None
MAP AND DIAGRAM OF BORINGS FOR PENNSYLVANIA, NEW YORK AND LONG ISLAND RAILROAD TUNNEL; EAST RIVER TO FIRST DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON WELLS. 187 In this well the first water was encountered at 32 feet; below this was 7 feet of clayey sand and a second layer of clay and gravel. 118. Record of well at 408 Ninth avenue, Long Island City. Feet ih Sand with bowlderseeee=---2-------- PG, Seda tas Pee Noyes ee ene eas oie ye oe, 0-50 de, (Oyimeleenvadl watin manning glace = ae eee 2 eens sees 22 oo aera ee Seen eee Sere 50-57 SVAN EIGER RININeEOIOl. 2 Peon beee oe ene Se reo aeenoe Ima San eee ae ae eeer seers BY ee 4. Very hard layer of red sand and gravel. 119. Record of well at Steinway and Jamaica avenues, Long Island City. Feet il, Giicell amyallsyauln loowibloise. 52 See 5= Skene Heck neeaes Scop sesaeeeosesees se ce aor 0-18 & (Cine eee eee in cle Se l= se ee ee Sen ere eas eer ate 18-36 3. Red gravel, water-bearing. --- -- -- Pee ae OR OS eT ET Ee ee 36-65 120. Record of well at Albert street and Jamaica avenue, Long Island ‘City. Feet ie Wnstratinedyelactallgcamdaarrd terrae lees ste eee ey sear at r= eee el sis 0-4 2. QUNOROGl< . Ssons ne keededes oo essed deasosecasoe Seonecee ewe Edor eneceonae te socie 4-39 By Gmail Obie < oe Mes eececeteeo ee coer bons oe secdneea sce see ae Je sen opees oor saece soe 39-42 4. Red sand and gravel, water-bearing----.-...--------- AS ie 32 SOC eh he ye ea 42-60 124. Record of well on Twelfth street between Broadway and Jamaica avenue, Long Island City. : Feet. ieeWnstratheds sandwandwbowlderse sees =) 5 ses see = = 2s os eee eens 0-30 OmStratthedmedisand ee tesa see. sete eee eens oo Selo eRe eee ae eee Ss.) 30-60 3. Water-bearing gravel with more or less clay..:........--.-.-.-..--.-.----------- 60-65 EL VEARYGS GC m peel bath hots Be GO ei aes Ee Rn ao ete a i ae PE pete te ease 65- Mr. Allen reports that in this vicinity the water-bearing gravel lying between the stratified sand and black clay ranges in thickness from 0 to 23 feet. 122. Record of well at Grand street and Third avenue, Long Island City. Feet Peblumus-ciaimedusnndiysloamea-= 9 see semen oe ena) oe ae seal ae Sa as 0.1- 0.4 ealveddishy sandy loamitte asc st ae a= a oe Gane ces ee. See SES ee ileal 7 Suewinestomnediuma reddishi yellow, silty sand\s- =e ys | J ee 6.0- 7.0 4-6. Dark brownish gray multicolored glacial sand and gravel.....-......_.-.------ 11. 5-23.0 Se Same Dut mwal ama Ch ened Gishiesitie we eee e ere nia wen ees ye ee oe or 24. 0-31.0 123. Mr. Allen reports that this well is in an area which is about a block and a half square, in which it is quite easy to get water; outside of this local basin it is much more difficult. 125. Surface water was shut out at 225 feet, and the well tested at 352 and 608; both tests gave salty water. 126. No water encountered until 43 feet, where it was found in a crevice of the rock, and came up to within 4 feet of the surface. Water contains too much lime for boiler use. Well pumps 18 gallons a minute at suction limit. Record of well at Steinway avenue and River road, Long Island City. Feet epaite low: dbowild ety gaGlaye eer Se er rhs eye res aaa ee, Nm ee Sole ae eS 0-24. Pa Ouicksand) (veryaninenclernysaind——noO) Nal Gah)= sean ae ee eh ee eee ee 24-37 SmOourse, white crave mand sbeachiisandss-- 298-022-2925 08. oe eee Sees! 1S 37-42 4. Conglomerate rock (“like the rock at Scranton, Pa., just above the hard coal’).... 42-45 Epp Cua CISS /er'= Ste Cree Oy ers a OL c/a ats SN TR Mier yk Ht) eas 45-55 128. Impotable water is reported at 14 feet; good water at 48 feet. 129. Mr. Harper states that the record of material penetrated in this well is exactly the same as in the other wells which he put down on Barren Island. (See Nos. 130 and 131.) 188 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. 130. The following section has been prepared by Mr. Lewis Woolman from samples furnished by Mr. Thomas B. Harper : 4 ; Record of T. F. White Company’s well on Barren Island, New ¥ ork. Pleistocene: a Feet. 1) Intervals moSpecimens 2.5 2) CP se ae peep rete 522 erat ee 0- 70 2. Brownish sands, sometimes slightly yellowish and sometimes slightly reddish in CaStesecme ase Bede oe Sa oe Se Sy 27a a 1 ae 70-130 3. Reddish-brown and yellowish-brown sands, same as next above, with the addition - : of pebbles and cobbles, etc. (Jameco)---........-.---------------- ahs te 0 130-220 Cretaceous: Ae WVihitish® sam dsas 22, ee es A oe PP a eM 220-240 5: Browils Sands 202 2) 5230s. 15 She ee eee Re ee Sy 9) 22 202 -.- 240-260 6. Bluish-white sands with some lignite throughout -._.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-----.--.