None
QO.GORNICUDATE Di. csste nein caia seecenwenate LINACE, RaDIOLA LINOIDES Roth. .......... LINUM CATHARTICUM L, ............ L. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Huds. .......... POLYGALACEA. POLYGALA SERPYLLACEA Weihe .... DP WAU ARTS colt os ro ieiroc lena ove ue cecal EUPHORBIACE A. MERCURIALIS PERENNIS L, NEE UN INGUAS cis wc es i seajalic gy Sabotage ool HUPHORBIA PEPLIS L. .........005 Hy. SH BUTOSCORTA, Lie. savci saa cecenericend woenws Ti, AMYGDALOIDES L. . Paraias L. . Pepuus L. . Exicua L. CALLITRICHACE ZZ. CALLITRICHE VERNA L. ........000. | C.STAGNALIS SCops, saniccwexasaecersrets face CAR AMURATA Kautz, siicaewiactowennce C. oBTUSANGULA Le Gall. .......... | C. autumNnaLis L. (+TRUNCATA) MALVACEAE. LAVATERA ARBOREA L, .........0.. ALTHASA OFFICINALIS Lo... ec. eee ee | MAtva MOSCHATA Li... ccc e eee xe eK! fo Se 3 Ge EE RP * a Re * oe eK T KOR KK OK nee * European Distribution. Arctic. 8. and W. Arctic. Arctic. 8. and W. S. and W. Mid. and S. Mid. and 8. W. Europe. Arctic. Arctic. S. and W. Mid and §. LIST OF CHANNEL ISLANDS PLANTS. 179 M. sinvestris L...............0005 ~ # M. ROTUNDIFOLIA L. ........000005 a. GUTTIFERZ. Hypericum ANDRos&MuM L. ...... * FL PBRFORATUM: Diy, ¢ ssc'ecteeaesics = H. TETRAPTERUM Fr. ........-20006 oe H. wumrrusum L. oo... . ce cece eee | * HH. LINaRroLIvat Vahl. os eiias esas « | Hi. PULCHRUM Ls: scinans selec aee 4 ie Hy BUODES: Lis oostnss's's eaten nee <6 lx ELATINACEA. i ELATINE HEXANDRA DC. .......... | es | FRANKENIACEA. ; FRANKENIA LaVIS L. .... 6... eee oe CISTACE. HELIANTHEMUM GUTTATUM Mill. .... * VIOLACE2. Viota Rivinrana Reich. .......... xls V. RIC ODOR dissec avers aeaveie seaereteiocer evens Pee YV. ARVENSIS MGET: 4 ascdematenmaanc els THYMELAACEA. Dapune Laurbota L. ............ * LYTHRACEA. PEPLIS, PORTO Ts 32-55. 288440400084 et oe LyrHrum Savicaria L. .......- 00s x | « TS: sHYSSOPER OMIA Aas cs crstosis y oeseve sees * |? ONAGRACE). LUpDWIGIa APETALA Wallr........... talhend EPILoBIUM HIRStTUM L. .......... | ele E PARVIFLORUM Schreb, .......... *|* 1. wonmat int Li. wecswwawxeckareeds je te E. LANCEOLATUM Seb. and Maur. | «| * E, TeTRaGonuM L, (+OBSCURUM) .. * * CIRCEA LUTETIANS Lie ice cceeeree aos HALORRHAGIDACE.-E. | MYRIOPHYLLUM ALTERNIFLORUM DC. | * + MM, spicetue Dy sncsesseeegeriesas ae HIPPURIS VULGARIS L. ......-0-+0- oie ee INE ae Saeko cae * * OR sik ae : European Distribution. Mid. and S. S. W. Europe. W. &.W. Central. W. & W. Central. S. and W. Mid. and S. Arctic. Mid. and 8S. Arctic. Mid. and S. Mid. and S. Arctic. Mid. and 8. Arctic. Arctic. Arctic. “Arctic. 180 FLORA OF JERSEY. European Distribution. ARALIACEA. Hepera Hetix L. ......... si Bea Sake UMBELLIFERA. HyprRocoTryLE VULGARIS L. ........ ERYNGIUM MARITIMUM L, ........65 CHA@ROPHYLLUM TEMULUM L. ...... ANTHRISCUS VULGARIS Bernh. ...... A. SILVESTRIS Hoffm. ........6. 000 Tortus ANTHRISCUS Gmel. ........ T, MODOSA Gaertn. <a ctes cee esaen cd Smyrruium OLusatRumM L, .........- CoNIUM MACULATUM L, ..... eee eee BUPLEURUM ARISTATUM Bartl. ...... APIUM GRAVEOLENS L. ..........-- A. NODIFLORUM Reichb...... A. INUNDATUM Reichb. ..... CARUM VERTICILLATUM Koch. ConopopIuM DENUDATUM Koch. @copopium PopaGraria L......... CRITHMUM MARITIMUM L. ..... CANANTHE FISTULOSA L....... G. Lacumnarit Gmel. ......... Ce. Graces. Diss caxe ea epee a iow AitHusA Crynapium L. ......... FQ@NICULUM VULGARE L, ....... ANGELICA SILVESTRIS L.......... PastiInaca SATIVA L. ........06- HERACLEUM SPHONDYLIUM L. Daucus Carota L. (incl. GUMMIFER) CORNACEA, CoRNUS SANGUINEA L...........--.- PIROLACH As, PIROLA ROTUNDIFOLIA L. ........- : ERICACEA. Cantona Erica DC: sacaciavage ess HRICA TRTRABIE Jas caomsuresiase.’ Hy CINBREA, bie. casmonctmnomaces ae PRIMULACH A. PRIMULA AGAULIS Lis. ccadvasneewecon ss PL VERTIS iy, as chances wanes SAMOLUS VALERANDI L, ............ Lysimacuia NumMuLARIA L......... 2 * oe OR KK OK OK OF OK * * xe KK RR ROK T ges HOR OK KF OK KK WD WOK OF SOE skh kK OR OK  Europe. Mid. and S. S. and W. Mid. and 8. Arctic. Arctic. Arctic. LIST OF CHANNEL ISLANDS PLANTS. 181 Ex NEMORUM* Ls cecouamied iecaabice GLAUX MARITIMA L........ eee ee ees ANAGALLIS ARVENSIS L. ............ As PN ETR Dis, 2555555 ose ane sits avs say ovatsins : CENTUNCULUS mMINIMUS L........... PLUMBAGINACE/E. ARMERIA MARITIMA Willd. .......... A. PLANTAGINEA Willd. ............! OLEACE, FRAXINUS EXCELSIOR L...........-. LIGUSTRUM VULGARE L............. GENTIANACE. MICROCALA FILIFORMIS L. and H. APOCYNACEA. VINCA- MINOR Ls caentumnzenrmscuss CONVOLVULACEZ. CoNVOLVULUS ARVENSIS L. ........ CALYSTEGIA SEPIUM R. Br. ........ @, SOUDANELEA Re Bti saniceeowe nes Cuscuta EpitHymum Murr. ........ BORRAGINACE A. CyNOGLOSSUM OFFICINALE L. ...... f SYMPHYTUM OFFICINALE L. ........ ANCHUSA SEMPERVIRENS L, ........ LYCOPSIS ARVENSIS sisi ccececessivereinieese Myosoris PALUSTRIS L. (+ REPENS).. M. caspirosa F. Schultz .......... M: ARVENSIS GMs. serve emtoauee es M.. COntINA Hof): vec cosmavcas ng 0% M. vERSICOLOR Reichb. ..........-. LITHOSPERMUM OFFICINALE L. ...... EicHIUM VULGARE L. ...........40- Ei, PLANTAGINEUM LL. ............6- a ae oe ee ex x OR OK OK wR ROR KR OK KT aOR Ok Ok oe ae ae European Distribution. Arctic. Mid. and 8. Arctic. S. and W. S. and W. W. Europe. Mid. and 8. S. and W. Arctic. Mid. and 8. Mid. and 8. Mid. and 8. S. and W. Arctic. Arctic. Arctic. S. and W. 182 FLORA OF JERSEY. VERBENACE Ai. VERBENA OFFICINALIS L. .....-..-- LABIAT AL. AJUGA REPTANS L. 0.2... eee eens fez Trucrium Scoroponta L.........2 PU SCORDIGNLS sojnsieietelerenecs oo: exe 08:89 ScUTELLARIA GALERICULATA L....... S, MINOR MIS. g2cscaa venous ones e GLECOMA HEDERACEA L. .......... BRUNELLA VULGARIS L. ........