None
home grounds in, 339, 342 orchard and frujt work, 339, 342 Kale, 112 . sea, 118 Kerosene emulsion, 313, 320, 321 Knapsack pump, 318 Knife, pruning, 335 Kohl rahi, 101 Labor, economy of, 61 Laboratory exercises, close of each chapter Ladder for picking fruit, 187 Landscape gardening, 366 awns, care of, 377, 341 grasses for, 376 see months starting, 377 Layerings, 39, 44 mound, 46 pot, 47 planting, 44 rooting, 44 409 Layerings, tip, 45 vine, 44, 45 Leaf, cross section of, 4 function and structure, 3 structure, 8, 9 Leaves, evaporation from, 6 importance of, 6 : Leeks, 108 Legumes as winter covers, 288 furnish nitrogen, 394-5 inoculating, 287 section on, 286 value of, 286 Lemons, acreage map, 279 culture of, 284 Lenticle spots, 6 Lettuce, 96, 104 Library, books for, 390 Light requirements of plants, 3 Like and unlike, survival of, 22 Lime, burned, 296-7 chart, 297 danger of, 296 forms of, 296-7 ground stone, 296-7 hydrated, 296-7 uses of, 295, 297 Liming garden soil, 72, 80 of soils, 295 projects, 301 Limes, acreage map, 279 growth of, 284 Lime-sulfur,commercial,308,316,320 dilutions, 397-8 for scab, 309 home boiled, 307 self-boiled, 308 spraying with, 326 testing, 308 vs. Bordeaux, 303 Livers of sulfur, 306 London purple, 311 Longevity of seeds, 17 Manure and humus, 72, 80 barnyard, 290 cautions in using, 291 composting, 290 green, 289 surveys, 301 Mangoes, 275-6-7 Maple sugar and syrup, 256 March garden work, 147, 160 home grounds in, 338, 342 ~ orchard and fruit work, 338, 342 Marker for garden, 65 Market garden, 68-9 410 INDEX Marketing blackberries, 262 fruits, 192 grapes, 246 oranges, 281, 283, 285 pineapples, 275 vegetables, etc., 148 ~ Materials for budding, 51 spraying, 303, 320. Matted row of strawberries, 236 May garden work, 148, 163 home grounds in, 339, 342 orchard and fruit work, 339, 342 Mendel’s law, 25 limits of, 26 results of, 26 Mesophytes, 2 Methods of pollination, 20 Mice, 56, 58 protection against, 198 Miscible oils, 315 Mixtures of fertilizers, 292 Moisture for plant growth, 1, 2 Mound layering, 46 and root division, 47 examples of, 46 Mulch for currants, 264 for strawberries, 236, 239 of loose soil, 299 Mushrooms, 129 Muskmelons, 127, 128 Mustard, 97, 351 | Nests for birds, 384, 388 protect, 389 Nicofume, 315, 321 Nicotine sulfate, 315, 321 Nitrate of soda, 293 Nitrogen, 6, 286-7 from legumes, 394-5 —gathering bacteria, 287-9 in air, 8 sources of, 282 November garden work, 154, 169 home grounds in, 340, 345 orchard and fruit work, 340,345 Nozzles for spraying, 324 work of, 325 Nursery, a cherry, 60 a peach, 60 a plum, 60 and orchard projects, 60 forest, 360 inspection, 58 - * form, 59 of apples and pears, 60 problems, 58 Nuts, chapter on, 270 Nuts, exercises, 285 October garden work, 152, 168 home grounds in, 340, 344 orchard and fruit work, 340, 344 Oil emulsions, 313-4 Oils, miscible, 315 Olives, 273-4 acreage map, 279 Okra, 125 Onion group, 91 Onions, 106-7 curing, 109 types, 110 Orchard, avocado, 278 blasting, 298 cherry, 203-4 culture, 179, 230, 300, 301, 331 diseased and starved, 186 enemies, 202, 224-5 fertilizers, 180, 211, 213 221, 232 fillers, 207, 210 harrows, 331-2 inter-cropping, 179, 192, 208 mango, 277 olive, 274 peach, 205-6 plum, 