None
the ground-water divide lies considerably north of the surface divide between the catchment basins, so that the effective catchment tributary to the Connetquot. streams is thereby increased. Lake Ronkonkoma has a surface area of about 0.5 square mile, and receives the surface run-off from a total area of 8 square miles. This remarkable depression extends somewhat below sea level and represents virtually a natural well. The range of surface fluctuations of this lake has not been reliably determined. Lake Ronkonkoma lies in a catchment basin topographically tributary to Nissequogue River, a northward-flowing stream haying a surface drainage basin. of 44 square miles. This is the largest basin on the north slope of Long Island. The surface stream extends inland nearly to the watershed line. A brief reconnaissance of streams east of the Connetquot area was made April 23, 1903. Edwards and Tuttle creeks have surface drainage basins of 6.7 and 9 square miles, respectively, and are utilized at private ponds. Patchogue Creek, in addition to supplying private ponds, is utilized to furnish water power at the lace factory of the Patchogue Manufacturing Company, under a head of 14 feet. This stream drains a surface area of 14 square miles. Swan River at East Patchogue affords a fall of about 12 feet at tide water, with good pondage. This stream drains a surface area of 7.8 square miles. The visible stream extends inland 4.5 miles. Its catchment area is narrow and elongated, extending 7 miles inland. 380 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. The South Shore highway dike is utilized as a dam on Mud Creek, affording a pond of perhaps 10 acres area, and about 6 feet fall, where a drag sawmill, with a breast water wheel, was formerly operated. The estimated ‘ipdnowee of Mud Creek, April 23, 1903, was 6.7 second-feet, from a surface drainage area of 5 square miles. — CARMANS RIVER, OR CONNECTICUT RIVER OF LONG ISLAND. The drainage area of this stream is an irregular triangle, having its apex at the mouth of the stream, and its base, which is about 10 miles in length, extending parallel to the north shore of Long Island, at an average distance of 1.5 miles there- from, and at elevation 150 to 200 feet. The surface of the drainage basin slopes © from elevation 150 near the northern divide to tide-water elevation at the mouth, in a distance of 12 to 13 miles. The surface stream extends inland only 10 miles. There are no perennial streams in the upper catchment area, although the topo- graphic stream valley is defined nearly to the northern divide of the basin. The northwestern portion of the drainage basin lies in the Saint James plateau, north of the group of sand hills which le near the center of the island at Selden, and reaches westward nearly to Lake Ronkonkoma. The general topography is moderately rolling. A few areas depressions of one-fourth square mile area or less are found near the northern divide, and the upper 2.5 miles of the course of a dry tributary valley on the left of the main stream have been cut off and form a depression. The catchment area is overlain by sand and gravel, and is larval? covered with scrub oaks and conifers. From South Haven to the mouth of the stream, a distance of 3 miles, the chan- nel is bordered by marsh and the current is sluggish. Tidal influence extends to South Haven. A temporary gaging station was established at South Haven May 8, 1903, but was discontinued July 16, 1903, before an opportunity had been found to determine the range and cycle of daily tides at this pot. The gage readings are not at present available. Discharge measurements were made as follows: Discharge of Carmans River, Long Island, for 1903. Date. Hydrographer. Gage height. | Discharge. | | | Feet. | Second-feet. - : | IN oy PRYOR en eee seeogeen esc: 2252 ac bnsmeoaoeS = | Sat ee ee 74 Mays8 oc 2.543. | BP: Roundey Sees... 74. [Peau 88 ae eerarOS ae July 8.....--.-| A. P. Porter. -------2---- 222-2 ---- eas 87.5 | a reed i floats. Gristmill n not running. b Ebbing tide. An earthen dike at South Haven affords a fall of 6 feet and a storage pond that is utilized by a gristmill and a sawmill. An earthen dam at Yaphank affords extensive pondage. A custom saw and grist mill operate under a head of 10 feet. PECONIC RIVER. 38] One mile above Yaphank is a third dam, about 6 feet high, which has been abandoned. The course of the stream intermediate to the dams is through a swamp channel. The major portion of the fall is utilized at existing dams. The drainage basin is shown on the Moriches and Setauket sheets of the United States Geological Survey’s topographic map. Drainage areas of Carmans River, Long Island. Location. ae | Total. Sq. miles, | Sq. miles. Above Wpper brid ces ndap hanlcae! sss ee eee ee sale 69 69 Waphank to) Souphplanyembise y= ee eee ee sine ae 10 79 South» El aiveny tommouthnc ener oe hae. ee ae er teys a eer 3.6 83 a Tidal section. PECONIC RIVER. This stream has the most extended surface-drainage basin on Long Island. Its drainage comprises an irregular rectangular area, of which the northern divide is within one-half mile to 14 miles of Long Island Sound and at an altitude of 150 to 200 feet above tide. The general slope of the basin is toward the south- east. The surface divide on the west is not sharply defined, but is at an average elevation of 120 feet above tide. The southern watershed is about 5 miles from the seacoast. The drainage area above Calverton is in general flat and contains about 25 undrained depressions, chiefly of but a few acres area. Deep Pond, at an eleva- tion of 23 feet, lies in the largest depression and receives the drainage from an area of 0.35 square mile. Below Calverton the drainage on the north is comparatively flat and is besprinkled with undrained hollows. Farther south the topography of the drainage basin is intricate and precipi- tous, the river valley being at an average elevation of 20 feet, and the southern divide, 2.5 miles distant, at elevations of 200 to 300 feet. Small undrained depressions are very numerous on this slope and receive a large proportion of the precipitation. The drainage basin is shown on the Moriches and Riverhead sheets of the United States Geological Survey’s topographic map, from which the following areas have been deduced: Drainage areas of Peconic River, Long Island. Place to Loeation. | place. Total. Sq. miles. ee miles. Above Long Island R. R. bridge, near Calverton... -_----.