None
INDEX Abies graudis, 130 Abies nobilis, 93, 130 Abies pectinata, 128 Acacia, so-called, 50, 169 Acer, species of, 51, 156 Aesculus, species of, 51 Afforestation of pit mounds, 59 Afforestation of water catchment areas, 71, 105 Agrarian zone, 106 Ailanthus glandulosa, 50 Air of forests, 1 6 Air, pure bracing, 17 Alder, common, 63, 154 Alder, grey or white, 68, 155 Alnus, species of, 63, 68, 154, 155 Altitude and cultivation, 117 Altitude and planting, 115 Altitude, effect on trees, 113 Ardgoil Estate, 41 Ash, 50, 119, 149 Ashgill Plantation, 115, 138 Aspen, 166 Bacteria in air of forests, 1 7 Barr, W., 19 Bates, C. G., 12 Baxter, George, 81, 282 Beech, 47, 98, 119, 147 Betts, Norman D. W., 11 Betula, species of, 163 Birch, 49, 63, 162 Birmingham parks, 35 Black Country, 59 Board of Agriculture, S6, 103 Boodle, L. A., 19 Bournemouth pine jJautations, 24 126 Bracken fern, 15, 108 Broad -leaved trees, 119, 120, 147 Brompton Hospital Sanatorium, 22 Cairns covered by peat, 19 Camps afforestation scheme, 27, 261 Castanea, 157 Catalpa, 53 Chestnut, 157 Chittenden, H. M., 2 Cholera, forests free from, 17 Church, J. E., 5 Climate, forests and, 1 Climate, optimum, in Neolithic period, 19 Common land, 39, 103, 107 Conifer forests and tuberculosis, 22 Conifer j^lantations, 120, 148 Conifers in towns, 54 Conifers for planting, 119, 123 Cotton grass moor. 111 Cricket-bat willow, 168 Cupressus lawsoniana, 19, 146 Cupressus macrocarpa, 19, 146 Dairy farms and shelter belts, 18, 19 Deschampsia flexuosa, 108 Development Commissioners, 31, 62, 79, 89, 103, 188, 228, 239, 267, 298 Dobell, Dr. Horace, 23, 25 Don and Chisholm, 19 Douglas fir, 42, 94, 98, 131 Doulton Road Schools, 64 Draining effected by forests, 16 Ebermayer, 15, 17 Elms, 52, 159 Eriophorum, 111 Erosion of soil and forests, 1 , 7 Etlinger, Dr. F. K., 22 Eucalyptus and malaria, 16 Euonymus japouica, 1 9 Eve, Trof. A. S., 17 308 rOEESTS, WOODS, AND TEEES Exmoor, plantations on, 116 Exposure and planting, 105, 116 Fernow, E. B., 11 Fescue, 108 Filtration of water supply, 104, 226 Fisher, W. R., 96 Floods diminished by forests, 7, 9 Forest air, 16 Forest influence — on air temperature, 3 on climate, 1 on erosion of the soil, 1, 7 on floods, 7, 8, 9 on flow of streams, 1 0 on rainfall, 3 on silting of reservoirs, 76 on snow melting, 5 on soil temperature, 3 on springs, 7 on water supply, 6 Forestry societies and schools, 66 Forestry work at Hairmyres for tuberculous patients, 28 Forests — absence of, on west coast, 114 aesthetic value of, 18 and climate, 1 and hygiene, 13 and underground water, 16 as sites for sanatoria, 20 bacteria in air and soil of, 17 drainage by, improving health, 16 of conifers and tuberculosis, 22, 26 on mountain watersheds, 9 sanitary influence of, 13 villages in, free from cholera, 17 Fraxinus excelsior, 50, 119, 149 Frosts, spring, and peat-bogs, 15 Furze, 108 Games, organised, in pai'ks, 37 Gathering grounds. See Water catch- ment areas Giandotti, M., 2 Ginkgo biloba, 55 Glasgow Municipal Forest, 41 Gordon, G. P., 31, 32 Gordon, Dr. W., 14 Grants for attbrestation, 80 Grass moors. 