None
433-504 Atacama and its Guano Deposits and Nitrate Industry, 433 et seq., 519-520 Peruvian Intrigues in Bolivia, and Secret Treaty between Peru and Bolivia, 1873, 436, 441, 517, 555 Peruvian Intrigues in Bolivia, 1875- 78, 437-438, 555 Peruvian Proposal of Arbitration between Bolivia and Chile, 439- 440 Chilian Declaration of War against Peru, Apr. 5, 1879, 440-441, 520 The Peruvian Navy, 443 Military Forces, 444-445 President Prado, Commander of the Peruvian Army, 474, 520 Operations of the Chilian Squadron, 448-449 Pisagua bombarded by Chilians, 449 Naval Action off Iquique, May 20, and Loss of the lndependencia, 450-453 Peruvian Reprisals, 453-454 The Huascar captured by Chilians, Oct. 8, 454-457 The Pilconiayo captured by Chilians, Nov. 17, 457 Chilian Invasion of Tarapaca, 458- 460, 520 Battle of Pisagua, Nov. 2, 460-461 Chilian Occupation of Junin, 461 Skirmish near Agua Santa, Nov. 6, 461-462 Perii — continued The Guano Deposits, etc. — continued Battle at San Francisco, Dolores, Nov. 16, 462-464 Chilian Occupation of Iquique, Nov. 20, 464 Battle of Tarapaca, Nov. 27, 465- 467 Adm. Montero in Command of the Peruvian Army, Nov. 26, 1879, 474 Chilian Invasion of Tacna and Arica, Feb. 1880, 468-470 Battle of Tacna, May 26, 470-471 Battle of Arica, June 7, 472-473 Blockade of Callao by Chilians, 1880, 475-479, 483, 493 Chorillos, etc., bombarded by Chilians, Sept. 1880, 479-480 Efforts of the United States for Peace, Oct., 1880, and Confer- ence on the Lackaioana, 480- 481 Chilian Demands rejected, 481 Pisco and Yea occupied by Chilians, Nov., 1880, 482 Naval Action at Callao, Dec. 6, 483 Defences of Lima, 483-485 Battle of Chorillos, Jan. 13, 1881, 485-487 Fighting on Morro Solar, Jan. 13, 487 Armistice, Jan. 15, 488 Battle of Miraflores, Jan. 15, 488- 489, 522 Lima occupied by Chilians, Jan. 16, 489-500 Panic in Lima, 490-491 The Urban Guard, 491 Chilian Acts of Vandalism, 492-493 Peruvian Guerilla Warfare against Chilians, 1882, 495-496 Capture of Arequipa by Chilians, Aug., 1883, 496 Gen. Iglesias and Peace, 496-497 Treaty of Peace (Treaty of Ancon) between Chile and Peru, Oct. 20, 1883, 497-500 ; ratified, May 8, 1884, 332, 403, 407, 500-501, 523, 529 Lima evacuated by Chilians, Oct. 22, 1883, 500 Tarapaca ceded to Chile, 498 Chilian Occupation of Tarapaca, 414, 420-423, 437, 480, 498, 516- 517, 520 Chilian Occupation of Tacna and Arica, 403-404, 407, 468-473, 481, 498, 502, 529, 556 INDEX 687 Peru — continued The Guano Deposits, etc. — continued Chilian Occupation of Atacama, 437, 517, 555-556 Other References to the War, see under Bolivia, Chile President Prado's Flight to Europe, Dec, 1879, 474-475,520 Conspiracy under Nicolas de Pierola, Dec, 1879, 475,520-521 Resignation of Gen. de La Puerta, Vice- President, Dec, 1879, 520-521 Nicolas de Pierola, President, 1879, 475, 520-522 Dr F. G. Calderon, President, Mar. 12, 1881, 494-495 Adm. Montero, Vice-President, 494 Adm. Montero, President, Aug. 1881, 495 Ministry of Capt. Carailo Carrillo, 495 Nicolas Pierola, Provisional President, 1881, 495 Gen. Miguel Iglesias, President, 1883, 496-497, 522-524 Revolt under Gen. Caceres, 1884-85, 523-524 Gen. Caceres, President, 1886, 524-525 Col. Morales Bermudez, President, 1890, 524-525 Pedro A. del Solar and Col. Borgofto, Vice-Presidents, 525-526 Col. Arrate of Chile in Peru, Apr., 1891, 354 Gen. Caceres, President, 1894, 526 Revolt under Pierola, 