i, 822, 831; in woolen mills, i, 831. /anadian, French: Definition, i, 239, 240; number of immi£;rants admitted, i, to New England cotton mills, i, 511, 512; immigrants from Honolulu, i, 712; por tion in Canada, i, 240; number in United States, i, 239, 240; number of houseli and persons studied, i, 316-^20; employees studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627- age classification, i, 463-467 ; ii, 136, 286-290; age at time of coming, effect on Eng speaking and literacy, i, 446, 447, 481-484; occupation in Canada, i, 357-363; le of residence, i, 349-^356, 636, 637; ii, 84, 85; residence in United States, effec English-speaking, literacy, etc., i, 445, 446, 461-463. 477-481; ii, 147-151, 263- 280-285; number of breaclwinners, i, 778, 803, 822, 831; occupation, i, 363-366, 831; in agricultural pursuits, i, 799, 800, 822, 831; in boot and shoe manufactui i. 822; in building trades, i, 789, 790, 822; in clerical pursuits, i, 791, 792, 814, 822, 831; in collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing, i, 831 ; in cotton, mills, i, 822, in domestic and personal service, i, 804-806, 822, 831; iron and steel workers, i, 785, 822; laborers, i, 780, 781, 822; in laundries, i, 831; in manufacturing and mecl cal pursuits, i, 822, 831; miners and auarrymen, i, 782, 783, 822; in needle tradt 808, 809, 831; in paper and pulp milts, i, 831; peddlers, i, 822, 831; in professi service, i, 797, 798, 822, 831; salesmen, agents, etc., if 793, 794, 816, 817, 822, 83: silk mills, i, 831; steam railroad employees, i, 822; teachers, i, 819, 820, 831 ; in te; mills, i, 78(S, 787, 811, 812, 822, 831; in tobacco and cigar making, i, 822, 83 trade and transportation, i, 822, 831; in woolen mills, i, 831; wages and earning 360-403, 405-411; family income, i, 412-417; charity seekers, ii, 95-153; in chi hospitals, ii, 258-261, 270-272; insanity and mental defects, ii, 270; crime, ii, 211- ?irostitution, ii, 322; status of children, i, 470-474; ii, 143-147; in schools, ii, IC 8-31, 33-42, 49-55, 64-72, 70-80; literacy, i, 438-447; English-speaking, i, 474- ii, 151, 152; citizenship, i. :janadian, other than French: Inunigrauts from Honolulu, i, 712; number of he holds and persons studied, i, 316-320, 601, 641; employees studied, i, 320-333, 336- 627-636: age classification, i, 463-467^ ii, 136, 286-290; age at time of coming, e on literacy, i, 446, 447; occupation m Canada, i, 357-363; length of residen(; 349-356, 636, 637; ii, 84, 85; residence in United States, effect on literaov, et< 445, 446, 461-463; ii, 147-151, 263-266, 280-285; occupation, i, 365, 366; wages earnings, i, 366-403, 407-411, 764-706; charity seekers, li. 95-153; in charit v ho8pi ii, 258-261, 270-272; insanity and mental defects, ii, 270; crime, ii, 211-220^ st of children, ii, 143-147; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-31, 33-42, 49-01, 04-71, 76 literacy, i, 438-447; citizenship, i, 484-489; ii, 152, 153; in labor unions, i, 417, conjugal condition, i, 447-460; ii, 137-142; fecundity, ii, 457-500; Iwution of a i, 459, 460; home ownership, i, 467^70; rent paid, i, 419-422; persons per root 430-438, boarders and lodgers, i, 422-426; visits to Canada, i, 461^63. 3anal Zone, law regarding inspection of aliens from, ii, 741. jKDBry Islands. See Spain, number of inmiigrants from. Index. 8' licago, 111.: Study of immigrants in, i, 723-772; households and persons studied 732-734, 736; size of apartments, i, 741, 742; persons per room, i, 729, 743, 745, 7- boarders and lodgers, i, 728, 748, 749; home ownership, i, 756; rent paid, i, 757, 7i gainful occupation in the home, i, 751; public school pupils, ii, 10^ 11, 17-23) 33-; /4; teachera, ii, 49-63; immigrants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115; immigrant ban ii, 413, 415; foreign departments in banks, ii, 418; market for Greek bootblacks, 100,401; immigration to clothing industry, i, 516; police arrests, ii, 198-204; foreij bom in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152. lild labor: On the farm, i, 594, 595, 597, 802, 803^ in iron and steel, i, 785; chea] than Japanese, in San Francisco, i, 663; in textile industry, displaced by males recent immigration, i, 540; Russians in Hawaii, i, 707. (See dUo Children, statUE md contributions of . ) lildlessness among negro women, ii, 486. ildren: Number l)ome by immigrant women, ii, 455-^500; rate of development, 536-541; treatment of infants, various races, ii, 545-547; proportion of, amo bnmigrants in cities, i, 739; among departing aliens, i, 115; immigrants under years of age unaccompanied by parent ma^ be excluded, i, 30; ii, 4(]^, 406, 620, 6! 