None
INDEX Aqueducts, cut-and-cover, quantities, estimating. 278 drains, 274 expansion joints, 273, 274, 275 flotation, 278 gate-lions, 294 maintenance, 200 reinforced concrete, 375 screens, 292 tunnels, 281-290 waste weirs, 278 water temperature, 276 Arch, deflections, 136, 141 groined, 521, 522, 737, 738 Arfehed dams, 135-147 suitability for site, 115, 135, 143 Arkansas clay auger, 228 Artesian wells, 75, 655 Asphalt, pipe coating, 319, 322, 323 Asterionella, copper sulfate treatment, 699 Atcherley, dam studies, 134 Atmosphere, impuritites, 644 pressure, 468, 625, 626 Atomic weights, elements, 667 Attleboro standpipe, 525, 526, 527 Auger borings, 228 Aterium, pump, 496 Automatic, chemical feeds, 702, 709 crest, dams, 161. B B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 index, 662, 781 inhibited by lactose bile B. coli, 795 copper sulfate destroys, 696 ground waters, 651 Polluted and wholesome waters, 801 presence, interpretation, 787 presumptive test, 786, 795 species, 795 tests, 781 forms, 776 production, 780 in treated water, 787 water supplies, 787 Bacillus, typhoid, vitality, 672, 681 Bacteria, aerated water, 247 denitrifying, 648 in filters, 781 filtration removes, 734, 787 fungi, 797 ground waters, 650 groups, determination, 801 infectiousness, 781 iron, 695, 797 longevity, 672 number, temperature effect, 291, 660 plant life, 657 presence, interpretation, 795 removal, chemicals, 697 coat, 771, 783 slow filters, 771 V8. sand, size, 734 in sewage, 660, 795 soil, 047, 648, 650 growth, 795 species work, 797 storage effect, 97, 681 temperature and growth, 291, 660, 795 test, forms, 775 precision, 780 value, 773, 798, 801 in top soil, 647 soil, 647 growth, 795 species work, 797 storage effect, 97, 681 temperature and growth, 291, 660, 795 test, forms, 775 precision, 780 value, 773, 798, 801 in top soil, 647 soil, 647 growth, 795 species work, 797 storage effect, 97, 681 temperature and growth, 291, 660, 795 test, forms, 775 precision, 780 value, 773, 798, 801 in top soil, 647 soil, 647 growth, 795 species work, 797 storage effect, 97, 681 temperature and growth, 291, 660, 795 test, forms, 775 precision, 780 value, 773, 798, 801 in top soil, 647 soil, 647 growth, 795 species work, 797 storage effect, 97, 681 temperature and growth, 291, 660, 795 test, forms, 775 precision Bacterial flora, 707 Bacteriride, lime in excess, 721 Bacteriological examination of water, 795 value, 773, 798, 801 Bacteriology, bibliography, 797, 798 Bacterioscopic methods, water examination, 786 Baalen-Hadon, springs, 87 Baffles, contact, 729, 730 subsiding basins, 108, 688 walls, settling basins, 108, 688 walls, settling basins, 108, 688 bailers, sand, wells, 218, 222 Balls, mud, filters, 752, 763 Banding, wood pipe, weight, 371 Bands, machine-banded pipe, 362, 364, 366 Barium, carbonate, coagulant, 696 cost, 692 formula, 692 water softening, 697, 720 chloride, formula, 692 solubility, 726 water softening, 721 hydrate, water softening, 719, 721 process, water softening, 725 sulfate, formula, 689 Barometer pressure, American cities, 627 equivalents, 467 Barrages, aprons, 155 Bars, standard upsets, 536 Basic sulfate of alumina, coagulant, 093 cost, 692 formula, 692 Basins, baffles, 108. 688 coagulating, deferrixation plants, 764 rapid sand filters, 768 statistics. 687 water softening, 765 filtered water, 750, 765-769 intermittent va. continuous, 688 sediment removal, 684 settling, arrangement, 686 baffles, 108. 688 currents, 108 typical plants, 765-769 subsiding, statistics, 687. 765-769 types, for sedimentation, 685 Bathing in reservoirs, 673. 674. 675 Bathrooms, water required, 545 Baum arch dam, 143 Bauxite, source of basic sulfate of alumina. 693 Basin's weir formula, 597, 602 Beads, cast-iron pipe, grooves replace, 398 Bearings, steam turbine, 478 thrust, centrifugal pumps, 488 Beds, slow filter, size. 736 Bell, holes, pipe laying, 394 post hydrants, 444 -and-spigot pipe, openings on curves, 395 Belt transmission, efficiency, 497 Bends, continuous stave pipe, 363 head lost, 552. 553. 583 measuring flow. 586 pipe, flanged. 341, 380, 382 Berm, 204, 206, 214 Bitose, pipe coating. 319 Bits, well sinking, 218 Bitumastic enamel, 322, 407 Blackening brass or bronze, 616 Blaisdell machine, filters, 734, 745 operating cost, 784 Wilmington filters, 7 Bleaching powder, 697 applying, 704 disinfectant, 697. 