None
Further, substances standing on the border-lines are indicated as fol- lows: W — A or w — a, difficultly soluble in water, but soluble in hydrochloric acid or nitric acid. W — I or w — i, difficultly soluble in water, the solubility not being greatly increased by the addition of acids. A — I or a — i, insoluble in water, difficultly soluble in acids. If the behavior of a compound to hydrochloric and nitric acids is essen- tially different, this is stated in the notes. Capital letters indicate common substances used in the arts and in medicine, while the small letters are used for those less commonly occur- ring. The salts are generally considered as nomial, but basic and acid salts, as well as double salts, in case they are important in medicine or in the arts, are referred to in the notes. The small numbers in the table refer to the following notes. Notes to Table of Solubilities. (1) Potassium dichroraate, W. (2) Potassium borotartrate. W. (3) Hydro- pen potassium oxalate, W. (4) Hydropren potassium carbonate, W. (5) Hydro- pren potassium tartrate, W. (6) Ammonium potassium tartrate, W. (7) Sodium potassium tartrate, W. (8) Ammonium sodium phosphate, W. (9) Acid sodium born+p W. MO) Hydrogen sodium carbonate, W. (11) Tricalcium phosphate, A. (12) Ammonium maprnesium phosphate, A. (13) Potassium aluminum sulphate, W. (14) Ammonium aluminum sulphate, W. (15) Potas- sium chromium sulphate, W. (16) Zinc sulphide, as sphalerite, soluble in nitric acid with separation of sulphur: in hydrochloric acid, only upon heatinp. (17) Mangranese dioxide, easily soluble in hydrochloric acid: insoluble in nitric acid. (18) Nickel sulphide is rather easily decomposed by nitric acid: very diflficulty by hydrochloric acid. (10) Cobalt sulphide, like nickel sulphide. (20) Ammonium ferrous sulphate, W. (21) Ammonium ferric chloride, W. •Th** followlnir table of Bolubilities, is taken from Fresenius Qualitative Analyais, Well** trauelation of 16th German edition. §322. TABLE OF SOLUBILITIES. 399 (22) Potassium ferric tartrate, W. (23) Silver sulphide, only soluble in nitric acid. (24) Minium is converted by hydrochloric acid into lead chloride; by nitric acid, into soluble lead nitrate and brown lead peroxide which is insoluble in nitric acid. (25) Tribasic lead acetate, W. (26) Mercurius solubilis Hahne- mann!, A. (27) Basic mercuric sulphate, A. (28) Mercuric chloride-amide, A. (29) Mercuric sulphide, not soluble in hydrochloric acid, nor in nitric acid, but soluble in aqua regia upon heating. (30) Ammonium cupric sulphate, W. (31) Copper sulphide is decomposed with difficulty by hydrochloric acid, but easily by nitric acid. (32) Basic cupric acetate, partially soluble in water, and completely in acids. (33) Basic bismuth chloride, A. (34) Basic bismuth nitrate, A. (35) Sodium auric chloride, W. (36) Gold sulphide is not dissolved by hydrochloric acid, nor by nitric acid, but it is dissolved by hot aqua regia. (37) Potassium plantinic chloride, \V — I. (38) Ammonium platinic chloride, W — I. (39) Platinum sulphide is not attacked by hydrochloric acid, is but slightly attacked by boiling nitric acid (if it has been precipitated hot), but is dissolved by hot aqua regia. (40) Ammonium stannic chloride, W. (41) Stannous sulphide and stannic sulphide are decomposed and dissolved by hot hydrochloric acid, and are converted by nitric acid into oxide which is insoluble in an excess of nitric acid. Sublimed stannic sulphide is dissolved only by hot aqua regia. (42) Antimonous oxide, soluble in hydrochloric acid, not in nitric acid. (43) Basic antimonous chloride, A. (44) Antimony sulphide is com- pletely dissolved by hydrochloric acid, especially upon heating; it is decom- posed by nitric acid, but dissolved only to a slight degree. (45) Calcium antimony sulphide, W— A. (46) Potassium antimony tartrate, W. (47) Hydro- gen calcium malate, W. 400 TABLE OF 80LUBIUTIE8. §S2L SOLUBILITY 1 j 1 a i 1 1 1 5 3 1 1  Sulphate.. W'lt-ii w '^M^I'H £ I w-i W ^IVI* W»I,, W W Phoapbate w w. Wp.,1 a a A„ Alt a ■ a a Bomt«.... w, w. w a a a W-a a a a D OaalAt^*.. w. w W a a A 1 a a w~« a 'w-a Tliiorlde. w w W W-M w-a A'l a^i w w W-a a W-* W-« CftrboQste w. w,. W A. Jl A A A A Silicate ^^^ w w a a a a a-l  w w w it A a Ia4 -'J Ferrocy'de . w w w  w a a "W-H w w W w-a a w  w w r-i BeiiM>ftte,. w w MV w w- w w 1 1 Salit-ylftte. w  » -Arsenate,. W W w a , a a a a a a a A i §322. TABLE. TABLE OF aOLUBILITIES. 401 & A i ^ 1 A 1 A 6 A s s a Bf i ^ ^ d ^ a a A„ a a a a&r A« OxW© w a A-I a W-a w a a a a Chromaie w„ W W-A A-I w-a Wp w„ w W w w a Suipbate a A a a a a a a a a a w^ Pboepliaia tt a a a a a w-a a Borate a a a a a a : a 1 a a TV A w a Oxalate Tr-« w w^ a w-a a w w-a W V w Fluoride A &. A a a A a a Cartw>[jato & a a a a SQlcate W W,, I W-l a4 w„ w W.A„ W w„ WiT-l» W w„ W A„ Chlortde w w i wA a-i w w w^ w w W w-a Hromltle W w i W-A A A w a w a I W j w w-a Jqdld^j o-l r a W a a W W CTanlde 1 I 1 a 1 t 1 I 1 w i w-a i F^may^de w w i a A w a w-a a w Hulpboai'dn A a «ii A A An Sji  a w a W-fl a a4i Tartrate w w a a a w-a w a Citrate w w-a w-a a w-a w w W Malate w-» a a a a w-a w w a Su&clDate V A a w-a a w-a a w » BoQZoato  .» Arsenlt^ a a a a a a a a A B Arfl«DaCjt< 402 REAGEyrs. §sn. §323. Reagents.^ During the past two years the reagents for use in qualitatiye chemical analysis at the University of Michigan have been made up on the basis of the normal solution; i. f., the <juantity capable of combining with one gram of hydrogen or with its equivalent is taken in a litre for the normal solution. Kor example: Normal potassium hydroxide, KOH , requires 56.1 grams per litre of solution (not 56. 1 grams to a litre of water), but the usual ])ure ])roduct contains about ten per cent of moisture, so it is directed to use 62.3 grams or 312 grams for a solution five times the normal strength, r)y. Barium chloride, BaClo.2H.O , has a molecular weight of 244.2, but the hydrogen equivalent is (244.2-^-2) 122.1, so for a litre of half-normal solution, X/2, take 61 grams. In the following list of reagents, in the parenthesis immediately follow- ing the formula are given the grams per litre necessary for a solution of the strength indicated. Fresenius' standard follows the parenthesis. Acid, Acetic, HCjH.O, (.?00. 