None
Spatangus, as host, 298 ? Spencer, on Land- Planarians, 84; on earthworms, 349, 380 (ae Spengel, on Gephyrea, 440 78 Spermatheca, of Dinophilus, 243; of Oli- gochaeta, 362, 363, 364 Spermatophores, 27, 402 Spermiducal gland, 361 Sphaerodoridae, 320 Sphaerodorum, 321 Sphaerosyllis, 308 Sphaerularia, 150, 153, 160, 161 Sphyranura, 73; setae in, 56 Spine, of Polyzoa, 481, 523 f., 524 Spinther, 318 Spio, 322 > Spionidae, 258, 321; larva, 274, 275 — Spioniformia, 258, 304, 321; peristomial cirri, 263 ; gill, 265; chaetae, 266, 267 ; 9 eyes, 272; food, 296 a Spirographin; 290 ain Spirographis, 338 ; substance of tube, 290 Spiroptera, 147,163; S. reticulata, 149; S. obtusa, 161; 8. alata, 163 yi Spirorbis, 340, 341; operculum, 261, 341; genital organs, 273, 274 ; brood- pouch, | 261, 276; fossil, 301 ; shell, 341 Spirosperma, 378; chaeta, 350 Spirulaea, 301 zooecium and owt, tii INDEX 557 Sporoceysts, 92 ; of Distomum macrostomum, ie 65; of D. hepaticum, 67 ; hosts of, mo Sm Staggers, induced by Ovenurus, 82 Statoblast, 493, 499, 501 f., 506; sessile, 502; germination, 501, 503, 514; re- semblance to ephippian ova, 493 Steenstrup, on Tape-worms, 76 Steganoporella, 530 Stelechopoda, 344 Stelechopus, 342 Stenostoma, 44, 49; asexual reproduc- tion, 44 a Stephanoceros, 202, 205, 210, 213, 220, 221 Stephanops, 225 Stercutus, 376 Sternaspidae, 258, 335 ; nephridia of, 305 Sternaspis, 835, 411, 445; anatomy, 335, 336; shape, 259; shield, 259; head, 264 ; chaetae, 265 ; gills, 268 ; intestine, 271 ; compared with Gephyrea, 336, - 447, 449 Sthenelais, 299, 300, 309, 312 Stichostemma eilhardii, 118 Stilesia, 91; generic characters, 90; S. centripunctata, 91; S. globipunctata, 91 Stock, asexual, of Autolytus, 279; of My- rianida, 281 Stole, on Oligochaeta, 360 Stolon, 480, 488, 518, 525 Stolonata, 518 n. Stomatopora, 518, 532 Stork, parasites of, 63, 163 Strobila, 75, 76 Strobilation, 76 Strodtmann, on Chaetognatha, 191 Stromatoporoids, 520 Strongylidae, 131, 742 Strongylus, 129, 142, 148, 160, 163; S. jilaria, 132; S. tetracanthus, 163 Stuhlmann, on Polyzoa, 493 Stuhimannia, 359, 386 Stylaria, 348, 377 Stylets of Nemertine proboscis, 104, 110 Stylochoplana, 18, 19, 20 Stylochus, 19 ; development, 28 Stylostomum, 19, 22 Sub-cuticle, 125, 175 Submalleate, 210, 211 ' Succinea putris, infested by larvae of Distomum macrostomum, 64, 66 Sucker, of Leptoplana, 8, 16 n.; of Tri- clads, 35, 36 ; of Temnocephala, 53, 54 ; of Monogenea, 53, 56, 57, 60; of Digenea, 62, 64, 65, 69; of Cestodes, 75, 79; of Dinophilus, 243 ; of Chaeto- pterus, 324; of Myzostoma, 342; of larva of Polyzoa, 509, 511 Summer-eggs, of Mesostoma, 48 ; of Roti- fera, 216 Sutroa, 376, 380 Swim-bladder, of Syllidae, 272 Swimming, of Leptoplana, 9,10; of Poly- clads, 23; of Rotifers, etc., 206, 235 Syllidae, 258, 306 ; palps, 260 ; tentacles, 262 ; head, 262 ; parapodium, 264; jaw, 270, 271 ; alimentary tract, 271; swim- bladder, 272; asexual reproduction, 278 f., 279; regeneration, 278, 283 ; colours, 293 ; phosphorescence, 296 ; an- cestral, 303 _ , Syllis, 