None
- Circuit, Power Factor of, 94, 95. Circuits, Advantages of in Long-Distance Transmission, 107, 108. - Cycle, 9. — Dynamo-Electric Machine, 60. — , Electrical Activity in, 91, 92, 93. — Electromagnet, 45. Fan Motors, 164-166. Flow, Curve of, 16. 206 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. Alternating -Current, Period of, 9. - Transformer, Insulation Between Primary and Secondary Circuits, Necessity for, 116, 117. — Transformer, Operation of, 110, 111. — Transformer, Self- Regulating Properties Pos- sessed by, 111, 112. Transformer, Simple Form of, 109. — Transformers, 99-132. Transformers, Primary and Secondary Con- nections of, 100. — Transformers, Ratio of Primary and Second- ary Pressures in, 112, 113. Alternating Currents, Dangers of, to Life, 50 - E. M. F., 23, 26. — Electric Current, 6, 23. Electric Currents, Dangers Possessed by, 38, 39. Electromotive Forces and Currents, 21-25. — Tidal Currents, 6. - Watermotive Force, 26. Alternation, Frequency of, 7. Alternations, Semi-period of, 9. Alternator, Compound-Wound, Separately-Excited, Illustration of, 78, 79. , Separately-Excited, 67, 69. 207 Alternators, 26, 60. , Self-Excited, 63. , Self-Excited, an Example of, 76. , Self-Regulating Compound- Wound, 70, 71. — , Separately-Excited, 63. Ampere, 14. Apparatus, Multiphase, 167. Apparent Activity in Alternating-Current Circuit, 94. — Resistance, 37. Arc Lamp, Electrical Activity in, 90. Arc Lamps, Alternating-Current, 149-151. Armature, Monocyclic, 182. — of Dynamo-Electric Machine, 58, 59. Automatic Choking Effects of Alternating Currents, 38, 39. Regulation of Dynamos, 70. B Bipolar Continuous- Current Generator, 64. Dynamo, Definition of, 65. Field, 60. Block, Fuse, 119. Blowing of Fuse Wires, 121. Brilliancy of Lamp Filament, 135, 136. 208 ALTERNATING ELECTKIC CURRENTS. C C. E. M. F. of Self-induction, 33, 34. Cell, Terminals of, 25. — , Voltaic, 23. Central Electric Station, 57, 58. — During Full Load, Peculiarities Presented by, 81-83. Choking Coil, Use of, in Series Alternating-Current Circuit for Incandescent Lamps, 147, 148. — , Effect of Coil, 37, 38. — , Effects of Alternating Currents, 38, 39. Circuit, Alternating-Current, 15. — , Closed, 23. — , Completed, 23. — , Connections of Biphase Generator, 175, 176. — , Definition of, 22. — , Impedance of, 35, 36. — , Inductionless, 95, 96. Circumstances Affecting Value of Impedance, 37, 38. Closed Circuit, 23. Coil, Choking Effect of, 37, 38. — , Primary, of Alternating-Current Transform- er, 109. , Reactive, 42. INDEX. 209 Coil, Secondary, of Alternating-Current Trans- former, 110. Collector Kings of Alternators, 61. Commercial Efficiency of Incandescent Lamp, 137. Commutator of Dynamo-Electric Machine, 60. Compensator or Choking Coil for Alternating-Cur- rent Arc Lamp, 152. Completed Circuit, 23. Composite Dynamo-Electric Machine, 70. Compound-Wound Dynamo-Electric Machine, 70. — Machines, 75. Conducting Paths, 21. Conjoined Eelations of Flux and E. M. F., 33, 34. Continuous E. M. F., 23. — Current Dynamos, 60. — Electric Currents, 6. Convention as to Assumed Direction of Magnetic Flux in a Circuit, 32. Core, Laminated, of Transformer, 108. Coulomb-per-second, 14. Counter E. M. F., 33, 34. Current, Continuous, 23. Currents, Alternating-Electric, 6. — , Alternating-Electric, Dangers Possessed by, 38, 39. , Alternating-Tidal, 6, 210 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. Currents, Multiphase, 167-182. Curve of Alternating-Current Flow, 16. Cycle of Alternating-Current, 9. - of Eiver Flow, 8. D Daniell Gravity Voltaic