None
Wens are usually seated on the scalp, the back of the neck, or the face, more rarely on the trunk or limbs. References on Wens and on Tumours originating from them. CASPARY: Adenoma sebaceum A.f. Derm, xxm 1891 CHENANTAIS : Calcified epithelioma of sebaceous glands These Paris 1881 CHIARI : Atheroma and encapsulated epidermoid tumours of the subcutaneous connective tissue Tagebl. d. Naturforscheroers. in Salzburg 1881 ; The gene- sis of atheroma-cysts Prager Z. f. Heilk. xn 1891, and Trans, internal, med. congr. 1890 n Berlin 1891 FORSTER : Dry cancroid Verh. d. phys.-med. Gesellsch. in Wiirzburg x FRANKE : Atheroma A. f. klin. Chir. xxxiv 1886-87; Carcinomatous degen- eration of epidermoid tumours V. A. 121 1890 LAGRANGE : Anatomic pathologique et pathogenic du chalazion Paris 1889 VON NOORDEN : Calcified epithelioma Beitrage von Bruns in Tubingen 1888 PETERS : Calcified endothelioma Beitrage von Bruns xn 1894 WERNHER : Atheroma, an encapsulated epithelioma V. A. 8 1855 WILCKENS : Ossification and calcification of the skin Inaug. Diss. Gottingen 1858 172. Each hair according to its size has a definite period of existence. When this is at an end, the hair is shed and its place ART. 172] DISEASES OP THE HAIR 573 is taken by a new one. The replacement is effected by the cells at the tip of the papilla ceasing to grow and multiply, in conse- quence of which the old hair with its inner root-sheath is sepa- rated from the papilla, which thereupon atrophies. According to STIEDA the young hair is produced by a new papilla. Long thick hairs live longer than short and fine ones. To maintain the uniform growth of the hair as a whole a con- stant relation must be kept up between the loss of old hairs and the production of new. When this relation is disturlied by hind- rances to production, the result is alopecia or baldness. KAPOSI distinguishes the following forms. (1) Alopecia adnata, or congenital deficiency of hair, is sel- dom an enduring condition. (2) Alopecia (clavitii>*\ acquisita is natural in old age (alopecia Mm7t«), but it may appear much earlier (alopecia praematura). In the baldness of age the skin exhibits the changes described in Art. 139 (Fig. 269) ; but it is to be noted that they do not apjwar till after the hair has disappeared, and they cannot therefore be the cause of baldness. Alopecia praematura may be either idiopathic or symptomatic. In the former case the hair falls off without visible disease of the skin. Symptomatic baldness is usual as a result of inflammatory processes which induce appreciable changes in the scalp, such as eczema, erysipelas, lupus, syphilitic eruptions, etc., and it also accompanies or follows affections such as typhoid fever, syphilis, tuberculous cachexia, and the like. The continuous development of the hair from its bulb is interfered with by the inflammatory pro- cess, and the hair thus ceases to grow and is shed. If the papillae are not destroyed the hair may afterwards be reproduced. When the denudation takes place over isolated patches the af- fection is described as alopecia areata (area Celsi or porriyo deral- vans). Some writers ((iiiuHK, MALASSEZ, THIN, KICHHOKST, LASSAR) consider this affection to be due to a parasitic fungus, while others (BARENSPRUNG, AUSPITZ, KAPOSI, SCHWIMMER, JOSEPH, MICHELSON, FOURNIER) look upon it as a trophoneurosis. Others again (such as EICHHOFF) think that alopecia areuta is not always due to the same cause, while BEHREND attributes it to some local disturbance of the circulation. The loss of hair may tak« place over a single patch or in many, and in the end may extend to the entire surface of the body. According to BEHREND the affected hairs are infiltrated with minute air-bubble* down to the extreme end of the root. In most cases the bald sjjots sooner or later become covered over with downy hairs, and ultimately with normal hairs. Baldness coming on during adolescence (i.e. after puberty), in which the hairs of successive crops become shorter and short «-r lived, and the scalp is covered with an abundant branny <>r floury desquamation, is described as alopecia pityrodes or fnrfur.i 574 THE SEBACEOUS GLANDS, ETC. [CHAP. LVH Failure of the hair and exfoliation of the skin are simultaneous, the cutis is attenuated (PiNCUS), and the hair-follicles are stunted and atrophic (Fig. 308 c). The scales consist of morbidly-altered and abnormally-solidified sebum. Alopecia pityrodes is referable either to some inherited predis- position or to one or other of the diseases mentioned above. Trichorhexis nodosa is an anomalous mode of growth of the hairs, in which swollen nodes are produced in their course, whereat they are apt to break off. It is rare as a general affection, but is not uncommon in the case of single hairs, particularly in the beard. According to MIC KELSON it is due to abnormal dryness of the hair, and is of the same nature as the terminal splitting and fork- ing which often take place in individual hairs. Ringstreaked hairs (pili annulati) are marked with bands alternately light and dark. The light bands are somewhat swollen and enclose air-containing clefts (L/ANDOis). According to BEHREND, in very rare cases hairs are met with in which what look like nodular thickenings occur at regular intervals, but in these it is the internodal portions that are morbidly altered, inas- much as they are attenuated and devoid of the normal central canal. The nails are frequently misformed or defective, and ab- normally thin and brittle, or misplaced, generally as a result of inflammations or of direct injury. References on Alopecia and on Reproduction of the Hair. VON BARENSPRUNG : Alopecia areata Charite'-Annalen vin BEHREND: Alopecia areata Berl. klin. Woch. 1887, and V. A. 109 1887 and 116 1889 BESNIER : Sur la pelade Paris 1888 BUCHNER: Aetiology of area Celsi V. A. 74 1878 EICHHOFF : Is alopecia areata contagious? Monatsh.f. prakt. Derm. 1888 EICHHORST : Alopecia areata V. A. 78 1879 GIOVANNINI : The normal development of and certain changes that take place in the human hair V. f. Derm, xiv 1887 ; Reproduction of hair after epila- tion A. f. mikrosk. Anat. 36 1890, and A. ital. de biol. xv 1891; Morbid histology of baldness Ann. de dermal, n 1892 JOSEPH : Aetiology of alopecia areata Cent. f. med. Wiss. 1866 ; Monatsh. f. prakt. Derm. 1886, and V. A. 107 1887 LASSAR : Alopecia areata D. med. Woch. 1881 MALASSEZ : Alopecia pityrodes A. de physiol. 