A complete collection of the treaties and conventions at present subsisting between Great Britain & foreign powers; so far as they relate to commerce and navigation; to the repression and abolition of the slave trade; and to the privileges and interests of the subjects of the high contracting parties. The whole in English, and the modern treaties, and most important documents, also in the foreign languages in which they were signed
Plantiigie, met ultzondering alleeii van het geen V>etrekkiiig lieeft lot den tyd op we^ke de betaling gevorderd zal kiinnen worden, ten dien effecte dat geen latere Schuldeisscher uit deze schikking eenige de minste bevoegdheid zal kunnen adeiden ten nadeele der Regten van den oorspronkelyken Crediteur, en dat geene verdere opschorting van betaling (surchtance) bulten die, welke hierin bepaald is, plaats zal kunnen hebben,zonder het speciaal consent van den Crediteur. Verder wordt bepaald, dat ten einde de Hjpotheekhouder ge- regtigd zy om de Zekerheid in dit Artikel omschreven te beko- men, hy verpligt zal zyn, om, zoodra de gem: Akte in de Kolonie zal zyn geregistreerd, en aan den Hypotheekhouder of zyn Agent in de Kolonie ter hand gesteld, (de onkosten van welke regis- tratie door den Eigenaar moeten gedragen worden) overtegeven, ten fine van royeeringe, de Akten van Hypotheeken of Schuldver- bindtenissen hem oorspronkelyk ter hand gesteld, of een legaal bewys overteleggen dat die Akten van Hypotheek of Schuld- verbindtenissen, behoorlyk zyn geroyeerd, en niet verder van eenige waarde of kragt zyn. Wordende verder wel expresselyk bepaald, dat, met uitzondering van de wyzingen in dit Artikel gespecificeerd, de Regten van de Hypotheekhouders of Schuldeischers zullen blyven in hun geheel. V. Alle Nederlandsche Eigenaren, die als zodanig by deze Conventie erkend Morden, zullen bevoegd zyn om hunne Plan- tagien uit de Nederlanden van de gewoone benodigdheden te voorzien ; en, in retour, naar de Nederlanden te mogen uitvoeren de Produkten van voorsz : Plantagien : maar zal alle andere invoer van goederen uit de Nederlanden in de Kolonien, of uitvoer van Produkten uit de Kolonien naar de Nederlanden, striktelyk ver- boden zyn ; en wordt verder bepaald dat geen uitvoer van eenig Artikel, het welk het mogt verboden zyn uit de Britsche Stateu derwaards te voeren, uit de Nederlanden derwaards zal mogen geschieden. VI. Door Hollandsche Eigenaren moeten verstaan worden: Vooreerst : Alle Onderdanen van Zyne Majesteit den Koning der Nederlanden in Hoogstdeszelfs Europische Staten wonende, en Jlans Grondeigenaren in de voorsz : Kolonien zyndc. Ten t\v€ede : — Alle Onderdanen van Hoog.^tgcz : Zyn« Majes- NETHERLANDS. 375 cMance) beyond that herein agreed upon, shall take place without the original creditor's especial consent. It is farther agreed, that in order to entitle the mortgagee to receive the security specified in this Article, he shall, as soon as the said security is duly recorded in the said Colony and delivered to the mortgagee or his agent, in the Colony (the expenses of such record being defrayed by the proprietors), deliver up to be cancelled the mortgages or bonds originally granted to him, or exhibit legal proof that the said mortgages and bonds have been <luly cancelled, and are no longer of any valive. It is further expressly agreed, that, with the exceptions of the modifications specified in this Article, the rights of mortgagees and creditors shall remain intact. V. It is agreed that all Dutch proprietors, acknowledged to be such by the present Convention, shall be entitled to supply their estates from the Netherlands with the usual articles of supply ; and in return, to export to the Netherlands the produce of the said estates ; but that all other importation of goods from the Netherlands into the Colonies, or export of produce from the Colonies to the Netherlands, shall be strictly prohibited ; and it is further agreed, that the exportation of all such articles as may be prohibited to be exported to those Colonies from the British dominions, shall be also prohibited to be exported from the Ne- therlands. VI. By Dutch proprietors are to be understood: — First, All subjects of His Majesty the King of the Nether- lands resident in His said Majesty's European dominions, who are at present proprietors in the said Colonies. Secondly, All subjects of His said Majesty who may hereafter B b4 375 NEDERLAMDEN. teit die in vervolg van tyd mogten geraken in het bezil tltr IMan- tagien thans aan Hollandsche Eigenaren in dezelve behoorende. Ten Derde : — AUe zoodanige Grond Eigenaren, die, in de gez: Kolonien thans wonende, in de Nederlanden geboren zyn, en in conformiteit van Artlkel 8 van deze Conventie mogten ver- klaren als Nederlandsche Eigenaren by voortdnring te willen bijven geconsidereerd ; en TenVierde: — Alle Onderdanen van Hoogstgez: Zyne Majes- teit, die mogten zyn bonders van Hypotheeken op Pkmtagien in gez : Kolonien, voor de dagteekening van deze Conventie gevestigd, en die, volgens hunne Akte van Hypotheek, het Regt bezitten cm de Produkten van gezegde Plantagien naar de Nederlanden uitte- voeren, onder de restrictie echter in Artikel 9 bepaald. VII. In alle gevallen in welke het regt van voorziening van gehypothekeerde Plantagien met behoeften, en het regt van uit- voer van Produkten van dezelve naar Nederland, niet dadelyk aan den Hypotheekhouder vcrzekerd is, zal het dezen vergund zyn om alleen nit de Kolonie zoodanige quantiteit van Produkten uit- tevoeren als genoegzaam zal zyn om, gerekend na de Prys-Cou- rant in de Kolonie, het beloop van de Interessen of Kapitaal jaarlyks aan hem verschuldigd te betalen, en daar en tegen, in dezelfde evenredigheid, Artikelen van benodigheden in de Kolo- nie iritevoeren. VIIT. Alle Eigenaren, onderdanen zynde van Zyne Majesteit den Koning der Nederlanden, thans in dezelve Kolonien woon- achtig, zuUen verpligt zyn, ten einde tot de voordeelen van deze Conventie geregtigd te zyn, binnen drie Maanden na de Publi- catie van dien in de voorsz : Kolonien, te verklaren of zy genegen zyn als zoodanig by voortduring te worden aangemerkt. IX. In alle de gevallen in welke beide Nederlandsche en Engelsche Onderdanen op dezelfde Plantagie in de voorsz : Kolo- nien Hypotheek hebben, zal de hoeveelheid van Produkten, die aan de Onderscheide Hypotheekhouders moet worden gecon- signeerd, zyn in evenredigheid van het beloop van de Schuld aan elk respectivelyk verschuldigd. X. Ten einde de bepalingen van de tegenswoordige Con- ventie des te gemaklyker in werking tc brengen en te houden, wordt bepaald, dat elk jaar, op order van den Koning der Neder- NETHERLANDS. .