5X), sp. gr, 1.04, 30 per cent acid. Arsenic, H,AsO,.i<, H.O (15, % H^AsO^ ~ 5). Fluosilicic, H,SiF; , §247. Hydrobromic, HBr (40, X/2). Hydriodic, HI (64, X/2). Hydrochloric, HCl (182, 5X, «/). gr. 1.084), «p. gr, 1.12, 24 p. c. acid. Hydrosulphuric, H,S . saturated aqueous solution, §257, 4. Iodic, HIO, (15, J/o, HI0,-7- 6). Nitric, HNO, (:n5. 5N. sp. gr. l.ir>5), np. gr. 1.2. 32 p. c. acid. Nitrohydrochloric, about one part of concentrated HNO, to three parts HCl. Nitrophenic, C.HJNOj) .OH (picric acid). Oxalic, H.C.O,.2H.O , crystals dissolved in 10 parts water. Phosphoric, H,PO. (10, N/2). Sulphuric, H..SO4 , concentrated. Rp. gr. 1.84. Sulphuric, dilute (245, 5N, ftp. gr. 1.153), one part acid to five parts water. Sulphurous, H..SO:, , saturated aqueous solution. Tartaric, HjC.H^O^ , crystals dissolved in three parts water. Alcohol, C,H^O , ftp. gr. 0.si5, about 05 p. c. Aluminum Chloride, AlCl, (22. N/2). Nitrate, Al(NO,),.7%H.O (58, X72). Sulphate, Al2(SO,)3.1sH,0 (55. X72). Amm^onium Carbonate, (NH4)..C0, (240, 5N), one part crystallized salt in four parts water, with one part ammonium hydroxide. Ammonium Chloride, NH.Cl (267, 5X), one part salt in eig-ht parts water. Hydroxide, NH4OH (85NH5 . •'>N, sp. gr. 0.9G4), »p. gr. 0.96, 10 p. c. NH,. Ammonium Molybdate, (NHJ^MoO, (36MoOn , X/2, §75, 6(f), 150 g. salt in one litre of NH.OH , pour this into one litre of HNO, , sp. gr. 1.2. Ammonium Oxalate, (NH4).C204.2H30 (40, N/2), one part crystallized salt in 24 parts water. Ammonium Sulphate, (NHJ.SO^ (33, N/2). Sulphide, (NH«)oS, colorless, three parts NH«OH , saturate with H,S and add two parts of NH«OH. •In the (rreater number of cases, reagents should be "chemically pure." DilTerentuses require dllTerent degrees of purity. An article of sodium hydroxide contaminated with chloride may be used in some operations ; not in others. Those who have had training io analysis can do without speciflo directions, which cannot be made to cover all circumstances: and the beginner must depend on others for the selection of reagents. REAGENTS, 403 Ammonium Sulphide, (NH«)2Sx , yellow, allow the colorless to stand for some time or add sulphur. Antimonic Chloride, SbCl^ (30, N/2). Antimonous Chloride, SbCl, (38, N/2). Arsenous Oxide, As.Os (S, N/4), saturated aqueous solution. Barium Carbonate, BaCO. , freshly precipitated. Chloride, BaCl2.2H20 (01, N/2), one part salt to 10 parts water. Hydroxide, Ba(OH)2.vSH2 (32, N/5), saturated aqueous solution. Nitrate, Ba(N0,)2 (05, N/2), one part to 15 of water. Bismuth Chloride, BiCl, (52, N/2, use HCl). Nitrate, Bi(NO.),.5H20 (40, N/4, use HNO,). Cadmiimi Chloride, CdCl^ (46, N/2). Kitratc, CdiNO, \ ,- H (77, N/2). Sulphate, CdS0,.4H,0 (70, N/2). Calcium Chloride, CaCl,.tiH,0 (r»5, N/2), dissolve in 5 parts water. Hydroxide, Ca(OH) , , n saturated solution in water. Nitrate, Cb(NO,),.)H,0 (59, N/2). Sulphate, CaSOi.i^H^O , a saturated solution in water. Carbon Disulphide^ CS.. , color k-i^s. Chromic Chloride, CrCl^ (25, N/2). Nitrate, CrrNO,), (40, S/2). Sulphate, CrjSOJs.lsHjO (60, N/2). Cobaltous Nitrate, Co(NOJ,j'>H.O (7?., N/2), in 8 parts of water. Sulphate, CoSO,.TH,0 (70, N/2). Copper Chloride, CuCi,.:^H-.0 (Ki. N/2). Nitrate, Cu<NO0>.'JH,O |74, N/2). Sulphate, CUSO4.5H2O (62, N/2), in 10 parts water. Cuprous Chloride, CuCl (50, N/2, use HCl). Perric Chloride, FeCl, (27, N/2), 20 parts water to one part metal. Nitrate, Fe(NO,),.9H20 (67, N/2). Ferrous Sulphate, FeS04.7H20 (80, N/^, use a few drops of H2S0« , Gold Chloride, HAuCl^.nHjO , solution in 10 parts water. Hydrogen Peroxide, 3 p. c. solution. Indigo Solution, 6 parts fuming* H2SO4 to one part indigo, pulverize, stir and cool, allow to stand 48 hours and pour into 20 parts water. I^ead Acetate, Pb(C2H,02)a.3H30 (95, N/2), dissolve in 10 parts of water. Chloride, PbCL , saturated solution, N/7. Nitrate, Pb(N6,)2 (83, N/2). Magnesia Mixture: MgS04 , 100 g.; NH4CI , 200 g.; NH«OH , 400 cc; H2O , 800 cc. One cc. = 0.01 g. P. Magnesium Chloride, MgCh.eH,© (51, N/2). Nitrate, Mg(NO,)2.6E20 (64, N/2). Sulphate, MgS04.7HoO (62, N/2), in 10 parts of water. Manganous Chloride, MnCl2.4H26 (50, N/2). Nitrate, Mn(NO,)2.6H20 (72, N/2). Sulphate, MnS04.7H20 (69, N/2). llTercuric Chloride, HgCl. (68, N/2), in 16 parts of water. Nitrate, Hg(N6,)2 (SI, N/2). Sulphate, HgS04 (74, N/2). Mercurous Nitrate, HgNO. (131, N/2), one part salt, 20 parts water and one part HNO,. Nickel Chloride, NiCls.eHsO (59, N/2). Nitrate, Ni(NO,)2.6H,0 (73, N/2). Sulphate, NiS04.6H20 (66, N/2). Palladous Sodium Chloride, Na,PdCl4 , in 12 parts water. Potassium Arsenate, K2AsO« (26, 1/' K3A8O4 -i- 5). Arsenite, KAsO, (24, % KAsO, -f- 3). Bromate, KBrO, (14, % KBrOj -^ 6). Bromide, KBr (60, N/2). Carbonate, KXO, (207, 3N). Chlorate, KClOn , the dry salt. Chloride, KCl (37, N/2). 