1874 MICHELSON: Aetiology of area Celsi V. A. 80 1880 PINCUS : Alopecia pityrodes V. A. 37 1866, 41 and 43 1868 SCHEIN: Growth of the human skin and hair A. f. Derm, xxiv 1892 SCHULTZE : Theories concerning area Celsi V. A. 80 1880 SCHWIMMER : Die neuropath. Dermatosen Vienna 1882 VON SEHLEN: Fortschr. d. Med. i, and V. A. 99 1885 STIEDA : Growth of hair Biolog. Cent, vn 1887 UNNA : Alopecia pityrodes Monatsh. f, prakt. Derm. 1 1882 ART. 173] HYPERTRICHOSIS 575 References on Nodes of the Hair and Trichorhexit. BEIIREND: Node-formation on the hair-shaft V. A. 103 1886 EICHHORST: Trichorhexis nodosa Z.f. klin. Med. vn (supplement) 1883 LESSER: Pili annulati V.f. Derm, xm 1886 MICHELSON: Volkmann's klin. Vortrage no. 120, and Ziemsien's Handb <l tpec Path, xiv ROKSER : Trichoptilosis Ann. de dermal, ix 1878 WOLFBERG : D. med. Woch. 1884 173. Abnormal overgrowth of hair (hypertrichosis, hirsutiei, polytricMa) is hereditary or at least congenital (hypertrichosit hereditaria), or acquired in later life ^hypertrichosis arquitita). Congenital hypertrichosis is universal, the whole hody being shaggy (as in 'hairy men'), or it is local and affects only par- ticular parts. Universal hypertrichosis is usually a family peculiarity, and may affect the entire face and forehead. An abnormal growth of hair on the chin and upper lip in women is not uncommon. Moles and pigment-spots are often thickly be- set with hairs. Many cases of sacral hypertrichosis have been recorded ; it is generally associated with spina bifida occulta (VON RECKLINGHAUSEN). Acquired hypertriehosis ha« been observed in a few cases as an accompaniment of spinal diseases (ERB, SCHIEFFERDECKEK) and as a consequence of chronic irrita- tion of the skin (KAPOSi). Overgrowth of the nails (Jiyperonychia) in length and thick- ness is frequently met with, and they are often at the same time distorted, rough, or tuberculated. Excessively long nails become curved into claws (onychogryphosis). When they become exces- sively broad they are apt to cut into the soft parts, giving rise to haemorrhage and inflammation (ingrowing nails, incarnatio unguis*). Abnormal enlargement of the nails may take place without any perceptible cause. In other cases it is a concomitant of ichthyosis or psoriasis, or follows on inflammatory affections. References on Hypertrichosis. BARTELS : Hypertrichosis Z.f. Ethnol. vm 1876, xi 1879, xin 1881 BEIGEL: Hypertrichosis !'. A. 44 1868 BONNET: Hypertrichosis congenitn univertalu Wiesbaden 1892 CHIARI: Hypertrichosis Prng. med. Woch. 189O ECKER : Ueber abnorme Behaarung d. Menschen Brunswick 1878 FURST: V. .4.961884 GEYL: Observations on hypertrichosis Biolog. Cent, vm U HILBERT: V. A.W 1885' Mi< HEI.SON: V. A. 100 1885, and Ziemssens Ifnndb. d. *j*c. fat*. XIV VON RKCKLINGHAUSEN: Spina bifida V. A. 1 05 1886 VIRCHOW-ORNSTEIN: Z.f. Ethnol. vn 1875, and vm 187 WILSON : Hairy men Lectures on dermatology London 1878 INDEX OF SUBJECTS (The numbers refer to the pages) abnormalities of the heart 17 alopecia 673 abscess, cerebellar 430 acquisita 573 cerebral 429 aduata 673 cold articular 188 areata 573 of bone 186 clavites 573 tuberculous 284 pityrodes 673 consecutive of bone 186 praematura 673 in tuberculous disease of ver- senilis 573 tebrae 191 amyloid degeneration of fibrous tissue of metastatic of bone-marrow 171 joints 248 of brain 428, 429 lymph - glands heart-muscle 53 117 muscle 307 joint - cartilage* spinal cord 346 248 periarterial 74 niusHe 299 splenic 112 spleen 106 acarus scabiei 546 amyotrophy, bulbar 21»2 acetabulum, changes in after resection progressive 306 253 spinal 292, 868 achondroplasia 202 spinal 292 achorion Schonleinii 643 anaemia 3, 4 achroma 496 cachectic 5 acne 525 cryptogenetic 4 albida571 of the skin 492 .... indurata 526 pernicious 4 mentagra 526 anaemic infarction of spleen 107 .... punctata 525 anaesthesia, cutaneous .102 pustulosa 525 anencephalia, partial hydrocephalic 397 rosacea 492, 558 aneurysm 83 .... sebacea 670 anastoniotic 89 syphilitica 638 arterial haematoma in 88 acrania 388 arteriosclerolic 84, 87 acrochordon 571 by distension 84 acromegaly, hypertrophic ostitis in 178 erosion 88 ..v pituitary body in 464 rupture 84 actirlomycosis of brain 433 cirsoid 83 heart 66 congenital 89 muscle 309 dissecting 84 pericardium 63 emholic 87 spleen 115 cerebral apoplexy as a result Addison's disease, pigmentation of skin of 88 in 496 false 83 adenia, simple 130 haemorrhage in 81 adenoma of pituitary body 464 hernial 88 sweat glands 668 infective 88 ainhum 528 locus minoris resistentiae in « albinism 496 mycotic 88 i ii INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) aneurysm of aorta, changes in the wall apoplexy, cortical 443 of 87 appendices auricularum 20 results of 87 apposition of bone in resection of joints parasitic 88. antrum of Highmore 147 nodose 68 aorta, aneurysm of 87 arteritis 38, 72 circumference of 24 consecutive 76 dorsalis 22 fungous 188 stenosis and atresia of 18 gangrenous 76 aortic arches 22 gummatous granulations in 78 obliteration of 22 haematogenous without throm- bulb 21 bosis 75 aortitis verrucosa 71 aetiology of 76 aphasia, ataxic, in softening of the hyperplastic 71, 76 brain 421 proliferans nodosa 80 apoplexy, cerebral 422 proliferous 71 INDEX OF sriUECTS iii ( The numbers refer to the pages) arteritis, scrofulous 1 88 secondary 76 suppurative 76 syphilitic 78 syphilitica obliterans 79 thrombi in 71 tuberculous 79 verrucosa 71 arterioliths 75 arthritis ankylopoetica 275 caseous nodes in tuberculous 284 ....*.. chalky deposits in gouty 280 chronic 263 auky losing 263, 275, 278 deforming 263, 268 dry 264 ulcerating 278 exudative 264 gouty 263 infective 263 neuropathic 263 purulent 263, 264 senile 263 traumatic 263 deformans 181 arborescent lipoma in 271 articular ends of bones in 272 chronic 268, 278 hypertroph- ic prolifera- tion of joints in 250 degenerative changes in 268 hyperplastic prolif- eration in 268 mobility of joints in 273 resorption of bone in 271 subchondral cysts in 272 dislocation from caries in tuber- culous 285 dry chronic ulcerative 263 fungous 282 gouty 261, 280 ..*..... granular 282 . localisation of chronic serous 264 pauperum 275 purulent 261 seat of tuberculous 285 senile 278 serous 261 sinuses in tuberculous 284 tophi in gouty 280 tuberculous 189 arthrocace 188, 285 arthropathy, cause of 279 neiirngenmi.s 279 situation of 279 arthropathies, tertiary syphilitic 285 articular contracture 250 dropsy, chronic 264 associative fibres of the cerebrum 384 asteatosis 570 astrocytes 324 ataxia, hereditary 369 atheroma 572 of arteries 69 blood-vessels of the brain 417 vasa vasorum in 69, 91, 72 atheromatous pulp OH atlas, tuberculous caries of 192 atrophy of the brain 407 skin 499 neuropathic, of muscle 292 progressive muscular 293 spinal muscular 365 auditory centre 385 auricular canal 20 septum, defects of 19 axis, causes of tuberculosis of 192 cylinder 469 disintegration of 341 axon 324 bacillus anthracis 526 coli communis 45 endocarditis capsulatus 33 griseus 33 leprae 540 mallei 542 tuberculosis 59. 63, 73, 74, 127. 190, 282, 346, 380, 432, 449, 532 bacon spleen 105 barber's itch 545 beri-beri 473 bibliography (see references) blebs 505 blister 511 due to cantharides 611 blood 3 amount of 3 fat in 8 fibrin ferment in 6 .".''