None
Brythonic language, i Brythons, 1-8, lo, 35, 86, 120 Bundling, 582-4 Caeth, 191 Camlwrw, 227, 238 Canltaw, 242 Canones Wallici, 177, n. 2, 648 Cantii, 6 Cantref, Int. xvii., 29-34, 190, 240 Capitular regulations, 217 Caradog of Lancarvan, 124-6 Cardiff, building of, 247, 273 college at, 493-4 Celts, I, 4, 5 Celtic languages, 1-4, 501-3 Celtic church, 458-9, 459, n. i Cenedl, description of, 192-4 groups within, 196-7 of royal status, 191,203, n. 3 Chancellors of the University, 500 Character of the Welsh, in early times, 252 in modern times, 590-5 Charter of Henry VII., 413, 417 University, 49S Chief Justice, 239 Christianity, 61, 458-9 Church in Wales, absenteeism, 468 Anglican, 463-68 Baily's visitation, 464 capitular regulations, 217 condition of, in 17th and iSth centuries, 463-S clergy, 216 courts of the, 217 land of the, 216-7 Church in Wales, Luxmoore's case, 468-9 pluralities, 468-9 Saunders' View, 464-5 Circuit, of bards. North Wales, 392, ib. n. i South Wales, 393, ib. nn. i, 2, 3 Clerk, 217 of the court of the cymwd, 240 Clothes : see Dress Cnut's accession, 161 its effects, 163 Cof ILys, 242 Colleges, Aberystwyth, 491, 493-4 Bangor, 493-4 Cardiff, ib. Normal, 486 St. David's, 489 Theological, 483, n. i Columns of Law, the three, 226 Commendation, of son to lord, 205 of kings and princes, 146, 148, 151-2, 157 Sec too, Submission of Welsh Princes Commission, Common Law, 387 Edward I.'s, 349-50 Henry VIII. 's, 375 of 1843, 569 of 1846 as to education, 484-5 Welsh land, Preface and Note to Reader Committee of 18S1 on education in Wales, 492-3, 512 to promote University, 490-1, 497 Conferences as to education, in 1863, 490 in 1888, 495 in 1893, 498 Conquest of Wales, Roman, 90-103 Norman, 261-307 Edwardian, 337-42 Conquest of Amwythig, 274 Brecheiniog, 281 Buatlt, lb. Dyfed, 282 Gloucestershire, 274 Gower, 284 Gwent, 278 Gwyned, 340-2 INDEX. ^73 Conquest of Herefordshire, 274 Keredigion, 297 Kidweli, 284 Morgannwg, 278-81 Powys, 291-303 Worcestershire, 274 Ystrad Towy, 284 Contracts, 225-6 Counties, Welsh, list of. Int. XV. formation of, 347-8, 351-2, 370-5 Court, of the cantref, 240 of the cymwd, zb. of the king, 239 of the President and Council of the Marches, 362-3, 363-6, 384-6 of Great Sessions, 377-9, 383, 386-92 county, 391 of the Household, 193 ecclesiastical, 217 Cowyit, 212, n. i Crops, 249 Crusade, Baldwin's preaching of a, 246 Cyfarwys, 206, //'. n. 2 Cymro, Cymry, Cymru, Cymraeg, meaning of, 26, 117 origin of, 26, 106, 118-20 Cymwd, Int. xvii. 130-1, 133, 190 Cynghaws, 242 Cyngheitor, 190 D Da, 206, 208-9, 210 Dadenhud, 208, 244 Dadleuoed breninawl, 241 Danes, 27 Danish invasions, 142-3 Dawn-bwyd, 224, n. i Dee, rowing of Eadgar on the, 155 Deheubarth, 134, 162 Deheubarthwyr, ?7'. Demetia, 8 Descent on death of Tir gwelyawg, 221-2 Tir cyfrif, 225 Dialects of Welsh, 8-9 Gwyndodeg, 8 W.P. Dialects of Welsh, Gwenhwyseg, id., 20-1 Powyseg, i'l;. Dialwr, 193 Diet of the Welsh, at present, 551-565 in mediaeval times, 250 Dirwy, 238 Dispute between Howel Da and Morgan Hen, 153-4 Division of Wales into kingdoms, 130, 144-8 principalities, id. cantrefs and cymwds, Int. xvii. lordships marchers. Int. xviii., 356-61 counties. Int. xv. hundreds, id. in 1282, 347-8 Divorce, 213-14 Diwygiad, the, 591 Dragon, Red, 106 of the island, 107 Dress, at present, 565-70 in early times, 251 Druids, 255 Drunkenness, 586-7 Dux Britanniae, Dux Britanniarum