-0-- GaLEopsis TETRAHIT L...........-- LLAMIUM AMPLEXICAULE L........... Ty, See VL. eee ews ne ees iy wearrmei VAN cocks 654 deter oue 19, AGBUM AS. wiccotiarermacst pratnecianiliogen L. GALEOBDOLON Crantz. .......... BALLOTA NIGRALEI: cto giesneein aii vies ® Sracuys Beronica Benth........... Ss PALUSTRIS Das. wcsisscaceitd we treo ey oes Se SLEVATICA, TY wee eyeisias snevscunensers Gos SecA VION BTS US 2 sxauetesiauevauecsrsconsr any Aves DAVE VERPENNOA li nesoes ncaues es CALAMINTHA OFFICINALIS Moench. .. C. Cuinopopium Spenn............. Teyvve GwRPYEDUM Woe scene ones Lycopus BUROPMUS L, .........00. MENTHA ROTUNDIFOLIA L........... Mi. AQUADIO IIs, Sax ae Series wees Yes M. atopecurorpEs Hull .......... M. puBESCENS Willd. .............. BE, ARVPNSIS JG. gslauidne pea yey bx os DE Dommartin Lip euxse gh nee ays eens SOLANACEA. FLYOSCYANUS NIGER Do. wens oye yeas | Soranum Duncamara L, .......... Se NIGRUM Wisi § dice cack saws eaisleve nce ¢ ; SCROPHULARIACEA. VERBASCUM THAPSUS L............. Ve NIGRUM De: aga aise g cis ae aon eae Linaria Evatine Mill. ............ | L. PELISSERIANA Mill. ..........0. GYyVUEGRRIS MAM, Ts eeeseee ee teg ss | Dj REPENS Altiieceanuecsitied svoeeuees | See dee gS ET SRS GR GR AR a ak ae ae ae eR OK R Tk KK KK 1 OKT MBs pe ae es x eT kk OK eT Ss. ee Boke European Distribution. Mid. and 8. Arctic. "hy.  and S. S. and W. Arctic. Mid. and S. LIST OF CHANNEL ISLANDS PLANTS 183 European J.|G@.| 4.[8. pistribution. aie —- ANTIRRHINUM ORoNTIUM L. ........ *i+l..)* Mid. and 8. [ee AQUATICA: dcs.gcarpreve j* fetes ' Mid. and S. s NUDUSS: dives tee WASTE ee ee * * oe de S: SCORODONIA, Laing acs waver ionwarse Seis | sre | S. and W. SIBTHORPIA EUROPMA L. ........5. earl |aek Swand Av: VERONICA HEDER/FOLIA L. ........ eed eT pes VePOntrva BY 2. neeses cence ueeeals el el ae Ee Vi AGRHSTIS: Ei auwsesoneensagenennns pe fe fale. YV... BUSBAUMIT Teniccnsexinaiee seen ae] we] ae | oe Mid. and 8. N, OVENSIS Lacan ccaesusaeeeeane a6 Poe nie ae V. SERPYLIIFOLIA Ls avusnsececeens «| * * Arctic. WV. OPFICINALIS: Di. sccacssoeecadens oe * ‘Vi: CHEMEDREYE Es. sete cade etiauek ae | * Arctic. VY .BCUTEELATA By aj.-ancceoeeaes ae Poe | ey Arctic. Vi ANRGSEDIS TD. a sieethccnen ste eee | | Paes V. BeccaBunGa Lo... cece cece eens ne ee DIGITALIS PURPUREA L. ............ Je | ep ® FXUPHRASIA OFFICINALIS L. ........ pela le] # j Arctic. PARENTUCELLIA viscosa Caruel..... « )*# [| * * S. and W. ODONTITES RUBRA Pers. ........+--- Jala fade. | RHINANTHUS Crista-GALLi L. ...... a rer Arctic. PEDICULARIS SILVATICA L........-.. ee | xe LENTIBULARIACEZ, UTRICULARIA MINOR L. ..........-- ws, OROBANCHACE. | OROBANCHE C4HSRULEA Vill. ........ »!«|a«f]..| Mid andS. O.CMRTOR Ue arid gti eeinoreercontas * » |..) Mid. and 8. O. RUBRAISMY aeicecicowenmecenrcs | aie: Mid. and 8. O. Heperas Dubuy..........------ oe ee Mid. and 8. O. FOR SU, se ese pepe cwcewene * x ® Mid. and 8. O. amperuystea Thuill. ..........6. * | oD ak gy 4 Mid. and 8. PLANTAGINACEA. : PLANTAGO MAJOR L... eee eee ee ee eee «le ]* | PP. DANGHOLATA LG, ss.5ce venga aesnee ae BP. MARITIME Dri 4cs505 sr aeracer ewes ee Arctic. P. Cononopus L. ......---.-56- ee ee ee LITTORELLA LACUSTRIS L........... sm” || nara.l| eel veel Arctic. | RUBIACE2. SHERARDIA ARVENSIS L..........+-- Le te lee ASPERULA CYNANCHICA L, ........+- oe lie] * Mid. and 8. Cerone vert Tk. sinew nwenaaeraomn ee] «| & pe, Ge, MOEUUGO Bitscsicsei stbaiseieyein Sierrseieytes aes ge NSE Uae Arctic. C. SACRE Dig wdc caw wg x eee anes * | aaa al t, 184 FLORA OF JERSEY, European J./G.) A 8, Distribution, GuPaLUSTRE Tas. nace oayia ia ie ny ee fe fae oe de Arctic. Ge Aperinm Li, csteccudindignienneaus eaces x | * |e] x Arctic. RUBIA PEREGRINA L, .............. efeel @ i] # S. and W. CAPRIFOLIACE A, SAMBUCUS NIGRA L....... 0. ee eee ee x] * | * ] * LonicERA PERICLYMEMUM L. ...... a | * * VALERIANACE. VALERIANELLA OLITORIA Moench..... | RS V. carninata Loisel................- «| *]* | x Mid. and 8. V. BRIOCARPA Desv. .........00005 iden | ELS Mid. and S. Ve DENTATA Poll. i344 cc seaiae dcesee re Mid. and 8. DIPSACEA. DiIpsacus SILVESTRIS Huds. ........ «|e |..d« Mid. and §. SuccCISA PRATENSIS Mcench. ........ ed ee ee ee Arctic. KNAUTIA ARVENSIS Coult. .......... seat | [RN ce Arctic. CAMPANULACE A. f JASIONE MONTANA Ly, 1... . eee eee «tale ] a) COMPOSITA. EUPATORIUM CANNABINUM L......... «| t i.e] # SoLIDAGO VIRGAUREA L, .......... home ficult ers) | aie Arctic. BELLIS PERENNIS L. .............. ca te Le] Astrr Trirpotiom L, ...........00. fa ; Arctic. ERIGBRON ACRE L, ........0.0000 08 ee LS Tae Arctic. FILAGO GERMANICA Li..........00005 »|* | * | «*. Mid. and 8. JB, MEP IMA HIPS! 55.3, sconevalnieiont-asnaanarednines's at | eee aes SHG RID ACR: Tip 0 si, face sence edie: aeananceanie's wef x Mid. and 8. GNAPHALIUM ULIGINOSUM L......... 7 «| P| « Arctic. G, LUTEO-ALBUM L..............04. «| > dis Mid. and 8. Inuna Conyza DC, .......... 0000 ee »|*]--|*) Mid. and 8. I. crrrumoreEs L. ...........0.05. ge |) ee 8. and W. PULICARIA DYSENTERICAL. .....,.. | gh | pas Mid. and 8. P. vunearis Gertn, .............. el econ Mid. and 8. BIpENS CERNUA L, ...........0000. Pg Naat alt Seell aee B. TRIPARTITA L. ........0. 0. e ee ee Ng | ae Arctic. ANTHEMIS Coruna L, .............. [agate EO i op i NOBILIS = sli aii esky Ved lac thae x i) *)* | « Wand W.Central p AR MVIGCN STS Biiiers ainwavecsnavs.h a03. 8 eS | ae) ear ge AcHILLEA MinttEronium Ll. ........ | * : «j* | Arctic. Dioris CANDIDISsImA Desf. ........ «{[../24..) Sand W. MarricaRia INODORA L............. * |e |e le | Arctic. M. Cuamominta L.............0005 * | * « | CHRYSANTHEMUM SEGETUM L. ...... oat lal fs | LIST OF CHANNEL ISLANDS PLANT'S. 185 J. | | European eG | A. 8. | Distribution, VBL = a oe C. LEUCANTHEMUM L. ......e. cae LS ae Pa TE oat | Arctic. ARTEMISIA VULGARIS L. .......... er oe eee Arctic. A. ABSINTHIUM L, ............0005 ar oe ee TussInaco Farrara L............. RO te as Arctic, PETASITES OFFICINALIS Mcench..... be Ms Dey eel ey SENECIO vuLGARIS Ly. ............ [el gh etven | aa] Arctic. BS. -SIEVATICUSID adc eae a aaa wid dees lx Uae oe S. Jacopma L. Bind anda 24 tee LP ee gga oa S. aquaricus Huds. ... S00 sa Peed. CaRLINA VULGARIS L. a ee Arctium minus Bernh............. ae ae *A. wEMoROSUM Léj...........000. Ipevenl bperesee ta CaRDUUS TENUIFLORUS Curt. ...... a ee IP aes | Mid. and 8. CyNUrans Dis. 2s esca8405008 ieee aied tlels Oe-GRISPUS: Dis. e550 4 364054 ees eieene ee ee ee | Arctic. CIRSIUM LANCEOLATUM Scop. ...... oo ee C. PALUSTRE Scop......... eee eee etala! | Arctic. C. ancuicum Lobel. ...........6.. «| ..)..!.,' W. Europe. C memmuglll reacts doce es dascns he | | ll] Mid. ands. C. ARVENSE Scop. ........0..0.005 Pe ee ae SERRATULA TINCTORIA L........... ah [outa # as CENTAUREA NIGRAL. ....... a a oe oe C..SCGABTOSA Tus. ve ican ajeaatokse el seats es xcs CNS PERE Tot. sua arecasa act rca eA teGes «»[*#i«e] il! Sland W. CuricHortum Inrysus L. .......... ay eial LapsaNa COMMUNIS L, ..........5. a ae ee Arctic. HyPocH#RIS GLABRA L. .......... | «| * | « | » | Mid. and S. H. RADICATA Ey cane dvecesavaawa ws pe] ef we foe! Pe MACULATA isc ciaiecdacecees a weaney Pea ie Rent 9S | LEONTODON HIRTUS L, ............ | »|*)* | «; Mid. and§. 1 SISPID USM Sy.csiea Ses igay aeees eg) | | ose Lj, AUTUMINATIS Lie schists ace sega aes bylaw fu] 2 Arctic. PICRIS HIERACIOIDES L. .......... « [Herm * |. ; Py BCHIOLIDES: Tiswwias saws wsleavies es | Mid. and 8, TRAGOPOGON MINOR Fr, .......... scp fase | ey TARAXACUM OFFICINALE Web. a ae Arctic. SoncHUS OLERACEUS L. .......... Phen Goalies S; ASPER: Hoffittzscuc cosscsas venues » |e} * | « Si:ARVENSIS Jus cicacaunesess tions ie | etal ie Arctic. CREPIS TARAXACIFOLIA Thuill. .... | « 63 | es Mid. and S. C. virgens L. ......° «| ale] x Mid. and 8. C. BIENNIS L. ...... ae a eee eee Hreracium Pinosenta L. ....... ef e te fe fw H. riaipum Hartm. .............. ND iow leased seca H. uMBELLATUM L. ...... seta asth ke xj ele | «| Arctic. l * This plant is included, not as a good “ species,” but as representing A. magus, 186 FLORA OF JERSEY. II. Tae DistRipurioN OF THE SPECIES AMONG THE VARIOUS IsLANDS OF THE ARCHIPELAGO WILL BE SEEN FROM THE FOLLOWING TABLE. Total number of Channel Islands species ............++5 696 ” ” JOLSCY SPCCIES esesesesscsseaeereseeeeees 649 ” ” Guernsey and Herm species ......... 593 ” si Alderney species .......cccceeceeeneee ees 442 ” ” Sark and Brechou species ............ 375 Number of species common to all four Islands ...... 309 ” yy peculiar to Jersey ........ccecseceeeees 81 ” ag 55 Guernsey ..eseeeeeseeees 85 ” ” i Alderney.......csseseceres 11 ” ” ry Sar kine sondaiseaaaa dace ensts 2 The species peculiar to Jersey are: Nitella flexilis Ag., Adiantum Capillus-Veneris L., Pilularia globulifera L., Zostera nana Roth., Potamogeton natans L., Panicum sanguinale L., P. Crus- galli L., Setaria viridis Beauv., Milium effusum L., Corynephorus canes- cens P, Beauv., Deschampsia flexuosa Trin., Nardus stricta L., Agropyrum acutum R. & §., Scirpus fluitans L., §. pungens Vahl, Cladium Mariscus R. Br., Carex divisa Huds., C. pendula Huds., C. binervis Sm., C. Pseudo-Cyperus L., Juncus obtusitlorus Ehrh., Luzula Forsteri DC., Allium spherocephalum L., Narcissus Pseudo- Narcissus L., Rumex maritimus L., Polygonum minus Huds., Stellaria Holostea L., Meerhingia trinervia Clairy., Dianthus pro- lifer L., D. gallicus L., Ranunculus ophioglossifolius Vill, R. cherophyllus L., Papaver Argemone L., Corydalis claviculata DC., Brassica Cheiranthus Vill., Nasturtium palustre DC., Hutchinsia petrea R. Br., Reseda lutea L., Drosera rotundifolia L., Spirea Ulmaria L., Fragaria vesca L., Potentilla argentea L., Genista tinctoria L., Medicago minima Desv., Trifolium Molinerii Balb., T. strictum L., Hippocrepis comosa L., Geranium pusillum L., G. lucidum L., Oxalis Acetosella L., Mercurialis perennis L., Althea officinalis L., Elatine hexandra DC., Daphne Laureola L., Lud- wigia apetala Wallr., Cherophyllum temulum L., Carum verticil- latum Koch, Angelica silvestris L., Cornus sanguinea L., Erica Tetralix L., Primula veris L., Lysimachia Nummularia L., Armeria plantaginea Willd., Vinca minor L., Anchusa sempervirens L., CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA. 187 Kchium plantagineum L., Lamium album L., L. Galeobdolon Crantz, Stachys Betonica L., Mentha alopecuroides Hull, Linaria Pelisseriana Mill., Littorella lacustris L., Succisa pratensis Meench., Solidago Virgaurea L., Bidens cernua L., Diotis candidissima Desf., Petasites officinalis Mvcench., Cirsium anglicum Lobel, Serratula tinctoria L., Hypocheris maculata L., Hieracium rigidum Hartm. Many of these are abundant and characteristic Jersey species. The species peculiar to Guernsey are: Nitella translucens Ag., Chara baltica Bruz., Ophioglossum lusitanicum L., Botrychium Lunaria L., Ruppia rostellata Koch., Milium scabrum Merl., Poly- pogon monspeliensis Desf., Lagurus ovatus L., Cynodon Dactylon Pers., Bromus commutatus Schrad., Hordeum maritimum With., Carex riparia Curt., Scirpus pauciflorus Lightf., Salicornia her- bacea L., Sueeda fruticosa Forsk., Chenopodium ficifolium Sm., Polygonum maritimum L., Lepidium latifolium L., Potentilla Comarum Nestl., Prunus instititia L., Lotus tenuis W. & K., Callitriche truncata Guss., Pirola rotundifolia L., Statice Limonium L., Cicendia pusilla Griseb., Lithospermum officinale