None
In order to control the stain it is of value to place on the slide or cover- glass a very small area of (Irani positive microorganism.s — fresh culture 1 Loeffler (Deutseh. med. Woch., 1900, page 1244) .states that methyl violet 6B or BN, dissolved in 1 to 2..") per cent, carbolic acid in a proportion of 1 to 10, gives better results. 2 Another commonly used modification is the Gram stain according to Czaplewski: 1. One minute in carbol gentian (sat. alcoholic sol. of gentian violet, 50 c.c; .5 per cent, carbolic acid watery sol., 50 c.c; aq. dest., 50 c.c). 2. Wash. 3. Thirty to sixty seconds in Lugol's solution (iod., 1; pot. iod., 2.; aq,, 300). 4. Wash; dry with filter-paper. 5. Differentiate in anilin xylol (2 to 1 -f-l.S per cent, acetone). 6. Wash in xylol; dry in air. 7. Counterstain for one minute in carbol-glycerin-fuchsin (1 gm. fuchsin triturated with 5 c.c. of ac carbol. liq., 50 c.c. glycerin, and 100 c.c aq. dest.). 8. AVash and dry. Should differentiation be difficult, carefull.v add 1 drop of alcohol to the anilin zylol. Fibrin and richly nucleated structures are more easily differentiated if the material be spread on the slide with water. 912 PREPARATIOX OF SPECIMENS FOR DIAGNOSIS of staphvloccK'cus. The conduct of the microoroanisms studied to Gram can be readily compared to that of the added microorganisms. The Gram positive microorganisms of interest in ophthahnology are: ]\Iost of the sarcinsr; Staphyk)cocci, streptococci, pneumococci; BaciUi of the (lij)htheria and subtilis group; Bacilhis perfringens (ChaiUous); AspergiUus fumigatus, streptothrix, anil actinomyces. Gram negative are: liaciUi of Kocli-Weeks and Pfeiffer (L. ]Muller, influenza); Diplobacilli of Morax-Axenfeld and Petit; The colon group; Gonococcus, meningococcus, micrococcus catarrhalis; Bacillus pyocyaneus; (iroup of Friedliinder's pneumoV)acillus/ Spirochaeta Pallida. — This supposed cause of syphillis has been found in the fluid drawn from the anterior chamber in acute iritis," in the cornea in keratomalacia in syphilitic children (Stephenson), and in the cornea of prematurely born syphilitic children (Stock, Romer, and others). It has also been found in all the other tissues of the eye except the lens. Accord- ing to Schaudinn the Spirochseta pallida is between 10 and 15 ,« in length (by the silver method still longer spirals can be found), and of an even breadth of only J u. The ends are pointed and have each a cilium. The coils are shar]), regular, short, and about 1 u long.^ Giemsa's Method of Staining. — Giemsa solution for Romanowski stain, 1 to 1^ drops; water containing 1 to 10 drops of t-qVo potassium carbonate, 1 c.c. Mix fresh every time and stain from fifteen minutes to one hour or more; wash rapidly, dry, and mount. In a successful film the nuclei of the leukocytes are dark red, the Spirochreta pallida is light red, the other spirochtetjie bluish. (Grubler, of Leipzig, prepares and sends out under the name " Giemsalosung fiir die Romanowskyfjirbung" the eosin-azur dye, the exact constituents of which can therefore be omitted.) Preiss' Rapid Method. — ^Nlix twenty drops of Giemsa solution with 10 c.c. of distilled water; divide into three parts; pour one-third over the preparation and heat it high above the flame until steam forms; pour away the stain and repeat with each of the other thirds of the solution; wash with water. Good preparations can thus be obtained in from four to fije minutes. Silver Method of Levaditi for Sections.' — The tissue is cut into small pieces (the anterior part of the eye can be treated as a whole) which are taken either direct into 9G per cent, alcohol or first into 10 per cent. ' For a complete discussion of the staining of the bacteria of the eye, see Axenfeld and MacNab, English edition, 1908, page 5. - Zur Nedden, Heidei. Congress, 1906. ' Full details of the appearances and the differential diagnosis are to be found in the monograph by E. Hoffmann, "Die Aetiologie d. Syphilis," Berlin, 1906 (.J. Spinger). ■• Ann. de I'lnst. Pasteur, 1906, xx, p. 1. STAINING 913 formalin for a few days, and then, after washing with distilled water, placed in alcohol for t\Venty-four hours. From alcohol they are placed in distilled water until they sink, and then in a dark vessel in the oven in 2 per cent, nitrate of silver for three days (according to (iierke, better 1.5 per cent, for eight days). Wash with distilled water and put into the following developing solution for forty-eight hours: pyrogallic acid, 4; formol, 5; distilled water, 100; embed in paraffin and cut in series. The spirocha?tse appear black, with short and variable spirals and pointed ends; occasionally one end divides. Heim recommends Hoffmann's modification. The pieces of tissue, after fixation in alcohol and formol, are suspended by linen threads in a freshly prepared mixture of 90 c.c. of 1.5 per cent, nitrate of silver and 10 c.c. purest pyridin. In this they remain for three hours cold and then three hours in the paraffin oven at 45° C. in a dark glass-stoppered bottle. The developing solution must be freshly prepared, thus: Mix 90 c.c. of 4 per cent, pyrogallol with 10 c.c. of pure acetone and add 15 c.c. pyridin to 85 c.c. of the mixture. In this the pieces remain cold over night. Rapid paraffin embedding. Contrast-staining with polychrome methylene blue is possible. All glass dishes must be thoroughly cleansed with ether and alcohol and the solu- tions must V)e fresh. Trachoma Body Stain. — To stain the trachoma body of Halberstadter and Prowazek a number of methods have been employed with good results. Technique. — ^Coverglass dried in the air, fixed in absolute alcohol, twenty to thirty minutes. The coverglass is permitted to float on the surface of the freshly prepared stain, film surface down, six to nine hours, at a temperature of 37° C. (If the temperature is kept at 50° C. the time is reduced to three hours.) Stain. — Giemsa's eosin solution (2.5 c.c. 1 per cent. French eosin in 500 c.c. distilled water), 12 parts; azur I (1 to 1000), 3 parts; azur II (0.8 to 1000), 3 parts. After staining the films are washed in distilled water, dried in the air, and mounted in cedar oil. Wright's stain for blood films may be employed.^ This is a very short process. The Benda Heidenhain iron hematoxylin stain may also be used. In preparing sections the tissue mass should be hardened in alcohol, embedded, and cut in paraffin. The staining process is by either of the above methods. Decolorize in absolute alcohol if the stain is too deep. Mount in cedar oil if the Giemsa stain is used, in balsam if Wright's or the Benda Heidenhain stain is employed. ' See Mallory and Wright, Pathological Techniiiue, page 372. 58 O f< W O H <J Q K O P o ^1 ■JuSu J>:3ns ui si:3 JO uoipnpojjj ■aSuBJ ptaiaqx "raooj aq^ jo ajn^BJadma:). aq'j. f^-B ^uara(Io|aAa(j •oiqoJa'BUY •oiqoJav p g+si •ainsd'B3 •Bliaauij 1 1 11+ ++ + + + +:+ II o lo o c^ o coo coo CO o »oo CO o coo coo coo CO ' O  ++ ++++I+ ++ II Mill + + +I + I 1 Incon- stant. Incon- stant. + Often many. Seldom Many. One. CO oiopioicco (MOO co'om' do" III I I I CO c)-hV(_'_;o odd. ^4h owe Tf'rt'c I I Nod lOCO iJHJH^JH tJH^-J H^.^^:;^ hJH _ CO-H 00 1 I I CO I O I I >«■* d'*'^."=?d =!-;"•«? -.'d oo--* .CO .-HO .. ►J' yir* I >o —'d CO C o 0) o .i ^ 'S' P M « _3 rt_3_5_3 _= _3 3_0 S 53 ^ .^ « o B) 5 CO lO 00  + C S Q o cc s 01 o lll+ll +1! II++II + +++ + + +++ +  '*^ "** "♦^ "*^ '*^ "*^ "^ "*^ "^^ "^^ "*^ O-iflo >0 O.C0O (M o.(N o U5 o COo CO o CO o C0?„O o%i n ~n 2^ "2^ " S. " —- £. •-Hi-li-ICOC^^H <NO^ rt (N CO  O 'C .j^ C^) C CO rt d 'h" d ^di "j d -• d JH^Eh hJchJH Eh- OOO O ''k- ^.|^. g — o ?*'i3i P on •/:"S'5 .'o.