None
etc.. 433-50 1 C'hile and Bolivia and the Ataoama Guano District. 433-436 Bolivian Claims. lS4;i-64, 431-4;'.5 Treaty Ix-tween Bolivia and Chile. I'M",!-.. 435-436 Bad Faith of Bolivia, 1S71, 436 S-cret Coin|>act betwet-n I'erii and Bolivia, 1S73, 436. 411. .M7 Treaty between Bolivia and Chile. 1n7«, 436-437. 440 Peruvian Intrigues. 437-138. .^.1.') Export Duty on Nitrate of Soila. 1><78. JUS Chdian Ultimatum. Jan. 3. 1879, 438 OccuiMition of Antofagasta. etc., by Chilians. Feb. 1»79, 439, 44(1- 4 47, 519 Bolivian Det-Iarntion of War against Chile, Mar, 1, 1879, 43y. no, 441 IVnivian Proposal of Arbitration, «39-lJ0 Tin- Bolivian Army, 445 Cnlama captuntl by Chilians, Mar. -'■'.. IS 79. 447-448 Battle of Tttcna, May 26. 1879, 408- 471 Battle of Arlca. June 7. 1879, 47'2- 473 Bolivia and the Chilian Demands. l>-0. 4>>0-481 Truce (Pacto de Tn-gua) lietwecn Chile pnd Bolivia, Apr. 4. 18S|, 3.32. 500-503 ; raUficd. Nov. 29, 1S.S4. .50:K504. .557 Bolivia and Peru, and the Chilian Occujiation of Taena and Ariea, 403-404, 407, 46S-47.i, 4M, 498. 502. 529, 556 Peruvian Intrigues and Bolivian Export Duties in Atacama, 4.36-439 The Chilian Occupation of .\tacania and the Nitrate Industry lost to Boh via, 437. 517. 556-566 INDEX 685 Bnl i via — ronfinued The Guano Deposits, eU'. — coniinnrd Bolivia, Chile, and Peril, and the ChiUan Occupation of Tarapaca, 4_'1-1'22, r<16 Argentina and the Bolivian Question with Chile : in 1SS8. r/ol-:>'>% ; in 1891, .'■.58; in 1S93-96, 559 Dispute with Chile as to Seaport, 19«0, 562 Other References to the ChiUan- Peruvian War, etc., see under Chile, IVni Political Conditions before 1879, 555 Conservatives and Liberals, 555 HiUrioii Daza, President, 438, 459-460, 4Gii. r.r.5 President Daza deposed, 1879, 556 Temporary Administration, n5t» Gen. Narcisco Cainpcro, President, 1880, 556-557 I^w of Constitution, Oct. 28, 1880, 55t>-557 NcKofiations with Chile, 1881, 557 Seiior Paeheco, I'resident, 18S4, 557 Senor Arce, President. 1SS8. 557 Argentina and the Bolivian Question with Chile, 18.S8. 557-55S Treaty between Bolivia and Argentina, 1891, 55s Indian Outbre»ik, 1891, r.58 Col. Camus of Chile in Bolivia, Mar. IMU, WuCi Bolivia and the Revolution in Chile, May is'.t], 363 Senor Baptistii, President, 1892, 559 Argentin.i luid the Bolivian Question with Chile, lS93-18;t6. 559 Severo Fernandez. Alonzo, President, 1S96, 55!t-5<)0 Insurnvtion of the Liberal Party under Col. Pando, ls98-99, r.i'.Q-r.Ol Provisional Government under Col- Pando. ISD'.i, 560 Col. Pando, Chief Magistrate. 561 The Piino de Ataeama Dispute between Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile: in 1898. in-U-j; in 1899, 113-114; in 19(10, 407 Dispute with Chile as to Seaport, 1900, 562 The Acre Territory Dispute between Brazil and Bolivia settled, 1903, 308, 561-562 The Constitution. 556-557 National Capital. 562-563 Political Situation, 563-564 Cities of Bolivia. 566 Topographical Features, 567 Population, 564-566 Bolivia — continued Stories of Indian Atrocities, 564-565 Indian Traits, 568-569, 571 Language, 567 Education. 569-570 .\dministration of Justice. 570 National Character, 570-571 Railways and Transport, 571-572 Agriculture and Industries. 573-575 Mineral Wealth. 574-575. 657, 673 Financial Situation. 575-576 Future Prospects. 576 Bolivia Tonlay, 656-657, 673 Bolognesi, Col. Francisco, Peruvian Commander, 471 Bonaparte, Joseph, and the Spanish Crown, 19, 20 Borax : in Chile, 424-425 ; in Peni. 550 Borax Consolidated (Syndicate), 550 Borda. Juan Idiarte. President of Uruguay. 215-221 Assassination of Borda, 220-221, 226 Borgado. Priest. 173 Borgono, Col., Vice-President of Peru, 1890, 525-526 Borrero, President, of Ecuador, 578-579 Bover. Gen., in Venezuela, 21 Boyaci, Colombia, 595 Brazil : Early History. 12-15 A Spanish Colony, 12 Portugese Action, 12 Bahia, &c. . under Spanish Rule, 12 Holland in possession of Bahia, &c., 13 Portuguese Authority re-established, 1649, 13 French Attacks on Rio de Janeiro, 1710 and 1711, 13 Joao VI. of Portugal and the Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Alagarres, 1808-15, 14-15 Pedro I., 1822, 14 Independence recognised, 1825, 14 Boundary Dispute between Bolivia and Brazil, 1864, 136 The Paraguayan War, 1865-1870, 130- 195 : Strained Relations between Uru- guay and Brazil and the Mission of Conselheiro Saraiva to Uruguay, 131-132 Adm. Tamandare and the Uru- guayan Warship Villa del Salto on the River Uruguay, 132 Brazil and the Revolt in Uruguay under Gen. Flores, 132 Paraguayan Declaration of War against Brazil, 1864. 135 Invasion of Matto Grosso by Para- guayans, 1864, 135-137, 148 686 INDEX Brazil — eonlinwA The Parai^uayan War — continued Capture of Paysandii by Brazilians, Jan. -1, IS'if., 133 Alliance between Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay against Paraguay, May 1, 1.H65, 139 Naval Battle on the lliachuclo River and defeat of Paniguayans, June 11, 1S65, 143 Invasion of Uio Grande by Para- guayans, 141 Paraguayan Occupation of Uru- guayana, Sept. IS, 1865 140- 147 The Lopez Administration in Matto Grosso, 148 Decision of Brazil and Allied Forces to invade Paraguay, 1.'>1 Disaster to the liii <U) Janeim, Aug. ISGG, l.'.7-l.'')8 Brazilian Victory at Curuzii, Aug. isr.G, i57-ir.8 The Situation in Matto Grosso, 16'J Other Uefcrcnces to the War in Paraguay, sec under Para- guay. Brazil after tlie Paraguayan War, 231 -'.'32 Pedro II., Kmperor, 1840-S9, 14-l.^. 232-244 Princess Isabel and tlie Condc d'Ku. 234-240 Positivism and Republican Principles, 235 Sao Paulo and the Republican Move- ment, 235-2311, '243. 2\\, 24ti, 251, •-'54 Revolt in Rio Grande do Sul, 1S78, 235-236 Development of Brazil, 236 Pedro's Visits to Kurope, 232, 236 Princess Isabel, U<g< lit. 236-240 Emancipation of Slaves, 2:'>7--38 Sao Paulo and tlie Slavery Question, •J37-210 Sedition, 239-240 Return of Pedro, 1888, 240 Vizconde de Ouro Preto's Administra- tion, 241 Military Conspiracy under Gen. Dcodoro (la ponseca and Gcii. Ploriaiio Peixoto. 212-1' i;? Deposition of Pi-dro aiul Hci)ublicaii Form of Government established. 1889, 243-244 Separation of Church and State, 1890, 245 Law of New Constitution passed 1891, 245-249 Brazil — rnntinuul Gen. Deodoro da Fonseca, President, 1891, 246-256 Gen. Floriano Peixoto, Vice-President, 246-2.^6 The United SUtes of Brazil, 246 Praetorian Administration, 244, 2.M Manifestoes condemning Federal Authoritii'S and accusing Presi- dent da Fonse<-a. 2.''>1 The Chambers dissolved, and Martial Law established, Nov. 3, IM'I, 252-254 Rising in Rio Grande do Sul against the Government, 255-256 Naval Revolt in Rio de Janeiro, 255- 256 Resignation of President da Fonseca, ism, 256 Gen. Floriano Peixoto, President, 1891. 256-288 Abrogation of the Decree of Nov. 3, 2.'. 7 Article 42 of the Constitution, 257, 258 Deposition of the Governors of Matto Grosso, Amaconas, and Ci*ar.i, 258 Military l)<spotism, 258 Dr Julliode C^istilhus m Rio Grande *lo Sul. 259 lU-sifirnation of Adm. C de Mello and Dr S. Corrt-n. 259 Revolt in Rio Grande do Sul under Guim-rciiulo Sjiniiva. 