-577 become possessed of estates now belonging to Dutch Proprie- tors therein. Thirdly, All such proprietors as, being now resident in the above Colonies, and being natives of the Netherlands, may (by virtue of Article 8 of the present Convention) declare that they wish to continue to be considered as such ; and Fourthly, All subjects of His said Majesty who may be the holders of mortgages on estates in the said Colonies, made prior to the date of this Convention, and who may, under their mort- gage deeds, have the rigiit of exporting from the said Colonies to the Netherlands, the produce of the said estates ; subject, never- theless, to the restrictions specified in Article <)• VII. In all cases where the right of supplying the mortgaged estate with articles of supply, and exporting produce from it to the Netherlands, is not actually secured to the mortgagee by the mortgage deed, the mortgagee shall be allowed to export from the Colony only such quantity of produce as will be sufficient, when estimated at the current prices of the Colony, to pay the amount of interest or principal annually due to him and to import into the Colony articles of supply in the same proportion. VIII. All proprietors, subjects to His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, now residing in the above Colonies, must, in order to entitle themselves to the benefits of this Convention, declare, within three months after the publication of this Convention in the said Colonies, whether they wish to be considered as such. IX. In all cases where both Dutch and British subjects have mortgages upon the same property in the said Colonies, the quantity of produce to be consigned to the different mortgagees, shall be in proportion to the amount of the debts respectively due to them. X. In order more easily to carry into effect, and the better to ensure the execution of the provisions of this Convention, it is agreed, that exact and specific lists shall be made out every year. 378 NEDERLANDEN. landen, naauwkeurige en specifieke Lysten zuUen worden opge- maakt, bevattende de nanien en woonplaatsen der Eigenaren in de Nederlanden resideerende ; te gelyk met de namen en beschry- vingen van de Plantagien hun respectivelyk toebehoorende, met by voeging, of de laatstgem : zy eene Suiker of eenige andere Plan- tagie, en of de eerstgem : voor het geheel, dan voor een gedeelte, Eigenaars der Plantagie zyn: soortgelyke Lysten zullen ook worden opgemaakt van de Hypotheeken op de Plantagien geves- tigd, in zoo verre die Hypotheeken in het bezit van Nederlandsche Onderdanen zyn ; specificeerende het bedragen van de schuld op Hypotheek, zoo als die thans bestaat, of zoo als die ait kragte van Artikel 4 zal worden bepaald. Deze Lysten zullen aan het Britsch Gouvernement worden ter hand gesteld, en naar de meergem : Kolonien worden gezonden, ten einde, met byvoeging van de Lyst der Nederlandsche Eige- naren in de voorsz : Kolonien wonende, te kunnen dienen tot bepaling van het gantsche bedragen van de Nederlandsclie Popu- latie en Eigendom of interest in de voorsz : Kolonien. Xr. Zyne Majesteit de Koning der Nederlanden aan Zyne Groot-Britannische Majesteit voorgesteld hebbende, dat de Ne- derlandsche Kooplieden en Actie-houders (bekend onder den Naam van de Societeit van de Berbice) eene rechtmatige aan- spraak hebben op zekere Plantagien voormaals door dezelve in de Kolonie de Berbice aangelegd, uit het bezit van dewelke zy door de revolutionaire Regering in Holland gezetwaren, en welke by de laatste inname van de gem : Kolonie door de Wapenen van Zyne Groot-Britannische Majesteit zyn aangezien geworden als Gouvemements Eigendom, zoo verbindt zich Zyne Groot- Britannische Majesteit aan de gem : Societeit van de Berbice, binnen den tyd van zes Maanden na de uitwisseling der Ratifica- tien van de tegenswoordige Conventie, te restitueeren de Plan- tagien, Dageraad, Dankbaarheid, Johanna, en Sandioort, met derzelver Negers en verder Toebehoren, tegenswoordig op dezelve dadelyk gebruikt wordende, en zulks in volkomen ver- goeding en voldoening van alle pretentien, welke gem : Societeit zoude mogen hebben, of sustineeren te hebben, ten lasten van Zyne Groot-Britannische Majesteit ofte Hoogstdeszelfs Onderdanen, uit hoofde van eenigenEigendom voormaals aan meergem : Socie- teit in de Kolonie de Berbice toebehoord hebbende. NETHERLANDS. 37<J hj Older of the King of the Netherlands, containing the names and places of abode of the proprietors resident in the Nether- lands, together with the name and description of the estate be- longing to them respectively, specifying whether the same be a sugar or other plantation, and whether the whole or any part of the estate belong to the proprietor in question : similar lists shall also be made out of the existing mortgages on estates, in as far as these mortgages are held by Dutch subjects, specifying the amount of the debt on mortgage, either actually existing, or to be made out by virtue of the provisions of Article 4. These lists shall be delivered over to the British Government, and shall be sent to the Colonies in question, in order to make out from them, in conjunction with a list of the Dutch proprie- tors resident in the said Colonies, the whole amount of the Dutch population and property or interest in the said Colonies. XI. His Majesty the King of the Netherlands having repre- sented to His Britannic Majesty that the Company of Dutch Merchants and others (styling themselves the Berbice Association), have a just claim to certain estates formerly settled by them in the Colony of Berbice, of which they were dispossessed by the Revolutionary Government of Holland, and which, on the cap- ture of the said Colony by his Britannic Majesty, were considered as Government property; His Britannic Majesty engages to restore to the said Berbice Association, within six months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present Convention, the estates of Dageraad, Dankbaarrheid, Johanna, and Sandvoort, together with all the negroes and stock now actually employed upon the same ; such restoration to be in full compensation and satisfaction of all claims which the said Association may have, or may pretend to have, against His Britannic Majesty or His subjects, on account of any property heretofore belonging to them in the Colony of Berbice. 