None
hrucei, 80, 94 — with trypanosomes, 80 discovery of true malarial parasites by, 157 — — latent forms of trypanosomes, 74 on Leucocytozoa, 153, 742 Trypanosoma pecaudi, 95 and Franchini, inoculation experi- ments with Crithidia fasciculata, 104 with Herpetomonas cteno- cephali, 103 — — with H. pattoni, 103 and Mesnil, isolation of sarcocystin, 191 — — — on the spore of Sarcocystis tenella, 193 " Trypanosomes et Trypano- somiases," 617 and Thiroux, treatment of sleeping sickness, 623 Laverania, characters, 164, 569 — nialarice (Plasmodium falciparum), crescents of, 162, 167, 168 sites of development, 169 — — cultivation of, clumping in, 172 — cultures of, number of spores produced, 172 development, duration of, 167 distinctive characters of, 169 — — invasion of spleen by, 168 — — — — merozoites, number of, 168 number in one red blood cor- puscle, 167 oocysts of, in stomach of Ano- pheles, 163 ookinete of, in stomach of Anopheles maculipennis, 162 parasite of malignant tertian or sub-tertian fever, 167 and quotidian malaria, 167, 633 — ^ pathological effects, 634 question of varieties or sub- species, 167 " signet-ring " stage, 167 sporozoites, 169 stages of development in intes- tine of Anopheles maculipennis, 162 — — synonyms, 167 trophozoites of, 167, 168 Leo, R. J., creeping disease, 729 Leeches in upper air passages, 699, 700 cases reported by various authors, 699, 700, 701 mention among ancient writers, 699, 700 — invading body, means of riddance, 701 — see also Hirudinea, Rhyncobdellidos Leeuwenhoek, opposition to theory of spon- taneous generation, 10 Leger, L., classification of Coccidiidea, 141, 142 — genus Crithidia, 104 — researches on Coccidia, 137 Leger, M., proportion of population in Tonkin infected with Glonorchis en- demicus, 260 Leger, M. and A., proposed classification of Leucocytozoa, 153 Leichtenstern, bothriocephalus anaemia, 646 — toxic symptoms following thymol ad- ministration, 686 Leidy, genus Endammha, 31, 34, 734 Leignathus sylviarum, 493 Leiper, R. T., Gastrodiscoides, 236 host of Filaria loa, 601 — — identity of (Esophagostomum hrumpti with (Es. apiostomum, 444 report of Bilharzia Mission under, 277 Leipzig, frequency of infection of various organs of animals with echinococcus slaughtered at, 347 Leiseri ng, percentage of rats infected with Trichinella, 427 Leishman, Sir W. B., experimental re- searches on infection with Spirochceta duttoni, 117, 118 on parasite of Indian kala-azar, 105 treatment of Indian kala-azar, 626 Leishman-Donovan body, see Leishmania donovani Leishman granules in Laelaps echidninus, 493 Leishmania, 67, 104 ' — donovani, 105 cause of Indian kala-azar, 105, 626 cultivation methods, 106 inoculation experiments with, 107 localization of infection, 105 morphology, 105, 106 possible mode of transmission, 107 — evolution from flagellates of inverte- brates, 739 — infantum., cause of infantile kala-azar, 105, 109, 627 cultivation methods, 109 immunity to, 112 in dogs, 110 — — inoculation, 110 animals suitable for, 110 probable transmitter. fluke, 241 Leucocytogregarina, 154 — canis, life-cycle diagram, 155 transmission from dog to dog by tick, 155 Leucocytogregarines, 154 Leucocytosis in bilharziasis, 642 Leucocytozoa, action of, on red blood cells, 153, 742 — classification proposed, 153 — hosts of, 153 — morphology of, 153 — schizogony of, 153, 742 Leucocytozoon type of Iloimosporidia, 152 — lovati, schizogony in, 153 — ziemanni, schizogony in, 153 Leucomaines, effects on living organisms, 9 Levaditi, cultivation of spinal ganglia of rabid monkeys, 210 Lewandowsky, infection with Demodex fol- liculorum, 708 Lewin, expulsion of Ascarides, 693 Lewis, finding of intestinal amoebae, 29 — studies of filariasis, 391 Leydenia, 49 — gemmipara, 49 in ascites, 49 association with possible ascites and malignant growth in abdomen, 49, 50 characters of, 49 — — cytoplasm containing blood corpuscles, 50 pseudopodia of, joining several in- dividuals, 49 Leydig, psorosperms, 181 Lice, Ilerpetomonads in gut of, 103 — transmission of relapsing fever by, 120 — wingless, owing to parasitic life, 3 — see also Pedicididce Lieberkiihn, investigations of Coccidia, 135 of gregarines, 130 — psorosperms, 181 Liesen, Ascaris in peritoneal cavity, 656^ Ligula, excretory apparatus, collecting tubes, island formation, 292 — plerocercoid of, 300 Limatus, characters, 565 Limnaeus, species other than L. triincatulus intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica, 242 — truncatulus, amount of ova deposited by, 242 geographical distribution, 241 INDEX 869 Limnoeus truncatidus, intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica (?), 240, 241 hosts of liver-fluke, 240, 241 Limnatis, characters, 482 — nilotica, characters, 482 geographical distribution, 482 habitat, 482 only leech of clinical importance as parasite, 699, 701 synonyms, 482 Lindblad, Dipylidium caninum, 660 Lindner, G., peritrichal Infusoria (stalkless Vorticella), 206 Lindsay, possible mode of -transmission of dermo-mucosal leishmaniasis to man in Paraguay, 739 Linguatula, 523, 524 — rhinaria, characters and morphology, 524 development and life-history of, 524, 525, 526 larvae of, 524, 525 occurrence at autopsies, 526 organs of body invaded by, 524, 525, 526 ova of, 524, 525 parasitic in nasal cavity of animals and man, 523, 524 synonyms, 524 — serrata, hosts of, 527 synonyms (footnote), 527 Linguatulida, development of, 17 Linguatulidoe, blood-sucking, 523 — change of original features in, 4 — characters and morphology, 523 — hosts of, 523 — larvae of, 523 — nature of, 2 — relation to Arachnoidea, 19 — separation from Helminthes, 2 Lini, escape of Ascarides from umbilicus, 656 Linnaeus, discoveries as to origin of Hel- minthes, 10, 11 — so-called dysentery infection due to mites, 512 Lipari, cysticerci of brain, 664 Lipuria in bilharziasis, 641 Lithocystis, endoplasm of, contents, 131 Liver, abscess of, association of Entamoeba histolytica with, 35 of Noc's entamoeba with, 41 caused by invasion of Ascaridoe, 690 due to amoebic dysentery, treatment, 620 set up by amoebae, 35 — and bile-ducts, habitat of Clonorchis endemicus, 259, 260 — and kidney cells, yellow pigment in, in ancylostomiasis, 647 — and portal vein. Schistosoma hcRmato- hium, most easily found post mortem in, 273 — coccidiosis of, in man, cases, 148 — encystment of Porocephalus constrictus in, 526, 527 — female Ascarides depositing ova in, 689 Liver, human, eggs of Schistosoma japoni- cum, showing " spines " and " hoods " at opposite pole, 279 — invasion by larvae of Linguatula rhinaria, 525, 526 — migration of oncospheres from intestine to, 302 — pathological changes associated with in- vasion by Opisthorchis felineus, 253 — — — in, due to ova of Schistosoma japo7iicum, 281 set up by Clonorchis endemicus , 260 Liver-fluke, supposed origin of, 10 — see also Fasciola hepatica — disease, diagnosis, 242 in man, 242 in sheep, 238 ravages caused by, 238, 239 stages of, 240, 241 pathological anatomy, 241 symptoms, 239 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, ex- pedition to investigate trypanosome in- fections, 68 Lizards, haemogregarines from, 154 Loa, morphology, 409, 411 — • loa, duration of life of, 414 early historical accounts of, 412 geographical distribution, 414 larvae of, in blood, 412, 414 periodicity, 413 structure, 412 lesions produced through invasion by, 413, 414 life-history, 414 morphology, 409, 411 ova of, 410 • sites of body invaded by, 412, 678 synonyms, 409 Lobaczewski, prophylaxis against body, head and clothes lice, 615 Lobker, cause of ancylostome anaemia, 648 Locusts injurious to