L., Ajuga rep- tans L., Teucrium Scordium L., Calamintha officinalis Mcench., Mentha pubescens Willd., Verbascum virgatum With., Utricularia minor L., Aster Tripolium L., Senecio aquaticus Huds., Carduus crispus L. The species peculiar to Alderney are: Equisetum maximum Lam., Briza media L., Salix aurita L., Ranunculus Lingua L., Cochlearia officinalis L., Rubus Ideus L., Anthriscus silvestris Hoffm., Statice lychnidifolia De Gir., Calamintha Clinopodium Spenn., Arctium nemorosum Léj., Tragopogon minor Fr. The species peculiar to Sark are: Lysimachia nemorum L., and Orobanche rubra Sm. It will be seen that the difference between the floras of the various Islands is far greater than might have been expected. The islands are probably all of the same geological age. They are all excrescences upon the same submerged platform which projects from the coast of France and fills up the angle between the coasts of Normandy and Brittany. The geological features are the same in all, the bulk of the islands consisting of crystalline and meta- morphic rocks of great antiquity, overlaid in places with Quaternary deposits of gravel and clay, with low-lying sandy tracts on portions of the coasts. Limestone and chalk are entirely absent, The 188 FLORA OF JERSEY. general character of all the islands is that of flat or sloping table- lands, intersected by valleys to a greater or less extent. Nor does there seem to be anything in the differences of climate, so far as reliable data exist for ascertaining them, which can account for such differences in the vegetation. Over a comparatively restricted area, where more or less uniform conditions prevail, a much more uniform flora might have been expected, and there can be little doubt that at some remote period, when a far larger land surface was exposed, the flora was much more uniform. Whether the whole of the submerged platform was ever elevated above the surface of the sea since the arrival of our present species of plants it is impossible to say, but there is conclusive evidence of variations of level sufficient to cause a very great increase (and also decrease) of the present land surface. The islands were doubtless at some former period much more nearly connected with one another and with France, and may well have been covered with a more or less uniform vegetation of the Con- tinental type. The result of subsequent oscillations would be to destroy some of the rarer plants of the district by submergence, and to render others still more local than they were before. As the land area contracted the struggle for existence would become more intense, and the preservation of rare or delicate species more and more problematical, and these are just the conditions under which plants would tend to become local. Tf. in addition to this, it is supposed that the South European species which form the most interesting portion of the Channel Islands Flora, particularly in Jersey, were subsequent arrivals, the differences in the indigenous vegetation of the various islands seems to be to a certain extent accounted for. The presence of one or two of the maritime species peculiar to Guernsey may be explained by the fact that there are still salt marshes in that island, while in Jersey they have been drained and cultivated, and in Alderney and Sark they apparently never existed. III. ReLation oF THE CHANNEL IsLtanps F'LoRA To THE FLORA OF EUROPE IN GENERAL, The Channel Islands plants may be grouped as follows from the point of view of their European distribution ;— CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA. 189 1. Plants which extend all over Europe, exclusive of thé Arctic. Regions: .isississicinvensedes vevercxezaecses 340 2. Plants which penetrate into the Arctic Circle...... 161 3. Plants of Central and South Europe .............:00 102 4. Plants of North Europe ....ccsccsseeseeeeeceneeeeeuee eee 4 5. Plants of West and West Central Europe............ 29 6. Plants of South and West Europe .............0e 59 Of the three first groups not much need be said. They repre- sent three plant-waves, as it were, which inundated Europe from the south-east after the close of the last Glacial Period, and their northern limit is simply fixed by the varying capacity of the species to withstand a decreasing temperature. They form the bulk of the Channel Islands Flora, and all belong to the main body of the Flora of Europe. The fourth group consists of those plants which have their home on the coasts and the moors of North Europe, and whose progress south is limited by the increase of temperature. This group, as was to be expected, is very poorly represented in Jersey, which enjoys a milder climate than its latitude would seem to entitle it to, owing to the benevolent influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The plants which may possibly be considered to belong to it are: Carex pulicaris L., Alsine peploides Wahl., Cochlearia officinalis L., C. danica L. These are to be regarded as related to the Arctic Circumpolar Flora. The fifth group may conveniently be subdivided into two. a. Plants of West Europe proper.—Asplenium marinum L., Dianthus gallicus Pers., Lepidium Smithii Hooker, Rhaphanus maritimus Sm., Sedum anglicum Huds., Ulex Gallii Planch., U. nanus Forst., Trigonella ornithopodioides DC., Euphorbia Port- landica L., Conopodium denudatum Koch., Statice lychnidifolia De Gir., Cirsium anglicum Lobel. b. Plants of West and West-Central Europe.