-- 260-500 fia Dark, micaceous|sandiy clayesnoplemie mee a=) = 1-1 ee eee 500-690 8. Yellowish-white, water-bearing sand, coarse at 700 to 720 (Lloyd sand) 131. The following samples were furnished by Mr. Thomas B. Harper to the New Jersey Geological Survey: 2 Bs Record of Sanitary Utilization Company’s well on Barren Island, New York. =~ Pleistocene: . : _ Feet. 1. Whitish sand for some distance down from the surface; heavy gravels and cob- bles at's 52244 5 Sees See nee o's = 2 Re ee ee ee 140 3. “Reddish” (?) sand. i ee : 4. Dark-colored conglomerate, quartz grains and pebbles size of mustard seed to thats ot shelloamlsc rarmcieyallim ui S arte seer Sen 218 bC@obbles atisome «distances pel ow epee soe = eee a er ee 230 Cretaceous: 6. Whitish sand. 7. “Cemented material” of feldspar and quartz..:-.....-.....---.-..--.------- 495-500 8; ‘Bluish ‘soft marl (@2)ie eye eee os = y= y=) pee ee ee 500-560 9. Alterations of sands and clays, each 15 to 20 feet thick......-..-..-.._._.-. 560-660 TOL Red; claiy aibcsec: sce Seer eke ie 28,2 Sociol a Ss ee 706 11. Yellowish-white coarse sand and fine gravel, water bearing (Lloyd sand) ------ 712-720 12. Whitish clay, prospected 4 feet, or from ===. 2.222222 22 22 ee eee 720-724 4132. The following section was reported by Mr. Chester D. Corwin: Record of Sanitary Utilization Company’s well on Barren Island, New York. ~ Feet. li; Medium’ fine jeray: smd). 2.5 ose oe re Stem > Saas) koe ete ret ee 0-135 2: White beach: sands: - 27. Ses See eee ete Ste sre ofa cataracts AOE ae aN Seer Pao 135-525 3. Hardpan, clay and stones; clay and gravel-like cement; color between gray and rowan e255 22 See <P ee atest es Seer 22) Se pec ee eae 525-530 Ay Wihite salads 25023 32s.22)2 S52 eee eeepc eo dn pa lore a en 530-680 5. Light-gray medium gravel; good water-bearing stratum -.........-...-.-.-.--- 680-700 1338. Record of White Lead Company's well on Crook Island, New Y ork. ae? ee 1. Kine gray sand... 2.552295 ee alee ae 6 ee ge ey ae O- 95 2: Brown: medium. usamd).:. .!2-\2 42 Sener (e258 2S See ee lee 95-115 3. Coarse lightzeray ‘samd! 22.2\5 22 2S 5 ae a ee eet) 8 Sec en lea 115-116 4. Brown medium sand (similartomNow2))eaase sees soa - = 22 eee = ee 116-130 5. Coarse white sand_--. -- ie Ste ee eRe ales 2 fh ine eh ages Ce 130-134 a Ann, Rept. Geol. Survey New Jersey, 1897, pp. 156-157. b Op. cit., p. 155. fy : a Pye © eee ae Ve a . CENAYS 18 HOSOI 2 X se aan nInEE Tae - ———} + } = | - - rr ‘ =i | > | £ ols &,0V foie f et - 0 ee ee . a — o. 4 2 2 aa az : ; + t s a - a a ei | - ae, a, | “wot i d> mal a" | mated 1. Pe raises oy dee? ' , ' © S.. > : . ‘oH 7 (bates ane sey : woaid WS | Moen WF audenogomod | 2 Rhu. ae =; oa s es. P Tatomats ne ee . — 7 ss | .. = = = ot = — i ; Dnbe Orie § at : i . : } ye a oe | &. hawk pet P , | : J Pest | 4 | i" ; betirgen t bet a i | | IL | padres base iit ' ' - “t a 4 = oo z , | Setagnied H ie" reas I on os , | feaviced-dal q ; dk p> ‘“edtegor ‘ vanicys 1 | , f : : : 4 oh SVoyat - — ryan 4 a |. ar fs ii wy tr } ; ae ms bs 4 r ay. { Pd wae _— lad ; } i prrtcod As 285 ae | i A p awe “ bs a i J ———— _ ? i 61% - < ~* : ius Wa alae oak | '# " : : ge peeeropipe ; : id } f FUGeHEQornOn P abein . | | ; 1 epettwnets ai ; thi Ags ¥ | ee bay HH : i ; i i" L { < - L, fay recs | ' : my a | f dsetd stidw pot } ; | : ows bhart | 4 ! } ; bin j en's wrLACs “ esis mn : L f Mamraroyius, : | i t eee Sh | LP RE hn a weitan et 3 1 ; i - t roe | i Cog ae ¢* ' ' tag : | peer. + Jot a bie RW | 24 rhug Daeg | U. S, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY _| blackish brown, HeUSareay ye fine grains, light drab, coarse grains and brown, in finer matrix ~ tt : is} © coarse grains in finer matrix, a gravel ; i homogeneous ; \grains cemented cemented in, ’ in character together Sand i Gravel | pave and sand ' light brown, oe grains i o light drab, 1 =e 0 _| fine grains, q cemented Sy eens _|Sravel and sand | < d h together Sand j together 2 : AU ss i Yo light drab, i “blackish brown Sie Pconresionbe ; White, black Sand = ' } eS : cemented Sand + cementin | | porphyritic ~| and brown, ~| blackish brown, = x 2 | | y i Sr conrsernrans = fine grains, together = blackish brown, | material present | | character ~ & rot) g = | in finer matrix, comenticy | coarse and ; : oa terial present fine grains ! orphyritic inks neg Sand | ae Stones ell Sand ' ~| light brown, ; Sand ~|white and slate | = blackish brown, x fine erelng, | wee black w eolaee ques Sand Sl “coarse and cemente and brown, ' 46 2 a ' ; % together “> coarse grains diameter .| blackish brown, MnEYBrate Sand oa os : © fine grains: I | blackish brow in finer matrix, homogeneous es 1 ~s coarse grain orphyritic 8 C | i ane 1 in character Sand in finer matri ~| blackish brown 1 , {| i Sand : coarse and together - an “f : Sand .