732, 749; naturalization, ii, 828; crime, li, 163, 169, 170; in charity hospitals, 269, 286-289; in school, children of immigrants, abstract of report on, ii, 1-^ status of, i, 470-474, 614, 615, 707, 763; ii, 143-147; contributions of, various inv ligations, i, 297-312, 414, 415, 763, 766, 767; of American and older immigrants! entering same industries as fathers', i, 50i2; immigration of British, to Cana< ii, 615. lina: Population and emigration, i, 226; treaties with United Statti^ii, 578-51 immigrants from, 1820-1910, i, 65-96; natives of, in United States, 1^-1^, 136, i: 155, 156, 623; children of immigrants from, employed, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-6: literacy, i, 438-447; immigrant remittances to, ii, 427. linese: Definition, i, 226; history of immigration, i, 655-660; ii, 578; number immigrants admitted, i, 97, 215, 625, 654; proportion of males, i, 98; destination, 106-109, 624; previous residence in the United States, i, 104; money on landii i, 103; population in China, i, 226; number in United States, i, 624, 654, 657, 6J distribution by States, i, 658; occupation abroad, i, 100, 101; length of resident i, 116; ii, 84, 85, 263-266, 280-285; occupation in United States, i, 117, 118, 6i B62, 668, 669; in a^cultural pursuits, i, 670, 672; in canneries, i, 658j in domes eind personal service, i, 655, 673; wages and earnings, i, 670; in chanty hospita ii, 258-261, 270-272, 286-290; insanity and mental defects, ii, 237, 270; cnme, ii, 1$ 204, 21 1-220; prostitution, ii, 337, 338, 346; in schools, ii, 10-16, 64-66, 76-80; literac i, 99; English-speaking, i, 675; naturalization prohibited, ii, 788, 829; labor organi: tion, i, 668; return movement, i, 112-118; exclusion, i, 23, 41, 657, 658; ii, 678, 5J evasion of law, ii, 358; k^slation, ii, 578-584, 781-815; law of 1875 enacted rontrol immigration-, i, 110; seamen, ii, 357, 358, 367; in Pacific Coast and Roc Mountain States, i, 654-660, 676; ii, 581; in Hawaii, i, 699-717; ii, 583; number Cuba, i, 231; migration among insular possessions prohibited, ii, 584; conclusic ind recommendations, i. 41, 47; in Canada, ii, 611, 623, 626, 628; in Australia, 533-635; practically excluded from New Zealand, ii, 638. lisholm, estimate of, as to population of Holland, i, 232. lolcra: Among steerage passengers, 1847, ii, 592; in Europe, provision of quaranti act, ii, 572. iristiania, Norway: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; number of immigrants fro uid number debarred for medic-al causes, i, 202. 2;ar and tobacco manu^turing. See Tobacco and cigar making. Qcinnati, Ohio: Public school pupils, ii, 10, 11, 17-23, 74; teachers, ii, 49-63; imi s^rants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115. iicinnati College of Dental Suigery, Cincinnati, Ohio, ii, 7. ties: Immigrants in, abstract of report on, i, 723-772; conclusions, i, 36, 37; schedi forms used, ii, 653-662, 668-673; concentration of foreign-bom in, i, 139-145; 1< illiteracy than in country districts, i, 157-159; number of married women in, Rho Island, li, 457; effect of life in, on fecundity of women, ii, 460, 462, 463, 472-4' 181-487, 490-500; on Hebrew and Italian children, ii, 533; differences of urban a rural T>opulation, Europe, ii, 550. tizensnip: Of immigrants, various investigations, i, 148, 150, 152-154, 156, 298-3! 184-489, 606, 649, 730, 771, 772; ii. 152, 153; old and new immigration compare i, 485-487; East Indians, i, 681; Hebrews in agriculture, 1, 580. 581; Itali«iiB igriculture, i, 565, 571 . 574; few Mexicans become citizens, i, 690: aeniea to'^ 11, 579, 788; of fathers of school children, effect on retardation, ii, 40, 41; i imong males of voting age, i, 159; in Hawaii, United States act r^;udiiif laturalization laws and regulations, ii, 817-635; of immigrantB, AigentilMI r k Inclex. Company house system: ££fect on home ownership, i, 467, 469; in seaso: tural labor, i, 598; tolerated bv recent immigrants, i, 540. f Company store system, toleratea by recent immigrants, i, 540. Concentration of the foreigp-bom in cities, i^ 139-145. Conclusions: Of Immigration Conmiission, i, 23-44, 192, 691-694; ii, 367' other Congressional committees, ii, 570-572. (See also Investigations.) Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Mo., ii, 8. Conditions in Europe: Results of economic investi^tion of^ i, 185-187: regards bootblacks, ii, 402-404. (See also Emigration conditions abroaa Congestion: Definition of term as here used, i, 741; amon^ immigrants 741-747; persons per room, in cities, i, 729; conclusions, i, 36, 37. (Set iBf conditions, Persons per room, etc.) Conjugal condition: Of immigrants, various investigations, i, 298-313. 4^ 649; ii, 137-142; native and foreign bom compared, i^ 458, 459; old ana ne tion compared, i^ 459, 460; fecundity of women, ii, 451-500; single m unaccompanied oy families, conclusions and recommendations regar< 42, 47, 48. Connecticut: Foreign-bom in, i, 126, 128, 149, 151, 155; citizenship, i immijprants destined to, i, 10&-109; employees in manufactures, mines ries, 1, 492; Hebrew fanners, i, 576; Italian communities, i, 560; insan immigrant banks, ii, 414, 438; regulation of banking, ii, 435, 438; bank coi referred to, ii, 438. Connellsville coke region, labor unions in, i, 533. Constantinople, population of, i, 282. Constmction work: Employees studied, i, 294, 323-326, 332, 333, 62G; earn 397, 399-402, 646; Japanese in, i, 664. Consular inspection abroad: Recommended in 1891, ii, 571; in 1907, ii, 5' inspection at foreign ports, i^ 193, 195, 197, 198, 200. 