None
424 APPENDIX "B** FROM LLOYDS REGISTER OF SHIPPING 1915 TONNAGE Steam Sail Total British: United Kingdom 19,235,705 305,663 19,541,368 Colonies 1,595,213 137,487 1,732,700 Total 20,830,918 1 443,150 21,274,068 American 4,854,748 1,037,891 * 5,892,639 Argentine 188,771 33,762 222,533 Austro-Hungarian 1,016,695 1,515 1,018,210 Belgian 269,252 7,175 276,427 Brazilian 302,513 14,901 317,414 ChiHan 100,320 28,272 128,592 Chinese 97,536 543 98,079 Cuban 35,395 2,487 37,882 Danish 803,701 61,295 854,996 Dutch 1,498,519 24,028 1,522,547 French 1,909,609 376,119 2,285,728 German 4,419,167 286,160 4,706,027 Greek 892,991 15,734 908,725 Italian 1,513,631 222,914 1,736,545 Japanese 1,826,068 1,826,068 Mexican 39,294 3,388 42,682 Norwegian 1,977,809 551,379 2,529,188 Peruvian 28,608 25,141 53,749 Portuguese 92,425 30,301 122,726 Roumanian 54,210 393 54,603 Russian 851,951 202,811 1,054,762 Spanish 885,755 13,449 899,204 Swedish 1,021,796 101,087 1,122,883 Turkish 115,342 17,820 133,162 Uruguayan 36,561 11,179 47,740 Other Countries 65,623 28,967 94,590 Total tonnage (of vessels of 100 tons or over) 49,261,769 Gross tons shown in the case of steamers and net tons for sailing-vessels. It will be noted that the tonnage doubled in about twenty years, being 22,151,651 in ,1890, and 49,261,769 in 1915. 'ff^* In 1913 the amount of tonnage in foreign shipping was 1,019,165; the remainder was dteaged in coastwise trade and on the lakes. f Sail tonnage is now only a fraction of the steam. 28 425 NATIONAL ISSUES OF 1916 1-^ § cq Freights. Percentage of Cargo Value 22 and 18 25 and 20 Hi^h rates through this period s Ik o m o 5i 1 o Q II^mIm M M M M mIm 0 1 1 1 |SS |?8^SS^g!o3?o^2fe i^S ' ' 'Oc<i  o o rH l^^ CO c<i c^' (N (N M c^ T-H (^^ M o6 CO T-i r-5 c^ ^i 1 iM M M M 1 1 M 1 M M M 1 £•8 2 'rtH'^l>rt<05>O»Ot^C000i0(NC0OI>OiO{NTHTf< 1 pC<101M0500Cs)(NTjHT:tHi-HC^»OCOOiq(NcqC^OO ' ddd1--^t-^(^^c<i<N(^^c<icoc4THC^(^^cocod'-^r-^ 1  1 Im- ports. Value per Capita. Dollars L0050^i>-coo5Ttio»oo50iaiodo(NQoorHeoo (X)1-HlO(^^^-;C<^c^^^Lq^>eor-^rHcoolq(^jpl>;eort^oq ioi>i>i>i>»ob^>oMi6i>^dcoc5-^'oJc5do6o6'-H ■pH 1-1 l-H T-l 1-1 T-i (M tH T-H tH ^ (N <N 1-1 Ex- ports. Value per Capita. Dollars >OTliT^*(©l>d'^'-H(NiOC01>C^*05C<J>0»OCOCOt>0> Ameri- can Ship- ping _ per Capita. Frac- tions of Tons OrHfMCOrtfiOCOt^OOOSQrH^CO^iOCOJ^-OOgq g:^:^;St>.t-t>.r>-t>-t>-ooooooooo5ooooooooQOoo 426 APPENDIX "C I 1 t3 I §1 I I I CO CO CO »0 lO tH 1-1 ,_( r-< . r-t lilSlllililSlliaii O 05 '^ 00 t^ <^  »0 00 1>(N (M CO lO rH 05 05 rj< Tt<  t^t>.00 CO Ot^ iO(MCOCO(NpOSCOI^ lO |> T-H lO CO rH GO Tjl I OC<>(N I O I OOt-H I <©O(N(MC0O'*C0'* i CO di>i>i--icoi-Hd'T-!dTH'd'dd'rHi-irhddTiHi-ld<Nldl • 'd I I ^ 2ISI M I I I  »0 p t>. p rJH lO 1-j ts. CO dLOl-^o6^>codlo^^dc^'(^ic^c6^0lr^TJ^1-^cocoT-^dddddddo6do6o6^>^d^> Oi00l>.iOI>l>'t^0C00O5O5O5aiO5O5OiOiO5OiO:>O500O5 