380 NEDERLANDEN. XII. Alle questieu die tusschen byzondere Personen, betrek- kelyk de Eigendoms- Regten, in de bepaling van deze tegenswoor- dige Conventie vallende, mogten ontstaan, zullen door den bevoegden Regter volgens de Wetten, in de voorsz : Kolonien in kracht, worden beslist. XIII. Zyne Britsche Majesteit neemt aan, cm, in alle geval- len waarin de Regten en belangens van de Nederlandsche Eige- naren betrokken zyn, met de uiterste billykheid en onparty- digheid te werk te gaan. XIV. De beide Hooge Contracteerende Partyen behouden aan zich de magt om in het vervolg zoodanige modificatien in deze tegenswoordige Conventie te maken, als de ondervinding mogt doen zien dat voor de belangens van beide mogten te ver- langen zyn. XV. Eindelyk wordt bepaald, dat de Stipulatien van deze Conventie van kragt zullen zyn van den dag der uitwisseling van de Ratificatien van dien. XVI. De tegenswoordige Conventie zal worden geratificeerd,. en de Ratificatien van dien worden uitgewisseld te London, binnen drie Weeken na de Dagteekening derzelver, of eerder indien mo- Ten Oirkonde dezer hebben de respective Plenipotentiarissen deze geteekend, en met het Cachet hunner Wapens voorzien. Aldus gedaan te London, den 12den Augustus, 1815. Was geteekend Bathuust, (L.S.) H. Fag el, (L.S.) TRAITE entre la Grande Bretagne et les Pays-Bus. Sigiie a la Hai/e, le 4 Mai, 1818. Au Nom de la Tres-Sainte Trinite. Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'lrlande, et Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, animees d'un desir mutuel d'adopter les mesures les plus efficaces pour empecher le Commerce des Esclaves par leurs sujets, et prevenir que d'autres Nations qui s'y trouvent engagees ne se servent de leurs pavilions respectifs pour proteger cet odicux trafic j leurs dites Majestes NETHERLANDS. 581 XII. All questions of a private nature, relating to such pro- perty as conies within the operation of this Convention, shall be decided by competent judicial authority, according to the laws in force in the said Colonies. XIII. His Britannic Majesty engages, that the utmost fairness and impartiality shall be shewn in all matters affecting the rights and interests of Dutch proprietors. XIV. The two high Contracting Parties reserve to themselves the power of making such future moditications in the present Convention, as experience may point out to be desirable for the interest of both. ' XV. Lastly, it is agreed, that the provisions of this Conven- tion shall be in force from the date of the exchange of the ratifi- cations. XVI. The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifi- cations thereof shall be exchanged in London, within three weeks from the date hereof, or sooner, if possible. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed it, and affixed thereunto the seal of their arms. Done at London, the 12th of August, 1815. Signed Bathurst, (L.S.) H. Fagel, (L.S.) TREATY between Great Britain and the Netherlands. Signed at the Hague, May 4th 1818. In the Name of the Most Holy Trinity. His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, animated with a mutual desire to adopt the most effectual measures for putting a stop to the carrying on of the Slave Trade by their respective subjects, and for preventing their respective flags from being made use of as a protection to this nefarious 382 PAYS-BAS. out r^solu de proc^der ^ la conclusion d'un Traite pour atteindre ce double but et ont nomme ^ cette fin leurs Plenipotentiaires, ad hoc, savoir : Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'Irlande, le Tr^s-Honorable Richard Conite de Clancavtv, Vi- conite Dunlo, Baron Kilconnel, Baron Trench de Garbally, du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et de I'lrlande, Conseiller en Son Conseil Prive de la Grande Bretagne et de I'lrlande, Membre du Comite du Premier pour les Affaires de Commerce et des Colonies, Colonel du Regiment de Milice du Comte de Galway, Chevalier Grand Croix du Tres-Honorable Ordre du Bain, Son Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Plenlpotentiaire aupres de Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, Grand Due de Luxem- bourg ; et Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, le Sieur Anne Wil- lem Carel Baron de Nagell d'Ampsen, Membre du Corps des Nobles de la Province de Gueldre, Grand Croix des Ordres du Lion Belgique et de Charles IIL, Son Cliambellan et Ministre d'Etat ayant le Departement des Affaires Etrangeres; et le Sieur Conielis Felix van Maanen, Commandeur de I'Ordre du Lion Belgique, Son Ministre d'Etat ayant le Departement de la Jus- tice ; lesquels, apres avoir ^change leurs Pleins-pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des Articles suivans : I. Les lois du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et de I'lr- lande, assujettissant deja d de tres-graves peines, les sujets de Sa Majeste Britannique, qui font la Traite des Negres ou qui y seront concernes d'une maniere quelconque, Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, se referant a I'Article VIII de la Convention con- clue avec Sa Majeste Britannique, le 13 Ao(it, 1814, s'engage en consequence a defendre, dans le terme de huit mois apres la rati- fication des presentes, ou plutot si faire se pourra, a