259 Adm. W.uulcnkolk. Leader of In.sur- nvtion, 259 Naval Revolt under Adm. C. de Mello. 1893, 260-266 Adm. Mrllo's Manifesto, 260 Martial Ijiw, 262 Warships of the Insurgents, 263 Boiul^irdment of Rio de Janeiro, 264 Kxpcilition to the .So.itii. 264 Provisicmal Ciovernmcnt at iX-sterro with CapL Lorcna as President, 1893. •_'65-286 Fort Villcgajgnon in revolt, 266 Explosion at (iouvemador, 266 Atlm. de Mello at Desterro, 265. 266 Adm. S. da C>ama in Command of R.-lx-l Forces. 265, 266-2>s3 Civil War. Div. 1893. 267 Till- Govcrnm.iit Flotilla. 268 Firing against the liebcl Squadron, 2<)9, 2/9 Fighting at Gouvemador and Mo- cimgJie, 269 The Insurgents as Belligerents, 271 Adm. de Mello at Desterro, 1894, 271 INDEX 687 Brazil — continued Gumercinrlo Saraiva in the North, 271 Adm. de Mcllo's Expedition with the Itf>pufilira and seizure of Para- na^u.'i, 273 Occupation of Curityba and Lapa by IlebeLs, 27:3 IVixoto's Plan of Campaign, 274 Attempt of Ilebels to capture the Armarao, 27r>-27') U.S. Adm. Sbiunton and Adm. de Mello, 27tJ U.S. Adm, Benham and tlie Revolt, 277 Situation of Rebels, 277-278 Adm. dc Mello and the Jtfiftublica and the AtjuiiLihan, 278-280 Loss of the Ven^u, 279 Reb<-I Coimcil of War. 279-280 Adm. da Ciama and Insurgents con- veyed by Portuguese Warships to Neutral Territory. 2><0-2.h1 Diplomatic Relations between Portugal and Hra/.il broken off. 281 Knd of the Revolt in Rio de Janeiro, 2.s0-2'<l. 28.VJ84 I ncident of the Siritu, 281 Adm. de M<llo at Curityba. 2S4-2Sf. Insurgent Troops landed in Uruguay and Rebel Ships delivered to Argentine Authorities, 285-286 Naval Expedition against Desterro, 286 Capt Lorena and Insurgents shot, 286-287 P>en«'h Victims and Indemnity to France. 287 l>eath of Gumercindo Saraiva, 287 Revolution trushcd, 288 Amnesty to Rebels. 189ri, 289 Outbrea'k at Military School. 290 Diplomatic Relations resumed with Portugal. 290 Revolt in Rio Grande do Sul against Governor Castilhos led by Aparieio Saraiva and Adm. da Gania. 290- 293 Peace in Rio Grande do Sul, 292-293 England and Trinidade. 292 Claims of Italian Residents, 293 Financial Legislation, 293 Temporary Retirement of President Moraes and Dr Victorino Pereira, Acting-President, 1896, 294 Brazil — continued Return of President Moraes, 1897, 296 Antonio Maeiel or Antonio Conselheiro and the Jagun^-o Settlement at Canudos, 296 Expedition under Col, Moreira against .Canudos, 1897, 298 Repulse of Col. Moreira, 298 Riots in Rio de Janeiro, 299 Second Expedition under Gen, Oscar against Canudos, 299-302 Jacobino Riot in Rio de Janeiro, 302 Murder of Gen. Bittencourt, Minister of War, 3(13 Conspiracy against President Moraes, 303-304 Dr Manuel Campos Salles, President, 1898, .304-308 Dr Rosa V.. Silva, Vice-President, 304 Critical Financial Situation, 30.'» Condition of Brazil, 1894 and 1898, 306 Brazil and the Chilian Revolution, 1891, 361-362 Boundary Dispute between Bolivia and Uruguay, 1891, 191 The Misiones Dispute with Argentina, l.'j". 245, settled in favour of Brazil. 1895. 109, 112, 116, 289 The Aniapa Question with French Guiana. 1899, 307 Visit of President Roca of Argentina to Brazil. 1899, 116, 307 Commercial Treaty between Argen- tina and Brazil, 307 Visit of President Salles to Buenos Aires in 1900, 118-119 Fiscal Legislation, 307 Bubonic Plague, 308 Dr Rodriguez Alves, President, 1902, 308 The Acre Territory Dispute between Brazil and Bolivia settled, 1903, 308. 561-562 Economic Conditions, 305-307, 308- 309, 651 Population, 309-310 German Settlements, 235-236, 310 Portuguese in Brazil, 311 National Character of Brazilians, 311 F^ducation. 312-313 Adtuinistration of Justice, 313 BcUo Horizonte, 314 Railways and Transport, 236, 315-317 Telegraph Service, 316 Coffee, 667 Rubber, 663 Brazil, Dr Assis, of Brazil, 255 Brown, Adm., U.S. Commander, 391-392 Bubonic Plague in Brazil, 308 688 INDEX Buchanan, Minister, and the Chilian Boundary Dispute in 1^90, 113 Buendia, Gen. Boli\ian Commander. 468, 470-471, 475 President of Bolivia, ISSO. 556-557 C^mpo Grande. Paniguay. 185 C^impo Osorio. Rio Grande do Sul, 291 Campos. Col. Julio, in Buenos Aires, 45, 50, 54. 58 Camus, Col. Herm6gencs, of Chile, 355- 356, 373 C^na Indians, 16 Canabe Uiver, 174. 175, 177 C'.'tndami). Manuel. President of Peni. 1903, 529 Other Refenm-e, 527 Candelaria, 137 Cjinelones, Uniffnny, 203 Cannevaro. Gen.. 141. 147 Canning. George, referred to, 24, 26 C<uis«'<o. Gen.. Leader of Revolt.s in Peni, 506, 508. 5 10-:, 11 Provisional President of IVni. 511 C'jinseco, LieuL Diaz, PiTu\'ian Naval Commander, ls79, 454 Canteme. Gen., in Peni, 23 Canto, Gen. Kstanislao, of Chile, 358, 36S. 370-379 Cantuaria, Gen., of Braxil, 209 Canudos, Bntzil, and the Ja^invofi, 296- 302 Canihnva. Peni, 549-5.'i0 Gtnilvillii, Gen. Kmncisco, Commander in the Paraguayan War, 177 I/cader of Revolt in Uniguay, 199 Comm.inder of Tro<»ps ngiiinst lUanco Reviilubon in I'niguny, 200-201 Cjinil>ob(). N'enezuela, 22. 629 Caracas, Venezuela, 20. 619. 620, 624, 633. 635 C-aracoIrs, ,\ta<Tima District, Chile. 447 Carbajal, Cjipt. Manuel, Peruvian Naval Commander, 456 Carelmanii. Chile. 334 Carillo. .luan, of Bolivia, 480 Carlos IV. of Sjwiin. 19 Carlos V. . 536 Caro, Miguel,- President of Colombia. 1894, 599 Carrrros, .Seftor, 173 Carrillo, Capt. Camilo, of Peni, 40.. Girrillo, Major Lucas, in the Paraguayan War, ISO Carriz;il, Chile. 454 Cartagena, Colombia. 22. .'>97 Casal. l)r Barros. of Brazil. 255 Casas. Padre, quoted. 6 Castelli in Argentina. 24 Castilhos, OipL. Portuguese Naval Com- mander, 280-281 INDEX 689 Castilhos, Julho de. Governor of Rio Grande do Sul, 255, 259, 290-291 Castilla, Gen. , leader of Revolt in Peru, 1866, 510 President of Peru, -'9. 30, 506 Castillo, CoL Romualdo, assassinated, 205 Castro, President, of Venezuela, 189'.* and 1902, 630-031, 675 Castro, Gen. Enrique, in Uruguay, 203, 211 Ca-stro. Col. Gcntil de. of Brazil, 299 Catamarca, Argentina, 117 Catholic Church : The Inquisition, 4, f.JO Catholicistn in South America, 7, 9 ; in Argentina, 125-126 ; in Uruguay, 227 ; in Hrazil, 236, 2 15 ; in Chile, 417; in Peru, 537; in Bolivia, 671 ; in Iv-uador, .'»>7 ; m Colotii- bia, 609-610 ; in V'enczurla, 637- 63H Question of Separation of Church and Sbitc in Chile, 1884, 336, 337 Cattle-Farming, etc. : In Aru'cntina, 128, 665; u> Uruguay, 2J'^ ; in Cliile, 430 ; in Pcrii, 547-54 s ; in Colombia, 612-613; in Venezuela. 640-611; in the River Plate Republics, 651-652 Cauca, Colombia, 594, 600, 613 C^iuta, IVni, 489 Cautin, Chile, 424 Cavalcanti, K. de B. de I.4K'erdn, of Brazil, 362, 3S7 Caxia.s. Marshal, of Brazil, in the Para- guayan War, 160-188 Cayambi, Kcuador, 585 Cjivpam, Brazil, 302 Cear.i. Brazil, 25S C'elman, I)r Marcos Juarez, 49, 83 Celman, Dr Miguel Juarez, Carulidate for the Presidency of Argen- tina. 66 I'nsidcnt of Argentina, 69-86 R(Ka and Celman, 71-72 Celman's Mal-.