713, 714 cost, 692 formula, 692 slow-sand filters, 766 Blue vitriol, 696 Blocks, concrete, dams, 163 Blow-off, branch, bosses and lugs, 379 valves, location, 410 wooden pipe, 3.59 Boiler, horsepower, 503 iron, specifications, 350 Boilers, 503-510 compounds, 722 cost, 463 evaporation, 461, 464, 503, 504 feed pumps, 474 firing, 508 fixed charges, 465 foaming, 508, 697, 717-719 hard waters, 717 horsepower required, 464 inspection rules, 508 priming, 717, 718 safety valve, 508 scale, analysis, 723 heat losses, 718 type, 505 Boilers, water softening, chemicals, quantities, 721 results, 728 Boiling point, water, 500, 643 Bolt, holes, flanges, 380 lugs, special castings, 379 Bolts, anchor, standpipes, 537 steel tanks, 533 corrosion Boilers, water,  valves, 420 Booster system, air-lift pump, 264 Bored wood pipe, 360 Borings, auger, 228 Borts, 226 Bosses, set-in, 370 Boston formula, service pipes, 556 Bottled water, 784 sterilized, 715 Boulders, reservoir clearing, 103 transportation by flues, 48 wash, wells, 223 well sinking, 223, 228, 231 Box, aerator, 260 sand washing, 740 weir, 598 Box's formula, flow, cast-iron pipes, 558, 561, 562 Brass, blackening, 616 corrosion, 610 cracking, 616 hypochlorite of lime, effect, 260 pipes, flow, 550, 561 Brick, lining, aqueducts, 272, 282 radial, chimneys, 514 sewer lining, durability, 600 Bridges, aqueduct, 280 concrete, temperature range, 121 pipes on, 380, 408 steel pipe, 317 Brine, pumping, 247 Bronze, 615 blackening, 616 corrosion, 610 Shosphor, resistant to coagulants, 704 steel, S. gaging. 72 Brownian movements, molecules, 691 Bubbles, rate of rise, 501 Bucket meter. 457 Buildings, waterworks, cost. 204 life. Cascades, aeration, 690 Casings for wells, 240 California, 222 corrosion, 240 cutter, 231 dimensions, 347 durability, 223, 300 sinking, 220 Cast iron, corrosion, 407, 618 modulus of elasticity, 594 for standpipes, specifications, 636 va. steel, 621 Cast-iron pipe, 379-390 breakages, 387, 393 capaci, m. wooden pipe, 366 coating, bituminous, 407 cost diagram, 390 on curves, 393, 395-398 durability, 407, 618 electrolysis, 416, 618 failure, 391 flow formulas, 555-571, 677, 678 high-pressure, 388 joints, calking, 399 expansion, 387 flexible, 388, 404, 406 wooden wedges, 418 large, flow coefficients, 668, laying, 393-399 leakage, 414 life, 392, 639 reducers, 341, 382, 383 vs. riveted steel, 385, 356 salt marshes, 407, 619 specials, 341, 382, 383 steel-pipe connections, 320 street mains, 391 thickness, 385 trenches, 394 Universal, 389 Castings, aluminum-bronze Castings, Brass and bronze, 616 special, bolt lugs and bosses, 379 coating. 380 for curves in mains, 396. 397 flanged. 341, 382, 383 loss of head, 552. 553. 583 spiral riveted pipe. 338 weak, reinforcing, 399 wooden pipe, 364. 370 Caterpillar tractors, stumps. 106, 107 Catskill aqueduct, cut-and-cover. diagrams, 279, 280 pressure tunnels. 282-289 standard types, 271 steel pipes. 325, 336 burlap covering. 321 joint design. 304-312 manhole. 316 mortar lining experiments, 322-325 pickling. 317 rivet holes, 296 Venturi meter, 455 Caustic soda. 696 cost and formula, 692 Caustic soda, water softening, quantity, 721 Cement, for grouting. 283. 613 pipe. 378 rust inhibitive, 621 sand. 168 solubility, 607 tufa, 608 tufa, 608 ultimate tensile strength in dam. 121 Cemeteries, on watersheds.  discharge losses, 580 efficiency, 401 fire pressure, 484 impellers; 486 motor drive, 407 noise, 487 priming, 404 slip. 475 standard sizes. 403 statistics needed by designers, 402 stuffing box, 487. 404 testing. 480 types, 484 Centrifugal turbines, wells, 241 Cesspool on watershed. 673 Chambers, air. pipe lines, 505 rapid sand filters. 761 suction pipe. 470 floor covers. 204 gaging, aqueduct, 205 grit, cleaning. 684 settling, spring house, 86 steel pipe lines, 320 valve, roof loads. 641 Channel, curves, flow, 266 flow, gaging, 71 linings, 262 mean radius, 262 open. 261-268 Check valves, 441 Chemical, analysis, terms, 788 examination, value, 798 treatment of water, 691-715 Chemicals, bacteria removal, 697, 771, 783 coagulants, quantity, 697 cost, 692, 770 per million gals., 711 devices for applying, 700 dry, feeding, 709 names and formulas, 689 regulation of flow, 717 regulator. 704 solutions, rates of flow, 709 for water softening, 718, 719 Checy's formula, 265 cast-iron pipe, 508 cleaned pipes, 412 wood pipe, 572 Chilled shot method, well sinking, 227 Chimneys, 513-517 Chlorine, available, bleaching powder, 697 color removal, 694 compounds, aeration and storage reduces, 714 disinfectant, 713, 721 free, test, 793 gas. 713 pressures, 712 solubility, 714 weight. 714 liquid, 697, 713 application, 708 cost, 692 disinfectant, 713 formula. 692 rapid filters, 768 slow filters. 766 in natural waters . 