None
in toxon molecule, 209 Haptophore groups bCKly, complementophile, 228 cytophile, 228 Hauser, discovery of Bacillus prot«us vulgaris by, 454 Heat, in destruction of bacteria, 65 dry and moist, comparison of, 06 effect of various degrees of, 85 moist, advantages of. 66 penetrsting power of, 67 in eterilixation of culture medim, 121 > Gooj^lc INDEX OF SUBJECTS llrnt Hterilization, 6S dry, 68 by burning, 6S by hot sir, 08 moist, 09 by boiling, OB by fractional at«riliEation, TO by live steam, 00 by eUam under pressure, 71 Hektoen and Kuediger on structure of opsonins, 283 Hemagglutining, 235 Hematogen, 536 Hemolysin, immune, 226 Hemolysins of Staphylococcus pyogenes of Strpptococcus pyogenes, 344 specificity of, 248 varieties ofi Butoiysins, 248 heterolynins, 248 isolysins, 248 Hemolysis, 201, 225 Hemolytic eerum, 205 Hemolytic teats, 259 obtaining blood for, 2S9 in large quantities, 2fl0 in small quantities, 269 standard concentration of red blood cells for, 250 Hemolytic unit, ditflnition of, 265 Hemoproteus columbie, form and devel- opment of, 761 invert^rate boat of, 701 life history of, 703" occurrence of, 701 Hemoproteus noctuip, 750 Hemoproteus Kiemani, 761 Hemorrhagic septicemia bacilli, S61 morphology of, 661 staining of, 661 varieties of: bacillus of chicken cholera, 552 Bacillus pestis, 554 bacillus of swine plague, 568 Hemosporidia, form and development of, Tfil) hemoproteus columba. 701 Hemosporidia, pinoplasmidn, 767 proteoaoma ( plasinodluin ) pracox, 763 Hepatotoxin, 201 Herpetomonada, T5S Hease's medium for eolon-typbold dif- ferentiation, 133 HeterolyiiDB, 248 Hides, tanning of, bacteria in, 720 Hiss' agar'gelatin medium, isolation of typhoid bacillus in Bt4Ml« by, 407 Hiss' leucocyte extract theory and therapy, 289 Hiss' methods of staining capsules, 98 Hiss' platii^ media for colon- typhoid differentiation, 13<1 Hiss' tube medium f6r eolon- typhoid ■differentiation, 193 Hias' serum water media for fermenta- tion tests, 132 "Hog■^;holera" bacilli, 430 differentiation of, from swine plague bacillus, 664 HSgyes, dilution method of, in treat- ment of rabies, 050 Horse meat, detection of, by precipitin tesU, 264 Horses used in production of diph- theria antitoxin, 216-217 of tetanus antitoxin, 221 Howard and Perkins, discovery of Streptococcus mucosus by, 350 Huntson's method of ataining capsules, Hydrocyanic gas, destruction of ro- dents by fumigation with, 92 Hydrogen, formation of, by bacteria, 165 in nutrition of bacteria, 28 Hydrogen peroxid as disinfectant, 76 Hydrogen aulphid formed by bacteria, 1S5 Hydrophobia. Bee RabiM Hypersusceptibility. See AnapbTlwcis Hyphomycetes, 636 conditions favorable ti> growtk of. 638 disc a caused by, 639 fligitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS llyphomycetei, diseBsra causpd by, /»■ vus, 042 pityriaBiB versicolor, 639 ringworm, 643 thrUHh, 040 disenHee sometimes accompanied by, 044 monilia, 641 morphiiloKy of, 636 reproduction of, 636 mycomycetes in, 638 Aspergillus variety in, 637 Peniciilium variety in, 637 Bporuiation by other methodB in, «37 phycomyeeteB in, Muoorin« vari- tty of, 635 Bexual reproduction of, 636 structural classification of, 636 varieties of, 635 myeomycetes, 636 morpholofiy of (typical), 635, 036 asens pores in, 636 conidia (or aporefl) in, 63B conidinphores in, 637 byphfll branches (septate) in, 837 mycelial threads (septate) in, 637 steri^ata (septate) in. 037 morphology of (less frequent forms of), 637 a)i..'<Mipore« in. 637 ehlamydonpores in. 636 phycdmyeeten, 635 morphology of (typical), 635- 630 rolnmella in, 636 hyphal branches in. 636 i' " mycelial threads (non-septate) Rporangin , 6.16 morphiilogy of sexual re] -ticm forms of. 036 (fBnietnphores in. 638 lygimporps in, 636 "Immune body" in blood serum, 226 in Ehrlich's theory of lytic process in blood serum, 226 haptophore groups of, 228 complementophile, 22S cytophile, 226 Immunity, absolute, 100 acquired, 192 definition of, 190, 192 active, 1S3 artificial, 193 definition of, 193 experimentation with attenuated cultures tor, 193 with bacterial products for. 195 with dead l>act«ria for. 195 with sublethal doses of fully vir- ulent bacteria for, 196 definition of, 160 natural. 190 individual, 191 of races, 191 of species, 190 passive, 198 relation of, to phagocytotic powers in animals, 279 Immunization, active, with neutralized diphtheria toxin. 527 bloM the seat of, 198 Incubation of cultures, 166 incubators in, 168 gas-pressure regulalors for, 160 thermo- regulators for, 160 Tndigo production, bacteria in. 720 Individual immunity, 191 in higher animals, 192 in lower animals, 191 Inilol production by bacteria, 167 Industries, bacteria in, 719 Infantile splenomegaly, oi^nism of. 758 Infection, definition of, 181 j fundamental factors in, 181 paths of, 163 inner, 184 outer, 183 Infectiousness, definition of. 162 due to number of bacteria, 182 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Infectiousness, due to variations in virulence, 183 Influenza, epidemic of, in 1689-90, 636 organs attacked in, 640 Influenza bacillus, 636 bacteria related to, 641 Bacillus murisepticus, 642 bacillus of pi euro- pneumonia, 642 Bacillus rbnsiopathic, 942 Kocb-Weeks bacillus, 542 pseudo- influenza bacillus, 541 biology of, 640 isolation and cultivation of, 637 on agar and gelatin, 637 blood added tn, 637 hematogen added in, 63S morphology and staining of, S36 pathogenicity of, S40 in experimental inoculation of »»!