| white, black | fine grains white, black i = and brown, ; : ; ’ | BS Nj = | cemented : 1 \ \ | 1 1 -| porphyritic Gravel | character white and slate we) colored’ quartz, | yg to "in u diameter aay ; Sand ~| blackish brow) 20 fine grains#’ homogeneou) ! Stones + in character: _| white and slate W colored quartz, Yyg to Ya’ in- diameter 25 Sand © i blackish brown, | \p coarse and | | fine grains | | Water bearing ? 30 35+} é 40+ 45 » | | | 50 ; _ RECORD OF TEST BORINGS MADE AT LONG. Prepared from the s) Clay PRCFESSIONAL PAPER NO. 44 PL. les by A. S. Farmer. No.17 K Loam <5 Clay | “y _dark brown 3 yellow ‘ | Clay Se aay % gray | yellow i mixed with grit] | ; ¥ | Sand Sand | white, black white, black A = and brown f Stones ey tne Bron ‘uieoarserand Mert Eieiate coarse grains, ; : =a Me e a sa cemented fine grains, nee ore SIU Z, : together cementing | Ys to Y in material present H diameter ¥ ; Stones _| white and slate I ~ colored quartz, t 4, to Y,"in diameter © Feet 5 Se) eee 4 vr Pot i | t : é- , oss — = —— —¥-4 . singe 5 ; eh - oD ye «| woaiigrg | | vera , | Nod : 4 Erie ati baenten id an " ed wig” | nie SE LO ak: toon peers rer a a : : ea * : » | b 3 Ne ; : * } oes Oe fir : Tarte 4 | | : : 2 arene nee : - a9 dee ~ 4 ~ le call . : Lpalewg ont eet Lng ome 4 i Bie wet | ainaie ORE dele banten « TR ceed | Ce * ittsethewles > | hide) | beet cen ' r a leslie litt | oot atiogaynans Pe Bw, a sage fh a ata As ‘ . pond : , - .7 Vatu) te a — oa 2 rapes MATES f | pwwond Gaustowtel f- i pg { | : |, rettarg aah { qunahagomet vetaereto 2} 4 : a i e* Ba - LE nitielentiaaeeclan : : F ba | 2 j * seu bangiee . & a nb ot ee ont. tT - sapmenalls | vet DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON WELLS. 189 134. Mr. L. B. Ward gives the following data: “This company operates under the franchise of the Long Island Water Supply Company in the Twenty-sixth Ward, where its property is situated. It pumps 70,000 gallons of water daily from driven wells for the supply of houses built on its tract No. 1, and takes 90,600 gallons additional from the Long Island Water Supply Company for use in tract No. 2. The plant consists of a pumping station and a standpipe. It supplies 176 houses on tract No. 1 and 275 houses on tract No. 2.” : 135. Mr. Robert Van Buren, of the department of water supply, Borough of Brooklyn, has kindly furnished samples from the deep wells put down at New Lots in 1903. From these the following section has been compiled (see fig. 10): Record of deep wells of department of water supply at New Lots road and Fountain avenue, Hast New York. Recent: Feet. Te Pte hee ee eS i es cis o. = eae CES ee Ora ato ae a re ee eee Se O- 4 Wisconsin and Tisbury?: os 2 Gray, sandivacclaygewib omensviell sursc2 stet eos co eee sce Sas Base eee Seis = fears 4— 12 3-5. Light, multicolored, fine to coarse, glacial sand. -.....:.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.---:- 12-70 Gaulich toma yavclay ae meeeyeenet mee. eee eas (Meee UR ALR Sa Os, pit ALS Soe 70— 72 (eekine tommeciumm-»lehtmyellowselactalisands y= 5-425 o> eee se eee 72— 93 8. Reddish brown fine to coarse glacial sand ........-..--...-.-.--+.---.------ 93-113 Sankaty: : Omplenehit= orang malviell liven Cl ayer cae Sate Res we es ers I en ot ts rer a hy a Stee emu, 113-118 Jameco: 10. Coarse, multicolored, highly erratic glacial sand and gravel........----------- 118-164 Messrs. P. H. & J. Conlan reported to the Geological Survey of New Jersey “ in 1896 the following: “The greatest yield and the best quality of water for the Long Island Water Supply Company were found at East New York, where it is all gravel and coarse sand. The yield was about two and one-half million gallons per day from six 8-inch wells that run from 65 to 95 feet deep.” In 1898 the same firm reported:? ‘‘We have erected a pumping plant for the Long Island Water Supply Company in Brooklyn, N. Y. We put down five wells averaging a depth of 80 feet. Supply collectively was 2,000,000 gallons per day of 24 hours. The strata were: Record of wells of department of water supply at New Lots road and Fountain avenue, East New Y ork. Feet We UO PAGOT SR Os Pe A ek, Se i Le Sn ae eM 2 et oe oy QO 4 AS VATVDYS) ASEAVG 2 2 eB os) as Ea A Be Ne a a ee eR Sg Ce ct 4- 10 Den Grrav elicit imavie Len eine eee Sieber Gata ev Ue eh AEC AN nl ee a es te 10- 35 Ah MIRA) APM OWN OER es old dake mee Sete easy Cage aaa ir a Mite ne Baie A einlona eee 35- 36 hy ‘Seana have eelNIG oe Sloe cat IOS Oe a seg en alee at vane eA a corer 36-100 Gh, CUS CaS Sic oe aicra Bhs So tii a cag ES RO ages erg rey ep te op 100- ep ine sed sand enemy pee ee ceri Nate cine pte ee Ie ee oes ret ON -140 “We went to 140 feet with one well, but