Int. xxiv., 106-7, 118-9 Dux Brittonum, 109 Dyfed, 134, 150 Eadgar, submission of Welsh rulers to, 159 Eadward, submission of Welsh rulers to, id. Ebediw, 221 Ecclesiastical persons, 216 Ecgbryht, submission of Welsh rulers to, 141 Edling, 202 Edward I.'s conquest of Wales, 350-4 his settlement of Welsh affairs, 361 its constitutional effect, 355-61 EistejJfod, 516-524 Elementary schools, 485-6, 529 Enclosures, 247, n. i English, 30-1, 543-50 Epitaph, see Inscriptions X X 674 INDEX. Erw, 218-9, 7.1 8, n. i Estates, change from lordships to, 440-52 formation and continuity of, 437-440 smallness of, in Wales, 449-50 Etifed, 222 Excerpta quaedam de libro Davidis, 177, n. 2 Exchequer, Court of, proceedings of Welsh tenants in, 413-7 Expeditions into Wales of Edward I., 335, 340 Harold, 171-3 Henry I., 290, 302 Henry H., 309, 311, 315 Henry HI., 319, 320, 323, 324, 325 John, 316 William I., 273 William H., 284-5, 286-7 Extent of Kidvveli, 423 of St. David's, 425 Farmers, 579-80 Farmhouses, 570-77 Flemings, 27-30 Fosterage, 207 French, 270 Fynwy, Sir, Int. xv. Galanas, 226, 227-34 amount of, 229-30 assessment of, 230-1 division of, 231-2 procedure as to, 232-3 spear-penny, 230 Galatic language, 4 Gavael, 200, n. i, 218-9 Glamorganshire, Int. xvi. Gloucestershire, 274, 280 Goidelic language, 1-4, 532 Goidels, 1-8, 83, 120 Gortatlea, inscription at, 48 Gosgorct, 204 Great progress of the king, 204 Guests, 250 Gwadol, 209 Gweision bychain, 206 Gwely, 195, 220 Gwent, 134-6, 275 Gwentian Brut, 126, n. i Gwlad, 190 Gwledig, 106, 108-9, 119 Gwrda : see Uchelwr Gwrthdrych, 203, //'. n. 3 Gwyned, 119, 134, 150-1 laws of, 1 80- 1 over-lordship of, 135 special position of, 306-7 H Habits of the Welsh, at present, 579-90 in earlier times, 251-2 Harper, 514, n. i Havod-dy, 248 Heir, 222 Hen-dref, 248 Hereford, 168-9, 274 History of Wales ; see Authorities Homage : see Submission Hospitality, 250 Household, king's, 197 — 202 Household, Welsh, 250 Houses of the Welsh, early, 199-200 labourers', 577-79 modern, 570-77 Howel Da, assembly at Ty Gwyn, 179, 181 dispute with Morgan Hen, 153-5 laws of, 155 e( set/. visit to Rome, 181-4 visits to the English court, 153 Hundreds, Int. xvii., 357, 377 Husband : see Marriage I Ictis, 78 Immorality, 581-6 Infant, status of male, 205-8 status of female, 208-10 cyvarwys, 206, id. n. 2 INDEX. 675 Inscriptions at or near to Ballintaggart, 57 Bere, 47 Castle Dwyran, 98, n. i Clydai, 17 Colchester, 46, 62-64 Corkaguiny, 52, 58 Dunball, 47 Dunlo, 18 Dunmore Head, 57-8 Gortatlea, 48 Helston, 17 Kilkenny Museum, 65 Lanfaglan, 17 Newton, 17 Omagh, 18 Shetlands, 64 St. Vigeans, 16 Valentia, 64 Ventry's (Lord) Residence, 57 Winsford Hill, 47 in CO. Waterford, 52 Ogam, 2, il>. n. 2, 65 Instruments of husbandry, 249 of music, 254 Roman, 2 Intermediate education, 487-8, 492 Interregnum in Gwyned, 159, n. 3, 160 Invasions of Wales : see Expeditions Ireland, settlements of Celts in, 85 Irish, 30 J John's expedition into Wales, 316 relations with ILewelyn Fawr, 316-7 Judges, in early times, 24 1 -245 of the Great Sessions, 377, 391-2 English, in Wales, 392 Judicial procedure, 241-45 Justice, Chief, under ancient Welsh system, 239 of Chester, 277 Justices of the Peace, 378-9 K Kennadlawg, battle of, 309 Keredigioh, kingdom of, 134 Norman conquest of, 297 Kin, nearest of, 37 Kindred ; see Cenedl King, early, 107-9, 120-1, 135-40 gosgord of, 204 household