None
Pattie, James O., Personal narrative of James O. Pattie, of Kentucky, during an expedition from St. Louis through the vast region between the plains and the Pacific Ocean, and then back through the City of iviexico to Vera Cruz. Edited by Timothy Flint, 1833. Edited with notes by Reuben Gold Thwaites, 1905. Gives an idea of early trade and travel across the wilderness ; chief value is for local color of Pattie's time. Petees, DeWitt C, Life and adventures of Kit Carson, with notes on Indians. Hartford, 1875. Describes the water supply of early pueblos and Mexican towns. A popular story of a popular hero, apparently intended to amuse the casual reader. Powell, J. W., U. S. Geol. Survey Eleventh Ann. Rept., pt. 2, Irrigation, pp. 215- 231, 305-308, 1891. A general description of the arid Southwest and its climatic conditions, with some details of the work done in New Mexico in developing irrigation. --^ Exploration of the Colorado River of the West and its tributaries ex- plored in 1869, 1870, 1871, and 1872, under the direction of the Secre- tary of the Interior. 291 pp., ills. Washington, 1875. Contains the history of exploration of this river, with a description of the physical features of the country and its fauna. Peince, L. B5ADF0ED, Historical sketches of New Mexico from the earliest records to the American occupation. Kansas City and New York, 1883. Contains an interesting discussion of early exploration. Mr. Prince was Governor of New Mexico. ScHooLCEAFT, Heney R., History of Indians of the United States. 6 vols., 1854. Contains short articles by students of Indian life and describes the sur- roundings and life of the Navajos and Hopis. A discussion of early Spanish ex- plorations is accompanied by a map of Coronado's route (1540). Squiee, E. G., New Mexico and California : Review, vol. 8,. pp. 503-528, 1848. Contains abstract of early Spanish explorations and notes on surface water and agriculture ; quotes liberally from Emery, Abert, Gregg, and others who previously visited the country. 208 THE NAVAJO COUNTEY„ Stevenson, James, Ancient habitations of the Southwest: Am. Geog. Soc. Bull. 4, 1886. Contains general account of explorations at Canyon de Chelly and elsewhere. Party included J. K. Killers, photographer, whose views have been widely re- produced. Thayee, William M., Marvels of the new West. Ills. 1888. Popular account of the most striking physical features of the Southwest, with some excellent illustrations. ToDD, John, The Sunset land. 1869. Popular account of sights and incidents in the great western country. Whiting, Lilian, The land of enchantment. Ills. 1906. Popular account of New Mexico, Arizona, and the Grand Canyon, as a vaca- tion wandering place. WiLBY, T. W. and A. A., On the trail to Sunset. 1912. Fiction. Contains some excellent descriptions of the desert and mountains, including a sandstorm. Winsoe, Justin, Critical history of North America, vol. 2, pp. 573 et seq., 1886. Early explorations of New Mexico, followed by a critical essay on the sources of information by Henry W. Haynes. Contains practically the same material as Winship's " Journey of Coronado." PRINCrPAIj SPANISH SOURCES. Oastaneda de Nagera, Pedro de, Relation du voyage de Cibola enterpris en 1540 (oil Ton traite de toutes les peuplades qui habitent cette contree, de leurs moeurs et coutumes). A French translation of Castaneda's narrative, in Ternaux-Compans, Henri, Voyages, relations et memoires originaux pour servir a I'histoire de la d^couverte de I'Am^rique, vol. 9, Paris, 1838. This is the most complete account of Coronado's expedition. The Spanish original is not known to be in existence. GARcifes, Francisco TomAs Hermenegildo, Diario y derrotero que sigui6 el M. Fra. Garces, en su viaje hecho desde octubre de 1775 hasta 17 de setiembre de 1776. In Documentos para la historia de Mexico, 2d ser., vol. 1, pp. 225-374, Mexico, F. Escalante & Co., 1854. Marcos de Niza, Relacion del descubrimiento de las siete ciudades. In Pacheco and Cardenas, Coleccion de documentos, vol. 3. Pacheco, J. F., and CArdenas y Espejo, Francisco de, Coleccion de documentos ineditos relatives al descubrimiento, conquista y colonizacion de las antiguas posesiones espanolas de America y Oceania, sacados de los archivos del reino, y muy especialmente del de Indias. Competentemeote autorizada. 