got no water. It was fine red sand with much iron and no gravel, and we went no deeper. The levels of the wells are about high-tide level; a very high tide breaks up, so that they are all connected at tide level, but the water is fresh and good for use, but a little hard.” 136. The following section has been prepared from the samples preserved in the office of the depart- ment of water supply in the n.unicipal building, Brooklyn (see fig. 10): Record of Brooklyn test well, No. 17. Wisconsin: Feet leap Yiellowallosimy’ send Mpeg ees eee Ser ee ae AA gM Wine, OG} 8 2. Light, reddish-brown, fine Loy coanse> speckled isamds ose = seen e oe eee 8- 70 Tisbury: 3. Light-yellow sand and pebbles (orange sand) .._-.....-...-.-__..-..-...-.--- 70— 95 a Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey New Jersey for 1896, 1897, p. 186. |» Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey New Jersey for 1898, 1899, p. 142. 190 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. Sankaty: Feet. 4. Dark-gray clay with vegetable matter (swamp deposit) .-....-...-.----------- 95-106 Sankaty ?: 5. Light-yellow fine to medium sand _....-.-.-----.-------- woh psl os (aa ge 106-128 Jameco: ; ; 6) Kine; dark. reddish-brown sands elacial. 22 55-2 5 aes ea ees 128-140 “i: Very coarse, multicolored¢sand 4232 2 2222) ts eee eee eee es eee 140-150 8. Coarse multicolored gravel, with a very small percentage of quartz..........-- 150-170 9. Fine to coarse dark reddish-yellow sands and gravel ........-.....-.--------- 170-191 The elevation, of the surface at this point is 10.6 feet above the Brooklyn ype. 137. The following records have been prepared from the samples preserved in the office of the depart- ment of water supply, municipal building, Brooklyn (see fig. 10): Record of Brooklyn test well, No. 4. Wisconsin: Feet. 1. Dark, humus-stained surface, sandy loam---.-..------- Pee ns Riese, eee 20> ,9 2. Clean reddish-brown sands and gravels of glacial orig .-.........------------- = 9— 97 Tisbury: ots 3) Dirty-eray,sands with a few pebbles {2 se ese as = see eee Dae 6 OE SEA6 Sankaty: gos 4’, Gray qpebblyclaiy so. acs. 2 sta See ae ee cae ae re ae 126-141 Jameco: 5. Coarse multicolored gravel with a very few quartz pebbles_......-.-.--------- 141-149 Mr. De Varona reports: ‘‘Water level above the blue clay is about 16 feet below the surface of the ground, and below the clay it is about 2.5 feet below the surface.’’@ Analysis of water of Brooklyn test well, No. 4.? Parts per million. Motalsolids eA 2 22h aces 2h ee re PORTS REE Maes Mare Ic, Se a 93. 000 Loss on ignition (organic and volatile matter)...........-.-...--------------------- 29. 000 Ammonia: Pn@6 ine BSNS Se 2 ee se Sei kp eee ee a ey ny ee 014 Albummmnoid sees js2 22) 2c ee SS I re ee pe ee 078 ChilorineSascchlorides. 35-22-62 22 son 5 Mean 8 2 en a i aes ee 3. 500 Sodan schilorider Ses & sie 2, 2) ju, 3 oe ee ee ee a eS a 5.770 Nitrogen: as) mibraibesty.. = 22 22S ie ee teas No Re een cet eT creep a . 422 Nitrogenwas umitritesi. 224 00 ns SLe eae cee oe sale So) eee ae ee se eee Ce » 060 MotalMiardnesse sy: es 5 22h ee ec a 31. 500 Permanentinardnessi\- - o.2.. 22 SS ooh ao ee 31. 500 138. The following section has been prepared from the samples preserved by the Brooklyn department of water supply: Record of wells at Old Spring Creek pumping station. Wiell number: 2. 2.2 -ee cee eee en sae ee eee eee 1A. 4A. 5A. Recent: easecceeeereee nee ISN ECC) Eee ose Aaa asa sSnameeoe ac 0O- 3 0O- 2 0O- 2 Wisconsin and Tisbury-.| 2. Fine to medium yellow to reddish yellow 3-125 2-126 2-124 sand with some gravel. : Sanikaitiyss sve sees 3) Grayieravelly, Clay, --c-- esses ne- Fema eee 125-133 | 127-1387 | 127-136 | 126-136 124-134 WAMCCOM Ms ecco 4, Multicolored sand and.gravel with rela- | 133-158} 187-151 | 136-153 | 136-153 134-151 tively small percentage of quartz. a Ann. Rept. Commr. City Works of Brooklyn for 1895, 1896, p. 346. 6 Analysis by the Brooklyn health départment, op. cit., pp. 140, 142. —— DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON WELLS. 191 Messrs. W. D. Andrews & Brother, who put in the original plant at this point, report under date of _ March 8, 1895: “At Spring Creek and Baisley trial tubes and wells were driven to a depth of 100 fect or more, from which water flowed, and would rise 2 or 3 feet above the surface if confined in a tube. -By hand pumping these 2-inch wells would yield 30 to 40 gallons per minute.” Analysis of water from shallow driven well plant at Spring Creek pumping station. [By Brooklyn health department. } Parts per million. MO TalesOlid See eaten EERE is aurea nega eck eer ne oes a oe Se ee 194. 429 Loss on ignition (organic and volatile matter)........._.....