229 projects, 192 renovation, 184 spraying, 303 weeds, 351 work by months, 337, 341 years’ work, 329, 330 Oranges, 278 acreage map, 279 culture, 281 enemies, 282 grove, 281 harvesting and marketing, 281-2 packing, 283 propagation, 280 pruning, 280 setting, 280 Valencia, 280 Organic matter, adding, 289 Ornamentals, growing, 375 Osmosis apparatus, 6 by roots, 5 experiments, 8 Oxygen, 6 . for plants, 2, 8 Oyster shell lime, 296, 297 Packing apples in boxes, 190-2, 399 cherries, 226 co-operative, 329 peaches, 212, 214-5 Parenchyma cells, 3 ee a ae, ee re ee aye eS. aa ae Paris green, 310 ' Parsley, 111 Parsnip, 113 Peach, acreage map, 203 brown rot of, 218-9 chapter on, 203 fertilizers, 211, 213 leaf curl, 219. orchard, exposure, 203-4 laying out, 206, 209, 210 packing, 212, 214-5 pruning, 209, 212-4 scab, 219 soil, 204-5 trees, as fillers, 207, 210 borers, 215, 217, 218 getting, 206-7 June budded, 206-7 September budded, 206-7 varieties, 205 yellows, 219 Peaches, cost of, 395 improving, 27, 32 picking, 330 propagation of, 50, 60 thinned, 344 Pear, acreage map, 174 enemies of, 195 harvesting, 190, 192 nursery, 60 propagation of, 53 pruning, 189, 191 section on, 189 soils, 189 spraying, 196 twig blight, 199 varieties, 189 Peas, early, 92 English garden, 96, 105 Pecans, 271. Pedigieed seed, 27 Peony, propagation of, 34 Perennial flowers, 380 vegetables, 92, 115 to 119 Perennials, choice of, 379 Peppers, sweet, 90, 124 Pests in seeds, 15 to spray, 320 Phosphate, acid, 293 Phosphoric acid, sources, 294 Phosphorous, 6 forms of, 395 properties of, 9 Picking apples, 186 Pickling, 130 Pineapples, 274 field, 275 INDEX 411 PpepEes harvesting and marketing, propagation, 274 soils and culture, 274 Pine trees, 358-9 Pistil, 11, 12 Pits for flowers and vegetables, 87 rroject, 88 special uses, 87 Plan for planting orchards, 177 garden, 63, 64, 65, 69, 79 Plans for home grounds, 366, 382 poor and good, 370-1 Plant breeding, principles of, 22 enemies, 3 food, available, 8 supply, 2, 6 growth, conditions for, 1 lice on apples, 320 on melons, 314 life, chapter on, 1 parts of, 4 societies, 2 Plantain, buckhorn, 348 Planting, annuals, 374, 376 an orchard tree, 178 apple orchards, 176 blackberries, 261 blueberries, 267 board, 178 bush fruits, 269 by colors, 381-2 cranberries, 268 currants, 263 flowers, 378 forest trees, 361, 365 grapes, 242 hedges, 371 home grounds, 366-7 oranges, 280 plan for apples, 176-7 plans for strawberries, 235, 240 raspberries, 253 rate of, for potatoes, 136 shade trees, 369. shrubs, 370 tables, 88, 92, 93, 380, 381, 396 vines, 372 , Plants, air for, 2 carbon dioxide for, 2 foliage, 382 influenced by surroundings, 23 importance of, 1 light for, 3 lists of, 380, 381, 382, 401 oxygen for, 2, 8 propagation of, 10, 33 Plate budding, 52 412 INDEX Plowing, deep, 298 Potatoes, rate of planting, 135-6, 144 fall, 298 seed, 134, 144 repacking after, 299 soils for, 132, 140 spring, 298 spraying, 138 Plum, acreage map, 227 sprouting seed, 136-7 American, 228 storing, 139, 144 brown rot of, 231 sweet, 140 curculio, 217 treating for scab, 136, 144 exposure, 228 varieties, 134 Golden Beauty, 229 Pot layering, 47 harvesting, 230 Prepotency, 23 insect enemies of, 231 Prickly lettuce, 350 Milton, 