404 REAGEXTS. §323. Potassium Chromate, X^CtOa (49, >72), in 10 parts water. Cyanide^ KCN (^3, N/2), in four parts water. Bichromate, K^CrsOY (38, Va. K^Ct^O^ -t- *)• in 10 parts water. Ferrocyanide, K«re(CN),.3H,0 (33, N72), 12 parts water. Ferricyanide, K,Fe(CN)« (55, N/2), in 10 parts water. Hydroxide, KOH (312 [90 p. e. KOH], 5N). lodate, KIO, (18, y^ KIO, -ir 6). Iodide, KI (83, N/2), diKsolve in 20 parts water. Mercuric Iodide, K^Hgl* , Nessler^s solution, §207, 6k. Nitrate, KNO, (50, N/2), the crystallized salt. Nitrite, KNO, , the dry salt. Pyroantimonate, K^HsSbjOr.GHsO , see §70, 4c. Permanganate, KMnO^ (16, 1/2 KMnO« ~ 5). Thiocyanate, KCNS (49, N/2), in 10 parts water. Hydrogen Sulphate, KHSO4 , fused salt. Sulphate, K,SO« (44, N/2), in 12 parts of water. Platinic Chloride, HsPtCl^.eHjO , in 10 parts of water. Silver Nitrate, AgNO, (43, N/4), in 20 parts of water. Sulphate, Ag..S04 , saturated solution, N/13. Sodium Acetate, NaC.jH,03.3H20 , in 10 parts of water. Carbonate, NajCO, (159, 3N), one part anhydrous salt or 2.7 parts of the crystals, NajCGs.lOH.O , in 5 parts of water. Chloride, NaCl (29, N/2). Tetraborate, Na3B«O7.10H3O, ftorax, the crystallized salt. Hydroxide, NaOH (220 [90 p. c. NaOH], 5N), dissolve in 7 parts of water. Hypochlorite NaClO, §270, 4. Nitrate, NaNO, (43, N/2). Phosphate, NaaHP04.12H20 (60, N/2), dissolve in 10 parts of water. Phosphomolybdate, §75, (icf. Sulphate, (35, N/2). Sulphide, Na^S , one part NaOH saturated with H^S to one part of NaOH , unchang"ed. Acid Sulphite, the dry salt. Sulphite, Na,S0,.7H:,0 (63, N/2), in 5 parts of water. Acid Tartrate, NaHC4H40« , in 10 i)arts of water Thiosulphate. Na.S..03.5H.O , in 40 parts of water. Stannic Chloride, SnCl, (33, N/2). Stannous Chloride, SnC1..2H.O (50, N/2), in 5 parts water strongly acid with HCl. Strontium Chloride, SrCL.OHjO (67, N/2). Nitrate, Sr(N6,)3 (53, N/2). Sulphate, SrSO« , a saturated aqueous solution. Zinc Chloride, ZnCL (34, N/2). Nitrate, Zn(N6,)-6H20 (74, N/2). Sulphate, ZnS04.7H30 (72, N/2). INDEX. PAGE Acetates, detection of 251 ignition of 259 with ferric salts 154 Acetic acid 240-251 estimation of 251 glacial 250 formation of 250 occurrence of 249 preparation of 250 properties of 249 reactions of 250 solubilities of 250 Acids, detection of, notes on 389 displacement of weak by strong. 180 effect of concentrated sulphuric upon 378 list of 13 precipitated by barium and cal- cium chlorides 386 preparation of 395 separation from bases 368 table of, precipitated by silver nitrate 387 table of separation of 388 Alkali carbonates, with third and fourth group salts 142 group 221 hydroxides, action on double cyanides 265 hydroxides, detection of in pres- ence of carbonates 262 hydroxides, reactions with 221 Alkalis, on third and fourth group metals 140 Alkali metals 5 Alkaline earth metals 5 earth metals in presence of phos- phates 220 earths, relative solubilities of . . . 204 Alkali sulphides, as reagents. 308, 309 action of, on stannic salts 86 action of, on stannous salts.... 85 Alloys, analysis of 367 with copper 104 Alumlntim 142-146 acetate 144 compounds, ignition of 146 PAOB Aluminum, detection of 146, 162 distinction from chromium 148 estimation of 146 hydroxide, formation and prop- erties 144 hydroxide, solubility in ammo- nium chloride 161 occurrence of 143 oxidation of 146 oxide and hydroxides 143 phosphate, separation of 145 preparation of 143 properties of 142 reduction of 146 phosphate, separation of 146 separation of, from iron by Na^SaO, and NajSO; 145 separation of, from Cr and 4th group by basic acetates 143 separation of, from glucinum... 196 salts, reactions of 143 salts, with hydrosulphuric acid.. 145 salts, with phenylhydrazin 144 solubilities 143 Alums 145 Ammonia, occurrence 229 formation of, from nitric acid.. 278 . preparation of 229 properties of 229 Ammonium 229-233 arsenomolybdate 62, 98 benzoate, in separation of Cu from Cd 107 carbonate, as a reagent 230 carbonate, in separation of As , Sb and Sn 119 chloride, as a reagent 231 chloride, in the third group.... 161 chloride, with PtCl* 95 compounds, solubilities of 229 cyanate in formation of urea... 271 detection of 232 directions for detection 236 estimation of 232 hydroxide, as a reagent 230 hydroxide, as a distinguishing reagent for the first group.... 54 406 IXDEX. PAGE Ammonittm hydroxide, detection by mercuric chloride 232 hydroxide, preparation and prop- erties of 229 molybdate, preparation of 98 molybdate, test for phosphates. 302 molybdate, with arsenic acid 67 oxidation of 23:^ phosphomolybdate 98 picrate, formation of 230 polysulphide, formation of 231 salts, detection by Nessler's re- agent 231 salts, ignition of 232 solution to be tested for 23G sulphate, in separation of stron- tium and calcium 220 sulphide, as a reagent 231 sulphide, formation of 230 sulphide, preparation of 307 sulphide, on iron and zinc groups 18'*, sulphide, yellow, formation of.. 115 sulphide, yellow, in separation of cobalt and nickel 185 sulphide, yellow, in cupric salts. 115 test for nitric acid 281 thioacetate as a substitute for hydrosulphuric acid 307 Analysis of alkali group 230 proximate 14 operations of 13, 20 ultimate 14 Anions, table of separations of... 38S Antimonic acid 70 distinction from antimonous 122 reduction to antimonous by stan- nous chloride 78 salts, action of hydriodic acid on 78 sulphide, precipitation of 77 antimonites 74 Antimonous argcntide 70 compounds with silver nitrate. , 78 iodide, formation of 78 oxide, formation of 70 salts with permanganates 78 salts with chromates 78 sulphide 74 sulphide, precipitation of 77 Antimony 72-S2 acids of 72 compounds, reduction with char- coal 80 detection of, in allovs 367 PA6I Antimony, detection of 80 detection of traces of ; 121 distinction from arsenic 7s estimation of 81 in the test for aluminum 16;^ metal with hydrosulphuric acid. 6<» mirror 65 notes on analysis of 121 occurrence of 72 oxidation of 81 oxides of 72 pentachloride 74 preparation of 72 properties of 72 reduction of 81 reduction to metallic 70 salts 74 separation from arsenic by per- oxide of hydrogen 120 separation from arsenic 64 separation from tin by sodium thiosulphate 78 separation from tin 81 solubility of 73 spots 66 sulphide, separation from arsen- ous sulphide 121 sulphide, separation from stan- nous sulphide 121 with iodine 6i> Argt>l, purification of 252 Arsenates, distinction from arsen- ites 70, 71 separation from phosphates 290 Arsenic 56-72 acid, precipitation by hydrosul- phuric acid 114 acid, reduction by hydrosul- phuric acid and hydriodic acid. 61 acid, reduction with sulphurous acid 60 acid, with ammonium mol^-bdate 67 acid, with molybdates 62 acid, with nitric acid 66 acid with silver nitrate 67 antidote for 62 compounds, ignition of 69 compounds, with concentrated hydrochloric acid 61 compounds, with magnesium salts 61 compounds, with stannous chlor- ide 80 detection of 70 detection of. in poisoning 6-^ distinction from antimonv 78 INDEX, 407 PAGE ArseniCy estimation of 70 in glass tubing 70 metal with hydrosulphuric acid. 66 method of Fresenius and Babo.. 68 mirror 64, 65 notes on analysis of 121 oxidation of 71 oxides of 57 occurrence of 57 pentasulphide, formation and* properties of 60 preparation of 57 properties of 56 reaction with alkali sulphides... 