203, 204. Consular promotion of emigration proposed bv Fortiotn Congress, ii, 566. Contract labor: Defined by United States Attomey-Creneral, ii, 379, 38 1864, i, 25; ii, 565; law rented 1868, i, 25: first opposition to, ii, 566; e law, i, 29; ii, 620, 621; aliens debanred as, i, 111; li^ 378, 624, 677; depc 379; methods of securing, ii, 381-386; East Indians, i, 677; Greek bootbla Japanese, to Mexico, i, 661; few actiial contracts, i, 188, 189; conclusion i, 29; in Hawaii, i, 69^^701; Australian law, ii, ^, 634; Canadian polic Contract labo^ and induced and assisted immi^tion, report on, ii, 371-3^ Contract-labor law: Early legislation, i, 110; ii, 375, 376, 569-572; pros* 376^ 377, 732-734, 739; violated by immigrant homes and aid societies, i lams Brothers convicted of violating, ii, 406; convictions under Maine 1; 449; effect on peonage, ii, 446, 448, 449. Control stations on German frontiers: Maintained by steamship compani of German Government, i, 195, 196; intending emigrants rejected at, means, i, 200. Convicts, excluded by law of 1882, ii, 569. Coolie trade, prohibited by law, ii, 578, 579. Cooper Medical College, San Francisco, Cal., ii, 8. Cooperation: Among Italian market gardeners, i, 652; little among Hawaii i, 720; Hawaiian Government marketing department, i, 720. Copenhagen, Denmark: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; number of iniinij and number debarred for medical causes, i, 202. Copper mining and smelting: Households and employees studie<l, i, 21 ^2, 333; earnings, i, 384-386, 390-392, 394; Mexicans and Italians in ^rest, i, 686. See Korean. rinthian. See Slovenian. Tnell University, Ithaca, N. Y., ii, 8. ^t)miloe, L. A., Minister of Greece, ii, 408. rrespondence: Letters home responsible for most of southern and eantcr mmigration, i, 187. rsica, number of Italians in, i, 252. (See also France, number of immig it of Canada's immi^tion propaganda, ii, 610. )t of importing immigrants to Hawaii, i, 703. it of living in Europe, investigation of, i, 186, 187. )(as, John B., Greek labor agent, ii, 382. Index. 853 9; of IndianB and Japanese, by Mexicans, i, 683; of Japanese, by southern and stem Europeans, i, 667; leasing of land to immigrants, one cause of, in the West 672; laborers in Hawaii, i, 712, 716, 721. fibution of immigrants: Arriving 1850-1900, abstract of report on, i, 119-160 ' country of birth, i, 134, 136; by period of immigration, i, 124, 125; by geoj^raphic vision, 1, 130, 131; by class of place of residence, i, 139; in western division 623; Hebrews in agriculture, i, 576; Japanese^ i, 662-664; Mexicans, i, 682 nclusions, i, 40; reconmiendations, i, 46; division of information for, Bureai Immigration and Naturalization, i, 40, 46; ii, 575, 743; in Argentina, ii, 642 3; juveniles in Canada, ii, 615, 627. rict of Columbia: Foreign-bom in, i, 126, 128, 149, 155; citizenship, i, 150* immi euits destined to, i, 10&-109; insane in, ii, 232. (See also Washington, D. (/.) srsifi^ industries, households and employees studied, i, 294. Aon of Information, Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization, i, 9, 40, 46 575, 743. son, Martha £., author of report on immigrant homes and aid societies, i, 3; ab ract of report, ii, 305-322. lestic and personal service: ^fale breadwinners engaged in, i, 821-829; female eEuiwinnere, i, 804-806, 830-838; immigrants in, MasHtchusetts, i, 810; Chines* , San Francisco, i, 655, 659; Japanese in, the West, i, 672, 673; immigrants in cities 761, 762; contract-labor law not applicable to, ii, 621; immigrants engaged in nroad, i, 360, 362. 363; domestic servants assisted to immigrate to Australia, ii ;1; Canada pays bonus on immigrants engaging in, ii, 608, 613; number immi ating to Canada, ii, 613; exempt from Canadian money requirement, ii, 623. /men, hackmen, teamsters, etc., male breadwinners reported as, i, 821-829. fsmakers, female breadwinners reported as, i, 8:^0-838. liobors: Religious sect of Russia, i, 264; immigration to Canada, ii, 612. uth, Minn.: Foreign-bom in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 153; publi hool pupils, ii, 10, 11, 17-23, 71, 72, 74; teachers, ii, 49-63; parochial school pupils , 64-72. 