229. Project, close of each chapter orchard culture, 230 bush fruit, 269 starting, 229 fertilizer, 301 pruning, 229 forest, 365 Simon, 228 garden, see each month types and varieties, 228 garden, 79, 130 Plums, propagation of, 51, 60 score card, 78 section on, 227 grape, 251 soils for, 227 home grounds, 382 stocks for, 51 in crop growing, 301 uses of, 231 in drainage, 154 Poison sprays, in soil management 301 Pollen, how carried, 13 orchard, 192, 221, 232, 346 Pollination and bagging, 31 spraying, 327 artificial, 31 strawberry, 240 by insects, 12, 13, 20 weed, 354 by wind, 13 with Bolsters One cross, 12, 13 Prong-budding, 52 methods of, 11, 20 Propagation, by true roots, 37 self, 11, 12, 18 by underground parts, 33 tools for, 31 of apples, 53, 55, 60 underground, 13 of avocado, 278 Pomelo, see grapefruit, 282 of bulbous plants, 34 Pop-corn, 122 of bush fruits, 269 Potash, sources of. 294 of cherries, 51, 60, 224 Potassium, 6 of cranberries, 268 forms of, 395 of mangoes, 276 properties of, 9 of olives, 273 sulfide, 306 of oranges, 280 Potato, project, 143 of peaches, 50, 60 seed, quantity of, 38 of pineapples, ‘O74 varieties and types, 393 of plants, 10, 33 yields, 28, 393 of plums, 51, 60 Potatoes, Burbank, 135 Properties of phosphorous and potas- chapter on, 132 sium, 9 Cobbler, 135 Props for trees, 179 culture of, 137, 144 Protection of blackberries, Bs cutting, 134 of cranberries, 267 dusting, 144 _ of raspberries, 254 fertilizer for, 133, 140 Pruning, blackberries, 261 .- good and poor seed, 24. careful, 24 in plant breeding, 24 September garden work, 151, 167 home grounds in, 340, 344 orchard and fruit work, 340, 344 Shallot, 108 Shears, pruning, 335 Shelter belts, 358 Shield-budding, 49 ,50 of peaches, 50 Shrubs and plants per acre, 396 from cuttings, 42, 47 fruit-bearing, 384, 389 in clumps, 366 propagation of, 33, 38 to plant, 370, 401 Sifting and weighing seeds, 30 Size and weight of seed, 30 Smartweed, Pennsylvania, 353 Soaps for spraying, 315 Sod-mulch system, 300 Soil, adding humus, 72 amendments, 286-301 clods of, 72 influence of, 33 liming, 72 modifying, 72 mulch, 299 types, 71 Soils, for apples, 173 blackberries, 258 blueberries, 267 cherries, 222 cranberries, 267 currants, 263 gooseberries, 266 grapes, 241 Irish potatoes, 132 mangoes, 276 peaches, 204-5 pears, 189 pineapples, 274 plums, 227 raspberries, 253 strawberries, 233, 240 sweet potatoes, 140 wood lot, 256 garden 71, 80 packing, 299 Soils, preparing potato, 133 Soybeans with bacteria, 287, 289 Spinach, 97 New Zealand, 111 Spirea, 373 Sports, 23 Spray, calendar, 318, 320, 321 hose and rod, 323 materials for potatoes, 138, 144 nozzles, 324 Sprayer, barrel, 318, 322 bucket, 318 compressed air, 318-9 gas, 319 hand, 318 knapsack, 318 tank, 319, 322-3 Spraying, campaigns, 328-9, 330, 333, equipment, 318 exercises, 327-8 for blight and beetles, 138, 144 high pressure, 325 improves quality, 304 materials, 303, 320 principles of, 303, 320 projects, 303, 327 vs. manure, 301 of cultural methods, 104 orchard, 192, 221 potato, 143 spraying, 327 strawberry, 240 Survival of like and unlike, 22 Table, box packing guide, 399 cost of peaches, 395’ flower, 380-1 fruit, 189 of apple packing, 399 apple varieties, 400 fertility