-...-.-...-.-...--.---- 40. 429 IIGES) Chaco ees Sok boos San Ae eo Se ERO ee ER ee ee te ee ae . 005 Albuminoid ammonia... -..--..------ SAS Hew Pe Cee SI eee eae Ser aS .015 Chilorinesas*chlontdes eet ee ae eu ee se pe 2 Os eee 12. 857 SOCLum Chl Ord els see ewe eee I ye 2k Se Ee eS aed ee 21. 186 WOE, AG) TNE os owe sono ee ages sone Seno aaS Slee ae eee ee ee ae 4. 510 INitrop env as mibhites! eyes cme eae ee eee ELE 2 ESS eRe Cohen eGe eee None. Motalnar dinesoee ee se ee anes ee er San tees en ee ae SOR eee Rs Bak 110. 214 iRermanentshardnesst- sweet eee aya Ue i Se ee eek ne se de Sees Shei 809. 29 139. The following analysis was furnished by Mr. I. M. De Varona: Analysis of water from well at temporary Spring Creek pumping station. [Analysis by Brooklyn health department. | Parts per million. A oy ee sistoV hs bs Seer iy ah ate. Ak, sy Napa cn a SUNS gy te a ee eee pees 223. 500 Ihossuom 1emittons (Organichandswolatile smettem aes sees es see 2 sees e ye 52. 000 IPSC AUNATIT O Tal She ee ee Sen ee ne KEE AEP cay). eS IY See BSR es bet . 000 Al buminordhamimnonia ass ere ea eee een oe a re ee Sot 017 Chlorine as chlorides. ...-...-._.-- EERO ES OPE SES Soma oe ataS CAGE ee en ee eee ee ie et) a 14. 000 SaciumanchlOrides 44). ee eeepc see ne ee eho ee ee ee 23. 070 INitroven\insenitra tessa ements reese NE be ae eS oe Fale OS eke ae 6. 965 INEROC EMI AS, MILLI TOS eer eee esse eres Rae 2 Shee ee Seve cp oa a None. “ARO GIL: Tae NaViSet eis, hc t's oS chee ees ee Sey ee ene ea 92. 500 Rermanent; hardnessive seeeemere es fee clo ie ye EE Ne oe Se aioe a See oe ee 91. 000 ZAI. Section from samples preserved by the Brooklyn water department (see fig. 10): Record of Brooklyn test well No. 5. Wisconsin: Feet. i) Mellows sumiaice loans. 55s en unary Aaa oe Sh ce Memeo SS OG 2. Reddish brown multicolored sands and gravel of glacial origin._....._..._.___. 16-192 Sankaty: Bs (Cimhy Cy ccscacccose josie, SUB aes SASSER eee ORE Pee cope RA AO ees eRe we ciara 192-200 4. Dark multicolored silty sand (glacial) ----- Sao Saale ner en Net cs ee eS 200-216 De Giraysasilitnyarc] ayers ees eons = ee eee eet ae en AS eee Sn 216-281 Jameco: 6. Gray silt with multicolored pebbles (glacial) ...............-.-...---.-.------ 281-284 Accompanying the samples preserved in the glass tube is a sample in an envelope, marked “Test well No. 5, below clay, received August 21, 1895.” This sample consists of large dark-colored pebbles, only ‘about one-fourth of which are quartz. Mr. I. M. De Varona adds: ‘‘When the pipe was down about 284 feet the water level was about 46 feet below the surface.’’ Elevation of ground 61.8 feet, Brooklyn base. i 192 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOUROES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. Analysis of water from Brooklyn test well No. 5. [By Brooklyn health department.] Parts per million. Total solids: 222-325... 53 52205 5= Se et a ae ee eee oh ihn e tet ee 139. 000 Mossyonliemition (organic and ayo) etal emma ter) eee eee ee eee 20. 000 Rréé ammonia. ..225:.245) sso ee eae Gomer. oe eons eo bt ee ee eee None. Albuminoid! ammonia: 2s. 22 ee eee ee Sc Lied 2 eee ee a 024 Chlorine as chlorides... 2 ees Se see te ie 5 eee a ae 8. 500 Sodium chloride. cascc tee hee er ae eosin ee eS 14. 010 Nitrogenvas nitrates ' acme etre eaters ee Ales cs ye cece ees ne a . 659 Nitrogen “as, (tribes: 2... 5: ees Se eects ates, 5 Haul Mee reps eer I ae re ae ". None. Total: hardness=- <2) 3 eee ane Ee ee Boca rine aoe 2 Se st. fae 63. 500 Permanent hardness. =< 24 --c.o 2 Seed de Se Bee ee ee ee 63. 500 142, The wells of this company are arranged in two groups about one-half mile apart, the northern one consisting of 4 wells and the southern one of 12. The pumping station is located about midway between them, in the factory of the Agate-Nickel Steel Ware Company. Section from samples preserved in the office of the Agate-Nickel Steel Ware Company: Record of Woodhaven Water Supply Company’s well near Woodhaven. Wisconsin and Tisbury?: Feet. ily IbiedAnirlortonwinls inner liniad eARYORM GUNG. 5. ot oncce ee sees seec onasce Saones fees cscoes 0-16 2-3. Coarse glacial sand and gravel, contaiming a large percentage of granitic and : sachistose. pebbles \..2<i.2 -\2 ses eee eeeeeeae Sopr ee os ae yee ee ae 16-31 4" Hine, lisht-oray, micaceous (clayey sandes=== sees == === oes a a ero Se 5-8) Brown clactalesamd | andi rraiyie lee eeseea sears se ee eee 38-91 The whole section is pronouncedly glacial, with the highest percentage of erratic material between 16 and 31 feet. An analysis of this water, made November 28, 1902, gave the following results: Analysis of water from Woodhaven Water Supply Company’s well near Woodhaven. Appearance, etc., clear pale brownish yellow. Odor (heated to 100° F.), faint earthy. Parts per million. C@hloninesin’ chi onideste sess see eee == eee er ea ba, 8 PSSA e aaa ae S 11.5 Hquivalent ‘tol sodium’ chlonide={ 7-25 ee ee eee ee a ee eee eee 18.9 Phosphates s: occ. s2 sce See ee Se Oe et Se oe ae ee ae Trace. Nitrogen(ain, nitritesss 22:5) cag 2 Se oS ea nS 27S ee  sss Sel Secs Ee oe ee so cee ee ee 03 All panumord seamin ona e ees ee pede tet ays ds = =o /oncis chi e eee ee eee 04 Hardness equivalent tc carbonate of lime (before boiling).........