of, 197-201 near relations of, 203-4 progress of, 204 Kingship, the Cymric, 147 Lagana, 250, n. i Land : see Tir ' Landed gentry, 448-52 Landlord and tenant, 433-7 Languages, Armoric, 2 Brythonic, i Cornish, 2, 22 Cymric ; see Welsh Language English, 30 Galatic, 4 Goidelic, i, 2-4 Manx, 2 Welsh : see Welsh Language Laws, Welsh, Altera sinodus luci Victorise, 177, n. 2 Ancient Laws and Institutes, 180, ib. n. 3 assembly at Ty Gwyn, 179, 181 Blegywryd's verses, 183 Canones Wallici, 177, n. 2 character of the, 185-8 Excerpta qusedam de libro Davidis, 177, n. 2 Hen Lyfr y Ty Gwyn, 179, 181 Howel Da's visit to Rome in connection with the, 181-4 Latin versions of, 181 : see App. D. MSS. of the, 176, 181 origin of, 186-8 Prefatio Gildas de penitentia, 177, n. 2 Sinodus Aquilonis Britannias, 177, n. 2 Triads of Dyfnwal Moelmud, 184-5 Legal profession, 392-4 Liber Landavensis, 128, n. 3 Life of the Welsh farmer, 579-80, 587-8, 596-608 by6 INDEX. Lordships, Int. xviii., 304-5, 409 Lords Marchers, Int. xviii., 304, 356-61, 370, 372, 382, 438-40 IL ILadrad, 226, 234-7 definitions of wrongs, as to da, 235 legal prosecution for theft, 236 ILyfr prawf, 226 Lys, cyvreithiau y, 197 officers of the, 197-8 And see Court and King M Mabinogi of Math, 37 Madog's career, 294-9 Maenol, 218-9, 218, n. 2 Maer, 190 Manx language, 2 Marriage, Cymric, a contract, 210 agwedi, 211, 213 argyvreu, 209, 213 conflict with Church as to, 210, 212 cowyit, 212, n, I dower of wife, 253 how made, 211 separation or divorce, condi- tions of, 213-4 Maxen's Dream, 43 Meals of the Welsh, 250 Measurement of the island, 130-4 Mechain, battle in, 269 Mechniaeth, 225 Mercia, division of, 149-50 Earls of, 163 Lady of, 150 relations of Gruffydab ILewelyn with, 165 Migration of tribes, 3-7, 9-12 of Cuneda, 1 19-21, 120, n. 2 Morgannwg, Int. xvi., 154, 27S-81 Mormonism, in relation to the Welsh, 595-6 MSS. of Laws, 176, iSi : see An- thorities Museum, claim for a Welsh, 536-7 Music, 254 Musical instruments, 254 N Nawd, 238 Near relations of the King, 203-4 Newspapers, Welsh, 60S-9 Nonconformity in Wales, beginning of, 462 characteristics of, 589 results of, 473-7 statistics as to, 453-8 the great revival, 469-70, 473 Normal colleges or schools, 486 Norman Conquest of Wales, its nature, 261-69 its results as to land tenure, 304-6, 326-7. 396-406 Normans, 27, 35 O O ach ac edryu, plaint by, 244 Oaths, 244-5 Offa's Dyke, 140-1 Office, braint of, 217-S Ogam, 2, 2, n. 2, 65 Ordeals, 245 Overlordship of Gwyned, 135 Parishes, Welsh, Int. xvii. Parliamentary representation, 374-5 Peace of Wedmore, 149 ; see Treaty Pedigree, importance of, 257 of Morcant, 132, n. i of Owain ab Howel Da, 138, n. 2 Penkenedl, 192-3 Penteulu, 193 Periodicals, Welsh, 533-35, 608 Person, different classes of, 19 1-2 Personal habits of Welsh, 251 Picts, 14-23, 34 Plaint by dadenhud, 244 kin and reckoning, ib. Poetry, Welsh, 246-7, 254 : see Bard and Eistedfod Population, Int. xviii. -xxii. Welsh-speaking, 543-50 Powys, 291-303 Preachers, Welsh, 472-3, 477, n. i Prefatio Gildse de penitentia, 177, n. 2 INDEX. 