00OiOi00O500000000l>0000 ■ pi-j-^i>(Npiqo ^copoqlOTl^corJ^poqcopoqco .»ooq il6rHT-Ho6'^dc^dTJ^Ti^^>;o6ddl>TJ^ddd^ou^T)^^'Ilo^^c<^o6d^-^cd^«^ I CO tOI>COI> 00 0000000000 0000 000000 00 O0O0t^l>-l>t^l>»l>O0t^J>l>l>.t>-l>.tN. •^<£)0 00'--tl>'^'-Ht'C^05 05T-iJ>.cO(NOOi-lTtiT-HOOOCOt^O'-HCOTt<i£»OOOOCOt^OOiO i-iOil>-0'*C35T-*COC^l>;(NpcOCOC^COpl>puDt^TiHpTiHiO-r^ppi>(N(NiO i>dc<i'-Hcodr-<codt>do6i>t^o6i>ddiL6ioi^i>di>o6c^*o6t^ddi>i6c^ tH l-t tH I— 1 T-( T-( OClO'*CO»Ort<OOI>.CO(M(NTt<' rMCi>000(M-*OOrHTt<(NiOOO' o6Ti^codddddI>^^d^-^^-^do6ddu5uiloddd^>c»ob^>d^»^•d^oo»Old 000001>-»0(N'^0500»OOOCOC005000l>«0001>COOiCOOOC<l»00005iOOOQOCOCOCO"^ ;:H^^^OT-H05COOa>OOCOcOI>OOOOOi-<l>i-iO'<^<X5^COOSCOCO(M'^Tt<»OCOCO»0 005000000iOOi:OcO»0»0»OiO»OtO' T-iOOO'-tOOOOOOOOOO' ;g8^^SS^§g^^^^^^SSSS i-IC<ICO"<*iOOI>00050T-i(NCOriHiOCOI>0005 0»-iC<ICOTtliOCOI>00050'-<(NCOTfitO ^il35L;S^;ri^i::i;l^J^c^c^(^^(^^c^^(^^(N<N<Ncocococoeococoeoo2 OOOOOOOOOOOO 00 0000 0000 00 0000 00 00 00 000000 OOOO 00000000000000000000000000 427 NATIONAL ISSUES OF 1916 (MCO §1111=^=' 1— I T-( I i o o o <1 PQ o I a Ph 2^ 52 :5 i. 2 I I I OOCOr-HrH I O o i> g? •'ti <N CO Tfi -^ti lo "^ I CD p -fl^ CO CO CO "^ O o I »H c5 T-1 lo c<i CO CO <N OCOCO 05 OS t^ TjH lo 00 I y-* dcNod ' d 131 M O  CO ddddddd rt<  T-H O >-i (N (N CO (N <M ddddddd t^C0»-lb-»-lOC0C0C0rHt>.05rH00rtllO Tt^COTttCOCOiOCOTttiOCOCOfNiOrJJiOCO MINI 9* • £ i2 ^P e-i 2 1-1 r^ CO CO '-t CO »o o CO TtH 00 _ _ _ .. IC CO CO (N (M lO  Oi(Nt^'«*<CO OOi COiOO' I lO CO lO CO 00 CO i 00 CO "* Tt< Tji t^ T-HCOrHCOKOCJlOr-lfMrHC^IOSOSOC^rHOOOOOt^COlOt^lOCSldlO ' ' COCOCO(M(NCOC<JCOCOCOCO(MrHT-l(N(N(N<Mi-Hi-lrHr-4T-lrHrH,-HT-HrH O5(MC0COrHO5Tr<(NCO O5i>cqoqr>cqt-;ri<b*(x>cqt^cooq'<^'^, t^cD(NN;cop(NrHt^r>.<N»o i i ■r*^l>I(NcitO"^*COt6cO(Nl>c6cOC<icOrtHCOCOC<ii-HrH05do6o6o6^ I I COCOCO(MC<J(NCN|(NCM(M-HrHrHrHrHTHrHrHrHTHrH COOO»OCOO»0(Ni-iCOOO(MrHC<lOOCOOOt-Cil>.iOOOlOCOOrH(:0 pC<Ji-^'^'*C<|rHOl|>.rHrHe0lC00tOrHC^_pt>^prHI©tNCOO5Cq rHrHcou^»ocociddoio5coc<icococ^'o'rHrHC<ic<ioicoc<ic<iddd I I a S o O 0000(NT+<rHO00t^0iO"^C0C0OTt<00rHr}<OO^<5C<|i0Ot::.Qp u:)T-lTH05lo^'pa3c3icOlOcotoc<^coTt^(^^oq(^^prHpc)Ot>l>pp"* l>^drHd(^ico1-3rH(^iTJ^Tt^d^^'^*uocoeorHC<^rH(^ic6colOC^^ rHrHi-HrHrHrH,— ItHt-It-ItHi— IrHrHrHi—lT-trHi^rHi— trHrHi— IrHrHi— I I I l^COlOb'COt^OOCDrHCDOC-KNCilOrHCO-HlXMCOb-'^gSC^rHOOlO OSl^'*eOCO(MTJ^r*^TJ^eOOCO^OfOCOCO(^^^^COlOlOrt^lOT^^COCOrHT-^ co(^oeococo(^ocococococo(^^(Nc<^(Nc^(^^•rHr-l,-l1-^^TH^rH^rHrH OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OSO'--'C<ICO"*>OCOb»QOOO'-tC<ICOrJ^iOCOb-OQOiOrHC<JCO'«^»CCOt;;-GOO>i cot^b-t^t>'i>t>b-t>»b-t^oooooooooooooooQooooo50505a>g5aig>oc50i O0O000O0O0O000O0O0O0O0O0O0O000O0O000O000O000000O0OO0000O000OC3OI 429 INDEX Acceptances, 233 liability, 224 