. haemoglobin in 3, 6 and lymph, Sect. I blister 4S»3 composition of 3 corpuscles contained in 3 current, foreign bodies in 73 ' deficiency in formation of 6 dry residue in normal 6 proportion of white corpuacki in 3,8 quantity of, in lower animals 0 transfusion of 0 boils 525 iv INDEX OF SUBJECTS (The numbers refer to the pages) bone, abnormal brittleness of 148 bone, erosions of 147 abscess of 188 failure of bony union in fracture sequestrum of 173. of 166 absorption of sequestrum 173 fatty degeneration of 143 actinomycosis of 195 fibroma of 235, 238 .... acute haematogenous inflamma- .... fissure of 160 tion of 170 formation of new, in tumours of 234 aetiology of tumours of 235 foveolae of 142 anaemic necrosis of 174 fracture in resorption of 145 angioma of 242 fracture of 160 animal parasites of 231, 244 fundamental lamellae of 159 appearance of, during resorption giant-celled sarcoma of 240 142 glanders of 195 .... apposition in inflammation of 170 .... growth of by apposition 154 resection of joints 252 .... gumma of 192 of 169, 179 .... gunshot injuries of 175 arrest of development of 199 haematoma of 242 architectural structure of spongy haemorrhage after traumatism 175 203 halisteresis 150 .... atrophic affections of 141 Haversian canals of 149 from disuse 145 Howship's lacunae of 142, 149 atrophy from pressure on 146 hypertrophic zone of developing 196 inflammations 147 hypertrophy of 154, 167 the development of incomplete fracture of 164 tumours 147 infective granulomata of 183 in fractures 145 inflammation of 170 in stumps 145 .... inflammation of, after traumatism carcinoma of 231, 242 176 carcinomatous caries of 242 .... ' inflation ' of the 244 caries of 148, 170 in general miliary tuberculosis 187 cartilaginous 196 interstitial growth of 159 caseous nodes in 186 .... lacunar resorption of 141 causes of deformity of the articu- in carcinoma lar surfaces of 227 242 cavernous excavation of 184 tuberculosis central necrosis of 172 184 .... changes in mature forms of 224, 225 .... lamellar, with Sharpey's fibres 159 chondroma of 239 length of time necessary for repair .... chronic inflammation of 176 of fracture of 166 .... complete fracture of 164 .... leprosy of 195 compound fracture of 179 lipoma of 239 concentric atrophy of 143 .... liquefaction of myelogenous tu- .... connective tissue 196 mours of 244 .... consecutive abscess of 187 .... local agenesis of 199 .... cysticercus cellulosae of 244 atrophy of 147 cysts of 148, 231 matrix of, decalcified 160 .... decalcification of 149 .... mature form of 223 .... deformity of the articular surfaces membrane 159 of 227 .... nxetastatic inflammation of 173 .... degenerations of chondroma of 239 .... method of growth of 154 .... development of 141 mixed tumours of 232 mature 223 .... multilocular cysts of 244 .... disintegration of myelogenous tu- .... myelogenous alveolar sarcomata of mours of 244 240 .... disorders of growth of 196 .... myelogenous tumours of 232, 233 osseous development .... myeloma of 241 196 .... myeloplaxes in resorption of 141 .... eburnation of, in arthritis deform- .... myxofibroma of 239 ans 272 myxoma of 236, 239 .... eccentric atrophy of 143 .... necrosis of 148, 170 .... echinococcus of 244 .... necrotic caries of 148 .... enchondroma of 235 splinters of 166 INDEX OF 8UIWECT8 bone.neuroparalytic atrophy of 146 bone-marrow, change from yellow into ---- neuropathic atrophy of 140 red 139 ---- new formation of in halisteresia ............ Charcot-Neumann crystal* 153 in 139 ---- origin of 190 ............ degeneration of 138 ............. primary tumours of 231 ............ development of red blood- ---- osteoclasts in resorption of 141 corpuscles in 137 ---- paralytic contractures of 227 ............ fatty degeneration of cellg ---- partial defects in individual 199. and capillaries of 138 ........... necrosis of 172 ............ gelatinous 138 ---- periosteal tumours of 232 ............ haemorrhage from 140 ---- ..peripheral caries of 180 ............ hypertrophy of the fatty ---- phosphorus-necrosis of 170 tissue of 139 .... pressure of tumours on 147 ............ lymphoid 137 ---- primary tumours of 231 ............ metastatic abscess of 171 .... proliferous zone of developing 190 ............ morphology of 137 ---- reabsorption of 141 ............ necrotic foci in 138 .... regeneration of 154 ............ nucleated red blood-cor- .... repair of isolated tubercles of 192 pusoles 137 ---- resection of 160 ............ pigmented granule cells in ____ resorption of 17, 152, 109, 179, 194 140 ................. in arthritis deform- ............ red 137 ans 271 ............ sidemsis of 140 .................... inflammation 170 ............ ..... large, long 189 ..... cortical apoplexy of 4 .................. short, spongy 189 ..... crushing of 425 small, long 189 ..... cystic degeneration of the cnoroK '. 'tuberculous foci in 184 pl?xus of 4424 , .... tumour-like formations of 209 ..... cysticereus of VI INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) brain, fatty degeneration of 409 fibrino-purulent exudation into ventricles of 445 fibroma of 440 fissures and »yri of 382 general atrophy of 407 passive oedema of 405 glioma of 436 gliomyxoma of 439- gliosarcoma of 439 granular ependymal sclerosis of 435 gumma of 451 haematogenous tuberculosis of 432 haemorrhages into the pia mater of 443 haemorrhagic softening of, in gumma 453 hyperaemia of the internal me- ninges of 442 ..... hypoplasia of entire 390 in cretinism 402 infective granulomata of 432 inflammatory oedema of 406 in habitual criminals 402 idiocy 402 mental diseases 402 ischaemic softening of, in gumma 453 laceration of 425 lipoma of 440 local degenerations of 412 engorgement of 404 inflammations of 412, 413 passive oedema of 405 lymphogenous tuberculosis of 432 malformations of 388 metastatic tuberculosis in basal region of 449 morbid changes of blood-vessels of 417 multiple sclerosis of 434 oedema of, from auto-intoxication 405 pia mater of 442 subarachnoid space of 442 osteoma of 440 papillary cystoma of 572 partial hypoplasia of 391 passive hyperaemia of 404 pial cysts of 442 premature atrophy of 407 degeneration of 407 purulent exudations into 446 psammoma of 440 quantity of blood in 404 repair of abscess of 430 resemblance of sclerosis of, to tumours of 434 results of concussion of 424. sarcoma of 440 brain, sclerosis of 434 secondary tumours of 440 smootli ependymal sclerosis of 435 solitary tubercles in 432, 450 tubercle of the pia mater of 451 structure and functions of 381 subarachnoid cysts of 442 sub-meningeal injuries of 426 secondary disintegration of, after injury 426 syphilis of 432, 451 traumatic injury of 424 softening of 426 tuberculosis of 432 tumours of 436 internal meninges of 454 vascular naevus of 440 ventricles of 445 weight of 390 atrophic 409 wounds of 425 brain-sand 455 bronchial lymph-glands, pigmentation of 119 bubo 121 .... caries, articular 188 nient gran- fungosa 188 ule*in4m» fungous 188 acute destruction of ganglion inalacic 188 cells of 413 mollis 188 agenesis of 389 of cartilage 248, 260 angular gyrus of 382 scrofulous 188 anomalies in minute histologi- sicca 188 cal structure of syphilitic 194 400 tuberculous 188 of development of carpus, tuberculosis of 190 the 388 cartilage, articular 198 anterior occipital fissure of calcification of 198 381 caries of 260 apoplectic cicatrix of 424 conversion of hyaline, into cysts of 423 fibre-cartilage 249 associative fibres of 384 conversion of hyaline, into asymmetry of 391 fibrous tissue 249 atheroma of blood- reaaels of .! erosion of 248, 260 of 417 formation of fatty marrow atrophy of cortex of, after am- from '.'48 putation 417 lymphoid mar- auditory centre of 38ft row from 248 calcarine fissure of 383 mucoid tissue calcification of blood-reMelt from 248 417 granulative inflammation of calkwal gyru» of 3 248 callngo-marginal fiwure of 888 necrosis of 248, 260 capillary hat morrhag™ of 4'.' 