-.-.-.-.---.------- 149.7 Hardness equivalent to carbonate of lime (after boiling)..............-.....---.---.- 29.0. Organic and) volatilen(osson si omit om) = =e ae ea ee 56. 2 Mineral! matter (monvolatile)!<5-2 oo) S22 eee ae en = ee nee 146: 1 Total solids (by evaporation) 2222 222 - 3022 Sone ee ne er ee eam 3 ee 143. The record of the deep well at this point has been published .by Messrs. Bryson,@ Lewis,? Darton, ¢ and Woolman.¢ A complete set of samples presented by Mr. F. H. Luce, superintendent of the Woodhaven Water Supply Company, which are preserved in the museum of the Long Island Historical Society, show gy the following section:. a Am. Geologist, vol. 3, pp. 214, 1889. b Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 37, p. 233, 1889. ce Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 138, 1896, pp. 31-32. d Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey New Jersey, for 1896, 1897, pp. 158-160. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON WELLS. 193 Record oj well of Lalance & Grosjean Manufacturing Company near Woodhaven. Pleistocene: Feet. 1. Reddish-yellow glacial sands and gravels¢?...........-...-----=------------- 0-213 Cretaceous: 2. Dark laminated clay with some quartz pebbles.........-.------.--.--------- 213-358 3x Cramy Clayrasy Seine! yall Weaning, 2cag2cos- o26oe se see oe oa eeeowoee see sso oe eeee = Ode ahl) aN Nigreyrs Gets SINGH? CIES ace ee 12 ete eet he Se eS oe Oe een ees Meg meee ee co 430-436 Mune pn Wwihitewsa ln Me pem Ne seek epee Erle ies Bra, Safin detec Nae Yaeisatss cies eioels 436-443 Gan Vierye darkeeranrr dimtygisan divas segs oe Nees ioe ae eet ec) alee ot 443-456 7. Medium white sand, with small quartz pebbles..............--..-.-.---.-.--- 456-460 SOA eypdakarc any ciymecun mes epyeyale ae ales lala sores se Se adheres alah etae oa re 460-475 OM Small uarizmerayc laa yes we Sey ek eye es Oy ae el os OES Seka 475-510 lOMHines toymediumencintyerCl sy eyarSHln Cesena es =e te se eee ee a 510-515 11. Dark, sandy, laminated clay, with quartz pebbles. -.-.........-....----.--.-- 515-518 LOE Neitie) oesohinine Bry CLE coe ha ek os ee See eee ee eee ee 518-540 13> Dinty, orayeme ditunas Sanda eee erie anor sce cialis oe oe snes ete aloes come csme 540-556 Pre-Cretaceous: RO Chae etn ete Ren ee ee eas ea ee SR ote Ss Sa eee ce es She erea 596-570 144, Record of commission’s test well near Union Pluce. Wisconsin and Tisbury?: Feet. 1. Surface dark-yellow sandy loam. Prsiveddish=yellowaisain chyic laisse eer relnraietste win (eral ee eee ean see en 135 32) Dankeyellowssanduandismealll ansvellsesscets <n 2 9a soe ete eae ee ee eae 4-5. Sand and coarse gravel, with much erratic material..........-.-...--- eats 10-15 6-7) Grayishyellowsisitliand! coanse Sandmereca..= === 22 2 828 ene sane e = 20-25 8. Fine to medium dark-yellow sand - Sec HDaneeenea Satoh GE aeee 30 9. Coarse, dark-gray, multicolored send, au much Bere ihottontell Pees OU OlEO OR Danrk=coloredwcandtawithisomewsi teseeeseen ee areas eeae es aac seen == = 33-34 11-13. Dark-yellow oily GAINGh nein en ote BOSE Bo ROT Co Ste See eee eee eee 35-46 This whole section is apparently outwash glacial gravel. 145. Record of commission’s test well near Glendale. Wisconsin and Tisbury?: Feet. ea Darkeluimus=stamedmclaypees sega mea acim ecese os Aso 8s os Se eo ee sseaseee 0. - 0.4 Deeheddishwyellowmclayssesee sear eae Shee ee See eee eles Shs See 1.5- 1.8 S= amlveddishmayellowscilinvmsan deme ereeams yer Sinise. esr s ce eee ieets ae ae ee 6. -18 G=lGeekineltomcoarsedark-cray elactall isandes 252 02555-25222 ee see eee eee 24. -76 147. Analysis of water of Montauk Brewing Company’s well near Metropolitan. [By H. W. Walker.] Appearance clear. Color normal. Parts per million. Odorl(heated stow lO02hS) fesse s sees se sa. SA eine See ae eres BE eA SU None. Ghiloninesasnehlondestamemere ene n = Wee 2 Seine Soe Pen Pee ah A eae gS ek 14.5 Sodiuraschlonidessyseaerctes cree (ae ere ey ae a ae ae eevee Lee ve 23. 89 INiiGrogenqin mithibes Memes ao oe. RE ees ee ome a Recta siecle nabs aie es 5 00 INMMBRoayeveh hak NOIAOS IS AS Ae CASS Se Soe nein 6 SAG Bes cee ee ae eee ee 1. 