Cell, 24. Definition of Alternating-Current Transformer, 108. of Bipolar Dynamo, 65. -of C.E. M. F., 33, 34. — of C. E. M. F. of Self-Induction, 33, 34. — of Circuit, 22. of Machine, 55, 56. — of Phase Difference, 94, 95. — : — of Torque of Motor, 169. - of Watt, 87. Devices, Translating or Eeceptive, 21. Dimmer, Theatre, 41, 42. Diphase Alternating Currents, Relations Between, 168, 169. — Alternator, 170, 171. Armature Windings, Action of, 172. Generator, 169. Generator, Circuit Connections of, 175, 176. — Magnetic Field, Diagram Illustrating Rota- tion of, 189. INDEX. 211 Diphase Motor, Illustration of, 193, 194. — Motors, 160, 167. Motors, Illustrations of, 199, 200. Diphaser, Definition of, 175. Double Winding on Field Magnets, 70. Driven Machinery, 58. Driving Machinery, .58. Drop of Hydraulic Pressure, 102. Drop of Pressure, Effect of Length of Circuit on, 104, 105. of Pressure in Circuits, 101-103. of Pressure in Electric Circuits, Illustration of, 101-103. - of Voltage, 101-103. Dynamo, Quadripolar, Definition of, 66. — , Keversibility of, 153. Dynamo-Electric Machine, Armature of, 58, 59. — Commutator, 60. — , Compound- Wound, 70. — , Field Magnets of, 59, Dynamos, Continuous-Current, 60. E E. M. F., Alternating, 23. and Flux, Conjoined Relations of, 33, 34, 212 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. E. M. F., Continuous, 23. — , Effective, Definition of, 51. — , Impressed, Definition of, 33, 34. — , Meaning of, 22. — , Kesultant, 96. — , Unidirectional, 23. E. M. F. 's, Induced, 33, 34. Effective Current Strength, Definition of, 51. - E. M. F., Definition of, 51. Effects, Electroplating, Produced by Alternating Currents, 47. , Electroplating, Produced by Continuous Cur- rents, 56. , Heating, produced by Continuous and Alter- nating Currents, 58. — , Physiological, 48, 49. — , Physiological, of Electrical Currents, 50. , Tesla, 7. Efficiency of Electric Motor, 155. — of Incandescent Lamp, Influence of Tempera ture on, 138, 139. Electric Current, Alternating, 23. — Currents, Continuous, 6. — Lamps, 133-152. — Motors, 153-166, INDEX. 213 Electric Motors, Intake of, 155. — Resistance, 27. — Resistance, Unit of, 27. Electrical Activities of Incandescent Lamp, 89, 90. — Activity of Alternating Current Dependent on Phase Relations, 92-94. Activity in Arc Lamp, 90. — Activity of Railway Generator, 90, 91. — Transmission of Power, 155-157. — Transmission of Power, Use of Continuous Currents and Alternating Currents for, 156-158. Electricity and Ether, Action Between, 18-20. — , General Nature of, 17, 18. Electrocution, 49. Electromagnet, 45. — , Alternating-Current, 45. Electromotive Force, Abbreviation for, 22. Electroplating, 46. — , Effects Produced by Alternating Currents, 47. — , Effects Produced by Continuous Currents, 46. Ether, 18. — Streamings, 31. Examples of Electrical Activity, 89-91, 214 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. F Fan Motor, Alternating-Current, 164-166. Filament, Incandescence of, 134. — of Incandescent Lamp, 133, 134. Field, Bipolar, 60. — , Magnetic, Definition of, 32. Magnets of Dynamo-Electric Machine, 59. - Winding of Triphase Motor, 192, 193. Flux and E. M. F., Conjoined Kelations of, 33, 34. — , Magnetic, Kate-of-Change of, 35. Foot- Pound, Definition of, 84. - Per-Second, 85. Force, Alternating E. M. F., 26. — , Watermotive, 26. Forces, Magnetomotive, 59. Frequency in Alternating-Current Circuit, Influence of, on Steadiness of Lamps, 135, 136. , Influence of, on Impedance, 37, 38. of Alternatiug-Eleclric Currents in Light, 8. of Alternation, 