\dniini.stration, 72-86 The Union Civica and Revolt against Celman, 75-86 Other References, 49, 52 Ceh)sa, Chile, 355 Celso, Alfonso, of Brazil, 299 Cemeteries freed in Chile, 332, 336 Cerda, Senor, y Ossa, of Santiago, Chile, 385 Cerro Colorado, Uruguay, 219 Cerro I^irgo. Uruguay, 203 Cerro Let'm, Paraguay, 13.5-141 Cerro de Pasco, Peni. 5J8-549, 550, 5.52 Cerros Blancos, Uruguay, 219 [661 Chacabuco, Chile, 25 Chacahnro, Chilian Corvette, 327, 442 Chalaca, Peruvian Transport, 493 Chanaral, Chile, 364, 454 Chanca Indians, 16 Chancay, Peru, 478-479 Chanchamayo, Peru, 547 CharleMon, U.S. Cruiser, 277, 360 Charras, Col., 55 Chiclayo, Peru, 479 Chile: Revolution, 1809, 21 The Separatist Movement, 1810, 25 Spanish Rule rc-estiblished, 1H13, 25 Royalists defeated at Chacabuco, 1817, 25 Government under Gen. O'Higgins, 1818, 25, 30 Royalist Victory at Concha Rayada, 1818. 25 Defeat of Royalists at Maypii, Apr. 3, 1879, 438-439 Occupation of Antofagasta, etc., by Chilians, Feb. 1879, 439, 446- 447, 519 Bolivian Declaration of War against Chile, Mar, 1, 1879, 439, 440, 441 Peruvian Proposal for Arbitration, 439-440 Chilian Declaration of War against Peni, Apr. 5, 1879. 440-441, 520 The Chilian Fleet, 442-444 Military Forces, 444-446 Capture of Calama, Mar. 23, 447- 448 Chile — continued The Guano Deposits, etc. — continued Occupation of Tocopilla and Cobija, 448 Blockade of Iquique, 448 Bombardment of risagua, 449 Naval Action off Iquique, May 20 ; and Loss of the Esmeralda, 450- 453 Peruvian Reprisals, 453-454 Capture of the Huascar, Peruvian Warship, Oct 8, 454, 457 Capture of the Pilcomayo from Peru- vians. Nov. 17. 457 Invasion of Tarapaca, Oct, 458-460 Battle of Pisagua. Nov. 2, 460-461 Occupation of Junin, 461 Skirmish near Agua Santa, Nov. 6, 461-462 Battle at San Francisco, Dolores, Nov. 16, 462-164 Occupation of Iquique, Nov. 20, 464 Battle of Tarapaca, Nov. 27, 465- 467 Invasion of Tacna and Arica, Feb. 1880, 468-470 Battle of Tacna, May 26, 470-471 Battle of Arica, June 7, 472-473 Blockade of Callao, 1880, 475-479, 483 Loss of the Janeqneo, May 25, 477 Loss of the Loa, July 3, 478 Loss of the Covadonqa, 478-479 Bombardment of Chorillos, etc., 479-480 Efforts of the United States for Peace, Oct. 1880, and Confer- ence on the Lackawana, 480- 481 Chilian Demands rejected, 481 Preparations for A(ivance to Lima, 481-485 Occupation of Pisco and Yea. Nov 1S80, 482 Naval Action at Callao. Dec. 6, 483 Battle of Chorillos, Jan. 13, 1881, 48.5-487 Fighting on Moro Solar, Jan. 13, 487 Armistice, Jan. 15, 488 Battle of Miraflores, Jan. 15, 488- 489, .522 Occupation of Lima, Jan, 16. 489- 500 Vandalism of Chilians in Lima, 490- 493 Adm. Patricio Lynch. Commander in Peru, 493-497 Capture of Arequipa, Aug. 1883, 496 INDEX 691 Chile — continued The Guano Deposits, etc. — continued Treaty of Peace (Treaty of Ancon) between Chile and Peru, Oct. 20, 1883, 497-500 ; ratified, May 8, 1884, 332, 403, 407, 500, 523, 529 Evacuation of Lima, Oct 22, 1883, 500 Truce (Pacto de Tregua), Apr. 4, 1884, between Chile and Bolivia, 500-503 ; ratified, Nov. 29, 1884, 332, 503-504 ^ Bolivia and Peru and the Chilian Occupation of Tacna and Arica, 403-404, 407, 468-473, 481, 498, 502, 529, 556 Chilian Occupation of Atacama, 437, 517, 555-556 Chilian Occupation of Tarapaca, 414, 420-423, 437, 480, 498, 516-517, 520 Argentina and the Bolivian Question with Chile : in 1888, 557-558 ; in 1891, 558 ; in 1893-96, .^)59 Bolivian Dispute with Chile as to Seaport, 1900, 562 Other References to the War, see under Bolivia, Peni Domingo Santa Maria, President, 1881, 331-333, 335, 336 Congressional Elections, 1882, 1885, 332-333, 336 Jose Manuel Balmaceda in Chilian Politics, 1851-86, 333-337 The Reform Party and La Libertad, 334 Programme of the Reform Party, 1875, 334, 336 Civil Registry, 332, 336 The Civil Marriage Law, 332, 336 The Freeing of Cemeteries, 332, 336 Question of Separation of Church and State, 1884, 336, 337 Jose Manuel Balmaceda, President, 1886, 332-382, 387-389 The Cabinet, Oct. 1886, 338 The Cabinet, Nov, 1886, 338 The Cabinet, June 1887-Apr. 1888, 339 Congressional Elections, Mar. 1888, 339 Ten Cabinets, Apr. 1888-Oct 1890, 340 Argentina and the Bolivian Question with Chile, 1888, 557-558 Conflict between President and Con- gress, 1889-90, 341-344 The Comisidn Conservadora, 1890, 342- 344, 398 Treaty between Bolivia and Argentina, 1891, 558 Chile — continued Pretext for Revolt, Jan. 1891, 343 Preparations for Rebellion, 345 Naval Revolt, 345 Occupation of Coquimbo and Serena, 347 Fighting at Pisagua, 347 Attitude of the President, 347 Serena and Coquimbo reoccupied by Government Troops, 348 The Act of Deposition published in the Heraldo, Jan. 7, 349 Surrender of Pisagua to Congres- sionalists, Feb. 6, 349-350 Fight near Dolores and Defeat of Gen. Robles, Feb. 15, 350-351 Congressionalist Defeat at Huara, Feb. 16, 351 Occupation of Iquique, Feb. 16, 351- 352 Attempt to recapture Iquique and Intervention of Adm. Hotham, Feb. 19, 352 Gen. Robles defeated at Pozo Almonte, Mar. 7, 353-354 Arica, Tacna, and Tarapaca in posses- sion of Revolutionists, 354 Occupation of Antofagasta, Mar. 20, 355 Occupation of Calama, Mar. 29, 356 Occupation of Caldera, Apr. 22, 356 The Blanco Encalada torpedoed, Apr. 23, 357 Treatment of Suspected Persons, 358 Financial Difficulties, 358 Provisional Government on Junta de Gobierno under Capt. Jorge Montt, 358 The Itata Incident, June, 359-360, 391 Peace Conference at Santiago, May 5, 360-362 Attempted Assassination of the Presi- dent, 362 The Condell and the Lynch and the Case of Richard Cumming, 363- 364 Sympathy with Revolution abroad, 364-365 The Congressionalist Army, 365-366 The President's Attitude to the Revolu- tionists, 366-368 Massacre of Lo Cafias, Aug. 19, 367 Landing of Congressionalists at Quin- teros, Aug. 18, 368-370 Strength of the Revolutionary Array and of the Balmacedists, 370 Battle of Concon, Aug. 21, 371-373 Advance on Vina del Mar, 373-374 Concentration of Congressionalist Troops at Quilpue, 375 692 INDEX Chile — continued Battle of Pliicilla, Auff. 28, 376-380 Occupation of Valparaiso, Aug. 28, 379 Resignation of President Balmaceda, Aug. 29, 380-382 Gen. Baquedano, Acting President, Aug. 29, 1891, 380 The Junbi de Gobierno at Santiago, 382, 383, 3S9 Resignation of Gen. Baquedano, Aug. 31, 1891, 383-384 Proclamation of Adm. Jorje Montt, Sept 1891, 384 Worii of R.M-onstruction, 384-385 Suicide of Baliiiaccda, 385-387 Political Testiinient of Balmaceda, 387- 389 New Congress, Nov. 1891, and Resig- nation of the Juntii de Gobierno, 389 The Tesoreria General de la Escuadra abolished, 3S9 Cost of the Revolution, 389-390 Adm. Montt, President, 1891, 390- 405 Promotion for Services, 390-391 Law of Amnesty, 391 Strained Relations between Chile and the United Sbitcs, 1891-2, 391-39G The liaUimore Incident, 380, 392-396, 400, 655 Messiige of President Harrison to the U.S. Congress. Dcv. 9. 1>91. 393 Telegram from Santiago to Chilian Representative in Washington, Dec. 11, 1891, 394-395 United States Ultimatum to Chile, Jan. 22, 1892, 395 Apology to U.S. Government, 395- 396 Real Issues of the Civil War, 397 Political Situation in IS'.VJ, :;9S Increase of the Army and Navy, 398- 399, 402 The Irarnizaval Ministry. 