186 reemamimontase eters arr eee eerste aman See Ae oo ad beh olsen 2 obe's None. Oxcanicmendivolaltiilellossmonieomitlonsee er) = exer eee ate eet ae 74.5 Mineral TAA aL AOLMG: -. cadados Shoe as ade Ses SOR Cee eRe eon ee See eee 184. 0 TRapiall SOlboye so Bate 'as om 2 Sie |. com ae Renee oS SN I NTS ae cea 257.0 Mr. H. W. Walker, of the Brooklyn city health department, says, August 8, 1903: “This water is of bright and sparkling appearance, and the analysis indicates a high degree of purity.” aIn the samples the sand ends at 153 feet, but as both the Lewis and Bryson records carry it to 213 feet it has been so placed in this record. 194 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. 148. Record of commission’s test well near Middle Village. Wisconsin and Tisbury?: ; Feet. IEA SMa: Cay Olhy Nonione oo = Sa coo gbceseaseocesese BE et eter ee ey 8 Se 0- 1.5 3-o./ Yellowish’ clayey; samd/ 9) "ee eee seer sae on 2 oe ere 5-16 6) Hine! to medium~ darks mmultieolorediisamd: 259255222 2 ee ene ee 19-20 @. Dark yellowish brown) claiyeyssand) elacial- 9 — 2-2 225222228 2s) eee] eee eee 21-22 8. Dark, multicolored, fine sand to coarse glacial gravel...............-..--------: 22-23 9-11. Dark, multicolored, clayey sand and gravel, glacial..........-.-.-.-.---.-.- 30-37 12-20. Dark, multicolored, fine to coarse glacial sand-..-......._.--------- Peed i 44-96 See Table XIII. 149. Record of H. Bottjer’s well near Middle Village. Wisconsin and Tisbury?: Feet. 1. Surface loam eee B eee = a hore a2 Bs Scare Spe ve ep ee 0==3 2. Stones and clay ‘“‘hard pan,”’ with occasional streaks of water-bearing sand and praivele Sas Sere a. oh he ee ea eee eRe nn eee 3-135 2:3: Coarse -wihiteysand se. 222. <2 52h coe Ss ee oe Sea a tees Cee 135- 151. A test well put down at station No. 5 gave the following section (see fig. 13): Record of well of Citizens’ Water Supply Company at Station No. 5, near Flushing Creek. Wisconsin and Tisbury: Feet. 1. Reddish-brown sand and fine gravel.......-.-.-.----- Rife dineie i Bete MER ee Sere 0 60 Tisbury ?: Ze CoarsemedGish=brorwiN Crave se ee eee eee eee 50— 90 Sankaty ?: 3. Bluerstonyiclaiyass 05 22.5 size 22 lee See ee ee eae 90-190 152. Record of commission’s test well near Flushing Creek. Wisconsin: Feet. 1-2-Surtace; sandy loam. 25.5.2.) oe pe ee oe ee eee ee ee 0- 2 3-4. Reddish*browm clayey sand 2=-22<© 222 )s.o 9 See eee ees ae ee 4-11 5-65) Multrcoloredtelaciallsamdl andvomeiyel see: ee ee 15-22 153. Mr. L. B. Ward gives the following data: “The works of this company are located in the Second Ward of Queens Borough and were erected to supply Long Island City. They consist of three pumping stations, each containing one pumping engine, also 178 driven wells, and 7.5 miles of 12-inch and 16-inch pipe in three force mains laid to connect with the Long Island City distribution system. The pumps and pump houses are of a provisional character and the works are idle except for the formal operation of one small pump.” ; 154. Record of well at New Calvary Cemetery, Long Island City. ‘ Feet il, Wb eke tools = 5 ch gS IVE 3) G1 se eR RR) Ue I ee oe Se es e022) 2, Blue‘ clay and small ble rocky ca es. aa ee chs a ee ely ee 22-70 3. Bedirocks 5 2.,: 2520s oe eee ee ene eg ee a ee ee 70- 155. Record of well at New Calvary Cemetery, Long Island City. Feet 1: Blue clay“and! \bowlder‘rock: 77522 sere pee 2 ee a orale  cemere ee ene 2 Se Sole GEE 2 21-51 156. Record of well at New Calvary Cemetery, Long Island City. Feet 1. Hard pan ‘and ‘small rocksJ2.. 2. 302i geese ee ee = ee ae ee 0-20 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES ON WELLS. 195 157. Record of commission’s test well near Newtown. Wisconsin: ; Feet. PE Seas Uurha cee) anyieyeSam Cae sae mt ya tet tee ere me c/o sai ates oy oer Ae a l- 5.5 4-5. Yellow, clayey sand ............-..-.------- ee Ee ee oN Dee cg 2 oe 10-13 GieBovuldentel avaeees. We. semen ee A eet G9 Te 2 toa ol gal ate pee 15-16 . 7-9. Dark multicolored sand and gravel, increasing in coarseness with depth....--.-.- 18-26 159. _ Record of commassion’s test well near Elmhurst. Wisconsin: Feet. 15 Vellow: loamy onayelle eh ee es teen te ne eee Sas Seek Se ose O = 6 6-12. Fine to coarse, dark, multicolored sand with some gravel; “hardpan, very Item GMC eivillla Sousa ss aU: Sy a ee pare lee sees oer paee e aye le cl s 5 -41.5 13-16. Fine yellow sand and clay; “easy driving”.......-.-.-.---.------------- 41. 5-55 17-18. Dark multicolored sand and gravel; ‘““hardpan”_..-....-...-.-.-.------- 59 —65 Bowl dentompled een ate es eeu ae oe es fester ars Seen Se 69 See Table XII. 160. The difference in elevation between these wells is very slight. Well No. 1, if anything, is on higher ground’ than wells Nos. 2 and 3. There is apparently a very rapid and irregular variation in’ the water table. 