1894-95, 526-527, 538 Provisional Government under Sefior Candarao, 1895, 527 Pierola, President, 1895, 527-528, 542, 544 Insurrection in Iquitos, 527 New Electoral Law, 527-528 Civil Marriages, 528 Boundary Dispute with Colombia, 1895, 529 Other Boundary Disputes, 529 Sefior Romaiia, President, 1899, 528- 529 Revolution under Sefior Durand, 528 Manuel Candamo, President, 1903, 529 Population, 530-534 Races of Peru, 531-534 Alcoholism, 533 Language, 533-534 Topography, 534 Education, 534-536 Administration of Justice, 536-537 The Catholic Church, 537-538, 540, 541 National Character, 538-539 Municipal Government, 539 Peru — continued Finance, 541-544 Industries, 545-552 Sugar-Growing, 545-546 Cotton Industry, 546-547, 552 Coffee, etc., 547 Cattle and Sheep, 547-548 Mineral Wealth, 548-550 Oil, 550 Guano Exports, 1869, 511-512 Borax, 550 Rubber, Gum, etc. , 551-552 Manufactures, 552 Railways, Roads, etc., 549, 551, 552- 553 Peruvian Corporation, 542, 547 Petroleum Industry in Peru, 550 Petropolis, Brazil, 310 Pezet, Gen., President of Peru, 506-508 Pichincha, Ecuador, 22 Pierola, Nicolas de, Peruvian Conspirator, 1874, 515-516 ; 1876, etc., 518 Leader of Revolt in Peru, 1879, 475, 520-521 President of Peru, 1879, 475, 520-522 Commander in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 1880-81, 484-489, 494 Provisional President of Peru, 1881, 495 Leader of Revolt in Peru, 1894-95, 526, 538 President of Peru, 1895, 527-528, 542, 544 Pietri, Dr, referred to, 628 Pilcomayo, Peruvian Sloop, 443 ; captured by Chilians, 1879, 457, 476, 479, 488 Pincon, Vincent Yanez, and Brazil, 12 Pinto, Gen., President of Chile : in 1827, 30 ; in 1829, 30 Pinto, Anibal, President of Chile, 1876, 329-331 Pinto, Col., Bolivian Commander, 470 Pinto, Sefior, Salvador Minister in Peru, 288 Pinzon, Rear-Adm. , Spanish Com- mander, 506, 507 Pipon, Capt., of the Sirius, 281 Pirene, Peru, 547 Pisagua : Pisagua in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 1879, 449, 459-461 Pisagua in the Chilian Civil War, 1891, 347, 349-350, 364 Other References, 422, 449 Pisco, Peru, 482 Piura, Peru, 546, 550 Pizarro, Francisco, Pizarro and Atahualpa, 7, 584, 587 Founder of Lima, 539-540 Other References, 8, 10 688 INDEX Pizarro, Gonzalo, 8, 11 Placilla, Chile, 376-380 Plague in Brazil, 308 Plate River Republics, 650-652 Plaza, Gen. Leonidas, President of Ecuador, 1901, 583 Plaza, Dr Victorino de la, Minister of War in Argentina, 68 Polidoro, Gen., Brazilian Commander in the Paraguayan War, 158-160, 183 Population : of South America, 9-11, 15- 16, 650 ; of Paraguay, 193 ; of Brazil, 309; of Chile, 411-412; of Peru, 530-534 ; of Bolivia, 566 ; of Ecuador, 584 ; of Colombia, 606-607 ; of Venezuela, 634-635 Portales, Gen., in Chile, 30 Portenos of Buenos Aires, see under Argentina Porto Alegre, Brazil, 235, 310 Portugal and South America : Portuguese Dominion of Brazil, 1500- 1578, and 1649, 12-14 The Portuguese Seat of Government in Brazil, 1808, 13 Invasion of French Guiana, 1808, 13 Joao VI., 1807-21, 13 Pedro I., 1822, 14 Portuguese Aggression in Uruguay till 1828, 24 Pedro II., 1840, 14, 232-244, 257, 313 The Portuguese and Brazilian Insur- gents in 1894, 280-281 Diplomatic Relations between Portugal and Brazil broken off, 281 ; and resumed, 1895, 290 Portuguese in Brazil, 309, 311 Positivism in Brazil, 235 Potosi, Bolivia, 574 Pozo Almonte, Battle, Mar. 7, 1891, 353- 355 Pradera Iron