1892. 400 The Barros Luco Ministries. 400 The Kduardo Matte Ministrv. 400 The Political Situation in 1M>4. 399-400 The Pedro Montt Ministry, 1894, 400 New Municipal Law. 400 Conversion of the Currency, 401 Political Parties in Congress, 401-402 Complications with Argentina, 402 Argentina and the Bolivian Question with Chile, 1893-96, 559 Sale of the Esmeralilu to Japan, 1894, 402. 581 Understmdiiig Willi IVru n Tacuaand Arica, 1895, 403-404, 670 Chile — continued Candidates for the Presidency. 404 Federico Errazuriz, President, 1896, 404-409 Congressional Elections, 1897, 405-406 Conference between President Roca of Argentinaand President Errazuriz, 1899, 114 Jerraan Riesco, President, 1901, 408- 409 Boundary Disputes with Argentina i in 1S78-79, 330, 335; in 1895, 108- 109; in 1898, 406-407; in 1901- 1902, 119-120 The Puno de Aticama Dispute between Argentina. Chile, and Bolivia : in 1898. 111-112; in 1899, 113-114; in 1900, 407 Final Settlement of Dispute with Argentina, 1902, 409 Trcatv betwfcn Argentina and Chile, June 1902. 120 Effect of Foreign Wars and Internal Disturbances. 410-411 Movement of Population, 411-412 Araucanian Indians. 412 Alcoholism in Chile. 413-414 Chilians and the Government, 414- 415 Education, 328. 415-417 Relig-ion, 417-418 Administration of Justice, 418 National Character, 418-419 Finance, hk;onomic Development, 330, 419-432 Itiilways, Roads, etc., 328, 419-420 Mineral Wealth, 421-426 Nitrate Industry, 421-423 Copper, 423-424 Silver. 424 Coal. 425 Borax. 425-426 Agriculture, etc., 426-431 Vine-Growing. 429-430 Cattle and Sheep-Farming, 420, 430 Fisheries. 431 Manufactures. 431-432 Chilian Inlluence on tlie Pacifie Coast, 656-oT»7 Chile, Cliilian Warship, 435 Chil.k; Id., 421 Chimboraso, Ecuador, 585 Chimbotc. Perii, 479 Chincha Ids. , Peru : Dispute with Spain, 1864. 32r.. 333, 507-508 Chinese in Peru. 546 Cholera: in Buenos .\ires, 40; in Uruguay. 199 Cholo People in Peru, 532; m BoUvia, 564 INDEX 693 Chorillns, Peru : Hattic, Jan. 13, 1881, 486-487 Other References, 479, 484 Christiancy, Mr, U.S. Minister in Peril, 480 Christianity in South America, see Catholic Churcli Chubut River, Argentina, 114-115 Chuno, 573 Cisneros, Viceroy Baltasar de, of Argen- tina, deposed, 24 Ciudad BoHvar, Venezuela, 635 Ciudad de Cura, Venezuela, 6SF) Civil Registry in Chile, :332, 336 Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 18.50, 601 Cle(ypatra, German Steamer, 346 Cleveland, President, His Verdict in the Misiones Dispute, 1895, 109, 112, 116, 289 The President and the Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana, 1895, 622- 628 Coal in Chile, 425 Cobija, Chile, 446, 448 Cobras Island, Brazil, 'jes, 280 Cochabaniba, Bolivia, 502, 567 Cochrane, Lord, in Peru, 23 Cochrane, see Almirante Cochrane Cocorob6, Brazil, 300 Coffee-Growing : in Peru, 547 ; in Ecuador, 588 ; in Colombia, 611-612 ; in Venezuela, 539, 614 ; in Brazil, 667 Colchagua, Chile, 421 Colla Indians, 16 Colmo, Chile, 370-372 Colu-Cdlo, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 477 Colombia : Spanish Rule, 10 Revolution at Bogota, 1810, 21 BoHvar in New Granada, 1813, 21 Gen. Morilla at Cartagena, 1815, 22 New Granada and Venezuela under the Republic of Colombia, 22, 591-592 Bolivar, President, 1821, 22 Secession of Venezuela and Ecuador, (9. v.), 27, 591-592 Gen. Santander, Chief Magistrate, 1831, 27 Panama and Colon Free Ports, 28 Panara;i Treaty between the United States and Colombia, 28 ; renewed, 1865, 28 Dr Marquez, President, 1836, 28 Gen. Harran, President, 28 Gen. Mosquera, President, 28 Mariana Ospina, President, 28 Federal v. Unitarian Form of Govern- ment, 28 Colombia — rontinued The United States of Colombia, 1819, 5!)l-5!»2 The Confederacion Granadina, 1858, 592 The United States of New Granada, 1861, .592 The United States of Colombia, 1863, 592 The Republic of Colombia, 1866, 592 Internal Political Troubles, 592 Political Parties, 592-593 President Trujillo, 593 Rafael Nunez, President, 1880, 593- 594 Revolution in 1881, 594 Settlement of Boundary Dispute with Costa Rica, 594 President Laldua, 1883, 594 (ieneral Otalora, President, 1883, 594 Boundary Question with Venezuela, 595 Rafael Nunez, President, 1884, 595 President Nunez and the Conservatives, 595 Rebellion in 1885, 59.5-596 Occupation of Panam.i and Colon by United States Forces, 596-597 Revision of the Law of Constitution, 1886, 598 President Nunez re-elected 1886, 598 President Nunez re-elected 1892, 598 Miguel Caro, Vice-President, 599 Death of President Nunez, 1894, 599 Miguel Caro, President, 1894, 599 Revolt in 1895, 599 Boundary Dispute with Peru, 1895, 529 M. A. Sanclemente, President, 1898, 599 J. M. Marroquin, Vice-President, 599- 600 Revolution in 1898, 600 J. M. Marroqiiin, President, 1900, 600 The Panamii Canal and the Secession of Panama, 1903, 601, 614, 055- 656 Topography and Revolutionary Prac-tices, 002 Political Situation, 1904, 603-604 Economic Conditions, 604-605 Topographical Features and Climate, 005-006 Area and Population, 606-607 Hygienic Conditions, 607 Education, 007-009 Administration of Justice, 609 The Roman Catholic Church, 609-610 National Character, 610-011 Effects of Alcoholism, Oil 694 INDEX Colombia — continiied Agriculture and Industries, 611-614 Financial Situation, 614-615 Futun- Prospects, 615-616, 675 Colon, Colombia : The Port, 28, (;r.5 Occupation by United States Forces, 1,SS5, r)96-r.97 Capture of Colon by Insurgents, 1900, 600 Colonia, Uruguay, 207 Colorados of Uruguay, 131, 137, 197-204, 210-224. *M9 Colorados Netos of Uruguay, 204-207 Colorados Principistas of Uruguay, 'lOA- 207 Colquechaea, Bolivia, 574 Columbus referred to, 5 Comisario Kegio in Peru, 507 Comiiriun Conservadora in Chili, 342-344, 398 Comnwrrin, Brazilian Newspaper. 299 Comte, Auguste, and His Theories in Brazil, 235 Conee<,ao Id., Brazil, 276 Concepeion, Chile, 324, 421. 425, 431 Concha, Senor, y Tore, of Chile, 360, :it!2, 3St), 387 Concha lt;iyada, Chile, 25 Conchuco Indians. 16 Concern, Chile, 3t;7, 370-375 Concordia. Argentina, 132, 143-145 Condell, Capt. Chilian Naval Com- mander. 450, 452-153 CoruhU, Chihan Torpedo-Boat, 357, 363, 364 Comlor, Chilian Warship, 368 Conessa, Col., 156 Conselheiro or Maciel, Antonio, and the Jagunvos of Canudos. 29i;-:'.02 Constant, Benjamin, Positivist, 235 Copper : in Chile, 423-424 ; in Peru, 518, 601 Coquirabo, Chile, 326, 347, 348, 364, 382, 421 Cordero, Luis, President of ?".cuador, 1S92, 581-582 Cordoba, Gen., President of Bolivia, 30 Cordoba, Argentina, see under Argen- tina Coronel, Chile, 425 Corralito, Uruguay, 200 Correa, Pedro, y Santiago, of Peru, 523 Correa, Dr Serzedello. of Brazil. 259 orrientes. Argentina, in the Para- guayan War, 138. 140-143. 151-152 Cortes. Fernando. Conqueror of Mexico, 7 Corumba, Brazil. 136 Costa. Dr Julio. Governor of Buenos Aires. 101-102. 