Adams, John, 37, 396 letter to Jay, 280 Administration, mania of, 418 America for Americans, 15 Appendices, 421, 424, 426 Appropriations, republican, 63 democratic, 64 Aristotle, 53 Atlantic, our responsibility in, 392 B Bagehot, Walter, 228 Ballin, Herr, 334 Bank Act, American, 113 national importance of, 178 of 1844, 135 principle of, exploded, 164 Bank, capital, object of, 226 duty of, 231 examinations, 203 First U. S., 166 notes compared, 190 of England, 190 of New Castle, 150 public institutions, 226 reserve of, 227 resources, 136 Second U. S., 169 unit of, 206 United Reserve, how created, 240 Banking, cooperative, 225 departmental, 205 foreign, 258 individual, influence of, 216 Interstate Commerce, 231 Scotch system, 219 several functions, 204 soundest system of, 214 Banking system, American, 135 commercial, 199 periods of, 146 question not discussed, 145 savings, 200 Trust business, 201 Barber, James, 286 Bates, W. H., 324 Bates, W. H., on underwriting, 329 Battle-fields, footprints of history, 7 Benton, Thomas H., 342 Bismarck, 31, 264, 268, 402 Bismarck and Colbert, 390 Blaine, James G., 318 Boston gives relief, 49 Boy Scouts, 13 Bradbury of Massachusetts, 285 Bryan, W. J., 80 Buchanan, James, 28 California, Gulf of, 402 Canadian Banks, 170 Carranza, 76 Carthage, 398 Cash, demands for, vary, 196 Chadwick, Admiral, 395 Chamber of Commerce, 413 Chamberlain, E. T., 408 Children, employment of, 104 China, 85 Citizens of nation, 3 Civil Service, 84 Civil War, banking contribution of, 146 Civil War, Great Britain in our, 313 Civilization, power necessary to, 9 Clark, Champ, 343 Clay, Henry, 282 Clearing House, 207, 208 organization of, 209 period, 146 powers of, 213 rules of, 212 431 NATIONAL ISSUES OF 1916 Cleveland, Grover, 33, 364 Colbert, 389 Commerce, balance of, 373 foreign, 198, 370 Constitution, 19, 269 Confederate, 29 Consul at Hamburg, 383 Cooper, Fenimore, 403 Council, common, 46, 70 Credit Currency, a deposit, 222 amount of, how determined, 182 cheapest, 183 expansion and contraction, 179 expense of, 185 how created, 153 in Canada, 170 life of, 181 principle old, 160, 182 safety of, 155, 221 strength of, 184 Cromwell, Oliver, 265 Cunard, Samuel, 309 Currency, best kind, 149 D Davis, Jefferson, 28 Democratic platform, 36 deficit, 62 promises, 88 Democrats, 65 Dingley Bill, 116, 125 Dollar, Robert, 415 E Edison, T. A., 50 Eliot, Charles W., 403 Elkins, S. B., 385 Embargo, 303 England, bad faith of, 284 Europe, war in, 7 Expansion, over, not due to credit currency, 158 Exports, 69 Farmers, greatest losers, 355 rights of, 188, 220 Federal Reserve Bank Act, 57, 58, 60 criticized, 253 directors, 138 German law, 192 indefensible, 144 notes legal tender, 253 vs. Fowler Bill, 139 Finance, Court of, 244 Fitz Simmons, 375 Flag, 1, 16, 73 Foreigner pays the