-- 59 59 eAibovie vivernea diary seve. s ce, 2 ine eter a nae seemene ee eee 25 84 | 382 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. Peconic River is tributary to Peconic Bay, which bifurcates the eastern eud of Long Island. The surface stream is formed by the junction of two short branches 9 miles from Riverhead. At this point the stream is 40 feet above tide. Almost the entire fall from its source is taken up at flood dams for cranberry marshes and at water-power dams. Water power on Peconic River. Riverhead: Earth dike of usual Long Island type. Five to 7 feet head, varying with tide. Good pondage. Water privilege divided between the Tower mill and the Peconic gristmill. : Electric-light plant: One and one-half miles above Riverhead. Earth dike. Extensive pondage. Formerly a woolen mill, stated to have 95 horsepower, 6.5 feet head. : Dam No. 3: Forge and gristmill. Unused for many years. Earth dike; 5.5 feet fall. Calverton: E. L. Brown gristmill. Five feet fall. Also unused drag sawmill. Antiquated “tub and flutter’ water wheels. _A brief reconnaissance of this stream was made April 24, 1903. Slack water exists throughout almost the entire course of the stream, affording no opportunity for the erection of a weir. Sufficient fall exists at the Long Island Railroad bridge near Calverton to afford an opportunity for gaging. The discharge at this point was roughly estimated at 45 second-feet April 24, 1903, and as measured by E. P. Roundey May 11,1903, was 48 second-feet; gage height, 1.3 feet. April 24, 1903, the discharge at Manorville highway bridge, estimated from surface floats, was 33 second-feet. April 24, 1903, the discharge estimated from float measurements at the junction of the north and south branches 1.5 miles above Manorville was 22.5 second-feet. The stream flows in a flat valley of the usual Long Island type. The channel is bordered by marshes, forming a flat having an average width of perhaps 1,000 feet. This marshy flat is subdivided transversely by low dikes having gates utilized in flooding the inclosed cranberry marshes. The soil is gravel, with sand at the surface and forming the hills. Much of the area is covered with scrub oak. The drainage basin extends 4 miles westward from the visible heads of the two main branches, including an area of 25 square miles in which there are no visible streams. A well-marked dry stream valley reaches, however, from the junction of the branches to the westerly watershed line. The drainage south of Peconic River basin comprises numerous small water courses in marshy valleys, the surface streams heading at but little distance above the limit of tide water. The two eastern prongs of Long Island are comprised chiefly of absorbent sandy soils, affording very little surface run-off, and consequently having scarcely any surface streams. HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS IN 1903. 383 Mean daily gage height, in feet, of Peconic River, at Calverton, Long Island, for 1903. Day. | May. | June. | July. Day. May. | June. | July. |, Day. May. | June. | July. Te be eee eet TEatOs pu moO Nake 6 lee 1.22) 1.42 igi! Oe ag eee Weise neriesuwe|. ee ceee Dh. | eee A SO a ON mUIoM WDSc. Deete25yale50 iyl59| bos eee 1 20 eter | oes ee i Ma rel eee ffeil) algal | net eee eee ge fe RIRSONVRIEAD, SHOE Sy Nik. Ye Jes eee 1h20))) 128 oo. es 1 ie ae ee ace ene 120) aU OH pS essa se=2 [peel isl S5yerll fe Te 15 ult 25 oe Sees 208 elo 25 9 | eee Beer ct ell, aden. 20 teeter |G sen... cede. TO I) RESTO || > SSSR Ae a eae TAD) Gg Gee chy Al reas Tenis. || sess | are ee (ROO) | eene3O Me |e nee Pet oe nt 12011 1 ee eee a 5 she See eee 5 1,15 TSS hs © eee eee 1.20 I SOnes Se see ser |} Bcc seocassesss 1.20 ted lays il te See meat Cae ee heats Toei | Wet@ I @. peace esas | GO| ew ee ODL GSNeimuneeR hg, alee artes IL Soke Geen ee es 1404) Gal, 1011208... 22-2: | Sod eae eS ie) ie Sei TIGA lupo ie es (0 = oe ea leaps a 40) | PRION DT <5 ee ROOM erica Ieee Sicko tre cce eel Saas oe a Ne aoeee ili eet sae | oe cee) 0 | | | : HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS ON LONG ISLAND DURING 14993. At the time the stream gaging was undertaken by the United States Geological Survey in April, 1903, the ground-water level was very high, as a result of heavy precipitation during the first sixteen days of April. Beginning on April 17 a period of fifty-one days ensued with no precipitation of consequence. During this period the ground-water level in wells. on Long Island fell steadily. The average lowering of ground water in a number of wells was as follows: Depletion of ground Minimum depth to ground water. Re Coes to June, 1903. } Feet 0 to 5 feet... - oP eee eae ites oe mae 2.17 WOM) WC 3 eae ee ee 1.62 WO Ao) WBC, a See ee ee eee eee 1. 42 TEED). (50) PAU) ANGEL sco Se ee eS eee 1.35 20stop2onlicetene san oS coe sete eee 92 Over BID WO2bs .soeces2s252s 52525555264] 22) 10). 