■ mala, 541 organs attacked in, 640 suaceptibility of animals to. 641 Infusoria, balantidium coli, 792 chlamyJozoa, 793 claases of, 792 distinguishing feature* of, 792 Inhibition, coefltclent of, 80 Inhibition strengths of various antisep- tics, 84 Inoculation of animals, 170 intraperitoneal, 172 intravenous, 172 subcutaneous, 171 Inoculation of media, 141 technique of transferring bacterift in, 141 vims used In transferring bacteria in, 141 Insusceptibility of cold-blooded ani- mals, 190 Intravital method' of Nakanishl in study of bacteria, 94 Inulin media, 132, 360 Invasion, paths of, 183 inner. 184 outer, 183 Inversion by fermentation, 42 Invertase, 49 Iodoform as disinfectant, 77 lodin, tetrachlorid of, as disinfectant, 7a tincture of, for skin aterilization, 76 Iron compounds in nutritiim of bM- teria, 29 Iso-a^lutinins, 261 table for, 261 Isobemolysins, 261 Isolation of bacteria, 142 early methods of, 143 present methods of, 143 Gimarch roll tubes in, 147 Koeb's plates in, 144 surface streaking in, I4S Isolysins, 248 Israel, discovery of actinomycee of m*n by, 622 jACKSO^t's lactose>bile medium for co- lon-typhoid differentiation, 137 Jenner's discovery of immuniiation in smallpox by t Kala-azab, due to leishmanla dona- vani, 757 symptoms of, 767 Katalyeers, deflnition of, 42 enzymes and, analogy between, 42 Ketyr, 702 Kendall's modification of Endo's medi- um for coloD-typhoid differentiation, 136 Kitasato, discovery of Bacillus tetani by, 466 discovery of plague bacillubby, 664 Kitasato filter, 123 Klebs, discovery of diphtheria bacillus by, 612 Koch, discovery of cholera spirillum by, 582 discovery*ot tubercle bacillus by, 470 Koch plates In isolation of bacteria, 144 Koch-Weeks bacillus, 642 Koumys, 702 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS L+, definition of, 208 Ld, deBDition of, 207 Lftb enzymes, 46 LdcUse, 60 Lactic-acid bacilli in therapy of gastro- inteBtioa) autointoxication, 716 Lactic-acid fermentation, 60 bacteria of, SO in milk, 701 Lactose-bile medium, Jackson'e, for colon-typhoid differentiation, 137 Lactose-litmus agar, 120 Laked blood, 226 T^mblis intestinalie, 739 Langenbeck, discovery of Oldium albi- cans by, 640 LautenscbUger's tbermo -regulator, 158, 169 Leishmania, 7SS I^tshmania braziliensia, 769 Leishmania donovani, animal patho- genicity of, 758 ae cause of Kala-azar, 757 morphology of, 767 transmiaBion of, 758 Leighmania infantum. 759 Leiahmania nilotica, 750 Leishmania tropica, 768 Leprolin,. 602 Leprosy, 506 bacillus of, 602, 606 cultivation of, 600 by Clegg, 506 by Duval, 506 differentiation of, from tubercle ba- cillus by staining, 106. 506 inoculation with, 507, 500 morphology of, 505 occurrence of, in body, 608 pathogenicity of, ,607 relation of, to tubercle bacillus, 609 staining of, 505 toxic products of, 609 clinical varieties of, 608 contagiousness of, 609 in rats. 510 of, 607 Leprosy, tuberculin administered in, reaulU of, 610 Leptotbris, 619 morphology of, 618 Leucocidin of Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, 320 action of, upon leucocytes, 330 discovery of, 329 leucotoxin differentiated from, 331 obtaining of, 330 Leucocyte extract, 289 effect of, upon infections in animals, 290 in man, 201 experimentation vith, 291 obtaining of, 200 Leucotoxin, 201, 331 LiboriuH' method of anoErobic cultiva- tion of bacteria, 149 Light in destruction of bacteria, 63 action of, 64 resistance to, 63 varieties of, 64 Lime, chlorid of, aa disinfectant, 76 Limes death, definition of, 208 Limes eero, 207 "Limex amebK," 723 Linen, etc., disinfection of, 87 Ton Lingetsheim, discovery of Diplococ- discovery of Micrococcus pbaryngis siccus by, 387 Lipase, 47 Liver and gall-bladder, inflammatory conditions of, attributed to colon bacillus, 396 Lobar pneumonia, infectiousness of, S62 Loeffler and SchUtz, discovery of glan- ders bacillus by, 628 Loeffler's malachite-green media, isola- tion of typhoid bacillus in stools by, 409 Loeffler's method of staining fla^lla, 100 Loeffler's serum medium, 131 Lustgarten, discovery of smegma ba- cillus by. 603 Lynchia lividocolor, 76) D,j,i,i.aL, Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS X-Tiichia maura, 701 Lysina, 224 action of, Bordet'a interpretation of, 226 compared with Ehrlich's, 226, 228 mDmarr of, 228 iOirlieh's tbeory of, 226 compared with Bordet's, 22A complement in, 226. immune body in, 220 formation of, 226 baptoplfbre groups in, 22fl corapiementophiie, 228 cytophile, 228 red corpuscle in, 227 side chains or receptors in, 220 over-production of, 220 in blood sprum, 22S experimentation in, 224 in immune blood serum, reactiTated by normal serum, 226 in normal blood serum, Bordet's the- or; of, 226 alexin in, 225 sensitizing substance in, 226 investigation of, by EbrUch, 220 Lysol. 7B Lyasa. See Rabiea Maahsen filter, 124 MaoConkey's bile-salt agar, for eolon- typhoiif dJfTerentiation, 138 MacNeal'a stain. 797 Macrophages, definition of, 270 Madura foot. 789 traDsmisaion of piroplaBniid^ liy, 789 Mermorek'a geriini for tuberculoHi», 498 Mastigophora, delinitioD of. 721, 738 pulymaatiffina. 738 protomonadina, 740 Meaales, «7G iDVi«ti(;ation for virus of, 675 by Hektoen, 67S by Home, 676 Meat, determination of nature of, by precipitin teats, 'ZS4 useil for culture media, 115 soluble. 