800 normal, map, 800 in rain water, 645 taste in water, 714 Chlorine, test, 701 precision, 780 well water, 238 wholesome and polluted waters, 801 Chlorophyll, copper sulfate treatment, 6M odors, 666 Chlorophyll, water colored, 678 Cippoletti's weir, formula, 001 Circular pipes, properties, 551 Cistern, contents, 634 materials, 645 Cities, air pollution, 645 foreign, water consumption, 550 snow pollution, 644 U. S., altitudes, 627 water consumption, 545 weather statistics, 627 Cladophora on canal liming, 201 Clams, organic life increases, 658 Clay, colloidal, coagulant required, 007 coagulation affected, 603 sise of particles, 685, 601 concrete waterproofing, 610 porosity, 83 removal by sedimentation, 688 running, wells, 231 safe flow over, 262 scour, 110 sizes, 607 slopes, 261 turbidity relation, 730 water-bearing, 75, 70, 81 Cleaning water mains, 411 Cleaning water mains, 411 Clearing, reservoir sites, 103-108 Cloudbursts, extent, 08 Coagulants, cost, 602, 770 Electrical production, 605 Feeding devices, 700 Tanks, 260, 701, 704 Coagulation, 601 After-period, 603 period, 710 purpose, 602 Water softening, 710, 721, 765 Coagulation, 601 after-period, 603 period, 710 purpose, 602 water softening, 710, 721, 765 Coal-tar pitch, pipes, 319, 322 Coating, steel pipe, 318-323, 320 Coating, fineness, 664, 788 linear dilatation, 123 turbidity, 50 uniformity, 81, 739 Cold periods, U. S., 635 Collector, main, filters, 754 Colloidal, clay  604 Color of filter, 734 determination, 788 limit, acceptable water, 681 low. oxygen consumed, related, 700 removal, cost, 771, 783 chlorine, 694 rapid sand filter, 771 Storacic, 676, 678, 680 sulfate of alumina, 608 soil stripping, 107, 670 tests, forms, 774, 775 interpretation, 700 typical analyses, 668-671. 801 Coloring matter, coagulant, quantity. 607 Columns, steel tank towers, 632, 530 Dams, masonry, failure, 124, 126, 134 formulas, 128 foundations, 115, 121, 162 longitudinal cracks, 122 pressure lines, 126 pressures at faces, 128 sections, 146, 174-191 sliding, 125 stress experiments, 135 temperature effects, 120, 124 toe, earth filling, 118, 124 upstream face vertical, 127 upward pressure, 115, 116, 124, 168-173 water control, 162 weight, 130, 613 allowance in design, 115 sones for designing, 126 multiple-arch, 144, 147, 160 overflow, 158-161 apron, 153, 154, 157 cross-sections, 174-180 discharge, 601 typical, 166, 167 vacuum, 115, 158 on Porcelain foundations. 152-158 Principal, statistics. 147. 165-173, 215, 216 Regulating, channels, 268 Reinforced concrete, 118, 140 Butter-filled. 192 On sand. 152-158 sheet-pile, 156 Solid V8. rock-fill. 104 State control, 165 Stream control, 208 Wind pressure, 116 Wooden, durability, 361 Day. test, 780 Death rates, typhoid fever, 785 Decay, timber, 361 Deep wells, bacteria, 650 Free ammonia and nitrogen, 648 Deferrisation, 731 Filtration rate, 747 plant, cleaning cost, 784 Control. 764 Rankin, 748 Typical, data, 764 Degrees, water hardness, 717, 791 Dementation, 731. 733 Denatured alcohol, freezing, 636 Denaturing, bacteria, 648 Depth, mean, rivers, 2C2 Depth-recording apparatus, 639 Deserts, rainfall, 22 Devioes for adding chemicals, 700 Dianietors, powers, 554 Diamond drills, wells, 220 Diaphragm method, velocity of water, 71 Diatomaces, copper sulfate treatment, 699 odors, 666 Diatoms, Season, 683 Dickens, run-off formulas, 42 Differential intake, 91 Dilatation, linear, coefficient, 123 Direotograph, pitonicter, 413 Dirt catcher, screens, 293 Disc meter, 456 Discharge, air, 586 Old pipe line, 561 rivers, 49-72 run-off, conversion tables, 624 velocity, size relation, 511 Disease germs, disinfection, 71.1 Diseases, water-borne, 072 Painfection. Embankments, foundations aqueducts, 271, 278 Surfacing, 112 Homogeneous, reservoirs, 198 settlement, 206, 210 sloughing, 205 wave erosion, 108, 205, 214 weight, 210 Enamel, bituminous, 322, 407 Engines, fire, 393 pumping engines. English filter, 734 Erosion by water, 110, 261, 609, 641 Evaporation, 28-39 boilers, 461, 464, 503, 504 coefficient, 31, 47 forests, 111 ice, 34 laws, 28 rainfall rate affects, 28 residue, water analysis, 792 snow, 28, 34 soils, 37 U. S., statistics, 35 vegetation, 39 water surfaces, 30, 34-36 Examination of water, 786-801 Excavating, hydraulic, 213 Excrement, reservoir sites, 106 disinfection, 675 Expansion joints, aqueducts, 273, 274, 275 flumes, 270 lead, 519 masonry dam,  614 Fanning, run-off formula, 42, 277 Farmyard wells, bacteria. 650 Faucets, water consumption, 550 Feed, chemicals, dry. 709 Water, hard, remedies, 717 heating. 506 softening, 696. 