105 Costa. Ur Quirno. Vice-President of Argentina, 111 Costa llica : Boundary Dispute with Colombia, 594 Costa Rica and tlie Panama Canal, 601 Cotton Industry in Peru, 546-547, 552 C(jV(iiloiu/n, Spanish Gunboat, 320, 507 ; captured by Chilians, Jan. 1866, 320, 509 ; in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 442, 450-454, 472 ; destroyed, 1880, 478-479 Cragost.i. Brazil, 269 Crespo. Gen. Joaquin Leader of Revolution in Venezuela, 1892, 621 President of Venezuela, 1894, 621- 628, 033 President Crespo and the Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana, 622-628 Death of Gen. Crespo, 030 Cuadra, Pedro Lucio, of Chile, 339, 340 Cuba under Spanish Rule, 5, 7, 648 Cuenca. Ecuador. 585, 586, 587 Cuestas, Juan Lindolfo, President of Uruguay in 1897, 221-223; in 1899, 223 CuUen. Gen., of Argentina. 33 Cumining. Richard, in Chile, 364 Cundinaniarca, Colombia, 595 Curayaco. Peru. 482 Curic('). Chile. 421 Curityba. Paranagua. Brazil. 236. 273, 2s;?. L>S4. 287. 288 Cunipaiti, Paraguay. 157-160, 168 Curuzii, Paraguay, 157-160 Cuzco, Peru, 8, 536, 547 Daiti.e River. 588 Davila. Col. Justo Pastor, Peruvian Commander, 459, 484-486 Daza, Gen^ Hilarion, President of Bolivia, 4:!8. 450-460, 462, 555-556 Defrance, A., in Chile, 362 Desterro, Santa Catharina, Brazil, 265, 266, 271, 272, 280, 284 Detroit, U.S. Warship, 277 Diario <le Commercio, Brazilian News- paper, 256 Dios Leon. Col. Juan de, of Chile, 376 Dolores. T.irapac.i. 350. 351. 402 Donoso. (iregorio. of Chile. 360 Dorrego of Argentina. 33 Dourado. Brazil, 136 INDEX 695 Dreyfus & Co., of Paris, ^11-512 Drink Traffic, see Alcoholisra Duarte, Major, in the Paraguayan War, 143-148 Duclerc and Brazil, 13 Durand, Senor, of Peru, r>28 Dutch in Brazil, see under Brazil EcHENiQUE, Gen., President of Peru, 29 Ecuador : Defeat of Gonzalo Pizarro at Quito, ir.46, 11 Revolution at Quito, 1809, 20, 21 Battle of Pichincha, 1822, and Emancipation of Ecuador by Bohvar, 22 Separation from Colombia. 1830, 27, .''.77, .^.91-.^.92 Gen. Alfaro, 1895,582 Boundary Disputes, 1895, 529 Gen. Alfaro, President, 1897, 582 Gen. Alfaro and the Clergy, 582 Conspiracies against Gen. Alfaro, 582 Gen. Leonidas Plaza, President, 1901, 583 Laws regarding Sedition, 583 Political Conditions, 583 Ecuador— cont'tnued F.conomic Conditions, 583 Area and Population, 584 Cities of Jicuador, 584 Topographical Fejitures, 585 Education, 586 Administration of Justice, 586 National Character, 587 Railways, 587-588 Industry and Production, 588-589 Financial Situation, 589-590 Future Prospects, 590 Education : in Argentina, 41, 123-125 ; in Paraguay, 194 ; in Uruiruuy.'iOS, .!25- 226 ; in Brazil, 312 ; inChile.:{28, 415- 417 ; in Peru,5 15,534-536 ; in Bolivia, 569-570 ; in Ecuador, 585-586 ; in Colombia, 607-609 ; in Venezuela, 635-636 ; in S. America, 676 Edwards, Augustin, of Chile, 338, 339 Egan, Patrick, U.S. Minister in Chile, 1891, 361-36J, 392-396 Egusquiza, E. D., 181 Egusquiza, J. B. , President of Paraguay, 1894, 190-191 Ejercito Rc^stiurador de la Honra Nacional in Peru, 508 Ellauri, Dr Jose, President of Uruguay, 1S73, 204-'-'06 England and South America : British Action in Brazil, 13 British Aggression in Argentina, 19 Treaty between Argentina and England, 1825, 24 British Action in Uruguay, 1828, 24 English Recognition of the Independ- ence of South America, 26 Conflict with Uruguay, 31 England and the Paraguayan War, 1865, 151 Adm. Hotham and the Chilian Revolu- tion, 1891, 352, 360 The Siriusm BrazUian Waters, 1893-94, 265-266. 281 The Racer in BraziHan Waters, 1893, 265-266 Occupation of Trinidade, Brazil, 1895, 292 Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana, 18s7, u.:u-621 Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana, 1895-99, 622-628, 654 England and the Chilian Boundary Disputes, in 1895, 108-109 ; in 1899, 111-112, 113-114; in 19U1, 119-1_0 Blockade of La Guayra, Venezuela, by England, Germany, and Italy, 1902, 631 696 INDEX Ensenada, Argentina, 65, 285 Entre Rios, Argentina, 138, 140-144 Enxadas Id., Brazil, 263, 275, 280, 281 Errazuriz, Fedcrico, President of Chile, 1871, 114, 32S-;j29, .".88, 404-409 Escala, Gen., Chilian Commander, 458, 461, 465 Escobar, President, of Paraguay, 190 Escurra, Juan B. , President of Paraguay, 191 Esmeralda, Ecuador, 589 Esmerahla, Chilian Warship: in Ata- cama, 1863, 435 ; in the War with Spain, 1866, 326; in the Chilian- Peruvian War, 1879, 443, 450-452 ; destroyed by Peruvians, 1879, 452 Esmeralda, New Chilian Warship, 399 ; in the Civil War in Chile, 1S91, 346, 366, 368, :'.74 ; sold to Japan, 1894, 402, 581 Esperanra. Brazilian Ship, 266 Espina, Col., 102 Espinar, Col., Peruvian Commander, 463 Espinosa, Senor, of Peru, 527 Espinosa, Col. Julio Baiiados, of Chile, 348, 386-387, 392 Esperito-Satito, Ship, 303 Estanislas, Gen., del Canto, of Chile, 390 Estero Vellaco, 153 Estigarribia, Col., Paraguayan Com- mander, 143-148 Eten, Peru, 479 d'F)u, Cotulc, Coniinaiidtr in the I'aragiiavan War, 147, 181-187 Other References, 234, 240 Favkli.a Hii.i., Cainidos, 301 Febronio, Major, of Brazil, 298 Federal r. Unibirian Ft)rni of Govern- ment : in Colombia, 28 ; in Chile, 30 ; in Argentina, 32, 33. 42 ; in Brazil, 249 Felix, Jose, of Rio de Janeiro, 256 Ferdinand and Isubclla of Spain, 4 Ferdinand VII. of Spain, 19, 20, 21 Ferrari, Pablo, Chilian Commander, 478 Fidanza, Capt. , 173 Fidehs, Col., Brazilian Commander, 134 Figueira, Andrade, of Brazil, 238, 239 Fisheries of Chile, 431 Flores, Antonio, President of Ecuador, 1888, 580, 583, 586 Flores, Col. Fortunato. in Uruguay, 197 Flores, Gen, Venancio, President of Ecuador, 1830, 1839, and 1843, 28-29 liCader of Revolt in Uruguaj', 1863-65, 131-135 Flores, Gen. V. — continued President of Uruguay, 1865, 135, 197- 198 President Flores in the Paraguayan War, 139-160, 187 Assassination of Gen. Flores, 1868, 198 Flores, Buenos Aires, 56 Florida, U.S., 207 Florida, Uruguay, 203, 206 Fonseca, Gen. Deodoro da, of Brazil : Leaderof Military Conspiracy, 242-243 Provisional President of Brazil, 243- 245 President of Brazil, 246-256 Fonseca, General Hermes da. President of Brazil, 667 Fontecilla, Manuel Sanchez, of Chile, 340 France and South America : French Action in Brazil, 1711, 13 Portugal and French Guiana, 1807- 15, 13-14 ConHiit with Uruguay, 1851, 31 Conflict with Rosas in Ai^entina, 1894, 33-34 France and the Paraguayan War, 1865, 151 France and the Revolution in Chile, 1891, 361-362 French Victims in Brazilian Revolt, and Brazilian Indemnity to France, 1S94, •_'f<7 Frent'h in Argentina, 122 , Francia, Dr Rodriguez de, First Consul in Paraguay, 25 Francisco, Col. Joao, of Brazil, 291 Franklin, Benjamin, referred to, 26 Fr.-irc, Col., in Uruguay, 1868, 198 Friirc. Gen., President of Chile. 1823. 30 Frcirc. Francisco, of Chile, 1886, 338 Fnnid, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 476, 483 Frias. Col. Anibal. of Chile. 370 Frias, Felix. 