59 reaction with hydrosulphuric acid 59 reduction of 71 reduction by stannous chloride. 61 separation from antimony 64 separation from antimony by peroxide of hydrogen 120 separation from Sb and Sn by use of thiosulphates 60 spots, formation of 64 spots, properties of 66 sulphide, separation of, from Sb,S3 121 sulphides with ammonium car- bonate 118 trichloride, formation in analysis 61 with peroxide of hydrogen 71 with hydrosulphuric acid gas... 67 with iodine 66 with nitric acid 66 ArseniteSy distinction from arsen- ates 121 Arsenous hydride 64 oxide, crystals, identification of. 67 sulphide, solubilities of 58 sulphide, with HCl gas 67 Arsine 64 from alkaline mixtures 64 reactions with KOH 121 separation from stibine 65 with hydrosulphuric acid 60, 65 Atomic weights, table of 1 Azoimide (hydronitric acid) 274 Barium 205-208 carbonate, action on ferric salts. 368, 369 second group of 12 silver group of 13 sixth group of 11 third group of 12 tin group of 13 zinc group of 12 Beryllium 195 Bismuth 100-104 blowpipe, reactions of 103 chloride, sublimation of 103 detection of 103 detection in alloys 367 detection by cinchonine 102 detection as iodide 103 detection by alkaline stannite... 103 detection of traces of 102 dichromate 103 estimation of 103 408 INDEX. PAGE Bismttth hydroxide, solubility in glycerol 101 iodide, stability toward water... 103 nitrate, precipitation with HCl. 101 nitrate, reactions 101 notes on analysis of 128 occurrence of 100 oxidation of 104 oxides and hydroxides of 100 oxychloride, formation of 101 pentoxide, reaction with halogen acids 101 preparation of 100 properties of 100 reactions of, comparison with Cu and Cd 112 reduction by grape sugar 104 salts, reaction with the alkalis.. 101 separation from Cu by glycerol. 101 solubility of 100 sulphide, formation of 102 sulphide, separation of, from CuS 102 . sulphide, separation of, from tin group 302 Blowpipe, examination of solids. . 374 Blue vitriol 105 Bonds, plus and minus 238 Borates, green flame by ignition of 246 in analysis 54 reactions of 246 Borax, bead, formation of 247 bead, test for Mn 184 bead, use of 365 Boric acid 245-247 estimation of 247 formation of 245 occurrence of 245 • preparation of 245 properties of 245 solubility of 246 Boron 245 Bromates, detection of 349 estimation of 350 ignition of 349 preparation of 348 solubilities of 349 Bromic acid 348-350 properties of 348 reactions of 349 Bromides, detection of 347 detection in presence of iodides. 391, 392 estimation of 348 formation of 345 Bromides, ignition of 347 solubilities of 345 with first group metals 346 Bromine 342-344 detection of 344 estimation of 344 formation of 343 occurrence of 343 preparation of 343 properties of 342 reactions with 343 solubilities of 343 Brown ring, test for nitric acid. . . 280 Brucine, reactions with nitric acid 281 Gacodyl oxide, test for acetates... 250 Cadmium 110-112 detection of 112 estimation of 112 hydroxide 110 notes on analysis of 129 occurrence of 110 oxide 110 separation of 110 properties of 110 reactions of, comparison with Bi and Cu 112 separation from Cu by KCNS... Ill separation from Cu by glycerol. . 105 solubilities of 110 separation from Cu by Na^SsO, and NOsCO, Ill salts, absorption by gaseous sub- stances, separation from Cu... Ill salts, fused with K^S 112 salts, with alkaline tartrates, separation from Cu Ill salts, with alkalis 110 salts, with ammonia Ill salts, with barium carbonate 111 salts, with ])yrophosphates, sepa- ration from Cu Ill salts, reactions with Na:2S203 , separation from Cu Ill salts, reduction of by metals.... 112 salts, reduction of by ignition. . . 112 Caesium 233-234 Calcium 210-214 carbonate in spring water 211 carbonate, solubility of 218 detection of 213 detection of by spectrum 213 estimation of 213 group 203 group, directions for analysis of. 218 INDEX. 409 PAOE Calciiun hydroxide, formation and properties 211 hydroxide, formation by NajS.. 213 hydroxide, to detect COj 212 oxide, formation and properties. 210 occurrence of 210 peroxide 211 preparation of 210 properties of 210 salts with Na^S 213 salts, separation of oxalic from phosphorJf (it'id by 212 ^eparatioti from Ba and Sr by (NH,),SO, .., 211 separation from Ba and Sr by muyl alcohol 211 solubilitiea of 211 Biilphatf', separation from stron- tium hiilphate 209 siilphnte, solubility in ammo- iihnu sulphnti^ 220 sulphate, to detect strontium... 213 Carbon 247-249 detection of 249 preparation of 248 properties of 247 reactions of 248 reduction by ignition with 248 rel:iti*pti*s t>f 10 solubilities of 248 dioxide 238-263 dioxide, absorption by CaCOH),. 261 dioxide, detection in sodium car- bonate 262 dioxide, detection by calcium hy- droxide 212 dioxide, distinction from H,S , SO, W O, etc 261 dioxide, formation of 259 dioxide, occurrence of 259 dioxide, properties of 259 monoxide 254, 255 Carbonates, acid, decomposition of 230 decomposition of, by acids 262 detection of 262 detection of traces 390 estimation of 263 ignition of 262 occurrence of 259 preparation of 259 reactions with 260 Carbonic oxide, formic anhydride. 