tons Ses sujets, de la maniere la plus efficace, et specialement par les lois penales les plus formelles, de prendre aucune part quelconque a la Traite des Negres. Au cas que les mesures repressives contre la Traite des Negres, dejd prises par le Gouvernement de la Grande Bretagne, et d prendre par celui des Pays-Bas, fussent NETHERLANDS. His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Kight Honourable Richard Earl of Clancarty, Viscount Dunlo, Baron Kilconnel, Baron Trench of Garbally, in the United Kingdom of Great Britahi and Ireland, one of Hi* Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council in Great Britain and also in Ireland, Member of the Committee of the first for the affairs of Commerce and Colonies, Colonel of the Regiment of Militia of the County of Galway, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of His said Majesty to His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxemburg ; and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, Anne William Charles Baron de Nagell d'Ampsen, Member of the Body of Nobles of the Province of Guelderland, Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Belgic Lion and of that of Charles the Third, Chamber- lain and Minister of State, holding the Department of Foreign Affairs ; and Cornelius Felix van Maanen, Commander of the Order of the Belgic Lion, and Minister of State, holding the Department of Justice; who, having exchanged their full Powers, found in good and due form, have agreed ou the following Articles : I. The laws of the United Kingdom of Great Britahi and Ire- land rendering it already highly penal for the subjects of His Britannic Majesty to carry on, or to be in any way engaged in trade in Slaves, His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, refer- ring to the 8th Article of the Convention entered into with His Britannic Majesty on the 13th August 1814, engages in pursuance thereof, and within eight months from the ratification of these presents, or sooner if possible, to prohibit all His subjects, in the most effectual manner, and especially by penal law the most formal, to take any part whatever in the Trade of Slaves ; and in the event of the measures already taken by the British Govern- ment, and to be taken by that of the Netherlands, being found ineffectual or insufficient, the high Contracting Parties mutually 384 PAYS-BAS. trouvees iuefficaces ou insuffisantes, les hautes Parties Coiitrac- tantes s'engagent d y pourvoir par de nouvelles mesures legisla- tives ou reglementaires les plus propres v\ atteindre le but qu'elles se proposent par le present Traite. II. Afin d'atteindre plus complettement le but de preveiiir tout Commerce d'Esclaves de la part de leurs sujets respectifs, les deux hautes Parties Contractantes consentent mutuellement A ce que les vaisseaux de leurs Marines Royales qui seront munis d'Instructions speciales d cet effet, telles qu'on les trouve men- tionnees ci-apr^s, pourront visiter tels navires niarchands des deux nations, qui sur des presomptions raisonnables, seraient sus- pects d'avoir des Esclaves a bord, destines pour un commerce illicite, et dans le cas seulement qu'ils trouveraient de pareils Esclaves a bord, ils pourront arreter et amener les navires, afin d'etre mis en jugement par devant les tribunaux etablis pour cet objet, ainsi qu'il sera specific plus bas. III. Afin d'expliquer le mode d'execution de 1' Article prece- dent, il est convenu : 1. Que ce droit reciproque de visitation et d'arrestation ne saurait etre exerce dans la Mer Mediterranee, ni dans les Mers Europeennes, situees hors du detroit de Gibraltar, au Nord de la o7me paralelle de latitude septentrionale et a I'Est du meridieii de longitude, au 20me degre a I'Ouest de Greenwich. 2. Que les noms des differens vaisseaux, munis de pareilles Instructions, leurs forces respectives et les noms des Coniman- dans, seront communiques de terns en tems et a mesure de la delivrance d'icelles, par la Puissance, qui en fait I'expedition A I'autre haute Partie Contractante. 3. Que le nombre des vaisseaux de chacune des Marines Royales autorises d executer la visitation susdite ne pourra exce- der le nombre de douze, appartenant 'k chacune des hautes Par- ties Contractantes, sans le consentement expres de I'autre Puis- sance, prealablement obtenu. 4. Pour le cas, on il serait juge necessaire, qu'un vaisseau de la Marine Royale de I'une ou de I'autre des deux hautes Parties Contractantes, ii ce autoris6 proc6dat it visiter im ou plusieurs NETHERLANDS. 385 engage to adopt such further measures, whether by legal provi- sion or otherwise, as may from time to time appear to be best calculated, in the most effectual manner, to prevent all their respective subjects from taking any share whatever in this nefarious traffic. II. The two high Contracting Parties, for the more complete attainment of the object of preventing all traffic in Slaves, on the part of their respective subjects, mutually consent that the ships of their Royal Navies, which shall be provided with special In- structions for this purpose, as herein-after mentioned, may visit such merchant vessels of the two nations, as may be suspected, upon reasonable grounds, of having Slaves on board for an illicit traffic ; and in the event only of their finding such Slaves on board, may detain and bring away such vessels, in order that they may be brought to trial before the tribunals established for this purpose, as shall hereinafter be specified. III. In the intention of explaining the mode of execution of the preceding Article it is agreed ; 1st. That such reciprocal right of visit and detention shall not be exercised within the Mediterranean Sea, or within the Seas in Europe lying without the Straits of Gibraltar, and which lie to the northward of the thirty-seventh parallel of north latitude, and also within, and to the eastward of the meridian of longitude twenty degrees west of Greenwich. 