718 temperature and vacuum, 510 Ferroohlor, disinfectant, 714 Ferrous and ferric iron. 693 Ferrous sulfate, coagulant. 694, 696 cost. 692, 770 cost to use, 782 dry feed, 709 formula, 689. 692 with lime. 694 quantity required, 699 Fifth powers, numbers, 554 Filter, 734 bacteria, 781 bottoms, 752 controllers, inspection, 772 covered. 683, 737. 738 crib, intakes, 655 domestic, 757 double, 784 effluent, bacteria, 781 safety, 735 English. 734 films, 734 filtration rates, equivalent. 772 gravel, preparation. 739 gravity, 748 intermittent, organic matter, 735 Mechanical. 748-764 (for subdivisions, see Rapid sand filters). Operation, efficiency. 781 periods, 746, 780 plants, cost. 770 life. 639 roofs, 683. 737, 738 Filter, preamire, 748 protection from pollution. 672 for rain water, 645 rapid sand, 748-764 (for subdivisions, see Rapid sand filters). roofs. 683. 737. 738 sand, 734 (for subdivisions, see Slow sand filters). slow sand (tee Slow sand filters). slow, rapid, 734, 749 small, 757 statistics of operation, 773 supervision, 734 system, choice, 734 Filtration, 734 bacteria removed, 734, 787 without coagulation, 691 natural, 75 preliminary, 729 rates, equivalents, 772 flow of chemicals, 709 forms, 776 fineness, coefficient, 664, 788 Fire, engines, 393 hydrants, 447-449 pressure, pumps, 473, 484 pumps, impeller design, 491 service, pressure in mains, 393 water consumption, 518 Fish, copper sulfate effect, 700, 710 Fishing, reservoirs, 675 Fittings, c. i., for wooden pipes, 364, 370 flanged pipes, 341, 380, 383, 384 for steel pipe, 316 well, 242 Fitzgerald's evaporation formula, 29 Five-halves powers of numbers, 554 Flanged fittings, pipes, 341, 380, 383, 384 for steel pipe, 346 well, 242 post hydrant, 445 protection from coating, 321 shrink, 342 standard, 340-345, 381, 383 steel, superheater, 506 steel pipe. 330, 341-345 tank. 345 Flap valves, 442 Flashboards. 159 storage, 101 Float controller. 759 Floats, gaging, 68 Floods, excessive, 48, 160 southern California, 197 Floors, pervious, diversion weirs, 156 reservoir, 519, 611 Flora, bacterial. 797 Flow, air. 586 in pipes. 246 clean vs. foul pipes, 559 through cracks. 603 over dams. 601 disturbance at bends, 586 ditches, 262-268 formulas, c. i. pipes. 555-571, 577, 578 general formulas, 555 measurement by pipe bends, 586 open channels, 262-268 porous medium, 78, 80. 84 rate, indicator, 753, 756 chemicals, 709 recorder. 457 steep slopes, 98 streams, 40-72 temperature, relation, 79. 557 underground waters. 77-84, 747 Flumes, 268-270 wear. 214 Flush hydrants. 449 Foaming, boilers. 508, 697. 717-719 Foot, acre-, equivalents. 623. 624, 628 piece, Air-lift pumps, 251 valve, 440 openings, 470 810 Foot, valve, on  arches, 521, 522, 737, 738 Ground ghu, 92 Ground water, 73-88 albuminoid ammonia, 799, 801 analysis, 801 sampling, 788 appearance, 646 artificial, 656 bacteria, 650 bacteria, 650 bacteria, 650 bacteria, 646 corroding power, 772 flow, 77-84, 747 measurement, 85 gases, dissolved, 648 geological formations, 663 grade tunnels, 282 mineral content, 653 odor, 646 purification, 75, 648 purity, 74, 75 rainfall relation, 235 reservoirs, 88 covered, 522, 683 storage, 88, 522, 683 Stream-flow relation, 235 supplies, inspection, 675 taste, 646 temperature, 79, 646 transmission  326 Temperature cracks, 275 tunnel, 284, 285, 613 Growths, aqueducts and canals. 291 Grubbing reservoir sites, 103. 681 Gutter, rapid sand filters. 750 neltic furnaces, 100 pipe, flues, 40 Boir, & Co. Pipes, part full, hydraulic elements, 553 plate metal. 206-358 reinforced concrete, 372 riveted wrought-iron, 300, 351 riveted steel (we Steel pipe), salt marshes, 407. 619 scraper, 411 service, corrosion, 772, 801 flow, 555, 564 galvanized, w. i., 344 organisms clog, 797 solubility, 801 siphons, 585 spiral riveted, 335-340 flow, 571 steam, flanged, 384 joint compound, 471 pumps, 471 stations, 507 steel, 296-348, 355-358 (see Steel pipe for Subdivisions). Stream crossings, 315, 380, 403-408 Suction, 470, 405, 672 Support on bridge, 408 Swedish, wells, 231 Tapping machine, 400 Thawing, 410 Tuberculated, flow, 556, 561, 563, 576 velocity, discharge, size relation, 551 water, corroded by after-coagulation, 603 electrolysis, 416 water-hammer, 502 Welded steel plate, 347 well, flow, 234 wet connections, 408 wood slave, 350-371 (For subdivisions, see Wooden pipe). wrought-iron, (see Wrought-iron pipe). Piping, for lime, 464 Sand handling, wear, 772 For sand and water, 743. 744 Steam (see Pipes, steam). Wells. 244, 253 Piston speed, pumps. 460, 474 Pit. slush, wells. 