75. and, E. Dana, Director of Census, quoted, i^ 18. ch: Definition, i, 231-233; number of emigrants admitted, i, 97, 214, 215, 62£ Dpulation in Europe, i, 214; number of households and persons studied, i, 316-32C 11; emj^oyees studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-636; age clasHification, i, 463-467 y 136, 286-290; ago at time of coming, effect on English-speaking and litenu*y, i 16, 447, 481-484; occupation abroad, i, 100, 101, 357-363; length of residence, i 19-356, 636, 637; ii, 84, 85; residence in United States, effect on English-speakin}] teracy, otc., i, 445, 446, 461-463, 477-481; ii, 147-151, 263-266, 280-285; occupatior 363-366; wages and earnings, i, 366-403, 405-411; family income, i, 412-41 laiity seekers, ii, 95-153; in charity hospitals, ii, 258-261, 270-272; insanity an lental defects, ii. 228, 237, 270; prostitution, ii, 332; status of children, i, 47(M7 I wife^ i, 459, 460; home ownership, i, 467-470; size of apartments and of hous< olds, 1, 426-430; persons per room, i, 430-438; boarders and lodgers, i, 422-42f iflits abroad, ij 461-463; in Canada, ii, 611, 625. tch and Flemish: Number of immigrants iidmited, i, 171, 214, 215, 232; destinatioi 106-109; previous residence in United States, i, 104; money on landing, i, 10! opulation in Europe, i, 232, 233; occupation abroad, i, 172, 173; length of residenci 116; occupation, i, 117, 118; prostitution, ii, 332; literacy, i, 175; return move lent, i, 112-118, 180, 182. £. ;an, Mary Helen, author of reports on the immigration situation in Australia an 1 New Zealand, i, 4; abstracts of reports, ii, 631-635, 637, 638. nings. See W^ages and earnings. t Indian, definition of term, i, 233, 234. (See alto Hindu.) t Indies: Population, i, 233; Dutch in, i, 232. »nomic conditions in Europe, i, 185, 187. inomic status: Of immigrants in cities, i, 760-767; in Hawaii, i, 714-717, m College, St. Louis, ^lo., ii, 8. ication. See Literac^r, Schools, and Higher educational institutions. icational test. See Literacy test. irards. Glen, author of report on steerage legislation, i, 4; report, ii, I Index. 446, 461-463, ii, 147-151, 263-266, 280-285; occupation, i, 117, 118, 363-366, 7i also English and Welah); wages and earnings, i, 366-403, 405-411, 764-766; fi income, i, 412-417; charity seekers, ii, 95-153; in charity hospitals, ii, 258 270-276; insanity and mental defects, ii, 228, 237, 238, 270; crime, ii, 179, 181 189-193, 198-204, 211-220; prostitution, ii, 332; status of children, i, 470-47 143-147; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-31, 33-42, 49-61. 64-72, 76-82; literacy, i, 99 438-447; citizenship, i, 484-489, ii, 152, 153; in labor unions^ i, 417-419 j cor condition, i, 447-460, ii, 137-142; fecundity, ii, 457-500; location of wife, i, 458 home ownership, i, 467-470; rent paid, i, 419-422; size of apartments and of li holds, i, 426-430; persons per room, i, 430-438; boarders and lodgers, i, 425 return movement, i, 112-118, 180, 182; visits abroad, i, 461-463; number in Lawi Majss. , i, 513 ; in Whiting, Ind. , i, 528 ; in Canada, ii, 612, 625 ; immigrants to Aigei ii, 640, 641; to Brazil, u. 645, 646. English and Welsh: Numoer of breadwinners, i, 778^ 803, 823, 832; occupation, i 9S2\ in agricultural pursuits, i, 799, 800, 823, 832; in boot and shoe manufacturi 823; in building trades, i, 789, 790, 823; in clerical puisuits, i, 791, 792, 814, 81£ 832; in collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing, i, 832; in cotton mills, i, 823, 8^ domestic and personal service, i, 804-806, 823, 832 ; iron and steel workers, i, 784 823; laborers, i, 780, 781, 823; in laundries, i, 832; in manufacturing and mechi pursuits, i, 823, 832; minersandquarrymen, 1,782,783, 823; in needle trades, ' 809, 832: in paper and pulp mills, i, 832; peddlers, i, 823, 832; in profes service, i, 797, 798, 823, 832; salesmen, agents, etc., 793, 794, 816, 817, 823, 8; flilk mills, i, 832; steam-railroad employees, 1, 823; teachers, i, 819, 820, 83 textile mills, i, 786, 787, 811, 812, 823, 832; in tobacco and cigar making, i, 823 in trade and transportation, i, 823, 832: in woolen mills, i, 832; insanity and n defects, ii, 244, 248, 249; in Canada, ii, 612, 614, 626. English-speaking ability: Immigrants in various investigations, i, 160, 29^ 474-484, 609-611, 675, 730, 76&-770; ii, 161, 152; native and foreign bom pared, i. 476; old and new immigration compared, i. 475, 476, 648; retardat school children from homes where English is not spoken, i, 43; ii, 40, 41; la< lar^ly responsible for immigrant banks, ii, 417; lack of, requires more super in mdustries, i, 538; Italian agricultural colonies, i, 564; East Indians, i, 681; cans, i, 690. Eppler, Samuel A., conducted investigation of alien seamen and stowaways, i, Eskimo: Age classification of charity patients, ii^ 288; residence in United Sta charity patients, ii, 263; in charity noepitals, ii, 258-261. EUiiopian. See Negro. Ethnical factors discussed, i. 209-283. Ethnological classification oi races, i, 212. Eurafrican. See Caucasian. Europe: Immigration of races from, 1820-1910, i, 60-96; 1850-1900, i, 124; 188 1907, i, 167; investi^tions in, i, 14, 