None
; by Fungi, 257 Dimorphism, 442 1 Dioecious plants, 441 Dioncea, 149, 206, 208, 261, 349, 370, 384, 391, 398,^400, 403, 408 ' Dodder, see Cuscuta Dorsiventral structures, 315 Drosera, 149, 207, 261, 349, 384, 391, 394, 403, 405, 406 Drosophyllum, 205 Duramen, 72 Ectocarpus, 423 Ectoplasm, 5 Egg apparatus, 432 Elaioplasts, 254, 279 Elodea, 6, 350 Embryo, nutrition of, 133 Embryo-sac, 431 Emulsin, 262, 267 Endodermis, 69 Endosperm, 431 Energy, expenditure of, in photosyn- thesis, 170, 288; expenditure of, in transpiration, 288, 294 ; in constructive processes, 288, 294 ; in growth, 289 ; in movement, 290 ; in production of heat 290, of light 292 ; sources of, 292, 322 ; potential and kinetic forms of, 295 ; liberation of, 296 ; distri- bution of, 297 ENOBLMAKN, on evolution of oxygen in different parts of the spectrum, 170 ; on purple bacteria, 172 Entomophilous flowers, 438 Environment, nature of, 371 Enzymes, 138, 258 ; preparation of, 270 ; secretion of, 275 ; in pollen, 443 Ephedra, 50 i Epidermis, characters of, 48 : Epinasty, 315 Epiphytes, 210, 340 Epistrophe, 364 I Equatorial plate, 414 Equisetacece, 50 Equisetum, sclerenchyma of, 27, 29 ; air-spaces in, 108 ; chloroplasts in, 160 Erianthus, 29 ERLENMEYER on photosynthesis, 167 454 VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY Erythrophyll, 158 Erythrozym, 262, 267 Etiolation, 361 Etiolin, 162; in photosynthesis, 171, 187 ; antecedent of chloro- phyll, 280, 361 Euonymus, 162, 280 Euphorbia, 245 EWART on inhibition of chlorophyll apparatus, 171 Exhaustion, 408 Exodermis, 21 Fat, 143 ; origin of, 183 ; as reserve material, 253 ; digestion of, 268 ; secretion of, 279 Fatigue, 408 Fermentation, 302, 326 Fermentative power of protoplasm, 302 Ferments (soluble), see Enzymes ; (microbic), 302 Fern, skeleton of, 25, 26 Fertilisation, 425, 437 ; stimulating effect of, 445 Fimbristylis, 27, 29 Flaccidity, 64 ; removal by injecting water 91, by checking trans- piration 96 Flagella, 2 Flowers, opening and closing of, 315, 377 Fluorine, 188 Food, its nature, 132 ; formation of, 155 ; conditions of continuous formation of, 236 Food materials, relation to food, 135 ; mode of absorption, 140, 142 Formaldehyde, as stage in photosyn- thesis, 165, 168 ; in construction of proteid, 179 Formic acid, 167 Free-cell formation, 416 Frost, action of, 328 Fruit, formation of, 446 Fiwacece, 425 Fungi, composition of cell-walls of, 40 ; constructive powers of, 197 ; digestive powers of, 209 ; haus- toria of, 220 Funkia, 253 Fusarium, 264 Gametangia, 423 Gametes, 421 Gametophyte, 426 GARREAU on absorption of oxygen by plants, 119 Gaseous interchanges, 103 Gases, mode of absorption of, 103 ; movements of, in plants, 113, 114 ; currents of, affected by external conditions, 116; absorption of, 151 Gaultherase, 262, 267 GAUTIER on chlorophyll, 158 Gelatin, 173 Gemmae, 417 Gemmation, 413 Geotropism, 381, 395 Germination, of pollen, 443 ; of seeds, 447 Ginkgo, antherozoids of, 436, 445 Glands, 259 Gliadin, 177, 252 Globoids, 251 Globulin, 175 Glochidia, 440 Glucase, 262, 264 Glucosides as reserve material, 252 Gluten, 251 | Gluteniri, 177, 252 j Glycogen, 246 j Gonidangia, 419 Gonidia, 419 Grafting, 220 Grape-sugar as reserve material, 247 Grasses, construction of stem of, 109 ! Growing-points, 76, 309 ! Growth, 224, 305 ; localisation of, 306, 309, 313 ; conditions of, 309 ; course of, 310 ; grand period of, 311, 312; of leaf, 