42 vols., Madrid, 1864-1884. Smith, Buckingham, Colecci6n de varios documentos para la historia de la Florida, vol. 1, 1857. INDEX. A. Page. Access, routes of 13 Acknowledgments of those aiding 10—11 Adamana, Ariz., wells near 163, 174,183,185 Administration, centers of 13 Agathla, Ariz., description of 48 spring near 138,157 view of 48 Agriculture, duty of water in 129 factors in 103 irrigation for. See Irrigation. progress of 77 Agua Sal Creek, Ariz., description of 35, 91,94 Alamo Spring, Ariz., description of_ 152 Alcove Canyon, Ariz., description of ^ 31 Allantown, Ariz., wells at 174,184-185 Al Ranch Sp'i'ing, Ariz., description of 158 Aneth, Utah, farmer stations at 32 precipitation at 50, 58, 62, 96 temperature at 65-67, 97 Animals, wild, character of 74—75 Antelope Spring, Ariz., description of 155 Arido Creek, Utah, description of_ 91, 94 Artesian wells, essentials for 176-179 Artesian water, areas of 132,179-183 areas of, sections showing 180 fallacies concerning 178-179 nature of 131-132 Awatobi Springs, Ariz., description of 134,154 B. Bacobi, Ariz., wells near 166, 187 Bailey, Vernon, on Chuska Mountains 27 Bardgeman Wash, Ariz., wells in_ 161, 187 Beale, E. P., explorations by 20 Beautiful Mountain, Ariz., springs on 1_ 151 Beautiful Valley Wash, Ariz., de- scription of 91, 94 spring near 152 •Bedrock, springs from 137-143 springs from, improvement of 141-142 improvement of, figure showing 141 surface of, springs from 136-137 springs from, improvement of 136-137 wells in 173-176, 178 Beelzebub, N. Mex., spring near 150 33033 °~wsp 380—16 14 Page. Bekihatso Lake, Ariz., location of_ 118, 119 well near 185 Bench lands, wells on 162-163 Bennett Peak, N. Mex., nature of 25 springs near 150 view of 26 Bermuda Island, W. I., water catches on 122 Bibliography 199-208 Bidahochi Spring, Ariz., description of 153 Bidahochi well, Ariz., description of_ 173 Big Spring, Ariz., description of 153 Biltabito Creek, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 92, 94 Biltabito Spring, N. Mex., description of 149 Bitsihuitsos Butte, Ariz., springs near 152-153 Bitter Spring, Ariz., description of_ 158 Black Creek, Ariz., description of_ 28-29, 83, 88-89, 93 discharge of ._ 88 springs on 151 views on 33 Black Creek Valley, Ariz., N. Mex., description of 32-34 irrigation in 109 precipitation in 95 springs in 136, 148, 151 streams of 33, 101 views in 33 wells in 163, 185 Black Falls, Ariz., irrigation project at 107 irrigation project at, map of_ 106 Blackhorse Creek, Ariz., descrip- tion of 25,94 Black Mesa, Ariz., artesian water on_ 182 coal on 75 description of 40^41 farming on 42 precipitation on 60, 95 section of, figure showing 180 soil on 98 springs on 138, 148, 154-156 vegetation on 40, 41, 72 water supply of 92 wells on 187-188 Blue Canyon, Ariz., springs near_ 155, 156 Blufe, Utah, irrigation at 105 view at 32 wells at 182 sections showing 183 Boiling Spring, Ariz., description of_ 157 209 210 INDEX. Page. Bonito Creek, Ariz., description of— 89, 93 ii-rigation from 106 silt from 108 springs near 151 Box Springs, Ariz., description of_ 139, 158 Bridge, natural. See Rainbow Bridge ; Owl Bridge. Bridge Creek, Utah, description of 87, 94 view of 46 Buell Park, Ariz., description of 112 peridots at 75 storage in 112 stream from 33, 89, 112 view of 111 Buell Park Spring, Ariz., desci'ip- tion of .- 151 Burro Spring, Ariz., description of_ 142, 154 spring near 154 C. Cactus, range of 72, 73 Camps, location of 12, 102 Canella Spring, Ariz., description of_ 155 Canyon de Chelly Creek, Ariz., de- scription of 35, 36, 90, 94 name of 35,189 ruins in 35 springs in 151 views in 36 Canyon del Muerto, Creek, Ariz., de- scription of 35, 90, 94 ruins in 35 Capillary water, nature of 127-128 Cardenas, G. L. de, explorations by_ 16-17 Carrlzo Mountains, Ariz., descrip- tion of 30 precipitation on 95, 96 springs on and near 148, 149, 158 storage on 113 vegetation on 99 view of 30 water supply on 92 Carson Mesa, Ariz., spring on 142 Castaneda de Nagera, Pedro de, history hy 16 Cedar, zone of, view in 69 Cedar Spring, Utah, description of — 157 Cedar Springs, Ariz., nature of 140, 153 springs near 154 Chaco Plateau, N. Mex., artesian water on 180 description of 24 lakes on 118, 119 mineral resources of 24 sections of, figures showing 180 springs on 148, 149 wells oa 184 depth to water in 130, 184 sections showing 181 Chaco River, N. Mex., spring on 150 Cha Creek, Utah, flow of 87 Chaistla, Ariz., spring near 152 Chambers, Ariz., well at 185 Chambers Wash, Ariz., description of_ 35 Page. Chandlar ranch, Ariz., springs at 136, 137, 153 view at 37 Chaves, N. Mex., well at 184 Chezhindeza Mesa, Ariz., springs near 158 Chezhindeza Valley, Ariz., springs in_ 150 Chevelon Fork, Ariz., soil on, anal- ysis of 70 Chief Spring (Black Mesa), Ariz., description of 154 Chief Spring (Segi Mesas), Ariz., description of 157 Chilchinbito Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 155 springs near 155, 156 Chinle, Ariz., agency at 36, 37 precipitation at 56, 59-63, 95 springs near 151, 152 temperature at 65-67, 97 wells at 185 Chinle and Pueblo Colorado Valleys, Ariz., description of_* 36-37 drainage of 89-91, 93 lakes in 118 precipitation on 95 soil of 70 springs of 148, 152-153 temperature in 97 springs from 139 wells in 174-175, 182 section showing 175 water holes in 119 wells in 152-153 depth to water in___ 130, 152-153 Chinle formation, character of 79 correlation of 79 deposition of 83 Chinle Creek, Ariz.