165-167; attitude of, toward emigrati 168, 169; illiteracy m, i, 175-177; effects of returned emisrants^ i, 184, 185; ber of Germans in, i, 242; number and distribution of Italians m, i, 252; Cai propaganda in, ii, 607; value of international money cHrders, 1906-9, ii, 426 natives of, in United States, i, 124, 134, 135, 137; immigrants from, needed in i, 41, 691; on Pacific coast, i, 644-654; in Hawaii, i, 708, 715; children of immij from, employed, i, 320-333, 336-347. Evansville, Ind., immigrants as charity seekers in, ii, 93-115. Examination abroad of aliens' police records, desirable, i, 34, 45. (See also Insp abroad.) Exchange, rate of, in immigrant banking, ii, 430. Exclud^ classes: Law regarding, ii, 619-621, 732; legislation, 1875, ii, 579; 18 669; 1891, i, 110; ii, 571; 1897, ii, 573; 1907, ii, 575-577; 1910, ii, 577; r mendations, various, i, 9, 47, 48; ii, 562, 573; children unaccompanied by par 30; Chinese, ii, 578-584; Japanese and Korean laborers, ii, 584; proetitut4 327-329. 579; aliens entering as seamen, ii, 355-363; as stowaways, ii, 36: Australia, ii, 633, 634; Brazil, ii, 647; Canada, ii, 607, 610, 611, 619-621; Nev land, ii, 637, 638. {See also Aliens excluded.^ Exclusion: On account of mental unsoundness, ii, 227-229; of East Indians, r mended, 1, 691. Executive order: President empowered to prohibit immigration in case of dise ftvei^ country, ii, 572; empowered to call international conference or to senn' miflBioners abroad, on subject of immigration, i, 10, 28; ii, 576. 577, 743; empc to stop immij9«tion on passports issued for entrance to other countries, ii, 577, a2fo Vetoee, Presidents'.) Index. i, 187; number of households and persons studied, i, 316-320, 640-642; emp studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-636; age classification, i, 463-467; ii, 136, 2fi age at time of coming, effect on English-speakine and literacy, i, 446, 447, 4£ occupation abroad, i, 100, 101, 172, 173, 357-363; length of residence, i, 116, 34 636, 637; residence in United States, effect on English-speaking, literacy i, 445, 446, 461-463, 477-481; ii, 147-151, 263-266, 280-285; occupation, i, 11 363-366; wages and earnings, i, 366-403. 407-411; family income, i, 412-417; c seekers, ii, 95-153; in chanty hospitals, ii, 258-261, 270-272; insanity and i defects, ii, 228, 237, 270; crime, ii, 211-220; prostitution, ii, 332; status of ch i, 470-474; ii, 143-147; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-31, 49-56, 64-66, 76-80; Uteracy 175, 438-447; English-speaking^ i, 474-484; ii, 151, 152; citizenship, i, 484- labor unions^ i, 417, 418; conjugal condition, i, 447-460; fecundity, ii, 4t location of wife, i, 459, 460; home ownership, i, 467-470; rent paid, i, 419-422; apartments andf of households, i, 426-430; persons per room, i, 430-438; boardc lodgers, i, 422-426; return movement, i, 112-118, 180, 182; visito abroad, i, 46 number in Whiting, Ind., i, 528; in Canada, ii, 612, 625. Finno-Tataric: Definition of term, i, 238, 239; population of stock, i, 238, 239. Firearm manufacturing, employees in. i, 336-338, 343-348. First generation, defimtion of term as here used, i, 777. Fish, Hamilton, chairman of Senate select committee on steerage conditions. ii, 593. Fiflhbetg, Maurice: On treatment of infants, ii, 547; variability of Hebrew u,550. Fishing, Japanese engaged in, California, i, 664. Fitchbuig, Mass.: Foreign-bom in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152. Fiume, Austria-Hungary: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; rejections, i, 199; nun immigrants from, ancl number debarred for medical causes, i, 202. Flemish: Definition, i, 231-233; number of immisrants admitted, i, 97, 214, 21 population in Europe, i, 214, 233; number in France, i, 240; number of hous and persons studied, i, 316-320, 557, 601; employees studied, i, 320-333, 33 627-636; age classification, i, 463-467, ii, 286-290; ago at time of coming, efi English-speaking and literacy, i, 446, 447, 481-484; occupation abroad, i, 10 357-363; length of residence, i, 34&-356, 603; residence in agricultural locality, residence in United States, effect on English-speaking, uteracy, etc., i, 44i 477^81; ii, 263-266, 280-285; occupation, i, 363-366; wages and earnings, i. 3C 407-411; family income, i, 412-417; charity seekers, ii, 95-109; in charity hoe ii, 258-261, 270-272; insanity and mental defects, ii, 228, 237, 270; proetil ii, 332; status of children, i, 470-474; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-27, 49-55, 64-66, literacy, i, 99, 438-f447; English-speaking, i, 474-484; citizenship, i, 484-4 labor unions, i^ 417, 418; conjugal condition, i, 447-460; location of wife, i, 45 home ownership, i, 467-470; rent paid, i, 419-422; size of apartments and of holds, i, 426-430; persons per room, i, 430-438; boarders and lodgers, i, 42 (^See alM) Dutch and Flemish.) Fhnt Medical School, New