313; daily period of, 314, 354 Gums, 51 Haustoria, 215, 219, 220, 343 Health, 359, 366 Heat, liberation of, 290 ; absorption of, 323; conduction of, 326; regulation of, 327 ; resistance to, 329 Heaths, rolled leaves of, 339 •Hedysarum, 355 ; also see Desmo- '. dium Helianthus, 91 Heliotropism, 378, 395, 396 Hepatica, 391 Heterospory, 429 Heterostylism, 442 i Honey, 439 i Hop, 388 INDEX 455 HOPPE-SEYLER on chlorophyll, 158, 190 Humus, 67 Hybridisation, 445 Hydrocyanic acid, 181 Hydrogen peroxide in photosynthe- sis, 168 Hydrophilous flowers, 438 Hydrotropism, 392 Hypnum, 198 Hyponasty, 315 Individual, 411 Insectivorous plants, 149 ; Utricu- laria, 201 ; Sarracenia, 202 ; Nepenthes, 203 ; Cephalotus, 203 ; Bartsia, 204; Lathrcea, 204; Drosophyllum, 205 ; Pinguicula, 206 ; Dioncea, 206, 208 ; Drosera, 207 Intercellular passages, 31, 32 ; for- mation of, 32, 104 ; function of, 34, 104 ; watery vapour in, 74 ; in Isoetes, 106, 332 ; in Marsilea, 107, 335 ; relation to stomata, 111; ratio to cellular tissue in leaves, 113 ; composition of air in, 113, 114; positive gaseous pressure in, 117 ; in aquatic plants, 330 Intercellular substance, 45 Inulase, 262, 264 Inulin, 246 Invertase, 262, 264, 443 Iodine, 143, 188, 194 Iron, in ash of plants, 143, 188; combinations absorbed, 150, 192 ; relation to chlorophyll, 163 ; function of, 191 Irritability, 359, 377, 394 Isoetes, 106, 107, 332, 430 JUMELLE on decomposition of car- bon dioxide, 164 Juncus, 28, 29 Kachree gourd, 266 Karyokinesis, 413 Katabolism, 137, 272, 298 Kephir, 211 Klinostat, 381 KNIGHT on action of centrifugal force on the direction of growth, 382 Laccase, 194, 300 Lactase, 264 Latent period of response to stimu- lation, 407 Lathrcea, 204, 217 Laticiferous systems, 234 Leaves, sclerenchyma of, 27 ; rolled, 112 ; irritability of, 372 Lecithin, 190 LeguminoscB, cotyledons of, 40 ; absorption of nitrogen by, 148, 178, 211 ; irritability of leaves of, 372 Lenticels, 34, 76 Leucin, 180 Leucoplasts, 162, 243 Lichens, 210 Light, influence of, on transpiration, 95 ; absorption of, by chlorophyll, 156, 292 ; necessary for formation of chlorophyll, 162 ; action in photosynthesis, 163, 170 ; tonic influence of, 360 ; effect of, on differentiation of leaves, 362 ; effect on growth, 365 ; lateral, 378 Lignin, 47, 50, 285 Lilium Martagon, fertilisation of, 444 Lipase, 262, 268 Lithium, 188 Locomotion, 290, 347, 348 Lycopodium, 40, 198 Lythrum, 442 MACALLUM on composition of nucleus, 191 Magnesium, in ash, 143, 188 ; mode of absorption of, 191 Malic acid, attraction for anthero- zoids, 393 Maltase, 262 Malto-dextrin, 263 Manganese, 143, 194 Marchantia, photo-epinasty of, 364, 380 Marsilea, 51, 107 Massula of Azolla, 440 Medullary rays, influence of, on transpiration current, 81 ; as store- houses of reserve material, 239 Megaspores, 429 Melibiase, 264 Melizitase, 264 Mesocarpece, 422 Mesocarpus, 358, 364, 403 Metabolism, 6, 137, 272 Metapectic acid, 42 Metapectine, 42 456 VEGETABLE PHYSIOLOGY Methane, 182 Micellae of cell-wall, 43 Mici'ococcus Urea, 269 Microspores, 429 Middle lamella, 45 Mimosa, 62, 356, 358, 370, 372, 384, 389 Mimulus, 384 Mistletoe, 213, 343 Mitosis, 413 MIYOSHI on chemotaxis, 394 Monoblepliaris, 424 Monoecious flowers, 441 Mwiotropa, 213 Moorland plants, 338 Movements, of protoplasm, 6, 351 ; for capture, 206, 208; of multi- cellular organs, 349 Mucilage, 51, 248 Mucor, 448 Mycoderma aceti, 270 Mycorhiza, 213 