1G. See No. 153. 162. Messrs. Stotthoff Brothers report @ the following data to the New Jersey Geological Survey (see fig. 13).: Record of Citizens’ Water Supply Company’s well near Woodside. Wisconsin: Feet. Mme anthmc layne sol derssce- eens te tons lo are Se ed 0-38 Jameco and Cretaceous?: Zeeklandiclayannixedmwathesamdee ae se ee ge ee Sy oe 38- 98 eg 2) UIC KS 10 Cl ieee omen et hae cy PS yt ee Uy ere See SN gE 98-118 Gh, ABIIIO Ol ENE eases o Aiea Se Es Sees Scere ne Si Neen rie ee ae re 118-138 Fordham gneiss: SMIIVOC Kana OTlOISSML ANC Gama Cl CR emer «ss yt Les sn. Ee Oe ee ey eee pbs tee Ue 138-227 163. Mr. Allen reports that the bowlder in the following section was blasted and that water-bearing gravel was found immediately below it. When he penetrated the gravel 3 feet the water rose in the pipe 15 feet, or 4 feet above the bowlder. Record of I. Isenburg’s well on Albert street near Grand avenue, Long Island City. Feet Ee Sade wt ago encis, as, hie ea th ee eee 3 Veit ee es eee Se Sei A WM are ayer ey N as O o 0-40 Do. SOC! MING ERRNO Leen E CIS GSEE ey SORE SU Une 1 ater Sree teen Sse es wet 5 aes ere 40-50 Soe lel eM) wild Olgenrene pitas Sy te ye ar Re ee a Ey geri) eels Oe ena Sys ae Say 50-58 Ab NAV ea SieS ORATION FERONTONL, 5 ce Soeeporre mss e soe ee RR eee Ol cit eee eee en 58-61 164. Mr.S. H. Allen states that most of the wells in this vicinity are about 60 feet deep and that he encountered two water-bearing layers separated more or less by a bed of sandy clay or clayey sand. The water in the upper layer has no pressure, while that from the lower often has pressure enough to rise 5 or 10 feet. The water from the lower layer is considered better both in quantity and quality. 165. Record of well on Tharteenth avenue near Vandeventer avenue, Long Island City.. eet iP Uncsirattiedtsandeandebowlderstess peste a= eee ee ese eee ee nae ees eee ee 0-28 ee Coarsevsan daa decane ss eee sea nee ete ha shat eden eS) ee ei Tt 28-39 Sesclancd san dawatgbowndersh. (emai site eee Soe Ae 2 ee eee 39-46 abe Olean sina Sipitis ak SETS ol Se cierce ete mee ea ect tee etn 46-56 i, ALE axo DONGLE Se seca he cee Senne s = Sree me Re eae eee 56- Gra Vatencbeanin essa daa ae a eererse etn mrs mye me eee DTA ee oe ee we ses Fo Walter-beanm eyenavel/ qu =e oe. eye maker SSS ac 2 ee aE ae Oe omnes ote eae —72 a Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey New Jersey for 1899, 1900, p. 80. 196 UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. 166. Record of commission’s well on Bowery Bay road near Flushing avenue, Long Island City. Wisconsin: 2 Feet. =2: Yellowssandy loam. 234522- 5-6 sae eee tanec oo ee oe eee JJ2) . ae ae O- 6 40 Very fine dark-oray sand amdlclayers see nee 292. 2 22 = 10-11 5. Very fine yellow sand and clay -------- See soe 5occe se Se ie eee ee ee 15-16 6-11. Fine to coarse, multicolored glacial sand and gravel -...----------- NAS ARERS: 16-40 12. (Rodlkeior bowl der 2555 nese ee erie hes, 5 eShop eg eg ID See Table XII. 167. Record of well at Albert street and Ditmars avenue, Long Island (ity. Wisconsin: Feet. 1=2. Yellow-‘surface loam = et oe he els se Ee aie Bs gee O 3 3-08 Himes yellowessiltayasen elena crien yell eo ate ee ee ae - 5-16 6-10. Clean, coarse, multicolored glacial sand and gravel ..-....-.-.-.------------- 20-39. 11; Rock or bowlder== eee tor aoe 2a ee a te Ae oe Ne ee ee ete een 39-40 — . 168. Mr.S. H. Allen completed a well at this place 79 feet 9 inches deep, which yielded 210 gallons per minute. This well ended on what appeared to be bed rock. Later the well was deepened, and after drilling 32 feet the rock was penetrated and quicksand found. It was found impossible to obtain water from this quicksand and a new well was drilled to the original depth. RAE Record of Astoria Silk Works’ well on Steinway avenue, near Ditmars avenue, Long Island City. : Feet. iL. “Hardpaines. Soccer ence sc = 25 2 ate Se Spee Ss Pp ete ee 0-51 2. Bowler: 225--eee sees Sans 2s 282 ea ene ee Oe Oe eee ee 51-53 3: Water-bearingisand and! gravel... .. coe Soe eee eee ne ee 2 teres ee 53-80 Aly FROCK: 5: Se Se cree sete igs Sint ae sie are! ae es ae ag Se hee ge 80-1 12 5: Quitekes ayn cee e areata ates a! 2 sic Sh ne, See een ee 112- 169. Record of well on Potter avenue near Park Place, Long Island City. Feet eSolidistoneandihardipressed gravel 22s eee se= aoe eee eee eee ee 0-40 2. (Blue clay =a sete seme Sao Sais also, baer es 40-48 Se @uicksam dei) clear ees ee Sah c ERISA cas ah A ea 48-56 4. Micaceous sand with water; took quite a time to clear__..._._..-_.._...-.._..-_..... 56-63 170. Record of well at Merchant street and Ditmars avenue, Long Island City. 