Works, Colombia, 613 Prado, B. , of Chile, 360, 362 Prado, Gen. Mariano Ignacio, Leader of Rebellion in Peru, 1865, 506- 508 President of Peru, 1865, 508-511 Defender of Callao against Spain, 1866, 517, 520 President of Peru, 1875, 450, 474-475, 517-520 Commander of the Peruvian Army in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 1879, 450, 474, 520 His Flight to Europe, Dec, 1879, 474- 475, 520 Prado, Lieut, of Peru, 468 Prat, Capt., Chilian Naval Commander in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 450- 451 Prats, Belisario, of Chile, 340 Presidents Errazuriz, Chilian Cruiser, 358, 363 Presidente Pinto, Chilian Cruiser, 358, 363 Prieto, Gen., President of Chile: in 1831, 30, 321-323 ; in 1835, 30, 323 Puerto del Ingles, Uruguay, 202 Puiff, Ship, 207 Pulucayo Mine, Bolivia, 574 Puno de Atacama Dispute between Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia : in 1898, 111-112; in 1899, 113-114; in 1900, 407 Punta Arenas, Chile, 420, 425, 430 Punta Gruesa, Chile, 453 Punto Grosso, Brazil, 283 Puy, Gen., in Venezuela, 21 Puyredon, Dictator, in Argentina, 24, 32 Queimadas, Brazil, 298 Queiros, Gen. Innocencio Galvao de, of Brazil, 292 Quichua Indians and the Quichua Lan- guage, 16, 534, 538, 567-569 Quilloga, Chile, 355 Quillota, Chile, 347, 375 Quilpue, Chile, 373-376 Quintana, Dr, Candidate for the Presi- dency of Argentina, 120 Quinteros, Chile, 131, 346, 368-369, 370, 391-396 Quiroga, Gen., in Argentina, 32, 33 Quito, Ecuador, 21, 579, 584, 586, 587 Raceoo, Col., in Buenos Aires, 55, 56, 57 Racer, British Ship, 265-266 Railways: in Argentina, 64, 109-110; in Uruguay, 227 ; in Brazil, 236, 315 ; in Chile, 328, 419-420; in Peru, 512, 515, 551-552; in Bolivia, 571-572; in Ecuador, 587-588 ; in Colombia, 604 ; in Venezuela, 642 Ramirez, Col. , Chilian Commander, 448, 466 Ramirez, Dr Jose Pedro, of Uruguay, 212, 221 Rasquim, Gen., of Paraguay, 186 Raycraft, Mr, in Chile, 393 Rebolledo, Rear-Adm. Juan Williams, Chilian Naval Commander, 326, 448- 454 Recarbarren, Col. Isaac, Peruvian Com- mander, 459-461, 487 Registration Law in Chile, 332, 336 Reinafe, Gen. , of Argentina, 33 Religion in South America, see Catholic Church Republic, Brazilian Warship, in the Revolt in Brazil, 1893-94, 263-285 INDEX 689 Resolution, Spanish Frigate, 507, 509 Reyes, Gen., of Colombia, 596 Reyes, Vicente, of Chile, 404 Riachuelo River, 56, 143 Riachuelo, Brazilian Cruiser, 255 Ribera, Fructuoso, President of Uruguay, 31 Riesco, Jerman, President of Chile, 1901, 388, 409 Riggin, Quartermaster, of the Baltimore, 393 llimac, Chilian Transport : captured by Peru, 1879, 454 ; in the Chilian- Peruvian War, 1880, 481 ; destroyed, Jan. 1881, 493 Rio Branco Law, 237 Rio Grande, Brazil: Rio Grande in the Paraguayan War, 134, 141, 144 Revolt in 1878, 235-236 Revolt in 1893, 259, 265 Attack on Rio Grande by Rebels, Apr., 1894, 284-286 Revolt, 1895, 290-293 Rio Grande, Monitor, 169 Rio Honda, 162 Rio de Janeiro, see under Brazil Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian Warship, 157 Riobamba, Ecuador, 585 Rioja, Argentina, 117, 161 Rios, Col., Peruvian Commander, 464, 466 Ptiquelme, Lieut. -Col., of Chile, 351 Rivadavia, President of Argentina, 24, 32 Rivarola, Cirilo, President of Paraguay, 186, 188 Rivas, Gen. Ignacio, in the Paraguayan War, 169, 170 Riveros, Rear-Adm. Galvarino, Chilian Commander, 454-455, 475, 479 Robles, Gen., Paraguayan Commander, 