~r-c See d t-' CO d d — i oi co' -f' o d t^ od o> 5d -h c-i co" -v^^xii - -H rt rt CI C) PI  paralysis, 736 Abduction, 730 Aberration, 94 chromatic, 94, 702 in refraction, 699 spherical, 14 Ablepharia, 155 Abrasion of cornea, 305 Abscess of conjunctiva, 254 of cornea, 280 of eyelids, 160 of lachrymal sac, 203 of orbit, 624 Acanthosis nigricans, 169 Accessory sinuses, relation of disease of, to eye, 641 Accommodation, 100, 66Q absolute, 664 amplitude of, 660, 663 binocular, 664 catoptric images in, 661 degree of, 662 mechanism of, 660 paralysis of, 679 power of, 660, 662 range of, 660, ()63 reaction of iris in, 123 region of, 664 relative, 666 Accommodative asthenopia, 562 Achorion Schonleinnii, 187 Achromatopsia, 527 hysterical, 569 Acne of conjunctiva, 260 rosacea of cornea, 300 Acoin as a local anesthetic, 778 Acromegaly, cause of disease of optic chiasm, 526 eye affections due to, 773 Actinomyces, 209 Actinomycosis of lachrymal sac, 209 of orbit, 640 Adduction, 730 Adenocarcinoma of ej^lids, 183 of lachrymal gland, 199 Adenoids, relation of, to eye, 641 Adenoma of conjunctiva, 259 of eyelids, 177 of lachrymal gland, 199 Adenosarcoma of lachrymal gland, 199 Advancement operations, 886 After-cataract, 590 After-images, 424 Agar serum, 909 Agoraphobia, amblyopia associated with, 535 Albuminuric retinitis, 443 in pregnancy, 450 Alcohol, methyl, 554 Alcohol-tobacco amblyopia, 546 Alexia, developmental, 533 Alopecia of eyelids, 186 Amaurosis, 527, 544, 568 hysterical, 568 toxic, 544 Amaurotic family idiocy, 488 Amblyopia, alcohol-tobacco, 546 amaurosis, and hemianopsia with- out intra-ocular inflammatory changes, 527 astigmic, 527 cachexia, 560 color, 527 congenital, 527 due to acetanihd, 559 to alcohol, 544 to antifebrin, 559 to arsenic, 558 to aspidium, 557 to atoxyl, 551 to calabar bean, 560 to cannabis indica, 551 to carbolic acid, 560 to carbon and chloride of sul- phur, 541 to chloral hydrate, 560 to coal-tar products, 559 to cocaine, 5(50 to cofice, 553 to copper, 553 to curare, 560 to ergot, 558 to exposure to cold, 537 to lilix-mas, 557 to hasheesh, 551 to iodoform, 550 to ioduret and thiuret, 550 to jaborandi, 560 to lead, 551 to leukomains, 560 to male fern, 557 to mercury, 559 to meta-arsen-anilid, 559 018 IXDEX Amblyopia due to methyl alcohol, 554 to muscarine, 56U to nitrite of amyl, 559 to nitrobenzol and dinitrobenzol, 551 to oil of wintergreen, 55S to opium, 560 to osmic acid, 560 to pliosphorus, 559 to pomeo;ranate, 55S to potassium chlorate, 560 to ptomain-poisoning, 560 to salicylic acid, 558 to saturnine, 551 to scammonium and colocvnth, 560 to silver, 559 to stramonium. 553 to sulphvu-etted hj'drogen, 560 to thjToidin, 553 to wood naphtha, 554 spirit, 554 ex anopsia, 533, 718 following paraflin injections, 534 hysterical, 568 lunar, 536 non-toxic, 527 from non-use, 533 psychical, 534 quinine, 555 reflex, 535 simulation, 535 in squint, 718 tobacco, 546 toxic, 544 traumatic, 474, 534 Amblyopic defects of visual fields not dependent on appreciable disease of media, retina, or optic nerve, 539 Amblyoscope, Worth's, 752 Ametrometer, Thompson's, 702 Ametropia, 100 application of glasses for correction of. 676 clinical varieties of, 668 due to errors of refraction, treat- ment of, 658 Amyloid disease of conjunctiva, 250 Anatomy of capsule, 67 of chorioid, 63 of cilian,' body, 61 of conjunctiva, 53 of crvstalline lens, 65 of eyeliall, 29 of eyelids, 42 of iris, 58 of lachrj^mal apparatus, 50 of optic chiasm, 84 nerve, 81 of orbits, 29 of retina, 71 of sclera. 56 of vitreous, 69 Anemia of optic nerve, 494 pernicious, eye affections due to, 766 retinitis of, 437 Anemia of retina, 429 Anesthesia of conjvmctiva. hysterical, 568 general, 777 infiltration, 779 Schleich's solutions for, 779 of lids, hysterical, 568 local, 778 of retina, traumatic, 474 Anesthetic, local, acoin as a, 778 cocaine as a, 778 eucaine as a, 778 holocaine as a, 778 tropococaine as a, 779 Anesthetics, 777 Aneurism by anastomosis, 177 as a cause of blindness, 520 of central artery of retina, 522 of eyelids, 177 of retinal vessels, 439 Angeoid streaks in retina, 454 Angio-caverno-endothelioma of eyelids, 177 Angiocavernoma of chorioid, 360, 376 of conjunctiva, 211 of lachrymal gland, 220 Angioma, 177, 211, 376 of chorioid, 376 of conjunctiva, 211 of eyelids, 177 of lachrymal gland, 199 of orbit, 632 of retina, 477 Angioneurotic edema of eyelids, 186 Angle, alpha, 664 of convergence, meter, 667 gamma, 664 of incidence, 89 meter, 91 of refraction, 89 Aniridia, 322 corneal defects in, 322 defects of crj^stalline lens in, 322 Anisometropia, 676, 701 Ankyloblepharon, 157, 191 Aiiophoria, 711 Anophthalmos, 007 congenital, 607 Anotropia, 712 Anterior chamber, 33 Anthrax of eyehds, 159 Antimetropia, 701 Antitoxin, diphtheria, 901 Antrum, relation of disease of, to eye, 642 Aphakia, 680 Aplasia of optic nerve, 493 Apoplexy, retinal, 442 Apparatus, lachrymal, 442 examination of. 111 Aqueous hvuuor in glaucoma, 410 microscopic examination of, 908 Arc, pupillary reflex, 86 Arcus senilis corneac, 300 Arecoline, 125 Argyll-Roljertson pupil, 122 in tabes dorsalis, 348 INDEX 919 Arg5a-ia conjunctivyR, 256 Arteria retinip centralis, 80 Artery, angular, 47 anterior temporal, 47 ciliary, 38 cilioretinal, 81 frontal, 38 hyaloid, 20 eccentric, 597 persistent, 596 pseudo-, 597 infra-orbital, 47 lachrymal, 38, 47 nasal, 38 inferior, 81 superior, 81 ophthalmic, 38, 47 palpebral, 47 papillary, inferior, 81 superior, 81 retinal, 38 supra-orbital, 47 temporal, 81 transverse, 47 Arteries of chorioid, 64 of ciliary body, 63 of eyeball, 38, 47 of eyelids, 47 of retina, 79 Arteriocapillary fibrosis, 440 in retina, nature of changes in, 474 Arteriosclerosis, cause of atrophy of optic nerve, 520 of papillitis, 502 diffusa, 441 nodosa, 441 of retinal vessels, 440 Artificial eye, methods for improving movements of, 868 wearing of, 872 Asbestos chimney, 686 AspergiUus keratitis, 276 Asteroid hyahtis, 602 Asthenic paralysis, eye symptoms accom- panying, 700 Asthenopia, 562 accommodative, 562 hysteria and, 562 muscular, 563 neurasthenic, 563 fatigue field of vision in, 564 Rosenbach's plicnomenon in, 563 treatment of, 565 reflex, 567 retinal, 566 tarsal, 566 Astigmia, 102, 646, 648 against the rule, 674 axis of, 674 corneal, 648 dynamic, 648 hypero])ic, 673 irregular, 64S, 673, 700 lenticular, 648 mixed, 673 Astigmia, myopic, 673 postoperalive, 648 regular, 103, 648 simple, 673 static, 648 varieties of, 673 with the rule, 674 Astigmic amblyopia, 527 charts, 692, 693 Asymmetry, chromatic, 61 Atheroma, cause of visual defects, 520 Atresia of canaliculi, 201 Atrophy of chorioid, 372 gyrate, 464 of conjunctiva, 251 of eyelashes and eyebrows, 187 of lachrj-mal gland, 199 of optic nerve, 516 secondary, 522 of retina, gyrate, 464 of retinal bloodvessels, 442 sclerosis of corneal margin and, 300 Atropine, 125, 682 Avulsio bulbi, 514 Avulsion of globe, 630 Axes of astigmia, asymmetrical, 675 heterologous, 675 homologous, 675 symmetrical, 674 Axial myopia, 649 peculiarities in refraction, 646 Axis of astigmia, 674 of a lens, 103 primary optic, 95 optical, 664 B Bacillus of glanders, entrance of, through conjunctiva, 250 Koch- Weeks, 225 mucosus capsulatus, 250 pyocyaneus ulcer, 275 subtilis conjunctivitis, 250 ulc(>ris corneie, 267 Zur Nedden's, 267 Bacteria, cultivation of, 908 Bacterial examination before operation, 774 Bacterium coli conjunctivitis, 250 Bandages after operation, 776 Bar reading test for binocular vision, 732 Beril)eri, eye affections due to, 766 Bifocal lenses, 706 Binocular diplopia, 715 fixation, 709 anomalies of, 709 field of, 728 tests of, 724 movements of eyeball, 721 single vision, 713 field of, 729 law of, 715 vision, tests of, 727, 732 Bitemporal hemianopsia, 540 Blastomycosis of eyelids, 175 920 INDEX Blennorrhea, acute, 229 of lachrymal sac, 205 Blepharitis marginalia, 166 squamosa, 167 ulcerosa, 167 vaccine, 165 lilepharochalasis, 176 Blcpharophimosis, 191 Blepharoplasty, 798 Dieffenbach's method, 798 Everbusch's method, 798 Knapp's method, 798 Landolt's method, 798 Blepharospasm, 192 fibriliary, 193 hysterical clonic, 568 senile, 193 Blind spot, Mariotte's, 1-11 enlargement of, 144 Blindness caused hx aneurism pressing on optic nerve, 520 due to anemia caused by hemorrhage, 433 of one or both eyes, condition of pupil in, 347 without intra-ocular inflammatory manifestations, 527 Blood serum, LoHler's, 909 Blood-staining of cornea, 306 Blood-vessel formation in vitreous, 605 Blood-^■essels, atrophy of retinal, 442 in optic-nerve atrophy, 521 preretinal, 439 Blue vision, 537 Bone beneath conjunctiva, 211 ethmoid, 31 formation in chorioid, 375 frontal, 30 lachrjmal, 31 malar, 30 palate, 31 sphenoid, 31 Botryomyces, 176 Botryomycosis of eyelids, 175 Bowman's lachrymal probes, 207 Brain disease, diagnostic value of choked disk in, 508 reaction in, 123 Bright's disease, cause of papillitis, 501 liulbar paralysis, eye-symptoms accom- panying, 760 BuUer's eve shield, 232 Buphthalinos, 304, 419 Burns of conjunct iv^a, 255 of cornea, 307 ej'elids, 184 Cachexia ambh'opia, 560 strumipriva, 772 Calcareous deposits on papilla, 524 Calcification of sclera, 316 Canal of Cloquet, 70 persistent, 597 lachf>mal, 28, 50, 53, 195 Canal, Schlemm's, 34, 58 CanaUculse, 28, 52 Canaliculi, anomalies of, 195 atresia of, 201 stenosis of, 201 Cancer of eyelids, 182 Rontgen rays in treatment of, 183 Cannuhr, lachrymal, 209 Canthoplasty, 792 Canthotomy, 792 Canthus, external, 43 internal, 43 Capsular cataract, 577, 579, 590 Capsule forceps, 837 lens, 21, 67, 843 anatomy of, 34, 67 development of, 21 Tenon's, 34, 46 Capsulotomy, 843 Carcinoma of chorioid, metastatic, 381 of ciliary body, 356 of ej-elids, 182 of optic nerve, metastatic, 522 of orbit, 638 