-Utah, descrip- tion of_ 36-37, 89-90, 94, 101 irrigation from 106 valley of, artesian water in 180—181 sections of, figures showing- 180 water wasted in 104-105 wells on 169-170, 175, 185-186 figures showing 170, 175 Chuska Mountains, Ariz.-N. Mex., de- scription of 28-30 forests on 74 lakes in 116-117, 118 nomenclature of 27 precipitation on 60 soil on 98 springs of 140-141, 148, 150-151 figure showing 141 vegetation on 28-30, 73, 74, 99 view in 27 water supply on 28-29, 30 water wasted on 105 well on 185 Chuska Peak, N. Mex., springs near_ 150 Chuska sandstone, character of 80 porosity of 126 springs from 138 water in 174 INDEX. 211 Page. Chuska Valley, N. Mex., artesian water in 180 description of 24-26 section of, figure showing 180 soils of 70 springs in 134, 148, 149-150 streams of 25, 91-92, 101 view in 26 well in 184 Cibola, N. Mex., ancient, character of 16 Cienega Amarilla, Ariz., springs of__ 133 Cienega Canyon, Ariz., wells in 164, 166, 187 Cisterns, water catches for 120-122 water catches for, figures show- ing^ 120, 121, 122 Cliff houses, views of 36, 47 Climate, nature of 49—68 Coal, occurrence of 26, 75, 70, 81 Coal Mine Canyon, view of 40 Colorado River, description of 85, 94 precipitation on . 95 Comar Springs, Ariz., nature of 137, 153 spring near 153 Comb monocline, Ariz.-Utah, de- scription of 48 view of _ 47 Copper Creek, Utah, description of 87, 94 Corn, antiquity of . 73 Corn Creek, Ariz., description of 39, 94 Cornfields, Ariz., springs near 151 wells at and near 163, 186 Coronado, F. V. de, explorations by_ 16 Cotton, cultivation of 73 Cottonwood, range of 72, 73 Cottonwood Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153 spring near 153 Cottonwood Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 140, 149 Cottonwood Tank, Ariz., well near_ 168- 169, 188 Cottonwood Wash, Ariz., description of 94 wells in 163 Coyote Springs (Hopi Buttes), Ariz., description of— 136-137, 153 Coyote Springs (Ttisayan Washes), Ariz., description of 154 Coyote Wash, Ariz., description of 39, 94 wells in 161 Cretaceous rocks, deposition of 83 occurrence and character of 80 Cross Canyon, Ariz., springs near 151 wells at 174, 185 Crossing of the Fathers, Ariz., diffi- culty of 17 Crown Point, N. Mex., administra- tive center at 24 wells near . 184 D. Dadasoa Springs, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 150 Page, Dakota sandstone, character of 80 deposition of — . 83 porosity of 126 springs from 138 water in 174-176, 179,180, 182 Dams, construction of 114—116 De Chelly, derivation of 35 De Chelly Canyon. See Canyon de Chelly. De Chelly sandstone, character of 79 De Chelly uplift, Ariz., character of- 81 Defiance Mesas, Ariz., spring at 150 Defiance monocline, Ariz., character of 81 view of 33 Defiance Plateau, Ariz., description of : 34-36 drainage of 34-35 forests on 74 precipitation on 60, 95 sections of, figures showing 180 springs on 148, 151—152 storage on 113 vegetation on 35,72-74,99 view of 100 views on 68,100 wells on 185 Desert, coloring of 22 Desert Creek, Utah, description of — 31, 94 Desha Creek, Utah, flow of 87 spring on 157 Deza Peak, N. Mex., spring near 150 Dike Spring, N. Mex., description of_ 149 Dinnebito Spring, Ariz., description of 154 springs near 154 Dinnebito Wash, Ariz., description of 39,94,164 water holes in 119 Domerech, Abbe, history by 17—18 Doniphan, A. W., explorations by 18 Douglas Camp, Utah, wells at 164, 188 Dove Spring, Ariz., description of 157 Drainage, description of 22 Drilled wells, construction of 171-173 Driven wells, construction of 170-171 Dry Lake, Ariz., well near 185 Dug wells, construction of 167-170 figures showing 167, 169, 170 Dunes. See Sand dunes. Dutton, C. E., explorations by 20 on Navajo Mountain 45 plateau named for 23 Dutton Plateau, N. Mex., artesian water on 180 description of 23-24 drainage of 23 lakes on 118 precipitation on 95 section of, figure showing 180 soil on 98 springs on 148, 149 storage on . 113 vegetation on 99 wells on 184 Duty of water, data on 127 212 INDEX, E. Page. Eagle Crag, opening near 155 Echo Cliffs, Ariz., springs at 144, 146-147, 156 Echo monocline, Ariz., character of_ 81 Egloffstein Butte, Ariz., spring near_ 153 Emery, W. B., work of 10-11 Endischee Spring, Ariz., description of 157 Evaporation, effect of, on ground water 123-124, 128-129 effect of, on stream flow 97-98 statistics of 97-98 Farming, dry, success of 71 Farmington, N. Mex., San Juan River at, discharge of_ 85 Faulting, occurrence of 81 springs from '. 