2d. That the names of the several vessels furnished with such Instructions, the force of each, and the names of their several Commanders shall be, from time to time, immediately upon their issue, communicated by the Power issuing the same to the other high Contracting Party. "d. That the number of ships of each of the Royal Navies authorized to make such visit as aforesaid, shall not exceed the number of twelve, belonging to either of the high Contracting Parties, without the special consent of the other high Contracting Party being first had and obtained. 4th. That if at any time it should be deemed expedient that any ship of the Royal Navy of either of the two high Contracting ' Parties, authorized to make such visit as aforesaid, should proceed^ VOL. I. c c 386 PAYS-BAS. navires marchands sous le pavilion, et sous le convoi d'un ou de plusieurs vaisseaux de la Marine Royale de I'autre haute Partie Contractante, I'Officier Commandant du vaisseau duement auto- rise et commissionne i^ faire pareille visitation, y procedera con- jointement avec I'Otiicier, qui commande le convoi, lequel accor- dera toute facilite a pareille visite et a la detention eventuelle des vaisseaux marchands ainsi visites, et contribuera de tout son pou- voir a I'execution de la presente Convention, conformement d sou intention et son motif. 5. II est aussi convenu, que les Commandans des vaisseaux des deux Marines Royales qui seront employes ^ ce service devront s'en tenir strictement a I'exacte teneur des Instructions, qu'ils recevront 'X cet efFet. IV. Les deux Articles precedens etant eutierement reciproques les deux hautes Parties Contractantes s'engagent mutuellement k indemniser leurs sujets respectifs de toutes les pertes, qu'ils pour- ront essuyer injustement par la detention illegale et arbitraire de leurs vaisseaux ; il est entendu que cette indemnisation sera inva- riablement a la charge du Gouvernement dont les croiseurs se seront rendus coupables de la detention arbitraire, et que la visi- tation et la detention des navires designes dans ces Articles ne sauraient etre effectuees que par ceux d'entre les vaisseaux des Pays-Bas et Britanniques, qui, non-seulement font partie des deux Marines Royales, mais qui seront munis des Instructions speciales annexees au present Traite, et en se conformant aux dispositions d'icelles. V. Nul croiseur des Pays-Bas ou Britannique ne pourra dete- nir un navire quelconque, s'il n'a pas actuellement des Esclaves d bord, et afin de rendre legale la detention d'un batiment, soit des Pays-Bas ou Britannique, les Esclaves trouves a bord d'un pareil navire doivent y avoir et6 conduits dans le dessem expres d'en faire trafic. VI. Les vaisseaux de la Marine Royale des deux nations, qui par la suite seront destines d pr6venir le Commerce des Esclaves, seront munis par leur Gouvernement respectif. d'une copie des Instructions annexees au present Traite et duquel elles seront considerees comme faisant partie integrante. NETHERLANDS. 387 to visit any merchant ship or ships under the flag, and proceeding under the convoy of any vessel or vessels of the Royal Navy of the other high Contracting Party, that the Commanding Officer of the ship duly authorized and instructed to make such visit, shall proceed to effect the same in communication with the Commanding Officer of the convoy, who, it is hereby agreed, shall give every facility to such visit, and to the eventual detainer of the merchant ship or ships so visited, and in all things assist to the utmost of his power in the due execution of the present Convention, according to the true intent and meaning thereof. 5th. It is further mutually agreed, that the Commanders of the ships of the two Royal Navies, M'ho shall be employed on this ser- vice, shall adhere strictly to the exact tenor of the Instructions which they shall receive for this purpose. IV. As the two preceding Articles are entirely reciprocal, the two high Contracting Parties engage mutually to make good any losses which their respective subjects may incur unjustly, by the arbitrary and illegal detention of their vessels ; it being under- stood that this indemnity shall invariably be borne by the Govern- ment whose cruizer shall have been guilty of the arbitrary deten- tion ; and that the visit and detention of ships specified in this Article shall only be effected by those British or Netherland vessels which may form part of the two Royal Navies, and by those only of such vessels which are provided with the special Instructions annexed to the present Treaty, in pursuance of the provisions thereof. V. No British or Netherland cruizer shall detain any ship what- ever not having Slaves actually on board ; and in order to render lawful the detention of any ship, whether British or Netherland, the Slaves found on board such vessel must have been brought there for the express purpose of the traffic. VI. All ships of the Royal Navies of the two nations, which shall hereafter be destined to prevent the traffic in Slaves, shall be furnished by their respective Governments with a copy of the Instructions annexed to the present Treaty, and which shall be considered as an integral part thereof. c c 2 S88 PAYS-BAS. Ces Instructions seront en Hollandais et en Anglais, et signees pour les vaisseaux dc chacune des deux Puissances, par les Mi- nistres de leurs ^larine respective. Les deux liautes Parties Contractantes se rcservent la faculte d'alterer les dites Instructions, soit en tout, soit en partie, d'apres les circonstances. Bien entendu cependant, que les dites altera- tions ne pourront se faire que d'un accord mutuel et du consente- raent des deux Parties Contractantes. VII. Afin d'amener en jugement avec le moins de delai et d'in- conveniens les navires qui seront detenus pour etre engages dans le commerce des Esclaves, aux termes de I'Article V du present Traite, il sera etabli, dans I'espace d'un an au plus tard, h dater de Techange des ratifications du present Traite, deux Cours de Justice mixtes, composees d'un nombre egal d'individus des deux nations nommes a cet efFet par leurs Souverains respectifs. Ces Cours resideront, I'une dans une possession appartenant d Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, et