Cardinal directions of gaze, 720 Caries of orbit, 621 Cartilage in chorioid, 374 Caruncle, 260 affections of, 261 Cataract, 575 accompanving retinitis pigmentosa, 584 skin disease, 587 acquired, 580 albuminuric, 586 axial lenticular, 580 black, 583 capsular, 590 anterior, 577 polar, 577 posterior polar, 579 secondary, 590 chorioidal, 580 comphcated, 580 or secondary', 584 congenital, 577 consecutive, 584 cortical, 580 diabetic, 585 diffuse, 577 discission in, 855 extraction of, 846 after-treatment in, 850 iridectomy preliminary to, 851 of lens and its capsule in, 851 linear, 850 Major Smith's method of, 852 operation on lens capsule after, 860 by suction, 853 with iridectomy, 841 hypermature, 581 immature, 580 incipient, 580, 591 inflammatory, 589 INDEX 021 Cataract knives, 836 lamellar, 575 mature, 580 Morgagnian, 590 naphthaline, 588 nuclear, 580 occupation, 588 operations for, accidents occurring after, 857 in, 847 antisepsis in, 833 combined, 841 incision in, 839 partial, 591 primary, 580 progressive, treatment of, 593 punctate, 577 pyramidal, 577 raphanic, 587 reclination in, 854 result of ergot-poisoning, 587 of sea-sickness, 587 of sj'stemic poisoning, 587 ripening of, artificial, 859 secondary, 584 after cataract extraction, 590 treatment of, 593 senile, 580 simple, 580 senile, course of, 583 etiology of, 580 pathology of, 581 symptoms of, 582 stellate, 589 symptomatic, 585 toxic, 587 traumatic, 588 zonular, 575 Cataracta fluida, 590 lactea, 590 nigra, 583 Catarrh of conjunctiva, Sacmisch, 214 Catophoria, 711 Catotropia, 712 Cellulitis of orbit, ry22 Centrad, 91 Centres, primary subcortical optical, 86 Cerebrospinal meningitis, eye-symptoms accompanying, 762 Cervical sympathetic nerve, resection of, 418, 831 Chalamydozoan, 220 Chalazion, 170 forceps, 170 operation for removal of, 780 (Jhancroid of eyelids, 174 Channels, lym])h, 34 Chart for plotting the location of foreign l)odics in eye and orbit, 878 Chiasm, optic, 411 anatomy of, 84 diseases of, 526 ( 'liickcn-pox, eye symptoms accompany- ing, 762 Chloroma of orbit, 634 Chlorosis, cause of papillitis, 501 Chloiosis, eye affections due to, 766 Choked disk, 503 diagnostic importance of, 508 pathology of, 506 symptoms of, 503 Cholera, eve symptoms accompanying, 762 Chorea, eye symptoms accompan^•ing, 759 ( 'horiocapillaris, 27, 64 Chorioid, 359 anatomy of, 63 angiocavernoma of, 360, 376 angioma of, 376 anomalies of, 359 atrophy of, 372, 464 bone formation in, 375 calcareous deposits in, 375 cartilage in, 371 coloboma of, 359 crescentic defects of, 373 detachment of, 373, 858 diseases of, 360 effects of uveitis on, 386 examination of, 133 excrescences of, 375 in glaucoma, 410 hyi^eremia of, 360 leprosy of, 371 leukosarcoma of, 377 melanosarcoma of, 377 metastatic carcinoma of, 381 multiple pedunculated polypoid gran- ulation tumors of, 376 myoma of, 376 in myopia, 656 plexiform neuroma of, 376 retina and. gj'rate atrophj^ of, 464 retinitis proliferans accompunj-ing atrophy of, 374 rupture of, 374 sarcoma of, 376 diagnosis of, 380 metastatic, 381 treatment of, 381 tumors of, 376 wounds of, 374 Chorioidal cataract, 580 ring or crescent, 134 Chorioiditis, 360 areohiris, 3()6 centralis, 366 diffuse, 362 disseminate, 363 enil)()lic, 3()7 guttate, 366 liemorrhagic, 371 metastatic embolic, 367 plastic embolic, 367 posterior staphvloma accoinpanving, 372 senile, superficial, 373 serofibrinous, 360 suppurative, 368 tubercular, 370 Chorioretinitis, circumscrii)e(i, 167 922 INDEX Chorioretinitis, diffuse, 466 macular, 466 pigmentosa, 374 syphilitic, 361, 466 Chromatometers, 152 Chromatophotometer, Chibert's, 152 Chromatopsia produced by certain drugs, 560 Chromidrosis, 173 Cicatrix, cystoid, 415 Cilia, 44 Ciliary body, 349 anatomy of, 61 anomalies of, 349 carcinoma of, 356 cysts of, 355 detachment of, 358 development of, 26 diseases of, 349 effect of uveitis on, 385 endothelioma of, 357 epitheUal hyperplasia of, 356 in glaucoma, 410 glioma of, 356 gumma of, 355 inflammation of, 349 myoma of, 356 perithelioma of, 357 sarcoma of, 356 senile degeneration of, 354 syphilis of, 354 tubercular syphilide of, 355 tuberculosis of, 355 tumors of, 355 wounds of, 357 ganghon, 42 zone, 58, 61 wounds of, 357 Cilioretinal artery, 81 Circle of Haller, 65 of Zinn, 36 Cleft lid, 155 Chnoscope, 732 Cloquet, canal of, 70 persistent, 597 Cocaine, 125 as a local anesthetic, 778 conjunctivi'^is, 253 Colloid excrescences on papilla, 524 Collyria, 897 Coloboma of chorioid, 359 of crj^stalline lens, 573 iridis, 321 lentis, 571 of optic nerve, 491 palpebrte, 155 of vitreous, 596 Color-amblyopia, 527 Color blends, Jennings', 528 bUndness, 528 acquired, 532 complete, 151 congenital. 528 etiology of, 528, 531 incomplete, 151 partial, 528 Color-blindness, special tests for, 153 Thompson's lantern for testing, 153 total, 528 field in glaucoma, 411 hysterical inversion of, 569 reversal of, 569 perception, 529 theories of, 528 sensations, primary, 528 sense, Bonders' lantern for testing, 153 hysterical alssence of, 569 perversion of, 569 measurement of, 151 Oliver's apparatus for testing, 154 quantitative determination of, 154 tests, 151 Pfliiger's, 152 Colored shadows, 152 Colors, complementary, 530 contrary, 530 of spectrum, 88 Coma, eye symptoms in, 759 Commissure, external, 43 optic, 84 Commotio retin.'P, 474 Compressor lentis, 62 Conical cornea, 303 Coniin, 125 Conjugate de\dation, 754 foci, 93 paralysis, 754 spasm, 754 Conjunctiva, 211 abscess of, 254 acne of, 260 adenoma of, 259 amyloid disease of, 250 anatomy of, 49 anesthesia of, hysterical, 568 angiocavernoma of, 211 angioma of, 211 argyrosis of, 256 atrophy of, 251 l;)one beneath, 211 burns of, 255 congestion of, 112 cysts of, 259 emphysema of, 254 entozoa cj^sts of, 259 entrance of bacillus of glanders through, 250 epithelial plaques of, 259 epithelioma of, 260 fibroma of, 259 fibrous growths of, 212 gout of, 224 granuloma of, 259 hyperemia of, 212 injuries of, 255 lepros}^ of, 248 lipoma of, 211, 259 moles of. 267 infected, 266 marasmic, 283 microscopic examination in, 908 Mooren's, 277 pneumobacillus, 275 pneumococcal, 269 simple, 266 streptococcus, 274 wounds of, 304 CorneiP, arcus senilis, 300 Corneal margin, sclerosis and atrophy of, 300 tissue, death of, 29.5 regeneration of, 262 transplantation of, 862 Cornu of eyelids, 180 Corona ciliaris, 62 Corrugator supsrcilii, 45 Cortex reflex, 125 Cortical cataract, 580 pupillary reflex, 124 visual area, 87 Couching needle, 854 Coverglass preparations, 910 Crescent, mj'opic, 650 Cretinism, ej'e aff'ections due to, 771 Cryptophthalmos, 155, 608 CrystaUine lens, 571 absence of, 572, 680 anatomy of, 65 in aniridia, defects of, 322 and its capsule, extraction of, 851 coloboma of, 573 development of, 20 diseases of, 571 dislocation of, congenital, 571 spontaneous, 594 traumatic, 594 effect of iritis on, 340 of uveitis on, 385 examination of, 126 extract ifHi of, 844, 846 foreign bodies in, 595 in glaucoma, 410 in high myopia, removal of, 659 injuries of, 594 mobility of, 571 opacification of, 575 Crystalline lens, ossification of, 595 parasites in, 595 position of, 571 regeneration of, 595 Cul-de-sac, operation for restoration of, 802 Cupping of optic disk in glaucoma, 398 physiological, 400 Curvature myopia, 657 Cj^anopsia, 537 Cyanosis, eye affections due to, 767 Cyclitic membrane, 351 Cyclitis, serous, 349 Cyclodialysis, 830 in treatment of glaucoma, 418 Cycloplegia, 681 in skiascopy, 688 Cycloplegics and mydriatics, table of, 682 use of, in determining errors of refraction, 681 Cyclophoria, 711, 750 Cyclotropia, 711, 712 Cylindrical lens, 94, 103 Cylindroma of eyelids, 184 of lachrymal gland, 200 of orbit, 637 Cystic degeneration of Meibomian glands, 171 Cysticercus of conjunctiva, 259 of orbit, 639 subretinal, 486 Cystitomes, 837 Cysts of ciliaiy body, 355 of cornea, 310 of e3'eball, 608 of eyelid, 158, 172, 181 of iris, 341 of optic nerve, 522 of orbit, 638 Dacryo-adenitis, 196 acute, 196 metastatic, 196 subacute, 197 Dacryocystitis, 203 acute, 203 chronic suppurative, 102 congenital, 196 treatment of, 205 Dacryoliths, 198, 201 Dacryops, 198 Dalrvmple sign in exophthalmic goitre, 769 Daltonism, 528 Daturia sulphate, 682 Daturine, 125 Day-blindness, 538 Declination, 731 negative, 712 positive, 712 Degeneration of ciliary body, senile, 354 of cornea, 297 glaucomatous, 402 Demodex foUiculorum, 170 INDEX 925 Dendrites, 73 Deposits in chorioid, calcareous, 375 on Descemet's membrane, 385 on papilla, calcareous, 524 of salts on cornea, 298 of silver on cornea, 299 Dermoid cysts of eyelids, 181 of orbit, 638 tumors of conjunctiva, 211 of cornea, 308 of eyelids, 158 Descemet's membrane, 26, 54, 297 deposits on, 385 Desiccation keratitis, 283 Desquamative