224 Pitch. rivets, steel pipe, 207-312, 531 coal-tar, pipes, 310, 322. Pitometer system, pipe testing, 413 Plague, red water, 772 Plane, shearing, lakes, 678 Plankton. 657. 708 Plant life, nitrates, 647 Plants, water purification, cost, 770 Life, 630 roofs, 683. 737, 738 Super vision. 773 Plates, bearing, pressures on masonry, 531 index punching, 208 standpipes, 533, 535 steel pipes, 313 steel tanks, 531 wrought-iron. 300, 350 Plug, wooden pipe laying, 360 steel pipe, 316 Plumbing, corrosion, 773 Plumbism, 772 Pneumatic, calking. 400 water tanks, 580 Pohle's system, air lift, 251 Poisonous metals, 801 Pole-tool method, well drilling Polyzoa, aqueducts. 200 In distribution system. 358 Ponds, source of water supply. 656 Portable drilling rig. wells, 221 Potassium salts, formulas, 680 solubility. 726 Pounds per million gals, conversion diagram, 700 Powder, bleaching (see Bleaching Powder). Power, equivalents, 625 plants, water softening, 718 Powers of numbers, 554 Precipitation (see Rainfall). Water softening, 721 Preferences, 729, 731 Pretreatment of water, 731 Pressures, altitude relation, 467 atmosphere, 468, 625, 626 barometric equivalents, 467, 626 in distribution systems, 302 equivalents, 467, 625 filter, 748 Fire, pumps, 473, 484 reduction, valves, 432-430, 442, 405 regulating valves, 432-430, 442, 405 steam, 500 pumping engines, 474 turbines, 481 tunnel, 282-280 upwards, masonry dams, 115, 116, 124, 168-173 water, 625, 626 waves, pipe lines, 504 Priming, boilers, 717, 718 Prismoidal tanks, volumes, 114 Privy on watershed, 673 Protosoa, bacteria consumed, 672 copper sulfate treatment, 600 food for, 658 odors, 666 Public watering station, 400 Puddle, 613 cores, earth dams, 100, 210, 212 paving, 200 Puddling, 200 Puech-chabal system, prefilters, 729 Pumping, brine, 247 cost, 462, 463, 770 deep well, 246, 250 electrical, 497 engine, compound, 473 cost. 461, 463 cylinder data, 474 delivery pipes, 471 draft. 466 duty. 460 exhaust pipes. 471 fire pressure, 473, 484 I fixed charges, 465 foundation, 470 high-duty. 464, 465 hot-air, 241, 497 installing, 470 life, 465, 639 mechanical efficiency, 460, 497 non-pulatin, 497 pipe connections, 469 piston speed, 469, 474 proposals, 460 reciprocating, 459, 481 sise of units, 459 slip, 474 small, 466, 469 starting, 472 steam consumption, 459 steam pressure required, 474 sweating, 472 triple expansion, 465 water consumption, 466, 510, 545 gas, 406, 513 gasoline, 512 horsepower, theoretical, 468, 620 low-lift, cost, 770 sewage, 247 stations, cost, 204, 464 duty, 467 Earthquake effects, 637, 638 pipes, 507 steam turbines, 483 steam r. gas, 513 water horsepower, 468, 620 Pumps, air, boilers, 500 air-lift, 242-253 d'Auria, 406 boiler feed, 474 centrifugal, 484-406, 580 (for subdivisions, etc.) Chemical feed, 700 dredge, 247 Hulling, 40fl Uftum, MS, IM, 4M Hulling, 1 Botawti Mih W7 Biston box, dwmlad  tumpa. 103. 108. 107, 881 applwa. Inapeetb, 871 temperature of water. SM theomooline, 082 . 103-108 . 820 Water atocaje). 818 INDEX Scrubbers, filters, 729 S«a water, analysis, 671 oxygen dissolved. 794 weight, 626, 628 well interference, 230, 238 Seams, steel pipe, 296 Second-feet, equivalents. 623 Sediment, muddy stream, 661. 664 removal from basins, 684 transportation. 48, 110, 213, 232 Sedimentation. 684-689 basins, arrangement, 686 baffles, 108, 687 currents, 108 typical plants, 765-769 particle sise removed, 686, 687 storage reservoirs, 684 Seeding, toi> soil, 113 Seepage, lining prevents, 268 Self-cleaning method, well drilling. 221 Siervice, connections to wood pipe, 365 curb box, 419 pipes, corrosion, 772, 801 flow, 555, 564 galvaniBe>d, w.i., 344 organisms, clog, 797 solubility, 801 Set-screw bosses, 379 Settlement, embankments, 206, 210 Settling, basins, arrangement, 686 baffles 108, 688 currents, 108 typical plants, 765-769 chamber, spring house, 86 time, particles, 685 Sewaoe, bacteria, 660, 795 disposal, watersheds, 673, 674 effluent, analysis. 801 organisms multiplied, 107 pumping, 247 Sewers, brick lining, durability, 609 run-off, 278 Shafts, centrifugal pump impellers. 486 tunnel. 281, 286. 287, 289 Shale, bearing capacity, 125 water-bearing. 76 Shearing plane, lakes. 678 Sheet-pue dams. 156 Sheet-piling, dam core, 198, 199 Shield, waterworks tunnel, 288 Shifts, point displacements. 134 Shoe, drive well sinking, 220, 225 wooden pipe bands, 359, 362 Shop riveting, steel pipe, 297 Shrink flange, pipe, 342 Shrunk and peened joint, pipes, 340 Shutters, diversion weir, 154 Sieve, sand testing, 60S, 739 Silt, canals. 