Myriophyllum, 117 Myronate of potash, see Sinigrin Myrosin, 262, 267 Myxomycetes, 49, 347, 392, 393, 394 NAEGELI, theory of composition of cell-wall, 43 Nectar, 285 Nectary, 62, 439 Negative pressure, in wood-vessels, 89, 91 ; influence of, on move- ments of gases, 116 Neottia, 198 Nepenthes, 149, 203, 261 Nervous mechanisms, 397 Nickel, 188 Nicotiana, 373 Nitella, 6, 351 Nitrates, 143, 193 Nitrification, 148, 171, 172 Nitrogen, absorption of, 113, 147; in proteids, 143; fixation of, by leguminous plants 148, 178, 211, by Algae 179 Nostoc, 12 Nuclear spindle, 414 Nuclein, 8, 188, 190 Nucleolus, 8 Nucleoplasm, 8 Nucleus, 5 ; position in cell, 7 ; structure of, 8 ; definitive, 432 ; generative, 436 Nutation, 316 Nyctitropic movements, 326, 373, 375, 377 Nymphcea, 108, 333 Oil, see Fat Oncidium, 253 Oogonia, 424 Oospheres, 423 Oospore, 425 Opuntia, 124, 128 Orchidacece, 210 Ornithogahim, 253 Orobanchacecs, 343 Orobanche, 217 Orthocarbonic acid in photosyn- thesis, 168 Osmosis, 55 ; in adult cells, 60 ; from veins of leaf, 74 ; influence of, on transpiration- current, 100, 102 Ouvirandra, 332 Ovule, 431 Oxalic acid, 129, 179 Oxalidacece, 372 Oxalis acetosella, 363 Oxidases, 269, 300 Oxidation, 299 Oxygen, mode of absorption by plants, 15, 31, 115 ; influence of, on action of roots, 85 ; proof of absorption of, 119 ; relation of absorption of, to exhalation of carbon dioxide, 125 ; variation in amount of, as affecting respiration, 130 j Pceonia, 40 I Pangium, 181 1 Papain, 266 | Paraheliotropism, 363 Parapectine, 42 Parasites, 135, 341 Parasitism, 198, 210, 214 Paratonic influence of light, 360 Parnassia, 440 Parthenogenesis, 448 Passiflora, 386, 398 | Pectase, 262, 265 i Pectic acid, 42 ; relation to middle lamella, 46 Pectine, 41 Pectose, 41 Pediastrum, 12 Pelvetia, 18 Pennisetum, 27, 29 Pepsin, 262, 265, 266 j Peptone, 176 1 Perception, 405 i Periodicity of root-pressure, 87, 357 Perisperm, 434 i PFEFFEB, on water-culture, 185 ; on localisation of sensitiveness, 382, 400 INDEX 457 Phajus, 245 Phalaris, 379, 398, 400 Phosphorus, in proteicls, 143, 188 ; mode of absorption of, 150 ; asso- ciated with nucleus, 189 Photo-epinasty, 364 Photosynthesis, 164 ; theories of, 165 ; not carried out by fungi, 172 Phototaxis, 380 Phototonus, 359 Pinguicula, 206 Pitcher-plants, see Insectivorous plants Planogametes, 422 Plantago, 441 Plasmatic membranes, 6, 57, 59 Plasmodium of Myxomycetes, 4, 9, 347 Plasmolysis, 59 Plastids, 5 Polar nuclei, 432, 444 Pollen grain, germination of, 443 Pollen tube, 436 Pollination, 437 ; methods of, 438 Polygamous plants, 441 Polygonum, photo-epinasty of, 364 Polymerisation of aldehydes, 166, 167 Polytrichum, 26 Porlieria, 392 Positive pressure of gases in inter- cellular reservoirs, 117 Potamogeton, 31 Potassium, in ash, 143, 188 ; con- dition of, in soil, 150 ; mode of absorption of, 190; function of, 191, 192 Potometer, 97 Predominant form of plants in different groups, 428 Prepotency, 442 Primula, 283 Procarpium, 424 Protandry, 440 Proteids, 173 ; composition of, 174 ; crystals of, 174; reactions of, 174 ; coagulated, 177; construction of, 178, 182; translocation of, 229, 232 ; storage of, 230 Proteolytic enzymes, 262, 265 Proteoses. THIS, BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. IAN 3 T 2 1 1937 LD 21-50ro-8,-32 •f-n-hirnductio:! to Ivegetational physiology OCT 21 1937 Perry BIOLOGY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY. 