man, 542 Looss, infection by Ancylostoma duodenale through skin, 683 — origin of lateral-spined eggs of Schisto- soma hcematohium,, 273 — prevalence of Heterophyes heterophyes, 264 — skin affections set up by invasion of larvae of Anciflostoma duodenale, 455 — symptoms of lymphangitis from Filaria bancrofti infection, 676 — toxic action of ancylostomes, 647 — Trichostrongylus instabilis in man, 435 Lophius piscatorius, 186 Lophoscelomyia, characters, 562, 568 Losch, discovery of intestinal amoebae in case of dysentery, 29, 30, 32 Loschia, 34 Lota vulgaris, see Burbot Lounsbury, life-cycle of Amblyomma hebrceum, 495 Louse disease, historical instances of death from, 711 870 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Low, personal experiments with regard to malaria infection^ 158 — treatment of Oriental sore, 628 Lucilia argyrocephala cause of myiasis in French West Africa, G14 — - ccesar, 588 — macellaria, larvae of, causing eye diseases, 721 ■ — in nose, 715, 716 see also Myiasis, nasal on cutaneous surface, 721, 722 penetrating auditory meatus, 721 — nobilis, larvae (maggots) of, discharge from auditory meatus, 588 — sericata, 588 Lumbricosis, typhoid, 650 Lumbricus, Monocystis agilis from seminal vessels of, 130, 132 — teres, see Ascaris lumhricoides, 464 Lund's larva, characters, 593 Lung, abscess of, set up by amoebae, 35 — amoebae found in, 45 — Balantidium coli occurring in, 202 — bilharziasis of, 642, 643 — gangrene of, possible occurrence of Cercomonads in, 62 — invasion by Fasciola gigantica, 245 by Paragoninius ringeri, 251 by Schistosoma hmmatohium, 274 — Trichomonads found in, 56 Lung-fluke disease, geographical distribu- tion, 639 prognosis, 640 symptoms, 639 treatment, 640 Lussana, toxic theory of ancylostome anaemia, 646 Liitz, ascarides in pulmonary artery, 656 — Ceratopogoninoe described by, 580 — experimental infection with Ascaris hrm- hricoides, 465 — favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridm, 649 — perforative peritonitis due to Ascaris, 656 Lyctocoris campestris, bite of, 541 characters, 541 Lygceidce, characters, 541 Lymphangitis from Filaria bancrofti infec- tion, symptoms, 676 — in filariasis, 401 Lymphatic glands, enlarged, in filariasis, 402 — vessels and glands, destruction without lymphatic obstruction, 401 distribution and connections of, 400, 401 — vessels, invasion by Onchocerca volvulus, 418, 419 Lymphatics, Strongyloides stercoralis in, 755 Lynch, human trichomoniasis, 734 Lynchia, transmitting Haltcridium , 151 Lyperosia, differentiation from Stomoxys, 610 — exiqua, life-history, 610 — irrifans, var. weisii, 610 Macaciis sinicus, inoculation with Leish- mania donovani, 107 MacCallum, " exflagellation," 152 — investigations of Proteosoma and Hal- tcridium in birds, 158 McDonagh, J. E. R., life-cycle of organism of syphilis, 124 MacFadyean and Stockman, Babesia diver- gens, 177 Macfie, Trypanosoma nigeriense, 76 — and Gallagher, treatment of sleeping sickness, 622 Mackenzie, periodicity of larvae of Filaria bancrofti in peripheral blood, 393 Mackie, suggested transmission of relapsing fever by lice, 120 — treatment of Indian kala-azar, 623 Macleayia, characters, 563 MacNeal, see Novy and MacNeal Macrostoma niesnili, 57, 735 Maculae caerulae (taches bleties) due to in- fection by crab louse, 712 Maggots, see under Names of Parasites and Regions of Body — in nose, see Myiasis, nasal Magnesium sulphate in flagellate dysen- tery, 625 Maillard, fatal cases of nasal myiasis, 718 Majochi, case of intertrigo set up by Oxyuris vermicularis , 696 — infection with Demodex folliculorum, 708 Mai de caderas in horses, trypanosomes associated with, 68 trypanosome causing, 96 Malaria, acute, 156 — atypical forms, 634 — campaign against, commencement and progress of, 158 — chronic, 156 — development of parasites of, 159 — diagnosis (pathognomonic signs), 635 — geographical distribution, 155 — historical, 157 — in birds spread by Culex, 158 — - in man, 155 — latent, in children of natives, 158 — masked, 156 — parasites of, 164-170, 633 asexual generation, cultivation in vitro, 170 copulation, 160, 161, 162 exflagellation (footnote), 162 — — gametocytes of, 160, 161, 162 human, development, 159 occurs only in Anopheles, 158, 159 differential characters, 171 species of, 164, 633 — see also Laverania malarioe, Plasmodium malaria?, Plasmodium re- lictnm, Plasmodium vivax macrogametes of, 160, 161, 162 — — merozoites of, 159, 160 — — methods of detecting, 747 microgametes of, 160, 161, 162 movements, discovery of, 157 INDEX 871 Malaria, parasites of, not transmissible to mammals, 159 ookinetes, 160, 161, 163 schizogony of, 161, 172 sporozoites of, 159, 160, 164 penetration of red blood cor- puscles by, 159, 160 sporulation, 160, 161, 163 — pig-mentation of organs, 165 (footnote), 634 — prevention of constipation during, 635 — preventive measures against mosquitoes, 635, 636 against parasite in man, 635, 636 by quinine administration, 636 — prophylaxis, 636, 637 — relief of symptoms, 635 — symptoms, 156, 633 — synonyms, 155, 633 - — tertian, malignant, paroxysms of, 634 1 — treatment by quinine, 635 Malarial fever, quartan, 156 duplex or triplex, appearance of, 167 parasite of, 166 malignant or sub-tertian, parasite of, 167 pernicious symptoms, explanation, 172 quotidian, 156 rhythmical, course of, 155 symptoms, 155, 633 tertian, 156 ■ — simple or spring, parasite of, 164 — — typical, clinical features, 633, 634 Male fern, administration to children, 671, 672 emulsion, injection of, 671 ethereal extract best vermifuge for TcBTiia saginata, 670 dosage and method of adminis- tration, 670, 671 ■ extract of, expulsion of Hymenolepis nana by, 661 in bilharziasis, 643 in expulsion of ancylostomes, 686 — in intestinal myiasis, 728 poisoning, 670, 671 — antidotes to and remedies for, 671 bad effects on vision, 670 Malignant malarial parasites, sporulation, influence of temperature on, 163 stages of, 163 Mallory's bodies, 208 Mamma, tumours of, association of Diocto- phyme gigas with, 431 Mammals, human malarial parasites not transmissible to, 159 — leucocytogregarines in, 154, 155 — r; d blood corpuscles of, Babesia para- sitic in, 154 M:rT, incidental parasites of, 7 — infection with animal trypanosome, 96 — parasites found only in, 6 Mange, see Dog mange Mangold, feeding experiments with Taenia from multilocular echiriococcus, 358 Manguinhosia, characters, 562, 568, 569 Manson, Sir Patrick, development of Paragonimas ringeri, 251 discovery of Sparganum 7nansoni, 317 infection of skin by Filaria per- stans, 378 on Spirochaeta carteri, 631 pathognomonic signs of malaria, 635 — prophylaxis against ancylosto- mia,sis, 685 researches on malaria, 158, 635 studies of filariasis, 391 treatment of Indian kala-azar, 626 ^ — of Oriental sore, 628 Manson, P. T., infected with malaria by infected mosquitoes, 158 Manson ia, 577 Manson's method of administration of atoxyl in sleeping sickness, 622 Manteufel, immunity of Ornithodorus mou- bata against infection with Spirochceta duttoni, 119 Marchiafava, discovery of movements in malarial parasites, 157 Marchoux, amoebic abscesses in liver of experimental cats, 35 — Spirochceta gallinarum, 119 — and Couvy, Leishman granules in Loelaps echidninus, 493 Mareo, Helminthiasis meningitiformis , 649 Margaropus annulatus australis, hosts of, 505 pest to man in Jamaica in larval stage, 505 — characters of, 497 — microplus , 505 Marx, male fern administration, 671 — toxic action of male fern, 670 Marzinovsky, prophylaxis against Pedicu- lus vestimenti, 616 Mastigophora, 28, 50, 760 — aggregation rosettes of, 51 — characters