143, 144 Fault Spring, Utah, description of_ 157 Fauna, character of 74-75 Figueredo Creek, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 91 First Mesa, Ariz., springs at and near 155 well on 187 First Mesa Wash, Ariz., descrip- tion of 39, 94, 164 wells in 164, 166, 177, 186, 187 section of, figure showing 164 Five Houses, Ariz., wells at and near 186,188 Flagstaff, Ariz., temperature at 98 Floods, percolation from 127 Flora, distribution and character of_ 71—74 Fluted Rock, Ariz., springs at and near 134,151-152 Folding, description of 81-82 Fontaneda, H. d'E., explorations by_ 17 Fords Peak, N. Mex., opening near_ 150 Forests, distribution of 74, 99 distribution of, map showing 74 Fort Defiance, Ariz., history of 33 irrigation at 106 precipitation at 50, 51, 59-62, 95 temperature at 64-67,97 springs near 151 wells near 185 French Spring, Ariz., description of_ 153 springs near 153 Frosts, occurrence of 65, 67 Fruitland, N. Mex., irrigation from_ 105 location of 32 precipitation at __ 50, 57, 59, 60-62, 96 temperature at 65-67, 97 Gallup, N. Mex., artesian water at_ 176-177 artesian water at, figure show- ing 177 filling at 160 spring near 149 wells at-— 176-177, 179, 183 Page. Ganado, Ariz., irrigation at 89, 110-111 location of 110 springs near 151, 152 wells at 163,186 Ganado reservoir, description of_ 110-111, 119 map of 110 Garces, Francisco, explorations by 17 Garces Mesa, description of 38, 39 Garnet Ridge, Ariz.-Utah, garnets on 87,75 Garnets, occurrence of 37, 75 Geographic terms, glossary of 189-197 Geographic provinces, description of_ 23-49 segregation of .22 Geography, description of 13-84 Geologic history, outline of 82-84 Geology, columnar section 6t 78 map showing In pocket outline of 77-84 reports on 78 Giants Chair, Ariz., springs near 154 Goat Spring, description of 155 Goodridge, Utah, oil at 32 view near 31 wells at 174 Goodridge formation, occurrence of_ 78 water in 182 Gothic Mesas, Utah, artesian water on 182 description of 31 precipitation on 95 soil of . 98 springs on 148, 157-158 wells on 185 Gothic Wash, Utah, description of 94 identity of 31, 90 Grand Canyon, discovery of 17 Grand Falls, Ariz., origin of 43 spring near 158 view of 41 Greasewood Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 150 Greasewood Springs, Ariz., descrip- tion of 152,161 wells near 186 Ground, evaporation from 128-129 Ground-water reservoir, capacity of 125-126 depletion of 127 nature of 124 figure showing 124 supply to 123-124,126-127 surface of. See Water table. Guam, N. Mex., well at 184 Gutches, G. A., map by 74 Gypsum Creek, Ariz.-Utah, descrip- tion of 48, 87, 94 springs of 139 H. Hamblin, Jacob, colonization by 42 Hano, Ariz., springs near 155 Hasbidito Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 152 spring near 150 INDEX. 213 Page. Heald, K. C, work of 11 Historical geology, outline of 82-84 History, outline of 15-21 Hite, Utah, precipitation at 50, 59 60-62, 95 temperature at 65-67, 97 Hogansaani Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 158 Hogback Mountain, N. Mex,, spring near 150 Holiwassbahan Spring, Ariz., de- scription of 157 Holbrook, Ariz., evaporation at 98 Little Colorado River at, dis- charge of 86, 102 location of 86 precipitation at— 50, 53, 59-62, 95, 96 temperature at 64-67, 97-98 wells at 162, 171, 186, 188 wind at 68 Holmes, W. H., mapping by 20 Honani Spring, Ariz., description of_ 154 Hopi Buttes, Ariz., description of — 37-38 map of 140 precipitation on 95 springs at_ 134, 138-139, 148, 153-154 figures showing 139 temperature at 97 volcanic necks on, view of 37 Hopis, character of 11, 76, 139 irrigation by 104 language of 189 number of 76, 103 villages of 41 evaporation at 128 soils from 70-71 analyses of 70 view of 76 Horses, feed for 12 use of 12,13 Hotevila, Ariz., springs at and near_ 155 Houck, Ariz., irrigation at 109 Howell, E. E., geologic exploration by 20,39 Howell Mesa, Ariz., springs near 156 Hunter Point, Ariz., springs at and near 136,151 Indian Affairs office, request of, for investigation 9 Indians, attitude of 10-11 irrigation by 103-105 Indian Wells, Ariz., springs at and near 137,140,153,154 storage near 112 wells at 186 Investigation, history and scope of_ 9-10 Irrigation, diversion, attempts at_ 105-107 undeveloped projects for 106-107 Irrigation, flood, antiquity of 103-104 methods of 104-105 Irrigation, storage, conditions for_ 107-109 projects for 109-113 Ives, J. C, explorations by 19 on topography 22 J* Page. Jadito, Ariz., springs at and near — 154 -Tadito Wash, Ariz., description of — 39, 94, 164 springs in and near 155, 156 .JanUs Spring, Ariz., nature of 138, 158 Jesus Lake, N. Mex., spring near 149 Jewett,, N. Mex., spring near 150 Junction Creek, Utah, flow of 87 spring on 143, 157 Jurassic rocks, occurence and char- acter of 79-80 K. Kaibab limestone, character of 78 Kaibito Plateau, Ariz., artesian water on 183 description of 41-42 precipitation on 95, 145-146 section of, figure showing 146 springs on 148, 156-157 views of 40 Kariz, construction of 135 figure showing 135 Keams Canyon, agency at 41 precipitation at 50, 52, 59-62 springs at and near 138, 154, 156 temperature at 64-67 water in 39 wells in 164, 166, 175, 179, 182, 187-188 section of 175, 176 wind at 68 Keepers, G. A., aid of 147 Keet Seel, Ariz., clifC houses at, character of 48 cliff houses at, view of 47 spring at 157 Klethla Valley, Ariz., flow in 94 Kydestea Spring, Ariz., description of 155 Laguna Canyon, Ariz., description of 48 ruins in 48 view of 47 spring in 157 trenching in, view of 101 Lakes, distribution and character of 116-118 utilization of 118-119 La Plata group, character of 79 deposition of 83 porosity of 125-126 springs from 143 water in 180 Lavas, porosity of 126 Lava Spring, Ariz., description of — 153 Leaden, Tom, work of 168, 169 Lee, C. H., on evaporation 128 Lee Ferry, Ariz., springs near 158 Leroux Wash, Ariz., character of 93 name of 34 wells in 163, 186 214 INDEX. Page. Leupp, Ariz., filling at 160 storage at 111-112 wells at 172-173, 188 depth to water in__ 130, 173, 188 Lightning, prevalence of 63, 74 Limestone, wells in . 