274, 307 ; development, 278; S. ’ armillaris, 307; S. ramosa, 282; S. vivipara, 276 Synapta, bearing Rotifers, 222, 227 Synchaeta, 200, 204 f., 224, 226 Synchaetidae, 223, 224 Syncoelidium, 33, 42 Syncytium, 125 Syngamus trachealis, 130, 142, 144, 161, 163,164 ~ Syrinz, 411 TAENIA, 74, 78, 79, 91; life-histories of species of, 83; table of species, 89; T. (Cysticercus) acanthotrias, 80; T. coenurus, 81, 82; life-history, 83; specific characters, 90; 7. crassicollis, life-history, 78, 83; specific characters, 89; 7. echinococcus, 80; life-history, 85 ; specific characters, 90; 7. krabbei, 81; 7. marginata, 81 ; life-history, 83 ; specific characters, 90 ; 7. (Hymenolepis) murina, 70, 80 n., 89 ; life-history, 80, 83 ; specific characters, 91; TZ. per- JSoliata, 163; T. saginata (=T. medio- canellata), 78, 793; life-history, 83 ; specific characters, 89; 7. serialis, 82 ; life-history, 83 ; specific characters, 90 ; T. serrata, 81 ; life-history, 83, 87, 89 ; specific characters, 90 ; -7. solium, 79; life-history, 79, 83 ; specific characters, 89 Taeniasis, 82 - Taeniidae, 91 Tail, of Avrenicola, 333; of Nereis, 246, 248 ; regeneration of, 283 Tanypus, host of Gordius, 172 Tape-worms, 5, 74 Taphrocampa, 200, 204, 224 Tardigrada, affinities, 344 Telmatodrilus, 378 Temnocephala, 4, 53, 54, 73 Temnocephalidae, 53, 73; habits and structure, 53 f. ; affinities, 54 Tennent, on land-leeches, 408 Tentacles, in Polyclads, 15, 26; in Tri- clads, 30, 36; in Vorticeros, 45, 46 ; in Trematodes, 53; (peristomial), of Spionidae, 322; (prostomial), 255, 260, - 262 f.; of Nereis, 248 ; of Polycirrus, 294, 295; of Polygordius, 244; of Terebellids, use of, 289; nerves to, 254 558 INDEX Tentacle-sheath, in Polyzoa, 470 Tentacular cirri= Peristomial cirri, ¢.v. Tentacular filaments, 304; of Cirratulids, 326, 327 Terebella, 828 ; otocyst, 273 ; fossil, 301 ; vif conchilega, tube, 286, 287, 288; building of tube, 289, 290; gill, 329; T. nebulosa, colour, 292; as host, 311 ; gill, 329 Terebellidae, 258, 327; shape, 259; ten- tacles, 263 ; gill, 265 ; chaetae, 266, 267 ; gizzard, 271 ; tube, 286 ; use of tentacles, 289 ; colour, 293 ; phosphorescence, 296 ; food of, 296 ; tube containing Polynoid, 298 Terebellides, 299, 330; gill, 329 Terebelliformia, 258, 325 ; definition, 304; genital organs, 273 ; gland shields, 287 ; nephridia, 269; nuchal organs, 273 ; uncini, 266, 267; vascular system, 252 Terebripora, 478 Terricola, 30, 42 Tertiary, Polyzoa, 521 Tessin, on Rotifers, 198, 218 Testes, of Leptoplana, 14, 15 ; of Planaria lactea, 38, 39; of Acoela and Alloeo- coela, 47 ; of Temnocephala, 54; of Poly- stomum, 57; of Cestodes, 75, 76, 86— see also Reproductive organs Tetragonurus, 389 Tetraonchus, 73 Tetraphyllidae, 97 Tetrarhynchidae, 91 Tetrarhynchus, 75, 76 n., 85, 91 Tetrastemma, British species, 110; land forms, 101,115, 118 ; fresh-water forms, 101, 118; excretory system, 108, 109 ; habits, 114 ; hermaphrodite species, 109 ; viviparous species, 117 -‘Thalamoporella, 530 Thalassema, 411, 435 f., 441, 443 ; develop- ment, 