116 Meat extract, 110 Meat-extract agar, 127 Meat^xtract broth, 124 Meat-extract gelatin, 126 Meat-infusion agar, 126 Meat-infusinn broth, 124 Meat-infusion gelatin. 127 Meat- poisoning bacilli, 429. 476 Meningitis, microorganisms causing. 371 primary, 371 secondary, 371 serum therapy of, 378 Meninf(ocuceiis. See Micrococcus intrs- cellulnris meningitidis Menozoitis, 760 Metachromatic granulea, I) Metacresol as diainfectant, 77 Metchnikoff's therapy of gaatrointesti- nal autointoxication by means of Bacillun buigaricus, 716-717 by means of lactic-acid bacilli, 717 Mice, method of injecting, intravenoua- 1y. 173 "Microbe de la coqueluche," 543 Micrococci, 321. 8e€ alto Staphylo- Hicrococcus, 36 Micrococcus catarrhalis, 386 differentiation of, from goDOCoecus, 386 from meningococcus, 386 Micrococcus intracellular is manin^ti- dis, 371 cultivation ot, 374 oxygen in, 376 viability of organiara in, 376 differentiation of, fiwm Micrococcus catarrhalis, 386 early observation of, 371-372 immunir^tion against, 378 agglutinins in immune sera in, 378 modes of inoculation of, 377 morplxilogy of, 373 parameningococcus and. 379 pathogenicity of, 376 in animals. 377 in man, 370 pnendomeningococcus differentiated from, 379 resistance of, 376 staining of, 374 HUHceptibility of animals to, 377 viability of. 375 MicrocoFcus melitenais, 546 cultivation of, 550 morphology and staining of, 650 pharyngis siccus. 387 tetragenus, 333 cultivation of, 333 pathogenicity of, ^33 Microorganisms, diacovery of, I pathogenic. ,321 Microphagea, definition of, 276 Microacopic study of l)acteria, 93 in flxed preparationa, 94 procesa of, 04. See also tinder Staining in living state, 93 by hanging block method, 94 by hanging drop method. 93 by intravital method of Nakanishi, 94 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Wicrospira, 37 Wiprosporon furfur, 839 clinical piptiira of infpction of, 631) cultivBlion of, 640 morphoIo(r\- of, 639 Milk, alcoholic fprtiMmUtion in, 702 anthrax bacilli in, 707 I, 6IKI butler a means of transinitting, 711 biitt«r-making aitlpi] by, 711 cheese-makinjt aided hy, 714 nunihers of, 700 mtimatin); of, 7l>f> propagation of, 700 Bourcps of. 01)9 under ordinarily hygienic condi- tions. 6»9 varieties of, 701 "bitler." 703 biilyric-ncid fermentation in, 702 certified, 701 eliolera trneert to, 705 contpilation of casein in, 702 color chingrs in, 703 (Iinrr)i<-a1 iJiseasi^ frnei'd to, 705 iliphtheria traecd to. 703 footand-mouth disenRe vims in, TOO lactic-ncid frrmcnialion in, 701 pasteurization of, 7O0 pus cells and leuiwcytes in. 70« relation of, to infections diseases, 703 scarlet fpver traced to, 704 "sTimy," 703 streptoeocei in, 705 etreplococciis tbroat infections con- veyed by, 343, 70(1 supervision of anjiply of, 700 tuherclp bacilli in. 707 infection from, 708 precautions against, 708 dairy inspoetion in, 708 tuberculin test of cows in, 708 transmis-uion of, from cow, 707 typhoid fever epidemics traced to. 703 1.30 Mitibrand, 563 Moeller'g method of staining epores,. 08 Moisture, relation of, to bftcteria, 34 hloitessicr's gaB-pressure regulator, 169 Alolds. See Hypbomveetes Monilia, 641 Morax-Axenfeld bacillus, 54S cultivation of, -VO morphology and staining of, 546 pathogenicity of, 6-17 Motility of bacteria, 14 by tlagella, 14 Brownian, 14 effect of temperature on, 16 molecular, 14 organs of, 13 true, 14 Arucorina, reproduction in, 635-636 MuRuet. See Thrush Multiplicity of amboceptors in normal sera, 242 of complement in normal sera, 242 "Murrina de caderas." 747 Mycetoma, clinical picture of, 627 granules in, 627 melanoid, 627 cultivation of, 627-628 morpl)o1ogy of, 627 ochroid, 627 Mj'comycetea, 035 of, 745 parasite of, 745 tranomiaaion of. 746 Nakanishi, "intravital" staining meth- od of, in study of bacteria, 94 Negri bodies in cent ml nervous sya- tcm in rxbien, 648' demonstration of, 648 diagnosis of rabies by, 650 explanation of. 650 eignineanee of. 651 staining of. 108 Neisaer. discovery of Diplococcua gon- orrhirs by, 380 discovery of lepra bacilUia hy. 506 NeoBporidia. Set Sarcosporidia , Gooj^lc INDEX OF SUBJECTS N'ephrotoxin, 201 Neufeld and Rimpau's disco very of opsonic subatancee, 282 NeuTotoiin, 201 Neutral-red mediam for colon-typhoid differentiation, I3B '■New tuberculin" (Koch), 481 "New tutierculin-bkcillary emulsion," 492 Nitrate-Mlution broth, 126 Nitrifying bacteria, 67 action of, 58 agricultural importance of. 68 Nitrogen, for preparation of anaerobic conditions, 151 Nitrogen fixation by bacteria, 54 microorganiBm of, 54 in root tuberclen, S5 experimentation on, 56 microorganism of, 55 process of, 56 in soil, 64 Nitrogen in nutrition of bacteria, 28 sources of supply of, 28 Noguchi's modification of Wasaer- mann test for syphilis, 269 Novy jar, 154 Nucleus in bacterial cell. 10 Nutrient media. See Culture media Nutrition of bacteria, 26 carbon in, 25 hydrogen in, 28 nitrogen in, 26 oxyf^en in, 25 satto in, 29 Obermeikb, discovery of spirochntes of retapHing fever by, 606 Obligatory aerobes, 26 Obligatory anaerobes, 26 Oldium albicans, 640 discovery of, 640 morphology of, 640 varieties of. discovery of bacillus of malignant edpma by, 488 discovery of Diplococcua pneumonite by, 363 technique of, in rabies therapy, 652 Pasteurization of milk, 709 Pathogenic bacteria, 182, 321 Pathogenic protozoa. See Protozoa Pathogenicity, fundamental factors of, 181 of bacteria, 192 Penicillium, reproduction in. 637 Pepton-sait solution broth. 