tax, 68 Foreign interests, interference of, 377 Fowlex, C. N., 258, 346 prophecy of present war, 6 speech on Tariff Commission, 116 war based on trade, 6 France bank charter, 165, 166 Frederick the Great, 356 Free Trade, Act of 1893, 32 countries having, 19 origin of, 23 Fund, guarantee, 156 Gamboa, 75 General Appraisers, Board of, 128 General welfare, 238 Geographical consideration, 136 Germany, banlc of, 135 representatives of, 131 on sea, 401 Gladstone, William E., 19 Glass Bill vs. Fowler Bill, 140 Globe, New York, 50 Gold standard, 143 alone money, 195 Gompers, Samuel, 35 Government, duty of, 188 founded on force, 9 founders of, 20 revenues, disposition of, 249 Great Britain, amount of sub- sidies, 318 bad faith of, 284 during Civil War, 313 first shipping act, 264 freight carried, 1830-1840, 308 in 1940, 354 influence in shipping, 400 loan to Cunard Co., 322 maritime position, 305 methods of, 268 per cent of traffic, 346 protects her free trade, 314 second shipping act, 265 sharp practice, 305 shipping tonnage, 368 subsidies and subventions, 316 Gresham's Law, 191 H Hale, Nathan, 13 Hallock, James C, 208 432 INDEX Hamilton, Alexander, 23, 39, 268 Lind, John, 75 banking principles of, 146 Lloyds Register in U. S., 330 importance of preparedness, 6 Loss by Federal Reserve Act, 151, Harrison, Benjamin, 31 Hay, John, 90 Hay-Pauncefote, 90 Hawaii, 353 Heaton, J. H., 321 Hill, Charles S., 328 Hill, David B., 33 Hoar, G. F., 295 HoUand, 400 Homestead Act, 215 Hood, Capt. John, 392 Huerta, 75 Humboldt, 396 Himiphrey, W. E., 332 Huxley, 105 I Ijuim, Hon. H., 350 Impressment, 303 Independence, local, 136 Indian, American, 10 Indiana, bank of, 172 Industries, diversity of, 102 lyenaga, T., 352 Jackson, Andrew, 24, 308 Japan, 10 in 1940, 353 on the sea, 401 Jefferson, Thomas, 38, 132, 275 against foreign influence, 370 on navigation, 391 report on shipping privilege, 275 Jevons, W. Stanley, 228 Jones, John Paul, 12 K Kambe, Prof. Masao, 347 Kentucky, banks of, 171 King, Rufus, 278, 284, 380 Knickerbocker Hotel, 49 Knox, John Jay, 169 Labor, law, child, 4 La FoUette Bill, 416 Laut, A. C, 331 Ledger, Philadelphia, 345 Lincoln, Abraham, 20, 53, 100, 114, 115 sense of justice, 107 154, 157 Louisiana, 87 banks of, 171 Low, A. A., 316 M Madison, James, 39, 270, 276, 277, 280 Mahan, Alfred, 382, 393 on Colbert, 390 MaUory, S. R., 342, 343 Markets, American, 101 control of, 258 Merchant marine, 22, 72, 109, 111 American, 257, 367 and navy, 387 cost of building, 369 essential to defence, 379 established, 271 financial advantage, 372 government owned, 410 how to build, 406 purchase of ships for, 406 what constitutes, 367 Mexico, 7, 73, 402 American citizens in, 79 Military training, 13, 14 Mill, John Stuart, 162, 381 Missouri, banks of, 174 Monetary Bill, 138 Monetary system, 