eczema of eyelids, 163 Detachment of chorioid, 371 of ciliary body, 358 of iris, 344 of retina, 362, 482, 652 of vitreous, 605 Development of eye, 17 Deviation, comitant, 712 conjugate, 754 constant, 712 continuous, 712 diplopia due to, 716 intermittent, 712 latent, 710 lateral, 711 manifest, 710 nature of, 735 non-comitant, 712 periodic, 712 superable, 710 vertical, 711, 722, 731 Dextrotorsion, 712 Diabetes mellitus, eye symptoms accom- panying, 761 Diabetic cataract, 585 iritis, 336 retinitis, 451 Diathetic disease, eye symptoms accom- panying, 761 Dilatation of retinal veins, 429 Dilatator pupilUr, 59 tract, sympathetic, 123 Dionin, 895 in glaucoma, 413 Dioptre, 97 prism, 91 Diphtheria antitoxin, 901 eye symptoms accompanying, 762 faucial, relation of, to eye, 641 of lachrymal sac, 209 papillitis after, 502 Diplobacillus of Morax-Axenfeld, 26S Petit's, 268 Diplopia, 715 anomalous, 717 binocular, 715 due to deviation of eyes, 716 exceptions to law of, 717 monocular, 719 hysterical, 568 in paralyses of individual muscles, 735 Diplopia, phj'siological, 714, 715 produced by a prism, 716 tests for imbalance, 727 Dischromatopsia, hysterical, 569 Disciform keratitis, 279 Discission after cataract extraction, 860 Disk, choked, 503 Mason's, 150 Maxwell's, 153 optic, 81, 133, 135, 398 in optic-nerve atrophy, excavation of, 521 of Placido, 110 vascular anomalies of, 426 Dislocation of eyeball, 629 of globe, 613 of iris, 344 of lachrymal gland, 199 of lens, congenital, 571 spontaneous, 594 traumatic, 594 Disseminate chorioiditis, 363 Disseminated sclerosis, affection of optic nerve in, 518 Distichiasis, 158 operation for, 786 Divergence anomalies, natm'c of, 743 excess, 748 and convergence insulficiency, combined, 749 insufficiency, 745 combined with convergence ex- cess, 745 movements of, 722 tests of, 730 vertical, movements of, 722 tests of, 731 Divergent squint, 711, 747 development of, 749 treatment of, 751 Dots, Gun's, 136, 464 Dressings, bandages, and protective ap- pliances after operations, 775 Duboisine sulphate, 682 Duct, lachrymal, stenosis of, 202 operation for, 808 nasal, 52 E Eccentric fixation, 709 hyaloid artery, 597 vision, 149 Ecchymosis of ej'clids, 185 Echinococcus cysts of conjunctiva, 260 of eyelids, 182 of oVl)it, 639 in vitreous chamber, 604 Ectasi;r, corneal, 301 scleral, 317 Ectopia lent is, .571 Ectropion, 189 cicatricial, 185, 100 operations for, 793, 794, 796. 707 paralytic, 190 senile, 190 926 INDEX Ectropion, spasmodic*, 189 tarsorrhaphy in, 793 of uvea, congenital, 323 Eczema of eyebrows, 186 of eyeUds, 162 Ec/ematous conjunctivitis, 244 keratitis, 263 Edema of eyehds, 186 of retina, 471 traumatic, 474 Egyptian ophthalmia, 251 Electric hght on retina, effect of, 476 Electricity in treatment of cataract, 593 of telangiectatic growths of orbit, 632 Electrolysis for removal of hair bulbs, 787 in treatment of lachrvmal stenosis, 208 of tvmiors of eyelids, 178, 181 Elephantiasis of eyelids, 176 Emmetropia, 100 Emphysema of conjunctiva, 254 of eyelids, 185 of orbit, 185 Enchondroma of ej^elids, ISO Endarteritis deformans, 440 Endocarditis, eye affections due to, 766 EndotheHoma of ciliary body, 357 of cornea, 309 of optic nerve, 522 of orbit, 637 Enophthalmos, 114, 612 Entozoa cysts of conjunctiva, 259 intra-ocular, 617 in vitreous, 603 Entropion, 188 canthoplasty in, 792 cicatricial, 189 operations for, 786 resection of tarsus in, 788 knife, Wilder's, 791 spastic, 188 operation for, 786 Enucleation of globe, 866 Ephedrine, 125 Ephidrosis, 173 tincti, 173 Epibulbar growths, 617 Epicanthus, 156 Epilepsy, eye symptoms accompanving, 759 Epiphora, 200 in exophthalmic goiter, 770 Episcleritis, 312 partialis fugax, 312 persistent, 313 Epithelioma of conjunctiva, 260 of cornea, 309 of eyelids, 182 of lachrvmal gland, polvmorphous, 200 sac, 210 Erb's disease, eye symptoms accompany- ing, 760 Ergot poisoning, cataract as a result of, 587 Erysipelas, cause of papillitis, 500 eye affections due to, 763 of eyelids, 159 Erythema of eyelids, 158 P^rythropsia, 536 Eserine, 125 in glaucoma, 412 Esophoria, 711 convergent squint and, 744 operative treatment of, 753 prisms for correction of, 703 Esotropia, 711 Essential ophthalmomalacia, 422 Ethmoid cells, relation of disease of, to eye, 642 Eucaine as a local anesthetic, 778 Eversion of eyelid, 111 Evisceration, 870 Exanthematous fevers, affections of eye- lids accompanying, 162 Excavation of disk in glaucoma, 398 in optic-nerve atrophy, 521 pjxcursion test, 728 Exenteration of orbit, 863 Exercise of eye muscles, 751 Exercises, orthoptic, 751 Exophoria, 711 divergent squint and, 747 non-comitant, 747 prisms for the correction of, 703 Exophthalmic goiter, 768 eye affections due to, 768 Rosenbach's sign in, 770 Stellwag's sign in, 770 treatment of, 771 Exophthalmos, 113, 609 in goiter, 768 pulsating, 610 Exposure to cold, amblyopia due to, 537 optic neuritis, 501 Expression due to eye strain, facial, 567 Extorsion, 712, 731 Exudation, subretinal, 482 Eye, anatomy of, 29 artificial, methods for improving movements of, 868 wearing of, 872 fluorescin in examination of, 116 foreign bodies in, localization of, 873 microorganisms of, 914 muscles, exercise of, 751 governing movements of each, singly, 719 pathogenic microorganisms of, 914 position of lenses in relation to eve, 675 of opacities in interior of, 145 relation of diseases of throat, nose, and accessory sinuses to, 641 screen, Fuchs' wire, 777 shield, Andrews' aluminum, 777 Buller's, 232 McCoy's aseptic, 777 speculum. Weeks', 835,883 INDEX 927 Eye, sympathetic inflammation of, 389 irritation of, 388 tuberculosis of, 900 vesicle, primary, IS secondary, 19 Eyeball, 607 amputation of, partial, 870 anatomy of, 31 anomalies of, 607 avulsion of, 630 burns of, 255, 307 cysts of, 608 development of, 31 dislocation of, 013, 629 disorders of associated parallel move- ments of, 754 endogenous infection of, 613 entozoa in, 617 enucleation of, 866 accidents during, 867 insertion of body into Tenon's capsule after, 869 removal of, 873 exogenous infection of, 613 field of action of muscles of, 720 foreign bodies in, 614 growths on exterior of, 617 injuries of, 612 luxation of, 629 movements of, 709 binocular, 721 parallel, 721 tests for, 722 operations on, 866 paralj'sis of ocular muscles following contu.sed wounds of, 613 penetrating injuries of, with retention of foreign bodies, 614 primary position of, 720 prominence of, 113 rotation of, 719 sinking of, 114 subenucleation of, 871 tension of, 34, 114 tests of parallel movements of, 728 toleration of, for foreign bodies, 616 wounds of, 612 Eyebrows, diseases of, 186 and eyelashes, atrophy of, 187 disappearance of, in exophthal- mic goiter, 771 favus of, 187 pediculosis of, 187 tinea tonsurans of, 187 Eyelashes, 44 and eyebrows, atrophy of, 187 premature grayness of, 186 Eyelids, 155 abscess of, 160 adenocarcuioma of, 183 adenoma of, 177 affections of, accompanying exan- thematous fevers, 162 alopecia of, 186 anatomy of, 42 Eyelids, anesthesia of, hysterical, 568 aneurism of, 177 angio-caverno-endothelioma of, 177 angioma of, 177 cavernosum of, 177 venosum of, 177 angioneurotic edema of, 186 anthrax of, 159 blastomycosis of, 175 botryomycosis of, 175 burns of, 184 gunpowder, 185 carcinoma of, 182 chancroid of, 174 cornu of, 180 cylindroma of, 184 cysticercus of, 182 cysts of, 158, 172, 181, 182 development of, 28 ecchj-mosis of, 185 eczema of, (.lesquamative, 163 hypertrophic, 163 moist, 162 edema of, 186 elephantiasis of, 176 lymphangiectodes of, 176 emphysema of, 185 enchondroma of, ISO epitheUoma of, 182 er3-sipelas of, 159 erj'thema of, 158 eversion of. 111 favus of margin of, 169 fibroma of, 178 furunculosis of, 159 hyperemia of, 158 hj'sterical anesthesia of, 568 impetigo of, 159 infarcts of, 172 inflammation of border of, 166 injuries of, 185 leprosy of, 174 lichen simplex affecting, 162 lipoma of, 158, 179 lupus erythematosus of, 175 vulgaris of, 174 malignant j)ustulc of, 159 milium of, 172 moUiLscum contagiosum of, 181 fibrosum of, 178 morphora of, 176 noma of, 160 operations on, 780 osteoma of, ISO papilloma of, 179 plexiform neurofibroma of, 17S Roiitgen ravs in treatment of cancer of, 1S3 sarcoma of. 184 seborrhea of, 1()() syphilis of, 173 tetanus following wounds of, 185 tophi of, 172 tuberculosis of, 174 tumors of, 176 dermoid, 158 928 INDEX Eyelids, tumors of, fihroitl, 171 malignant, 182 ulcer of, 159 gangrenous, 160 rodent, 182 urticaria of, 158 vaccinia of, 1(55 witii globe, failure of contact of, 15S xanthelasma of, 180 Eye strain, facial expression due to, 567 headache caused b}^ 760 head-tilting duo to, 567 migraine caused by, 539 Eyes, tleviation of, nature of, 735 l<\\ciAL expression due to eye