and habitat, 28 Mathis, carriers of Entamoeba histolytica, 40 — diarrhoea due to Lamblia intestinalis , 625 — Lamblia intestinalis , 59, 60 — modification of Novy-MacNeal medium, 744 Maurer's dots, 168, 170, 171 Maxillary sinus, Scolopendra in, 721 Mayer's glychsemalum, 751 — hsemalum, 751 Mbori in dromedaries, 06 Measles, 207 Meat inspection, decrease of cysticerci in pork effected by, 334 Meatus, auditory, larvae of Anthom,yia plu- vialis found in, 584 Rhinosporidium in, 196 maggots of Lucilia nobilis in, 588 872 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Meatus, auditory, synonyms, 438 Mecistocirrus, habitat, 438 — morphology, 438 — fordi, morphology, 438, 439 • synonyms, 438 Medullary layer of Cestoda, 289 Megarhinince, characters, 563, 570 Megarhinus, characters, 563, 570 Megnin, development of cestodes, 16 Mehlis, discovery of progeny of Distoma, Typhloccelum flavum-, and Cathoemasia hians, 12 Mehlis' gland secretion in trematodes, 223 Melanoconion, distinguishing characters, 564, 576 — atratus, characters, 576 geographical distribution, 576 Melanolestes abdominalis, 540 — morio, geographical distribution, 540 synonyms, 540 Mello-Leitao, flagellate dysentery in chil- dren, 56, 624 Melnikow-Raswedenkow, development of alveolar echinococcus, 357, 358 Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked), bite of, 611 Crithidia inhabiting, 104 Meningitis, fatal, peenash terminating in, 716 — symptoms of, due to Ascaridce infection, 649 — terminating nasal myiasis fatally, 718 Mense, expulsion of Guinea worm, 676 Mercier, nematodes in human eye, 412 Mercury, benzoate of, in infantile kala- azar, 627 — cream (Lambkin's) in syphilis prevailing in Uganda, 632 — in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis , 675 Mermis, 469 — hominis oris, 469 Mermithidce, 469 — characters, 375 Merogregarina, 135 Merogony, 185 Meront, 185 Merozoites of Coccidiidea, 138, 139, 140 — of malarial parasites, 161 Mesenteric vein, superior, tributary of por- tal vein, 272 Mesnil, on Actinomyxidia, 187 — on Hsemosporidia, 742 — on Haplosporidia, 194 — and Ringenbach, cross-immunity ex- periments with trypanosomes, 80 trypanolytic reactions, 80 — see also Laveran and Mesnil Messineo, effects of experimental injection of extracts of Taenia, 648 Metagonimus, 264 — (Yokogawa yokogawai, 264, 753 geographical distribution, 265 habitat, 265 host and intermediate host, 265 life-history, 265 morphology, 264 Metastrongylinae, characters, 432 Metastrongylus, morphology, 432 — apri, hosts of, 433 in man, cases recorded, 433 invasion of air-passages by, 433 morphology, 432 synonyms, 432 Methyl green, 752 Methylene blue in bilharziasis, 643 in flagellate diarrhoea, 625 Metorchiince, 261 — morphology, 232 Metorchis, 261 — conjunctus, organs of, diagram showing, 258 — truncatus , habitat and hosts of, 262 morphology, 261, 262 organs of, diagram showing, 262 Metschnikoff, intestinal parasites in relation to appendicitis, 652, 653 — prophylaxis against oxyuriasis, 697 Meyer, disturbances of vision in male fern poisoning, 670 Mibelli, infection with Demodex follicu- lorum, 708 Mice, experimental infection with herpeto- monads, 103, 104, 112, 737, 738, 739 with Sarcocystis muris, 191 — with SpirochoBta duttoni, 117 — natural herpetomonads in, 738, 739 — occasionally hosts of Hymenolepis diminuta, 326 — Sarcosporidia in, 187 — spherical contracted forms of Tricho- monas intestinalis in, 56 Michelson, case of intertrigo set up by Oxyuris vermicularis , 696 Microgametes of Coccidiidea, 137, 139, 140 Microscope, use of, discoveries of parasites from, 10 Microsporidia, 129, 184 — characters and habitat, 28 — morphology of, 185 — various pathogenic members, 186 Midges, see Chironomidce, Ceratopogoninoe, Psychodidce Miescher's tubes, 187, 188 Mikrofilaria hancrofti, prevalence in blood, prevalence of filarial diseases propor- tionate to,, 400 and Mikroloa lea, distinction be- tween, 398 — diurna, larvae of Loa loa, 412 presence in blood, 412, 414 — perstans, morphology, 416 and M. diurna, simultaneous presence in blood, 414 — philippinensis , 407 — powelli, 407 Microfilariae, periodic, 393, 394 Milk cure in expulsion of Strongyloides stercoralis, 675 Milton, bilharzial vaginitis, 643 — treatment of bilharziasis, 643 Mimomvia, characters, 565 INDEX 873 Miiicliiii on genus Entamceha, 733 — researches on Trypanosoma lewisi, 89-92 — see also Nicoll and Minchin Mineliin and Fantham, on Rhinosporidium kinealyi, 195, 196, 197 Minchin and Woodcock on Trypanosoma noctuoB, 737 Mineral waters in intestinal myiasis, 728 Miners, prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis in, 684 Mines infected with ancylostomes, disinfec- tion of, 685 Miracidia of digenetic trematodes, mor- phology of, 226, 227 Miracidium, germ cells of, 227 Mitchell, treatment of Oriental sore, 628 Mites attacking man, geographical distri- bution of species, 486 — case of so-called dysentery said to be due to, 512 — living endoparasitically in animals and birds, 491 — see also Acarina — see also Arachnoidea Mochlonyx, 565 Moiriez, species of Chorioptes found on man, 521 Moldovan, schizogony in Leucocytozoon ziemanni, 153 Molluscs, spirochsetes in, 114 — fresh-water, round Cairo, cercariae of bilharzia type in, 277 Molluscum contagiosum, 207, 208 Monas pyophila, 62 characters of, 62 Mondiere, perforation of appendix by Ascaris, 655 Monera, 26 Moniez, Aleurobius (Tyroglyphus) farinoB, 511 — on derivation of entozoa, 21 Monkeys, dysentery in, associated with presence of (Esophagostomum apio- stomum, 444 — experimental infection with Spirochmta duttoni, 117 — inoculation experiments with yaws upon, 128 — rabid, spinal ganglia of, cultivation, 210 — Trypanosoma simicB virulent to, 100 Monocystis, hosts of, 134, 135 — agilis from seminal vessels of Lumbri- cus, 130, 132 life-cycle of, 132, 133 Monogenea, canalis vitello-intestinalis, 222 — ova of, deposition, 223, 224 — post-embryonic development in, 224 Monostomum lentis, 244 Monothalamia (testaceous amoebae), charac- ters of, 47 Montgomery, transmission of rinderpest. 742 Moore and Breinl, latent bodies of Try- panosoma gainbiense, 77 Moosbrugger, earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiura infection, 679 — trichocephalus anaemia, 651 Moriggia, Glyciphagus cursor, 513 Morkowitin, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, 653 Morphia, injection of, in relief of griping and straining in amoebic dysentery, 618, 619 Morsasca, trichocephalus anaemia, 651 Moscato, chyluria following infection by Eustrongylus gigas, 682 Mosquito nets, use of, 636 — worm in Trinidad, 598 how destroyed, 598 Mosquitoes, abdomen, 550 — acting as hosts of Filaria bancrofti, 398 — alimentary canal, 550, 551 — anatomical remarks on, 548 — antennae of, 548 — aquatic in larval and pupal stages, 555 — breeding places of, 553, 557 — campaign against, in prevention of malaria, 636 — copulation of, 553 — distinguishing features of Chironomidce (midges) from, 579 — females alone blood-suckers, 552 fertilized in autumn, hibernation of, 555 — first development of malarial parasite in, traced in Plasmodium relictum, 170 — labrum, labium, and hypopharynx, 548, 549 — larvae, food of, 557 living in salt water, 557 position assumed in water, 557 — length of egg, larval and pupal life, 555 — maxillae and mandibles, 548, 549 — ova of, 558 float on water, 559 — • — localities for deposition of, 553 — proboscis of, 548 — pupae of, 558 — spread of malaria in birds by, 158 — systematic remarks on, 548 — typical structure of, diagram showing, 558 — ubiquitous existence of, 555 — see also Culicidm Moth-like