111 coagulant required, 697 deposition, temperature effect, 686 iron preserved, 610 removal, sluicing, 110 'subsidence, velocity, 684 suspended in water, grades, 685 Silting, reservoirs, 108-111 Hinkerbar, well sinking, 217 Siphons, c.i. pipe specials, 397 pipe, 585 reservoir outlet, 209 spillways, 98 steel pipe, 336 Skyscrapers, water supply, 392 Slabs, reinforced concrete, 295 Slate, water-bearing, 76 plastic, waterproofing, 528 Sleeve, coupling, well casing, 220 wooden pipes, 370 and nipple, pipe tapping, 409 Slichtcr, measuring ground-waters, 85 Slide, rules, hydraulic computations, 551 valves, duplex pumps, 473 Slip, air-lift pumps. 246. 248 joint, steel pipe, 340 purnpinK engines, 474, 475 socket, wells, 231 Slopes, earth stmetures, 206 functions of «, 574 grassing protects, 204 ground-water flow, 70 paving, reservoirs, 203, 520 steep, flow, 98 Sloughing, prevention. 205 Slow sand niters, automatic eontroilen, 748 bacteria removal, coat, 771 beds, sise, 736 cleaning, 742-748. 767 beds out of service, 736 control, 748, 766, 767 cost. 766. 767. 770. 771 cycle, 746 drains, 736 filtration rates, 746, 747 control, 748, 766, 767 gravel, 737, 741. 767 loss of h«id, 736, 747, 752 old M. Soil, aeration. 648 bacteria, 647, 648, 650 gnowth, 795 corroding powers, 621 erosion, 261 evaporation, 37 steel pipes, laying, 327 leakage, 358. 414 rivet beads, 297 life, 357, 639 lines, 355 chambers, 329 valves, 330 mains. 391 manholes, 316 mortar lining. 323, 333-336, 857 pickling. 317 plate material, 313 rivets, 296 pitch, 297-312 salt marshes, 407 shop riveting, 297 siphons, 336 sizes, minimum, 314 spiral. 335-340 flow, 571 standard, dimensions, 345 street mains, 391 temperature effect, 330, 358 testing, 304 thickness, 299 trenches, 331 welded, 347 t». wood, 359, 366 weight, 299 Sterilization, unnecessary, 713 Sterilisers, bleaching powder, 697 Forbes, 713 Stone, paving, reservoirs, 204 Stop planks, 293 Storage, bacteria affected, 97, 681 chlorine compounds reduced, 714 color removal. 676, Deferricating process, 732 filtered waters, 683 flashboards, 101 f (round waters, 88, 522, 683 long, results, 672 micro-organism affected, 082 organism affected, 107, 070, 082 quality in proved, 070 reservoir, reservoirs, 114 reservoir in reservoirs, 93-97. 104, 111 seminence, 084 time. CSO Stovepipe method, well sinking, 217, 222 Strainer, foot valve, 440 rapid sand filters, 751, 753, 754 on section pipe, 470 well, 2.19 air-lift pumps, 253 bored wells, 228, 229 clogging, 23S, 253 hydraulic requirements, 2'^t hydraulic rotary wells, 225 natural, 223 Straps, butt, steel pipe, 288. 302 304 Strata, geological water content, 288 Stratification, earth lines, 315, 289, 403-408 deposits, water-bearing, 77 flow, 40 Grain water relation, 235 records, 42, 50 (10 year, average, 42 gaging. 077-72 hight. bacteria relation, 795 scour. 109 Bource of water supply. 050 Muspended mineral matter, 40. 004 velocities, which, 72 critical, 109 variation, 038 Street mains, smallest and largest, 391 String of tools, well sinking, 217 Structures, waterworks, carbon, 037 life, 039 Stuffing bolts, centrifugal pumps, 187, 494 hyclrants, 410 packing, 425, 478 Stuffing steam turbines, 478 Stumps, reservoir sites, 103, 106, 107. 881 Subaqueous mains, 315, 388, 403-408 Subsidence, theory, 684 Subsiding basins, statistics, 687, 765-760 Suction, Dox, chemical feed, 707, 708 lifting water, 468, 469, 494 limit, wells, 229 pipe, air leaks, 495 installing, 470 pollution, 672  alumina, nasic, 692. 693 carbonic acid, increased, 772 color removal, 698 concrete tank, 260 cost, 692. 770, 782 dry feed, 709 formula, 689, 692 auantity required, 697. 698. 710 Now sand filters, 766 solubility, 726 water-softening, 765 Sulphuric acid, in rain water, 646 pumping, 247 Sunlight, algic acid, 683 bleaching action, 678 germicidal action, 714 Superheated steam, benefits, 466 iping, flanges, 380 ubricants affected, 472 valves, 380, 506 Superheaters, 505 Superstructures, cost, 294 Surface water, albuminoid ammonia, 709 analysis, sampling, 788 bacteria, 660 filtration rates, 747 odors, 060 organic matter, 057 storage required, 676 Hupply, 050 typical analysis, 801 Surges, open channels, 206 pipe lines, 593, 595 Surveys for electrolysis, 410 Suspended matter, sedimentation, 687 Sutro weir, 704 Swamp, formation, 87 rewrvoir sites, treatment, 100, 079 watershed, run-off, 41,  539 capacity, 030, 032 centrifugal pump attached, 495 coagulant solutions, 200, 701, 704 cylindrical, capacity, 030 depth, recording apparatus, 639 earthenware effects, 038 flanges, 345 foundations, 537 flanges, 345 foundations, 537 pneumatic, water, 589 primoidal, volume, 114 pumping to, 497 