1 purulent inflammation of 24 caudate nu.-lnw of 38i role of, in growing bone 166 causes of partial agencM of -sequestra of 200 «JW Viii INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) cerebrum, central fissure of 381 cerebrum, olfactory centre of 385 centripetal fibres of 384 optic thalamus of 383 cerebellum in atrophy of 410 paracentral lobule of 382 claustrum of 383 ; parallel fissure of 382 collateral sulcus of 382 parietal lobe of 381 commissural fibres of 384 parieto-occipital fissure of 381 complications of agenesis of partial agenesis of 393 393 hypoplasia of 391 hypoplasia pigment-granule cells in de- of 392 generation of 415 convolutions of 381, 389 praecuneus of 382 corpora amylacea of 416 precentral fissure of 381 cortex of 383 projective fibres of 384 cortical centres of 385 quadrate lobule of 382 cuneus of 382 red softening of 417 cysts of 416, 419 regeneration of nerve ele- deficiency of secondary sulci ments of 416 of 390 results of haemorrhage of 422 disorders of circulation of 404 softening of 419 embolism of blood-vessels of rolandian fissure of 381 417 sclerosis of 416 etat crible of 407, 419 blood-vessels of fat-granule cells in degenera- 417 tions of 415 sensory centres of 385 fatty degeneration of blood- softening of 417 vessels of 417 speech centre of 385 fibres of medullary substance subthalamic body of 383 of 384 substantia perforata anterior fibrous cicatrix of 416 of 383 first temporal fissure of 381 superficial temporal fissure of fissures of 381, 389 381 fusiform gyrus of 382 sulci of 381 ganglion cells of 384 sylvian fissure of 381 gyri of 381 temporal lobe of 381 gyrus cinguli of 382 transverse occipital sulcus of haemorrhages of 421 382 heterotopia of grey matter of visual centre of 385 401. white softening of 416, 417 hippocampal gyrus of 382 yellow softening of 417 hypertrophy of 390, 401 chalky deposits in gouty arthritis 280 hypoplasia of 389, 390 chancre, hard 529 .' induration of 419 soft 529 inferior occipital fissure of 381 true Hunterian 535 intraparietal fissure of 381 chancroid 529 ischaemic necrosis of 417 chicken-pox 518 island of Reil of 382 chilblains 510 lenticular nucleus of 383 chiragra 261 lingual gyrus of 382 chloasma cachecticorum 496 location of haemorrhage of caloricum 496 422 toxicum 496 marginal gyrus of 382 traumaticum 496 medullary white matter of 383 uterine 496 minute structure of 389 chlorosis 4 morphology of 381 cholesteatoma of the pia mater of the motor centres of 385 brain 457 neuroglia cells in degenera- choridritis 260 tion of 414 chondroblasts 155 , nucleus amygdalae of 383 chondrodystrophia hyperplastica 204 nucleus of Luys of 383 hypoplastica 202 occipital lobe of 381 malacica 204 occipito - temporal sulcus of chondroid tissue 155 382 chondroma of bone 239 INDEX OF SUBJECTS ix ( The numbers rffer to the pages) chondroma of bone, degenerations of 239 curvature, lordotic 222 ............ the meninges of the brain ......... scoliotic 222 454 cutaneous anaesthesia 502 ............. muscle 312 ......... eruption* due to medicament, chondro-osteosarconiata 242 510 chotuirosarcomata 242 .................. of syphilbt 686 chordae tendineae 35 ......... haemorrhages, idiojuithic 498 choroid plexus, cystic degeneration of 442 ....................... symptomatic cicatrix, apoplectic 424 41»3 Clarke's vesicular column 326 cutis, aenea 41X5 clavus 648 ..... fibroma of 5»JO cloacae 176, 184 cyanosis of the skin 492 cloudy swelling of muscle 297 cylindrorna of tin- spinal im-iunges 379 cnidosis 610 cysticercus of the brain 440 cocci, pyogenic 59 ............... heart 66 coccidia 547 ............... meninges of the brain column of Tiirck 326 458 combination cells of Ramon y Cajal, 325 ................ j>ericardiiun 04 comedo 625 ................ spleen 1 16 comedone 671 .......... cellulosae of bone 244 coinmissural cells of spinal cord 324 ...................... muscle 312 ........... fibres of the cerebrum 384 .......... racemosus of the meningM concretio pericardii 62 of the brain 458 condyloma acuminatuin 550 cystic degeneration of the pineal gland .......... endocystic 647 46;> condylomata lata 537 ........................ pituitary congestive hyperaemia of the spleen 108 connective tissue 63, 71, 75, 87, 88, 91, ..... fibroma 455 98, 111, 163, 166, 185, 192,250,252, ............. of the meninges of the 257, 307, 340 brain 45& contractures 256 cysts, apoplectic 423 ........ arthrogenous 256 ..... maxillary 244 ........... articular 256 ..... of the skin 4«.»9 ........... cicatricial 256 ....... .• • • • spleen 116 ....... myogenous 266 ..... P'al 442 co-ordination centre 386 ..... sebaceous 572 cor biloculare 19 ..... subarachnoid 442 biatriatum 19 ..... subohondral in arthritis defonnan* ............ biventriculare 19. villosum 60 rnrn 548 dandriff 5<0 conm cutaneum 549 degeneration, amyloid, of endocardium ............ a °' *" ndoeardiun, m 4« cranium («ee skull) cretinism 200 concelatio panjfnujnoM 611 • Y •. • • • bural» ln 4,02h:tlial 400. conflation* bulii»« 611 criminals, brain in habitual 402 contuuifonni* 609 crura385 .'] general cxfoliatiw 620 crust, 603, 605 Pai>ill"in;itou« 630 X INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) dermatomycosis furfuracea 545 eburnation of bone 241 dermoid cysts, intracranial 457 ecchymoma 493 dexiocardia 24 ecchymoses 493 diaphysis 198 echinococcus of bone 244 increased longitudinal growth brain 440 of 210 heart 56 diarthrosis 245 meninges of the brain diastematomyelia 328 458 diplococcus intracellularis 443 muscle 312 pneumoniae 59, 346 pericardium 64 pneumo- 314, 346, 373, 429, spleen 116 443, 444 ectasis, arterial 83 diphtheria, lymph-glands in 121 ecthyma 516 spleen in 110 ectopia cordis 24 dislocation 251 eczema 515 ankylosis in unreduced 259 acute 515 changes in unreduced 258 aetiology of 515 complex 251 chronic 515, 516 from caries in tuberculous ar- crustosum 515 thritis 285 erythematosum 515 : deformity, 266, 273 impetiginodes 515 results of 251 impetiginosum 515, 516 spontaneous 261, 262 madidans 515 unreduced 257 marginatum 545 ' drill ' bones 310 papulosum 515 dropsy, meningeal 442. rubrum 515 dropsical degeneration of muscle 297 squamosum 515 ductus arteriosus, persistence of 20, 22 vesiculosum 515 dura mater of the brain, 460 et pustulosum 515 alveolar sarco- elephantiasis 554, 557 ma of 462 acquired 550 carcinoma of 463 aetiology of 551 enchondroma arabum 550 of 463 associated with lymphan- endothelioma giectasis 25, 98 of 462 cavernosa 558 fibroma of 463 dura 552 haematoma of endemic 550 460 fibrous 564 hygroma of 461 glabra 552 lipoma of 463 graecorum 540 morphology of haematangiomatous 564 460 lipomatous 564 osteoma of 463 lobate 564 psammoma of lymphangiectatica 552 462 lymphangiomatous 564 sarcoma of 462 mollis 552, 564 secondary tu- neuromatous 483, 564 mours of 463 papillomatosa 582 syphilis of 461 : phlebectatic 94 tuberculosis of situation of 551 461 sporadic 550 tumours