appearance of PsychodidcB, 581 Mott, F. W., association of Treponema with general paralysis, 125 Moty, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, 653 Mouqui, mite attacking man, 486 Mouth, human, cultivation of species of Treponema from, 741 spirochsetes in, 122, 740 — • infection with Oxyuris vermicularis solely through, 469 — maggots in, 721 Mucidus, characters, 563, 571 Mulder, infection with Demodex follicu- lorum, 708 Mules, murrina in, trypanosome causing, 98 — "surra" in, 95 Miiller, D., echinococcus cysts causing urticaria, 651 874 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Miiller, J., discovery of Myxosporidia, 181 — O. F., discovery of and views as to cercarise, 12 of origin of tapeworms by, 11 Miiller's psorosperms, 135 Murrina in mules, trypanosome causing", 98 Musca domestica (common house-fly), 586 breeding grounds, destruction of, 586 characters, 585, 586 destruction of, methods, 586 diseases spread by, 586 hibernation as puparia, 586 larvae (maggots) of, characters, 586 life-cycle of, 586 ova of, places where deposited, 586 pupa of, 586 — pattoni, 611 MuscidoB, 584 — African, larvae of, 590 causing myiasis in man (footnote), 590 — blood-sucking, 603 — larvae of, other than Lucilia, in nose, 720 Muscles, encystment of Trichinella spiralis in, 425 — invasion by Trichinella spiralis, 424, 425 — of nematodes, 361 — sarcosporidia in, 191 Muscular system of Hiriidinea, 480 Musgrave, on human intestinal amoebae, 31 — and Clegg's culture media for amoebae, 743 Mussels, fresh-water, spirochaetes of, 114 Mutualists, nature of, 6 Myiasis, 715 — auricular, 615 treatment, 615 — dermatosa oestrosa, 725 — due to Sarcophaga, 589, 590 — externa, 715 methods of treatment recommended by various authors, 719, 720 rare situations of, 723 — gastric, treatment, 728 — human, occurring in mountains of Cen- tral Sahara, 598 — in French West Africa, cause of, 614 — intestinal, 725, 726 chronic, 726 complicated by mucous colitis, 726, 727 diagnosis, 728 irrigation of rectum in, 728 larvae of different species of flies found I in, 728 ! modes of infection, 727 i views of various authors on, 727 prognosis, 728 prophylaxis, 728 symptoms, 726 treatment, 728 and cutaneous, fly causing, 585 — larvae of African Muscidoe causing (footnote), 590 — nasal, 715 cases of, authors reporting, 716, 717 Myiasis, nasal, connection with ozaena, 717, 722, 723 discharge from nose in, 718 due to Sarcophaga, treatment, 723 fatal termination of, 718 from Sarcophaga wohlfahrti, 722, 723 maggots of flies setting up, 588 prophylaxis against, 718 symptoms, 717, 718 treatment, 719 see also Peenash — cestrosa, geographical distribution, 724 prevalent among rural population, 724 rare in man, 724 treatment, 725 Myriapoda parasitic in intestine and nose of man, 483 MyxidiidcB, 184 Myxidium lieberkiihni, 182 Myxobolidce, 184 Myxobolus cyprini, 184 — pfeifferi, 184 — cause of barbel disease, 184 spore formation, 183 — neurohius, 184 — schematic representation of spore of, 182 Myxoedematous form of Brazilian trypano- somiasis, 88 Myxosporidia, 129, 181 — authors adding to knowledge of, 182 describing species causing diseases in fishes, 182 — characters and habitat, 28, 182 — free forms of, 182 — introduction of term of, by Biitschli, 181 — invasion by, causing disease in fishes, 182, 184 — mode of infection, 184 — multinucleate trophozoite of, 182 — plasmotomy, 182 — spore formation, 182, 183 — tissue parasites, 182 Myzomyia, characters, 561, 567 — funesta, breeding places of, 557 Myzorhynchella, characters, 561, 568 Myzorhynchus, characters, 562, 568 Nabarro, on sleeping sickness, 68 — on Spirochmta duttoni, 116 Nagana (tsetse-fly disease), agent of trans- mission, 93 — fatal to horses, asses and dogs, 94 — prevalent among and generally fatal to cattle, 93, 94 --- treatment by arsenic, 94 — trypanosomes in blood of horses suffer- ing from, 68 Nagel, chloroform and syrup of senna in expulsion of ancylostomes, 686 — filmaron in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 Nagelschmidt, treatment of scabies, 706 INDEX 875 Naphthalene iu evacuation of Oxyuridce, 697 — in intestinal myiasis, 728 Naphthol ointment, dressings of, in head louse infection, 710 (Kaposi's), application in scabies, 707 Nasal cavity, deposition of ova of Oestrus ovis in, 598 see also Myiasis, nasal Ling-uatula parasitic in, 523, 524, 526, 527 — polypus, Bhinosporidium causing, 195- 197 Nason, Ascaris in appendix, causing in- testinal obstruction, 654 Nasse, investigations of Coccidia, 135 Natal, larva of, characters, 591 Nattan-Larrier, cross-immunity experiments with trypanosomes, 80 — Tetramitus mesnili, 57, 624 Natural flagellates of insects, 103, 104, 107, 112, 739 Naunyn, mode of formation of daughter cysts of echinococcus, 352 Neave, S., ulcers set up by invasion by larvae of Cordylobia anthropophaga, 592 Necator, 447 — americanus, 450 geographical distribution, 459 habitat, 459 — — morphology, 457, 458 organs compared with those of Ancylo- stoma duodenale, 458 — characters, 457 — exilidens, characters, 459 habitat, 459 Negri, experimental infection with Sarco- cystis muris, 192 — on Neuroryctes, 208 Negri's bodies, 208, 209 Neligan, Leishmania tropica in dogs, 108 Nemathelminthes, 360 Nematoda, see Nematodes Nematode larvae in blood in cases of pru- ritus, 378 in periosteum of upper jaw in case of gingivitis, 378 Nematodes, anatomy of, 360 — bursa copulatrix of males, 370 — chorion enveloping ova, 371 — classification of, 374 — clearing of, 473 — cutaneous glands, unicellular, 361 — cuticle of, 360 — cutis of, 361 — dermo-muscular layer of, 361 — development of, 17, 371 ' — embryos, 372 — encapsuled forms of, 17 — epithelium of, 360 — excretory canals, anterior, 367 organs, 366, 367 special, lacking in certain genera, 367 — — pore and duct, 367 vesicle, 367 — fixation of, 473 — oflandular stomach of, 363 Nematodes, gubernaculum of male genital apparatus, 369 — hatched from eggs of Sphcerularia, 5 — heterogony in, 372 — hind gut, 363 — ■ infection by, 644 — intestinal caeca, 364 canal, 363 — "isolation tissue," 362, 363, 364 — life spent in intermediate and final host, 18 — marine, ventral gland of (so-called), 367 — mounting head of, 473 — muscles of, 361 — nervous system, 364-366 — observed in human eye, 412 in man, 376 — oesophageal glands, 364 — oesophagus of, 363 — organs of sense lacking in parasitic species, 366 — ova of, 371 conveyance to definite host with inter- mediate host, 373 without intermediate host, 372 detection, 473 developmental capacity, 371, 372 — ovejector, 368 — oviduct, 368 — parasitic and free-living, connection, 20 — preservation and examination of, 473 — rolling of, 473 — seminal receptacle, 368 — sexual organs, 367 female, 367, 368 diagram of, 368 male, 369 diagram of, 368 — small, detection of, 473 — spicules of male genital apparatus, 369 — staining of, 473 — testis of, 369 — " tuft-like " or " phagocytic " organs, 362 — viviparous species, 371 — young, skin diseases due to, in dogs, 378 Nematodirus, habitat, 438 — morphology, 438 Neocellia, characters, 562, 569 Neomyzomyia, characters, 561, 567 Neopsylla, distinctive characters, 545 Neosalvarsan in syphilis, 632 — in yaws, 632 Neosporidia, 129, 181 — characters, 28, 129, 181 Nephrophages sanguinarius, characters and morphology, 490 presence in urine, 490 Nervous system of Cestoda, 289, 290 of Echinorhynchus, 475 of Hirudinea, 481 of Insecta, 530 of nematodes, 364-366 central, effect of Dipylidium caninum on, 649 Neumann, mosquitoes transmitting Plasmo- dium relictum, 170 876 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Neumann, podophyllin