Orleans, La., ii, 8. Floating immigrant labor: Migration of recent immigrants, i, 500; immigrant patronized almost wholly by, ii, 417. Florida: Foreign-bom in, i, 126, 128; immi^nts destined to, i, 105-109; I admitted and depart^ed, i, 568; Japanese raising pineapples and vegetables, insaniUr, ii, 232; peonage, ii, 444; regulation of banking, ii, 435. Florida East Coast Kailwav, ca»e of alleged peonage, ii, 445, 446. Folkmar, Daniel, author or dictionary of ra<.'e8 or peoples, i, 1, 209; abstract of d ary, 1, 205-283. Folkmar, Elnora C, assisted in preparation of dictionary of races or peoples, i. Food: Required for steerage passengers, various laws, li, 590-^92, 597; consum seasonal fsu-m laborers, i, 599; supplied to newly arrived immigrants, Aigi character of, ii, 642. Ford committee on immigration, finding of, ii, 569, 570. Fordham University, Fordham, N. Y., li. 8. Foreign-bom: Proportion of, in white male population 21 years of age or over, 156j among prisoners, 1904, and in population, 1900, ii, 165, 168; among ju d^inquents, 1904, and in juvenile population, 1900, ii, 169, 170; of voting 148-156; naturalization, i, 152, 153. {See also separate races ^ Aliens, Immi] Immigration, etc.) Foreign exchange, in immigrant banking, ii, 425, 426. Faundry and machine-shop products manufacturing, employees in, i, 336-34^ 82401'*— VOL 2—11 55 Index. 851 num: Definition, i, 240-243; number of persons speaking, i, 235, 241; Teutoni Aguages, i, 281: number of immigrants admitted, i, 97, 171, 214, 215, 243; proportioj f males, i, 98; aestination, i, 10&-109; previous residence in United States, i, 104 Lone3r on landing, i, 103; immigrants from Honolulu, i, 712; population and dii ibution, i, 213, 214, 242; causes of emigration, i, 133; number m United Statee 242; number in Austria-Himgary, i, 219; number of households and persons studied 316-320, 557, 601. 639-642, 733-737; employees studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 60e )7, 627-636; age classification, i^ 463-467, 602, 603, 737-739; ii, 136, 286-290; ag t time of coming, effect on English-speakmg and literacy, i, 446, 447, 481-484, 60( 12, 769-771; occupation abroad, i, 100, 101, 172, 173, 357-363, 607, 608, 760; lengt f residence, i, 116, 349-356, 603, 636, 637, 740; ii, 84, 85; residence in United Statec OFect on English-speaking, literacy, etc., i. 445, 446, 461-463, 477-481, 610, 612 31, 769; ii, 147^151, 263-266, 280-285; residence in agricultural locality, i, 604 umber of breadwinners, i, 778, 803. 824, 833; occupation, i, 117, 118, 363-366, 761 32. man-Ruasians, in certain western States, i, 653, 654. man-Swias, in agriculture, i, 550. Doany: States of, ii, 696; races of, ii, 685, 700, 713, 721, 726; formerly leadin nigiant-fumiahin^ country, i, 168 j number of French in^ i, 240; Germans in Empire 2&; Gvpsies in, i, 245; Poles in, i, 259; immigrant remittances to, ii, 425, 427, 42£ eera^ laws, referred to, ii, 599-601; c()ntn>l stations on frontier, for emigrant inspec on, 1, 195, 196; insanity in, ii, 248, 249; illiteracy among recniits, i, 177; desertin ttmen from, ii, 360; Canada induces immigration from, ii, 607; immigrants fror mpire, 1820-1910, i, 65-96, 243; 1882 and 1907, i. 167; natives of, in United States 134, 135, 137, 155, 156, 623; in cities of United States, i, 145; crime, ii, 181^18* K-197, 205-211; insanity and feeble-mindedness, ii, 239-242; children of immi »nt8 from, employed, i, 320-333, 330-347, 506, 627-636; age classification . i, 463 J7; earnings, i, 366-403; literacy, i, 438-447; conjugal condition, i, 447-460. 3gow, Scotland: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; rcji^tions, i, 199; number r nmigrants from, and number debarred for medical causes, i, 202. 9B manufacturing: Summary of data seaired, i, 301, 302; houHi>holds and employer udied, i, 294, 32,V333, 627-634; earnings, i, 384-386, 388-395; unskill(»<l lalK)r in, j )6; racial displacements, i, 519-527; some repn^sentativc immigrant conimunitirf 496; racial composition of a bottle plant in P«»nnsylvania, i, 524; a plaU'-glai' lant and community in Pennsylvania, i, 520-522; a window-glass community i eetem Pennsylvania, i, 522-524. iicester, Mass.: Foreign-bom in male population, i, 151; citiznnship, i, 152. ve manufacturing: Summary of data secured, i, 310, 311; housc^holds and emplojrM udied, i, 294, 32^-333; eaminp, i, 384-386, 388-^J95. d and silver workers, female Breadwinners reported as, i, 830-838* d mining, Chinese displaced in, CaUfomia, i, 659. Index. 