126 Perez bacillus of ozcrna, 462 Pericardial exudates, bacteriological examination of, 175 Peritoneal exudates, bacteriological ex- amination of, 176 Peritonitis following perforation at- tributed to colon bacillus, 394 Perlsucht, 498 Pernicious anemia and Bacillus aero- genes eapsulatus, 177 Petri disb, 116, 144 Petruechky. discovery of Bacillus feca- lis alkaligenee by, 26, 427 PfeifTer, discovery of influenza bacillus by, 536 discover; of Micrococcus catacrbulis by, 386 discover; of pseudo-influenza bacillus by, 541 Phagocytic index, 286 Phagocytosis, 276 eells active in, 270 "fixed," 276 macrophages, 276 microphages, 276 "wandering," 276 cells of animal origin in, 278 cheniotaxie in. 277 complement or, "cytasc" in, 279 definition of, 276 dependence of, on opsonins, 281-282 diminution of. upon introduction of bacteria without opsonic serum, 282 immune body or "fixator" in, 279 immunity and, 270 in higher animals, 276 in protozoa, 276 increase of, upon the introduction of opsonic substances in serum, 282 macrophages in. 276 MetchnikolT's theor; of, 276 opposition to, 270 microphages in, 276 process of, in the body upon intro- duction of bacteria, 277 upon introduction of nutrient broth, 276 susceptibility of various microorgan- isms to, 279 variety of phagocyte in, determined by the bacterium, 278 Phenol production by bacteria, 167 Phosphates in the nutrition of bacteria, 29 Phosphorescence produced by bacteria, 59 Phragmidiothrix, 37 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Phjeomyeetei, 636 Pigment, formation of, by bactcTia, 69 chemical nature of, 69 cultural conditions on, 00 Plroplasniids, as cause of Southern cattle fever, 787 clinical observations on, 788 familf of, 787 morphology of, TS7 transraiasion of, T8S Pityriasis versicolor, 639 clinical picture of, 039 niicroorgaaiBm causing. Bet Micro- sporon furfur orcurrence of, 639 Plafpje. bacillus of, 6S4 bioli^^ of, EST control of, \>y fumigation with bydrocjianic gas, 92 degeneration formg of, 20 imrauniiatioB against, 661 active, 661 involution forms of, on salt agar, 557 isolation and cultivation of, 666 lesions in animals produced by, 559 morphology of, 666 pathogenicity of, S58 relation of rats to, 660 resistance of, 657 staining of, 556 toxins of, 561 transmission of. SSO varintions in virulence of, 659 viability of. 1 pneumococcne I streptococcus rum, 347 Ith f KitisvrK, 236 I. 364 nature of, 236 speciRcity of, 237 Pressure, relation of, to bacteria, 34 Proagglutinoids, 236 Proteid differentiation by complement fixation, 273 substances necessary for, 273 technique of, 274 by precipitins, 237, 254 Proteid injections, anaphylaxis in, 205 Bee alao Anaphylaxis Proteids in bacterial eel], 22 Protein solutions for precipitin tests, preparation of, 254 Proteins, bacterial, 166 Proteolytic enzymes, 43 action of, 44 in breaking doRn animal excreta, 46 bacteria producing, 44 proteids necessary to, 44 ptomains produced by, 45 ProteoBoma ( Plasmodium) precox, 763 Proteus group, bacilli of, 454, 455 cultivation of, 464 morphology and staining of, 464 occurrence of, 454 pathogpnicity of, 456 Protomonadina, 740 bodonidie, 740 prowazekia, 740 cercomodidfe, 740 Cercomonas bominls, 740 definition of, 740 trypanisnmidtt, 740 Protozoa, classification of, 721 definition and functions of, 721 infusoria (ciliata), 792 mastigophora ( flagellata ) , 721, 738 sarcodina (rbizopoda), 721, 723 sporo/oa, 722, 760 technique of blood examinations for, 795 Protozoa and bacteria, differentiation of, 1 staining of, 109 Prowazekia, 740 Pseudo-dysentery bacillus, 437, 438 Pseudo-infiucnza bacilluR, 541 pHpudo -membranes in diphtheria, 518 Pneiidnraeningococcus, 379 Pseudomonas, 37 Digitized by GOOJ^Ie 840 INDEX OF SUBJBTTS Ptumains, 45, t85, 300 bacterial paisona snd, 18S dincovery of, 185 occurrence of, 186 tnxina diRtinguishiHl from, 45 varipties of, 45 TuH, bacteriological examination of, 175 Pus cells and leucoej-tes in milk, 70fl riitrefnction, action of, 44 I'll tref active bacteria, quantitative an- alysis of, 21 Putrescin. 45 Pyemia, definition of, 184 Pyocjanaw. 580 immunizinjc powers of. 680 Pyocyanin, 578 I'yopyanolyBin, 581 PyrogRllic acid, nee. of, in cultivation of anaerobic bacteria, 152 Qi'AirrAN fever, parasite of, 770 symptoms of, 776 Quinine, blackwatcr fever precipitated by, 786 Rabirr. 840 coiirsp of, 047 in animals. 647 in men, 048 cultivation of organism of, by No)(u- chi, 051 diaRnosiH of, by presence of Nej^ri bodies in central nervous system, 048-050 experimental infection of, 040 incubation in, 047 Nejfri bodies in central nervous sys- tem, 048 demonstration of, 648 by Van Gieson's method, G49 by Williams and Lowden's meth- od, 060 stninin^; in, 4140 Mann's method of, 040 diagnoaia bf, 049-050 Rabies, occurrence of, 646 pathology of, 648 specific therapy of (Paeteur'a tech- nique), 662 attenuation and preparation of virtu px€ in, 652 inoculation of rabbits with vtrua fixe in, 652 spinal cord of inoculat«d rabbits in deaiccntioD of, 6S3 emulsiOcatioD of, 654 treatment of casea with injections of spinal-cord solution in, SS4 HOgyes dilution method In, 656 scheme of, used at Pasteur In- stitute, 664- used in New York Department of Health. 655 virulence of virus of, 647 Racial immunity. 