3 Data concerning the ground-water stages during this drought, in conjunction with the contemporary gagings, afford an opportunity to study the regimen of the streams in relation to ground water. The rainfall was so slight that little or no accretion to the ground-water supply occurred from this source. The condition of the soil above the ground-water table appears to have been that of continually decreasing saturation. June 7 to 15, 1903, abnormally heavy rainfall occurred and was followed by considerable amounts of precipitation at frequent but irregular intervals to the end of the season, a condition tending to produce strata of differing saturation in the soil above the ground-water table, a disturbing factor in any attempted solution of the relations of rainfall, ground water, and run-off. 384 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. In order to facilitate comparison of the earlier gagings with the later data, the mean annual precipitation on Long Island and its departure from the normal has been presented in the following table, as given in the records compiled by the New York Water Supply Commission in 1903: Precipitation on Long Island, 1903, at United States’ Weather Bureau stations. Date. | Cutchogue. | Setauket. Soa ED | | - Inches. Inches. | Inches. March precipitation. | es | 1. 26 1.05 | 1.20 - AprilGl 1G sinclisiyess ==) === === === 4.26 3. 61 | 4.19 | Ape 5. re Tr. Tralee ee | May 32222222422 2 ee ere ey ea TEES ciRe ees eee May 4 Z ‘Ante -08 | ol | Mey 5.222225 ude ces. 2a ee Th. . 07 | 01. May 62.0 32. ok Ae 4 09 1 Eh at nese eee ae pete 22 ee oes 52 oe lat eee . 02 | .06 | May Sic: si: 2.00 Aes f4e 105 le ee ei asia | May 20 eso sak Soa ee hae te eo | oh ce May 21.00... ee | 25 |. i ee May 22.2... cue re 15 | dg earasalp Moy 28 22! 2 ee Seema ks | 03 May 24.0. Jos 78 Soe 2, ae ere, 8 .O1 ‘Nes bree Mary 28... 205 242 Ree eee ere tess .19 |. ras May 30:....2..01) oe (48: | ee SS May: 30. 32sec .aho Se ee eis ee alee cee pine Total, April 17 to June 6, inclusive - 94 | . 50 1. 26 dune 725, 1nclusivess)-95-) eee D5 7 6. 49 4.47 June )29:5... 2.2.2 aS ee eee =O 1.35 . 20 July. so ee ee ee 1.89 2. 26 1. 66 August®2652t42: 21) 2 See Ue 1h 6. 28 7.37 September. © 20 hss5. Se eee 1.25 | 2.61 1. 24 October). .0432 50a). SU oe eee 4.53 | 3. 66 3.42 HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS IN 1903. 385 Mean annual precipitation on Long Island.@ De- Agere- De- Agere-_ | Des | Agere- = Precipi- Gare Balle Precipi- pane GEM > Precipi- rare | gate Year. tation.| from | “e Year. tation.| from | 9% | Year. tation. from | 4 nor- ae nor- sees | nor- tae mal. : mal a mal. ir seas Boba Ess | pak 2 Inches.| Inches. | Inches. Inches.| Inches. Inches. Inches.| Inches. | Inches. (WS26R sce cecee- 3 54.31 |4+11.75 |+11.75 || 1852.....-.-.-- 36.91 |— 5.65 |—75.09 || 1878....-.....- 46.91 ae 3.35 | —69.19 ISU IP Senos Aste 50.79) |4- 8-28) |--19.48) | 18538... -.--_.-- AB OBy If 5 532) GO Vii | Sao eee ae | 40.07 |\— 2.49 | —71.68 IPAS ae emer 43.95 |4+ 1.39 |+21.37 || 1854.........-- 47.23 |4+ 4.67 |—65. 10 | ISSO a a aeseen | 39.19 l= snot |) o.04 IEPA eres eieae 45.07 |+ 2.51 |+23.88 || 1855.......---- 43.03 |+ .47 |—64.63 ASSIs < tee le | 35. 53 == 7.03 | —82.08 [S30 Re seen eeis 45.41 |4+ 2.85 |+26.78 || 1856......--.-- Seon = CSI) EGS Gey Ill TER. ace ee 39.40 |— 3.16 | —85. 24 LCE ae esate 39.16 |— 3.40 |+ 23.33 |} 1857.....-.---- 41.39 |— 1.17 |—70.10 S88 oe edsehe 5% 36.95 |— 5.61 —90. 85 ACEP ate eee See 40.37 |— 2.19 |+-21.14 |) 1858... ......-- SELEY N= Bei) Sze Be) ji) Wee ee | 46.81 \-+ 4.25 | —86.60 USB es ae oe 38.45 |— 4.11 |--17.03 || 1859... .-..---- 58.29 |+15.73 |—57.56 | S85 sess set 39.09 = 3.47 | —90.07 Bye Sgemene sae Bee 8). 3y) SEI: Zl |I| TER | 30.43 |4+12.13 |—69.69 || 1886........__. | 48.64 + 6.08 | —83.99 SSO Rees sem 2 80887 ||—122 19 tebe S6La.. 2... - 39. 27 ke 3.29 |—72.98 | 1887 47.07 |+ 4.51 | —79.48 ISSGneee ssc os ieee = G68) |= Gs! Il IGS a sosee eae 43.35 |+ 50. 48 bee 7.92 | —71.56 ASS apes aes 35.29 |= 7.27% }—11..08) |) U863----..--..- 41.18 |— 1. 55.66 |+13.10 | —58.46 ich aeaaeconenes 34.19 |— 8.37 \—19. 45 MSGS AA. ase 3 38.10 ;— 4.4 52.19 '+ 9.63 | —48.83 S39 ae ye erat 38.90 |— 3.66 |—23.11 }| 1865.---.-._--- 43.49 |+. 45.61 )+ 3.05 | —45.78 SAO MEER AL teins 3734 | 5522) | 28s33nlIk6Ge- =o. 5. - 45.79 |+ 3. 40,32 |— 2.24 | —48. 02 bot NR eae ers ALE (YT A PY BE Oy Il TEI so seenee 45.80 |+ 3. 46.81 + 4.25 | —43.77 1 te a aaa 39.47 |— 3.09 |—29.04 || 1868........--- 45.01 |4+ 2. 44, 30 if 1.74 | —42.03 SABE see canes 36.69 |— 5.87 |—34.91 || 1869.......-.-- 45.67 |+ 3. == ‘0 AD h ate o GENERAL INDEX. [An index of wells by names of owners is given on pp. 391-394.] Page. Agawam pumping station, underflow at, diagrams nlhdstratin o's eee seeeeeeemer ay. ee seen 99-100 Amityville Waterworks Co., system of, data concern- Inet «0 eae see sees 82-83, 150-151, 287 water system of, map showing...-.-.- Pl. xix, in pocket. Ammeter. See Meter, recording. ; Analyses of well waters.....--.-.------------- 68-69, 169-170, 183, 185, 190-193, 199, 202-203, 206-207, 211, 213- 214, 226, 228, 231-233, 244, 247-248, 267, 271, 282- 284, 288-291, 293, 298, 301, 303, 305, 333, 335, 337 Assistance, acknowledgments to those rendering. ... 116-117 Babylon Sumpwams Water Co., water system of, data Concenmingaese- eee eee 82-83, 154-155, 303-304 water system of, map showing ..---.- Pl. xix, in pocket. (Eup Nolr, Ciba Hoy (OS 6 os ooo ase escoos eccmecasesossor Ghee hoo [Pak Males Scie aon acino od aseecaeeeqasoseeS Barometic changes, effect of, on ground water. ...---.- effect of,on ground water, diagram showing Basement rocks, occurrence and character of.......-.- SUNT Ce OLE Se eee ate racic eee Bayshore, water system of, map showing. Pl. xix, in pocket. Bayside, water system of, data concerning --.....