8 artford, Conn., immigrants aa charity seekers in, ii, 93-115. arvard UniveFsity, Cambridge, Mass., ii, 8. at and cap makers, female breadwinners reported as, i, 83(V-838. averhill, Mass.: Public school pupils, ii, 12, 13, 17-23, 33-35, 71, 72, 75; parocl Bchoolpupils, ii, 64-72, 75. avre, france: Inspection of emigrants, i, 197; rejections, i, 199; number of im grants from, and number debarred for medical causes, i, 202. awaii: Immigration conditions in, report on, i, 695-722; population, i, 700; aci provide government for, ii, 795; effects of annexation, i, 701, 702; early immij tion, i, 699-702; recent, i, 702, 703; assisted, i, 703-708; immigration and emi^ tion, i, 708-714; immigrants destined to, i, 105-109; Portuguese labor import i, 629; cost of importing labor, i, 703-705; employees on pl^tations, i, 715; wa of Russian immigrants^ i, 707; passports required of Japanese entering, i, 661; c] dren in school, i, 714; insane in institutions, ii, 233; immigrants as charity seek* ii, 154: Japanese emigration from, to Pacific coast, i, 660, 661, 701; to Canada, 829; Chinese immigration to, regulated by United States laws, ii, 583, 795; i iatration of Chinese, ii. 795; Chinese emigration from, to United States, ii, 7 Chinese citizens of, aamission to United States, ii, 803; immigration by way regulation regarding, ii, 779, 780. Awaiian: Number in Hawaii^ i, 700, 713; employees studied, i, 627-636; age cla fication of charity patients, li, 286-290; length of residence of students, ii, 84; r dence in United States of charity patients, ii, 263-266; on sugar plantations, i, 7 family income, i, 712; charity seekers, ii, 154; in charity hospitals, ii, 258r-2 270-272; in schools, i, 714; ii^ 10-16, 18-27, 76-80. awaiian Sugar Planters' Association : induced immigration, i, 703, 704 ; wel&ire wc i, 716. ayee, Rutheriord B., vetoed bill abrogating Burlingame treaty, 1879, ii, 580. ayford, Leslie, author of report on immigration and crime, i, 3; abstract of report. 159—221. ead form of immigrants, changes in, ii, 505-517, 520-522, 525-^29, 531-533, 536, S 540, 542-^5, 549, 553, 554. ead tax: Proposed at various times, ii, 562, 568, 571; legislation, ii, 566-569, S 573^76; levied by New York, 1829, ii, 567, 568; by Massachusetts, 1837, ii, S references to, in present law, ii, 731, 732, 747, 760, 762, 764, 766, 774, 775, 780; j posed amendments, 1906^ i, 9, 10; material increase proposed, i, 48; discriminat in favor of men with families, proposed, i, 48; in case of stowaways, ii, 365, 366; applicable to alien seamen, ii, 355, 357, 358; persons coming from certain pla exempt from, i, 231; Chinese and other Mongolians, Califorma, 1855 and 1862, 678; Chinese entering Canada, ii, 628. ealth, the public, conclusions re^utling immigration and, i, 34. ebrew: Definition, i, 246, 247; objection to use of term, i, 19; number of immigra admitted, i, 97, 171, 214, 215, 246, 625; proportion of males, i, 98; destination 106-109 j previous residence in United States, i, 104; money on landing, i, 1 S>pulation in Europe, i, 214, 246; causes of emigration, i, 187, 577; number olland, i, 232; number in Roumania, i, 263; number in Russian Poland, i, 2 number of households and persons studied, i, 316-320, 557, 601, 640-642, 733-7 employees studied, i, 320-333, 336-347, 627-636; in agricultural investigation 652-557; age classification, i, 463-467, 602, 603, 737-739; ii, 136, 286-290; age time of coming, effect on English-speaking and literacy, i, 446, 447, 481-484, 6 612, 769-771; occupation abroad, i, 100, 101, 172, 173, 357-363, 607, 608, 760; len of residence, i, 116, 349-356, 603, 740; ii, 84, 85; permanence of settlement, i, 1 residence in United States, effect on English-speaking, literacv, etc., i, 445, 4 461-463, 477-481. 610, 613, 751, 769; ii, 147-151, 263-266, 280-285; residence agricultural locality, i, 604; occupation, i, 117, 118, 363-366, 761, 762; inagriculti pursuits, i, 39, 575-581; wages and earnings, i, 366-403, 405-411, 764-767; immigr Danks, ii. 413; family income, i, 412-417, 766; income of farmers, i, 579; chai seekers, li, 95-153; in charity hospitals, ii, 258-262, 270-275, 277; insanity j mental defects, ii, 228, 237, 238, 270; crime, ii, 179-181, 189-193, 211-220; prosti tion, ii, 332, 343; gainful occupation in the home, i, 752; status of children 470-474, 614, 763; li, 143-147; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-31, 32^2, 49-61, 64- 76-82 : proportion of children, i, 739; literacy, i, 99, 175, 438-447, 612, 613, 5 77L; English-speaking, i, 474-484, 609-611, 768-770; ii. 151, 152; citizenshin 484-489, 680, 606, 771, 772; ii, 152, 153; in labor unions, i, 417-419; con, condition, i, 447-460, 605; ii, 137-142; changes in bodily form, ii, 50&-fiOB. 513, 518-535, 542-^5, 549; pubescence of boys, ii, 536-541; vanahilitv '^ Europe, ii, 550; treatment of infants, ii, 547; location of wife, ' ownership, i, 467-470, 756; rent paid, i, 419-422, 757-759; siie Inck] Houlton, Me., a justice of, attitude toward contract-labor law, ii, 448. Hours of work: Effects of recent immigrants on, i, 540, 541 ; longer in bituminous mines of Pennsylvania than elsewhere, i, 38; longer than average in Japanese 1 ness establishments, Pacific coast, i, 675; irregular among immigrant banker 