174 Literature, lists of 199-208 Lithodendron Wash, Ariz., character of 35,9a name of 34 Little Colorado River, description of 43,86,93 discharge of 86 evaporation in 98 falls on 43 view of 41 fluctuations in 101-102 irrigation from 105-106,107 silt in 108 valley of, filling in 160 precipitation in 59, 60, 95 vegetation in 72 wells in___ 162-163,170-171 view of 110 water holes along 119 wells on, depth of water in 130 Tiizard Spring, Ariz., description of 141, 151 Loew, Oscar, explorations by 20 on soils 70 Lohali, Ariz., springs near 152, 155 Lokasakad, Ariz., springs at and near 140, 153-154 storage at 112 Lokasakal Spring, description of 155 Los Gigantes Buttes, Ariz., spring near 152 Lower Crossing Spring, Utah, de- scription of 157 Lukachukai Creek, Ariz., description of 29,35,36,90,94 irrigation from 105 spring on 150 Luckachukai Mountains, Ariz., lakes in 117 Lyon Ranch, Ariz., springs at 144, 145 M. McComb, J. N., explorations by 19 McElmo formation, character of 79-80 porosity of 126 McKinley County Oil Co.'s well, N. Mex., section showing- 181 Maddox, Ariz., springs at and near — 137, 140, 153 Maito Spring, Ariz., desci'iption of 152 Mai Pais Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153 Mancos shale, character of 80 deposition of 83 porosity of 126 springs from 138 well in 174 Manila, Ariz., well at 188 Manuelito, N. Mex., well at 184 Page. Manuelito Plateau, Ariz.-N. Mex., de- scription of 26 mining on 26 precipitation on 95 springs on 148, 151 wells on 184-185 Manuelito Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 149 Map In pocket. Map, forest, of area 74 Map, index, of area 14 Map, geologic, of area In pocket. Maps, base, use of 15 Marcou, Jules, geologic exploration by 19 Marsh Pass, flow at 8T storage near 112 view at 47 Martys Spring, description of 154 Marvine, A. R., exploration by 20 Mason Spring, description of 153 Matthews Peak, Ariz., spring near — 150f Meinzer, O. E., on water table 163 Mesaverde formation, coal in 80 porosity of 126 springs from 138 water In 178, 180, 182 wells in 174 Mexican Water, Ariz., spring near — 152 well at 185 Midget Mesa, N. Mex,, spring near. 149 Minerals, distribution of ^ 75 Mishongnovi, Ariz., well near 186 Missionaries, explorations by 15-18 Mission Spring, Ariz., description of 149 Mitten Butte, Ariz., view of 48 Mitten Rock, N. Mex., spring near_ 150 Moa Ave Spring, Ariz., description of 144-146, 156 Moenkopi, Ariz., irrigation at 88 Moenkopi Creek, Ariz., description of 42,87-88,94 discharge of 88,100 effect of wind-blown sands on — 101 irrigation fvom 106 Moenkopi formation, character of — 79 porosity of 125 water from 182, 183 quality of 131, 139 well in 174 Moenkopi Plateau, Ariz., descrip- tion of , 39-40 precipitation on 95 soil on 98 springs on 148, 156 view o^ 40 Moenkopi Wash, Ariz., description of 40.94 irrigation in 109 springs in 144, 146-147 Moki, meaning and use of 37 Monument Canyon, Ariz,, spring in_ 152 Monument Creek, Utah, description of 94 Monument Point, Ariz., wells near 186- 187 INDEX. 215 Page. Monument Valley, Utah-Ariz., ar- tesian water in 182 description of 48-49 precipitation on 95 section of, figure showing 180 springs in 148, 157 storage in 113 structure on 81, 82 views in 48 wells in 164, 188 Moonlight Creek, Utah-Ariz., descrip- tion of 87, 94 Mud Spring, N. Mex., description of_ 149 Muencovi Spring, Ariz., description of 154 Mulch, natural, effect of 128 Murphy, M. M., aid of 147 Myrick Corral Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153 N. Names, adoption of, rules for 15,189 spelling of 14, 189-197 aid in 11 Nasja Bridge, Utah, view of 46 Natural bridge. See Rainbow Bridge ; Owl Bridge. Navajo Church, N. Mex., well at 184 Navajo cornfield, view of 100 Navajo country, geology of, map of In pocket map of In pocket Navajo Creek, Ariz., description of_ 87, 94 Navajo Mountain, Utah-Ariz., ani- mals on 75 description of 45-47 forests on 74 precipitation on 95 springs on 148, 157 storage on 113 vegetation on 47, 73, 74, 99 view from 46 Navajos, character of 11, 76-77 irrigation by 104 irrigation needs of 103 language of 189* number of 76, 103 Navajo sandstone, character of 79 springs from 138, 142-147 water in 174 Navajo Springs, Ariz., descrip- tion of 158 Nazlini Creek, Ariz., description of_ 36, 90,94 irrigation from 105 springs on 152 Newberry, J. S., geologic explora- tion by 19, 38 Newberry Mesa, Ariz., descrip- tion of 38, 39 Nikehoshi Springs, N. Mex., nature of i41, 150 Niza, Marcos de, explorations by 16 Nokai Creek, Ariz.