677 Prince : see Tywysog Priodolion Leoed", 199-201 Progress : see King Proof Book, 226, 647 PwH: Gwdyc, battle of, 272 Q Quarter Sessions, 379 Queen's Court or Household, 198 Quit-rents, 403-4 R Races, Aboriginal, Int. xxiv., 11-14, 36, 61, 120 Brythons, 1-8, 10, 35, 36, 86, 120 Celts, I, 4-5, 61 Cymry, 26, 117, 119 Danes, 27 English, 30-1 Flemings, 28-30 Goidels, 1-8, 83, 120 Irish, 30 Normans, 27, 35 Ovo\ovvroi, ib. Picts, 14-23, 34 Romans, 27 Scandinavians, 27, 31, 35 Ultonian, 87-8 Randir, 218 Reading-rooms, 60 1 -8 Real contracts, 225 Reception into the cenedl, 205 Recovery of da, 235 Retinue of the king, 204 Revival, 591 the great, 471-475 its results, 475-6 Rhaith, 205, n. i Rhudlan, statute of, 350-6 Rig Domna, 203, n. 3 Roman administration, 103-5 officers, ib. Romans, 27 Saint David's College, 489 Sale of goods, 225 of land, 222-3 Saraad, 228 Saraad of the king of Aberffraw, 229 Saunders' Visitation of Bangor, 464 Scandinavians, 27, 31, 35 Schools, circulating, 481-2 elementary, 485-6, 529 grammar, 479 intermediate, 487-8 normal, 486 Sunday, 482, 507-8 Seiet, 589 Sein Henyd, 247, n. i Separation of husband and wife, 213-4 Sessions, Court of Great, 377-9, 383, 386-392 Quarter, 379 Sinodus Aquilonis Britannise, 177, n. 2 Society, Welsh mediaeval, 246 Son : see Infant Spear-penny, 230 Statute of RhuSlan, 350-6, 400 Statutes : 26 Henry VII. cc. 4, 5^ 6, II, 12. ..367-8 27 Henry VIII. c. 26, 368-75 34 & 35 Henry VIII. c. 26, 374-383 I Wm. & Mary, sess. i. c. 2, 386 II Geo. IV. & I Wm. IV. c. 70, 389-90 Strata Florida, meeting of Welsh vassals at, 321 Submission of Welsh princes to Alfred, 145-6, 148 .iEthelstan, 149-151 Eadgar, 159 Eadward the Elder, 149-51 Ecgbryht, 141 Edward I., 336 Harold, 173, 306 Henry I., 295, 303 Henry II., 310, 313, 314-5 Henry III., 318-9, 321-2, 325, 332, 335-7 John, 315, 319 Succession : see Descent Swansea, 247, n. 2 T Taeog, 191, zd. n. i, 214 6V seij. Tan, 226, 237-8 Tanaist, 203, il>. n. 3 678 INDEX. '-5? Teisbanteulu, 193 Tenant of Crown lands, 418-23 from year to year, 429-32, 437 in South Wales, 423-29 Terms for judicial proceedings, 242 Theological colleges, 483, n. i Tir cyfrif, 222-25 dawn-bwyd from, 224, n. i duties of tenants of, 223-4 succession on death of, 225 Tir gwelyawg, 220-1 alienation of, 222-3 ebediw, 221 etifed, 222 gwestva from, 220 succession on death to, 221-2 tunc pound, 221 Towns, 163, 247, id. n. 2 Treaty of Alnet, 323 Conway, 335 6 Montgomery, 332 Woodstock, 325 Triads of Dyfnwal Moelmud, 184-5 Trial, method of, 242-4 Tribal system, 186, 188-93, 349"402 Tribes, distribution of Celtic, in Britain, 1111-6 on Continent, 5 migrations of, 3-7, 9-12 Tydyn, 193, id. n. 4, 218 Ty Gwyn, assembly at, 647 Tywysog, 134 U Uchelwr, 191, 195, 204 £/ se(/. Ultonian race, 87-8 University of Wales, charter of, 498-9 colleges of the, 493-4 Cromwell and Baxter's corre- spondence as to, 480 University of Wales, Glyndwr's project, 469 modern movement for a, 489- 91, 494-500 opposition in Parliament to the, 498-500 St. David's College, 489 W Wales, divisions of, Int. xv.-xviii. its physical aspect, 247 See cantref, counties, cymwd, division, hundred, lordships, parishes Warfare, methods of Welsh, 252-4 Weapons, 253, id. n. i Wedmore, peace of, 149 Wele, 397 Welsh books, 530-6 statistics as to, 530, 533 Welsh language, its relation to kindred languages, 502-3 its history, 503-11, 513-6 its prospects, 5 10- 11 Wife : see Marriage Witenagemot, attendance of Welsh princes at, 152-3, 153, n. 2, 156 Wotton's Leges Wallicas, 179-80, 180, n. I Ynad ILys, 239 Yokes, 249 Ystrad Clud, 149, n. 2 Ystrad Towi, 284 BKAUBUKY, AGNEW, & CO. LD., PRINTERS, LONDON AND TONBRIDGE. LbJL^o >r LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ^ 0 021 389 398 1. 