in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 — synopsis of genus Ornithodorus, 508 — jbable of species of Argas, 505 Neuritis, optic, following male fern poison- ing, 670 Neuroptera, characters, 531 Neuroryctes, 208 — hydrophobioe, 208 minute granules in, 210 Neurosporidium, 195 — cephalodisci, 195 Newstead, Amblyomma cayennense, 501 — life-cycle of Phlebotomus, 582 ■ — Margaropus anmUatus aiistralis, 505 — means of separating sjDecies of Glossina, 604 Niaibi, mite attacking man, 486 Nicoll, development of cestodes without intermediate host, 17 ■ — and Minchin, cysticercoids in rat fleas, 327, 328 Nicolle, immunity experiments with Leish- mania infantum and L. Occiput, abscess of, liver-fluke in, 243 Ochindundu, bite of, 541 — characters of, 541 Ochromyia anthropophaga , larvae of, charac- ters (footnote), 590, 591 — — — hosts of, 590 (Edema following bite of Argas reflexus,o06 Oerley, induction of facultative parasitism of Bhabditis pellio, 377 (Esophageal glands of nematodes, 364 CEsophagostomeoe, characters, 439 (Esophagostomum, morphology, 441 — apiostomum, habitat and host of, 444 morphology, 444 — brumpti, habitat, 441 morphology, 441 — stephanostomum, habitat, 444 var. thomasi, morphology, 442, 443, 444 (Esophagus of Hirudinea, 480 — of nematodes, 363 INDEX 877 CEsophagus, trichomonads in, 00 Oestrijoe (wabble flies), boils produced by, 725 — cavicolous, 598 — cutaneous, 595 — flight time of, 725 — gastricolous, 599 infection by, 729 see also Creeping disease — hosts of, 594 — larvae of, occurrence in man rare, 724 — method of depositing ova on skin of man, 725 Oestrus {Cephalomyia) oris, 598 geographical distribution, 598 ova of, deposition in nasal cavity, 598 Oil, injections of, in nasal myiasis, 719 Ointment, application in scabies, 706 Oken, views as to origin of cercariae, 12 Oleum chenopodii in ancylostomiasis, 754 Oligosporulea, 195 Oligotricha, 29 Oliver, artificial infection of human beings M^ith Cysticercus bovis, 340 Omentum, abscess of, with Ascaris ova in pus, 657 Onii, diagnostic sign, of presence of Spar- ganum mansoni in body, 659 Onchocerca, 417 — volvulus, 417 — — distribution in West Africa, 419 — - — invading lymphatic vessels, 418, 419 invasion in man associated with formation of tumours, 418 — — measurements, 755 morphology, 417, 418 Onchocercinw, 417 Oncospheres (embryos) of tapeworms, 298, 299 certain species of animals neces- sary for, 299 development into plerocercoid, 300 further develojjment must take place in suitable animals, 299 — migration in body, 302 O'Neil, filaria infection of skin, 378 Onions, Anguillulina putrefaciens living in, 379 Oocysts of Cuccidiidea, 141 — of malarial parasites, 163 Opalina, 198, 207 — ranarum, 207 Ophryocystis, 135 Op isthorchiidcB , morphology, 232 Opisthorchiinw , 252 Opisthorchis, 252 — felineus, development, 254 — — geographical distribution, 252 hosts of, 252 intermediate, 254 mode of infection by, 254 morphology, 252 synonyms, 252 — pseudo felineus, anatomy of, diagram illustrating, 254 Opisthorchis sp., habitat, 753 morphology, 753 Opisthotonos, disappearance after exjiulsion of Ascaridce, 649 Oppenheim, maculae caerulae (taches bleues) due to infection by crab louse, 7l2 — treatment of crab louse infection, 712 Oppila^ao, synonym of Brazilian trypaiioso- miasis, 87 Oral cavity, cancer of, association of Ent- amoeba buccalis with, 43 trichomonads in, 55, 56 Orbit, cysticercus of, 664 Orbital cavity, Pycnosoma maggots invad- ing, 588 Orchitis from Filaria bancrojti infection, 677 Oribates sp., 489 Oriental sore, cause of, 107, 627 experimental production, 109 geographical distribution, 108 germ of, possible carrier, 580 immunity to, procured by inocula- tion, 108 objection to name, 107 occurrence in dogs, 108 parasite producing, 107, 627 pathology of, 627 — — preventive measures, 628 relation of infantile kala-azar to, shown experimentally, 109 sites of occurrence on body, 108 transmission of, bugs possibly con- nected with, 108, 536 treatment, 628 Ornithodorus coriaceus, geographical distri- bution, 509 — megnini, characters, 510 ears of hosts infested by, 510 geographical distribution, 510 hosts of, 510 — moubata, carrier of African tick fever^ 116, 496 of Filaria perstans, 508 of spirochaete of relapsing fevei*, 508 geographical distribution, 509 immunity against infection with Spirochceta duttoni, 119 length of life apart from host, 495 Malpighian secretion passed by, sig- nificance, 117 transmission of Spirochceta duttoni by, 116 — savignyi, 509 geographical distribution, 509 transmitting Spirochceta duttoni, 739 — synopsis of genus, 508 — talaje, 119 bite of, 509 geographical distribution, 509 — tholozani, geographical distribution, 51Q — turicata, 119 bite of, effects, 509 Omithomyia lagopodis, bite of, 611 Orthoptera, characters, 531 878 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Otter, Brazilian, liost of Paragonimus rudis, 251 Ova, transmission of intestinal worms by, 11 — see also under Names of parasites Owen, Trichina spiralis, 423 Ox, liver of, Echinococeus multilocularis in, 357 — Sarcocystis hlanchardi from, 190 — gad fly (Tabanus hovinus), 601 Oxazine producing blepharoplastless try- panosomes, 101 Oxen, amount of prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in, 340, 341 — echinococci in, 346 — how infected with Para7nphistomum cervi, 226 Oxygen necessary in cultivation of spiro- chaetes, 123 Oxyuriasis, diagnosis, 696 — dysentery followed by recovery from, 698 — in children, 695 treatment, 697, 698 — prophylaxis against, 697 — treatment by drugs and purgatives, 697 local, 697 Oxyuridce, 467 — migrating into nose, 695, 696 — morphology, 375 — relationship to appendicitis, 698 Oxyuris, 467 — ambigua, 469 — compar, 469 — curvula, 469 — encapsuled in female pelvis, 657 — in appendix, 654, 655 — infection in relation to appendicitis, 653 — invading peritoneal cavity, 657 — lacks intermediate host, 21 — mastigodes, 469 — poculum, 469 — tenuicauda, 469 — toxic action of, 651 vermicularis, association with appendi- citis and typhlitis, 467 development, 468 direct, 469 experimental self-infection with, 469 habitat, 467 infection by, 694 with, mode of, 469. Page, case of escape, of ascarides from abdominal operation wound, 654, 655 Paget, observation of encapsuled Trichi- nellae, 423 Pallas, on transmission of intestinal worms, 11 Panama, larvicide used at, in campaign against mosquitoes, 636 — Canal, Stegomyia fasciata source of danger to, 574 Pani-ghao, skin affection set up by pene- tration of larvae of Ancylostomum duo- denale, 455 Panoplites, 577 Pansporoblast, 183, 186 Papataci fever, carrying agent of, 582 Pappenheim's panchrome mixture, 751 Paraboloid condenser, 747 Paraffin, embedding in, for sectioning tissue parasitized by protozoa, 749 Paragonimiasis, 639 — affecting regions other than lung, 639 — prophylaxis, 640 — see also Lung-fluke disease Paragonimus, morphology, 249 — compactus, host of, 251 — kellicotti, hosts of, 250 spines of, 251 — ringeri (lung-fluke), 639 development, 251 diseases caused by, 251 habitat, 251 internal organs, diagram illustrating, 250 morphology, 249, 250 sites of body in which found post ■mortem, 639 spines of, 251 synonyms, 249 — rudis, host of, 251 — westermannii, host of, 250 — — morphology, diagram illustrating, 250 spines of, 251 Paraguay, supposed mode of transmission of dermo-mucosal leishmaniasis in, 739 Paralysis due to tick bites, 613 geographical distribution, 613 — of dourine, 97 Paramoeba, 44 — hominis, 45, 734 characters of, 45 now called Craigia hominis, 45, 734 ParamphistomidoB, 231, 234 