137, 138, 148 Robles, Gen. Eulojio, of Chile, 348-354 Roca, Gen. Julio, Candidate for the Presidency of Argentina, 47, 54, 55 President of Argentina, 60-68, 71 His Administration, 61-68 Roca and Celman, 71-72 Argentine Minister of the Interior, 88, 97 Attempted assassination of Roca in 1891, 92 Mitre and Roca, 93, 94 Commander in Santa Fe, 102 Again President of Argentina, 110-120 His Meeting with President Errazuriz of Chile, 114 His Visit to Patagonia, 114-115 His Visit to Brazil, 1899, 116, 307 Rocafuerte, Vicente, President of Ecuador, 29 Rocha, Dr Dardo, of Argentina, 49, 66- 67 Rocha, Uruguay, 207 Rodriguez, Senor, of Uruguay, 181 Rodriguez, Lieut. , Peruvian Naval Com- mander, 456 Rogers, Lieut., Chilian Naval Com- mander, 456-457 Rojas, Argentina, in the Paraguayan War, 154-161, 168 Romaila, Senor, President of Peru, 1899, 528-529 Rome, Church of, see Catholic Church Rosa, Almeida, of Brazil, 139 Rosales, Torpedo-Catcher, wrecked, 98, 107 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina, 38, 56 Rosas, Juan Manuel, His Action in Uruguay, 31 Governor and Captain-General of Buenos Aires, 33 His Attitude towards French Settlers, 33-34 Tyranny and Downfall of Rosas, 36- 37 Ross, Augustin, 365, 366 Rubber Industry : of Peru, 551 ; of Bolivia, 575 ; of Ecuador, 588 ; of Colombia, 612 Rucanas, 16 Saa, Gen., Uruguayan Commander, 133 Saavedra, Gen. Cornelio, Chilian Com- mander, 489, 492 Saguier, President, of Paraguay, 1875, 189 St John, Mr, in Venezuela, 1887, 621 St John, Alfred, British Consul in Peru, 1895, 527 St John, Sir Spencer, British Minister in Peru, 1881, 488, 491 Salado River, 434-435 Salaverry, Gen., in Peru, 29 Salaverry, Peru, 479 Salazar, Gen., of Venezuela, 619 Salazar, Eusebio, y Mazarredo, of Spain, 507 Saldana, Col. Atanasildo, of Uruguay, 207 Salgado, Col., of Brazil, 272, 284-285 Salinas, Belisario, of Bolivia, 501 Salisbury, Marquis of, and the Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and Guiana, 623 Salles, Bernardino de Campos, of Brazil, 251 2x 690 INDEX Salles, Dr Manoel F. Campos, Personality of Dr Campos Salles, 305 Republican, 239, 251 President of Brazil, 1898, 304-308 His Visit to Europe, 306 His Visit to Argentina, 1900, 118- 119 Salt Mines : in Colombia, 613 ; in Vene- zuela, 642 Salto, Uruguay, 131, 207 Sama River, 469 San Bartolome (Hill), Peru, 485, 489 San Borge, Brazil, 143 San Clemento, California, 359 San Cosme, 152, 194 San Cristoval (Hill), Peru, 489 San Diego, California, 359, 360 San Francisco, Dolores, Peru, Battle of, 1879, 462-463 San Francisco, U.S. Cruiser, in Chilian Waters, 277, 380, 391-392, 395 San Juan, Argentina, 161 San Juan (Hill), Peru, 484, 486-487 San Lorenzo, Peru, 476, 509-510 San Luis, Argentina, 101, 161 San Martin, Gen., Argentine Com- mander, 23, 25, 653 San Roman, Gen., President of Perii, 1862, 506^ Sanchez, Evaristo, of Chile, 338 Sanchez Jose, of Peru, 523 Sanclemente, M. A., President of Colom- bia, 1898, 599 Sandia, Peru, 549 Sanfuentes, Sen or, of Chile, 340 Santa Anna de Liviamento, Brazil, 255 Santa Catharina, Brazil, 283, 310 Santa Cruz, Gen., in Peru, 29; in Bolivia, 1827-39, 30 Santa Cruz, Col., Chilian Commander, 1879, 466 Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 567, 575 Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 257, 263, 264, 265, 269, 274, 279 Santa Lucia Chico, River, 200 Santa Maria, Domingo, President of Chile, 1881, 331-333, 