46 Fruit-Growing : in Paraguay, 192; in Uruguay, 229-230 ; in Chile, 429 ; in Bolivia, 573 Fuenzalida, Ensign, of Chile, 379 Funes, Naval Commander, 98-99, 107 Gaivza, Gen. Martin, 45 GaU-nga, Mr. Personality of Adm. da Gama, 270 Conmiander of Rebel Forces in Brazil, 1893, 265-283 I.,eader of Revolt in Rio Grande do Sul, 1895, 290-293 Other References, 263, 311 INDEX 697 Garaarra, CoL, Peruvian Commander, 1880, 469 Gamarra, Gen., President of Perii, 1829, 29 Peruvian Leader in Bolivia, 1839, 30 Gana, Gen., Jose Francisco, of Chile, 348 Garcia, Capt. Aureteo, y Garcia, Peruvian Commander, 480-481, 480, 489 Garezon, Lieut. Pedro, Peruvian Naval Commander, 456-457 Garibaldi, Gen., in Uruguay, 31 Gatica, Major, of Chile, 'MS (Jazeta da Tarde, Brazilian Newspaper, 299 Gelly, Gen., y Obes, Argentine Com- mander, lef), 17(;, 17!>, 187 Germany and Soutii America : Blockade of La Guayra, Venezuela, by England, Germany, and Italy, 1902, G:U Germans in Argentina, 122; in Brazil, 23.0, 310; in Chile, 41ti Gill, President, of Paraguay, 189 Glycerio, Francisco, of Brazil, 251, 302 Godoy, Domingo, Minister in Chile, 1891, 362, 392 Godoy, Joaquin, Minister in Chile, 1886, 338 Gold: in Peru, 549; in Colombia, 613 ; in Venezuela, 641 Gomensoro, Tomas, President of Uruguay, 203, 205 Gomez, Col. Leandro, in the Paraguayan War, 132-133 Gonzalez, President, of Paraguay, 1890, 190 Gonzalez, Col. Genuardo, of Paysandu, 1875, 207 Gorostiaga, Dr Benjamin, Candidate for the Presidency of Argentina, 66, 67 Gouvernador Id., Brazil, 266, 269 Gragoata, Brazil, 274 Grammer, Juan, of Chile, 358 Grande, Ilha, Brazil, 271 Grau, Adm. Miguel, Peruvian Naval Commander, in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 450-457 Great Britain, see England Ouacoldo, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 477, 483 Guadaloupe, Bolivia, 574 Guaitecas Id., 421 Quale, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 358 Gualeguay, Argentine Warship, 138 Guaruibara, Brazilian Warship, 263 Guanara, Venezuela, 635 Guano : Exports from Peru, 1869, 511-512 Guano — continued The Guano Deposits of Atacama and the Disputes between Bolivia and Chile, the Chilian-Peruvian War, 1879-84, and the Chilian Occupa- tion of Atacama, 433-504 Guano in the Lobos Ids. , 498 Guaviyii, Uruguay, 211 Guayaneco Id., 421 Guayaquil, Ecuador, 578, 582, 584, 586, 587 Guayas River, 588 Guerrero, Adolfo, 365 Guiana, British, and the "Nfenezuelan Boundary Dispute: in 1887, 620- 621 ; in 1895-99, 622-628, 654 Guiana, French, Portugal and French Guiana, 1807- 15, 13-14 Araapa Dispute with Brazil, 1897-99, 306 Guimaraes, Adm., of Brazil, 255 Gustavo Sampaio, Brazilian Torpedo- Catcher, 269, 286 Gutierrez, Cols. 33!1 Ilumaitd, Paraguay, in the Paraguayan War, 18G5-ti'^, 130, 141, 148. 157, ItVJ- 171 ; bombarded by Allies, Apr.- July 1808, 168-171 Humboldt, Alcxandir von, referred to, 9 Hiisares Constitutionalcs of Chile, 376 Ikanez, Adolfo, of Chile, 340 Iglesias, Gen. Miguel, Peruvian Coinniaiider in the Chilian- Peruvian War, 1881, 484, 486, 487 President of Peru, 1883. 490-497, 522- 51.'4, 531, 53S Ignacio, Adm. , Brazilian Commander in the Paraguayan War, 160, 161, 181 lpiiatcm;i, Brazilian Warship, 263 Imperial, Chilian Transport, 363 Incas of Peni, 7. 8, l»i lniUptnulu)icM, Peruvian Ironclad: built 1865, 443 ; in the Peruvian War with Spain, I8i)tj, 510; in tlic Chilian- Peruvian War. 1879. 443. 450-453; destroyed, 1879, 453, 479; Other Reference, 513 Indiijtnitrnr'ui, Peruvian Armed Steam Launch, 477 Indians: of South America. 15. 412; of Peril. 532-533. 538, 546; of Bolivia, 558-559, 565, 568-571 ; of Ecuador, 587 Inquisition, 4, 540 Intemperance, see Alcoholism Iqiiique, Tarapac.i : Peruvian Port, 448 Naval Battle between Chile and Peni, 1879. 450-452 Chilian Port in the Chilian Civil War, 1891, 346, 348, 351-353, 360. 364- 366 Other References. 412. 422 Iquilos. Peru. 527. 551, 553 irarnizaval. Sertor, of Chile, 400 Irigoyen, Dr Bernardo, Candidate for the Presidency of Argentina, 66, 67 Partisan of the Union Civica, 73 Partisan of the Union Civica Radical, 93 Governor of Buenos Aires. 116-117 Iriondo. Dr. of Santa Fe, 49 Isabel. Princess, Regent of Brazil, 234-240 Her Kinancipation of the Slaves, 237- 210 Italv and South America : Contliit with Uruguay. 1851, 31 Uruguayan Question with Italy, 1882, 210 Brazilian Question with Italy, 1896, 293 Blockade of La Guayra, Venezuela, l>v England, Germany, and Italy, 1902, 631 Italians in Argentina, 121 ; in Brazil, 237. 309 Itapirii, Fort. Paraguay. 153 Itaroro River, Paraguay. 178 I lata, Chilian Transport, 359, 391, 395 Itati, Argentina, 152 Jacobinos of Brazil. 302-304 Jacques. Gen., of Brazil, 290 Jagu.irao, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Jagunvos of C^inudos, 296-302 JanejjUfo, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 476- 477 Japan : Japanese Purchase of the Chilian Warship /Jattufml'la, 402, 581 Japanese in Peni, 532, 546 Jauja, peni, 523 .l.irari/, Brazilian Warship, 263, 269 Jews in Spain. 4. 6 Joao VI. of Portugal in Brazil, 13 .lonial <{>' lirtizil, 299 Jinntil (l^ Citmercio, Brazilian News- paper. 258 Jovi ll.mos. Salvador. I'resident of Para- gu.-iy. 1^72. 188 Juan Fernandez. 431 Jucces de Paz in Colombia, 609 Junin : Battle, Aug. 6, 1824, 23 Other References. 422, 460, 461 Junta de Clobierno in Chile, 358-382, 383, 3S9 Jupiter, Brazilian Merchant Ship, 259, 263 Kkvkedv, John Gordon, in Chile, 360 Kdriig. Senor. Ciiilian Minister in Bolivia. 1900. 408, 562 INDEX 699 Kdrner, Gen. Erailio, in Chile, 357, 359, 370, 382, 390, 399 Larknwnna, U.S. Corvette, at Arica, Oct. 1880, 480, 483, 497 La Cotera, Gen. Manuel Gonzalez de, of Peru, 521 Ladario, Baron de, of Brazil, 243 Lage, Brazil, 263, 264 Lagomarsino, Capt., Chilian Naval Commander, 472 Lagos, Col. Hilario, in Argentina, 1880, 45, 50, 54, f.7 Lagos, Col., Chilian Commander, 1880- 81, 471-472, 481, 486, 488 La Guayra, Venezuela : Blockade by England, Germany, and Italy, 1902, 631 Other References, 625, 640 Laldua, President, of Colombia, .'>94 Lamar, Gen., President of Peru, 29 Lamas, Col. Diego, Leader of Rising against President Borda of Uru- guay, 217; assassinated, 222 Lambayeque, Peru, 479 Lambton, Capt., in Chile, 352 Lapa, Brazil, 273 La Paz, Bolivia, 561, 562, 563, 566 La Plata, see under Argentina La Puerta, Gen. Luis de, Vice-President of Peru, 474-175, 511, 520-:'.2l Lara, Venezuela, 642 La Rioja, Argentina, 117, 161 Larreta, Dr Aurcliano Rodriguez, of Uruguay, 212, 221 Las Cadenas, Chile, 376-377 Las Cruces, Chile, 375 Lastera, Gen., in Chile, 30 Las Zorras, Chile, 376-377 LaUicunga, Ecuador, 5S5 Latin America and Pan-Araerican Con- gresses, 054 Latorre, Capt, Chilian Naval Com- mander, 454-455 Latorre, Major Lorenzo, Commander in Uruguay, 205, 208 Dictator of Uruguay, 208-209 President of Uruguay, ^09 Lnntaro, Steamer sunk off Panama, 1902, 600 Lavadenz, Gen., Peruvian Commander, 463 Lavalle, Gen., in Argentina, 33, 58 Lavalle, Jose Antonio, of Perii, 439-440, 498 Lavalle, Lopez, of Iquique, 464 Law : Administration of Justice ; in Argentina, 115, 125; in Uruguay, 220; in Brazil, 313; in Chile, 418; in Peru, 536-537 ; in Bolivia, 570 ; in Law — continued Ecuador, 586-587 ; in Colombia, 609 ; in Venezuela, 636-637 Lebu, Chile, 346 Lfipzi;/, German Warship, 379 Letelier, Col., Chilian Commander. 