ParamphistomincB, 231 Paramphistomum cervi, method of infection of oxen by, 226 Paraplasma, 180 — doubt as to organismal nature, 180 — occurs naturally in guinea-pigs, 180 — flavigenum possibly associated with yel- low fever, 180 morphology, 180 — subflavigenum, 180 Parasites, definition, 1 INDEX 87$ Parasites, derivation of, 19 — diagnosis of presence of, 10 — discoveries from use of microscope, 10 — great fertility of, 5 — hereditary transmission of, 19 — human, Opisthorchis felineus most fre- quently found at autopsies at Tomsk, 253 — incidental, 6 human, 7 — influence on host, 8 — invading many hosts, 6 — limited to closely related hosts, 6 to one species of host, 6 — migrations in host, injuries set up by, 9 — movements of, disorders set up by, 9 — occasional (temporary), 1 — origin of, 10 — permanent, bodily changes in, 3 clasping and clinging organs in, 4 classes of, 2 hermaphroditism in, 4 loss of organs in, 3 (stationary), 1, 2 — transference from one host to another, 7 Parasitic life, advantages of, 20 Parasitism, facultative, 7 Pariah dogs, liver of, habitat of Paropis- thorchis caninus, 257 North-west Provinces, India, percent- age infected with Paropisth orchis cani- nus, 257 Paropisthorchis, 255 — caninus, genital pore, 255 habitat, 257 morphology, 255 seminal vesicle, 257 synonyms, 255 uterine coils, 257 vitellaria, 255 Partridges, Plasmodium relictum cause of fatal disease in, 170 Pasquale, see Kruse and Pasquale Pasteur, L., researches on silkworm disease, 184 Patterson, maggots of Pycnosoma removed from orbital cavity, 588 Patton, genus Crithidia, 104 — Herpetomonas muscce doniesticce , 102 — Piroplasma gihsoni, 177 — places Leishman-Donovan body in genus Herpetomonas, 107 — probable transmission of Leishmania, 107, 108 — and Cragg, life-history of Lyperosia exigua, 610 Peacock, observation of encapsuled Trichi- nellae, 423 Pebrine bodies or Nosema bombycis of Arthropoda, 184 Pediculida> (lice), characters, 532 Pediculoides ventricosus, effects on man, 469 — — morphology, 489 — shape of preg-nant female, 489 — — synonyms, 489 Pediculis capitis (head louse), characters and morphology, 532, 533 Pediculis_ capitis, geographical distribu- tion, 533 habitat, 533 infection by, 709 — causing eczema, 709, 710 diagnosis, 710 greater prevalence among females, 709, 710 remarkable instances, 710 resulting in blepharitis and con- junctivitis, 710 in plica polonica, 710 treatment, 710 mouth parts of, 533 ova of, 533 prophylaxis against, 615, 616 — vestimenti (clothes louse), characters, 533 habitat, 533 infection by, 710 lesions and symptoms following, 711 pest among soldiers during cam- paigns, 533 prophylaxis against, 615, 616 transmission of relapsing fever by, 120, 630 Peenash (nasal myiasis), 588, 715 — ending in fatal meningitis, 716 Peiper, cause of ancylostome anaemia, 648 Pelagutti, treatment of cutaneous and mus- cular cysticerci, 663 Pelletierinum as vermifuge, 673 Pelvic and abdominal organs, blood-supply of, as illustrating distribution of Schis- tosoma haematobium in body, 272 Pelvis, female, Oxyuris encapsuled in, 657 Pentastoma armillatus, hosts of, 528 — denticulatum, former name of larval stage of Linguatula rhinaria, 525, 526 — moniliformis, hosts and habitat of, 528 synonyms (footnote), 528 PentastomidoB, references to, 528 Pentateuch, " fiery serpents " mentioned in, probable identification, 386 Pentatrichomonas bengalensis, 624, 735 Pereira, case of chorea cured after expul- sion of Taenia, 648 Perinseum, tumours of, association of Dioc- tophyme gigas with, 431 Peritoneal cavity, Ascaris in, 656 Oxyuris invading, 657 Peritonitis, perforative, due to Ascaris, 656 Peritricha, 29, 200 Perroncito, artificial infection of human beings with Cysticercus bovis, 340 — infection with Lamblia intestinalis , 60 Persia, importation of African tick fever into, 613 Persian insect powder infusion in intes- tinal myiasis, 728 Peru oil, application in scabies, 707 Petrie, treatment of bilharziasis, 643 Petroleum as larvicide in campaign against mosquitoes, 636 — dressings of, in head louse infection, 710 — in crab louse infection, 712 — and benzine in crab louse infection, 712 88o THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Pfeiffer, L., pathogenicity of Coccidia, 136 Pfeiffer, R., Coccidia, 136 Pharynx, ascarides invading, 691 — invasion and infection in man by Fasciola hepatica, 242 — leeches in, 699 — of Hirudinea, 480 Philaematomyia, position of genus, 611 — insignis, 611 Philippine Islands, experiments on amoebae in, 618 Philips, eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 Phillips, L. P., on Musgrave and Clegg's medium, 743 treatment of balantidian dysentery, 637 Phlehotomince, characters, 581 Phlebotomus, blood-sucking, 581 — characters, 581 — duboscii, 582 — intermedins, 582 — geographical distribution, 581 of species, 582 — larvae of, habitat, 582 — longipalpis, 582 — papatacii, 581, 582 — squamiventris , 582 Phonergates hicoloripes, 541 Phoniomyia, characters, 565 Phora rufipes, 589 larvae (maggots) of, habitat, 583 Phoridce, characters, 582 Phthiriasis, agents of, 533 Phthirius inguinalis (crab louse), charac- ters, 534 habitat, 534 infection by, diagnosis, 712 how eifected, 711 lesions and symptoms following, 711, 712 sites of body affected, 711 treatment, 712 rapid reproduction of, 534 — pubis, prophylaxis against, 616 Phthisis, filaria associated with, 408 Physaloptera, habitat and hosts of species, 460 — caucasica, morphology, 461 — mordens, geographical distribution, 461 habitat and host, 461 morphology, 461, 462 — morphology, 460 Physalopteridce, 375, 460 Phytoparasites, 1 Pierantoni, Agamofilaria labialis, 407 Pig concerned in transmission of Balanti- dium coli, 202 — development of Trichinella spiralis in, 426, 427 — domestic, normal host of Cysticercus cel- luloscp, 332 — echinococci in, 346 — geoQ-raphical distribution of Tmnia solium corresponds with that of, 334 — host of Paragonimus kellicotti, 250 Pig, intestine of, Fasciolopsis buski in, 246 — Metastrongylus apri in, 433 — organs infected with echinococcus, per- centage of frequency, 347 — rectum of, Balantidium coli present in, 202 — Sarcocystis miescheriana in, 190 — Sarcosporidia in, 187 — trichinous, proportion to healthy, in Prussia, 429, 430 — Trypanosoma simios virulent to, 100 Pigeon lofts inhabited by Argas rejlexus, 506 Piophila casei, characters, 583 larvae of, found in faeces, 583 in nose, 720 Piroplasma, 172, 173, 174 — • see Babesia — gibsoni, 111 — hosts of, 173, 174 PiroplasmidoB, 172, 742 — genera of, 174 Piroplasmosis, treatment of, 178 by trypan-blue, 178 symptoms of, 178 transmission by ticks from recovered to uninfected animals, 178 Placobdella, 482 — catenigera, geographical distribution, 482 Plague, fleas carriers of, 543, 547 Planont, 185 Plants, flagellosis of, possible connection with leishmaniasis, 739 Plasmodium, 151, 742 — falciparum, see Laverania malarias — malaricB, development in red corpuscles of man, asexual stage, 166 distinctive characters, 167 lesions set up by, not marked, 634 parasite of quartan malaria, 166, 633 pigment granules of, 166, 167 schizogony of, 166 synonyms, 166 trophozoites of, differ from those of tertian parasite, 166 — or haemamoeba type of Hoemosporidia includes malarial parasites of man and birds, 151 — relictum, first development of malarial parasite in mosquito traced in, 170 hosts of, 170 mosquitoes transmitting, 170 stages in life-history, 170 synonyms, 170 — species, differential table of, 171 — tenue, 170 — vivax, agent of simple tertian malarial fever, 164, 633 cultivation of, clumping not observed in, 172 number