111 Grazing, zone of hill, 106 Grazing in larch plantations, 117 Hairmyres Colony Sanatorium, 27 Hairmyres forest nursery, 28 Hall and Maxwell, 8 Hamburger, Prof., 25 Hardie, Dr. M., 114 Hawes, Austin F., 11 Hay fever, 20 Hazel, 150 Health and forests, 18 Heather, 109 Heaths, 106, 109 Hemlock spruce, 144 Henzell, C. G., 100 Hill pasture, 106, 117 Hill, Prof. Leonard, 22 Hinsdale, Dr. Guy, 32 Hollies for towns, 54 Holmes, Basil, 38 Hornbeam, 157 Horse chestnut, 51 Huffel, G., 12, 17 Hybrid trees, 121 Hydrogen peroxide, 16 Rex, hybrids of, 54 India, forest influence on climate of, 2 Interplanting, 134 lonisation of forest air, 17 Juglans nigra, 47, 168 •Juncus, 111 Kellogg, Frank B., 18 Knockboy plantation, 127 Laburnum, 53 Lanark, attbrestation scheme at Camps, 29 Landes, forests of, improving health, 18 Larch — European, 15, 93, 98, 139 Japanese, 142 western, 143 woods and grazing, 117 Laurel, 19 Lawson cypress, 19, 146 Lawson, Dr. David, 22 Lees, E. A., 103 Leighton, M. 0., 8 Lime trees, species of, 51 Liquidambar, 53 Loomis, Dr. A. L., 21 INDEX 309 Maidenliair tree, 5o Malaria diminished by forests, 16, 18 Maple, Norway, 51, 156 Margerison, S., 76 Mathieu, A., 11 Metropolitan Public Gardens Associa- tion, 39 Midland Reafforesting Association, 59 Mill, Dr. Hugh R., 2 Mitchell, L., 187 Molinia caerulea, 108, 111 Moorland zone, 109 Moors, planting of, 112 Mulberry, 53 Municipal forests, 41 Nancy, observations on forests and rainfall at, 4, 16 Nardus stricta, 108, 111 National Trust, 40 New Forest, rainfall of, 2 Nordrach Colonic Sanatorium, 21 Nordrach-on-Dee Sanatorium, 22 Oak- common, 53, 152 evergreen, 54, 154, 156 Turkey, 154 Oaks for towns, 53 Oil shale, 69, 70 Open spaces, 33 Oppokov, E. v., 9 Oxygen in air of forests, 1 5 Ozone in air of forests, 16 Pan, 110 Parks— in towns, 33 purity of air in, 1 8 of Birmingham, 35 of London, 33 Parry, J., 72, 80, 84 Paulownia imperialis, 47 Peat- bogs, afforestation of, 15, 19 bogs, chilling effect of, 15 formation of, 19, 111 moors. 111, 112 on mountains, 14 planting on, 15, 112, 138, 194 Pennines, 108, 109 Phagocytosis, 25 Phthisis, 20, 28 Pine- Austrian, 54, 98, 125 Corsican, 54, 93, 98, 124 forests and sanatoria, 21 leaves, chemical constituents of, 2; maritime, 15, 19, 125 needle oil, 25 plantations at Bournemouth, 24 Scots, 15, 98, 120, 123 Weymouth, 93 Pines, emanations of leaves of, 25 Pines, odours of, 25 Pinus insignis, 127 Pinus niontana, 126 Pit banks and bings, 60, 68, 70 Pit mounds — afforestation of, 59, 67, 155 sowing of, 62, 67 trees for, 63, 155 Plane, various species, 48 Plantations — Ardgoil, 41 Elan, 102 Exmoor, 116 Rivington, 95 Thirlmere, 96 Vyrnwy, 92 Washburn Valley, 100 Planting — at high elevations, 115 mattock used in, 98 on peat, 15^ 112, 138, 194 on pit banks, 60, 155 on water catchment areas, 85 trees in towns, 55 wet spots, 137, 154 Platanus, several species, 48 Playground movement in America, 