489; habits, 443 Thelepus, 299, 329 Theodisca, 321 Thompson, J. V., on term Polyzoa, 475. Thoracic membrane, 266, 305 Thorax, of Polychaeta, 259, 306, 337 Thysanosoma, 91 ; generic characters, 90 ; T. fimbriata, life-history, 83; specific characters, 90; 7. giardit, specific char- acters, 90 Thysanozoon, 13, 18, 19, 20 Tomopteridae, 258, 291, 315 Tomopteris, 315; colour, 294; light-pro- ducing organ, 296; prostomium, 259 ; T. rolasi, 315 Tooth, in Polyzoa, 482, 522 Tortoise, Temnocephala associated with, 53 Torus uncinigerus, 268 Tracks, fossil, 302 Travisia, 332 Travisiopsis, 321 “Trunk, of Wereis, 246 ; Trematoda, 4, 51 f.; classification, 73 > Trembley, on Turbellaria, 6 ; on haa. 496, 497 Trepostomata, 520 Bs. Triaenophorus (= Tricuspidaria), 91 ; ex: Res: cretory system, 84 rt Triarthra, 201, 203, 206, 211, 224, 225, Bis 226 nd) Triarthridae, 200, 201, 202, 206, 207, 22 fy 226 Trias, Serpulid in, 301 Em Trichina, 181, 135, 144,161; 7. spiralis, 146, 163 “+ Trichinosis, 82, 146, 147 oa Trichocephalus, 131, 135, 186, 144, 160, WN 163 ; species of, 145 ; T. dispar, 1454 Trichochaeta, chaeta, 351 Trichoderma, 159 Trichoplax, 93, 95 Trichosoma, 144, 163 ; species of, 145 Trichotrachelidae, 144 a Tricladida, 7, 30 £.; habits, 35 f.; sexual 5 reproduction, 38 ; asexual reproduction, * a 40 ; classification, 42; British species, $1, 32, 34, 42 4 Tricoma cincta, 157 Tricuspidaria, 91 Trigaster, 359, 384 Trigonoporus, 19, 27 = Trinephrus, 357, 382 f. a Triophthalmus, 224 oe Triphilus, 224 Tristicochaeta, 158 : Tristomatidae, 53, 55, 73° Tristomatinae, 73 Tristomum, 73 Triticella, 478, 518, 533 life-histories, 715 Trocheta, 393, 407 j Trochophore, 229 Ww Trochopus, 73 a Trochosphaera, 200, 201, 221, 229, 230 a Trochosphaeridae, 221 f Trochosphere, of Archiannelida, 243, 245; » of Polychaeta, 274, 275, 510, 512; of Echiuroidea, 439, 510; of Polyzoa, 510 EA Trochus, in Rotifers, 202, 204 ei Trophi, of Rotifers, 209, 210 Trophonia, 299, 334 ; genital organs, 273; head, 262; intestine, 271 of Polychaeta, 259 ; of Gephyrea, 412 f. Tube, of Rotifers, 205 ; of Polychaeta, 287 f.; composition of, 290 ; fossil, 801, 302 ; of Chaetopterus, 328 ; ‘of Clymene, 287 ; of Dodecaceria, 326; of Eunice tibiana, 290; of Eunicidae, 285, 290, 318; of Haplobranchus, 339 ; of .Hekaterobran- chus, 326 ; of Hyalinoecia, 290, 319; of Maldanidae, 332 ; of Myzicola, 285, 338; of Nereis, 316 ; of Nicomache, 287 ; of Onuphis, 287, 319 ; of Owenia, 325; of INDEX 559 Pectinaria, 285, 288, 330 ; of Polydora, 323 ; of Polynoids, 285 ; af Panthalis, 3133; of Sdbella, 287 f.; of Sabellaria, 287 ; of Sabellidae, 337 ; of Serpulidae, 290, 339 f., 340; of Terebellidae, 286, 287, 288, 289, 327 f.; of Priapuloidea, 433 ; of Hchiurus, 444 Tube-forming glands, 304 Tube-making, of Polychaeta, 287 f. Tubicolous Polychaeta, 285, 300, 304, 306 Tubifex, 351, 367, 369, 378; chaetae, 350 Tubificidae, 350, 361, 366, 378 Tubulipora, 518, 531, 532 Turbellaria, 3 f, Turtles, parasites of, 142 Tylenchus, 131, 154, 155, 157, 160, 163 Tylosoma, 422, 423, 426, 430, 447 