I'autre sur le territoire de Sa Majeste Britannique : les deux Gouvernemens, d I'epoque de I'echange des ratifications du present Traite declareront, chacun pour ses propres domaines, en quels endroits les Cours reside- ront. Cliacune des deux hautes Parties Contractantes se reser- vant de changer, selon que bon lui semblera, le lieu de la resi- dence de la Cour etablie dans ses propres Domaines. Pourvu neanmoins que I'une des deux Cours soit toujours tenue dans une des possessions Coloniales de Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas et I'autre sur la cote d'Afi-ique. Ces Cours jugeront sans appel les Causes qui leur seront sou- mises aux termes du present Traite et conformement aux Regle- mens et Instructions y annexees, duquel ils seront considerees comme partie integrante. VIII. Dans le cas ou les Ofiiciers Commandans des vaisseaux des Marines Royales des Pays-Bas et Britannique commissionnes aux termes de I'Article Second s'ecarteraient des dispositions du present Traite de quelque maniere que ce fut, et qu'il ne seraient pas en 6tat de justifier, soit par la teneur du Trait6 meme, soit par celle des Instructions y annexees ; le Gouvernement qui se croira NETHEllLANDS. S89 These Instructions shall be Avritten in the Dutch and English languages, and signed for the vessels of each of the two Powers, by the Minister of their respective marine. The two high Contracting Parties reserve the faculty of altering the saidwj^structions, in whole or in part, according to circum- stances ; it being, however, well understood, that the said altera- tions cannot take place but by the common agreement, and by the consent of the two high Contracting Parties. VII. In order to bring to adjudication, with the least delay and inconvenience, the vessels which may be detained for having been engaged in a traffic 9'f Slaves, according to the tenor of the Fifth Article of this Treaty, there shall be established, within the space of a year at furtli^st from the exchange of the ratifications of the present Treaty, two mixed Courts of Justice, formed of an equal number of individuals of the two nations, named for this purpose by their resu^ctive Sovereigns. These Ctiurts shall reside — one in a possession belonging to His Britannic Majesty, the other M'ithin the territories of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands ; and the two Governments, at the period of the exchange of the ratifications of the present Treaty, shall declare, each for its own dominions, in what places the Courts shall respectively reside. Each of the two high Con- tracting Parties reserving to itself the right of changing, at its pleasuie, the place of residence of the Court held within its own dominions ; provided, however, that one of the two Courts shall always .|)e held upon the coast of Africa, and the other in one of the colonial possessions of His Majesty the King of the Nether- lands. These Courts shall judge the Causes submitted to them accord- ing to the terms of the present Treaty, without appeal, and according to the Regulations and Instructions annexed to the pre- sent Treaty, of which they shall be considered as an integral part. VIII. In case the Commanding Officer of any of the ships of the Royal Navies of Great Britain, and of the Netherlands, com- missioned under the Second Article of this Treaty, shall deviate in any respect from the dispositions of the said Treaty, and shall not be enabled to justify himself, either by the tenor of the said Treaty, or of the Instructions annexed to it; the Government which c c 3 390 PAYS-BAS. lese par une telle conduite aura droit de demander reparation et en tel cas le Gouvernement auquel les dits Officiers Commandans apparticndront, s'oblige a faire instituer des enquetes au sujet de la plainte et a infliger, lors qu'elle sera troiivee fondee, une puni- tion proportionnee a la transgression commise. IX. Les Actes ou Instrumens annexes au present Traite, et qui en forment partie integrante, sont les suivans : a. Les Instructions pour les vaisseaux des Marines Royales des deux nations, destines a prevenir le Commerce des Esclaves. b. Les Reglemens pour les Cours de Justice mixtes, qui siegeront dans une des possessions Coloniales de Sa Majest6 le Roi des Pays-Bas et sur la cote d'Afrique. X. Le present Trait6 consistant en dix Articles sera ratifie et les ratifications echangees dans I'espace d'un mois ou plutot si faire se pent. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires respectifs I'ont signes et y ont appose le cachet de leurs armes. Fait ^ la Haye, le 4 Mai, Tan de Gr^ce, IS 18. Sign6 Clancarty, (L.S.) A. W.C. de Nagell, (L.S.) Van Maanen, (L.S.) AcTEs Annexes NETHERLANDS. 391 shall conceive itself lo be wronged by such conduct, shall be entitled to demand reparation, and in such case the Governnjcnt, to which the captor may belong, binds itself to cause inquiry to be made into the subject of the complaint, and to inflict upon the captor, if ho be found to have deserved it, a punishment propor- tioned to the transgression which may have been committed. XI. The Acts or Instruments annexed to this Treaty, and which form an integral part thereof, are as follows : a. Instructions for the ships of the Royal Navies of both nations, destined to prevent the traffic in Slaves. h. Regulation for the mixed Courts of Justice, which are to hold their sittings on the coast of Africa, and in one of the colo- nial possessions of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands. X. The present Treaty, consisting of ten Articles, shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged within the space of one month from this date, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and thereunto affixed the seal of their arms. Done at the Hague, the 4th day of May, in the year of our Lord, 1B18. Signed Clancarty, (L.S.) A.W. C. de Nagell, (L.S.) Van Maanen, (L.S.) cc4 Acts Annexed 392 PAYS-BAS. AcTEs Annexe's au Truitt signe a la Haye, le 4 Maty 1818. Instructions pour les vaisseaux des Murines lioi/ales des