—Mibora verna Adans., Scirpus pungens Vahl., Carex binervis Sm., C. punctata Gaud., Scilla festalis Salisb., Cerastium tetrandrum Curt., Mcenchia erecta Ehrh., Corydalis claviculata DC., Diplotaxis muralis DC., Crassula Tillea, Ulex europeus L., Hippocrepis comosa L., Hypericum pulchrum L., H. elodes L., Carum verticillatum Koch., Scutellaria minor Huds., Anthemis nobilis L. The origin of this group of plants is very doubtful. Some of 190 FLORA OF JERSEY. them, e.g., Lepidium Smithii and Rhaphanus maritimus, are apparently only specialised forms of species which belong to the general European Flora. Others, e.g., the three species of Ulex, suggest a connection with the so-called* “Atlantic” Flora of South-west Europe and the Islands of the Western Atlantic, which is better represented in the south of Ireland by Erica ciliaris L., E. vagans L., E. mediterranea L., and Dabecia polifolia Don. All are species which are most at home on the Atlantic seabord, and thin out more or less rapidly as you advance east- wards. The sixth group is by far the most interesting, and deserves special consideration. The plants which it includes are: Gymno- gramme leptophylla Desv., Adiantum Capillus-Veneris L., Asple- nium lanceolatum Huds., Ophioglossum lusitanicum L., Isoétes Hystri« Dur., Phalaris minor Retz., Milium seabrum Merl., Lagurus ovatus L., Briza minor L., Festuca uniglumis Soland., Catapodium loliaceum Link., Scleropoa rigida Gris., Bromus madritensis L., B. maximus Desf., Scirpus Savii Seb. & Maur., Arum italicum Mill., Juncus acutus L., Scilla autumnalis L., Ruscus aculeatus L., Romulea Columne Seb. & Maur., Iris fetidissima L., Polygonum Raii Bab., P. maritimum L., Sueda fruticosa Forsk., Spergularia rupestris Lebel, Ranunculus ophio- glossifolius Vill., 2. cherophyllus L., Brassica Chetranthus Vill., Matthiola sinuata R. Br., Cotyledon Umbilicus L., Ononis recli- nata L., Trifolium maritimum L., T. Molinerii Balb., T. glome- ratum L., T. suffocatum L., 7. strictum L., Lotus hispidus Desf., L. angustissimus L., Ornithopus ebracteatus Brot., Erodium maritimum L’Herit., Linum angustifolium Huds., Euphorbia Peplis L., Lavatera arborea L., Frankenia levis L., Hypericum linarifolium Vahl, Ginanthe crocata L., Armeria plantaginca Willd., Statice binervosa G. E. Smith, Cicendia pusilla Griseb., Anchusa sempervirens L., Echiwm plantaginewn L., Linaria Pelisseriana Mill., Scrophularia Scorodonia L., Sibthorpia europea L., Parentucellia viscosa Caruel, Rubia peregrina L., * Ido not use the term “ Atlantic” in Watson’s sense. He only took into account the British distribution of the plants in the formulation of his “ /ypes,” and though it was a great step at the time to emphasise the importance of geographical distribution within the area he was consider- ing, his divisions have done much to limit the views of British botanists, and to cucourage them to be content to neglect everything that lay out- side. We want a new set of types, based on the general European distri- bution of the plants, CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA. 191 Inula crithmoides L., Diotis candidissima Desf., Centaurea aspera L. In this list are many species which are abundant in W. Europe. Many of them reach the southern counties of England, a few get as far as Wales, one or two as far as 8. Scotland, yet the base from which they spread is S. Europe. But besides them, there is a considerable number of plants whose proper home is on the shores of the Mediterranean, and which straggle up the west coast of France, becoming rarer as they advance towards the north. The names of these are printed in italics, and they constitute the most interesting element in the Channel Islands Flora. It is not difficult to explain their presence. It was to be expected @ priori that the mildness of the maritime climate of W. Europe would enable some of the southern plants to advance much farther north than is possible in the interior of the Continent, and experience has proved that this expectation has been justified; but few botanists would have expected to:find so bright a gleam of the sunshine of the Mediterranean so far north. This feature is emphasised by the presence of one or two naturalised aliens which have come from the south—Centaurea paniculata L., Scabiosa maritima L., Allimn triquetrum L., Briza maxima L., and Silene quinquevulnera L. The attention of an English botanist cannot fail to be imme- diately attracted by this Mediterranean element, which is certainly most conspicuous in Jersey. Some of the plants are abundant. Romulea Column covers the short turf all round the island in the spring, and Armeria plantaginea and Echium plantagineum form enornious sheets of colour in June andJuly. The abundance of the last-named plant is remarkable. It does not occur in the other islands, or in Normandy or Brittany, and is very rare north of the Gironde, but it must be regarded as native, for it was plentiful about St. Helier’s in Dr. Sherard’s day. Many of the other plants are plentiful enough in the localities in which they occur. Others, again, which are found in the southern counties of England begin to assume a southern look. The small species of Trifolium, for instance, grow far larger, and there is a form of Ranunculus Ficaria which is about half-way between the English plant and the 8. European var. grandiflora. Another interesting point is that the Channel Islands are apparently the extreme northern limit to which some of the 192 FLORA OF JERSEY. plants of this group have been able to attain. They have travelled up the coast of France so far, but been unable to cross the Channel. They are Gymnogramme leptophylla (Jersey and perhaps Guernsey), Ophioglossum lusitanicum (Guernsey), Isoétes Hystrix (Guernsey), Phalaris minor Retz. (if native in Guernsey), Milium scabrum Merl. (Guernsey), Lagarus ovatus (Guernsey), Bromus maximus (Jersey and Normandy), Dianthus gallicus (Jersey), Ranunculus cherophyllus L. (Jersey), Ononis reclinata (Guernsey and Alderney: alien in S. Scotland), Ornithopus ebrac- teatus (Guernsey, Alderney, and Scilly Islands), Statice lychnidi- folia (Alderney), Armeria plantaginea (Jersey and Normandy), Cicendia pusilla (Guernsey and Normandy), Echium plantagineum (Jersey), Centaurea aspera (Jersey). IV. RELATION OF THE CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA TO THAT OF THE NEIGHBOURING Parts oF FRANCE. All the Channel Islands plants occur in either Normandy or Brittany with the exception of Hypochris maculata (Jersey), the newly discovered Milium scabrum (Guernsey), Echium plan- tagineum (Jersey), and perhaps Centaurea aspera, which appears to be possibly native in Jersey, but is introduced in both Nor- mandy and Brittany. With these three exceptions the whole Channel Islands Flora reappears in Brittany, but there are several plants, all belonging to the $8. European group, which are not found in Normandy. They are Gymnogramme leptophylla, Adiantum Capillus-Veneris, Ophioglossum lusitanicum, Isoétes Hystrix, Dianthus gallicus, Ononis reclinata, Ornithopus ebrac- teatus, and Linaria Pelisseriana. This fact seems to indicate that the southern species have reached the Channel Islands by some land connection existing ‘in former times with the coast of Brittany. VY. NatuRALIsSED ALIENS AND CASUALS. Thanks to the mildness of the winters and the large number of hours of sunshine, there are many interesting Naturalised Aliens in the Channel Islands, some of which could not possibly be dis- tinguished from the native flora apart from a knowledge of their origin. I will mention some of the more remarkable. CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA. 193 Allium triquetrum L. (S.W. Europe) is abundant in the hedges in Guernsey, and is spreading in Jersey. Silene quinquevulnera L. (a southern variety of S. gallica) is locally plentiful in Jersey and Guernsey. Scabiosa maritima L. (S. Europe) is well established in Jersey. Centaurea paniculata L. (S. Europe) covers a small area in St. Ouen’s Bay, Jersey, to the exclusion of everything else. A very interesting Guernsey alien is Gunnera scabra Ruiz. & Pav., a gigantic Chilian plant. Erigeron mucronatum DC. (Mexico) is well established on old walls in Guernsey. Centranthus ruber DC. grows in enormous masses on the slopes of Fort Regent in Jersey, and is common elsewhere both in Jersey and Guernsey. Gnaphalium undulatum L. (8. Africa) is common in dry, rocky places in the south-west of Jersey. Cnothera odorata Jacq. (Patagonia) is abundant in sandy places in some parts of Jersey and Guernsey. Portulaca oleracea L. (Europe) is a common garden weed in St. Helier'’s. The number of Casuals is also very large. Much seed is imported every year from the Continent into Jersey, and the great, bare, semi-cultivated stretch of sand in St. Ouen’s Bay, where the crops are not thick enough to stifle the weeds, often provides a congenial home for introduced species for a year or two. I have included in the Flora those plants of the occurrence of which I had tolerably conclusive evidence, but there must have been many more, and every year one or two fresh species are discovered. VI. ExtInctions. The progress of cultivation has had its inevitable effect upon the flora of these small Islands. In Jersey in particular, consider- able salt marshes have been drained and cultivated. In a meadow near Samarés, in which a trench had been opened for the purpose of laying a drain, and which looked on the surface like an ordinary, natural field, I came upon the following interesting geological section. (a) Anexcellentthick turf. (6) A few inches of very good soil. (c) About six inches of broken crockery and glass. It was to) 194 FLORA OF JERSEY. all ‘made’ land. Again, elaborate and costly sea-walls are being built all round the low-lying parts of the coast, and the botanical features of the foreshore entirely obliterated. In the case of Alderney and Sark it seems impossible to tell what plants have become extinct, as no early records exist which can be relied on. The “ Flora Sarnica”’ records, when unconfirmed, are absolutely unreliable. In Jersey and Guernsey the following once native plants have almost certainly disappeared :— (1) Jersey.—Pilularia globulifera, Triglochin maritimum, Cata- brosa aquatica, Milium effusum, Polygonum minus, Rumex maritimus, Atriplex portulacoides, Sagina nodosa, Ranunculus ophioglossifolius, Nasturtium palustre, Euphorbia Peplis, Inud- wigia apetata, Cynoglossum officinale, Mentha Pulegium, Bidens cernua, B. tripartita, Diotis candidissima. (2) Guernsey.—Botrychium Lunaria, Typha latifolia, Sueda fruticosa, Hippuris vulgaris, Euphorbia Peplis, Althea officinalis, Frankenia levis, Statice Limonium, Utricularia minor, Veronica scutellata, Pulicaria vulgaris, Bidens tripartita. VII. ATTENTION MAY PERHAPS BE DRAWN TO THE FOLLOWING Points oF INTEREST. (a) The preponderance of small Leguminose belonging to the genera Trifolium, Lotus, Vicia, Medicago, Ornithopus and Trigo- nella is a very marked feature. (b) The genera containing the greatest number of species are Carex (25), Juncus (11), Rumex (9), Polygonum (9), Ranunculus (15), Trifolium (15), Veronica (11). (c) The wealth of colour of the Jersey plants in particular is very striking. Besides the ordinary species of Gorse, Broom, Heather, and Poppy, which make a great show anywhere in W. Europe, there are acres of Armeria plantaginea and huge masses of Echium plantagineum and Centranthus ruber, and on the sandy ground in the west of the Island Erucastrum incanum, Brassica Cheiranthus, and Rhaphanus maritimus are most conspicuous. The colours of the various species of Orchis which adorn the damp meadows are wonderfully rich, and there is abundance of the beautiful Matthiola sinuata on the coast of St. Ouen’s Bay. BIBLIOGRAPHY. 