removed, 394 fertilizers, 394-5 lime-sulfur, 397-8 planting distances, 396 plants per acre, 396 vegetable varieties, 391-2 planting, 88, 92, 98, 380, 381 potato, 393 spraying, 320, 321 tomato, 392 INDEX Tank sprayer, 319, 322-3 Taxation, relief from, 363 Temperature for plants, 1 Tender vegetables, 89, 121 Tent caterpillar, 197 Testing seeds, 18, 20 Thinned peaches, 344 Thinning fruit, 182 objects of, 182, 214 Tillage, 73, 80 implements, 63, 70, 72 practices, 301 section on, 297 systems for orchards, 300-1 Tip layering, 45, 47 of raspberries, 45 plants from, 45 Tobacco dust, 316, 320 extract, 316 Tomato varieties, 392 yields, 392 Tomatoes, 123-4 improving, 28 staked, 89, 392 transplanting, 124 tying up, 125 415 Tools for gardening, 62, 75- 7, 79, 108, 154 Top working trees, 55, 60, 187 by budding, 56 Tongue grafting, 53 of apples, 53 Towers for spraying, 323 Trap for rabbits, 59 Transpiration, 7 Transplanting, 34 autumn crops, 90 crops for, 88-9 dates for, 88 distances, 88 effects of, 124. layered plants, 44 machine, 143 spring crops, 90 sweet potatoes, 141, 143 warm season crops, 89, 92 Transplanted plants, 87, 88, 92, 143 Tree guards for cats, 385 Trees, along streams, 357, 364 and shrubs at home, 355 benefits of, 364 for forest planting, 359 high buildings, 373 shade, 369 grown from cuttings, 42 growth of, 58-9 416 INDEX Trees, harvesting, 361-2 heeling in, 177, 208 knowing the, 365 on rocky areas, 375 on poor land, 363 Trellising grapes, 242-8, 251 raspberries, 254 Trips to orchards, 346 Truck garden, 69, 79 Tubers and rootrerops, 91 Turnips, 99, 105 Type, fixing, 25-6 Types of bulbs, 34-5 flowers, 11 Upland cress, 111 U.S. bulletins, end of each chapter Variation, causes of, 22 extreme, 30 extreme or sudden, 23 studying, 30 Varieties, of apples, 175, 192, 400 of blackberries, 258, 261 of cherries, 223 of currants, 263 of gooseberries, 265 of grapes, 241 of oranges, 280 of peaches, 205 of pears, 189, 192 of plums, 228 of potatoes, 134, 391 of raspberries, 253 of strawberries, 234 of vegetables, 391 study of, 104 Variety trials, 232 Vegetable, border, 65 gardening, 61 market, 148 varieties, 391 work, see each month Vegetables, autumn, 90. 95 canning, 119 cool spring, 90, 92, 95 cultural methods, 104 drying, 119 effect of heat on, 119 food losses of, 394 forcing, 120 hardy, 89 perennial, 92, 115-119 resistance to freezing, 119 - storage, 119, 139 table of, 88, 92-3 Vegetables, tender, 89 uses of, 104 warm season, 89,.92 Veneer grafting, 57 Ventilation of hotbeds, 82 Vine layering, 44, 47 Vines to plant, 372, 401 Vineyard, see grapes, 241-251 Violet, hidden blossoms of, 14 Walks in gardens, 151 Walnuts, acreage map, 279 English, 271-2 native, 271 Warm season crops, 89, 90, 92, 121 Warmth for plant growth, 1 Watering birds, 387, 389 Watermelons, 127-8 Wax making, 58, 60 Weed control laboratories, 350 Weeds, chapter on, 347 control of, 349 collections, 354 dissemination of, 348 escaped, 354 groups of, 354 in orchards, 351 identifying, 354 losses from, 351 of neighbors, 354 seeds, 354 special fighting, 354 type and control, 347 Weight of seeds, 32 White, arsenic, 310 clover with bacteria, 288 pines for lumber, 358 Wheel hoe, 63, 79 double, 108, 161 Wind breaks, 358 Winter. 