of 462 tuberosa 552 spinal cord, inflammation verrucosa 552 of 380 elephantoid molluscum 563 tumours of 380 embolism of blood-vessels of the brain dystrophy, progressive muscular 294, 303 417 adolescent embolus 38 294 encephalitis, acute haematogenous 439 adult 294 aetiology of 427 infantile focal 429 294. insular 429 INDEX OF SUBJECTS XI ( The numbers refer to the paget) encephalomalacia 417 enchondroina of bone 236 the dura mater of the brain 403 the skin 607 endarteritis 71 deformans, chronic 71 obliterans 76, 71 epiphyte*, oblique displacement of, in rickets 221 epiphytal cartilage 160 epiphysis 198 separation of the 211, 213 epithelioma conlagioKum 647 of the >k in 607 epithelium, deaquamatlon in scale* 606 endocardial thrombosis, calcareous inftl- shred* 606 tration of 32 organisation of 32 endocarditis 33 aetiology of 33 course of 38 diphtheritic 37 • polypous 30 pustulosa 37 pyaemic 37 results of 39, 42 situation of 37 suppurative 37 tubercle-bacillus in 34 ulcerous 37 vegetations 31 verrucosa 30. villous 30 erosion of cartilage 248, 200 eruptions, morphology of 603 erysipelas 622 aetiology of 622 bulloKum 623 crustosum 623 gangraenosuin 623 pusiulo.sum 623 vesiculosum 623 erythema 492, 603 annulate 509 bullosum 609 circinatum 609 rxsinhit iviim niultifonne 600 gyratum 609 iris 609 laeve 509 nodosuin 609 papulatuni 609 warty 30 endocardium, amyloid degeneration of, traumatic <"> combined with hyaline tuberculatum 609 degeneration 32 fatty degeneration of 30 hernia of 51 hyaline degeneration of 32 morphology of 30 inucoid degeneration of 31 sclerosis of the connective tissue of 31 thrombi on surface layer chondroid 109 of 31 fibroid 100 endoneurium 409 fibrous 2: JO endothelioma 98, 240 movable \> alveolar,of tbemeningesof multiple 2 the brain 464 ..~ii.io«;.>r» in ot-tiiriiiu •> spinal menin- ges 378 calcified 562 of the dura mater of the brain 402. .^ skin 558, 600 tuberosum 660 English disease 214 enostosis 236, 238 eosinophile cells 9 epulis, intraosseous 239 ependyma, sclerosis of 435 fibrinous deposits on 458 ephelides 496 epidermal cells, regenerative multiplica- tion of 506 epidermis, desquamation of 601 epineurium 401) urticatum ;>09 ... vesiculosum 609 erythrasma 545 eschar f>00 exanthems 508 exostoses 108, 236. 311 bursate 237 cartilaginous 236 exudation in arthritis 261 facial angle of Camper 206 facies leontina 640 fat-granule cells in degeneration of lh*» cerebrum 415 fatty degeneration of the arterlen 66 blood- vessel* of the brain 417 brain 400 , , , ., fibrous tissue joinu 248 joint cartilage* 248 ,.,... muscle 107 favns 642 felon 624 fibroma of bone 886, 238 the brain 440. cutis 669 I xil INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages') fibroma of the dura mater of brain 463 gangrenous bed-sore 527 spinal cord genu recurvatum 228 380 valgum 226 heart 65 adolescentium 226 meninges of the brain 454 causes of 226 molluscum 482, 663 infantum 226 multiple cutaneous 562 inflammatorium 226 of muscle 312 paralytic 228 nerves 481 traumaticum 226 the skin 562 gigantic overgrowth 207 spinal cord 372 causes of 208, 209 meninges 377 gigantism, partial 208 spleen 116 glanders, acute 542 fibrosarcoma of muscle 312 chronic 542 filaria Bancrofti 551 of muscle 309 fish-skin disease 554 the skin 542 flat-foot, causes of 227 glioma, aetiology of 439 flat papules 537 elongated 350 folliculitis barbae 525 histology of 439 foramen ovale 22 of the brain 436 fourth ventricle 327 spinal cord 372 fracture, green stick 164 situation of 439 of bone 160 size of 438 inflammation in 160 telangiectatic, of the spinal cord injury to periosteum 372 in 160 gliomyxomata of the brain 439 length of time neces- gliosarcoma of the brain 439 sary for repair of 166 spinal cord 372 repair of 160 gliosis 350 fractures, atrophy of bone in 145 Goll's column of spinal cord 327 fragilitas ossium 145, 147 gonococcus 314 idiopathic form of 42, gout, joint cartilages in 246 148 Gower's tract of spinal cord 327 framboesia syphilitica 538 granular degeneration of muscle-fibres non-syphilitica 630 of arteries 66 freckles 495, 560 granulation tissue 48, 61, 63, 111, 124, Friedreich's disease 369 185, 262, 307, 530 frontal lobe of the cerebrum 381 granule-cells, significance of 416 fungus articuli 188 granuloma fungoides 530 funiculus cuneatus of medulla oblongata of the skin 530 327 traumatic 530 spinal cord 327 grutum 571 gracilis of medulla oblongata gumma of the brain 451 327 pituitary body 464 spinal cord 327 skin 538 funnel-breast 229 osteomyelitic 194 cause of 229 furuuculi 525 haematolysis 4 haematoma, arterial 88 ganglion 319 .- of bone 242 -cells, acute destruction of 413 the dura mater of the calcification of 413 brain 460 fatty degeneration of 413 pineal gland 465 of spinal cord 324 skin 493 of the cerebrum 384 haematidrosis 493 sclerosis of 414 haematomyelia 350 wax-like condition of 414 haemoglobin, diminution of, in blood 4 crepitant 318 proportion off in leukae- gangraena nosocomialis 527 mia 6 gangrene, decubital 527 haemoglobinuria, paroxysmal 14 hospital 527 haemo-pericardium 58. of muscle 299 haemorrhage in heart muscle 51 INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) haemorrhages, idiopathic cutaneous 493 heart, parasites of 66 of 5l'e 8kin' neuropathic primary Uim..un of 66 result* uf hviH-nrophy of 28 symptomatic cutaneous rhabdomyoina ,,f 56 , rupture of 48, 68 haemorrhagic infarction of spleen 107 sarcoma of 55 results sclerosis of 49, 64 °f 108 secondary uimoura of 66 haemorrhoids 23, 94 softening ,,f 47 haemosiderm in spleen-pulp 104 stenosis of 4 1 hair 5J_° syphilitic gumma of 66. .abnormal overgrowth of 575 thicknt-ss of 24 .... follicles, wasting of 501 lulu-role of 5». morphology of 572 wall, amyloid degeneration of 32 hairs, ring-streaked 574 weight of 24 halisteresis, new formation of bone in .' hypertrophled 28 1S3 hernia, cerebral 3»8 • • • ossium 140 herpes circinatus 501, 513 hallux valgus 227 facialis 5 IS Haversian canal 169, 171 iris 609, 513 lamellae 187 labialte'siS systems 159 praeputialis 513 heart, actinomycosis of 55 progenitalis 513 aetiology of 26 tonsurans 544 aneurysms of 26 vesiculosua 513, 646 atrophic and degenerative changes syphiliticus 537 of 44 zoster 512 breadth of 24 hidroadenitis 525 carcinoma of 55 hirsuties 575 cicatrix of 54 hospital gantrrene 627 congenital hypertrophy of 24 ' housemaid's knee '317 cysticercus of 56 Howship's lacunae 312 development of 20 hyaline degeneration in tumours of spinal dilatation of 26 meningvs 378 degenerations in 45 of arteries 66 dimensions in 26 lymph-glands 1 1, diminution in size of 26 18 echiuococcus of 56 muscle 298 enlargement of 26 hydatid cysts of dura mater of spinal fibroid cicatrix of 49 cord 380 fibroid induration of 49 hydraemia 3, 4, 6 ...... fibroma of 55 hydrarthrosis 264 haemorrhagic infarct of 47 hydrocephalic micrencephalia 397, 398 idiopathic hypertrophy of 27 partial anenceplialia 397 ischaemic softening of 50 hydrocephalus, acquired 406 length of 24 causes of congenital in- lipoma of 66 ternal 400 lipomatosis of 128 internal 386 lympho-sarcoma of 65 congenital inu-r lal 388 malformations of 17 external 397. .!. milk-spots of 61 