-Utah, descrip- tion of 48, 87, 94 Page. Notatasaca Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153 Nottahandelit Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 155 O. Oak Spring, Ariz., nature of 136, 151 storage at 33 Oil, occurrence of 24, 32, 75, Ojo Azufre, N. Mex., description of- 149 Onion Springs, Ariz., description of_ 155 spring near 156 Onaibi, Ariz., springs at and near_ 154, 155, 156 wells near 186,187 Oraibi Butte, Ariz., spring near 155 Oraibi Wash, Ariz., description 39, 94, 164-165 filling in 160, 165 fluctuations of 101 section in 165 spring in 155 wells in 163-166, 177, 186-187 sections of, figures show- iug 164 Owl Bridge, Utah, view of 46 Padilla, Juan de, explorations by 16, 39 Padilla Mesa, Ariz., spring near 154 Painted Desert, Ariz., descrip- tion of 42-43 drainage of 43 name of 43 precipitation in 95 springs on 148> 158 temperature in 97 wells on 188 depth to water in 130, 188 Palisade Creek, Ariz., description of 29,90,94 Paquette, Peter, aid of 10 Pastora Peak, Ariz., springs near 158 Pennsylvanian rocks, occurrence and character of 78 porosity of 125 Peridots, occurrence of 75 Peruvian rocks, deposition of 82 occurrence and character of 78-79 porosity of 125 Pine, yellow, zone of 72-74 Piiion, zone of 72, 73 zone of, view in 69 Pintado Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 149 Piute Canyon, Ariz., N. Mex., flow in 87, 94 irrigation in 105 springs in 142, 157 view of 69 Piutes, character of 11 number of 103 Pogue, J. E., work of 10-11 Polacca, Ariz., wells near . 164 216 INDEX, Page. Population, statistics of 76, 103 Porosity of rocks, differences in 125 Pre-Cambrian rocks, deposition of 82 occurrence and cliaracter of 78, 82 Precipitation, cliaracter of 63 distribution of, in time 96-97 effect of, on stream flow 95-97 geographic distribution 59-60 ground water supplied by 123-124 mean annual amount of 96, 123 records of 50-59 variation in, annually 60-61,97 daily, chart showing 62 seasonally 61-63, 96-97 Preston Mesa, Ariz., pools near 156 Prudden, T. M., on use of metals 75 Pueblo Bonita, N. Mex., springs near_ 149 wells at and near 184 wells at and near, sections showing 181 Pueblo Colorado Wash, Ariz., de- scription of___ 37, 89, 93, 102 fluctuations of 101, 102 silt of 108 wells in 161-162 vegetation in 72 view of 37 water wasted on 104 wells in 186 depth to water in 130, 186 See also Chinle and Pueblo Colo- rado Valleys. Puerco River, N. Mex., description of 86, 93 valley of, filling in 160 precipitation in 95 wells in 162 Pumps, character of 172—173 figure showing 172 Pyramid Butte, Ariz., spring near 153 Pyramid Rock, N. Mex., spring near_ 149 Q. Quartzite Canyon, Ariz., spring in 151 storage in 112 Quaternary deposits, occurrence and character of 80 Quicksand, difficulty with 167, 168 R. Railroad, transcontinental, explora- tions for 18 Rainbow Natural Bridge, Utah., de- scription of 45 view of 46 Rainbow Plateau, Utah-Ariz., de- scription of 44-45 natural bridge at 45 precipitation on 95 soil of 98 springs on 148, 157 view on 68 water supply on 45 Page. Rainfall, character of 63, 97 direct utilization of 119-122 percolation of, to ground wa- ters 123-124, 126-127 daily distribution of, chart showing 62 /See also Precipitation. Red Lake, N. Mex., description of 94, 118, 119 reservoir at 33, 109 views of 33, 110 Red Rock, N. Mex., springs near 149, 150 Red Rock Valley, Ariz.-N, Mex., de- scription of . 25 irrigation in 25 water supply of 92 Red Wash, Ariz.-N. Mex., description of 94 spring in 150 Relief, nature of 21-22 Reservations, area of 13, 14 location of 13 map showing 14 subdivisions of 13 Reservoir Canyon, Ariz., burial of_ 101, 109 burial of, view of 101 springs in 144-147, 156 storage in 109 Reservoirs, possible sites for 111—113 See also Tanks. Reservoir, government, description of— 109-111 Reservoirs, ground - water. See Ground - water reser- voir. Rio Chaco, N. Mex., description of 94 Ritter, Rollin, on silt 108 Roads, character of 12, 13 Robinson, H. P., work of_ 10, 108-112, 144 Rock House Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 149 Rocks, plant food in 69 porosity of 125 Rock Spring, N. Mex., description of_ 26, 151 Rock strata, springs between 137-142 springs between, improvement of 141-142 figure showing 141 water in 173-174 Roof Butte, Ariz., spring at 151 Round Rock, Ariz., springs near — 152, 153 S. Sahito, Ariz., wells at 175 Sagebrush, zone of 72 Sahotsoidbeazhe Canyon, Ariz., spring in 152 St. Joseph, Ariz,, irrigation at 105 wells at 162,188 St. Michaels, Ariz., artesian water at 176-177 artesian water at, figure show- ing 177 description of 33 INDEX. 