335, 336 Santa Teresa (Hill) Peru, 484, 486 Santander, Gen. , President of Colombia, 27, 28 Santiago, Chile : Fire at the Compaflia Church, 1863, 325 Other References, to Town and Pro- vince, 348, 356, 365, 380-384, 411- 412, 416, 421, 431 Santibanez, Jose Maria, of Bolivia, 434 Santibanez, Ramon, of Chile, 358 Santo Domingo, Peru, 550 Santos, Gen. Maximo, Chief Adviser to President Vidal of Uruguay, 209-210 President of Uruguay, 1882, 210-211 Commander-in-Chief, 211 Revolt against Gen. Santos, 211 Captain-General, 211 President of Uruguay, 1886, 211-212 Attempted Assassination of President Santos, 212 Sao Francisco Xavier, Brazil, 299 Sao Joao Baptista, Brazil, 263, 264, 265, 269, 274, 279 Sao Paulo, Brazil : Sao Paulo in the Republican Move- ment, 235-239, 243, 244, 246, 251, 254 Sao Paulo and the Slavery Question, 237-240 Other References, 264, 265, 284, 283, 299, 309-310 Sapucay, Paraguay, 183 Saraiva, Aparicio, Leader of Risings in Uruguay, 217- 222, 224 Leader of Rising in Rio Grande do Sul, 290 Saraiva, Conselheiro, Brazilian Envoy to Uruguay, 132 Saraiva, Gumercindo, Leader of Revolt in Brazil, 259, 271-287 Sarmiento, Col., and Dr Lucio V. Lopez, 1894, 106 Sarmiento, Dr, President of Argentina, 1868-74, 40-41, 43, 63, 123-125 Saraget, Gen., of Brazil, 299-300 Schley, Capt., of the Baltimore, 393 Scruggs, Mr, referred to, 627 Seguier, Vice-President, of Paraguay, 189 Senoret, Lieut., Chilian Commander, 477 Sepulveda, Capt., Chilian Commander, 461 Serena, Chile, 347, 348 Sergipe, Brazil, 300 Serpe, Dr Epifanio, of Peru, 495 Serrano, Lieut. Ignacio, Chilian Naval Commander, 452 Serzedello, Major, of Brazil, 251 Sete de Seplembre, Brazilian Warship, 263 Shah, British Warship, 518 Shannon, British Warship, 464 Sheep-Farming, etc. : in Argentina, 127- 128 ; in Uruguay, 228-229 ; in Chile, 420, 430; in Peru, 547-548; in Colombia, 612 ; in Venezuela, 641 Silva, Gen. , Peruvian Commander, 486 Silva, Gen. 6, 1866, 509 Spanish Bombardment of Valparaiso, Mar. 31, 1866, 326-327, 509 Spanish Bombardment of Callao, May 2, 1866, 509-510, 517, 520 Chilian Truce with Spain, 1867, 327 ; and Treaty, 1879, 327 Spanish Arbitration in the Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and Colombia, 1883-1891, 595 Spain and Cuba, 5, 7, 648 Spanish Influence in South America, 648-650 Staunton, Adm.,in Brazilian Waters, 276 Stephan, Col., of Chile, 356 Stewart, Duncan, of Uruguay, 215 Storrow, Mr, 627 Suarez, Col., in Peru, 1824, 23 Suarez, Gen., in the Paraguayan War, 1866, 152 Suarez, Col. Belisario, Peruvian Com- mander, 1879-81, 459, 464, 467, 470, 484, 486, 489 Suarez, Gen. Jose Gregorio, Candidate for the Presidency in Uruguay, 1868, 199 Commander of Troops against Blanco Revolutionists in Uruguay, 1870, 200-202 Suarez, Lieut. -Col. Manuel, Peruvian Commander, 1879, 466 Sucre, Gen., of Bolivia : Commander at Pichincha, 1822, 22 President of Bolivia, 1825, 23, 30, 653 INDEX Sucre, Bolivia, 562, 563, 567 Sugar-Cultivation : in Peru, 545-546 ; in Venezuela, 640 Supe, Peru, 479 Switzerland and the Amapa Dispute between Brazil and French Guiana, 306-307 Tacna : Chilian Invasion and Battle of Tacna, May 26, 1880, 468-471, 481 Bolivia and Peru and the Chilian Occupation of Tacna, 403-404, 407, 498, 502, 529, 556 Other References, 354, 420 Tacuarembo, Uruguay, 208 'Page, Brazil, 136 Tajes, Gen. Maximo, Commander in Uruguay, 211 President of Uruguay, 212-213 Talambo, Peru, 