internal 397, 398 motor centre of 386 ineningeal 397 muscle, abscess of 53 partial pachymeningitic brown atrophy of 44 4«U calcification of 46, 61 result* of 399 fatty degeneration of 44 ventricular 398 granular degeneration of hydromyelia 349 45 congenital 349 hyaline degeneration of 45 hydroniyelocele 349 simple atrophy of 44 hydro.perirardium 68 waxy degeneration of 46 hydrops bursaruui 317 myxoma of 55 «* vacuo 400, 406 XIV INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) hydrops tuberculosus 282 ventriculorum 406 hygroma 315, 317 acute 317 of the dura mater of the brain 461 tuberculous 319 hypalbuminosis 3 hyperaemic bone, osteomalacia in 152 hyperinosis 6 hyperonychia 575 hyperostosis 162, 178 in syphilis 195 hypertrichosis 575 acquisita 575 hereditaria 575 hypertrophic lymphangioma 560 hypertrophy, concentric 28 eccentric 28 of bone 154 papillae of skin 549 skin 548 the brain 401 simple 28 hyphomycetes 542 hypinosis 6 hypoleucocytosis 8 hypophysis cerebri 464 hypoplasia of brain, causes of 392 icterus 496 icthyosis 554 acquired 552 congenital 654 hystrix 557 nigricans 557 nitida 557 sebacea 570 simplex 556 idiocy as a result of malformations of the brain 402 impetigo 616 contagiosa 516 herpetiformis 616 syphilitica 637 incarnatio unguis 575 index, altitudinal 206 cephalic 206 infective granulomata, of the heart 65 insula 382 interior-cells of spinal cord 325 internal meninges 442 of the brain, hyper- aemia 442 anaemia of 442 isthmus aortae 419 itch 546 jaundice 496 joint-cartilage, mucoid softening of 246 softening of 247. urates in matrix of 246 joints, acute inflammations of 260 amyloid degeneration of the car- tilage of 246 ankylosis of 252 articular capsule of 245 calcareous deposits in cartilage of 246 cartilages of, in gout 246 changes in mature forms of 224, 225 the parts about 256 chronic inflammations of 260 classification of loose bodies in 287 cuts of 262 degenerations of 245 fibrous tissues of 248 development of mature 203 effusion of blood into 262 empyaema of 261, 282 false 166 fatty changes in the cartilage of 245 formation of new 257 gunshot wounds of 262 haematoidin in cells of cartilage of 246 hypertrophic proliferation of 250 hypertrophy of 250 loose bodies in 251, 262, 272, 282, 287 mature forms of 223 mobility of , in arthritis deformans 273 new 252, 257 origin of loose bodies in 287 regeneration of 250 regenerative proliferation of 250 resection of 252 result of acute inflammations of 261 sprains of 251 stabs of 262 synovial membrane of 245 syphilis of 282, 285 tuberculosis of 282 kakke 473 karyokinesis 10, 130 keloid of the skin 566 keratoma diffusum 654 of the skin 459 keratosis 552 pilaris 556 knee joint, serous effusion into 262 knock-knee 226 causes of 226 kyphosis 152, 225 lacunar erosion of muscle 297 resorption in tuberculosis of bone 184 INDEX OF ( The numbers refer to the payet) lathyrus cicera as a cause of scleroses of Icukacniic lympliomata 10 the spinal cord 367 leiomyonia of the skin 6(50 lentigines 405 leontiasis ossea 209 lepra anaesthetica 371, 475 .... bacilli 128, 346, 371, 475 maculosa 540 mutilans 475, 540 .... nervorum 475 nodosa 540 ....'* tuberculosis 640 .... tuberosa 540 leprosy 540 Lombardian 510 of the lymph-glands 128 nerves 475 spleen 115. white 498 leptomeninges 442 leptomeningitis 430 acute 443 serous 444 aetiology of 445 chronic 446 combination of chronic with internal prolifer- ous pachymeningitis 449 fibrino-purulent 444 location of chronic 446 purulent 444, 445 sero-purulent 444. tuberculous 449 leucocytosis 8 lichen 621 haemorrhagicus 493 pilaris 556 ruber acuniinatus 621 planus 522 scrofuloKoruin 521 syphililiciu 5^0 lineae albicantes 600 lipaemia 6 lipoma, arborescent 271 of bone 239 the brain 440 dura mater of the brain 463 spinal cord 880 heart 65 meniiiges of the brain 464 muscle 312 nerves 484 pituitary body 464 skin 507 spinal meninges 377 literature (see references) livedo 492 livor 492 locomotor ataxia 358 locus minoris resistentiae 86 loose bodies in joints 287 ... classification of 287 origin of 287 ' loose cartilages ' 287 lordosis 152 lupus disseminatus et aggregatus 621 crythematosus .v_'n experimental production of 8 discoides 621 inflammatory 8 pathological 8 physiological 8 leucocytes, proportion of various forms of 10 leucomyelitis 346 leucopathia 496 congenita 498 leukaemia 8, 9 aetiology of 10 Charcot's crystals in 10 diminution of red cells in 10 dry residue in 6. » eosinophile cells in 9 heart-clots in 9 lymphatic 9 lymph-glands 130 myelogenous 9, 139 neutrophile cells in 10 splenic 9 without pathological change 10 leukaemic adenia 130 infiltrations 10 lymph-glands, • ma of 130 exedens .'.:;.; exfoliativus 533 exulcerans 633 framboesioides 633 hypertrophirus 633 mamlosus 533 nodosus 533 papillaris 533 scrpiginosuft 688 tuberosus 633 tumidus 633 verrucosus 633 vulgaris 688 Luys, nucleus of 383 lymph 13 lymphadenia 129 progressive 130 lymphadenitis 120 chronic indurative 124 tuberculous 126 lymphadenoid hyperplMta, progtwrive 129 lymphadenoma 129 lymphangitis 96 lymphadeno- fcwue of 97 lymphaugiectasis 97 XVI INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) lymphangiectatic elephantiasis 98 macrocheilia, lymphangiectatic 98 lymphangioma 98 macrocytes 5 of the skin 558 macroglossia, lymphangiectatic 98 of spleen 116 maculae tendineae 61 lymphatics, dilated chyliferous 98 mal del sole 510 occlusion of 97 malformations of the heart, aetiology of tuberculosis of 97 22 lymph, cellular elements of 14 malignant pustule 526 changes in, dependent on changes malpighian follicles of spleen 104 in blood and tissues 14 mal rosso 510 lymph-channels, desquamative catarrh malum coxae senile 266 of 123 perforans pedis 527 fibrinous exudation in senile 266, 275 123 marrow, lymphoid, formed from carti- microbes in 14 lage 248 ly mph -glands, abscess of 123 fatty 248 acute inflammation of matrix, calcined cartilaginous 213 121 measles 508 amyloid degeneration of desquamation in 508 117 medulla oblongata 327, 385 calcification of 124 arcuate fibres of Solly carcmoma of 133 of 327 caseation of 127 decussation of the py- chronic inflammation of ramids in 327 124 displacement of cen- colour of atrophied 117 tral canal in 327 fibrinous exudation in funiculus cuneatus of 123 327 fibroid induration of 125 funiculus gracilis of foreign substances in 119 327 hyaline degeneration of motor centre of heart 118 of 386 hyperplasia of 120 nucleus cuneatus of in diphtheria 121 327 inflammation of 120 nucleus gracilis of 327 lymphosarcoma of 130 olivary body of 327 metastatic growths of 133 paroli vary body of 327 morbid changes in 117 reflex centre of 386 morphology of 117 respiratory centre of proliferation of 120 386 resolution after inflam- restiform body of 327 mation of 123 vaso motor nerve. sarcoma of 131 centre of 386 sarcomatous metastases vocal articulation cen- of 133 tre of 386 simple atrophy of 117 megaloblasts 5 softening of structures melanosis, progressive lentiginous 561 surrounding 120 membrane-bones 196 suppuration of 123 meningeal dropsy 442 syphilis of 128 '. tumours, calcareous concre- tubercle-bacilli in 127 tions in 455 ulceration of adjacent