217 Page. St. Michaels, Ariz., precipitation at 50-51, 59, 95 springs at 133-134 view of 111 temperature at 64-67 wells at and near 176-177, 185 wind at 68 St. Michael Spring, description of — 151 Salt Spring, description of 155 San Antonio Spring, description of 149 Sand, lakes due to 117-118 stream obstruction by 92, 100-101 Sand Cone spring, description of 152 Sand dunes, building and effects of 92, 100-101 view of 40, 101 Sandstone, wells in 174 Sand storms, occurrence of 67—68 San Jose Valley, wells in 184 San Juan River, character of_ 32, 85, 87, 94 discharge of 85,94 fluctuations in 101-102 water power on 116 San Juan Valley, description of 31-32 mineral resources of 32 precipitation in 59, 95—96 temperature in 97 views in 31, 32 wells in 171, 182 Santa Fe Railway, wells of 168-169, 170, 183 Satan Pass, N. Mex., spring in 149 Schools, access to 12 Schrader, F. C, geologic exploration by 20 Sebito Wash, Ariz., well in 185 Second Mesa Wash, description of 39, 94 Seeps, evaporation from 129 Segetoa Spring, description of 151 Segi Canyon, Ariz., spring in ' 157 Segihatsosi Canyon, springs in 134, 157 storage in 112-113 Segi Mesas, Ariz.-Utah, description of 47-48 precipitation on 95 ruins at , 48 soil on 98 springs on 148, 157 water supply of 48 Sehili, Ariz,, irrigation at 106 Seklagaideza Canyon, Ariz., descrip- tion of 31 Senatoa Springs, Ariz., description of 154 Sethlekai Spring, description of 157 Setsiltso Spring, Ariz., description of 152 Seven Lakes, oil at 24, 75 Shaler, M. K., geologic exploration by 20 Shales, wells in 174 Shato Canyon, Ariz., springs in 157 Shato Plateau, Ariz., description of- 43-44 di'ainage from 44 precipitation on 95 springs on 148, 157 storage on 113 Shato Spring, Ariz., description of- 43, 157 Page. Sheep Dip Creek, Ariz., description of 35,91 Sheep Spring, N. Mex., description of_ 149 spring near 140 Shinarump conglomerate, character of . 79 deposition of 82 porosity of 125 springs from 138 water in 180-182 wells in 174, 175 Shipolovi, Ariz., spring near - 155 well near 187 Shiprock, N. Mex., agency at 26 description of 25 irrigation at 105 springs near 149, 150 views of . 26, 31 Shongopovi, Ariz., spring at 155 well near 186 Silt, difliculty in disposing of 108 Simpson Creek, Ariz.-N. Mex., de- scription of 28-29, 91, 94 name of 28 on vegetation 71 Sitgreaves, L., railroad mapped by 18 Smith Butte, Ariz., springs near 153 Smith Spring, Ariz., description of 153 Snowfall, ground-water supply from. 123 records of ■.— 49 See also Precipitation. Soils, character of 68-71 derivation of 69-70 effect of, on stream flow 98-99 evaporation from 128-129 views of 100 Solomy Spring, Ariz., description of_ 155 Sonsela Springs, Ariz., description of 151 Spanish, explorations by 15-18 Springs, character of 133 evaporation from 129 number and distribution of 132-133 records of 147-158 source of 133-143 See also Kariz ; Unconsolidated deposits ; Bedrock ; Rock strata. • Spruce, Engelmann, zone of 73 Spruce Brook, Ariz., description of 29, 90,94 irrigation from 106 springs on 150 Standing Redrock Creek, Ariz., de- scription of 25, 94 irrigation from 107 Steamboat Canyon, Ariz., springs in 138,154 Steamboat Wash, Ariz., water holes in___: 119 Stock raising, future of 77 water storage for 103, 113-116 conditions controlling 113 See also Tanks. Storage, water, facilities for 107-109 Stratigraphy, outline of 78-80 section showing 78 218 INDEX. Page. Stream flow, factors influencing 95-101 fluctuation in 101-102 percolation from 127 utilization of 102-113 Streams, crossing of 12 ,102 See also Waters, surface. Streams, ephemeral, origin of 92-93 Structure, outline of 80-82 sections showing 80 Sulphur Spring, N. Mex., description of 149 Sunrise Spring, Ariz., description of 137,152 spring near 152 Sunshine, records of 49-50 Surface waters. See Waters, sur- face. T. Taboo, trouble from 12 Tahchito Creek, Ariz,, description of_ 92 Talahogan Springs, Ariz., descrip- tion of 154 spring near 154 Tanks (for stock), construction of- 114-116 literature concerning 116 sites for 114 Tanner Crossing, Ariz., description of 42 springs near 158 view at 110 Tanner Spring, Ariz., nature of 136, 151 Teadepatho Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 155 spring near 156 Temperature, records of 63-67 variations in, daily. 66-67 Tertiary rocks, deposition of__ 83-84 occurrence and character of 80 porosity of — 126 Tewa Spring, Ariz., description of — 155 The Beast, N. Mex., description of — 32 view of 33 Tishepi Spring, Ariz., description of_ 154 Tisnasbas, Ariz., well at 184 Tisnasbas Creek, Ariz., description of 92,94 irrigation from 105 Tisnasbas Spring, Ariz., description of 149 Toadlena Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 150 Todilto Park, N. Mex., location of 29 spring at 150 Todilto formation, character of 79 Todokozk Spring (Chinle Valley), Ariz., description of 152 Todokozk Spring (Defiance Plateau), Ariz., description of 151 Todokozk Spring, Utah, description of 158 Togoholtsoe Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 155 Tohachi, N. Mex., springs near 149, 150 wells at 163, 169, 185 Tohachi shale, character