42 Playgrounds in towns, 39, 40 Pliny, treatment of tuberculosis, 20 Poplars, 49, 63, 121, 164 Populus, various species, 49 121 164 Proceeds-sharing, 80 Pruning of trees, 56 Prunus, species of, 53 Pyrus, species of, 53 Quercus, species of, 53, 154 Rainfall, influence of forests on, 3 Reconstruction Report on Forestry, 310 FOKESTS, WOODS, AND TREES Reservoirs — dead leaves in, 76, 217 protection of, by tree belts, 76 silting of, 76 Return as to Water Undertakings in England and Wales, 104, 170 Rigg, G. B., 19 Rights of grazing, 103 Roberts, C. H., 10 Robinia Pseudacacia, 50, 65, 69, 169 Rowley Regis School Plantation, 65 Run-otf water, 6 Ruskin, 73 Sallx, various species, 167 Sallow, 167 Salt spray carried inland, 19 Salt spray, injury to trees, 13, 19 Sanatoria in forests, 20 Sanatorium — Brompton Hospital, Frimley, 21, 22 at Hairinyres, 27 at Nordrach, 21 Nordrach-on-Dee, 22 Pinewood, Wokingham, 22 Sand dunes, afforestation of, 19, 124, 126 Sanitary influence of forests, 13 School forestry societies, 66 School plantations, 62, 64 Scirpus moor. 111 Scots pine, 15, 98, 120, 123 Seed, selection of, 122, 141 Shale banks, planting of, 69 Sheep and shelter belts, 15 Sheep in larch woods, 117 Sheep on water catchment areas, 74 Shelter belts, 14, 24, 129, 139, 147, 148, 156 Shelter for dairy farms, 18 Shelter of grazing land, 18, 19, 117, 118 Shelter of sanatoria, 24 Silver fir, 93, 128 Slag heaps, 60, 69 Smoke, effect on trees, 45, 57, 95 Smoke of towns, 45, 178 Snow, influence of forests on, 5 Soil erosion, forest influence on, 1, 7 Soil in towns, 45 Soot and trees, 45, 54 Sowing on pit mounds, 62 Special adaptability, 82 Sphagnum moor, 111 Springs, forest influence on, 7 Spruce — at high elevation, 31 common, 15, 76, 93, 134 Sitka, 94, 98, 136 white, 115, 138 Staking trees, 55 Stevenson, R. L., 11 Stomata of leaves and soot, 54 Story, Prof. Fraser, 234, 239 Stream-flow, forest influence on, 10 Streets, planting of, 55 trees for, 47 Sulphur dioxide and trees, 45, 58 Sycamore, 51, 63, 156 Tarred roads and trees, 46, 58 Temperature, influence of forests on, 3 Thomson, Prof. 187, 238 purchase of, 73, 77 Reconstruction Committee's re- commendations, 79 Renfrew, 249 restrictions on, 227, 238, 277 River Farg, 277, 278 Rivington, 94, 180 sanitary condition of, 214, 238 Scotland, 247 Severn Basin, 218 sheep grazing on, 74 Slateford Burn, 277, 278 Stirlingshire, 259 Talla, 265, 268 Thirlmere, 73, 95, 172 trees for, 119 utilisation of, 73 Vyrnwy, 88, 237 Wales, 230 Washburn Valley, 99 Westmorland, 172 Wigtownshire, 254 Yorkshire, 190 Water Catchment Areas supplying — Aberdare U.D.C., 245 Abertillery and District, 221 Aberystwyth, 237 Accrington District Gas and Water Board, 184 Airdrie, Coatbridge, and District, 264 Alexandria, Bonhill, and James- town Disti-ict, 250 Alloa, 272 Annan, 258 Arbroath, 280 Ardrossan, 254 Armagh, 293 Ashton in Makerfield U.D.C., 189 312 FOKESTS, WOODS, AND TREES Water Catchment Areas supplying | {contd. )— Ashton under Lyme, Stalybridge, and