254 Caasins' purple 93 Cerium 193 Chili saltpeter, occurrence of 277 PAOB Chloric acid 339-341 formation of 339 preparation of. i 339 properties of 339 separation of, from nitric acid.. 391 Chlorates, detection of 341 distinction from nitrates 392 estimation of 341 formation from chlorine 329 ifiCiiIliou of 340 oxlrlatiod by ignition of 341 preparation of 339 rt'Qctioui^ with 339 sohiblllties of 339 Chlorides, detection of 149 detection of, in presence of bro- mides 335, 336, 391 detection of, in presence of cy- auide.s or thi*»eyaiii\tes,. .335, 392 formiition of 331 ifriiition of 334 Chloride of lime, formation of.... 337 estimation of, by H^Oa 287 Chlorine 327-330 action on metals 328 detection of 330 estimation of 330 formation of 327 occurrence of 327 peroxide, formation and proper- ties 338 as an oxidizer 328 properties of 327 solubilities of 328 CMorochromie test for chlorides. 335 an hyd ride 149 Chlorous acid, formation and de- tection 338 properties of 337 Chromates 150 with As'" 149 with antimonous salts 78 use in separation of barium.... 207 in test for HCl 149 with ferrous salts 158 reduction of by HjS 149 reduction of, by hydrochloric acid 149 Chromic acid, identification of... Chromium hydroxide, solubility in ammonium hydroxide and manganese in third group separation metal, solubility of occurrence of oxides and hydroxides oxidation of properties of preparation of reduction of oxide, solubilities of salts, solubilities of salts, reaction of separation from Fe by NajSgOs and Na,SOs separation -from Al and Fe by H,0. separation from fourth group .. Chromous salts Cinchonine as a test for bismuth. Citric acid 251 detection of oxalic acid in distinction from tartaric properties and reactions Colloidal sulphides of the fourth group Color, flame tests Columbium, distinction from Ti.. separation from tantalum properties and reactions Cobalt 103- bead test detection of detection of in presence of Ni by H,0, cobalticyanide separation from nickel estimation of hydroxide metal, solubilities of nitrate, effect of ignition with.. occurrence of oxidation of oxides and hydroxides properties of phosphate, a distinction from Ni preparation of reduction of saits, with alkalis salts, with barium carbonate... salts, solubilities of separation from nickel by ether, separation from nickel by KNO, 1G2 163 147 147 147 150 147 147 150 147 147 148 145 150 14S 148 102 -252 251 251 251 184 305 201 103 193 -16S 167 168 185 166 16S 161 164 365 164 168 164 16:i 167 164 16S 165 165 164 164 166 PAOt Cobalt, separation from nickel by KMnO« 167 separation from nickel by ni- troso-/?-naphthol 166, 185 Colloidal sulphides of fourth group 184 Color, flame tests 365 Columbium, properties and reac- tions of 193 distinction from Ti 201 separation from tantalum 198 Copper 104-110 acetoarsenite 108 analysis of, notes 128 arsenite lOS compounds with cyanogen 107 detection of 109 detection of traces of, with H^S. 108 detection of, in alloys 367 detection of, with HBr 108 electrical conductors 104 estimation of 109 ferrocyanide, formation of 107 group, metals of 56, 100 hydroxide of 104 occurrence of 104 oxide of 101 preparation of 104 properties of 104 precipitation of, by iron wire... 109 reactions of, comparison with Bi and Cd 112 reductit)n of, by KCNS 107 reduction by ignition 109 salts, detection by potassium xanthate 107 salts, reaction with zinc-plati- num couple 109 salts, reduction of, with HaPO, . 107 salts, separation of, from Cd by Na,P,07 *. 107 salts, solubilities of 105 traces, loss of 115 traces of, with K^FeCCN), 107 separation of, from Bi by gly- cerol * \. 101 separation of, from Cd by gly- cerol 105 se])aration of, from Cd by NajS.Os and NajCO, ill separation from Cd by nitroso- /y-naphthol : 107 separation from Cd by ammo- nium benzoate 107 INDEX. 4H PAGE Copper, separation from Pd 106 Cream of tartar, formatiou of.... 252 Cuprammonium salts 106 Oupric hydroxide in 13^4 OH 105 hydroxide, effect of boiling 106 hydroxide, formation of 106 hydroxide, with glucose 106 hydroxide, with tartrates... 105, 106 salts, reaction with glucose 105 salts, reaction with iodides..... 108 salts, reaction with Na^SsO, .... 108 salts, reduced by SO, 108 sulphide colloidal lOS sulphide, formation of 107 sulphide, separation from Cd by HsSO^ 108 sulphide, solubility in (NH4),S,. 108 sulphide, solubility in KCN 108 sulphide, with K^S 115 sulphide, with (KH4)aS, 115 Cuproua iodide 108 oxide, formation of, by glucose. 105 salts, oxidation of, by ASsO,.... 110 salts, with metallic sulphides... 107 salts, separation, from Cd by S. 107 sulphide, formation by NaaS^O,. 108 thiocyanate, formation of 107 Cyanates, detection of, in presence of cyanides 271 Cyanic acid 271 Cyanide of silver, distinction from chloride 265 Cyanides, detection as thiocyan- ate 267 double, dissociated by acids 264 double, not dissociated by acids. 265 estimation of 267 guaiacum test 267 ignition of 266 cyanides preparation of 264 reactions with 2">4 simple, with mineral acids 265 solubility of 264 transposition by acids 267 C3ranog^n properties and reac- tions 263 Danger and Flandin, detection of arsenic 69 Pecomposition of organic mate- rial 362, 363 Didymiunx 194 Dialysis, separation from organic material by 361 PAOB Diphenylamine test for nitric acid .., 281 Dissociation, ele6t)rDlytic 20 Dithionic acid, formation and properties 314 Dragendorif's reagent 102 Electrolytic dissociation 21 Epsom salts 304 Equations illustrating oxidation and reduction 396 rule for balancing 239 Erbium. 195 Ethyl acetate, odor of 250 Everett's salt 154 Fatty material, removal of 363 Ferric acetate, formation of 250 acetate, separation of from chro- mium 154 basic nitrate, separation from aluminum 158 and ferrous compounds distinc- tion 16*> hydroxide, antidote for arsenic. 62 phosphate, formation of 156 salts, detection of traces 15S salts, with acetates 154 salts, with BaCO, 153 salts, with HI and iodides 158 salts, with H,S 157 salts, with H.iFO, 156 salts, with K,Fe(CN)a 155 salts, with K^FeCCN). 155 salts, with KCNS 155 salts, with stannous chloride. ... 89 salts, separation from ferrous sulphate 153 Ferric thiocyanate, distinction from ferric acetate 154 hindrance to reactions of 155 Ferricyanides, in distinction be- tween Co and Nl 166 reactions of 270 Ferrocyanides, detection of 269 detection and estimation 271 reactions of 268 Ferrous iron in the third group... 