191 "Rage." See Rabies Rat, relation of, to plague, 560 Rat-bite fever, 617 Rat leprosy, SID relation of, to human leprosy, 51 1 Rauschbrand. See Bacillus of sympto- matic anthrax Receptors of toxin molecule in side- chain theory, 213 chemical action of, 213 over-production of, 214 Red blood cells, antibodies produced by, 200 Reducing powers of bacteria, 167 Refractive index of parts of bacterial cell, 24 Reichel filter, 122 Reichert's thermo- regulator. 158. 150 Relapsing fever, 605 immunity In, 610 symptoms of, 008 transmission of. 010 varieties of, 009 Relapsing fever spirochete, 005 cuUivaHon of, 606 morphology and staining of, 605 pathogenicity of, 008 in animals, 608 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS 841 Belapsing fever Bpfrochnte, pathogenic- ity of, in nan, SOS B^mptomB of, 608 transmiaaion of, 610 varieties of, 600 Reproduction of bacteria, IT Kesiatance of, definition of, 189 Khinosclerotna, bacillus of, 451 RhiEopoda, Bee Sarcodina Ricin, eaperimentatioD with, 204 Ringvorm, 643 Rodents, deatmctiou of, by hydrocyanic gas, 92 Root tubercles, 55 microorganism of nitrogen flxation in, 55 Roux'h method of anaErobic cultivation of bacteria, 140 Russell's double sugar agar fot colon- typhoid differentiation, 138 Sacchaboutceteb. Bee Yeasts and Yeut cells Salts in nutrition of bacteria, 28 Saprophytes, bacterial, 20, 30 definition of, 182 Sarcina, 36 Sarcodina, amebe, 723 SarcophysematouH bovia. Bee Bacillus of symptomatic anthrax Sarcosporidia, TDI Scarlatina. See Scarlet fever Scarlet fever, 676 favorable influence of streptococcus antisera in, 676 streptococci present in, 676 traced to milk, 704 Schsudinn and HoRmann. discovery of Spirochvta pallida by, 504 Schizomycetes, 36 Schizonta, 760 Schizotrypanum cruzi, 756 Schweineseuche, 653 Scorpion poison, antitoxin for. 109 "Sensitization" of antigen, 241 Septicemia, definition of, 184 diagnosis of, by isolation of bacteria from the blood, 176 Septicemia, due to colon -bacillus infec- tion, 304 hemorrhagic See Hemorrhagio sep- ticemia Serum media, 131 Loeffler's, 131 Serum reactions, technique of, 2B0 See alao under individual tests agglutination tests in, 261 antigen determined in, by comple- ment fixation, 271 for typhoid fever, 271 obtaining of material for, 271 test in, 272. bactericidal and bacteriolytic tests in, 25G complement fixation in, for deter- mination of antibodies, 262 for determination of antigen, 271 for proteid differentiation, 273 hemolytic testa in, 250 precipitin testa in, 253 proteid difTerentiation by comple- ment fixation in, 273 Bubstancefl necessary for, 273 test , 274 Wassermann test in, 263 modifications of, 26S "Serum sickness," 206 Serum water media for fermentation testa, 132 Shick reaction, for determining pres- ence of diphtheria antitoxin in blood, 626 Shiga, discovery of dysentery bacillus by, 435 Shigs'a bacillus, 435 cultural characteristics of, 436 morphology of, 435 Side- chain theory of toxin-antitoxin reaction, 212 chemical action in, 213 elements of molecules In, 213 atom group, 213 side chains or receptors, 213 over-production of receptors in, 214 Side chains, action of, in Ehrlich's tfae- Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS 017 of lytic process in blood Benun, Slanting of culture media, 123 Sleeping Bickness. See TrypanoBomi- "Slimj" milk, bacteria caaning, 703 Smallpox, «57 etiological factor of, 6ST immunization in, eS8 by vaccination, 650, 66 S Jcnner'B discovery of, 66» techni<iue of. flU3 value of, 663 production of vaccine for, 047. See also under Vaccine occurrence of, 657 protozoan incitant of, rcaearch for, 657 relation of chicken-pox to, 660 relation of cowpox to, 659 trnnemission of, 656 vaccine bodies in, discovery of, 657 explanationa for, 063 Ewing's, 663 Smegma bacillus, 502, 603, 6D4 cnltivation of, 504 morphology of, 503 occurrence of, 503 staining of, 504 identification of bacillus by, 504 tubercle bacillus and, differentiation between, by stains, 106 Smith's modification of Pitfield's meth- od of Htaining flagella, 101 Snake poison, antitoxin for, 190 Soil, bacteria in, 686 from burial of infected cadavers, 687 in agricultural regions. 63S numerical estimation of. 6X7 pathogenic, in surface layerB, 6B8 Solutions, saturated, for staining of bacteria, 05 staining-power of, 96 Soor. 97 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS 843 Spores, bacterid), 16 formation of, 16 germination of, IT pogition of. IT relation of temperature to cultures witli, 33 varieties of, IS arthrospores, 16 true or enilosporea, 16 vegetative forma from, 17 Sporonta, 7C0 Sporotrichosis, 644 Rporotoa, hemosporiilia, 760 sareoBporidia, 7»1 subctaafleB of. neosporidia, 791 lelnHporidia, 760 Sporulation, physiological significance of. 17 procees of, 16 Sprue, tropical, 840 Sputum, disinfection of, 87 Stable autitoxin, 206 Staiuinj:; of bacteria, chemical princi- ples in process of. 96 acid-fast haeteria xtains. 104 Rauingarten'a method, 106 Bun)^ and Trauten roth's melh* od, 106 Ehrlich's method. 104 Gabbet'e method, 106 Pappenheim's method, 106 Ziehl-NeeUon method. 106 capsule ataina, 98 Buerger's method. 99 HiBs' methods, 9S copper sulphate, 98 HuntBon's method, »8 Wadaworth's inetliud, 99 Welch's method. 