strain, 567 Fadchen keratitis, 280 Far point, 100 F'ascia tarsoorbitalis, 47 Fatigue field of vision in neiu'astheiiic asthenopia, 564 Favus of eyebrow, 187 of margin of eyelids, 169 Fever, rheumatic and relapsing, eye affections due to, 764 scarlet, eye affections due to, 765 typhoid, eye affections due to, 765 yellow, eye affections due to, 765 l'"ibrochondroma of oriiit, 633 Fibroma of conjunctiva, 259 of cornea, 309 of ej'elids, 178 of lachrymal gland, 199 of optic nerve, 522 lymphangiectatic, 522 of orbit, 632 Fibrous growths of conjunctiva, 212 tumoi-s of eyelids, 171 Field of action of muscles of eyeball, 720 of fixation, 720 of light sense, measurement of, 150 of vision, combined, 142 for color, 142 for light perception, 140 in glaucoma, 411 limits of normal, 140 measurement of, 136 pathological defects of, 143 I'ilaria' in vitreous, 604 loa in orbit, 640 Filix-mas, amblyopia clue to, 557 Fissure, palpebral, 42 Fistula of lachrymal gland, 198 sac, 205 Fixation, binocular, 666, 709 anomalies of, 709 field of, 728 tests of, 724 eccentric, 709 field of, 720, 723 line of, 664 monocular, 709 point of, 664 Fluoroscopy in examination of eye, 115 Foci, 93 conjugate, 93 of lenses, 95 Forceps, advancement. Prince's, SSS Reese's, 891 Weeks', 888 capsule. Smith's, 837 chalazion, 780 fine-tooth, Stevens', 883 fixation, Graefe's, 835 iris, 819, 836 Liebreich's, 821 trachoma, 800 Foreign bodies in cornea, 305 in globe, 614 and orI)it, removal of, 873 in iris, 345 in lens, 595 in orbit, 628 in sclera, 319 in vitreous, 614 P'orm .sense, 147 Fornix conjunctivte, 49 Fovea centralis, 71, 78, 136 externa, 78 interna, 78 PVacture of walls of orbit, 626 Frame, trial, 695 adjustable, for facial measure- ments, etc., 705 Frontal sinuses, relation of disease of, to eye, 643 Fuchsin stain, 910 Function of iris, 320 of optic nerve, 491 of retina, 423 Fundus oculi in exophthalmic goiter, 771 normal appearance of, 133 sacci lachrymalis, 52 Fungus growths of vitreous, 606 Furunculosis of eyelids, 159 Fuscin, 74 Fusion, 712 centres, 713 faculty, 713 training, 751 Ganglion cells of retina, 24 ciUary, 42 Gasserian, 41 lenticular, 42 ophthalmic, 42 Gangrenous ulcerations of eyelids, 160 Gasserian ganglion, 41 Gelseniine, 125 Gerlier's dLsease, 742 Gerontoxon, 300 Giant magnets, 615 Giemsa's stain, 912 Gland, lachrymal, 28, 50 diseases of, 198 extirpation of, 807 INDEX 929 Gland, Meibomian, 28, 44, 46 of Moll, 44 retention cj'sts of, 172 sebaceous, 28 sweat, 28 Zeiss, 44 Glasses, application of, for the correction of muscular anomalies, 676 for correction of ametropia, pres- byopia, and errors of extra-ocular muscles, 704 mounting of, 704 Glaucoma, 397 absolute, 402 anterior chamber in, 397 aqueous humor in, 410 arterial pulsation in, 397 chorioid in, 410 ciliarj' body in, 410 color fields in, 411 complicated, 422 conditions influencing development of, 407 crystalline lens in, 410 cupping of optic disk in, 398 absolute, 400 cyclodialysis in, 418 diminution of vision in, 398 dionin in, 413 eserine in, 412 etiology of, 40.5 evolutum, 401 exciting causes of, 408 field of vision in, 404 fulminans, 403 halos in, 401 hemorrhagic, 421 heredity as a cause of, 407 increase in tension in, 405 infantile, 419 inflammatory, 400 chronic, 403 involvement of cornea in, 408 of iris in, 408 of lachrymal gland in, 408 iridectomy in, 414, 825 laceration of infratrocihlear nerve in, 418 Lagrange operation in, 826 miotics in, 412 neurotomy in, 418 ophthalmosc opicappoarance of disk in, 399 optic nerve in, 410 pathology of, 408 pilocarpine in, 412 predisposing causes of, 407 primary, 400 diagnosis of, 412 reduction of intra-ocular tension in, 416 sympathectomy in, 418 treatment of, 412 prognosis in, 416 relapses in, 415 retina in, 410 59 Glaucoma, secondary, 420 etiology of, 420 hypo tony in, 422 reduction of intra-ocular tension in, 422 retinal hemorrhage as a cause of, 421 sympathectomy in, 422 simple chronic, 403 size of globe in, 407 stretching of supratrochlear nerve in, 418 subacute, 403 systemic conditions as a cause of, 407 time of operation in, 415 treatment of, medicinal, 412 operative, 414, 825 vitreous in, 410 Glaucomatous crisis, 401 degeneration, 402 ring, 403, 411 Glioma of ciliary body, 356 of optic nerve, 522 of retina, 477 development of, 478 diagnosis of, 480 pathology of, 480 treatment of, 481 Gliosarcoma of orbit, 637 Globe. Goiter, exophthalmic, 678 cornea in, 771 Dalrymple sign in, 769 disappearance of eyebrows and eyelashes in, 771 epiphora in, 770 etiology of, 768 fundus oculi in, 771 Gifford's sign in, 770 Graefe's sign in, 769 iris in, 771 ocular muscles in, 771 pigmentation of eyelid in, 770 Rosenbach's sign in, 770 Stellwag's sign in, 770 symptoms of, 708 tache C('n''brale-in, 770 treatment of, 771 Gonorrhea, eye affections due to, 763 Gonorrheal conjunctivitis, 229 iritis, 334 Gout of conjunctiva, 224 eye symptoms accompanying, 761 Gouty iritis, 334 retinitis, 471 Grafts, Thiersch, 796 Gram stain, 911 Granular conjunctivitis, 217 Granuloma of conjunctiva, 259 of iris, 344 Graves' disease, 7()S eye aOVclions ilue to, 76S Green vision produced bv certain drugs, 561 Gumma of ciliary body, 353 -^ 930 INDEX Gumma of cornea, 297 of iris, 331, 342 of optic nerve, 522 Gunpowder burns of eyelids, 185 Gun's dots, 136, 464 Gunshot wounds of orbit, 628 Haritus glaucomato.sus, 402 Hair bulbs, electrolysis for removal of, 787 operation for removal of, 787 Headache caused by eye strain, 760 Head-tilting due to eye strain, 567 Hemangioma of orbit, 632 Hemeralopia, 144, 537 Hemiachromatopsia, 532 homonymous, 542 Hemianopsia, 540 absolute, 542 altitudinal, 541 binasal, 540 bitemporal, 540 development of, 543 dividing line in, 542 etiology of, 541 homonjTnous, 540 horizontal, 540 hysterical, 569 pupil in, 543 relative, 542 significance of various forms of, 543 treatment of, 543 vertical, 540 without intra-ocular inflammatory manifestations, 527 Hemiopia, 340 Hemoglobin media, 909 Hemorrhage, anemia due to, followed by bUndness, 433 cause of optic-nerve atrophy, 521 from retinal vessels, 475 into optic nerve, 496 sheath, 496 into orbit, 626 into vitreous, 600 macular, 473 subretinal, 482 Hemostasis, local, 779 Heredity, cause of papiHitis, 499 factor in production of color-blind- ness, 531 in optic-nerve affections, 518 Hernia of orbital fat, 640 Herpes of cornea. 285 cornea? febrilis, 286 neuralgicus, 286 zoster corneas, 286 frontahs, 164 oplithalmicus, 164 orbitales, 164 Heterophoria, 710 comitant, strabismus and, 743 Heterophoria, prisms for correction of, 703 squint and, classification of, 710 symptoms of, 750 treatment of, 750 Heteroplasty, orbital, 869 Heterotropia, 710 Hippus, 320 hj'sterical, 568 Holocaine as a local anesthetic, 778 Homatropine hydrobromate, 682 Hooks, Tyrell's, 821 Hop picker's conjunctivitis, 253 Hordeolum, 161 Meibomianum, 161 Hutchinson teeth, 292 Hyaline bodies in papilla, 525 degeneration of cornea, 297 Hyalitis, 598 asteroid, 602 punctata, 598 purulent, 598 Hyaloid arterj', eccentric, 597 persistent, 596 pseudo-, 597 Hydatid buzzing, 639 cvst of optic nerve, 522 of orbit, 639 in \'itreouR chamlier, 604 Hydrophthalmos, 304, 419 Hyoscine, 125 Hyoscyamine, 125, 682 Hyperemia of chorioid, 360 of ciliary body, 349 of conjunctiva, 212 of eyelids, 158 of iris, 324 of optic nerve, 494 of retina, 426 Hyperidrosis, 173 Hyperopia, 100, 647 absolute, 668 correction of, 100 facultative, 668 latent, 668 manifest, 668 symptoms of, 669 total, 668 varieties of, 668 Hyperostosis of orbit, 622 Hyperphoria, 711, 750 prisms for correction of, 703 Hvperplasia of ciliary body, epithelial, 356 Hypertrophy of lachrymal gland, 199 Hypertropia, 711, 750 Hypopyon, 262 keratitis, atypical, 274 Hypotony in treatment of secondaiy glaucoma, 422 Hypotropia, 711 Hysteria, asthenopia and, 562 Hysterical amaurosis, 568 amblyopia, 568 Hystcro-epilepsy, conjugate deviation f)f eyes in, 568 INDICX 931 Idiocv, amaurotic family, 488 Idiopathic iritis, 336 Illiterates, test letters for, 148 Illumination, oblique, 116 Image, false, 715 real, 715 Images, incongruous, 718 in lens refraction, 96 by refraction, formation of, 94 suppression of, 534, 718 tipping of, 731 Imbalance, 710 diplopia test for, 727 parallax test for, 727 Impetigo of eyelids, 159 Implantation cvsts of iris, 341 of orbit, 639 Incidence, angle of, 89 Incipient cataract, 591 Index myopia, 657 lenticular, 657 refractive, 89 Indirect method of ophthalmoscopy, 105 reflex, 121 Infarcts of eyelids, 172 Infectious diseases, affections of eve due to, 762 eye symptoms accompanying, 762' Infiltration anesthesia, 779 solutions for, 779, 780 Influenza, cause of papillitis, 500 e5'e affections due to, 763 Influenza-bacillus conjunctivitis, 227 Injections, intra-orbital, 