Dunkinfield (District), 207 Aspatria, Silloth, and District, 172 Ayr, 256 Bacup, 186 Baildon U.D.C., 198 Ballina, 305 Ballymena, 289 Ballymoney, 289 Banbridge, 292 Bangor (Down), 291 Bangor (Wales), 232 Barnsley, 203 Barrow in Furness, 180 Bathgate District, 262 Batley, 202 Beith, 255 Belfast, 287 Birkenhead, 234 Birmingham, 101 Birr, 300 Blackburn, 195 Blairgowrie, Rattray, and Dist., 280 Bolton, 187 Bo'ness, 269 Boston Waterworks Co., 217 Bradford, 193 Brechin, 281 Bridge of Allan Water Co., 260 Bristol Waterworks Co., 221 Briton Ferry U.D.C., 244 Brymbo Water Co., 235 Brynmawr U.D.C., 241 Buncrana, 291 Bundoran, 305 Burley-in-Wharfedale U.D.C, 197 Burnley, 183 Burntisland, 274 Bury and District, 184 Butte vant, 303 Buxton U.D.C, 210 Cahirciveen, 304 Cardiff, 239 Carlisle, 172 Carlow, 300 Carnarvon, 232 Carnforth District Waterworks Co. , 182 Carrick-on-Suir, 301 Castlebar, 305 Castleblayney, 295 Cavan, 295 Water Catchment Areas supplying (contd. ) — Cheltenham, 219 Chesterfield Gas and Water Board, 211 Chesterfield R.D.C., 211 Church Stretton U.D.C, 218 Cleator Moor U.D.C, 174 Cleveland Water Co., 205 Clones, 294 Clydebank and District, 251 Colne, 182 Conway and Colwyn Bay, 233 Crietf, 280 Cupar (Fife), 275 Dairy, 255 Darwen, 189 Denny and Dunipace, 259 Derwent Valley Water Board, 210 Devonport, 226 Dewsbury and Heckmondwike, 203 Doncaster, 204 Drogheda, 299 Dublin, 296 Dumbarton, 251 Dumfries and Maxwelltown, 258 Dundalk, 299 Dundee, 281 Dunfermline, 279 Dunfermline District, 279 Dungannon, 293 Dungarvan, 302 Dunoon, 252 Duns, 271 Ebbw Vale U.D.C, 241 Edinburgh, 264 Ennis, 305 Enniskillen, 295 Exmouth U.D.C, 224 Falkirk and Larbert Trust, 260 Falmouth Waterworks Co., 229 Fermoy, 303 Forfar, 281 Fraserburgh, 283 Fulwood U.D.C, 182 Fylde Water Board, 181 Galashiels, 271 Girvan, 257 Glasgow, 249 Glossop, 209 Gloucester, 220 Glyncorwg U.D.C, 244 Grange U.D.C, 181 Grangemouth, 260 INDEX 313 Water Catchment Areas supplying [contd. ) — Greenock, 252 Guisborough Water Co., 205 Halifax, 199 Hamilton, 262 Harrogate, 192 Hawarden and District Water- works Co., 236 Hawick, 271 Helensburgh, 250 Hey wood and Middleton, 188 Higham Ferrars and Rushden, 214 Holyhead Waterworks Co., 230 Holy wood, 291 Horwich U.D.C., 189 Hudderstield, 201 Inverness, 282 Inverurie, 285 Irvine and District, 255 Ivybridge U.D.C., 227 Keady, 293 Keighley, 198 Keith, 284 Kelso, 272 Kendal, 175 Kettering U.D.C., 214 Kilbirnie, 255 Kilkenny, 300 Killarney, 304 Killorglin, 304 Kilmarnock, 256 Kilsyth, 259 Kingussie, 283 Kirkcaldy and Dysart, 274 Kirkcaldy District, 277 Kirkcudbright, 258 Kirriemuir, 280 Lanark, 263 Lanarkshire Middle Ward, 29, 261 Lancaster, 181 Lauder, 271 Leeds, 99, 190 Leicester, 216 Letterkenny, 291 Leven, 275 Linlithgow County, Bathgate Dis- trict, 262 Linlithgow County, Central Dis- trict, 270 Linlithgow District, 269 Lisburn, 289 Liverpool, 88 Llandudno U.D.C., 233 Water Catchment Areas supplying {contd. ) — Llanelly, 238 Llanfairfechan U.D.C., 232 Llanidloes, 237 Llantrisant