422; seasonal agricultural laborers, i, 597, 598; Greek bootblacks and peddler 394, 395. Households: Selection of, for study, i, 315; schedule forms used, ii, 653-673; nui studied, various industries, i, 294, 297-313, 315-317; in cities, i, 727, 732-736 agricultural investigation, i, 557; in the West, i, 640; study of immigrants in ci i, 727-r772; size of, i, 428-430; farm households studied, i, *601-615, 639; Italiai agriculture, i, 560. (See also Boarders and lodgers, etc.) Housing conditions: Immigrants in cities, i, 729; size of apartments and of he holds, i, 426-430, 741-743; persons per room, i, 430^38, 729, 743-747; sanitary ditions, i, 729, 753-755; boarding-boss system described, i, 422, 499; among seaf agricultural laborers, i, 598, 599; Chinese, i, 657; East Indians, i, 680; Gen Russians, i, 653, 654; Greeks, ii, 393-395; Hebrews, i, 579; Italians, i. 565, Mexicans, i, 689; Poles, i, 586; Russiansin Hawaii, i, 706, 707; conclusions, i, 3( Housekeepers and stewardesses, female breadwinners reported as, i, 830-^838. Howell, Benjamin F., member of Immigration Commissicm, i, 11, 165. Hucksters and peddlers: Male breadwinners reported as, i, 821-829; female bi winners, i, 830-838. Hun, definition of term, i, 248. (See also Magyar.) Hungarian: Immigrants from Honolulu, i, 712; number of breadwinners, i, 778, 825, 834; occupation, i, 825, 834; in agricultural pursuits, i, 800, 825, 834; in and shoe manufacturing, i, 825; in building trades, i, 789, 825; in clerical purs i, 791, 814, 825, 834; in collar, cuff, and shirt manufacturing, i, 834; in cotton n i, 825, 834; in domestic and personal service, i, 805, 825, 834; iron and steel wor! i, 784, 825; laborers, i, 781, 825; in laundries, i, 834; in manufacturing and mec ical pursuits, i, 825, 834; miners and quarrymen, i, 782, 825; in needle trades, i, 834; in paper and pulp mills, i, 834; peddlers, i, 825, 834; in professional ser i, 797, 798, 825, 834; salesmen, agents, etc., i, 794, 817, 825, 834; in silk mills, i, steam railroad employees, i, 825; teachers, i, 819, 834; in textile mills, i, 787, 825, 834; in tobacco and cigar making, i, 825, 834; in trade and transportatic 825, 834 ; in woolen mills, i, 834 ; insanity and mental defects, ii, 244, 249 ; focum ii, 469-482, 494-500; changes in bodily form, ii, 510, 511, 518-524, 526; desertic seamen, ii, 361 ; in Canada, ii, 611, 626. (See also Magyar.) Hungary: Provinces of, ii, 696; races of, ii, 685, 700, 713, 721, 726; number of Gen in, i, 242; Gypsies, i, 245; Roumanians, i, 263; Slovaks, i, 277; illiteracy, i, insanity, ii, 248, 249; law forbids promotion of emigration, i, 191; local superv prevents many of excludable classes from emigrating, i, 196; natives of, in Ut States, i, 134, 135, 137, 623; in cities of United States, i, 145; children of immigi from, employed, i, 320-333, 336-347. (See alo Austria-Hungary.) Hungary and Bohemia, insanity and feeble-mindedness among natives of, in Ui States, ii, 23^242. Hungary Hollow, 111., a representative immigrant community, i, 496. Hunky. See Magyar. Hunyak. See Magyar. Husband, W. W.: Secretary of Immigration Commission, i, 12. Huxley, classification of races by, i, 218, 224, 256, 257. I. Iberians, immigration and emigration of, Hawaii, i, 710, 711. Iceland: Popiuation, i, 270; number of Scandinavians in, i, 271; Canada ind immigration from, ii, 607. {See also Scandinavia.) Icelander: Number of employees studied, i, 627-636; charity seekers, ii, 95- in Canada, ii, 611, 626. Idaho: Population and number of foreign-bom, i, 127, 129, 149, 155, 623; citi ship, i, 150; immigrants destined to, i, 105-109; regulation of banking, ii, 435. identification: See Certificates. niinois: Population and number of foreign-bom, i, 126, 128, 149, 151, 155; citi ship, i, 150, 152; Hebrews in, i, 247, 576; Polish farmers, i, 583; Greek peddler 393, 394; employees in manufactures, mines, and quarries, i, 492; output of (see Middle West); immigrants destined to, i, 105-109; emigration to Canada, ii, immigrant banks, ii, 414, 435; no regulation of private or immigrant banking, ii, Index. 258-261, 270-272; inaanity and mental defects, ii, 230, 231, 270; in schoc 10-16, 3^-42, 40-61^ 64-66: literacy, i, 438-447. {See also East Indian.) Indian, South Amencan, children in public echools, ii, 10-16. Indian, Spanish, children in public schools, ii, 10-16. Indian Territory: Foreign-bom in, i, 127, 129; immigrants destined to, i, 105-1 Indiana: Foreign-bom in, i, 126, 128, 149, 155;citizen^p, i, 150; immigrants det to, i, 105-109; employees in manufactures, mines, and quarries, i, 492; outj coal [see Middle West); Hebrew farmers, i, 576; Polish farmers, i, 583; insani 232; immigrant banks, ii, 414; regulation of banking, ii, 435. Indianapolis, Ind.: Immigrants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115; immigrant ban 413. Indo-Celtic, -European, -Germanic. See Aryan. 