899 pericorneal, 325 subconjunctival, 898 Inoculation of eyes of animals, 909 Instruments for operation, preparation of, 775 Insufficienc}^ convergence, 748 divergence, 745 of ocular muscles, 710 Intermittent exophthalmos, 610 International tests, Buchardt's, 148 Intestinal parasites, eye affections due to, 773 In torsion, 712, 731 Intraocular entozoa, 617 Intra-orbital injections, 899 Inunctions, mercurial, 902 Iodoform, amblj'opia due to, 550 loduret and thiuret, amblyopia due to, 550 Iridectomy, 818 forms of, 820 in glaucoma, 414, 825 accidents that may follow, 414 complications that may follow, 414 Iridencleisis, 824 Iridocyclitis, 349 plastic, 350 purulent, 350 Iridocyclitis, serofibrinous, 349 treatment of, 354 Iridocystectomy, 824 Iridodesis, 824 Iridodialysis, 344, 824 Iridoplegia, unilateral reflex, 347 Iridotomy, 821 extra-ocular, 824 Iris, 320 anatomy of, 58 angle, incision of, 829 anomalies of, 321 coloboma of, 321 cysts of, 341 implantation, 341 detachment of, 344 diseases of, 324 dislocation of, 344 effect of uveitis on, 385 examination of, 119 in exophthalmic goiter, 771 forceps, 819, 821, 836 Liebreich's, 821 foreign bodies of, 345 function of, 320 functional disturbances of, 345 in glaucoma, involvement of, 408 granuloma of, 344 gumma of, 342 hyperemia of, 324 inflammation of, 325 injuries of, 344 leprosy of, 343 lipoma of, 344 Ij'mphomata of, 343 melanoma of, 324, 343 nevi of, 324 operations on, 818 papillomata of, 343 pigmentation of, 61 prolapse of, 345, 857 in cataract operations, 847 reaction of, 123 retroversion of, 244 sarcoma of, 342 scissors, 819 do Wecker's, 823 tumors of, 342 vascular growths of, 343 voluntary, 125 wounds of, 344 Iritis, 325 catamenialis, 335 croupous, 327 diabetic, 336 due to disorders of teeth and nose, 335 (o infectious diseases, 335 gonorrheal, 334 gouty, 334 gummatous, 331 licmorrhagic, 330 iierpetic, 337 idiopathic, 336 nodosa, 335 papillary, 331 932 INDEX Iritis, parenchymatous, 330 plastic, 328 purulent, 329 results of, 337 rheumatic, 333 secondary, 337 serofibrinous, 326 serous, 326 spongy, 327 sympathetic, 336 syphilitic, 330 tuberculous, 336 Irritation, sympathetic, 388 Ischemia of retina, 429 Keratectasi.t:, 303 Keratitis arborescens, 282 aspergillus, 276 of Bombaj', superficial punctate, 295 bullous, 287 deep vascular, 294 dendritic, 282 desiccation, 283 disciform, 279 eczematous, 263 e lagophthalmos, 283 Fadchen, 280 fascicular, 265 filamentous, 280 frenular, 265 furrow, 282 hypopyon, atypical, 274 lymphatic, 263 marginal, 266 superficial, 279 mycotic, 276 neuroparalytica, 165, 284 neuropathic, 284 parenchymatous, 290 phlj'ctenular, 263 relapsing traumatic, 288 ribbon, 298 sclerosing, 296 scrofulous, 263 sequestrating cicatricial, 298 snail's track, 265 striped, 858 suppurative, 263 syphilitic, 291 toxic, 301 tubercular, 289 Keratocele, 302 Keratocoiuis, 303 Keratoglobus, 304 Keratomalacia, 243, 283 Keratome, Agnew's angular, 818 Jaeger's angular, 819 straight, 819 Keratometry, principles of, 104, 108 Keratoplast}', 862 Keratosis nigricans, 169 pilaris, alopecia due to, 186 Kidneys, disease of, eye affections due to, 443 Knife, entropion, Wilder's, 791 Graefe's, 836 needle, 821 Knapp's, 856 Knives, canaliculus, 809 cataract, 836 Koch- Weeks bacillus, 225 Laceration of infratrochlear nerve in treatment of glaucoma, 418 of optic nerve, 514 of retina, 475 Lachrymal apparatus, 195 anatomy of, 50 anomalies of, 195 diseases of, 196 examination of. 111 operations on, 807 artery, 47 canal, 28, 50, 53 anomalies of, 195 canaliculi, 28, 52, 195, 201 cannulte, 209 duct, stenosis of, 202 operation for, 808 treatment of, 206 gland, accessory, extirpation of, 808 atrophy of, 199 development of, 28 dislocation of, 199 extirpation of, 807 fistula of, 198 in glaucoma, involvement of, 408 hypertrophy of, 199 nerve supply of, 51 syphilis of, 200 trachoma of, 199 tuberculosis of, 199 tumors of, 199 nerve, 42 papilla, 52 probes, Noyes', 208 puncta, 28, 43 affections of, 200 sac, abscess of, 203 actinomycosis of, 209 anatomy of, 52 anomalies of, 195 blennorrhea of, 205 diphtheria of, 209 epithelioma of, 210 excision of, 810 fistula of, 205 follicular inflammation of mu- cous membrane of, 210 phlegmon of, 203 polypus of, 209 sarcoma of, 210 tuberculosis of, 209 secretion, 51 styles, 208 i INDEX 933 Lachiymal syringe, Anel's, 206 I Lactation, eye affections due to, 767 Lacunip, 54 1 Lagoplithalmos, 155, 191 I La grippe, eye affections due to, 763 Lamella, posterior limiting, 60 Lamina cribrosa in optic-nerve atrophy, 521 of Sattler, elastic, 64 vitrea, 60, 64 Landolt's ophthalmodynamometer, 730 Lanterns for testing the color sense, 153 154 Law of binocular single ^^sion, 715 of diplopia, exceptions to, 717 of projection, 713 of refraction, 89 Lead, incrustations on cornea, 299 Leber's disease, 511 Lens axis of a, 103 capsule, 21, 67, 843 removal of portion of, 843 centre of, 98 crystalline, 20, 65, 571 extraction of, 844, 846 cylindrical, 103 determination of axis of cylindrical, 103 of power and centre of, 98 focal length of, 95 power of, 98 principal focus of, anterior, 93, 95 posterior, 95 primary optic axis of, 95 refraction, images in, 96 spoon, Bowman's, 838 star, 67 stenopeic, Stevens', 727 toric, 103 Lenses, 94 application of, for correction of ametropia, 676 asymmetxical, 94 biconcave, 94 biconvex, 94 bifocal, 706 achromatic, 707 Franklin, 706 Morck's, 707 paster, 706 prisms in, 708 cardinal points of, 95 classification of, 94 collective, 95 concavo-convex, 94 construction of, 705 convexo-concave, 94 cylindrical, 94 dispersive, 95 foci of, 95 moimting of, 704 numeration of, 97 obliquity of, 704 periscopic, 94, 705 plano-concave, 94 plano-convex, 94 Lenses, position of, 704 in relation to eye, 675 for skiascopy, Gruening's set of hand, 688 spherical, 94 toric, 94, 103, 705 trial, 696 method of employing, in deter- mination of errors of refrac- tion, 696 twisted, 705 Lenticonus, 573 Leontiasis osseous, 621 Leprosy of chorioid, 371 of conjunctiva, 248 of eyelids, 174 of iris, 343 of sclera, 316 Leptothrix buccalis, 201 Leukomains, amblyopia due to, 560 Leukomata of cornea, 311 Leukemia, eye affections due to, 766 Leukopsin, 423 Levaditi's silver stain, 912 Levator palpebral superioris muscle, 47 paralysis of, 194 Levotorsion, 712 Lichen simplex affecting the eyelids, 162 Lid clamp, Knapp's modification of Desmarres', 786 Lid, cleft, 155 forceps. Weeks', 800 holder, Jaeger's, 787 reaction, 124 retractor, Desmarres', 838 Ligament, annular, 62 external palpebral, 44 suspensory, 23, 67, 69 Ligamentum pectinatum, 26, 55 Light perception, fiekl of vision for, 140 reflexes, 120 sense, 149 transmitted, 118 Limbus, 49 conjunctiva', 50 Lipoma of conjunctiva, 211, 259 of eyelids, 158, 179 of iris, 344 of orbit, 633 Liquor Morgagni, 581 Lithemic diathesis, eye symptoms ac- companying, 761 Lithiasis conjunctiva', 172, 214 Lupus erytlicmatosus of eyelids, 175 vulgaris of eyelids, 174 Lymph channels, 34 stasis in cornea, 300 system, canalicular, 54 I,yniphangiectasis of conjunctiva, 258 I>ynipliangioma of orliit, 632 (A'ni|)lioma of iris, 343 of lachrymal gland, 199 of orbit, 6315 934 INDEX M McHahdy's periuaetcr, 138 MacNab's ointment, 273 Macropsia, 125 Macula lutea, 71, 78, 136, 475 in mj'opia, 652 senile circular defects at, 477 traumatic perforation at, 475 Madarosis, 168 Maddox double prism, 108, 731 rod, 698, 727, 731 Magnet, giant, Haab's, 879 Hirschberg's, 878 Innenpol, Mellinger's, 880 Magnets, 615 Magnifier, Jackson's binocular, 116 Malaria, cause of papillitis, 501 eye affections due to, 764 Malformations of skull as a cause of optic-nerve affections, 520 Malingering, Schmidt-Rimpler's test for, 536 - tests for, 535 Wilbrand's test for, 535 Mania, postoperative, 858 Mask, Ring's ocular, 777 Massage, 896 in treatment of cataract, 593 Maxilla, superior, 30 Measles, eye affections due to, 763 Megalocornea, 304 Megalophthalmos, 304 Meibomian glands, 28, 44, 46 C3'stic degeneration of, 171 pyorrhea of, 172 stye, 161 Melanoma of" iris, 324, 343 of retina, 477 Membrane, Bowman's, 26, 54 Bruch's, 60 cyclitis, 351 Descemet's, 26, 54 limiting, of retina, 72, 76 vascular, 22 Meningococcus conjunctivitis, 237 Menstruation, eye affections due to, 194, 767 Mercury, administration of, 902 injections of, intramuscular, 902 intravenous, 904 Meridians, 674 horizontal, 674 oblique, 674 ' principal, 102 vertical, 674 Meter angle, 91 of convergence, 667 Methylene blue stain, Loeffler's, 910 Micrococcus catarrhalis conjunctivitis, 237 Microorganisms, cultivation of, 908 of eye, 914 Micro phakia, 571 Microphthalmos, 608 development of cysts in, 608 Microscope of Czapski, 116 Microscopic examination, preparation of specimens for, 907 