Pays- Bas et de la Grande Bretagne, employes a prevenir le Trafic d'Esclaves. I. Tout vaisseau des Marines Royales des Pays-Bas ou Bri- tannique qui, muni des presentes instructions aura, en conformite de I'Article second du Traite de ce jour, le droit de visiter les navires marchands de chacune des deux Puissances actuellemeut engages, ou suspects d'etre engages dans le Commerce des Esclaves, y pourra proceder hormis dans les mers exceptes par I'Article trois du dit Traite, et s'il se trouvent des Esclaves d bord dans le dessein expres d'en faire le trafic, le Commandant du dit vaisseau de la Marine Royale aura le pouvoir de les dete- nir, et en cas de detention d'un navire il le conduira afin d'etre mis en jugement aussitot que possible devant celle des deux Cours etablies par I'Article sept du Traite de ce jour, qui se trouvera la plus proche, ou que lui, Commandant du vaisseau capteur, jugera, sous sa responsabilite personnelle, pouvoir le plutot atteindre d partir du point, sur lequel le navire marchand aura ete visite et detenu. Les navires a bord desquels on ne trouvera point d'Esclaves destines a des objets de commerce ne seront detenus sous aucune raison ou pretexte quelconques. Des domestiques ou matelots Negres trouves a bord des dits ' navires nc pourront en aucun cas etre estimes une cause suffi- sante de detention. If. Toutes les fois qu'un vaisseau des Marines Royales a ce commissionne, rencontrera un navire marchand, sujet a la visite, celle-ci se fera de la maniere la plus honnete et avec toutes les attentions que se doivent reciproquement deux nationg amies et Alliees ; en aucun cas la recherche ne pourra etre faite par un Officier d'un grade inferieur a celui de Lieutenant de la Marine des Pays-Bas et de la Grande Bretagne. NETHERLANDS. 393 Acts Annexed to the Treaty signed at the Hague, Ath May, 1818. Instructions for the Ships of the British and Netherland Royal Navies, employed to prevent the Traffic in Slaves. I. Every ship of the Royal British or Netherland Navy, which^ furnished with these instructions, shall in conformity with the second Article of the Treaty of this date, have a right to visit the merchant ships of either of the two Powers actually engaged, or suspected to be engaged in the Slave Trade, may, except in the seas exempted by the third Article of the said Treaty, proceed to such visit, and should any Slaves be found on board, brought there for the express purpose of the traffic, the Commander of the said ship of the Royal Navy may detain them, and having detained them, he is to bring them as soon as possible for judg- ment, before that of the two mixed Courts of Justice, appointed by the seventh Article of the Treaty of this date, which shall be the nearest, or which the Commander of the capturing ship shall, upon his own responsibility, think he can soonest reach from the spot where the ship shall have been detained. Ships, on board of which no Slaves shall be found, intended for purposes of traffic, shall not be detained on any account or pretence whatever, Negro servants or sailors that may be found on board the said vessels cannot in any case be deemed a sufficient cause for detention. II. Whenever a ship of the Royal Navy, so commissioned, shall meet a merchantman liable to be searched, it shall be done in the riiildest manner, and with every attention which is due between allied and friendly nations ; and in no case shall the search be made by an officer holding a rank inferior to that of Lieutenant in the Navies of Great Britain and of the Netherlands. 594 PAYS-BAS. III. Les vaisseaux des Marines Royales ainsi conimissionnes, qui viendront d detenir un navire marchand, d'apres la teneur des presentes instructions, laisseront a bord la cargaison entiere sans y toucher aussi bien que le patron et au moins une partie de I'equipage du dit navire. Le Capitaine capteur couchera par ecrit une declaration au- thentique, qui articulera I'etat, dans lequel il a trouve le navire detenu, et les changemens qui pourront y etre survenus. II delivrera au Patron du navire detenu un certlficat signe, des papiers saisis 'd bord du dit navire, aussi que du nombre d'Es- claves trouves a son bord, au moment de la detention. Les Negres ne seront point debarques avant que les navires qui les contiennent ne soient arrives au lieu o^ la legalite de la capture doit etre jugee par une des Cours mixtes, a reflfet que dans le cas ou ils ne seraient point adjuges prises legales, la perte des proprietalres puisse d'autant plus aisement etre reparee. Si neanmoins des motifs urgens tires de la longueur du voyage, de I'etat sauitaire des Negres ou d'autres causes requeraient qu'ils fussent debarques en totalite ou en partie, avant que le navire put arriver au lieu de la residence de I'une des dites Cours, le Commandant du vaisseau capteur peut prendre sur soi la respon- sabilite d'un semblable debarquement, pourvu que la necessite en soit constatee par un certificat en due forme. Regkment pour les Cours de Justice mixtes qui resideront dans une des Possessions Coloniales de Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays- Has, et sur la cote d'Afrique. I. Les Cours de Justice mixtes, d etablir d'apres le Traite de ce jour dans une des Possessions Coloniales de Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas, et sur la cote d'Afrique, sont constitutes a I'efFet de decider de la legalite de la detention des navires, que les croiseurs des deux nations viendront d arreter, en vertu du dit Traite. Les Cours susmentionnees decideront definitivement et sans appel conformement aux stipulations du Traite. NETHERLANDS. 