98 ditTerential Ntains, 102 Gram's method, 102 claBsification by, 104 Pnltanf'B inodil!cation of, 103 Sterling's modiflcatioD of, t03 jiagclla Btains, 100 Lbeffler's method, 100 Smith's modificatioD of Pitfield's method, 101 Staining of bacteria, chetnical princi- ples ill process of, flagella stains. Van Ermengem'a method, 101 polychrome atains, 107 Oiemsa's method, 108 Jenner's method, 108 Wood's method, 109 Wright's modiRcation of Leish- man's method, 108 special stains for^polar bodies, 107 Neisser's method, 107 Roux's method, 107 spore stains, S7 Abbott's method, 97 Moeller's method, 98 staining in tissues, 110 for actinomyces in seations, 112 for Gram-positive bacteria. Ill Grara-Weigert method. Ill in celloidin Beetioni>. Ill in paraflin sections. III for tubercle bacilli in sections. 112 in celloidin sections. 112 in paraIGn sections, 112 LoefHer'B method, 112 saturated solutions used in. 96 staining solutions in, power of, 98 steps in process of: ( 1 ) smearing, 94 (2) drying. 95 (3) fixing. 95 (4) staining. 96 (5) washing. 95 (6) blotting, 96 (7) mounting. 96 Standardieation of diphtlieria anti- toxin, 218 of tetanus antitoxin, 221 Staphylococci, 321. flee also "under in- dividual staphylococci definition of, 321 in fecea, 177 Staphylococcus epidermidis sibus, 332 Staphylococcus pyogenes albus. 332 Staphylococcua pyogenes aureus, 322 cultural characters of. 323 immunizaUon against, 331 D,j,i,i.aL, Google 844 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus, immu- nization agaiuet, active, 332 agglutinins in. 331 modes of inoculation with, 327 morphology of, 322 pnthogenicity of, 320 in animals, 327 in man, 327 l>igmcnt formation of, 326 rpsintance of, 325 to cht^micals, 32S to desiccation, 326 to heat and cold, 325 staining of, 322 siisivptibitity of animals ta, 326 susceptibility of man to, 327 thermal death point of, 325 toxic producU of, 328 endi)liixtns, 32S hemolysins, 328 Icucocidin, 329. See aUo under J,eucocidin virulence of, 320 Stapliylococcus pyogenes citreus, 332 Rteam In sterilization, 67 live, 09 aaturated, 68 superheated, 68 Ste^rnmyia fanciata, 673 Sterilization of culture media, 121 Altrntion in, 122 hcnt in, 121 Sti'rling's modification of Gram's stain, 103 Sti'rnberg, diaoovery of Diplococcua pnemuoniff hy, 3B3 Rtimiilins, 281 Streaking, surface, in Isolation of bac- tpria, 148 "Street virtiB," Q47 Streptocopci, 30, 335 cnpHuliited, description of organisms reported as, 307-309 ela still cation of. 347 hy Andrews and Horder, 349 hy cnrhDhydrate fermentation pow- " ers, 34« immune sera, 349 Streptococci, elasstfieatjon of, morpho- logical, 348 Streptococcus longus aeu ery- sipelatoa in, 348 Streptococcus minor seu viridana in, 34S Streptococcus mucosas in, 34S definition of, 33S differentiation of, from pneumococei, 357, 307 cultural, 308 morphological, 367 epidemic throat infections by, 343 in feces, 177 in milk, 70S in milk epid«nlcs,' 343 predilection of, lor definite tiasuea, 351 preparation of, for agglutination tent, 251 pyogenic. 8ee Streptococcus pyog- Streptococcus anginosus, 349 Streptococcus equinus, 349 Streptococcus erysipclatis, 342 Streptococcus equinus, 346 Streptococcus longus sen erysipelatos, 348 Streptococcus mitior seu viridans, 348 Streptococcus mucosus, 360, 351 Streptococcus pyogenes, 336 brei-ia, 337, 338 cultivation of, 337 early experimentation with, 335 immunization against, 346 immune sera of infected animals in. 345 agglutinins in, 347 precipitins in, 347 specificity of. ditferentiation of, from hog'cholera bacillua, 554 immunization against, 653 morphology of, 653- pnthogenicity of, 653 RrinbiosiH of bacteria, 30, 31 S,i'mptomstic anthrax, bacillus of. Bee Anthrax, symptomatic f-'vphilis, 593 in monkeys. 601 in rabbiU. 602 microorganism of. See Spiroohcta pallida TANinNQ of hides, bacteria in, 720 Teloaporidia. See Hemoaporidia Temperature, attained by application of various degrees of pressure, 72 effect of, on activity of bacteria, 16 high, 34 low, 34 relation of, to bacteria, 31 maximum, 31 minimum, 31 optimum, 32 to cultures with spores, 33 to vegetative forms, 33 Tertian fever, parasite of, 707 symptoms of. 770 'Tetanolysin," 205, 464 "Tetanospasmin," 403 Tetanus antitoxin, 220 production of, 220 horses used in, 221 technique of, 221 toxin for, 220 standardization of, 222 therapeutic value of, 464 unit of (Society of American Bacteri- ologists), 222 Tetanus bacillus. 456 autopsy findings in infections of, 460 biological characteristics of, 468 cultivation of, 458 distribution of. 457 early observation of, 456 favorable conditions for growth of, 459 incubation of, 400 isolation of, by Kitasato, 460 morphoti^y of, 460 pathogenicity of, 459 following wounds, 400 relation of sporea to, 469 resiatance of, 459 staining of, 4S7 toxin of. 460 central nervous system attacked by, 403 mode of reaching, 463 Incubation period of, 463 isolation of, 401 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Tetanus bacillus, toxin of, isolation o by chemical reaction, 462 bj filtration, 461 by precipitation, 461 production of, 461 resi stance of, 462 atren)[th of, 462 susceptibility of animals to, 46S Tetanus spores, transportation of, to organs, 460 Tetramitis mesnili, 739 Thermal death points, 33 Thermo -regulators for in«ubators, 159 Lautenscblager's. LS8, IB9 Reichert, 158, 159 Thjothrix, 38 Thrush, 640 microorganism causing, 040 Tick, tfee Margaropus annulatua Timothy, baciilu!) of, 51)2 Tissue sections, method of staining, 111 Oram-Weigert, 111 in eelloidin sections. Ill in paralDn sections, 111 staining of bacteria in, 110 Titration of culture media, 117 color indicator in, 117 process of, 117 for alkaline media, 118 reaction of. 117 adjustment of, 119 Tobacco industry, bacteris in. 719 Toxin, constitution of (Ehrjich), 210 graphic form of (Rhrlich), 211 views of ArrheniuB and Madsen on, 212 diphtheria. Hee uniier Diphtheria endotoxin distinguished from. I8fl epi toxoid in, 208 in side-chain theory, cell -nutrition in, 213 chemical action of, 213 elements of, 213 atom group. 