364, 371 Hydriodic acid 353-356 action on antimonic salts 73 action on arsenic salts 61 on ferric salts 158 as a reducer 354, 355 formation of 353 Hydrobromic acid 344-348 detection of Cu with lOS formation of 345 occurrence of 345 preparation of 345 properties of 345 reactions of 345 Hydrochloric acid 330-336 action on SbjSj 77 action on bismuth nitrate 102 effect of excess in second group. 113 formation of 331 formation from MgrClz 216 gais on iirf^LMjit^ sulphide 67 occurrence of 331 preparation of 331 properties of 330 reactions with 332 solubilities of 331 Hydrocyanic acid 263-267 formation of 264 occurrence of 264 on PbOa 264 preparation of 264 properties of 263 solubilities of 264 Hydroferricyanic acid 269-271 Hydro ferrocyanic acid 267-269 «e pa ration from hydroferri- fviHTie acid 2^0 Hydrofluoric ncid 2S9 Hydrofluo silicic acid (fluosilicic acid) 289 Hydrogen 243-244 absorption by Pd sponge 131 estimation of 244 detection of 244 INDEX. 413 PAGE Hydrogen, formation of 243 nascent 244 occluded 244 occurrence of 243 preparation of 243 properties of 243 reactions with 243 reducing" action of, with ignition 244 solubilities of 243 peroxide, detection of 287 peroxide, estimation of 287 peroxide, estimation of bismuth with 104 peroxide, formation Cfi 286 peroxide, occurrence of 286 peroxide, on sulphides of arsenic and antimony 120 peroxide, preparation of 286 peroxide, properties of 285 peroxide, reactions with 286 peroxide, reagent to separate Co from Nl 185 j)eroxide, separation from ozone 237 peroxide, separation of Al , Fe and Cr with 150 peroxide, solubilities of 286 peroxide, with arsenic 71 Hydronitric acid 274-275 'Hydrosulphuric acid 306-311 action on copper salts 107 action on ferric salts 157 aqueous solution 113 dissociation of 114 formation of 307 gas as a reagent 113 gas on arsenic 67 gas on antimony 67 occurrence of 307 on aluminum salts 145 on stannic salts 86 on stannous salts 85 on third and fourth group salts 141, 161 preparation of 307 properties of 306 uses as a reagent 30S with arsenic acid 114 with oxidizing agents 114 Hydrosulphurous acid 314 Hydroxylamine, formation and properties 278 Hypobromotis acid, formation and properties 348 Hypochlorites, detection of 392 formation of 337 PAOB Hypochlorites, formation from chlorine 329 on arsenic 66 Hypochlorous acid 337 Hyi>oiodous acid, existence of. . . . 351 Hyposulphites, detection of 296 ignition of 296 Hypophosphites in formation of PHs 296 Hypophosphoric acid 298 Hypophosphorous acid 295-297 estimation of 297 formation of 295 preparation of 296 properties of 295 reactions of 296 solubilities of 296 with bismuth salts 102 formation and properties 295 Hjrposulphurous acid 314 Imperial green 108 Indigo test for nitric acid 281 Indium 196 Ink, sympathetic 154 lodates, detection of ....'. 359 estimation of 359 formation of 359 ignition of 357 reactions of 358 Iodic acid 357-359 formation of 357 preparation of 357 properties of 357 reactions of 358 Iodide of nitrogen 351 Iodides, detection of 356 decomposition by HNO, 281 detection as Pdl, 131 estimation of 356 formation of 353 ignition of 356 occurrence of 353 reactions of 354 separation of, from bromides and chlorides by "KULiiO^ 176 solubilities of 353 Iodine 350-352 detection of 352 estimation of 352 formation of 351 liberation by copper salts 108 occurrence of 351 on antimonous salts 78 on antimony 66 414 INDEX. PAOB Iodine, action on arsenic 66 preparation of 352 properties of 350 reactions of 351 separation from Br by Pd 133 solubilities of 351 Ions 21 Ionization and solution 20, 24 Iridium 132-133 Iron ,. 151-159 and zinc groups 140 group 142 group, separation from Co , Ni , and JCn by ZnO 158 detection of 162, 103 detection of traces in copper 154 detection of traces 154, 155 estimation of 159 hydroxides 152 solubilities of 152 in relation to metals (> solubilities of 152 occurrence of 151 oxidation of 150 oxides 152 preparation of 151 properties of 151 reduction 159 salts, ignition of 15S salts, solubilities of 15 I salts, with alkalis 15.) salts, with nitroso-/3-naphthol. . . 154 salts, separation from Al as basic nitrate 15S separation from Al and Cr by nitro80-/?-naphthol 154 separation from Cr and Al 154 separation from Ni by xanthate. 170 Lanthanum 197 Lead 29--M) acetate, properties of 32 chloride 34 cnni])ounds, ignition of 35 cliromate, formation of 35 chloride, precipitation of 53 detection of 3r> detection in alloys 3fi7 estimation of 3(> in the test for Al lO:*. iodide, formation and properties 35 notes on analysis of 127 occurrence of 20 oxidation and reduction 3r> oxides of 20 Lead oxides, solubilities of 90 preparation of 29 properties of 29 red 29 relation to nitrogen family 7 salts, reactions 32, 35 salts, solubilities of 31 solubilities of metallic 30 sulphate, formation and proper- ties of 34 sulphide, formation and proper- ties of 33 tests for i 54 Leblanc-soda process 259 Lithium 234-236 Lime, slacked 211 stone (CaCOs) 213 Light, action on silver salts 50 Magnesia mixture 145 Magnesium 214-216 as a reducing agent 216 detection of 216 estimation of '. 216 hydroxide, formation 214 occurrence of 214 oxalate, separation of, from K and Na 215 oxide, formation of 214 preparation of 214 properties of 214 removal for detection of sodium. 236 salts, with ammonium salts 215 salts, with arsenic acid 61 salts, with Na.S 215 salts, solubilities of 214 Malachite 104 ManganateSy identification 392 Zlianganese 172-177 detection of 176, 186 estimation of 177 hydroxides of 172 hydroxides, solubilities of 171 ignition of 176 in third group 161^ 1G3, 184 occurrence of 172 oxidation of 177 oxidation to permanganic acid.. 175 oxides 172 oxides, solubilities of 173 preparation and properties 172 reduction of 177 reduction by sulphites 175 salts, reactions with oxalic acid. 174 salts, solubilities of 173 INDEX, 415 PAGE salts, with alkalis.... 174 sulphides 175 from zinc with acetic 184 of 173 176 ?id 172 i 62 law of 22, 58 )niiun compounds ... 