-..-- 80-81 water system of, map showing.-....- Pl. xix, in pocket. Bayside pumping station, borings at, location of, map SHOWMAN BE ees eee oe sean ome sane Bed rock, character and occurrence of position of, map showing Sechionsisho win ese. se sea Meee eee ce aon ae Belleview road stations, underflow at, figures show- DING sree er le ERS Ae a ey een Pe 106, 107, 108 Berry, E. W., on Matawan formation.........-...-..- 24,25 Bibliography of Long Island.....--:..--.-.--.--.-.--- 16 Blythbourne Water Co., water system of, data con- Cerming et. ee ec seer scence 80-81, 118-119, 168 water system of, map showing..-..... Pl. xix, in pocket. Bowery Bay Building and Improvement Co., system of, data concerning ............ 82-83, 130-131, 197 water system of, map showing. --...-.. Pl. xix, in pocket. Bowman, Isaiah, Veatch, A. C., and, well records by. 126-337 iBnoOken Grounds) wewi Olec- eae eeeeeemeeeeecee sess e 38 Brooklyn, sewer tunnel in south, plan and sections of.. 168 Brooklyn Borough, water supply of-.........- 71-81 363-364 water supply of, map showing systems of......._. Pl. xix, in pocket. Brooklyn Department of Water Supply, data con- COMMIT ES Se Sih SE aROM mene tee een meee LEN At 74-79 DUMpINe TS tatloUsiOf eee eseeeeee eee ee ee eee seen ee 74-79 map showing systems of......._. storage reservoirs of 74-79 Map) SHOWIMEssseeeeee eee eee eee Pl. xix, in pocket. water levelin watershed of........................ 73 effect of pumping on 73 digeramishowine a seeeee reenact eee 72 wells) Ofsimvlexito:s.as cee secre soe se eee OO Browns Point, section at, diagram showing........._- 49 Burgess well, Oyster Bay, view of...............-.--.. 64 Carlls River, data concerning........-.....----....-. 373-374 Carmans River, data concerning....................- 380-381 Cedar Brook station, underflow at, figure showing.... 103 Center Island, section at, diagram showing........-.. 38 Cherry Hill Point, section near, diagram showing. .... 37 Page. Citizens Water Supply Co., water system of, data con- cerning .. 80-81, 82-83, 128-129, 132-133, 194,195, 214 water system of, map showing....-.- Pl. xix, in pocket. well of, effect of tides on, figure showing.-.....-.-- 71 Clark, W. B., on New Jersey geology -.-.-------.------- 21, 23 Coastal plain, drainage of, development of, diagram SHOWIN ge ts eee era ate Hea eee eae 32 Cold Spring Harbor, well at, view of ..............--. 64 College Point, water system of, data concerning...--. 78-79 water system of, map showing...-..-. Pl. xix, in pocket. Commuttatoriclock, views!Of --2222/2.- 2222. -----2-~--- 92,98 Connecticut, well water from, analyses of....-....-.-- 68-69 Connecticut River of Long Island. See Carmans River. Connetquot Brook, data concerning.-.....-.--...---- 378-379 Cook, G. H., on New Jersey geology....--.-.---.------ 21 Creedmoor, moraine near, view of...........-...--.--- 44 Cretaceous rocks of Long Island, artesian area of, map SNOWING = oem eek coe Oe cer sca Cte reas aeee 68 chardcterton: A555 62.35 See a ee ae ees Sete 18 comparison of New Jersey Cretaceous and........- 21-25 diStriputiomions ews se8 oe cee ek See eee ake 19-20 Maps SOWIE. ...2 es o8l Sle see ee ece see ce ees 18, 20, 68 position of, diagrams showing.-..........-..------- 34-39 relationsiole sess sense. Sete aes a RE ee 21-25 CLAN SMO WAN Pe etcts sree ae ls ee eee = 18 SLRUCEUTE Ole ec aaeenae see eee on seals See eee 18-19 maps showing. .....----.---- 18, 19, 68 Summary Oss. os oee- 26 view of, at Melville 22 Waiter: supply Imes.2 sete. fone ete ee cas ssecee 55-56, 65-67 WELISi TOR meee eee eee ett c tore ah ee eee 65-67 Cretaceous rocks of New Jersey, comparison of Long Island Cretaceous and......-.-.--.------.- 21-23 Map SHOW Neer ce = se cect Meese cee eee ee ee 18 SECHLOMEO Peters een eee ee ee ee Seen. eee eee 22 Gretaceousisamd, «view Ole ase cr on eee seen eee eee ee 22 Crosby, W. O., sizing and filtration tests by.....-..- 338-360 Cuesta; definitionioler. = ea-ne-eee once cee ere ee ane ne 30 diagram Showimes <2. -sseese a-eee oe ee ae eae ae sae 29 Cutting Creek, weir on, view of...--....---.-.--------- 378 Dams, effect of, on ground water.....-...-........- 62, 73-74 Seepagedrome ses! sous scmeee at cecee see tee eee oe 106-110 Darton, N. H., on deflection of rivers in Hightstown NET Gites esas sot & Bat ote Eat A, eco ae RRC < Davis, W. M., on escarpment and cuesta 2 Douglaston, well at, effect of tide on...-......-.-.--..- well at, effect of tide on, diagram showing...._..-- rol VICWHOL sie se ce rien oo eee eae cee eg es RE 66 Doxsee Creek, data concerning. ....-...--.------.--. 376-377 Drainage of North Atlantic coastal plain, develop- TOM b Oe se eect sees see ees nee ee 31-32 diagramishowing}s- cece = ce rces sense sees a eee 32 Drillersvotwellswlistofmeceees: sock eee ee ee eeenee 116-117 Dunton}welloat, diastam! ofa 2.-2-52-2.425--2 2 sere 213 East Meadow Brook, data concerning ..--.-..-..... 368-369 underflow at, figure showing......-..-.--.--.----- 101 East Meadow Pond, seepage from.-.-........-.-.-..-- 107-108 Easthampton Water Co., system of, data concerning.. HKlectrolyte, spreading of, figures showing............. 93,94 388 Page England, wolds and vales in, diagram showing. ..---- 28 Eocene erosion, occurrence of............-------.------ 27 Brasmus-Hallovaintall at. . 226s emeceesr sneer pemewe n= 365 Escarpment, definition of2—<-.-2e.-e ences. seee-eeieee 29 varied meanings of, diagram showing......-.----- 29 Farmingdale, water system of, map showing Pl. xix, in pocket. Filtration tests of different sands, results of -......- 354-360 Flatbush Waterworks Co., system of, data concern- IDG. eee Bassi SEAS LR aceedetncaee ee 80-81, 118-119 water system of, map showing.....