248 Money, amount of in United States, 147 "Blue Pup," etc., 221 what constitutes, 147 Monroe Doctrine, 79 Monroe, James, 6 Morey, United States Consul, 327 Mc McAdoo, Wilham G., 67 McGregor, secretary British Board of Trade, 315 McKinley, William, 35, 122, 340, 341 Bill, time for, 127 McLeod, Henry D., 161, 234 McMaster, John B., 302 N 433 Nails, wire, 68 Napoleon, 303 NATIONAL ISSUES OF 1916 Nationality, American, 10, 19 vital, 10, 16 Nations, boundary fixed, 10 causes of decline, 11, 12 death of, 9 most favored, 132 our greatest weakness, 14 Navigation Commissioner, 384 Navy, 110 New Orleans, 59 Niblack, A. B., 393 Nicholas of Virginia, 371 Norsemen, 398 Republican, first tariff platform, 29 party, return of, 99 platform of 1896, 340 surplus, 43 Reserves, importance of, 229 United National, 230 Resources, our greatest, 102 Richelieu, 389 Rochambeau, 396 Rome, destruction of, 11 Root, Elihu, 129 S Notes, form of Zone, 245 government and bank, not Salisbury, Lord, 344 money, 148 O Oath, Congressional, 54 Ohio, banks of, 172 Okuma, Count, 352 Opportunities lost, 382 Pacific, responsibility in, 393 Panama Canal, 89 Democratic platform on, 89 rules of, 90 Parton, James, 22, 168 Patriotism, 16 Peace 8 Peel, Sir Robert, 161, 162 Pension Law, Widows', 5 People, condition of, in 1783, 41 Phcenicia, 397 Pilgrims, 18 Policy, national, 404 Portugal, 399 Post, New York, 52 Preamble of first act, 22 Principles followed reviewed, 250 Problems, new, 104, 106 Prosperity, 1896-1912, 35 Protection, Thomas Jefferson on, 99 result of, 103 German commandments on, 100 William McKinley on, 99 Public schools, 215 Raleigh, Sir Walter, 264, 402 Reciprocity treaties, 129 Redfield, Secretary, 407 Reforms demanded, 144 San Francisco, 417 Schools, public, 3, 13 Sea power depends on seamen, 382 in history, 395 registration of, 396 Sectionalism, 60 Sewing-machines, 87 Ship Purchase Bill, 55, 65, 419 Shipping, American attack on, 266 Act of 1828, 291 Declaration of Independence on, 267 decline of, 284 decline of, from 1830-1910, 292 East Indies, 288 first and second protective acts, 272, 273 law of 1794, 278 laws vindicated, 299 rival condition, 299 steam development of, 296 superiority in United States, 299 United States Constitution on, 269 Ships, building of, 259 cliDDf^r 2Q ^ in United States in 1770, 267 who benefited by, 360 not needed South American trade, 69 Smith, Adam, 320 Soley, J. R., 289 South America, 70 South, States of, 40 popular government in, 82 Spain, 399 Steamship, advent of, 293 first Atlantic trip, 296 in 1838, 297 Stone, N. This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. llJan'52LU 'JUN25 i^C D LD J UN 2 8 1963 my? '64-jJm 21 J3W87 MI\R13'67-10PM LD 21-100m-9,'48,^ LOAN DE L76 J\iL^9"f^ "^>. •^^ S528426 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY. 