213 side chains or receptors. 213 over-production of receptors in. 214 molecule of, haptophore group in. 207 partial abaorption of, 20» standardization of, 207 Lim«s death Id, 208 Limes sero in, 807 time changes in, 206. toxoid form of, 207 protoxoids in, 200 syntoxolds in, 20» toxon and, difference in action of, 2(M toxon in, 209 used for production of diphtheria antitoxin, 216 valency of antitoxin for, 210 Toxin-antitoxin reactian, 203 aide-chain theory in, 212 summary of, 216 theories as to process of, 203 by destruction of toxin by its spe- cific antitoxin. 2()3 by direct union of toxin and anti- toxin, 203 through mediation of tissue cells, 203 time element In, 204 Toxin solution, normal, 206 Toxin unit, 205 Toxins, 185 compared with pigments, IM, 309 summary of, 305 Toxoid form of diphtheria toxin, 207 Toxoids, varieties of, 209 epitoxoid form in, 208 protoxoids, 200 , syn toxoids, 200 Toxon, in diphtheria toxin, 200 toxin and, difference in action of, 200 Toxon molecule. 200 haptophore group in, 200 toxophore group in, 209 Toxiiphore group in toxin molecule, 307 in toxon molecule, 209 Trachoma, hemogloblnophilic bacilli in, 541 Treponema marsua mnrls. Ut7 Treponoma pallidum. 603. 617 animal pathogenicity of, 601 ijitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Treponema pallMum, cultivation of, 599 darh-field examinatloa of, SB7 b; MUhlens, 000 b; Not(u<^hi. eOO detnongtration of, 606 in living etat?, SOS in nnears, 607 by India-ink prepsration, 69S by Schaudinn and Hoffman's method of ataininf!, SOT by Wood's method of staining, 807. in tissues, SB8 by Levaditi's method, 608 by Levaditi and Manouelian's method, SOS immunization against. 003 active, C03 passive. 003 Infection of animals by, 601, 002 of cornea of rabbits, 602 of tests of rabbits, 002 morphology of, 595 observation of, 600-507 occurrence of, in syphilis cases, 60*- 600 staining of, 108 Fontanft's method tor, 608 Trichomonas, 738 Trichomonas Jntratinalis, 738 Trichomonas vaginalis, 738 Trichomycetes. See Chlamydobacteria- Trichophyton tonsiirans, 643 cultivation of, 644 demonstration of, 043 morphology of, 643 occurrence of, 643 Tricresol , 78. Trillat autoclave, 89 Tropical sprue, 640 Trypanosoma avium, 760 Trypanosoma brucei, as cause of na- gana. 746 cultures of, 747 morphology of, 746 transmisaion of, 740 Trypanosoma equiperdum, as cause of dourine, 748 occurrence of, 748 Bite of, 749 Trypanosoma evanai, as cauae of surra, 745 morphology of, 745 Trypanosoma gambiensi, animal host of, 753 as cause of trypanosomiasis, 751 morphology of, 753 pathogenicity of, 763 TrJrpanoBoma hippicum, disease due to, 747 incubation period of, 747 morphology of, 748 prophylaxis against, 748 Trypanosoma lewisi, immunity to, 743 ■ insect hosts of, 744 morphology of, 744 multiplication of, 744 occurrence of, 743 transmission of, 743 Trypanosoma rhodesienae, 764 Trypanosoma rotatorium, cultures of, 743 morphology of, 742 multiplication of, 743 occurrence of, 742 Trypanosomiasis, clinical signs of, 752 diagnosis of, 764 etiology of, 762 mortality from, 761 prophylaxis against, 764 symptoms of, 761 treatment of, 764 Trypanosomidte, cultivation of, 742 history of, 740 morphology of, 741 species of, 740, 741 transmission of, 741 Tubercle bacillus, 479 bacilli reltttt^ to, 408 BncilluB butyricus, 602 bacillus of avian tuberculosis, 600 cultivation of, 500 discovery of, SOO morphology and staining of, 600 Digitized t, Google 848 INDEX OF SUBJECTS Tubercle bacillus, bacilli related to, ba- cillus of avian tuberculosis, hus- ceptibilitj' of animals to, 500 bacillus of bovine tutierculosis, 408 cultivation of, 490 differentiation of, from human type, 499 early investigatioD of, 408 morphology of, 490 bacillus of lish tuberculosia, 495 bacillus of leprosy, 502, 609 bacillus of timothy, 502 bacillus of turtle lubprciiloeis, COI Bacillus snic^matis. 602 biological considerations of, 49S chemicRl analysis of, 400 cultivation of, 483 media for, 484 "Nalirstoff Heyden" in, 485 discovery of, 7 early investigation of, 479 cxaminotion for, by animal inocula- tions, 175 by Ziehl-Neelson staining method, 170 in circulating blood, 480 in fecps, 178 ' in milk. 709 isolation of, 483 PetrotTs method of, 484 leprosy bacillus and. Tuliereulin. See under Tubercle bacil- lus, toxins of "Tuberculoplasmin" (Buchner and Ilahn), 492 Tuberculosis, complement fixation in, 494 frequency of, 480 human and bovine types of bacilli in, in infections of man, 488 immunisation in. passive, 497 Marmorek's aerum in, 498 mode of infection in, 487 mortality of, 488 tuberculin in. diagnostic use of, 493 cutaneous reaction in, 494 in cattle. 