tis- meninges of the brain, alveolar endothe- sues to 120 lioma of 454 lymphoid tissue, danger of large-celled angiomyxoma of hyperplasia of 127 454 large-eel led hyperplasia angiomyxosarco- of 126 ma of 454 lymphoma, malignant 130 angiosarcoma of lymphosarcoma 129 454 of the heart 65 animal parasites pericardium 64 of 458 lymph-vessels, morbid changes in 96 carcinoma of 454 INDEX OF SUBJECTS xvjj ( The numbers refer to the page*) meninges of the brain, chondroma of 464 morbilli 608 cysticercus of 468 laeves 506 cystic fibroma of papulosi 608 455 inorbus niaculosiu Werlhofii 493 dernioid cysts of hat- morrhagc of the heart in 61 457 inorphoea 6<MJ echinococcus of nigra et alba 640 458 mother's marks 668 fibroma of 454 motor cells of spinal cord 324 haemorrhages umcoid tissue 248 into the 370 mucous patches 637 • • * lipoma of 454 multinuclear osteoclasts 173 myxoma of 454 mures articuli 287 myxosarcoma of muscle, abscess of 307 454 amyloid degeneration of 209 osteoma of 454 anaemic degeneration of 293 psammoma of 455 and tendons. Sect, v p. 289 sarcoma of 454 angioma of 312 secondary tu- animal |«irasites of 312 mours of 458 atrophy of, from diKii.se 292 osteomata of spinal 377 " lij>omatous pwudo- tumours of spinal 377 hypertrophic 302 meningitis, cerebro-spinal 373, 444 bony formations in 310 epidemic cerebro-spinal 373 calcification of 299 fibrino-purulent spinal 373 carcinoma of 312 purulent spinal 373 causes of atrophy of 203 seropurulent spinal 373 cells of heart, atrophic and de- spinal 373 generative changes of 44 syphilitic spinal 375 chondroma of 312 traumatic purulent 373 cicatrix of 307 tuberculous 374, 432, 449 cloudy swelling of 297 meningo-encephalitis, aetiology of chron- cysticercus cellulosae of 312 ic 447 degeneration of 297 tuberculous 449 dropsical degeneration of 297 myelitis 347, 373 dry gangrene of 299 tuberculous, and neur- echinococcus of 312 itis 375 fatigue of 291 tuberculous 370 fatty degeneration of 297 mesarteritis 71 fibroma of 312 micrencephalia 390 fibrosarcoma of 312 hydrocephalic 397 gangrenous necrosis of 299 micrococci, pyogenic 73, 74, 92, 170, glanders of 309 314, 340, 373, 428, 429, 443, 517, 527, haematogenous tuberculosis of 629 3(H) micrococcus endocarditis capsulatus 33 healing of abscess of 307 microcephalia 200, 200, 390 hyaline degeneration of 298 microcosmia 200 hyperplasia of connective tissue microcytes 6 of 307 microdactylia 312 hyi*>rtrophy of 304 saicrogyria 391 induration of 307 cerebellar 392 inflammation of 306 micromelia 200, 328 lacunar erosion of 297 chondromalacica 204 length of 291 micro-organisms, pathogenic 176 lipoma of 312 microsporon furfur 645 Hpornatous pseudohypertrophic minutissimum 645 atrophy of 3 miliaria crystallina 611 local anaemia of Mi milium 571 morphology of 291 misplacement of the large blood-vessel* myxoma of .51-' 1 , , m y xosarcoma of .". 1 1' moles 657, 660 m-'umpathii- atrophiM of 298 molluscum contagiosum 647 nucl- 1 :.".'! XV111 INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) muscle, primary tumours of 312 myomalacia cordis, tissue-changes in 48 progressive atrophy of 293 myopathy, primary 293 bulbar paralysis of myositis 306 292 gangrenous 307 dystrophy of 294 progressive ossifying 310 pseudohypertrophic paralysis of purulent 307 303 myotonia, congenital 304 pseudohypertrophy of 301 myxo-nbroma of bone 239 regeneration of 305 lipo-sarcomata of muscle 312 « results of degenerations of 299 sarcoma of the meninges of the rhabdomyoma of 312 brain 454 sarcolemma of 291 muscle 312 sarcoma of 312 myxoma of bone 235, 239 seat of atrophy of 293 dura mater of spinal cord simple atrophy of 296 380 striated fibres of 291 the heart 55 syphilis of 309 meninges of the brain 454 trichina of 312 muscle 312 tuberculosis of 308 nerves 484 vacuolar degeneration of 297 the skin 567 wasting of 297 waxy degeneration of 300 naevi, vascular 557, 558 muscular atrophy, progressive spinal 365 .... pigmentosi 495 fibres, fragmentation of 297 vasculosi flammei 558 mycosis fungoides 630 vinosi 558 microsporina 545 naevus pigmentosus papillomatosus 560 myelin, coagulation of 414 prominens 560 my elite cavitaire 351 verrucosus 560 myelitis 333, 334 pilosus 495, 561 aetiology of 346 prominens 495, 558 central 347 spilus 495 consecutive 347 unius lateris 565 diffuse 345 vascular of the brain 440 forms of 344 verrucosus 495, 560 from compression 345 nails 570, 574 haematogenous 345 exfoliation of 501 haemorrhagic, a focal disease ingrowing 575 345 overgrowth of 575 multiple 345 nanocephalia 200 solitary 345 nanosomia 200 repair after 344 nearthrosis 166, 252, 259 results of 346 necrogenous warts 534 termination of 346 necrosis, central 172 transmitted 347 of cartilage 248, 260 transverse 346 vessel-walls 67 myelocystocele 349 partial 172 myelocytes in leukaemia 9 superficial 172 myelogenous sarcoma of bone 239 syphilitic 194 myeloma of bone 241 total 172 myelomalacia, haemorrhagic 331 nerves 469 ischaemic 331 ascending secondary degenera- myeloplaxes in bone resorption 141 tion of 340 myocardite segmentaire 45 axis cylinder of 469 myocarditis 38 cells of, spinal cord 324 indurative 13 changes in, after disease of the purulent 62 anterior horns 472 segmentary 45 changes in, after diseases of the myocardium, morphology of 44 motor roots 472 wounds of 54 changes in, after section of 470 myohaemoglobin 293, 296 degeneration of 470 myomalacia cordis 45, 47 descending secondary degenera-. seat of 50 tion of 340 INDEX OF SUBJECTS XIX (The numbers refer to the payet) nerves, effect of diseases of the anterior neuroglioma, ganglionic 436 horns on 472 neuroma 482 elements, disintegration of, in ampntational 479 myelitis 344 pampiniform 483 fTi'V re8eneration plexiform 483, MS fibres, destruction of 414 neun,ma,,,,w ,l,.,,ha,,iiasi. 483 neuron 3.17 rate of growth of 478 secondary degeneration of 340 fibroma of 481 haematogenous degeneration of 472 inflammation of 472 inflammation of 470 sympathetic 475 ischaemia of 331 leprosy of 475 lipoma of 484 medullary sheath of 469 myxoma of 484 naevus 565 neuroma of 482 regeneration of 478 sarcoma of 484 simple degeneration of 470 trunk, blood-vessels of 409 tumours of 481 nettle-rash 510 neuromatous elephantiasis 664 neuraxon 324 neurilemma 409, 479 neuritis 470, 473 acute 473 aetiology of 472 chronic 474 disseminated 473 interstitial 470 lymphogenous 473 multiple 473 of roots of spinal nerves 373 parenchymatous 470 proliferous 474 • subacute 474 * syphilitic 474 tuberculous 375, 474 neurofibroma 482 of the skin 563 neurocytes 324 neuroglia-cells in degeneration of the ce- rebrum 414 of spinal cord 324 proliferation of 419 proliferation of, in myelitis 846 sclerosis of 350 neuroglioma 436 .'W6 nodes 503 normoblasts 5 occipital lobe of the cerebrum 381 destruction of, in soften- ing of the brain 420 ochronosis 240 oedema of the skin 492 olfactory centre 385 oligaemia 3, 0 oligocythaemia 4 onychogryphosis 675 onychomycosis favosa 643 tonsurans 645 optic thalanms :>83, 386 functions of 387 putamen of 383 oriental sore 528 osseous hyperplasia 209 system, Sect, iv 135 tissue, new 64 pathological formations of 181 plexiform 169 tumours, aetiology of 