195 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 1. On Jersey. Cesarea: or an Account of Jersey. By Philip Falle. 1734 Second Edition. By far the ablest book, as far as it goes A Sketch of the History and Present State of the Island of Jersey. By Thomas Lyte, Military Surveyor. 1808. An Account of the Island of Jersey. W. Plees. 1817. The Channel Islands. H. D. Inglis. Fifth Edition. 1838. Cesarea. The Island of Jersey. Anonymous. 1840. The Channel Islands. Ansted and Latham. 1862. Ditto. Revised Edition by E. T. Nicolle. (The most com- plete account.) Géologie de Jersey, par le P. Ch. Noury, 8.J. 1886. Quite supersedes the geological chapters in Ansted and Latham. 2. Bovanica. (a) For local botany. Primitie Flore Sarnice. C.C. Babington. 1839. Bulletins Annuels of the Société Jersiaise for 1894, 1896, and 1898. Brébisson’s Flore de la Normandie. 1879. Corbiére’s Nouvelle Flore de Normandie. 1894. (An excel- lent book.) Lloyd’s Flore de l'Ouest de la France. Fourth Edition. 1886. Liégard’s Flore de Bretagne. 1879. Almost useless. Marquand’s Flora of Guernsey and the Lesser Channel Islands. 1901. (b) For geographical distribution of plants. Nyman’s Sylloge Flore Europer. 1854-5. Waitson’s Topographical Botany. Second Edition. 1883. Hooker’s Student’s Flora of the British Isles. Third Edition. 1884. Grenier and Godron’s Flore de France. 3 vols. 1848. (c) Systematic. Engler and Prantl’s Das natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Leipzig. 1898-1900. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. Berlin. 1898. Genera Siphonogamarum ad Systema Englerianum Con- scripta. By De Dalla Torre and Harms. Leipzig. 1900-1902. Only four parts published. INDEX TO THE GENERA. Generic names not adopted in Engler’s system are printed in Italics. Acer, 16, 107 Ammi, 18 Aceras, 9 Ammophila, 6, 39 Achillea, 24, 146 Aconitum, 12 Acorus, 7, 54 Actra, 12 Actinocarpus, see Damasonium Adiantum, 3, 30 Adonis, 13 Adoxa, 23 AKgilops, 157 /Xgopodium, 18, 117 AAthusa, 18, 118 Agraphis, see Scilla Agrimonia, 15, 92 Agropyrum, 7, 47 Agrostemma, 12, 73 Agrostis, 6, 39 Aira, 6, 40 Ajuga, 21, 161, 182 Alchemilla, 15, 92, 160 Alisma, 5, 36 Alliaria, 13, 81 Allium, 8, 57 Allosurus, see Cryptogramme Alnus, 10, 63 Alopecurus, 6, 38 Alsine, 11, 72 Althza, 17, 108 Alyssum, 14, 85, 86 Amarantus, 11, 69 Anacamptis, 9, 61 Anagallis, 20, 120 Anaphalis, 24 Anchusa, 20, 125 Andromeda, 19 Androsemum, see Hypericum Anemone, 12 Angelica, 18, 118 Antennaria, 24 Anthemis, 24, 146 Anthoxanthum, 5, 38 Anthriscus, 18, 114 Anthyllis, 15, 99 Antirrhinum, 22, 134 Apargia, see Leontodon Apera, 6 Apium, 18, 116 Aquilegia, 12 Arabis, 14 Arbutus, 19 Archangelica, see Angelica Arctium, 24, 150 Arctostaphylos, 19 Arenaria, 11, 72, 159 Aristolochia, 10 Armeria, 20, 121 Armoracia, see Cochlearia Arnoseris, 24, 162 _ Arrhenatherum, 6, 41 198 INDEX TO THE GENERA. Artemisia, 24, 148, 162 Arthrolobiwm, see Ornithopus Arum, 7, 54 Arundo, see Phragmites Asarum, 10 Asparagus, 8, 58 Asperugo, 20 Asperula, 22, 139 Aspidium, 4, 32, 158 Asplenium, 3, 31 Aster, 23, 162, 184 Astragalus, 15 Astrantia, 18 Athamanta, see Seseli Athyrium, 3, 32 Atriplex, 11, 68 Atropa, 21, 161 Atropis, 6, 48 Avena, 6, 40, 158 Azalea, see Loiseleuria B Ballota, 21, 129 Barbarea, 13, 83 Barkhausia, see Crepis Bartschia, 22, 136 Batrachtium, see Ranunculus Bellis, 28, 148 Berberis, 13, 160 Berteroa, 14, 86 Beta, 11, 67 Betonica, see Stachys Betula, 10, 62 Bidens, 24, 145 Blackstonia, see Chlora Blechnum, 8, 31 Blysmus, see Scirpus Boretta, see Dabeecia Borrago, 20, 124 Botrychium, 4, 167 Brachypodium, 7, 46 Brassica, 18, 82, 160 Briza, 6, 42, 158 Bromus, 7, 45, 158 Brunella, 21, 128 Bryanthus, see Phyllodoce Bryonia, 23, 162 Buda, see Lepigonum Bunias, 14, 86 Bunium, 18, 117 Bupleurum, 18, 116 Bursa, see Capsella Butomus, 5 Buxus, 16 Cc Cakile, 18, 81 Calamagrostis, 6, 39 Calamintha, 21, 161, 182 Callitriche, 16, 106 Calluna, 19, 119 Caltha, 12, 75 Calystegia, 20, 123 Camelina, 14 Campanula, 23 Cannabis, 64 Capsella, 14, 85 Cardamine, 14, 84 Carduus, 24, 150, 162 Carex, 7, 50, 159 Carlina, 24, 149 Carpinus, 10, 62 Carum, 18, 117 Castanea, 10, 63 Castalia, see Nympheea Catabrosa, 6, 42 Catapodium, 6, 45 Canealis (ef. Torilis), 18, 115 Centaurea, 24, 151, 162 Centranthus, 238, 141 Centunculus, 20, 121 Cephalanthera, 9 Cerastium, 11, 70 Ceratophyllum, 12, 160 INDEX TO THE GENERA. Ceterach, see Asplenium Cherophyllum, 18, 114 Chamagrostis, see Mibora Chara, 3, 29, 158 Cheiranthus, 14, 85 Chelidonium, 13, 78 Chenopodium, 11, 67, 159 Chlora, 20 Chrysanthemum, 24, 148 Chrysosplenium, 14, 88, 160 Cicendia, 20, 181 Cichorium, 24, 153 Cicuta, 18, 161 Cireza, 17, 118 Cirsium, 24, 150 Cladium, 7, 50 Claytonia, 11 Clematis, 12, 76 Clinopodium, see Satureia Cnicus, see Cirsium Cochlearia, 13, 80, 160 Colchicum, 8 Comarum, see Potentilla Conium, 18, 115 Conopodium, 18, 117 Conringia, 14, 86 Convallaria, 8 Convolvulus, 20, 123 Conyza see Inula Coralliorrhiza, 9 Coriandrum, 18, 161 Cornus, 19, 119 Coronopus, 13, 80 Corrigiola, 12 Corydalis, 13, 79 Corylus, 10, 62 Corynephorus, 6, 40 Cotoneaster, 15 Cotyledon, 14, 87 Cotula, 24 Crambe, 18, 83 Crassula, 14, 87 Crataegus, see Mespilus Crepis, 25, 155 » Crithmum, 18. 117 Crocus, 8 Cryptogramme, 3 Cucubalus, 12, 159 Cuscuta, 20, 124 Cyclamen, 20 Cymbalaria, 22, 133 Cynodon, 6, 169 Cynoglossum, 20, 124 Cynosurus, 6, 42 Cyperus, 7, 48, 159 Cypripedilum, 9 Cystopteris, 4 Cytisus, 15, 94 D Dabecia, 19 Dactylis, 6, 42 Damasonium, 5 Danthonia, see Triodia Daphne, 17, 111 Datura, 22, 132 Daucus, 19, 118 Delphinium, 12, 76 Dentaria, 14 Deschampsia, 6, 40 Deyeuxria, see Calamagrostis Dianthus, 12, 75. 