-- Pl. xix, in pocket. Fleischman Manufacturing Co., wells of, location of, Isp SHOWIN cs cok eee a So 180 Flushing, water system of, data concerning...--.-.--.- 80-81 water system of, map showing. ---..- Pl. xix, in pocket. Folding, occurrence and cause of.......-----.--------- 37-40 Fordham gneiss, occurrence and character of.....-. -- 16 Freeport, underflow measurements near.-...-.-..------ 86 water system of, map showing .-.-..-- Pl. xix, in pocket. waterworks of, data concerning....-..---- 82-83, 142-143 Garden City Water Supply Co., system of, data con- COMMING aoc v-ntece Sees oe 82-83, 142-143, 254 -Gardiner erosion, occurrence and character of.....-...- 40 Gardinersisiand erosion on. 4.0 ose. eee see 40 sections of, diagrams showing... ...---.------------ 37,39 zay Head, folding at, character and cause of.....-.--- 37-40 section at, diagram showing....-.-....2-.----.---- 39 Geologic history of Long Island..-......--.-.----.---- 48-50 Geology, outlines tofs .-%.. eer re ase eee eee 15-52 German-American Improvement Co., waterworks of, Gata) Concemmingessaee ee. eee 80-81, 126-127, 189 Glaciation on Long Island, conditions of. -..-.-.- 33-48, 50-52 Glen Cove, water systems of, map showing.....--.--- Pl. xix, in pocket. Grand avenue and Newbridge Brook station, under- flow at, diagram showing. -........-..--.-.- Great South Bay Water Co., water system of, data Concerning een. 2 see 82-85, 154-155, 160-161, 304 water system of, map showing......-- P). xix, in pocket. Greenport, water system of, data concerning. .......- 84-85, 166-167, 331-332 Pl. xix, in pocket. 105 water system of, map showing..-..-.. Ground-water table. See Water table. Harbor Hill glacier, moraine and outwash plain of, WIOWS) Ole Sees eat aso n 6 ee eeetoree 44 Harbor Hill stage, position of ice during, map showing. 44 Hempstead, watersystem of, data concerning. . 82-83, 142-143 water system of, map showing....--. Pl. xix, in pocket. Hempsteads Brooks flow iol: sass5- senses ese cee eee ames 58-59 flow of, increase of, map showing....----.--.--.----- 59 Hempstead reservoir, discharge of......-...----.----- 62 Hicksville, water system of, map showing. PI. xix, in pocket. Hightstown Vale, deflection of rivers in--.........--... 31-32 deflection of rivers in, figure showing 32 MAD SHO WANE wero eee eee eee 32 location and character of 30-31 SECTIONISHOWIN Ese cease ee etasel ae: See Eee 30 Hollick, A., on Long Island geology......--..---.----- 16, 48 Holliswood, water system of, data concerning.-.--..... 80-81 water system of, map showing...-..- Pl xix, in pocket. _Horton, R. E., on surface streams of Long Island... 361-385 Huntington, outwash plain near, view of........----.- 44 Huntington Water Works Co., water system of, data CONCEMDING 2 sos Ae ed 82-83, 154-155, 299-300 water system of, map showing....... Pl. xix, in pocket. Ice:sheet; folding due to. = 2: <5. -2s-2n26-22--Geeneec sue 39-40 Islip, gaging station at, view of.......-...--..-..----- 367 © PRSINES MEANS... cacee cee woes coe eee eee ese 376-377 GENERAL INDEX. Page. Islip, water system of, map showing....- Pl. xix, in pocket. Jamaica Water Supply Co., water system of, data con- CeIn. |. 5 2. See eee 80-81, 132-133, 210-211 water system of, map showing........ Pl. xix, in pocket. Jameco gravel, artesian area of, map showing.......--. 66 deposition and occurrence of.......-....- ---- 34:35, 55 position of, diagrams showing...-.....-- ...- 34-89, 56 Walensupply ans. 2. <2 oe se coe eee ee 55-56, 64-65 WOlISsLOes icin tao cial 2pni- ci ad ein = secs eeeioe ae .-.- 64-65 Jones well, Cold Spring Harbor, view of.........-..--- 64 Kingisisamd pit, view In. - . -ecatecesecnce saeco ae) Knapp, G. W., on Long Island Miocene..............- 25 Lafayette submergence, occurrence of...-.....-------- 28 Lakes, effect of, on ground water 106-110 occurrence and causes of..-.-- 61-63 Landslip phenomena, view of...........--.-..--------- 38 Lindenhurst, fire department wells of, data concern- IND Se hiiccisicie ered wert ace See MAR O ane See 154-155 fire department wells of, map showing. Pl. xix, in pocket. ; Lloyd sand, depth to, maps showing--......-...-...--- 18, 68 position and importance of........- Eras 19, 23, 26, 65-67 diagram showing: .-22)ssosee25seeee eee aaa ik 56 waiteniof, analysesiof: jae jassn wee eon see jee ee 68-60) water supply inis.. 4.42 — asi: sea sees eee eee OD On, WelIS'TO'd.'-'s.. b...' ce) tile: SA Gee eee eerie 65-66 Long Beach, well at, relation of tide and, figure show- ING. 225.22 esGke Meese oes eee eee Foes 70 Long Beach Association, waterworks of, data concern- 10S See eee eRe er oS a ein 82-83, 140-141, 248 Long Island City, water system of, data regarding... 78-79 My pIShO WINS. a... =e eee cae eee eee Pl. xix, in pocket. Long Island City pumping station No, 3, borings at, diagram showing.......-.......-- Se ee Mackay, C. H., waterworks: of, data concerning. ...... 82-83 water system of, map showing ....... Pl. xix,in pocket. McAlpine, W. T., stream measurements by-....-.....-- 365 McGee,W.J., on deflection of rivers in Hightstown Vale. 31-32 Manhasset, well at, figure showing..-...............-. 64 Manhasset bowlder bed, view of--...--....--.--.-.-.-- 40 Manhasset gravel. See Tisbury gravel. Manhanset House, water system of, data concerning. 84-85, 164-165, 331 water system of, map showing....-..- Pl. xix, in pocket. Manhattan Island, sections of, figure showing. .-.---. 17 Mannetto gravel, deposition and distribution of. 33-34 View Ol: «sco Ses aee eee ae eee ee hisks 22 Map showing Cretaceous artesian well area... .- wae 86 showing depth of Lloyd sand.....--......-......-.- 68 showing distribution of Cretaceous........--.. 18, 20, 68 showing distribution of Miocene..................