482 Liher(l<uh, Brazilian Cruiser, 276 Liberdade, Brazilian Newspaper, 299 Liberta(,ao do Ventre, 237 Liherfad, Chilian Newspaper, 334 Liliedale, Dr Oscar, of Argentina, 75-76, 93 Lillo, Eusebio, of Chile, 338, 339, 480 Lima, Viana de, of Brazil, 135 Lima, Peni : The Gutierrez Conspiracy, 1872, 513- 514 Insurrection, 1879. 475 Chilian Occupation, Jan. Death of Gen. Lopez, 1^70, 186 Lopez, Ur Lucio V. , Governor of Buenos Aires, 1803, 102, 105-1 Oti Dr Loj)ez and Col. Sarniiento, lO.'i-lOG Lopez, Ur Luzio, and the Union Civica in Ar^^entina, 1857, 75, 70 Lopez, Dr Vicente, President of Argentina. 32, 33 Partisan of the Union Civica, 7'i, 76, 79 Minister of Finance in Argentina, SS Lorena, CapL, Provisional President of Bnizil. l,'i;.'i-'JS6 Los .Andes, Venezuela, 642 Los Anj^elcs, Peru, 516 Lota. Chile, rj.'. Liibiat^.i, Lieut. Col., Peruvian Com- mander, 15'.) Lucena, Baron, of Brazil, 252 Lueo. Klmon Barros, of Chile, 340. 346, 38y-:iyi, 400. f,7n Lujan, Buenos Aires, 56 Lynch, Capt. Patricio. Chilian Com- mander in theChili.in-Peruvi.m War, 47D-1SO, 481-4S7. 4'.»;t_}'J5 Lynch, Madame, referred to, 140, 1S5. 186 Li/nrh, Chilian Torpedo-Boat, 357, 363, 361, 379 MacCavv, Adm., of the United States, and the Ilevolution in Chile, 1891. 360, 363 Maciel or Conscllieiro, Antonio, and the Jaj^uncos of Canudos, 2!ti'.-:!0'j -Mackeiuia. Benjainen Vicuna, of Chile, 329 Mmleira, Brazilian Warship, 203 Madeiros, Col., of Brazil, 300 Ma^alhaes, Crx-lho, li',> Ma^alhacs, Col. Marciano de of Brazil, 251 Mapallancs. Chile. 121 M(i(/alLinKt, Chilian Gunbaat, 328, 346, ' 317, 310. 142. 151 Ma|;dalena, Colonihia. 21. 595 M.ai^dalena. near Lima, I'eru. 494 Magellan. Straits of. 120, 125 Magnaseo, Dr, of Argentina, 115, 121, 125 Mnipit, Chilian Transport. 365. 306 Miilpi'i, Chilian Warship, 354 Maypii, Chile: Battle .Vpr. 5, 1818, 25 Maitlonado, Uruguay, 2U7 Malleco. Chile. 421 Malpartida. Senor, of Peru, 527 Manantiales de San Juan, Uni;,'uay, 203 Manrd Citpnr, Peruvian Monitor, 443, 468, 472 Manduvira River, 182 Manuelita, D.iughter of Dictator Rosas, 36-37 Mnpor/in, Chilian Steamer, 305 Maracaibo, Venezuela, 612, 635 Murajf'i, Brazilian Warship. 2i!3 ' Murmlon, Peruvian Schoolsliip, 493 Marrilio Dias, Brazilian Warship, 263, 264 Maria of Portugal, 14 Marou.LS, Uruguay. 200 •Manjuez. Dr, President of Colombia. 23 Mnrijiii's (VOlimla, Brazilian Ship. 135 Marriage Laws, etc. : in Uruguay, 210; in Chile, 332, 336 ; in Perii, 528 ; m Venezuela. 637 Marroquin. .1. M.. Vice-i'rcsidcnt of Colombia, 599-000 President of Colombia, 600 Marie, Brazilian .Merchant Ship, 263 Martens, Dr, referred to, 62S Martinez. Col., of Chile. IStJ Martinez. Carlos Walker, of Chile, .160, :;s6-3S7 Martyr, Major Dioclctiano, Brazilian Conspinitor, 304 Miituis Cuuiiii'iu, Chilian Transport, 454, 476 Mattu, Juan Gonzjdo, 365 Matte, Augusto. of Chile. 339, .364 Matte, Kduardo, of Chile, 360, 392-395. 4(>0 Matteni. Mgr. Gigi, 59 Malto GrosM). Brazil, 135-136, 140-142. 149. 151, 153, 162 Maturana, Gen., Chilian Commander, 482 Maule, Chile, 421 Mcjillom's, 4:{.'.-136, 454, 457 Meigarejo, Col., President of Bolivia, 31, 137 Mello, .\dm. Custodio de, of Brazil : Lender of Uisiiigs in Hio de Janeiro, 2.'.5-'J.'.''., 2.'.'.». 2-^6 His Manifesto. Scpr. 1893, 260 Other References, 251, 311 Mellr), Mareellino Bispode, .\s.sassin, 303 .Mendcz, Lojm-z, in Venezui-la. 22 Mcniloz-i. Don .Vndrcs Hurtadode, 11 .Meudiizji, M.ijor, in Uruguay, 198 Mciid()7-i, .Vrgeiifina, 161 Men-edes. rnigu.iy. 'JU7 Ml I, mo, i'cruvian Schoolship, 493 Mexico : Simnish Conquest of Mexico. 7, 8 Alontezum.i and the Asters, 7 Mez.1, Pedro T.iblo, of Chile, 358 Miuiis, Uruguav, 20S .Minas Geracs. Ijrazil. 309, 314 MiniUUo, Portuguese Warship, 280 INDEX 701 Mines and Mineral Wealth : of South America, 17, 054 ; of Chile, 421-4'25 ; of Peril, 548-551 ; of Bolivia, 573- 574 ; of Ecuador, 589 ; of Colombia, 613-614 ; of Venezuela, 641-642 Miradores, Pcrii : Battle, Jan. 1881, 488-489, 522 Other References, 484, 487 Miranda, Brazil, 136 Misiones Dispute between Brazil and Argentina, 137, 245; settled, 1895, lO'.t, 11 -J, 116, 'J.S9 Mitre, Gen. Bartoiomt', I^-ider of tlie Portciio.s, 38, 47 President of Argentina, 1861, 38-40, 42 President Mitre in the Paraguayan War, 134-166, 1S7 Gmdidate for the Presidency of Argen- tina, 1874. 43 His Attitude to the Tiro Nacional of Buenos Airas, 45 Mitre and Iloea, 92-93, 94 Other References, 54, 161, 165 Mitre, Gen. Kmilio, 45 M(K'angue, Brazil, 269 Molina, Rear-Adm. Francisco, of Chile, 390 Mollendo, Peru, 449, 469, 574 Monag.i-s, Gen., President of Venezuela, 28 Monroe Doctrine and South America, 25- 26, 623 Monte Santo, Brazil. 300 Montero, Adm. Lizjirdo, I'cruvian Commander, 46S, 470, 474, 4S6 Candidate for the Presidency of Peru, 1875, 517 Vice-President of Peril, Mar. 1881, 494 President of Perii, Aug. 1881, 495, 501, 5(16 Montcvcrde. Gen., in Venezuela, 21 Montezuma and the Astecs, 7 Montoyo, StTgeaiit, Assassin, 519 Montt, Ismael P.rez, of Chile, 392 Moiitt, Adm. Jorge, Chilian Naval Commander, 346, 379 Provisional Government at Iquique (Apr. 1891) under Capt Montt, 358 Proclamation of Adm. Montt, Sept 1891, 384, 389 President of Chile, Dec. 1891-Sept 1896, 390-405 His Administration, 397-105 Monti. Manuel, President of Chile, 30, ;;23-3l!4 Montt, IVdro, of Chile, 338, 339, 360, 364, 391-395, 400, 408-409, 670 Moore, Capt., Peruvian Naval Com- mander, 450, 453 Moors in Spain, 4, 6 Moquegua, Perii, 469, 481, 518 Moraes, Col. Mendes de, 303 Moraes, Dr Prudente de. Republican, 239, 251 President of Brazil, 1S94, 283-304, 306 The President and the Pacification of Rio Grande do Sul, 1S95, 290-293 Temporary Retirement of President Moraes, 1896, 294 His Return to Rio de Janeiro, 1897, 296 The Canudos Campaigns, 296-302 Conspiracy against President Moraes, 303 Morales, Col., in Buenos Aires, 56, 58 Moreira, Col., MiliUiry Commandant at Desterro, 286 Commander of Expedition against Canudos, 298-301 Moreno of Argentina, 24, 32 Moreno, President, of Ecuador, assassin- ated, 1875, 29, 578 Moreno, Dr, and the Chilian Boundary Commission in 1S99, 113-114 Morilia, Gen., at CarUigena, 22 Morinigo, President, of Paraguay, 1894, 190 Morris, Rev. Mr, of Buenos Aires, 124- 125 Morro Hill, Arica, 471-473 Morro Solar: Fighting, Jan. 13, 1881, 484, 48t>-}87 Mosquera, Gen., President of Colombia, 28 Mowbray, Lieut. Beauchamp, 266 MunccJis. Dr, of Tucuman, 49 Municipal Government, etc. : in Chile, 400; in Peru, 539; in Venezuela, 635 Munis, Col. Angel, of Uruguay, 207 Munoz, Col., in Brazil, 134 Munoz, Dr Jose Maria, Candidate for the Presidency of Uruguay, 204 Nahuco, Joaquin, of Brazil, 238, 307 Napoleon and the Peninsular War, 13 Navarro, Dr, of Cabimarca, 49 Negroes : in South America, 10 ; in Peru, 532 Netto, Gen. , Brazilian Commander, 133, 141, 155 New Granada, see Colombia i\ew York, U.S. Warsiiip, 277 Newark, U.S. Warship, 277 Nicaragua and the Paiiamii Canal, 601 Nictheroy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 253, 262, 263, 265, 266 702 INDEX Nirlheroy, Brazilian Warship, 268 Nitrate Industry of Atacima, Tarapaca, etc. , the Dispute of Peru with Chile, and the ChiUan Occupation of Ata- cama, Tarapaca, etc., 414, 420-423, 437, 480, 498, 516-517, 520, 55r)-556 Novularlfis, Brazilian Newspaper, 2J6 Novo Friburgo, Brazil, 310 Novoa Jovino, of Chile, 498 Nuble, Chile, 421 Nueva Coimbra, Brazil, 1.35 Numanria, Spanish Warship, 326, .'iOO Nunez, Cant Castro Mcndcz, Spanish Naval Comiiiander, .'520, 509-.MO Nunez, Rafael, President of Colombia, 1880, 593-594 ; 1884-94, 59.J-5U9 Nunez, Velasco, de Vela, 1 1 OiiKs, Dr Julio Herrera y. President of Uruguay, 213-215 O'Connor, Capt, of Argentina, 82 O'lliLCgins, Gen., in Chile, "25, 30 O'lliggins, Chile, 421 0'y/»7//i;M, Chilian Corvette, 327 ; in the Chilian-Peruvian War, 1S79-.S1, 442. 