506-507 Talara, Peru, 550 Talca, Chile, 324 Talcahuano, Chile, 346 Talisman, Peruvian Transport, 493, 515 Taltal, Chile, 364, 421, 423, 454 Tamandare, Adm., Brazilian Com- mander, 132, 133, 139, 158-160, 187 TamandarS, see Almirante Tamandard Tamarugal, Chile, 429, 462 Tarapaca (see also Iquique) The Nitrate Industry, the Dispute of Peru with Chile, and the Chilian Occupation, 414, 420-423, 437, 480, 498, 516-517, 520 Borax in Tarapaca, 426 Battle of Tarapaca, 1879, 464-467 Other References, to Town and Pro- vince, 354, 459, 462 Tarija, Bolivia, 567 Tavares, Gen., Jose da Silva, of Brazil, 255, 292-293, in the Paraguayan War, 185 Tayi, Paraguay, 164, 172 Tejeda, Capt. 1893, 276-277 Arbitration in the Misiones Dispute between Brazil and Argentina in 1895, 109, 112 The United States and Spanish Misrule in Cuba, 5, 7, 648 Minister Buchanan and the Chilian Boundary Question in 1899, 113- 114 The United States and the Venezuelan Boundary Question, 1895-99, 622- 628, 654 The Panama Canal, 28, 601, 614, 655- 656 Uranus, Brazilian Merchant Ship, 263, 264, 273 Uriarte, President, of Paraguay, 1875, 187, 189 Uribe, Lieut. , 452 Uriburu, Dr Jose, Argentine Minister in Chile, 1891, 385- 387 Vice-President of Argentina, 1892, 97 President of Argentina, 1895, 108-113 Candidate for the Presidency of Argen- tina in 1904, 120 Urmaneta, Geronimo, of Chile, 434 Urguiza, Gen., Leader of Revolution in Buenos Aires, 1852, 36-38 Commander in the Paraguayan War, 137-144, 151, 165 Other Reference, 31 Urriola, Col., 468 Urrutia, Gen., of Chile, 351 Uruan River Incident in the Venezuelan Boundary Dispute, 623-624 Uruguay : Montevideo captured by Brazil, 1817 and 1823, 14 Revolution in Montevideo in 1809, 21 Gen. Artigas, Dictator, 24 Portuguese Aggression, 24 Independence acknowledged, 1828, 24 Fructuoso Ribera, President, 1830, 31 Manuel Oribe and Ignacio Oribe, Presidents, 1835, 31 Warfare of Ribera against Ignacio Oribe aided by Rosas of Buenos Aires, 1838-51, 31 Uruguay — continued Conflict with England, France, and Italy, 31 President Berro, 31 Anastasio Aguirre, President, 1864, 32, 131 Civil War, 1863-65, 131, 197 The Blancos, 131, 144-147, 151, 165, 197-230 The Colorados, 197-204, 230, 649 Gen. Venancio Flores, Leader of Revolt, 1863-65, 131-135 Strained Relations between Argentina and Uruguay, 131, 134 Relations with Paraguay, 131, 191 Strained Relations between Uruguay and Brazil, 131-132 Brazilian Mission of Conselheiro Saraiva to Uruguay, 132 Paysandu captured by Brazilians, Jan. 1, 1865, 132 Villa del Salto fired on, 132 Uruguayan Expedition to Rio Grande do Sul, 134 Peace Negotiations, Feb. 1865, 135 Gen. Venancio Flores, President, 1865, 135, 197-198 Alliance between Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay against Paraguay, May 1, 1865, 139 War against Paraguay of Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil, 1865-70, see under Paraguay President Flores in the Paraguayan War, 139-160, 187 Revolt of Col. Fortunato Flores, 1867, 197 Dr Pedro Varela, President, 1868, 198 Blanco Conspiracy and Assassination of Gen. Flores, 1868, 198 Gen. Batlle, President, 1868, 199-204 Cholera Epidemic, 1868, 199 Outbreaks under Maximo Perez and Gen. Caraballo, 199 Blanco Revolution under Col. Aparicio, 1870-72, 199-203 Fighting at Corralito, etc. , 200 Siege of Montevideo, 201-202 Defeat of Insurgents, 202, 203 Peace, 1872, 203 Tomas Gomensoro, President, 