- 27 showing distribution of water-power development. 60 showing deflection of stvreams_..........-.........- <i32 showing development of drainage on -~North Atlantic coastal plaine 322852 se- seen eer 32 showing increase of flow of Hempstead Brook....- 59 showing Jameco artesian-well area..---..-.-..--.- 46> showing location of borings for Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad...-- 182, 184, 186 showing location of underflow stations..........-. 87, 91,92, 99-103, 105-114 showing location of wells.......---.----- 180, 217 ,223, 281 Pl. xix, in pocket. showing north shore artesian-well area 66 showing position of bed rock....-..-.-....-- E 16 showing position of ground-water table Pl. xix, in pocket. _ showing relative position of ice at different stages. - 44 showing structure of Cretaceous beds............-- 18,19 GENERAL Page. Map showing waterworks systems of Long Island. ... Pl. xix, in pocket. Marl series of New Jersey, occurrence and character of - 22 Marthas Vineyard, section of, diagram showing. .---.- 39 Massapequa, underflow medsurements near. ----.-- 86, 95-96 Massapequa Creek, data concerning. .-..-...-..------ 371-373 Matawan formation, occurrence and character of --.-. 22 Mather, W. W., figure cited from...........-..-------- 39 | Melwille, IN: ¥.,; Section meanessseee= sehen ate 20 views of Cretaceous and Manetto deposits near- - - 22 Merrick pumping station, underflow at, figure showing. 102 Merrick Water Co., water system of, data concern- 82-83, 146-147, 273 water system of, map showing. -.-.-- Pl. xix, in pocket. Merrill, . J. H., on geology of Long Island 16 Meter, direct-reading, description and use of. .--..-..-.- 90-97 USE OLE Te SIL OWN Cee eee eee ete ste ayer fore Meter, self-recording, charts of, view of Clock for, views of..........-2.2. Res RMR eile WIEN OL-C Ree etic cic cack cok, ee eee Ore ce ae oe Meters, types of for underflow measurements. .-.....-- 90 Miocene rocks, distribution of..............-.....----- 27-28 distribution of, map showing-...-..-- 21 Miocene submergence, occurrence of 27-28 Montauk Water Co.,watersystem of, data concerning. 80-81, 132-133, 213-214 WelLOf Meune Of. 3... = <n. see eee eens a= = 213 water system of, map showing. ....-- Pl. xix, in pocket. Mountain Mist Springs, character of.........-...--..- 58 water table producing, figure showing........--.-- oF Nash, lL. S., stream measurements by.-..--.-.--------- 365 Nassau County Water Co., water system of, data con- cerning... .. 82-83, 144-145, 148-151, 262-276, 279-280 New Jersey, Cretaceous rocks of, position of, map SHOWING ooo io ceeet tase oe eeeeacas sees = 18 SCOLLONIS Gili .a tek BEES Soe on ene MEI Ae er se Act a = 22,30 locationvon, map |ishowineseesoeseeseeeessese 4] 30 Newbridge Brook, underflow at, figure illustrating. -..- 105 Newbridgé streams, data concerning.........-.-.--.-- 370 Newtown, watersystem of, map showing. - PI. xix, in pocket. New York City department of water supply, water SYSTCIS OF 70s ones See enemas ye eas 76-81 water system of, map showing......-- Pl. xix, in pocket. WEllSiOh INGOs: UOx 2 Sak aise eee ee ae ee 893 New York City commission on additional water sup- ply, acknowledgements to.....-........-- 87,116 maps and diagrams from......... 70, Pl. xix, in pocket. LOStwellsvol, MM ASxXktOe ses sete ae rae ere 391 North shore, artesian area of, map of valleys of, origin of wells on, views of Northport Water Works Co., water system of, data Concerning! 622 .7e- sees 82-83. 154-155, 300-301 water system of,map showing Pl. xix, in pocket. Oak Park, water system of, mapshowing. Pl. xix, in pocket. Orowoce Creek, data concerning 376-377 gaging station on, figure of 367 Oyster Bay,water system of, map showing. Pl. xix,in pocket. wellkabs WiewrObs4. tie ance mee cee ae eee eee alee 64 wells at, location of, map showing...............-- 281 records of, diagram showing..-...-..........-- 38 | Patchogue, watersystem of, map showing. PI. xix,in pocket. Pennsylvania,New York and Long Island Railroad,bor- ings of, maps and diagrams showing. 182, 184, 186 Perrineville Wold, location and character of SECTLOMS SHOWING 1. ek se otoe dine science aime ome | INDEX. 389 Page. Pialzgraf, H. C., estate, waterworks of, data concern- LNG Rae see eee iota op 80-81, 118-119, 169 Pleistocene time, glaciation in............-...--------- 33-48 PITOcenelerosion, OCCULTeNCe Ofssse es seeeereeeeeee sees 28 Ponds, effect of, on ground water........--.--- 62-63, 106-110 effect of, on ground water, figure showing..-.---..- 62 leakage from, figure showing occurrence and cause of Porosity. See Filtration tests. Port Jefferson Water Co., water system of, data con- Cernin Pa eae sets aera 84-85, 160-161, 319-320 Pratt estate, water system of, data concerning 82-83, 144-145, 264-265 Pl. xix, in pocket. water system of, map showing Pumping, effect of, on ground water........__- 73-74, 111-114 effect of, on ground water, figure showing 72 Pumping stations, underflow at, diagrams showing.- 98-103, 7 105-112 Quantuck Water Co., water system of, data concern- ing 84-85, 164-165, 327 Quaternary time glaciation in 33-48, 49-52 Queens Borough, waterworks of, data concerning... 78-81 water system of, map showing Pl. xix, in pocket. Queens County Water Co., water system of, data con- Comings seen ele sae aes 82-83, 136-137, 224-226 water system of, map showing Pl. xix, in pocket. wells of, location of, map showing sections of, figure showing Quogue, water system of, map showing.. Pl. xix, in pocket. Rainfall, effect of, on ground water d 69-71, 104-106 Ra nfall in 1903, data of 415-417 1 eon 3 ce Sea Gone e RACER TEE ee cae 170, 172 Raritan formation, apeOf. 2.2 o-.