595 III. The ships of the Royal Navies so commissioned, which may detain any merchant ship, in pursuance of the tenor of the present instructions, shall leave on board all the cargo, as well as the Master, and a part at least of the crew of the above-mentioned ship : the captor shall draw up in writing an authentic declara- tion, which shall exhibit the state in which he found the detained ship, and the changes which may have taken place in it. He shall deliver to the Master of the detained ship, a signed certifi- cate of the papers seized on board the said vessel, as well as of the number of Slaves found on board at the moment of detention. The Negroes shall not be disembarked till after the vessels which contain them shall be arrived at the place where the legality of the capture is to be tried by one of the two mixed Courts, in order that in the event of their not being adjudged legal prize, the loss of the proprietors may be more easily repaired. If, how- ever, urgent motives, deduced from the length of the voyage, the state of health of the negroes, or other causes, required that they should be disembarked entirely or in part, before the vessel could arrive at the place of residence of one of the said Courts, the Commander of the capturing ship may take on himself the responsibility, of such disembarkation, provided that the necessity be stated in a certificate in proper form. Regulations for the Mixed Courts of Justice, which are to reside on the coast of Africa, and in a Colonial Possession of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands. I. The mixed Courts of Justice, to be established by the Treaty of this date, upon the coast of Africa and in a Colonial Possession of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, are appointed to decide upon the legality of the detention of such vessels as the cruizers of both nations shall detain in pursuance of this same Treaty. The above-mentioned Courts shall judge definitively and with- out appeal, according to the present Treaty. 396 PAYS-BAS. La procedure aura lieu aussi sommairement que possible, et les Cours sont requises de prononcer, (pour autant qu'elles le trouveront praticable,) dans I'espace de vingt jours, i dater de celui auquel le navire detenu aura ete conduit dans les ports oh. les Cours resident. EUes jugeront en premier lieu de la legality de la capture, et en second lieu (dans le cas oh. le navire capture viendra a etre absous) de I'indenmisation a donner au navire capture. Et il est statue par les presentes que dans tous les cas, la sen- tence definitive ne pourra etre diiferee pour cause d'absence des temoins, ou par defaut d'autres preuves, au delii du tenne de deux mois, a moins que ce ne soit d la demande d'une des parties interessees, en quel cas et moyennant qu'elles fournissent siirete suffisante, qu'elles se chargeront elles memes des frais et risques du delai, les Cours auront le pouvoir discretionnaire d'accorder un delai additionnel, qui n'excedera pas quatre mois. II. Chacune des Cours mixtes susmentionnees, qui resideront dans une des Possessions Coloniales de Sa Majeste le Roi des Pays-Bas et sur la cote d'Afrique, sera composee de la maniere suivante : Les deux hautes Parties Contractantes nommeront chacune un Juge et un Arbitre, qui seront autorises a prendre connaissance et ^ decider sans appel de tous les cas de capture de navire, qui, en suite des stipulations du Traite de ce jour, viendront a etre portes devant eux. Toutes les parties essentielles des procedures portees par de- vant les dites Cours mixtes, seront couchees par ecrit dans la langue legale du pays ou les Cours resideront. Les Juges et les Arbitres preteront serment es mains du prin- cipal Magistral de I'endroit oil les Cours resideront, de juger loyalement et fidelement, de n'accorder aucune preference, soit aux reclamans soit aux capteurs, et de se conduire dans toutes leurs decisions conformement aux stipulations du Traite de ce jour- A chaque Cour sera attache un Secretaire ou Greffier etabli par le Souverain du pays oh la Commission x^sidera, lequcl en- registrera tous les Actes de celle-ci, et qui avant de prendre pos- session de sa charge pretera serment par devant la Cour, de se NETHERLANDS. 597 The proceeding shall take place as sumniariiy*hs possible: the Courts are required to decide (as far as they shall find it prac- ticable,) within the space of twenty days, to be dated from that on which every detained vessel shall have been brought into the port where they shall reside ; — First, upon the legality of the cap- ture ; — Secondly, in the cases in which the captured vessel shall have been liberated, as to the indemnilication which the said ves- sel is to receive. And it is hereby provided, that in all cases the final sentence shall not be delayed on account of the absence of witnesses, or for want of other proofs, beyond the period of two months, except upon the application of any of the parties interested, when, upon their giving satisfactory security to charge themselves with the expense and risks of the delay, the Courts may at their discretion grant an additional delay not exceeding four months. II. Each of the above-mentioned mixed Courts, which are to reside on the coast of Africa, and in a Colonial Possession of His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, shall be composed in the following manner : The two high Contracting Parties shall each of them name a Judge and an Arbitrator, who shall be authorised to hear and to decide without appeal all cases of capture of vessels which, in pursuance of the stipulations of the Treaty of this date, shall be brought before them. All the essential parts of the proceedings carried on before these mixed Courts shall be written down in the legal language of the country in which the Court may reside. The Judges and the Arbitrators shall make oath before the principal Magistrate of the place in which the Courts may reside, to judge fairly and faithfully, to have no preference either for the claimants or the captors, and to act in all their decisions, in pur- suance of the stipulations of the Treaty of this date. There shall be attached to each Court a Secretary or Registrar, appointed by the Sovereign of the country in which the Court may reside, who shall register all its acts, and who, previous to his taking charge of his post, shall make oath before the Court 398 PAYS.BAS. conduire respectuettsement 'k son egard, et d'en agir avec fidelite dans toutes les aflfaires dii ressort de sa charge. 