30 loride with stannous 88 ormation and proper- 41 ► ith KaS 115 37-15 42 , igfnition of 43 ,nd estimation of 44 42 nalysis of 367 of 37 )f 45 • ■.*.... •11 1 and i^roperties of... 37 tions 39, 43 lilities of 38 of 37 nalysis of 126 jification 10 375 paration 376 )ric acid 299 acid 83 gnt 43, 232 salt 230 tion 365 ; 211 in analysis 54 hates 98 97 d 97 ; 97-90 b in second group 99 )f 99, 122 of 99 its 99 lalysis of 123 of 97 hydroxides 97 1 and properties 97 ^ests 99 of 97 rogeu ou nitric acid.. 278, 281 detection by reduction to nitrite. 2S1 dissociation, by heat 279 estimation of 282 formation of 277 indigo test 281 sodium salicylate test 281 with phenol 281 with pyrogallol 282 with brucine 281 in separation of Sn , Sb and As. 119 416 INDEX. PAGE Nitric acid, occurrence of 277 on antimony 66 on arsenic 66 preparation of 277 products of reduction 278 properties of 277 Nitric anhydride, formation of.... 278 oxide 104, 275, 215 Nitrites, decomposition by igni- tion 276 detection of 276 test for nitric acid 281 Nitroferricyanides 270 Nitrogen 273-274 chloride 62, 120, 327 xjombination with elements 274 detection and estimation 274 family 7 formation, occurrence 274 peroxide 277 properties 273 Nitro80-/i -naphthoic separation of Co and Ni 166, 185 separation of Cu from Cd 107 with iron salts 154 NitroprUssides 270 Nitrous acid 276-277 as a reducer 276 formation of 276 occurrence of 270 as an oxidiz^T 276 properties of 276 reactions with 276 solubilities of 276 Noble metals, enumeration 7 Nordhausen sulphuric acid 322 Notes on detection of acids 389 on analysis of calcium group. 218, 219 071 analysis of third group 161 Order of laboratory study 24 Organic substances, removal of.. 362, 363 Osmium 133 Osmotic pressure 21 Oxalates, decomposition by igni- tion of 390 decomposition by oxidation 390 detection of 258 distinction from tartrates. .253, 389 estimation of 258 ignition of 258 in 3d, 4th and 5th groups 189 reactions of 256 solubilities of 256 Oxalic acid as a reducer 8S6 decomposition of by St80« tSi formation of 2SS in separation of gold 92 occurrence of 8S5 preparation and properties of... SS3 solubility of 216 Oxida t Jaa , ^ balancing equations in. S38 Oxidizing flame 363 Oxygen 282-884 as a poison 284 combinations with ignition 284 detection of 284 estimation of 284 formation of 283 occurrence of 282 preparation of 283 reactions with 284 Ozone 284 separation from HjOs 287 Palladium 131-132 distinction from gold and plati- num 131,132 separation from copper 106 sponge 131 Falladous iodide in analysis 131 Paris green 62. l^ Pentathionic acid, formation and properties 316 Perchlorates, preparation and properties 341, 342 Perchromic acid 151 Periodic acid 360 system, table of 2 Permang^anates, identification .... 392 action on antimonous salts "!* Permanganic acid 1T3 Persulphuric acid 336 Phenol reaction for nitric acid 2S1 Phenylhydrazine, on aluminum salts 144 Phosgene, formation 254 Phosphates, changes by ignition. 30.1 detection 162, 303, 390 distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary 301 estimation of 304 in presence of third and fourth group metals. 142, 188. 189. 191. 192 occurrence of 299 reaction with ammonium molyh- date 188, 302 separation as ferric phosphate.. 188 INDEX. 417 PAOB Fhosphatesy solubilities of 300 FhosphideSy formation of 30.i Phosphine 205 Pliosphoric acid 298-304 preparation of 300 properties of 298 Pliosphorio anhydride, formation of 299 PhosphorouB acid 297-298 detection of 298 preparation and properties of... 207 Phosphorus 293-295 detection and estimation of 295 in combination with the halo- gens 294 occurrence and preparation of. 29:) properties of 292, 294 use in match-making 293 Phosphotungst&tes 135 Picric acid, in detection of potas- sium 224 Plaster of Paris (calcium sul- phate) 213 Platinized asbestos 94 Platinum 93-97 black , 93 apparatus, care of 95 chloride, as a reagent 95 distinction from palladium. .131, 132 detection of 96, 122, 367 estimation of 96 iridium alloys, properties 132 notes on the analysis of 123 occurrence of 94 preparation and properties. .93, 94 reduction of 95, 96 sponge 93 Polarity 3 Potassium 222-226 as a reducing agent 226 bichromate, in test for stron- tium and calcium 219 carbonate, as a reagent 223 chlorate, in preparation of oxy- gen 283 chloride with platinum chloride. 95 cyanide with copper salts 107 cyanide with ferrous salts 154 detection of 223, 226 estimation of 220 ferricyanide, formation of 269 ferrocyanide, formation of ..265, 267 hydroxide, as a reagent 223 iodate, in separation of alkaline earths 207 PAOB Potassium iodide, as a reagent 224 iodide, in separation of Ag^l from SbCla 120 iodide, in the test for nickel.... 185 iodide, on nickelic hydroxide.... 171 iodide, on permanganates 176 nitrite in separation of cobalt from nickel 160 occurrence, preparation and properties of 222 picrate 224 py roantimonate 73, 228 salts, flame test 225 thiocyanate with copper salts... 107 thiocyanate with iron salts 155 xanthate, for detection of copper 107 Powder of algaroth 75 Praseodymium 194, 197 Precipitates, formation and re- moval of 17, 18 Principles 393 Problems in molecular propor- tions 19 in synthesis 397 Prussian-blue, formation of.. 155, 266 Purple of Cassius 89, 93 Pyroantimonic acid 73 Pyrogallol, as a test for nitric acid 282 Pyrophosphoric acid, formation.. 299 Pyrosulphuric acid, formation. 322 Reagents, care in the addition of. 17 list of 402 Reducing flame, description of. 226,22? pyroantimonate 73,80 pyrophosphate with copper and cadmium 107 salicylate test for nitric acid... 281 sulphide, preparation of 30$ thiosulphate on cupric salts.... 108 thiosulphate with third group metals 145 thiosulphate with antimony salts 78 Solids, conversion into liquids.... 366 decomposition upon ignition. 370, 371 effect on ignition with cobalt nitrate 372 preliminary examination of.... 363 separation of 17 table for preliminary examina- tion 370 Solubility, degrees of 15, 16 Solubility-product 23 Solutions, conversion into solids.. 