<2-s-4---c-2-5-2--=-- 20-20 occurrence and character of..................-..-. 22 Rathbun, F. D., record of well fluctuations furnished IDyjee eee ee ce are measles oe See eses 70 Receniiiime ;Submersence ine. - 2-24 2- ses oem eee 48 IVESORnVOMS AG aia CONCERNS eer ae ae ees 76-85 Riverhead waterworks, water system of, data concern- i 84-85, 164-165, 327-328 water system of, map showing Pl. xix, in pocket. Rockaway Ridge, folding at, section showing......__. 36 Rockville Center, water system of, data concerning.- 82-83, 140-141, 250 water system of, map showing..-.._.. Pl. xix,in pocket. Ronkonkoma, Lake, character of...............-- 63, 379-380 characteriot, igpureishowinge--.2-5---2-5--2-.-20 oe 63 Ronkonkoma stage, position of ice in, map showing. -- 44 Sag Harbor Water Co., water system of, data concern- PTO ce ree ek rei ie aS oS 84-85, 166-167, 334 water system of, map showing. ...-. Pl. xix, in pocket. Soll neminaovarene, WOO 26 coneced seme seenaeepoeene eee 96-97 Salisbury, R. D., on New Jersey geology. -.- 16, 21 Sampawams Creek, data concerning...............-- 375-376 San Gabriel River, Cal., underflow measurements on, hgumediustra ting ese nee be 91 Sand grains, effective size of, definition of.........__.. 338 filtration tests with different sizes of...........- 354-360 SIZIN PUUESUSKO = eae reese A, mos = eee eee 338-393 Sau despite wa Ot= nc 2 cee es ss ces ee care eee eee 52 Sankaty formation, deposition, character, and distri- DUGTON) Of ce | ee er S3 ce ose 2s eee 36-37 position of, diagrams showing....................- 34:39 Sayville, water system of, map showing.. Pl. xix, in pocket. Seacliff Water Co., water system of, data concerning. 82-83, 144-145, 262 Pl. xix, in pocket. water system of, map showing 390 GENERAL INDEX. a Page. | Page. Section, cross, showing underground water conditions. 56 | Veatch; A, C., on underground water of Long Island _ 53-85 Section, generalized, of pre-Pleistocene rocks.......--. 20-21 | Veatch,:A.C.,and Bowman, Isaiah, well records by. 116-337 Sections, geologic, of Wouesls) and yas eee 20,33,35, | Vineyard interval, character of......................-- 43-44 diagrams showing---.-.--.------ 17, 34, 35, 36,37, 38, 39,56 | Wantagh Pond, seepage from.................-..... 108-110 Sections, geologic, of Long Island and New Jersey, lo- underflow near, figure illustrating.._.-......_... 109-112 cation of, diagram showing.........-.----- 30 | Wantagh pumping stations, location of, figures show- Setauket, structure near, diagram showing. .--..-.--.-- 19 1 01 = Sd Sa IS Se, 87,114, Pl. xix, in pocket. Shelter Island Heights Association, water system of, underflow at, diagram illustrating..-...-.......-- 98 data concerning see nree esc ee core 84-85, 166-167 | Wantagh streams, data concerning.......-......-.- 370-371 water system of, map showing..----- Pl. xix, in pocket. | Ward, L. F., on Island series. -..._...-...-...--- aseaee 22° Slichter, C. S., on velocity of underflow on Long Island. 86-115 | Water, underground, conditions of-............--- . 53-85 Smithtown Harbor, sand spit at, view of-...---..---- 52 underground, general principles of. .-.--.-.--.- .. 53-55 Southampton Water Co., water system of, data con- geolopiciconditionS ofp see -eeee eee nee eee 55-59 Cerming iss ee Rela Ge eeees 84-85, 164-165, 329 SOURCE: ORE tsk See eee see eee 53, 67-69 water system of, map showing. -- --- Pl. xix, in pocket. [EASTON S STON G Reyes eee eae Bass im else 53-54 Springsidischanselot=ns seo -eere ee aeeer ne eee eee 59 | Water, well, analyses of. See Analyses of well waters. OL SUM Ose ea ee oe See cn Ss eg tae 58-59 | Water powers, development of.-.-....-........... 60-61, 362 Springs, mineral, occurrence of..-.-.........----------- 59 distribution of, map showing..-........-......-- ae 60 Steinway and Son, water system of, data concerning. 82-83, | Water table, definition of..-...............-...--.-..-- 54 128-129 AiuGiuabronsioi. ses) seee .... 69-74, 383-384 water system of, map showing.----- Pl. xix, in pocket. figures showing Stockbridge dolomite, occurrence and character of. -__- 16 perched'typeiof: 25. os s35eseses eee eee CLOSs section !sho wines see eee eee eee eee 17 figures showing : See Sees Streams, channels of, analogy of wells and..---......- 58 Mositioniob. 2: .. 2 hs. Laan eee “07-59 CHATACTOTI OLS ted setae Meee wy Dee on 60, 361-362, 368-323 fipures| Showing. ---- 2-29-55 -4-- 54,56, 57,58, 61-63, 70 IMEASUTEMeENILSTOL pee meee ee eee ae ee 58-59, 365-383 map showing. .----.-- So) RC eae Pl. xix, in pocket. OLEUTTENCELOL!: * So eee ee eee ee eee 60, 361-383 ' springs dependent om.---.-..------..---------- 58-59 ORIGIN Of etsy: oT OS CD. Rees 60 fig ire Showin 22 4-G ee ee ee eee 56 DLOfilesah deal See Ne ed ae ce 362 | Waterworks, data concerning 74-85 OUMEZAM HOI Ose sae hose ecieotaascence 60-61, 74, 76-78, 84, 362 map Showing =o: - = )-s=seee ese Pl. xix, in pocket. Success, Lake, character of..-................_........ 61 | Well drillers, list of those assisting.-..............-- -116-117 character of, figure showing. ...................--- Gleieyelliowners: list | Of): 3s see eee ees eee we eae 391-394 Temperature, effect of, on ground water.............- 72 |. Wells, analogy of deep-cut channels and, diagram effect of, on ground water, diagram showing...... eZ showing. ..-..-..----.---------+-+-------- 08 Tantiany rockes SeChlOn Ose eso se se eee ee ee ee ee 20-21 records of...........-.--- 118-337 Tertiary rocks of New Jersey, comparison of Long Is- 4 specific capacity of.........- Bone suo cea eaaaeoasoe . 114 land Tertiary and....---..-.....-.----.--- 91-95 | Wells, aTLesian and deep, conditions tequisite for -. 54-55, 67 Set OUL On te hla hin bene OO ia 21 anuesian and deep, dispmibution OLS. Ect seas oo 63-67 Tertiary time, history of, on Long Island...........