of spores produced, 172 — — development in red blood corpuscles of man, 160, 164, 165 — — — of ''Polymitus," 160, 165 time occupied by, 165 distinctive characters of, 166 INDEX 88l Plasniociium rivax, lesions set up by, uot marked, 634 life-cycle of, 160, 164 merozoites of, 165 migration, 165 — — micro- and macrogametocytes of, 165 — 23igment granules, 165 small variety, 166 — — •' stippling," 165 synonyms, 164 Platylielminthes (flat worms), 211 — central nervous system of, 211 — classification, 212 — - definition, 211 — diseases caused by, 638 — excretory apparatus, 211 — hermapliroditic, 211 — integument of body of, 211 — method of reproduction, 211 — morphology, 211 Plerocercoid, definition of, 301 Plerocercus, definition of, 301 Pleurae, invasion by Faragonimus ringeri, 251 Plica polonica due to head louse infection, 709, 710 treatment, 710 Plimmer, H. G., treatment of sleeping sick- ness with antimony, 623 and Bradford, Sir J. Eose, Trypano- soma brucei, 93 Pliny, Ascaris lumhricoides known to, 464 Pneumocystis carinii, 90 Pneumocysts in rats, 90 Pocock, geographical distribution of Orni- thodorus mouhata, 508, 509 Podophyllin in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 Polar capsule, 181, 183, 184, 186 — filament, 183, 184, 186 Polecat, intestine of, Isospora higernina parasitic in, 149 Poliomyelitis acuta, possible rhizopods in, 46 — carrier of, 610 — epidemic, insects transmitting, 612 — virus of, 536 carried by house-fly, 586 Pollack, invasion by Loa loa, 678 Polymastigina, 52 Polymitus of Plasmodium vivax, 160, 165 — form of malarial parasites (footnote), 162 Polypus, nasal, caused by Rhinospori- dium- kinealyi, 195, 196 Polysporea, 182, 184 Polysporulea, 195 Polystoynum integerrimum, organs of, 218 Ponds, mosquitoes depositing ova in, 553 Pork, cysticerci in, cause of decrease, 334 — eating of, cause of trichinosis, 423 means of infecting man with cysti- cerci, 334 — inspection of, in prophylaxis against trichinosis, 429 Porocephalus, 523 — armillatus , 527 synonyms (footnote), 528 Porocephalus constrictus, characters, 526 hosts of, 526, 527 organs of body invaded by, 526, 527 synonyms, 526 Port Natal sickness (Cape ailment), 488 Portal vein and liver. Schistosoma hcema- tobium most easily found post mortem in, 273 and vena cava, communication be- tween, how formed, 272 tributaries of, as illustrating distri- bution of Schistosoma hcematobium in body, 272 Porter, A., Crithidia pulicis. 111 generic differences among insect flagellates, 103 (fig. 49) Herpetomonas muscm domesticre, 102 Leucocytogregarina, 154 Theileria parva, 179 — see also Fantham and Porter Portschinsky, deposition of ova of Oestrus oris, 598 — method of destroying Tabanidce, 601 Posner, case of amoebae in urine, 46 Posselt, cutaneous tumours due to cysti- cerci, 662 — reasons for distinction of multilocular from hydatid or unilocular echino- coccus, 358 Post-flagellate stage in herpetomonads, 103 in Crithidia, 104 Potassium iodide in treatment of cutaneous and muscular cysticerci, 663 — permanganate, application in Oriental sore, 628 Pou d'agouti, mite attacking man, 486 Poultry, fatal epizootics among, due to Eimeria avium, 142 Poultrymen attacked with Dermanyssus gallince, 493 Poupee-Desportes, Guinea worm infection, 676 Powell, method of destruction of Sarco- phaga larvae, 723 Predtetschensky, expulsion of Hymenolepis nana, 661, 662 Pre-flagellate stage in herpetomonads, 103 in Crithidia, 104 Price, Dodds, method of prevention of Indian kala-azar, 627, 739 Prima, fatal case of myiasis externa, 716 Privies, disinfection of, as prophylactic against ancylostomiasis, 685 Proflagellata, 115 Proskauer, case of Oxyuridm in nose, 696 Prostomata, 230 Protargol in balantidian dysentery, 637 Proteid destruction in ancylostomiasis, 647 — metabolism in anaemia, 645 Proteosoma, spread of malaria in birds by, 158 Protista defined, 29 — spirochsetes classed among, 115 Protomonadina, 52, 60 — classification, 60, 61 882 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Protozoa, 25, 756 — alternation of generations in, 27 — blood-inhabiting, examination of, 747 — characters, 25 — chromodial apparatus of, 26 — classification, 27 — clinical and therapeutical notes relating to, 617 — cytological details, method of examin- ing, 748 — definition of, 25 — digestive apparatus, 26 — ectoplasm and endoplasm of, 25, 26 — encystment of, 27 — examination, methods for, 745, 746 — food of, 26 — genera of, precise definition sometimes impossible, 733 — hereditary transmission of (footnote), 19 — intra vitam staining of fresh prepara- tions, 746 — nucleus of, 26, 27 — organellae, 29 — parasitic in blood, culture media Ltr, 744 — propagation of, 27 — sectioning tissue parasitized by, 749 — or bacteria, question whether spiro- chsetes to be classed among, 115 Protozoology, notes on technique, 745-752 — recent researches in, 733 Prowazek, balantidian dysentery, 637 — Chlamydozoa, 207 — Entamceha biltschlii, &c., 34 buccalis, 43 — Herpetomonas muscce domesticm, 102 — lamblial diarrhoea, 625 — variety of Trichomonas intestinalis in- habiting oral cavity, 56 — and Aragao, filtration experiments with chlamydozoal granules, 209 Prowazekia, characters of, 63 — asiatica, 65 — cruzi, characters, 66 — javanensis, characters, 66 — parva, 66 — urinaria, 63 characters, 63 flagellate stage, 64 in cultures associated with bacteria, 65 synonyms, 63, 64 — weinbergi, characters, 66 Prowazek's bodies, 208 Pruner, Porocephalus constrictus, 526, 527 Pruritus ani due to escape of ascarides, 688 set up by migration of Oxyuris ver- rnicularis, 695 — nematode larvae in blood associated with, 378 Prussia, oxen infected with Cysticercus bovis in, 341 — percentage of pigs infected with cysti- cerci in, 334 — proportion of trichinous to healthy pigs in, 429, 430 Pseudo-helminthes, 8 Pseudomeningitis due to Ascaridoe infec- tion, 649, 650 Pseudo-myxoedematous form of Brazilian trypanosomiasis, 88 Pseudonavicellae, 129, 1.30 — amoeboid germs in, 130 Pseudoneuroptera, characters, 531 Pseudo-parasites, 6, 8 Pseudophyllidea, morphology, 308 Pseudotaeniorhynchus, 576 — characters, 564 Psorophora, characters, 563, 571 — ovum of, 557, 558 Psoroptes, characters, 517 Psorospermia of Arthi'opoda , 184 Psorosperms (Myxosporidia), discovery of, 181 — egg-shaped, former name for Coccidia, 135 Psychodidce (owl midges), moth-like appear- ance of, 581 PsychodinoR, characters, 581 Pterocephalus, host of, 135 Pterygota, classification, 531 Pulex, distinctive characters, 545 — irritans (human flea), bite of, effects, 714 treatment, 714 carrier of plague bacillus, 543 characters, 545 larva of, 546 raaj transmit Trypanosoma lewisi, 92 — pallipes, 548 — serraticeps (dog flea), 546 Pulicidw (true fleas), characters, 543 — classification of genera, 545 Pulmonary artery, ascarides in, 656 Pumpkin seeds as vermifuge, 673 Pupipara or Eproboscidce, blood-sucking, 611 Purgatives for expulsion of ascarides, 693 — in arrest of development of trichinosis, 681 Pustules arising from clothes louse infec- tion, 711 Putnam, Oxyuris in appendix, 654 Pycnosoma, characters of, 588 — and Chrysomyia, distinguishing fea- tures, 588 — putorium, spread of amoebic dysentery by, 614 Pyelitis following invasion by Eustrongylus gig as, 682 Pygiopsylla, distinctive characters, 545 Pyorrhoea alveolaris, association of Ent- amoeba buccalis with, 43, 734 of species of Treponema with, 128 treatment, 620 Pyretophorus, characters, 561, 567 Pyronin producing blepharoplastless try- panosomes (T. brucei), 101 Quincke and Eoos, species of amoebae named by, 31 Quinine, administration as preventive against