of 80 Page. Tohadistoa Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 155 Tohasged Springs, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153 Tohasged Spring, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 149 Tohonadla, Utah, irrigation at 107 springs at 158 Tolani Lakes, Ariz., description of_ 39, 117 Tolchico, Ariz., wells at 162, 188 Topography, effect of, on stream flow 100 outline of 21-22 Tovar, Pedro de, explorations by 16, 38 Tovar Mesa, Ariz., description of 38, 39 Travel, suggestions for 11-12 Triassic rocks, deposition of 82-83 occurrence and character of 79 porosity of 12.5-126 water from, quality of 131 Trout Spring, Ariz., description of 152 spring near 152 Tseanatzi Creek, N. Mex., descrip- tion of 92 irrigation from 106-107 Tsehili, N. Mex., spring near 150 Tuba, Ariz., cultivation at 42, 143 description of 143-144 map of 144 precipitation at 50, 55, 59-62, 95 rain water saved at 120 springs at and near 143-147, 156 improvement of 146-147 maps showing 144, 145 temperature at 64-67 view near 101 wind at 68 Tucker Springs, nature of 138, 142, 158 Tunitcha Mountain, Ariz., lakes in 117 springs on 142 Tunnel Springs, nature of 142-143, 151 Tusayan Washes, description of 38-39 evaporation in_ 128. fluctuation in 101 precipitation in 95, 165 soil of-— 70 springs in 148, 154 temperature in 97 water wasted in 104 wells in 164-166, 170, 186-187 depth to water in__ 130, 186-187 sections of, figures show- ing 164 Tuye Spring, Ariz., description of 154 spring near 154, 156 Tuye Spring, N. Mex., description of 149 Twin Buttes, Ariz., spring near 153 Tyende, Ariz., springs at and near 136, 137, 155, 156 Tyende Creek, description of_ 36-37, 87, 94 flow of 87, 100 irrigation from 106 valley of, artesian water in 181 Tyende Mesa, Ariz., spring near 157 INDEX. 219 U. Page. Unconsolidated deposits, character of 160-161 porosity of 126 springs from 133-135 water in 160-161 wells in 160-173,177 construction of 166-173 location of 161-164 Upper Crossing, Ariz., spring at 157 view at 69 V. Vaca, A. N. C. de, explorations by — 15 Valley fill, depth of 160-161 erosion of, effect of, on stream flow 100 Valleys, high, wells in 163-164 Vegetation, distribution and char- acter of 71-74 effect of, on stream flow 99-100 evaporation from 129 relation of, to water table— 130-131 Ventana Mesa, Ariz., spring near 152 Vento Spring, Ariz., description of — 149 View Point, Ariz., spring near 151 W. Walker Creek, Ariz., description of — SI, 90-91, 94 name of 90 Walpi, spring at 155 view of 76 wells near 186, 187 Ward, L. F., geologic exploration by_ 20, 40 War God Spring, Utah, description of 47, 134, 157 Warner Wash, Ariz., springs in 158 Washes, filling in 160-161 stereogram showing 160 water in 160-161 wells in 161-162, 164-166 Washington Pass, N. Max., location of 28 spring near 151 stream in 91 view in 27 Wasteways, construction of 116 Water, lack of 71 storage of. See Irrigation, storage. Water, ground, quality of 131 source of 123-124 See also Ground-water reser- voir ; Artesian water ; Springs ; Wells. Water, surface, description of 85-122 Water catches, construction of 120-122 figures showing 120, 121, 122 Water holes, distribution of 119 Water power, use of 116 Water table, nature of 129-130 position of 124,130 figure showing 124 relation of, to vegetation 130-131 Page. Wells, character of 160-166, 173-176 conditions concerning 159-160 construction of 166-173 importance of 159 locating of ^ 161-164 stereogram explaining 160 records of 183-188 water of, quality of 159-160 See also Artesian wells ; Un- consolidated deposits ; Bed- rock. Wepo Spring, Ariz., description of — 155 spring near 156 Wepo Wash, Ariz., description of . 39, 94 spring in 155 wells in 166, 187 section showing 164 Wheatfields, Ariz., farming at 35-36 reservoir at 109—110 Wheatfields Creek, Ariz., description of 29,90,94 irrigation from 105-106, 109-110 Wheeler, G. M,, surveys by 20 Whipple, A. W., on flora 71 railroad mapped by 19 Whiskey Creek, Ariz., description of 29, 90, 94 White Cave Spring, Ariz., descrip- tion of 153,155 spring near 154 White Mesa, Ariz., springs on 157 Whitmore Pools, Ariz., description of 156 Wide Ruin, Ariz., description of 35 Wide Ruin Wash, Ariz., description of 35,94,101 irrigation from 105 springs in 151 water wasted on 104 wells in 163, 164, 185 Wildcat Peak, spring near 156 Willow Springs, Ariz., description of 144, 145, 156 Wilson's Peak. See Shiprock. Wind, character and occurrence of_ 67-68 erosion by, views of 40, 68 modification of stream flow by_ 100-101 soil transported by— 68, 69, 100-101 Wingate sandstone, character of 79 springs from 138 wells in 174 Winslow, Ariz., irrigation near 106 precipitation at 50, 54, 59-60 spring near 158 temperature at 97 Y. Yucca, zone of- 72 Z. Ziditloi Mountain, location of 33 view of 33 Zillesa Mesa, Ariz., springs near 155, 156 Ziltahjini Peak, Ariz., spring near — 156 Zuui reservoir N. Mex., silt in 108 O '"h 14 iSnL (\ I \ ; \ \. 