160 Digitalis, 22, 136 Digitaria, see Panicum Diotis, 24, 146 Diplotaxis, 13, 82 Dipsacus, 23, 142 Doronicum, 24 Draba, 14, 85 Drosera, 14, 86 Dryas, 15 E Echinochloa, see Panicum Echinospermum, 126 199 200 INDEX TO THE GENERA. Echium, 21, 126 Elatine, 17, 109 Eleocharis, see Heleocharis Elisma, 5 Elodea, 5, 36 Elymus, 7 Empetrum, 16 Endymion, see Scilla, Epilobium, 17, 112, 161 Epimedium, 18 Epipactis, 9, 61 Epipogon (Epipogum), 9 Equisetum, 4, 33, 158 Eranthis, 12 Erica, 19, 119 Erigeron, 23, 143 Eriocaulon, 7 Eriophorum, 7, 48 Erodium, 16, 103 Erophila, see Draba Erucastrum, 13, 82 Ervwm, see Vicia Eryngium, 18, 114, 161 Erysimum, 14 Erythrea, 80, 122, 161 Eufragia, see Parentucellia Euonymus, 16 Eupatorium, 28, 143 Euphorbia, 16, 105, 160 Euphrasia, 22, 136 F Fagopyrum, 11, 67 Fagus, 10, 63 Falcaria, 18, 117 Fedia, see Valerianella Festuca, 6, 48, 158 Fibichia, see Cynodon Ficaria, see Ranunculus Filago, 24, 143 Fistularia, 22, 187 Feeniculum, 18, 118 Fragaria, 15, 90 Frankenia, 17, 110 Fraxinus, 20, 122 Fritillaria, 8 Fumaria, 13, 79 G Gagea, 8 Galanthus, 8, 58 Galeobdolon, see Lamium | Galeopsis, 21, 128, 161 Galinsoga, 24 Galium, 23, 140, 161 Gastridium, 6, 158 Genista, 15, 98 Gentiana, 20 Geranium, 16, 102, 160 Geum, 15, 91 Githago, see Agrostemma Gladiolus, 9 Glaucium, 13, 78 Glaux, 19, 120 Glecoma, 21, 127 Glyceria, 6, 48, 158 Gnaphalium, 24, 144, 162 Goodyera, 9 Gramnutis, see Gymnogramme Gunnera, 198 Gymnadenia, 9 Gymnogramme, 3, 30 H Habenaria, 9 Halimus, see Atriplex Hedera, 17, 114 Heleocharis, 7, 50 Heleogiton, see Scirpus Helianthemum, 17 Helleborus, 12 Helminthia, see Picris Helosciadium, see Apium Heracleum, 19, 118 INDEX TO Herminium, 9 Herniaria, 12, 78 Hesperis, 14 Hieracium, 25, 156, 162 Hierochloe, 5 Hippocrepis, 15, 100 Hippophaé, 17 Hippuris, 17 Hirsehfeldia, see Erucastrum Holcus, 6, 39 Holosteum, 11, 159 Homalocenchrus, see Leersia Honckenia, see Alsine Hordeum, 7, 48 Hottonia, 19 Humulus, 10, 68 Hutchinsia, 14, 85 Hyacinthus, see Scilla Hydrocharis, 5 Hydrocotyle, 17, 114 Hymenophyllum, 3 Hyoscyamus, 21, 132 Hypericum, 17, 108, 160 Hypocheris, 25, 153 Hypopitys, see Monotropa I Iberis, 13, 80 Tlex, 16, 107 Tilecebrum, 12, 159 Impatiens, 16 Inula, 24, 145 Tris, 8, 59 Tsatis, 13 Isnardia, see Ludwigia Isoétes, 4 Isolepis, see Scirpus J Jasione, 23, 142 Juncus, 7, 55, 159 Juniperus, 4 THE GENERA. Lobelia, 23 Lobularia, 14, 85 Loiseleuria, 19 Lolium, 7, 47 Lonicera, 23, 141 Lotus, 15, 99 Ludwigia, 17, 112 Luzula, 7, 56 Lychnis, 12, 74 Lychnothamnus, 3 Lycium, 21, 131 Lycopodium, 4 Lycopsis, 20, 125 Lycopus, 21, 131 Lysimachia, 19, 120 Lythrum, 17, 111 M Maianthemum, 8 Malachiwm, see Stellaria Malaxis, 9 Malva, 17, 108, 160 Mariana, see Silybum Marrubium 21, 127 Matricaria, 24, 147 Matthiola, 14, 86 Meconopsis, 13 Medicago, 15, 95 Melampyrum, 22 Melandryum, 12, 74 Melica, 6 Melilotus, 15, 95 Melissa, 21, 180 Melittis, 21 Mentha, 21, 131 Menyanthes, 20, 123 Menztesia, see Phyllodoce Mercurialis, 16, 105 Mertensia, 21 Mespilus, 15, 89 Meum, 18 Mibora, 6, 89 Microcala, 20, 122 Milium, 6, 38 Mimulus, 22 Meerhingia, 11, 72 Meenchia, 11, 71 Molinia, 6, 41 Moneses, see Pirola Monotropa, 19 Montia, 11, 69 Muscari, 8, 58 Myosotis, 21, 125, 161 Myosurus, 12, 160 Myrica, 9 Myriophyllum, 17, 118, 161 Myrrhis, 18 N Naias, 5 Narcissus, 8, 59 Nardosmia, see Petasites Nardus, 7, 47 Narthecium, 7 Nasturtium, 13, 84 Neckeria, see Corydalis Neotinea, 9 Neottia, 9 Nepeta, 21, 161 Nephrodium, see Aspidium Nitella, 3, 29, 158 Nuphar, 12 Nymphea, 12, 75 O Obione, see Atriplex Odontites, 22, 186 (Einanthe, 18, 117, 161 (inothera, 17, 113 Onobrychis, 15 Ononis, 15, 94 Onopordon, 24, 162 Ophioglossum, 4, 33 Ophrys, 9, 60 INDEX TO THE GENERA. Ruppia, 5, 158, 168 Rusceus, 8, 58 Sagina, 11, 71 Sagittaria, 5 Salicornia, 11, 159, 178 Salix, 9, 62, 159 Salsola, 11, 69 Salvia, 21, 130 Sambucus, 23, 141, 162 Samolus, 19, 120 Sanguisorba, 15, 92, 160 Sanicula, 18 Saponaria, 12, 75 Sarothamnus, see Cytisus Satureia, 21 Saussurea, 24 Saxifraga, 14, 88 Scabiosa, 23, 142, 162 Seandix, 18, 115 Scheuchzeria, 5 Scheenus, 7, 50 Schollera, see Vaccinium Scilla, 8, 57 Scirpus, 7, 49, 159 Scleranthus, 12, 73 Sclerochloa, Reichb., see Sclero- poa Seleropoa, 6, 45, 158 Scolopendrium, 8, 32 Scrophularia, 22, 134 Scutellaria, 21, 127 Sedum, 14, 87 Selaginella, 4 Selinum, 18 Sempervivuin, 14, 87 Senebiera, see Coronopus Senecio, 24, 149, 162 Serrafaleus, see Bromus Serratula, 24, 151 Seseli, 18 Sesleria, 6 Setaria, 5, 87, 157 Sherardia, 22, 139 Sibbaldia, 15 Sibthorpia, 22, 134 Sieglingia, see Triodia Silaus, 18 Silene, 12, 74, 157, 159 Siler, 19 Silybum, 24, 151 Simethis, 8 Sinapis, 13, 81 Sison, 18, 161 Sisymbrium, 18, 81 Sisyrinchium, 9 Sium, 18, 161 Smyrnium, 18, 115 Solanum, 21, 1382 Solidago, 28, 143 Sonchus, 25, 155 Sorbus, see Pirus Sparganium, 5, 34, 158 Spartina, 6, 158 Specularia, 23 Spergula, 11, 72 Spergularia, 11, 72 Spirea, 14, 88 Spiranthes, 9, 61 Stachys, 21, 129 Statice, 20, 121, 161 Stellaria, 11, 70, 159 Stratiotes. 5 Sturmia, see Liparis Sueda, 11, 69, 159 Subularia, 13 Succisa, 23, 142 Symphytum, 20, 124 T Tamarix, 17, 110 Tamus, 8, 59 INDEX TO THE GENERA. 205 Tanacetum, see Chrysanthe- U mum Ulex, 15, 94, 160 Taraxacum, 25, 154 Ulmus, 10, 63 Taxus, 4 Umbilicus, see Cotyledon Teesdalia, 13, 79 Urtica, 10, 64 Teucrium, 21, 127, 161, 182 Utricularia, 22, 161, 183 Thalictrum, 13 Thesium, 10, 64 Vv Thlaspi, 13, 80 Vaccinium, 19 Thrincia. On page 4, line 9, for PILULIFERA read PILULABIA. oe » 20, ,, 2, 5, ANGALLIS + ANAGALLI». LONDON PRINTED BY WEST, NEWMAN AND CO., HATTON GARDEN, E.C. Missing Page. 