-- 26-32 location of, maps showing. . 70-72, 180, Pl. x1x,in pocket. Test wells for underflow measurements, description 5 ReCOIcS Of... 2222-22 esse sees esse ees eee eee 118-337 GER te oy ae ob nel Fe 88-90 views of.......- eee Te ee AAR ON So ode eh y---- 64,66 i ff | waters of, analyses of. See Analyses. Plano neune WL St ravine ee ee ee eee 88 Peon ones f 7A Texas bars, theoretical deflection of rivers by------.-- 32 | We SiD IOWANS; OCOURTON ES Ol ciao ssa cope wane tea aaaae , A fi : | Wells in Connecticut, water of, analyses of..........-- 68-69 theoretical deflection by, figure showing.........-- 32 | West Hill tiond 19-20 Tides, effect of; on ground water...__...........-.-..- TTD AN ect non tae aek desc Sies a ae cael rinaciepe ance x ; =| strata in, views showing..........-..-..--- See Eeee 22, J effect of, on ground water, diagrams showing - 2. (64570271. | water conditions in, diagram showing. - 57 Tisbury gravel, deposition and occurrence Ole ie So eeee 41-43 | Wide, Daal. on Rentini fomaniion 26 position of, diagramis SDOWIOE= ROR GPES MT ee see | Whitestone, water system of, data regarding.......-. 80-81 Tobacco Point, section at, diagram showing.....-.._. 7 | water system of, map showing....__. Pl. xIx, in pocket. Tonoptaphy, development of RSE He | Whitlock, Artemus, stream measurements DY meee 366 sketch of. ._...-.---------+-+++-+++++++2+-222+22---- 15-16 Whitney, F. L., record of well fluctuations furnished j Wmudertiow mexistemcetOle= se csace See heen ae ee eee 100-104 ‘Diy eis ee he j 7 measurements Of. ......--..-------+---2-2-2-2+2-- 86-104 | Wisconsin deposits, deposition and occurrence of....- 44-48 figure illustrating. -...-..-...-..-...-.-.-.----- SIUliwiolds. definition of.) sete tne tk Gaaiiee BUR Ieee 29 velocity Of Jo Hes ce ee eee ee etree eae 92-94, 86-88, 104-113 digerams showilpae-oeees se eee eee eee eee 28,29 figures illustrating..........._.- 91-92, 98-103, 105-113 OCCUTTeNCe Of. ocean Sera aoe BOS Underflow apparatus, character of.................... 88-98 | Woodhaven Water Supply Co., water system of, data ~ principles involved in. --...........--...---.---.-.- 99 Concerning eae eee eee 80-81, 126-127, 192 views Of......-...--------------------------- 90, 92,98, 100 water system of, map showing........ Pl. xrx, in pocket. Underflow stations, location of, maps showing -...... 87,91, | Woodside Water Co., water system of, data concern- i 92, 98-103, 105-114 Ing Sia Se eee ae eae 80-81, 128-131, 194 Underground water. See Water, underground. | water system of, map showing......- Pl. x1x, in pocket. Wale yidefinition) Ose. sane sae meee ose 29 | Woodworth, J. B., on Tisbury gravel-......-...-.-.-- 37,41 diagrams. Of; -s5> cts. 2. seo ee ee ee = hee 28-30 pure Cited trom] o0s. ste asee eee ean sea 39 OCCHIETEN COOL. se eee a ee eee eer .--- 28-32 | Woolman, Lewis, on wells and geology of Long Island Veatch, A. C., on geology of Long Island............-- 15-52 | and New Jersey:s.20 pesca cee ce teense 23-24 res eee INDEX OF WELL DATA. (By names of owners.) [For wells by locality, see map (Pl. XXIV,in pocket), from which numbers used in tables and notes, pp. 123-368, can be obtained.] Page. /Nomfhane hy, dmb i6 VS eee see ccens 136, 226 diagram showing.....---.--- 36 Ackerly, sanmann). 25-521 eee 154-155 ANG rool py 1 (en biG KS ey eiseie aed oir 154-155 Albertson, J. A.......-.-.- 142-1438, 256 Allard & McGuire. ..... 148-149, 278-279 Amoaransette cn) 2c osc2 sacle 166-167 American Cordage and Manufac- UNIS C Olas cle Stone eee 122-123 American Hard Rubber Co~. 130-1381, 198 Amityville Water Co~ 82-83, 150, 151, 287 Anderson, H.B 138-139, 242 Anderson, W. B 134-135, 224 Arbuckle Brothers.......-- 120-121, 175 Army, U.S 118-119, 134— 135, 146-147, 166-169, 220, 275, 336 ‘Arnold, Wm. H 134-135, 222 Astoria Silk Works 128-129, 196 Astoria Steel Co 126-127, 187 Babylon Sumpwams Water Co.. 82-83, 154-155, 303-304 Balend GwAss esr ak -eraeeease 162-163 Baker, W. C 134-135, 224 Baldwin} Gilbert. =--..2----2- 134-135 Baldwin, W. H., jr.------- 146-147, 267 diagram showing Barrett Manufacturing Co. 118-119, 169 Bartlett, Judge —.......-. 162-163, 321 Bayside. See New York City de- partment of water supply (Queens Borough). Be@Ker i iaghy sir tea yee eee 164-165, 330 iBeditord Ae Ono ho eee 146-147 TB CUIRBE tm Viev nies conse acer 152-153, 294 Benjamin, Dr. —_...-.. Benner, Charles...........- 166-167, 334-335 158-159, 315 1512) 42210 heer ee ee ope 146-147 Bernheim, Frank 144-145 Bevin. Ace. 2-35 21, 154-155, 302-303 Bickerman, Charles...- 126-127, 187,198 Biddle, J 160-161, 320 Bleeker 2.2 oe nec coe ae ae eee 152-153 Blyndenburgh, Charles .... 156-157, 308 Blythbourne Water Co-.......... 80-81, 118-119, 168 Borden Condensed Milk Co. 118-119, 173 Bosch, Hiredie=ssa-e. es 72, 152-153, 290 Bottjer, H 128-129, 194 IB OMe By) Gems ers tenes eee 158-159 Bowen, James....-..-- 152-153, 293-294 Bowery Bay Building and Im- provement Co.....-. 82-83, 130-131, 197 58 | 138-139, 242 | TEREAGli7 e/a eee 142-143, 255 | Bragnaw estate...........-. 124-125, 183 Brentwood .2<...---ca2 156-158, 307 } Page. Breslau fire department ------- 154-155 iBinid eh emp t OMe. geese se ae 166-176 Bmiehibsony Ga Byes ss-pee- 22 152-153, 292 mo okhaiwenes a= sere seas 162-163 Brooklyn Borough Gas Co....- 118-119 Brooklyn department of water supply. See New York City - department of water supply (Brooklyn Borough). Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. 118-119, 168 Brooklyn sewer department. --.. 118- 119, 168 Brooklyn Union Gas Co.....--.. 118- 123, 172, 177, 178 Brooklyn waterworks. See New York City department of water supply (Brooklyn Borough). 