Migraine caused by eye strain, 539 ophthalmoplegic, 741 Milium of eyelids, 172 Miner's nystagmus, 755 Miosis, amblj^opia due to agents pro- ducing, 560 irritation, 347 paralytic, 346 Miotics, 125 in glaucoma, 412 Moles of conjunctiva, 212 Moll, glands of, 44 Molluscum contagiosum of eyelids, 181 fibrosum of eyeUds, 178 Moon-blindness, 536 Morgagnian cataract, 590 Morphine, 125 Morphoea alba plassa, 176 of eyelids, 176 Motor ocuh, 38 Movements of convergence, 722 of divergence, 722 vertical, 722 of each eyeball singly, 719 of ej'eball and their anomalies, 709 binocular, 721 disorders of associated, 754 parallel, 721 refraction, of congenital origin , 756 tests for, 722 parallel, 728 Mucaine, 125 Mucocele, 202 Mumps, eye affections due to, 764 Muscse volitantes, 598 Muscles, advancement of, 886 Briicke's, 62 ciliary, 62 of ciliary body, 62 compressor lentis, 62 corrugator supercilii, 62 displacement of insertion of, to cor- rect torsion, 893 eye, exercise of, 751 extrinsic, 35 of eyeball, 35 of eyelids, 44 field of action of, 720 governing movements of each eye- ball singly, 719 insufhciencv of, 710 of iris, 59, 344 levator palpebrse superioris, 47 Midler's, 47, 62 affections of, 194 oblique, 37, 719 operations on, 882 overaction of, 743 paralysis of, 735 diagnosis of, 738 etiologjr of, 736 following wounds of globe, 61 3 INDEX 935 Muscles, paralysis of, individual, 735 diplopia in, 735 innervational, 737 insertional, 737 prognosis of, 741 special types of, 741 structural, 736 symptoms of, 738 treatment of, 742 varieties of, 736 orbicularis palpebrarum, 44 recti, 35, 719 resection of, 891 of Riolani, 45 spasm of, 743 static condition of, Maddox rod for testing, 698 tensor chorioidea, 62 tarsi, 45 Muscular anomalies, application of glasses for correction of, 676 asthenopia, 563 Myasthenia gravis, eye symptoms accom- panying, 760 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 246 Mydriasis, 681 amblyopia due to agents producing, 560 in determining errors of refraction, 683 etiology of, 345 Mydriatics, 125 cycloplegics and, table of, 682 use of, in determining errors of refraction, 681 increased tension of eyeball as a contra-indication to use of, 681 Myodesopsia, 598 Myoma of chorioid, 376 of cihary body, 356 Myopia, 100, 646 anatomical changes in, 650 axial, 649 chorioid in, 656 ciliary muscle in, 656 cornea in, 656 correction of, 101 curv'aturc, 657 etiology of, 653 Fuchs' pigment spots in, 653 index, 657 lenticular, 657 influence f)f near work on, 654 of occupation on, 653 of posture on, 655 macula in, 652 malignant, 649 optic disk in, 651 nerve in, 651 physiological, 649 posterior staphyloma in, 650 progressive, 649 removal of lens in high, 659 retina in, 651 retinal suporf ractitm in, 651 in school (•liil(h('ii, 654 Mj'opia, sclera in, 656 staphyloma verum in, 651 tension in, 657 treatment of, 658 lenses in, 670 operative, 658 vitreous in, 656 Myopic conus, 650 crescent, 650 in sclerochorioiditis posterior, 372 Myxedema, eye affections due to, 771 Myxoma of conjunctiva, 259 of cornea, 309 of optic nerve, 522 N Nasal cavities, relation of disease of, to eye, 641 duct, 52 Near-point, convergence, 730 Necrosis of orbit, 621 syphihtic, 621 Needle-holder, Stevens', 883 Nerve, cervical sympathetic, resection of, 831 cihary, 42 fifth, 41 fourth, 40 laceration of infratrochlear, 830 lachrymal, 42 optic, 491 atrophy of, 516 sixth, 41 supply of chorioid, 65 of cihary body, 63 of conjunctiva, 50 of cornea, 55 of eyelid, 49 of iris, 61 of lachrymal glantl, 51 of ocular muscles, 3S of retina, 81 third, 38 trigeminal, 41 Nervous system, diseases of, in rclntiim to ocular conditions, 759 Neurasthenic asthenopia, 563 Neuritis, optic, 497 retrobull)ar, 51 1 i)ilateral liereditary, 511 Neuro-epithelionia of retina, 477 Neur()hl)roma of eyelids, picxifDrni, 178 Neuroma of chorioid, plexiform, 376 of orbit, 634 Neuroretinitis, sympathetic, 390 Neurotomy, opticociliary, 831 in treatment of primary glau- coma, 418 Nevi of iris, 324 Nevus of eyelids, 179 vinosus, 179 Nicolle's thionin stain, 91 1 Nicotine, 125 936 INDEX Nictitation, 192 Night-blindness, 537 Nigricans, acanthosis, 169 keratosis, 169 seborrhea, 173 Nitrate of amyl, amblyopia due to, 599 Nitrobenzol and dinitrobenzol, amblj^- opia due to, 551 Nodal point, 94 Noma of eyelids, 160 Nose, optic-nerve atrophy accompanying, 519 relation of disease of, to eye, 641 Nyctalopia, 538 Nystagmus, 755 miner's, 756 Ohlique illumination, 116 Obliquity of lenses, 704 Occlusio pupilla*, 339 Occlusion of lachrj'mal pimcta, 200 Ocular conditions connected with general disease, 759 disturbances, hysterical, 568 manifestations, sympathetic, 388 muscles, 35 extrinsic, 35 insufficiency of, 710 operations on, 882 paralysis of, 735 vesicles, rudimentary, 609 Oculomotor nerve, 39 Ointment, MacNab's, 273 mercurial, 903 Opacification of lens or of its capsule, 575 Opacities of cornea, 116, 296 in interior of e5"e, position of, 145 of vitreous, 599 Operations, 774 bacterial examination before, 774 preparation of instruments for, 775 of patient for, 774 of skin in region of, 774 of surgeon and assistants for, 774 Ophthalmia, 212 chronic, 251 Egyptian, 251 migrating, 389 military, 214 neonatorum, 229, 235 nodosa, 253 sympathetic, 389 vaccine, 165 Ophthalmic artery, 38 Ophthalmodynamometer, 730 Ophthalmomalacia, essential, 422 Ophthalmometer, 109 Helmholtz's, 109 Javal-Schiotz, 109, 681 Ophthalmometry, 108, 684 Ophthalmophakometer, 686 Ophthalmoplegia, bilateral transient, 742 Ophthalmoplegia, chronic progressive, 741 exterior, 736 interior, 736 recurrent, 741 Ophthalmoscope, 126, 691 Loring's, 126 luminous, 129, 133 Morton's, 126 Ophthalmoscopic examination, direct method, 131 indirect method, 129 interpretation of, 129 Ophthalmoscopy, 105, 691 principles of, 104 Optic chiasm, 491 anatomy of, 84 disease of, 526 ciliary neurotomy in treatment of primary glaucoma, 418 disk, 81, 133 cupping of, in glaucoma, 398 physiological, 135 in myopia, 651 pigmentation of, 493 nerve, 491 affections of, in disseminated sclerosis, 518 due to heredity, 518 to malformations of skull, 520 in lateral sclerosis, 518 anatomy of, 81 anemia of, 495 angiosarcoma of, 522 anomahes of, 491 aplasia of, 493 arterial pulsation of, 494 atrophy of, 516 accompanying a serous dis- charge from nose, 519 after excessive sexual inter- course, 520 bloodvessels in, 521 caused by electricity, 519 due to internal hydroceph- alus, 520 fields of vision in, 522 in general paralysis of insane, 519 lamina cribrosa in, 521 in lateral sclerosis, 518 ophthalmoscopic appear- ances in, 521 result of arteriosclerosis, 520 of hemorrhage, 521 secondary, 522 symptoms of, 521 in tabes dorsalis, 516 blindness caused by aneurism pressing on, 520 carcinoma of, metastatic, 522 circulatory disturbances of, 494 coloboma of, 491 compression of, 514 INDEX m: Optic nerve, cyst of, 596 hydatid, 522 development of, 25 diseases of, 494 endothelioma of, 522 fibroma of, 522 fibrosarcoma of, 522 function of, 491 in glaucoma, 410 ghoma of, 522 gliosarcoma of, 522 gumma of, 522 hemorrhage into, 496 hyperemia of, 494 inflammation of sheath of, 513 injury to, 514 intra-ocular end of, gumma of, 524 tumors of, 524 laceration of, 514 in myopia, 651 myxofibroma of, 522 myxoglioma of, 522 myxoma of, 522 myxosarcoma of, 522 psammoma of, 522 pulsation of, 494 rupture of, 514 sarcoma of, 522 alveolar, 522 endothelial, 522 metastatic, 522 symptoms of, 523 treatment of, 524 sheaths, 82 hemorrhage into, 496 tumors of, 522 Ij^mphangiectatic, 522 tubercular, 522 venous pulsation of, 494 neuritis, 497 exposure, 501 localizing value of, 509 rheumatic, 501 in sympathetic ophthalmia, 390 papilla, connective-tissue masses on, 493 tracts, 86 Optical centres, primary subcortical, 86 Optics, general principles of, 88 Ora serfata retina', 23, 71, 79 Orbicularis palpebrarum muscle, 44 diseases of, 192 examination of, 113 paralj'sis of, 193 reaction, 124 Orbit, 618 abscess of, 624 actinomycosis of, 640 anatomy of, 29 angioma of, 632 anomalies of, 618 auscultation in examination of, 115 carcinoma of, d'AS caries of, 621 celluHtis of, 622 Orbit, chloroma of, 634 contents of, 31 cylindroma of, 637 cysts of, 638 cysticercus, 639 dermoid, 638 echinococcus, 639 hydatid, 639 implantation, 639 inclusion, 638 parasitic, 639 serous, 639 teratoid, 636 development of, 29 diseases of, 619 electricity in treatment of telangiec- tatic growths of, 632 emphysema of, 185 endothelioma of, 637 examination of, 115 exenteration of, 863 fibrochondroma of, 633 fibroma of, 632 filarial in, 640 fluoroscopy in examination of, 115 foreign bodies in, 628 removal of, 873 treatment of, 628 fracture of walls of, 626 symptoms of, 627 treatment of, 628 gliosarcoma of, 637 