4Dfi ophthalmo reaction in, 494 subcutaneous injection of, 403 dosaife and reaction in, 493 therapeutic uses of, 490 original, 49S Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS TubercnlMia, tuberculin in, therapeutic UBeB qf, preaent, 497 dosage in, 4BT preparations emplojed in, 497 Tubing of culture ipedia, 121 Typhoid bacillus. ff«e under Typhoid Typhoid carrier state in rabbits, 404 l^phoid carriers, 412, 416 Typhoid fever, bacillus of, 399 antigenic pn^urties of, 421, 426 bacteriemia in. 405 biological conditions favorable to. 403 cultivation of, 399 cultural differencefl within the gcoup, 403 differentiation of, from Bacillus fecalis alkaligenes. 437 from meat-poisoning and para- typhoid bBcilli, 428 discovery of, 7, 399 inunnnization against See under Typhoid fever, immunization in in blood during disease, 405 obtaining cultures of, 40S in feces, 177 ;n gall-bladder, 411 in rosk spots, 412 in spntum. 412 in stools, 406 examination in, 406 isolation of, 407 m Conrad i-Drigaleki medium, 40S on Eisner's potato-extract gel- atin, 407 on Endo's fuchsin-agar, 409 on Hias' agar-gelatin media. malachite-greem 407 on Loeffler's media, 409 time of appearance in, 406 innrine, 411 In water, 694 Inoculation of animals with, 404 with endotoxin of, 417 morphology of, 399 Typhoid fever, t)acillns of, pathogenic- ity of, 404 in animals, 404 in man, 404 staining of, 330 suppurative lesioiu due to, 412 toxic products of, 416 obtaining of, 417 varieties of: eadotoxins, 415 true toxins, 416 typhoplasmin, 410 diagnosis in, by a^lutinins in blood Widal tiat in, 421 obtaining blood for, 422 by bactericidal aubatanees in blood serum, 419 by bactericidal teata in vivo, 268 by opsonic index, 424 epidemics of, traced to milk, 703 hygienic considerations in, 413 immunization in, 417 by inoenlation with typhoid bacilli, 417 active, 424 technique of Pfeiffer and Kolte agglutinins in, 419 chief or major, 420 group, 420 bactericidal, 419 bacteriolytic, 413 opBonins in, 424 precipitins in, 423 obtaining blood cultures in, 178 prophylactic measures in. 414 prophylactic vaccination in, 420 apeciflc therapy in, 424 transmission of, 413, 414 by flies, 4IS from millc, 414 from oysters, 410 from water supply, 414 without inteatinal lesions, 413 Gooj^lc INDEX OF SUBJECTS "Typhoplasmin," 416 Typbu's lever, bacitlua of Plote. 678 bacillus of Rickette and Wilder, 677 distribution of, 677 etiology of, 677 identity of, with Brin'a di»«aae, 677 inoculation of nnluals with, 677 transmiasion of, 67B Ubike, bacteriolc^ical Urobacillns liquefaciens, 466 Usehiiisky'B proteid-free mediu , 126 Vaccine production, for immuui£ation in smallpox, 600 animals used in, 600 calves used for, GGO cleanliness observed in Stabling of, 660 material used for vaccination of, 66 1 vaccination in, 661 preparation of field in, G61 scarifications in, 061 vaccinia vesicles developed in, 661 obtaining of vaccine from, OOZ by curettaj^, 662 by ivory tips. 662 testing of VRccine in, for bacteria, C62 for ellideney, 662 Vaccine therapy of Wright, 288 dosage for, 288 opsonic curve in, 288 production of vaccines in, 280 standardization of emulsion in, 287 enumeration- of bacteria against red blood cells in, 287-288 sterilization of vaccine In, 288 Vahlkampfia, 723 Van Ermengem, discovery of Bacillus botnlinus by, 470 Van Ermcngcm's method of staining tiagella, 101 Variola. See Smallpox Vegetative forms from bacterial spores, 17 Malignant "Vibrion scptique." edema, bacillus of Vincent's angina, 010 Bpirochiete of, 61 1 cultivation of, 613 fusiform variety of, 612 bacilli of other diseases respm- bling, 613. Sff aUo under Fu- siform bacilli other bacilli accompanying, 613 spirillum variety of. Weil's disease, S17 Welch, discovery of Bacillus at'rogencs capsulatus by, 471 Welch's method of staining capsules, 98 Welch's modification of Guarnieri's medium, 129 Wertheim's medium for cultivation of gonococcus, 381, 382 Winclcel's disease in the newborn due to colon bacillus, 394 Wires used in transferring bacteria, 141 WolRhOgel counting plate, 162 Wool-sorter's disease, 573 Wright, method of. of anaerobic culti- vation of bacteria, 150 modification by, of Buchner's pyro- gallic method of cultivation of anaerobic bacteria, 153 theory of opsonins of, 28C vaccine therapy of. 8ee Vaccine therapy of Wright Wright's sUin, 790 Xebosib bacillus, I Yaws, 614 Yeast cells, cultivation of. 633 demonstration of. 632 morphology of. 620 reproduction in, by budding, 629 by spore formation, 030 Yeasts, 629 differentiation of, from other microor- ganisms, 629 fermentation by, 630 industrial employment of, for fer- mentative purposes, 62 infection of, in animals, 632 ■ in man, 631 clinical picture of, 632 pathogenic varieties of, 633 Yellow fever. 668 clinical picture of, 068 distribution of, 068 • etiology- of, OOS immunity of, 674 Digitized by Google INDEX OF SUBJECTS Yelloir fever, investigation of, by Gui- t«ras and Marchoux. Salim- beni and Sinwnd, 673 reBUlta of, 673 by Reed, Carroll, Agramonte, and Laze , 670 reiulta of, 673 microorganism of, biological proper- ties of, «a0 research for, 66S by Cornil and Babes, 660 by Sanarelli, 669 by Sternberg, 669 Stpgomyia fasciita in, 673 description of, 673 power of transmission of infec- tion by, reaaons for, 074 Yellow fever, Stegomyia (aadata in, tropical countriea nia«t fa- vorable for, 674 tranaroiasion of, 670 by moequitoei, 670 diaeovery of, by Finlay, 670 investigation and conBrmation of, by United States Commia- eion, 670 Yersin, discovery of plague bacillua by, SSfi ZciB Neoden'b bacillus, 647 cultivation of. 547 morpholofry and staining of, 647 pathogenicity of, 647 Zymase, 61, 630 Digitized  