1872, 203, 205 Colorados Netos and Colorados Princi- pistas, 204 Candidates for the Presidency, 1873, 204 Dr Ellauri, President, 1873, 204-206 Assassination of Col. Romualdo Cas- tillo, 1874, 205 Revolt in Soriano, 1875, 205 Municipal Election in Montevideo, 205 694 INDEX Uruguay — continued Pedro Varela, President, 1875, 206-208 Political Exiles, 207 La Revolucion Tricolor, 207-208 Major Lorenzo Latorre, Dictator, 1876, 208-209 Mapr Latorre, President, 209 Dr Francisco A. Vidal, President, 1880, 209-210 Gen. Maximo Santos, 209-210 Gen. Santos, President, 1882, 210-211 Dr Vidal re-elected President, 1886, 211 Gen. Santos, Commander-in-Chief, 211 Revolution against Gen. Santos, sup- pressed by Gen. Tajes, 211 Gen. Santos re-elected President, 1886, 211 Attempted assassination of President Santos, 212 The Ministerio de la Conciliacion of Dr Jose Pedro Ramirez, 212 Gen. Tajes, President, 1886, 212-213 Dr Julio Herrera y Obes, President, 1890, 213-215 Financial Crisis, 215 Administration of Duncan Stewart, 215 Juan Idiarte Borda, President, 1894, 215-221 Revival of Corruption, 216 Boundary Dispute between Bolivia and Uruguay, 1894, 191 Congressional Elections, 1896, 216 Revolution under Aparicio Saraiva and Col. Diego Lamas, 1897, 216-220 Fighting at Arbolito, Cerro Colorado, etc., 218-219 The Venus Insurgent Expedition, 219- 220 Armistice and Peace Negotiations, 220 Assassination of President Borda, 1897, 220-221, 226 Juan Lindolfo Cuestas, President, 1897, 221-223 Peace, 221-222 Policy of the New Administration, 222 Juan Lindolfo Cuestas, President, 1899, 223 Military Revolt, 1899, 223 Jose Batlle y Ordonez, President, 1903, 223 Blanco Rebellion, 223-224 Climate, 224 Population, 224 Education, 208, 225-226 Administration of Justice, 226 National Character, 226 Religion, 227 Railways, Waterways, etc., 227-228 Agriculture, etc. , 228-230, 651 Landed Proprietors, 230 Uruguay River, 132, 137, 141, 144-146 Uruguay, Warship, 132 Uruguayana, Brazil, 146-147, 255 Uspallata Pass, Argentina, 356 Uyuni, Bolivia, 356 Valderrama, Adolfo, of Chile, 338 Valdivia, Chile, 416, 421, 431 Valencia, Venezuela, 635 Valentine Hills, Paraguay, 179 Valenzuela, Major Marco Aurelio, of Chile, 347, 350 Valenzuela, Paraguay, 183 Valiente, Bernardo, 181 Valle, Dr del, of Peru, 1881, 495 Valle, Dr Aristobulo del, Partisan of the Union Civica in Argen- tina, 1887, 75, 76, 79 Dr del Valle's Ministry, 1893, 100-101 Other Reference, 46 Valparaiso, Chile : Bombardment by Spanish, 1866, 326- 327, 509 Skirmish at Valparaiso, Jan. , 1891, 346 Occupation by Congressional Troops, Aug., 1891, 379-380 The Baltimore Incident, Aug., 1891, 380, 392-396 Other References to Town and Pro- vince, 364, 365-366, 368, 373-376, 410-413, 418, 421, 431 Varela, Senor, of Argentina, 1869, 181 Varela, Dr Hector, of Buenos Aires, 1871, 41 Varela, Don Jose, 206, 209 Varela, Dr Pedro, President of Uruguay, 1868, 198 President of Uruguay, 1875, 206-208 Varela, Rufina, 46 Vargas, Col., of Chile, 380 Veintemiila, Gen., of Ecuador, 578-580 Vela, Velasco Nunez de, 11 Velarde, Gen. Manuel, Peruvian Com- mander, 459, 470, 495, 523 Velarde, Lieut., 452 Velasco, Gen. , President of Bolivia, 30, 31 Velasquez, Gen. Jose, of Chile, 348, 482 Velesco, Gen., of Bolivia, 562 Velez, Gen., of Colombia, 596 Venezuela : Caracas and Emancipation from Spanish Rule, 20 Rebellion under Simon Bolivar, 21 Bolivar, Dictator, 1813, 21 Gen. Paez's