railroad, dimensions, 543 regulating valves, 437 solution, 200, 701, 704 steel, 530 for rain water, 049 , rivets, 531 sodium chloride, 637 specifications, 530 standard, dimensions, 539 Tanks, steel, m. wood, 540 towels: columns, 532, 530 wooden, 540 dimensions, 542, 543 hoois, 540, 541, 544 specifications, 542 co. steel, 540 Tannin extract, water softening, 721, 722 Tar coating, concrete surfaces, 642 pipes, 310 Taste (water) boiled, 713 chlorine treatment, 714 From iron bacteria, 707 Reservoir stripping, 107 Tec. standard flanged, 341, 380 Split, wood stave pipe, 368 Temper screw, well sinking, 218 Temperature, alge affected, 201 altitude effect, 6 American cities, 8, 627 bacteria number affected, 201, 660, 705 concrete affected, 120, 121, 272 evaporation affected, 28, 33 flow relation, ground water, 70 pipes, 557 Sound water, 70, 646 kes, average, 686 classification, 677 masonry, cracks, 272, 280 stresses, 120, 124 rainfall and run-off relation, 44 reinforcement, dams, 122, 183 southwest U. S., 22 steel pipes affected, 330, 358 stored waters, 686 subsidence time affected, 686 Terminal curtain, overflow dam, 154 Test day, 780 Thermocline, reservoirs, 682 Thermometers, electric, 122 Thermometers, lake, 676 Thermophones, 121, 676 Thread, acme, 446 screw, U. S. standard, 536 Thrust bearings, centrifugals pumps, 488 Tile, pipe lining, 325 Thrust bearings, centrifugals pumps, 488 Tile, pipe lining, 325 roof, gate nouses, 205 underdrains, capacity, 736 well casing, 241 Till, water-bearing, 76 Timber, decay, 361 Time, filling, water main, 581 Timing device, automatic feed, 710 Tin. Typhoid, bacillus. vitality, 672, 681 fever, death rates, 785 water-borne, 672 Ultra-violet rays, steriliser, 715 Umbrella well head, 245, 246 Underdrains, rapid sand filters, 740, 751 slow filters, 736 Underflow, valley, 654 Underground waters (of Ground waters). Underclothes, silt removal. Uniformity coefficient, sand, 81, 730 U. S., cold periods. 035 population using filtered water, 735 Heclamation Service, open channels, 262 Standard flanged fittings and flanges, 380 Weather Bureau, evaporation studies, 30 Rain gauge, 2 Universal cast-iron pipe, 380 Unwin, dam studies, 134 Upsets, bars, standard, 536 Vacuum, dome dam, 142 overflow dam, 115, 158 suction, equivalents, 625 valve, 431 Valves, air. 430 discharge experiments, 432 discharge, on mains, 581 pipe-lines, 410 sise, 587 spacing, cast-iron pipe, 304 wooden pipe, 359, 301 balanced, filter control, 768 blow-off, location, 410 bolt lugs and bosses, 370 by-pass, 420 central control, 440 chamber covers, loads, 641 822 Valves, ehattering, 424 check, 441 cylindrical gate valves, 424 disk, stress, 424 distribution system, sizes, 429 double-gate straightway, 428 drain, chambers, 292 drip, hydrant, 446, 449 electric operation, 426, 440, 752 filter, distant control, 762 flap, 442 foot, 440 openings, 470 pump suction, 494 gates, 420 area of opening, 421 cylindrical, 424 loss of head, 683, 604 instant closure, 593 power to open, 425 standard, 428 geared, 420 ydrant, 446 hydraulic lift, 426 loss of head, 683, 604 life, 639 operation, 410, 440, 762 pressure-refining, 432-439, 442, 495 rate of closing, 693 safety, boilers, 608 seats, bronze specifications, 615 slide, duplex pumps, 473 specifications, 420 standard, makers, 420 steel pipe connections, 330 stem, 421 for superheated steam, 380, 506 testing, 421 throttling, 424 vacuum, 431 weight, 420 Vanes, diffusion, centrifugal pumps, 487 Van Stone joint, 340 Vapor, water, maximum tension, 37 Vegetable acids, 694 Vegetation, evaporation, 39 relation to water-table, 73 relation to water-table, 73 Water affected, 97 Velocity, boulders transported by flood, 48 Computing, streams, 68 Critical, streams, 109 In distribution systems, 576, 583, 586 Equivalents, 624 Flow through porous medium, 78-84, 747 Measurements, ground water, 74, 85 Streams, 67-72 optimum, wash water, 704 pipe size and discharge, 551 Safe, erosion prevented, 109, 261, 262 Setting chamber, 86 Stream, variation, 68 Ventilation openings, well top, 655 Ventilation openings, well top, 655 Venturi meterp, 451-456 automatic chemical feeds, 702 chlorine feed, 706 loss of head, 452, 583 Rapid sand filters, control, 757, 761, 768 register, 451, 706 slow filter regulation, 748, 766, 767 Verdigris, 617 Vessels, speed in canals, 261 Vines, highway cuts, 112 Viscosity, coefficient, ground waters, 78, 79 Voids, determination. 