449-4G0, 488; in the Chilian Civil War, ISOl, 34(>, 34", 349. 354 (yillffi/iiiji. New Chilian Warship, 399 Oil Industry in Perii. 550, 673 Olarietn, Seilor. of Bolivia, 434 Olave. Col., in I'ruguay, ]'.>"< Olivcira. Major, in the Paraguayan War, 1 ,S5 Oliveira, Joao Alfredo Correa dc, of Brazil, 23S Olivera, Argentina, 56 Olmos, Col. Lisandro, at Cordoba, 52, an Olney, Richard, and tiie Boundary Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana, 623 Oriln-, Ignacio, President of Uruguay, 31 Oribe, Manuel, President of Uruguay, 31 Orinoco River, 643 Orion, Brazilian Warship, 263 Ortiz, Grcgorio, Assjussin, 212 Oruro. Bolivia, 5t)2, 567, 571, 574 Osborn, Mr, U.S. Minister at Santiiigo, 480 Oscar, Gen. Arturo, Commander in Expedition against Canudos, 299- 302 Oscurni, Paraguay, 184 Osorio, Gen., in Chile, 1818, 25 Osorio, (icn. , Br.t/.ili.in Commander in the Paraguayan War, 1:13. 153-187 Osorio, Cull. Kocha, of Brazil, 1891, 255 Osorno, Chile, 416 Ospina, Mariano, President of Colombia, 28 Otalora, Gen., President of Colombia, 594-595 Ouro Preto, Vizconde de, of Brazil, 241, 299 Ouro Preto, Brazil, 314 Ovalle, Juan, of Chile, 358 Ovalle. Chile, 347 Ovando, Gen. , of Colombia, 28 Ovicdo, Dr, of Peru, 495 Pa( ASMAVo, Peru, 479 Pacheco, Sefior, President of Bolivia, 1884, 557 Patocha, Peru, 468, 515 Pacto de Trcgua, Apr. 4, 1884, 332, 501 ; ratified, Nov. 29, 1SS4, 503, 557 Padilla, Major Julio, 376 Paez, Gen., Hero in the War of Independence in Venezuela, 22 President of Venezuela, 28 Palacios, Bishop, referrt-d to, 173 Palacios, President, of Venezuela, 1889, 621 Palacios, Lieut- Knrique, Peruvian Naval Commander, 1879, 456 PalUu, Brazilian Merchant Ship, 264, 273 Pallcja, Col., on the Battle of Yatay, 14.5-146 Palomas, Uniguay, 208 Pampas, 17 Panama, Isthmus and Canal: Treaty with th<- United States, 28; renewed 1S()5, 2S Panama Canal, 2M, rtOl, 614. 65.>-656 S« cession from Colombia. 1903, 601 Other References, 595, 600, 675 Panam.i City : Free Port, 28 United Stat<'s Troops, at Panama, 1885,597 Capture of Panama by Insurgents, 1S9S, (',00 Panam.'t Hats, 552 Paiido, Col., Le;iderof iHsurrcction in Bolivia, 189S- 99, 560-561 Chief Magistmte of Bolivia, 561, 673 Para, Brazil, 255, 575 Pani, Warship, 166 Paraguay : Rarly Catholic Missions, 9 Defeat of Gen. Brengano. ISIO, 24 Kmaiuipation from .Sp.iin, ISll, 25 Dr R. de Fr.incia and F. Yegros nominated First CoasuLs, 1811, 25 INDEX 703 Paraguay — 'Jtntinued Don Carlos Lopez, First Consul, 1841, 25 Gen. Francisco Solano Lopez, First Consul, 1862, "25 Aggressive Attitude of Gen. Lopez towards Argentina, 39 The Paraguayan War — Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil against Paraguay, 1865-70, 39, 130-195, '210 Origin of the War, 131-135 Entente between Uruguay and Para- guay, 131 Alliance with Bolivia, 136 Gen. Lopez and Uruguay, 134 Declaration of War in Brazil, 1864, 135 Invasion of Matto Grosso, 1864, 135- 136 Capture of Nueva Coimbra, Dec, 1864, 135 Congress at Asuncion, 137 The Army in 186.-.. 138 Occupation of Corricntes, Apr., 1865, 138-139, 141-142 Alliance between Argentina, Brazil, and I Uruguay against Paraguay, May 1, 1865, 139, 210 Importance of the Parana and Para- guay Rivers, 137, 139, 140 Plan of Campaign, 140, 141, 148 Distribution of the Army, 141 Recapture of Corricntes by the Argentines, May 25, 1865, 142 Battle of the Riachuelo, June 11, 1865, 143 Advance towards Urugiiay, 145 Operations near San Borge, June 15, 1865, 143 Invasion of Rio Grande, 144 Mutiny in Entre Rios, Argentina, 144 Gen. Flores appointed Commander of the Allied Vanguard, 144 Conditions in Uruguny. 145 Battle of Yatay, Aug. 17, 1865, 145 Occupation of Uruguayana, ScpL, 1865, 146-147 Surrender of Col. Estigarribia, Sept 18, 1865, 147 Preparations for Defence of Para- guay, 148 The Lopez Administration in Matto Grosso, 148 Consultation of Argentine, Brazilian, and Paraguayan Rcprcscnbi- tives, 150 Peace Proposals refused by Brazil, 151 Paraguay — continued The Para'.ruayan War — continued Corricntes as the Base of Operations, 151 Defences of the Parana, 151, 152 Engagements at Paso de La Patria, 152, 153 Raid to Itati, Feb., 1866, 152 Reconnaissance of Paraguayan Posi- tions, 153 Engagements on the Parana, Apr., 1866, 153 Gamp near Fort Itapirii, 153 Surprise of Allies, 154 Advance into Paraguay, 154 Battle of May 20, 1866, 154 Discontent in Allied Army, 156 Engagements of July 15 and 18, 1866, 156 Expedition against Curupaite, 157 Engagement at Curuzii, Sept 2, 1866, 157 Garrison of Curuzii, 158 Peace Proposals by Lopez, 158, 159 Attack upon Curupaiti, Sept, 1866, 159-160 Military Changes, 160 Marshal Caxi;is's Invasion, July, 1867, 161-162 Occupation of Rio Hondo, 162 Situation in Matto Grosso, 162 Operations at llumaita, 163, 164, 165, 166 Capture of Villa del Pilar, and Tayf, Sept 1867, 164 Engjigement at Tuyuti, Nov., 1867, 164-165 C.ipturc of Rojas, 1868, 168 Capitulation of Curupaiti, 1868, 168 Bombardment of Humait^, Apr., 1.S68, 168 Attempt to seize the Monitor Rio Grande, 169 Assault on Huraaita, July, 1868, 169 Occupation of Humaiti by the Allies, July, 1868, 170-171 Conditions at 'ribicuarf, 172-173 Fighting on the River Canabe, Sept., 186S, 175, 176, 177, 179 Assault on Agostura, Dec, 1868, 176, 177 Capture of Villeta, Dec, 1868, 177 Hostilities resumed, Dec 20, 1868, 179 Action of Dec 20, 1868, 180 Surrender of Agostura, Dec. 30, 1S68, 180 Occupation of Asuncion, 180 Mission of Senor Parunhos, 181 '04 INDEX Paraguay — continued The Paraguayan War — continued Provisional Government at Asun- cion, 182 Engagement at the River Manduvira, 182 Fight at Sapucay, July, 1869, 183 Attack on Peribebuy, July 12, 1869, 183-181 Evacuation of Oscurra and Caacupi by I^)pe/,, 1 s I Engagement at Yagari, Aug., 18G9, 185 Action at Campo Grande, 185 Death of Lopez, Mar., 1870, ISO Treaty of Peace, July, 1870, 18(5 Uruguay and the War Indemnity, 210 Death of Gen. Lopez, Mar., 1870, 18t) Cirilo Kivarola, President, 1870, 186- ISS Population of Paraguay, 1870, 187 Political Situation. 188-189 Resignation of President Rivarola, 1872, ISS Assassination of Ex-President Rivarola, 1872, 188 Salvador Jovellanos, President, 1872, 1S8-189 Sefior Gill, President. T<71. 