235 ossification 196 anomalous processes of, in rickets 215 centre of 198 (liajiliysi.il centres of 198 endochondral 190, 196 epiphysial centres of 198 myelogenouj* disorders of, in rickets 217 of the arteries 67 periosteal 190 disorders of, in rickeis 217 ossifying fibroma 239 osteoarthropathif hi/ivrtmphiamte tTori- ginf IHK Hiiii'/to 178 osteoarthropathy, pulmonary hyper- trophic 178 osteoblasts 165, 159. pelvic bones, tuberculosis of 192 pelvis, lateral expansion of 205 oblique transverse contraction of 205 pseudo-osteomalacic 222 symmetrical transverse contrac- tion of 205 transverse contraction of 206 pemphigus 513 acutus 514 aetiology of 514 chronicus vulgaris 514 circinatus 514 confertus 514 diphtheriticus 513 disseminatus 514 foliaceus 513, 514 gyratus 514 neuroticus 515 serpiginosus 514 syphiliticus 515, 538 vegetans 514 vulgaris 513 Penjdeh boil 528 pentastoma 107 of the spleen 116 , perforating ulcer of the foot 527 periadenitis, purulent 123 periarteritis 71 nodosa 80 pericardial cavity, obliteration of 62 INDEX OF 8UBJBOW xxi ( The numbers rtftr to the page*) pericardia! exudation, absorption of 62 phlebitis, obliterang 91 calcification of 62 proliferous 91, 02 sero- sanguineous suppurative 92 fluid, normal amount of 68 pericarditis 59 adhesive 61, 62 extension of 62 fibrino-purulent 62 purulent 62 sero-fibrinous 60. ? sero-purulent 62 pericardium, actinoinycosis of 63 adhesion of 60 animal parasites of 64 carcinoma of 64 cysticercus of 64 defects of 58 diverticula of 58 echinococcus of 64 ectopia of 68 haemorrhages in 68 infective granulomata of 63 lympho-sarcoma of 64 morphology of 58 passive dropsy of 58 primary tumours of 64 secondary tumours of 64 syphilis of 63 tuberculosis of 63 perichondrium 106 perilymphangitis 96 syphilitic 92 tuberculous 92 phlcboliths 92, 95 phleboscleroHis 91 pia niater 442 of the brain, carcinoma of 466 choleKteatotna of 467 ili.-v.i-iniii.-it.Mi mil- iary tuberculo- sis of 449 haemorrhages in- to n. ; oedema of 442 pearly tumour of 457 solitary tubercle* of 461 spinal cord 373 pigeon-breast 222 pigment-granule cells in degeneration of the cerebrum 415 piles 94 pili annulati 574 pineal gland 460, 465 haematoma of 4i'«5 hyperplastic enlargement of 465. inflammation of 465 perimysium, changes in, in atrophy 301 pathological changes in 466 perineurium 469 periosteum 196 injury to, in fracture 160 spindle-shaped swelling of 163 periostitis 170 albuminosa 174 haematogenous purulent 176 tuberculous 186 periostosis 169 peripheral nerves, structure of 469 nervous system, Sect. VH p. 469 p«riphlebitis 91 syphilitic 92 tuberculous 92 perisplenitis 109 peritonitis in splenic abscess 112 perniones 610 pes equino-varus 228. paralyticus 228. valgus acquisitus 227 petechiae 493 petrosal bone, tuberculosis of 461 phlebectases 93 phlebitis,. hyperplastic 91 psammoma of 466 tumours of 466 pit 518 pituitary body 460 in acromi'galy 464 adenoma of 464 carcinoma of 404 cystic degeneration of "4(54 gumma of 464 hypcrplaatic overgrowth ••f 404 ganglion -cells Inflammation of 464 of 469 lipoma of 404 terminal sense morphology of 464 organsof469 sarcoma of 464 struma of 464 teratoma of 404 tuberculosis of 464 tumours of 404 pityriasis furfuracea capillitii 670 rubra 680 simplex 499 tabescent ium 600 versicolor 646 plasmodium malariae 110 plaamoschisis 6 plethora apoooptica 3 cardiac hypertrophy in 4 XX11 INDEX OF SUBJECTS ( The numbers refer to the pages) plethora serosa 13 a transient condition 4 temporary 3 vera 3 pneumo-pericardium 62 pock 518 mark 518 podagra 261 poikilocythaemia 5 poliomyelitis 346 acute anterior 358, 362 symptoms of acute ante- rior 362 poliosis circumscripta 497 polyarthritis, chronic rheumatic 276, 278 nodular 275 polymyositis, acute primary 306 polypi, nasal 238 polyneuritis 473 polypus, cardiac 46 polytrichia 575 pompholyx 613 pons, functions of nucleus of 387 glioma of 439 results of stimulation of 386 porencephalia 394, 396 porrigo amianthacea 570 decalvans 573 port-wine stains 558 projective fibres of the cerebrum 384 proliferous zone 196 proud flesh 529 prurigo 520 psammomata of the brain 440 dura mater of the brain 467 meninges of the brain 455 pineal gland 465 pseudo-arthrosis 166 -leukaemia 11, 130 -porencephalia 396 psoriasis 519 annularis 619 guttata 519 gyrata 519 nummularis 519 palmaris et plantaris syphilitica 637 punctata 519 seat of 519 pulmonary artery, circumference of 24 stenosis of 17 purpura 493 haemorrhagica 493 papulosa 493 scorbutica 493 senilis 494 simplex 493 variolosa 493, 517 pustule 503, 506 putamen 383 pyaemia, spleen in 109 pyez 498 pyomyelia 350 pyramidal tracts, primary degeneration of, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 365 rabies, virus of 346 rachitis 214 Ranvier's nodes 469 rashes 508 red blood- corpuscles, destruction of 4, 5. corpuscles, nucleated 5 references on acromegaly 181 albinism 498 alopecia 574 anaemia 6 aneurysms, arterio-venous 90 formation of 89 ankylosis 256 aortic stenosis near the ductus arteriosus 24 arteries, atheroma of 72 calcification of 67 hyaline degeneration of 67 sclerosis of 72 arteritis 77 tuberculous 81 syphilitic 81 arthritis, ankylosing 277 chronic dry ulcerative 277 deformans 277 gouty 281 in infective diseases 263 articular syphilis 286 tuberculosis 286 bone, arrest of growth of 213 atrophy of, from disuse 148 cysts of 149, 244 disturbances of growth of, due to mechanical causes 230 halisteresis of 153 hydatids of 244 hypoplasia of 207 inflammatory stimulation of 213 lacunar resorption of 148 leprosy of 195 local overgrowth of 210 neuropathic atrophy of 149 phosphorus-necrosis of 177 premature synostosis of 207 regeneration of 159 repair of fractures of 167 structure of 159 syphilis of 195 tuberculosis of 188* tumours of 243 bone-marrow 138 changes in, accom- panying various dis- eases 140 INDEX OP SUBJECTS \\iii (The number* references on bony hyperplasia from the effects of arsenic and phosphorus 210 brain, abscess of 431 atrophy of 410 cysticercus in 459 cysts of theadventitial lymph- sheaths of 443 choroid plexuses of 443 meninges of 443 defects of 396 function of 387 heterotopia of the grey mat- ter of 403 hyperplasia of the grey mat- ter of 403 ischaemic softening of 421 malformations of, in cretins 403 criminals 403 idiots403 structure of 387 syphilis of internal meninges of 453 traumatic injury of 428 tuberculosis of internal me- ninges of 451 tumours of 440 the dura mater of 404 internal meninges of 458 bursae, diseases of 319 hygroma of 317 cartilages, degenerative changes in articular and other -248 repair of injuries to 252 cerebellum, atrophy of 411 hypoplasia of 392 cerebral haemorrhage 424 sclerosis 435 cerebrum, hypoplasia of 392 chancre, soft 530 corpus callosum, absence of 396 cutaneous horns 550 dermatitis, papillomatous, of the scalp 532 eczema 516 elephantiasis, acquired 553 neuromatous 665 enceplialitis, focal 430 endocarditis 42 endocardium, degenerations of 32 ependymal sclerosis 435 erythema 510 exostoses 210 ganglion 319 ganglion-cells, calcification of 417 glanders, cutaneous 642 refer to the page*) references on granuloma fungoides 531 • • umbilical 632 hair, nodes of 576 .... 