367 Solution and ionization 20-24 Solvay soda process 260 Sonnenschein's reagent 9S Stannic salts, solubilities S4 sulphide, formation and proper- ties of 86 Stannite, alkali, as a test for bis- muth 103 Stannous chloride on mercury salts 43 chloride as a reducing agent SS chloride with gold salts 93 chloride with molybdic acid 99 salts, distinction from stannic salts 123 solubilities 84 salts with sulphurous acid S6 salts with silver nitrat-e 87 sulphide, formation and proper- ties S3 Stibine, decomposition by soda lime \ 79 formation of 79 reaction with fixed alkali hy- droxides 79 reaction with silver nitrate 79 separation from arsine 65 Strontium 208-210 detection of 210,213 estimation of 210 hydroxide, formation 20^ occurrence of , 208 IXDEX. 419 PAGE Strontium^ preparation and prop- erties of 208 sulphate, distinction from CaSOf 209 sulphate; separation from BaSOf 209 Sulphates, detection and estima- tion of 326 ignition of 325 preparation of 322 reduction by ignition with carbon 249 solubilities of 323 Sulphites, detection of 321 distinction from sulphates 321 estimation of 321 ignition of 321 interference in test for oxalates. 390 preparation of 318 separation from sulphates by Ba salts 207 solubilities of 319 Sulphides, detection and estima- tion of 311 formation of 307 ignition of 310 reactions of 309, 310 solubilities of 28, 308 Sulphur 304-306 combinations on ignition of 306 detection and estimation of 306 formation of 304 in the tin group 118 occurrence of 304 oxidation by reagents 305, 306 oxides 304 precipitation of 53, 114, 115 preparation and properties of... 304, 305 reactions in forming sulphides.. 305 relations of 9 separating copper from cad- mium 107 solubilities of 305 Sulphuric acid 321-326 detection in presence of sul- phates 326 formation and occurrence of.... 322 properties of 321 reactions with 323, 324, 325 separation from Se 139 separation from Fe 137 anhydride, preparation of 322 Sulphurous acid 318-321 on arsenic acid 60 and sulphites as reducers 320 formation of 318 reduction of cuprie salts 108 PAGE Sulphurous acid, occurrence of... 318 preparation and properties of... 318 solubilities of 319 on stannous salts 86 Synthesis, problems in 397 Table for acids as precipitated by barium and calcium chlorides. 386 for acids precipitated by silver nitrate 387 for acids, preliminary 378 for analysis in presence of phos- phates by the use of alkali ace- tates and ferric chloride 191 for analysis in presence of phos- phates by use of ferric chloride and barium carbonate 192 for analysis of the Silver Group (first) 52 for analysis of the Copper Group (second) 124 for analysis of the Tin Group (second) 116 for analysis of the Iron Group (third) 160 for analysis of the Zinc Group (fourth) 183 for analysis of the Calcium Group (fifth) 217 of grouping of the metals 375 of separations of the metals.... 376 of separation of the ammonium sulphide precipitates of the Iron and Zinc Groups 187 of solubilities 398 Tannic acid with iron salts 154 Tantalum, distinction from silica. 198 distinction from titanium 198 properties and reactions of 198 separation from columbium 198 Tartar emetic, composition of 252 Tartaric acid 252-254 in detection of potassium 223 distinction from citric acid 251 formation and properties 252 Tartrate calcium, deportment with water 253 detection of • 253 distinction from citrates 253 distinction from oxalates. .. .253, 389 estimation of 254 Tartrates, ignition 253 reactions 253 solubilities 252 Tellurium 137-138 420 INDEX. PAOE Tellurium, distinction from sele- nium 138, 140 properties and reactions of 137 separation from sulphuric acid.. 137 Tenorite 104 Terbium 198-199 Tetrathionic acid, formation and properties 315 Thallious iodide 199 Thallium, properties and reac- tions 199 Thioacetate in formation of sul- phides 307 Thiocyanates, reactions with 272 Thiocyanic acid as a reducer 273 properties of 272 Thionic acids, table of compari- sons 317 ThioBulphateSy detection of 313 distinction from sulphates and sulphites 314 estimation of 314 igTiition of 313 formation and properties of 312 Thiosulphuric acid 312-314 Third group reagents 141 Thorium 199-200 Tin 82-S9 creaking of 82 detection of 88, 122, 307 estimation of 88 Group, metals of oii Group, separation from Cojiper Group 115 Group, sulphides with (NHJ.Sx ll."> occurrence of 82 oxidation of 88 oxides and hydroxides 82 preparation and properties of... 82 notes on the analysis of 123 relation to Nitrogen Family 7 reduction by iguition 87 salts with the alkalis 84 salts with hydrosnly)huric acid.. 8r) separation from antimony 81 separation from arsenic 118 solubilities of 83 sulphides, colloidal 115 separation from antimony sul- phides 121 Tin with antimony and with arsenic 87 Titanium . .'. 200-201 distinction from columbium 201 distinction from tantalum .. W •properties and reactions of 200 separation from thorium 200 Trithionic acid, formation and properties 315 Tungsten, properties and reac- tions 134 Tumbuirs blue . ; 155 Unit of quantity 22 Uranium, properties and reactions 201 Urea, from ammonium cyanate... 271 Valence, negative 3 Vanadium 135-136 Volatile alkali (ammoninm hy- droxide) 221 Water, action on bismuth salts... 101 action on antimonous salts 75 Welsbach burners 203 Wolf ramium (tungsten) 134 Widfenite 07 Ytterbium properties and reac- tions 202 Yttrium 202 Zincates, formation of 179 Zinc nSlJ^l detection and estimation of ^'^ Family 5 granulated 63, 17S Group, table for anah'sis 1^^ Group, comparative reactions... 1^- hydroxide and oxide 1''' ignition of l^^'* occurrence of 1'** oxidat ion of 1^^ platinized 178, 24-^ preparation and iiroperties 1^^ reduction of 1^^ salts, solubilities and reactions of 1T9 sulphide, formation in presence of acetic acid 1'^ Zirconium 202-203 latalogue of the Scientific Pwhlications and Importations of D. Van J^ostrand Com- pany, 23 Murray Street and 27 Warren Street, Jfew York. 