and Llantwitfardre R.D.C., 246 Loanhead, 269 Lochgelly, 272 Londonderry, 290 Longford, 299 Loughborough, 215 Macclesfield, 208 Machynlleth U.D.C., 237 Mallow, 303 Malvern U.D.C., 219 Manchester, 95 Margam U.D.C., 243 Melton Mowbray U.D.C., 216 Merthyr Tydfil, 240 Middleton, 302 Milford Haven U.D.C., 238 Millom U.D.C., 175 Monaghan, 294 Morley, 200 Morpe"th, 176 Motherwell, 262 Mountain Ash U.D.C., 244 Nantwich U.D.C., 211 Neath, 243 Neath R.D.C., 241 Nelson, 183 Nenagh, 301 Newburgh, 276 Newcastle (Down), 292 Newcastle and Gateshead Water Co., 176 Newport (Mon.), 220 New Ross, 300 Newry, 293 Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn U.D.C., 237 Northampton, 212 North Berwick, 270 Okehampton, 228 Oldham, 202 Omagh, 294 Oswestry, 236 Otley U.D.C., 196 Padiham U.D.C., 183 Paignton U.D.C., 228 Paisley, 253 Penmaenmawr U.D.C., 232 Penrith U.D.C., 175 14 rOEESTS, WOODS, AND TEEES Water Catchment Areas supplying (contd.) — Penzance, 229 Peterhead, 284 Pittenweem and Anstruthers, 276 Plymouth, 224 Pontypridd and Rhondda, 244 Portadown and Banbridge, 292 Port Glasgow, 252 Portrush, 290 Ports te wart, 290 Preston, 182 Prestonpans Water Trust, 270 Queenstown, 302 Rathmines and Rathgar U.D.C., 298 Renfrew First District, 253 Rhondda U.D.C., 245 Rhyl U.D.C., 233 Ripon, 192 Rochdale, 186 Rosyth, 279 Rothesay, 252 Ruabon Water Co., 235 St. Andrews, 276 St. Ives (Cornwall), 229 Scunthorpe U.D.C., 217 Sheffield, 203 Shipley U.D.C., 197 Skipton U.D.C., 195 Sligo, 305 South Molton, 224 Stirling, 259 Stirling Eastern District, 261 Stockport, 207 Strabane, 294 Stranraer, 258 Stratford-on-Avon, 219 Stratton and Bude U.D.C., 224 Swansea, 242 Tain, 283 Taunton, 222 Tees Valley Water Board, 190 Templemore, 301 Thirsk District Water Co., 205 Thurles, 301 Tipperary, 301 Todmorden, 200 Torquay, 227 Towyn U.D.C., 236 Tralee, 303 Tredegar U.D.C.. 221 Water Catchment Areas supplying {contd. Limited, Ediyihiirgh. FROM CONSTABLES LIST ANIMAL LIFE AND HUMAN PROGRESS Edited by Arthur Dendy, D.Sc, F.R.S., Fellow of King's College and Professor of Zoology in the University of London. Demy 8vo. 227 +ix pages. lOs. 6d. 7Je^, INFLUENCES OF GEOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT By E. C. Semple, Author of "American History and its Geographic Conditions." Mednim 8vo. 700 pages. 18s.net. OUTLINES OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY By Arthur Dendy, D.Sc, F.R.S., Professor of Zoology in the University of London (King's College) ; Zoological Secretary of the Linnean Society of London ; Honorary Member of the New Zealand Institute ; foi-merly Professor of Biology in the Canterbury College (University of New Zealand), and Professor of Zoology in the South African College, Cape Town. Second Edition, enlarged. Fourth Impression, %mth a Glossary. Illustrated. 15s. net. INDIAN TREES An Account of Trees, Shrubs, Woody Climbers, Bamboos and Palms, Indigenous or Commonly Cultivated in the British Indian Empire. 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