malaria, 636 INDEX 883 Quinine, administration in malaria, 635 dosage, 635 methods of administration, 635 time for, 635 treatment by, 635 — in Indian kala-azar, 626 — lotion, irrigation of lower bowel with, in gangrenous dysentery, 619 Rabbit, development of hydatid scolices in, 353 — host of Eimeria stiedce, 145 — intestinal coccidiosis in, 145, 147 - — intestine of, section infected by Eimeria stiedce, 145 — kidney of, use in cultivation of Tre- ponema pallidum, 126 — liver of, section through nodule infected by Eimeria stiedce, 147 — Sarcosporidia in, 187 Eabies, parasite of, cultivation, 210 Eadiolaria, characters and habitat, 28 Radium treatment of Oriental sore, 628 Railliet, method of infection with Trichuris depressiuscula, 420 Rainey's corpuscles, 189 Rain-water barrels, mosquitoes depositing ova in, 553, 557 Ramstedt, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, 653 Ranken, treatment of sleeping sickness with antimony, 623 Basahus bigiittatus, bite of, 540 — — geographical distribution, 540 — — synonyms, 540 Rat attacked by Dermatophilus (Sarco- psylla) penetrans, 613 — blood of, transference of Trypanosoma brucei from, to blood of snake, 102 — blood parasite, see Trypanosoma lewisi — gut and caecum of. Trichomonas from, 735 — infection with Trichinella, method of, 427 with Trichinella spiralis in slaughter- houses and knackers' yards, 427 with Trypanosoma lewisi, mode of, 92, 93 — muscles of, invaded by Trichinella spiralis, 425 — normal host of Trichinella spiralis, 427 — pneumocysts in, 90 — sewer and black, hosts of Hymenolepis diminuta, 326 — flea (Ceratophyllus fasciatus), cysticer- coid of Hymenolepis diminuta found in, 327, 328 host of rat trypanosome, 88, 90, 543 larval stages of Hymenolepis murina occurring in, 17 see also Ceratophyllus fasciatus — Trypanosoma lewisi in, 88 Rectum, administration of quinine by, in malaria, 635 — bilharziasis of, 642 treatment, 644 — irrigation of, in intestinal myiasis, 728 — means of access of Schistosoma hasma- tobium to, 272 — pathological changes in, due to Schisto- soma hcematobium, 274, 275 — plexus formed in, by superior haemor- rhoidal veins, 272 Redi, origin of flesh maggots, 10 Redise of trematodes, 225, 226, 227, 228 Reduviidce, bites of, 537 — characters of, 537 — geographical distribution, 537 Reduvius personatus, bite of, sometimes fatal, 539 geographical distribution, 539 Red-water fever, European, in cattle, cause of, 177 Reighardia, 523 Relapsing fever, 120, 629 African, cause of, 116, 630 incubation period, 630 prophylaxis, 631 symptoms, 630, 631 — treatment, 631 American, 630 Asiatic, mortality from, 631 prophylactic measures, 631 symptoms, 631 treatment, 631 complications, 630 East African, cause of, 122 European, agent of, 122, 629 incubation period, 630 prophylaxis, 630 symptoms, 630 treatment, 630 Indian, cause of, 122 North African, prophylactic measures, 631 symptoms, 631 — treatment, 631 and Egyptian, cause of, 122, 631 — — prophylactic measures, 630 spirochaetes causing, 115, 120, 122, 508 transmission by lice, 120, 630 by ticks, 117, 630, 631 treatment, 630 Remak, investigations of Coccidia, 135 Reptiles, haemogregarines in, 153, 154 — Sarcosporidia in, 187 Resorcin ointment, application in creeping disease, 732 Respiration, organs of, in Insecta, 530 Retinal haemorrhages in ancylostome anaemia, 646 Reyher, bothriocephalus anaemia, 644, 645 Rhabdites in gastric fluid obtained by lavage, 378 — mellio, presence in vagina, 377 — niellyi, 378 mode of infection in man, 378 884 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Bhahditis pellio, induction of facultative parasitism, 377 morphology, 377 synonyms, 377 Ehabdonema, alternation of parasitic and free-living generations, 20 — life-history of, 19 — propagation of, parasitic generation during free life, 18 Rheins, case of Oxyuridce in nose, 696 Rhinosporidium, 195 — hosts of, 197 — in conjunctival polypus, 197 — in external auditory meatus, 196 — in horses, 197 — in nasal polypus, 195 — in papilloma of penis, 197 — kinealyi (or seeberi), 195, 197 causal agent of a nasal polypus, 195, 196 cysts of, 196 geographical distribution, 195, 196 pansporoblasts of, 196 trophozoites of, 196 tumours produced by, 197 Rhipicentor, characters of, 497 BhipicephalcB , characters of, 496, 497 Rhipicephalus, characters of, 497 — species of, transmitting Theileria parva, 179 — annulatus, carrier of Texas fever in cattle, 494 ■ moulting of, 496 — appendiculatus and B. simus, carriers of Rhodesian fever in cattle, 494 — bursa, trasmitting agent of Babesia bovis, 177 — sanguineus, geographical distribution, 505 hosts of, 505 synonyms, 505 — — transmission of leucocytogregarine from dog to dog by, 155 transmitting agent of Babesia canis, 177 Bhizoglyphii, characters and habitat, 514 Bhizoglyphus parasiticus , characters, 514, 515 skin disease produced by, 514 Rhizopods, flagella occurring among, 52 — possible association with poliomyelitis acuta, 47 Rhodesian fever in cattle, carriers of, 494 Bhodinus prolixus, bite of, 541 geographical distribution, 542 Bhyncobdellidce, 482 Rhyncobothrium, scolices of, 305 Bhyncota, see Hemiptera Bicinidm classed among mutualists, 6 Riley, see Walsh and Biley Rinderpest and coccidiosis, 741 — method of transmission, 742 River fever set up by kedani mite in Japan, 487 Rivolta, experimental infection with Cocci- dia, 136 — on Sarcocystis lindemanni, 193 Robertson, Miss, development of Trypano- soma gambiense, 74, 75 in Glossina palpalis, 74, 75 forms of Trypanosoma gambiense, 73, 737 Rocky Mountain spotted fdver, carrier of, 496 tick fever, carrier of, 503 mortality, 504 Rodenwaldt, distribution of larvae of Filaria immitis in body, 393 — periodicity of larvae of Filaria bancrofti in peripheral blood, 393 Rogers, Sir L., agent transmitting kala- azar, 713 cultivation of Leishmania dono- vani, 105, 106 places Leishmann-Donovan body in genus Herpetomonas, 107 transmission of surra by Chrysops, 601 treatment of amoebic dysentery, 618 treatment of Indian kala-azar, 626 of pyorrhoea alveolaris, 620 Rokitansky, perforation of intestine by Ascaris, 655 Romani, agglutinating haemolytic action of serum of ancylostome patients, 648 Romanowsky stain, 749 slightly modified, formula of, 750 underlying principle of, 750 Roos, presence of cercomonads in gan- grenous lung, 62 — and Harris, penetration of intestinal blood-vessels by amoebae, 36 Rosenquist, proteid metabolism in anaemia, 645 Ross, E. Sabadill vinegar, lotions of, in head louse infection, 710 Sabatier on change of hosts, 21 Sabethes, characters, 565 Sabethoides, characters, 565 Sachs, treatment of scabies, 707 Sack, treatment of scabies, 707 Sahara, Central, human myiasis occurring in mountains of, 598 St. Artault, Trichomonas pulmonalis, 56 Saline solution, physiological, lavages of, in myiasis, 719 Salol as tapeworm drug, 674 Salt water, mosquito larvae living in, 557 Salvarsan in Asiatic relapsing fever, 631 — in North African relapsing fever, 631 — in Oriental sore, 628 — in relapsing fever, 630 — in tropical syphilis, 632 — in trypanosomiasis, 623 — in yaws, 632 dosage, 632 Salzmann, mode of infection in intestinal myiasis, 727 Sambon, L. W., Linguatula serrata, 527 personal experiments with regard to malarial infection, 158 Samelsohn, retinal haemorrhages in ancylo- stome anaemia, 646 Sandal oil in chyluria from Filaria han- crofti infection, 677 Sand flea, see Dermatophilus (Sarcopsylla) penetrans — flies, 577 and fever due to them in North China, 613 biting in Hampshire, 579 Sandflies, haunts of, 613 see also Siynulium Sandler, trichocephalus anaemia, 651 Sandwith, F. 