Typhloscolecidae, 258, 291, 321; nuchal organ, 273 n. Typhloscolex, 321 Typosyllis, regeneration of head, 283 n. UpbEKEM, D’, on Oligochaeta, 365 Udonella, 73; U. caligorum, 55; U. pollachti, eggs of, 58 Udonellinae, 73 Umbonula, 531 Unceinaria, 143 Uncinate, 210, 211 Uncini, of Polychaeta, 266, 267, 304, 305 Uncus, 210 Urnatella, 490, 493, 518 Urobenus, 388 Uteriporus, 42 Uterus, of Leptoplana, 8,14; of Planaria, 38, 39; of Triclads, 40; of Rhabdo- coela, 48; of Temnocephala, 54; of Polystomum, 57, 59 ; of Diplozoon, 60 ; of Didymozoon, 71; of Calliobothrium, 75 ; of Taenia, 79; of Schistocephalus, 86 ; in Bothriidae, 87 ; of Rotifers, 216 Vaaina, of Leptoplana, 16 ; in ectoparasitic Trematodes, 57 f. ; in Cestodes, 86, 87 Vaillant, on Hirudinea, 392, 405 Valencinia, 113 ; V. lineformis, 112 Valkeria, 533 Vallentin, on Rotifers, 198 Vallisnia, 73 Vanadis, 315 Varme, 297 Vasa deferentia, of Leptoplana, 14, 15; of Planaria, 38, 39; of Acoela and Alloeo- coela, 47 ; of Diplozoon, 60 ; of Schisto- cephalus, 86 Vasa efferentia, of Leptoplana, 14, 15 ; of Triclads, 38 Vascular System, of Nemertinea, 106, 107 ; of Archiannelida, 244 ; of Nereis, 251 f.; of Polychaeta, 251 f.; of Crypto- cephala, 252 ; of Scoleciformia, 252 ; of Terebelliformia, 252; absence. of, in certain Polychaeta, 253 ; of Oligochaeta, 8555; of Leeches, 396; of Gephyrea, 415, 436, 447; of Phoronis, 455 Vaucheria, Rotifers in, 227 Vejdovsky, on. Rhabdocoels, 46 ; on Gor- dius, 164, 166; on Oligochaeta, 365, 369, 374, 400 Vermes, 347 Vermiculus, 378 Vermiformia, 461 Verrill, on Chaetognatha, 534 Vertebrates, parasites of, 163, 174, 179, 183 Verworn, on statoblasts, 501 Vesicula seminalis, of Planaria, 39 Vesicularia, 481, 518, 533 Vesicularina, 518, 523 Vestibule, 488, 490 ; of larva, 509 Vibracular zooecium, 485, 486, 517, 524 Vibraculum, 477, 484, 485, 517, 524; movements, 487 ; function, 486 Vicarious avicularia, 482 Victorella, 492, 501, 505, 518, 533 Villot, on life-history of Gordius, 172 Vinella, 521 n. Virgate, 210 Visceral nervous system, of Nereis, 255 Vitellarium = Yolk-gland, q.v. Vitello-intestinal canal, in Polystomatidae, 57 ! Viviparous, Nemertinea, 109, 117 ; Roti- fers, 200, 216 f.; Polychaeta, 256, 276 Volvox, Rotifers in, 227 Vortex, 44; British species, 50; body- cavity, 43 Vorticellids, on Polychaeta, 299 Vorticeros, British species, 45, 46, 50 Vorticidae, 50 Vuillemin (misprinted in text), on Nema- todes in deserts, 156 WALFORD, on Polyzoa, 521 Ward, on Nectonema, 168 ; on Sipunculus, 417 Warning colours, in Polychaeta, 294, 314 Waters, on Polyzoa, 517 Wheeler, on Myzostomaria, 344 Whelk, shell occupied by Nereis, 298 White Cat, 317 Whitman, on Dicyemidae, 94; on Hiru- dinea, 395 f., 402, 405 f. Willemoes-Suhm, von, on Tetrastemma agricola, 101, 115, 117, 118 Willey, on affinities of Nemertinea, 120 n. ; _ on Oligochaeta, 382 Wings, of Chaetopterus, 295, 324 Winter-eggs, of Mesostoma, 48; of Roti- fers, 217; compared with statoblasts, 493 Woodworth, on yolk-glands, 38 n. 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