80, 742 Volume per acre, water, 700 Volume and density relation, water, 643 Walls, baffle, settling basins, 108 core, 198-203 cut-off, tunnels, 285 stone, on reservoir site, 103, 105 Walt ham stand pipe, 124, 527, 528 Wash water, conduit, 746 cost, 770 optimum velocity, 764 wash rapid sand filters, 763, 768 Blow filters, 748, 770 velocity and head loss, 751 Waste weirs, aqueduct, 278 reservoirs, 98-104, 161-161 Water, sir in, 590 analysis, 786 bibliography, 708 comparative, 801 forms, 774 ss. ice, 667 interpretation of results, 798 Irecision, 780 unnecessary work, 773 various waters, 668-671 Water, temperature, 75 boiled, taste, 713 boiling point, 509,  domestic. Ohio cities, 416 engines. 466. 510, 545 excess v. average, 518 foreign cities, 550 metered, 411,414-416 unaccounted for, 414. 475 U. S., 645 control, dam construction, 162 cost, 640 cost per capita, 784 cushion, overflow dams. 158. 159 decolorization (ser Color, removal), density. 643 descent of materials, 109 dirty, pumping, 247 drop. 623 equivalent quantities, 623. 628, 629 croding power, 110, 261, 609, 641 examination, 786 bacteriological. 795 feed, hard, remedies, 717 heating, 506 softening, 696, 718 temperature and vacuum. 510 filtered, cost, 783, 784 population supplied. 735 reservoir. 737, 738 safety, 735, 784 r. wells, 74 flow (see Flow), freezing, in pipes, 410 point, 643 general properties, 643 ground, 73-88, (are Subdivisions under Ground water), hammer, in pipes, 592 thickness of c. i. pipes, 385 stand pipes, prevention, 593 hard. 716 hardness. 716 determination, 790 equivalent degrees. 709, 717, 791 polluted waters, 801 source, 716 temporary, 694 test, 780, 790, 800 wholesome waters. 801 horse-power. 459, 629 hot, metering, 456 plumbing corroded, 773 pump size. 469 pumping, 472, 494 softening. 722 hygroscopic. 38 index of frequency, 659 level recording apparatus, 639 light absorbed, 644 measures, equivalents, 628 measurement, pump tests, 489 meteoric, 644 measures, equivalents, 628 power, calculating, 625 pressure, 625, 626 pure, properties, 643 purification, cost, 782, 784 natural, 75, 648 efficiency, 781 quality, cost, relation, 630 quantity, conversion table, 623, 628, 620 salt, weight, 626, 628 Samples, 788 sampling, 773 frequency, 780 and sand, now, 743 sea,  concrete, 523, 610 Watersheds, average rainfall, 6 development, 93-114 Fforestation, 111 Overflow prevented, 97, 104 Physical data, 47 rules and regulations, 673 run-off (see Run-off), sewage disposal, 673, 674 small, run-off, 26. 44 swamp drainage, 679 yield, 40-48, 03 Waterworks, appraisal, 630 structures, earthquake effects, 125, 637 life, 630 superstructures, cost, 294 Watt-meter, testing centrifugal pumps, 480 Wave, action, slopes, 108, 205, 214 canals, 266 pressure, pipe lines, 504 Weber air-lift system, 255 Wedge-rod method, well drilling, 221 We-Fu-Go system, water softening, 722 Weights, atomic, 667 Weir, (dam) diversion, 153 Weirs, (water measurement) 507-602 box, 508 Sutro, 704 trapesoidal discharge, 601 rectangular, discharge, 101, 102, 508 triangular, 600, 708 waste, aqueduct, 278 reservoirs, 08-104, 158-161 Welded steel plate pipes, 347 Wells, 217-255 arrangement, 233 artesian, 75, 655 back-blowing, 253 casings, 240 California, 222 corrosion, 240 cutter, 231 dimensions, 347 durability, 223, 300 sinking, 220 contamination, 77, 656, 675 distance, 648 odor, 646, 665 covers, 240, 654 deep, bacteria, 650 free ammonia, 648 nitrogen, 648 pumping, 246, 250 depth, measured, 237 necessary, 75 drainage, masonry dam, 164 draw. 055 drilling, cores. 217, 226 driven, objections. 230, 241, 654 dug. large. 230 M driven, safety. 241, 654 farmyard, bacteria, 650 fitting, 242 flow, 75, 232, 234 horisontal, 655 hydraulics. 232 va. infiltration galleries, 256, 250 interference, 76, 234 leaks, 240 lining, 054 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking, 217 pipe, couplings, 220. flow, 234 lost supplies restored, 238 oil, sinking Piping, 244, 253 pollution, 77, 656, 675 distance, 648 Wells, pollution odor, 605 protection, 240, 654 pumpa, 241, 497 hot air engines, 497, 498 waste water, 655 screens, 239 air-lift pumps, 253 bored wells, 228, 229 closking, 238, 253 hydraulic rotary wells, 225 natural, 223 sea-water infiltration, 230, 238 sinkine, California method, 217, 222 chilled shot methotl, 227 methods, 217-230 precautions, 227 tools, 217 spacing, 233 specic capacity, 234 suction limit, 229 supply increased, 227 tosting, 235 air lift, 247-251 tubes, corrosion, 223, 300, 655 water, analysis, 670, 801 chlorine, 238 free ammonia, 799 yield, 234 increased, 223 Westerly standpipe, 520, 527, 528 Westinghouse steam turbines, 477 Weston, E. fi., flow formula, 563 Wet connections, pipe, 408 Wheeler filter bottom. 