hemangioma of, 632 hemorrhage into, 626 hyperostosis of, 622 influence of shape of, in refraction, 647 injuries of, 626 lipoma of, 633 lymphangioma of, 632 Ij'mphoma of, 633 necrosis of, 621 neuroma of, 634 operations on, 863 osteoma of, 635 palpation in examination of, 115 periostitis of, 619 treatment of, 621 phlegmon of, 622 radiograi^hy in examination of, 115 rhabdomj-oma of, 634 sarcoma of, 636 symptoms of, 637 I treatment of, 637 telangiectatic growths of, 632 I tumors of, 630 removal of, 864 woinids of, 628 Orbital fat, hernia of, 640 ' septum, 46 Orthophoria, 710 Orthoptic exercises, 751 Ossification of lens, 595 of sclera, 316 of viterous, 606 Osteochondroma of huluvnial gland, 199 938 INDEX Osteoma of conjunctiva, 259 of eyelids, 180 of orbit, 635 Ox ej-e, 419 Ozena bacillus, 250 Pain reaction of pupil, 123 Pannus, 2SS I'anophthalmitis, 36S treatment of, 369 Papilla, 49, 52, 81 calcareous deposits on, 524 colloid excrescences on, 524 connective-tissue masses on, 493 hyaline bodies in, 525 Papilla\ lachrvmal, 52 Papillitis, 497"^ causes of, 499 color of disk in, 498 elevation of disk in, 499 excessive, 503 prognosis of, 510 treatment of, 510 Papilloma of conjunctiva, 259 of cornea, 309 of eyelids, 179 of iris, 343 Paracentesis, 816 needle, 816 of posterior chamber, 828 Paraffin injections, amblyopia following, 534 Parallax test for imbalance, 727 Parah'sis of accommodation, 679 asthenic, eye symptoms of, 760 bulbar, e3'e symptoms accompany- ing, 760 conjugate, 754 of indi\'idual muscles, 735 of levator palpebne superioris, 194 of muscles, diagnosis of, 738 etiology of, 736 following contused wounds of globe, 613 innervational, 737 insertional, 737 prognosis of, 741 special types of, 741 structural, 736 symptoms of, 738 treatment of, 742 varieties of, 736 oculomotor, 736 of orbicularis palpebrarum, 193 of sphincter pupilla?, 346 trochlear, 736 Parasites in crystalline lens, 595 intestinal, eye affections due to, 773 Parasitic cysts of orbit, 639 Paresis of abducens, hysterical, 568 Pars ciliaris retime, 24, 62 iridis retinte, 24 non-plicata, 61 Pars pUcata, 62 uvealis cornea", 26 Parturition, eye affections due to, 767 Pediculosis of eyebrows, 187 Pemphigus, 223 Penicillium, 201 Perimeter, 723 Forster's, 139 McHardy's, 13S Meyrowitz's registering, 137 Priestley Smith's, 138 Purkinje's, 140 Schweiger's hand, 138 Perimeters, 137 Perimetry, 137 Perineuritis, 513 Periostitis of orbit, 6T9 due to pyogenic bacteria, 619 syphihtic, 620 tubercular, 620 papillitis as result of, 502 retrol)ulbar neuritis as result of, 502 Periscopic lenses, 94, 705 Perithelioma of ciliarj' body, 357 i of cornea, 309 of retina, 477 Perivasculitis retina-, 439 Pernicious anemia, retinitis of, 437 Perversion of color sense, h3^sterical, 569 Phlegmon of eyeUds, 160 I of lachrymal sac, 203 I of orbit,' 622 Phlyctena pallida, 214 Phorometer, Stevens', 728 Phosphorus, amblyopia due to, 559 Photometer, Forster's, 149 Phthiriasis, 169 Pigment of retina, 425 absence of, 424 changes marked by a disturb- ance of, 473 spots, Fuchs', 653 Pigmentation of chorioid, 359 of eyelid in exophthalmic goitre, 770 of optic disk, 493 of sclera, congenital, 312 Pigmented patches of conjunctiva, 212 Pilocarpine, 125 in glaucoma, 412 Pinguecula, 256 Pink eye, 225 Placido, disk of, 116 Plague, eye affections due to, 766 Plano-concave lenses, 94 Plano-convex lenses, 94 Plexus annularis, 56 marginal, 49 Plica semilunaris, 49 Plugging of central artery of retina, 430 Pneumobacillus conjunctivitis, 250 Pneumococcus conjunctivitis, 227 lanceolatus, 269 ulcer of cornea, 269 Pneumonia, eye affections due to, 766 Point of fixation, 664 of reversal, 107 INDEX 939 Point of reversal, skiascopy in determin- ing, 687 Points, corresponding, 713, 715 Poisons producing amaurosis and ambly- opia, 544 Polariscope, 153 Polycoria, 321 Polyopia due to errors of refraction, 600 Polypi of conjunctiva, 258 Polypoid growths of cornea, 309 Polypus of lachrj^mal sac, 209 Posterior chamber, 33 Pregnancy, albuminuric retinitis in, 450 eye affections due to, 767 Preiss' stain, 912 Presbyopia, 101, 678 correction of, 101 Prisms, 89 application of, 702 batteries, 731 in bifocal lenses, 708 convergence, 730 for constant use in squint, 753 for correction of esophoria, 703 of exophoria, 703 of heterophoria, 703 of hj'perphoria, 703 dioptre, 91 diplopia produced by a, 716 divergence, 730 double, 731 numeration of, 99 optical, 89 Probes, lachrymal, 207 Processes, ciliary, 62 Projection, law of, 713 Prolapse of iris, 345 Prominence of eyeball, 113 Protective appliances after operation, 777 Psammoma of optic nerve, 522 Pseudoglioma of retina, 481 Pseudo-hyaloid artery, 597 Pseudoisochromatic powders, Mauthner's, 152 tests, 152 Pseudoleukemia of conjunctiva, 251 Pseudotuberculosis of conjunctiva, 253 Pterygium, 257 operation for, 806 strangulation of, 807 transplantation of, 806 Ptomaine-poisoning, amblyopia due to, 560 Ptosis, acquired, 187 congenital, 157 hysterical, 568 in neurasthenic asthenopia, 563 operations for, 781 Puerperium, eye affections due to, 767 Puncta lachrymalia, 52 anomalies of, 195 obliteration of, 808 Pupil, 33 Argyll-Robertson, 122, 348 condition of, in blindness, 347 examination of, 120 Pupil in hemianopsia, 543 irregularity in size of, 345 measurement of, 120 multiple, 321 pain reaction of, 123 reaction of, to remedies, 125 in tabes dorsalis, Argyll-Robertson, 348 condition of, 348 tramnatic paralysis of, 346 ^Pupillary membrane, persistent, 322 remnants of, 323 reaction, 122, 348 I reflex arc, 86 zone, 58 Pupillometer, 120 Purpura lui'morrhagica, 439 eye affections due to, 767 Pustule, mahgnant, of eyeUd, 159 Pyemia, eye affections due to, 765 Pyorrhea of Meibomian glands, 172 Q Qt'inine amblyopia, 555 Radiography in examination of eye, 115 Radium, 905 effect of, on retina, 477 Reaction, pupillary, 122, 348 Recti muscles, 36, 37 insufficiency of, 710 Reflex arc, pupillary, 86 attention, 124 consensual, 121 cortex, 125 direct, 121 foveal, 136 indirect, 121 red, 106 sensory, 123 Reflexes, light, 120 Refraction, 646 aberration in, 699 angle of, 89 asymmetrical, 102 axial peculiarities in, 646 congenital influences in, 647 correction of, in hetcrophori;! and squint, 750 errors of, 100, 646 chart for recording, 6S3 method of determining, (581 sul)jective examinatinM in de- termining, 691 exlernal conditions in, 646 formation of images by, 94 images in lens, 9() influence of heredity on, 646 of shape nf oibit on, 617 law of, 89 940 INDEX Refraction, methods of determining, 701 movements of eyeball, anatomical conditions present in, 757 of congenital origin, 756 pol3-opia due to errors of, 660 JScheiner's experiment to determine, 701 Regeneration of corneal tissue, 262 of lens, 595 Resection of cervical sympathetic in treatment of glaucoma, 418 • Retina, 423 absence of pigment in, 424 anatomy of, 71 anemia of, 429 anesthesia of, traumatic, 474 aneurism of central artery of, 522 angeioid streaks in, 454 angioma of, 477 anomalies of, 424 atrophy of, gjTate, 464 changes marked bj' a disturbance of the pigment of, 473 of nature of an arteriocapillary fibrosis in, 474 detachment of, 482 in mj'opia, 652 symptoms of, 483 in syphilitic chorioretinitis, 362 treatment of, 486 development of, 24 dilatation of veins of, 429 diseases of, 426 edema of, 471, 474 effect of colored lights on, 424 of electric light on, 476 of radium on, 477 of Rontgen rays on, 476 of sunlight on, 475 of ultra-violet or chemical ravs on, 477 of uveitis on, 386 examination of, 133 foreign body in, 881 function of, 423 in glaucoma, 410 glioma of, 477 treatment of, 481 hyperemia of, 426 immediate determining causes of detachment of, 483 injuries of, 474 ischemia of, 429 laceration of, 475 melanoma of, 477 in myopia, 651 neuro-epithelioma of, 477 opaque nerve fibers in, 425 overdistention of, 483 perithelioma of, 477 physicochemical changes in, 423 plastic exudation of, 472 plugging of central arter}' of, 430 pseudoghoma of, 481 rupture of, 475 serous exudation of, 471 Retina, tuberculosis of, 477 tumors of, 477 vascular anomalies of, 425 venous stasis of, 527 Retinal apoplexy, 442 asthenopia, 566 bloodvessels, aneurism of, 439 arteriosclerosis of, 440 atrophy of, 442 hemorrhage from, 475 hemorrhage, cause of secondary glaucoma, 421 perivasculitis, 439 pigmentation, 426 supertraction in myopia, 651 Retinitis, albuminuric, 443 complications of, 451 diagnosis of, 449 in pregnancy, 450 atj'pical forms of, 460 centralis punctata diabetica, 452 circinata, 455 circumscribed, 467 diabetic, 451 hemorrhagic, 452 punctate, 452 embohc metastatic, 470 gout}^, 471 hemorrhagic, 442 hyperplastic, 458 leukocythemic, 435 macular, 471 of pernicious anemia, 437 pigmentosa, 460 cataract as an