Operations against the Spanish, 22 Venezuela and New Granada under Colombia, 1819, 22 Battle of Carabobo, 1821, 22 INDEX 695 Venezuela — continued Separation from Colombia, 1830, 27 Gen. Paez, President, 1830, 28 Gen. Monagas, President, 1847, 28 Internal Dissensions since 1830, 617- 618 Struggle between the Yellows and the Blues, 618 Gen. Guzman Blanco, Dictator, 1870- 89, 28, 618-621, 633, 635, 642 Revolt under Gen. Salazar crushed 1872, 619 Boundary Dispute with British Guiana, 1887, 620-621 Gen. Lopez and Dr Rojas Paul, 1887- 89, 619-620 Conspiracy in 1889, 620 Gen. Blanco deposed, 1889, 620 Gen. Palacios, President, 1889, 621 Settlement of Boundary Dispute with Colombia, 1891, 595 Revolt under Gen. Joaquin Crespo, 1892, 621 Provisional Government, 621 Gen. Crespo, President, 1894, 621-628, 633 Revolt under Dr Rojas Paul, 621 Boundary Dispute with British Guiana, 1895-99, 622-628, 654 The Uruan Incident, 622-623 Venezuela and the United States, 623 United States and Great Britain, 623 President Cleveland's Message to Congress, Dec. 1895, 623-624 The Cleveland Commission, 1896, 627 The Arbitration Tribunal in Paris, 1897, 628 The Award of the Tribunal, Oct. 1899, 628 Sehor Andrade, President, 1898, 629 Revolt, 1898, 629 Death of Gen. Crespo, 1899, 630 Victory of the Revolution, 630 Gen. Castro, President, 1899, 630 Gen. Castro, President, 1902, 630-631 Question of Compensation for Damage to Foreign Residents, 1902, 630- 631 La Guayra blockaded by England, Germany, and Italy, 1902, 631 Award of the Hague Tribunal, Feb. 22, 1904, 631 Law of Constitution, 621, 631-632 Political Divisions, 831-632 Seditious Practices, 632 Revolutionary Tendencies, 632 Climate and Topography, 633-634 Population, 634-635 Municipalities, 635 Education, 635-636 Venezuela — continued Administration of Justice, 636 Religion, 637-638 Marriage, 637-638 National Character, 638-639 Agriculture and Industries, 639-640 Mineral Resources, 641-642 Transport, 642 Financial Situation, 643-645 Future Prospects, 645-646 Venus, Brazilian Merchant Ship, 1879, 263 ; Brazilian Armed Transport, destroyed, 1894, 279 Venus, Insurgent Expedition to Uru- guay, 1897, 219-220 Vera, Gregorio, of Chile, 358 Vergara, Col., Chilian Minister of War, 1880, 480 Vergara, Col. Jose, Chilian Commander, 1879-80, 461, 469-470 Vergara, Jose Francisco, of Chile, 336, 337 Vergara, Luis, of Chile, 385 Vergara, Ramon Donoso, of Chile, 340 Vespucci, Amerigo, and Bahia, 12 Victorica, Naval Commander, 98-99, 107 Vicuna, Claudio, of Chile, 340, 341, 342, 364, 380, 387, 391, 409 Vicuna, Nicolas Pefia, of Chile, 338 Vidal, Dr Francisco A., President of Uruguay: 1880,209-210; 1886,211 Vieyra, and Brazil, 13 Villa de Madrid, Spanish Warship, 326, 509 Villa del Pilar, Paraguay, 164, 172 Villa del Salto, Uruguayan Warship, 132 Villagran, Col. , Chilian Commander, 466 Villagras, Col., of Chile, 351 Villalba, Dr, of Uruguay, 135 Villamil, Col., 459-461 Villar, Gen., Commander in Uruguay, 219 Villaran, Sefior, of Peru, 527 Villegaignon, Fort, Brazil, 263, 265, 268, 269, 279, 280 Villegas, Col., of Chile, 1891, 355 Villegas, Gen., Peruvian Commander, 1879, 463 Villeta, Paraguay, 174, 177 Vina del Mar, Chile, 371-376 Vinces River, 588 Vine-Growing in Chile, 429 Viso, Dr, of Cordoba, 49, 52 Vivanco, Gen., of Peru, 507 Vosges, M. de, French Minister in Peru, 488 Vulcarel in Argentina, 24 Wandenkolk, Adm. ^ MAY 91 5!=f|r N- MANCHESTER,. 