7, 9. — of Telephonic Circuits, 7. Fuse-Block, 119. Fuse-Block of Transformer, 120, 121. Fuse Wires, Blowing of, 121, INDEX, 215 G General Nature of Electricity, 17, 18. Generator, Bipolar Continuous-Current, 64. General Construction of Incandescent Electric Lamp, 133, 134. Generator, Di phase, 169. — , Monocyclic, 179,181. Generator, Quadripolar Continuous-Current, 65. — , Triphase, 176, 177. Generators, Multipolar, 68. H Heating Effects by Continuous and Alternating Currents, 48. High- Frequency Currents, Tesla's experiments on, 49, 50. High-Pressure Incandescent Electric Lamps, 138,139. Horse-power and Kilowatt, Kelation Between, 88, 89. — , Definition of, 85. Hydraulic Pressure, Illustration of Drop of, 102. I Illustration of Diphase Motor, 193, 194. of Triphase Induction Motor, 195,196. 216 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. ' Impedance, Circumstances Affecting Value of ,37,38. — , How Affected by Frequency, 37, 38. of Circuit, Influence of Iron upon Value of, 37, 38. of Circuits, 35, 36. Impressed E. M. F., Definition of, 33, 31. Incandescence of Lamp Filament. 134. Incandescent Electric Lamp, Varieties of, 141-143. Incandescent Filament, Brilliancy of, 135, 136. — Lamp Base, Varieties of, 141-143. — Lamp, Electrical Activities of, 89, 90. — Lamp, Filament of, 133, 134. — Lamp on Alternating-Current Circuit, Flick- ering in, 135, 136. - Lamp, Parallel Connection of, 144-146. — Lamp, Socket of, 140. — Lamp, Temperature of, 140 — Lamp, Three-Wire System of Distribution of, 146. — Lamps High-Pressure, 138, 139. — Lamps, Low-Pressure, 139. — Lamps, Series Distribution of, 146, 147. — Lamps, Two- Wire System of Distribution, 141, 145. Indoor Type of Transformer, 127, 128. INDEX. 217 Induced E. M. F.'s, 33, 34. Induction Motor, Starting [Resistance of, 197, 198. - Motors, 191, 192. Inductionless Circuit, 95, 96. Intake of Electric Motors, 155. Intensity of C. E. M. F., Circumstances Affecting Value of, 35. Iron, Effect of, on Impedance of Circuit, 37, 38. - Influence of, on Keactance of Circuit, 37, 38. K Kilowatt, Definition of, 88. Lamp, Incandescent, Commercial Efficiency of, 137. — , Incandescent Electric, General Construction of,. 133, 134. — , Incandescent, Life of, 138. Lamps, Electric, 133-152. Length of Circuit, Effect of, on Drop in Pressure, 104, 105. Life of Incandescent Lamp, 138. Light, Frequency of Alternating- Electric Current in, 8. 218 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. Long-Distance Transmission, Advantages of Alternating Current on, 107, 108. Low-Pressure Incandescent Lamps, 138, 139. M M. M. F.'s, 59. Machine, Definition of, 55, 56. Machinery, Driven, 58. — , Driving, 58. Magnet, Electro, 45. Magnetic Flux, Convention as to Assumed Direction of, in a Circuit, 32. - Properties of Active Conductor, 30, 31. Magnetism, Definition of, 31. Magnetomotive Forces, 59. Method of Connecting Transformer Secondary Coils for 50 or 100 volts, 123, 124. Monocycler, 179. Monocyclic Generator, 179, 181. — Motor, Illustration of, 198. — System, 179. Motor, Definition of Torque of, 169. — , Multiphase, 167. Motors, Diphase, 160. — , Electric Efficiency of, 155. — , Electric Output of, 155. INDEX. 219 Motors, Induction, 191, 192. , Multiphase, 183-203. — , Multiphase, Advantages Possessed by, 183-186. Synchronous Electric, 158, 159. Triphase, 167. Multiphase Apparatus, 167. Current, 157-182. — Generator, 173. - Motor, 167. Multiphase Motors, 183-203. Motors, Advantages Possessed by, 183-186. Motors, Eotary Properties of Field in, 188-191. Multipolar Generator, 68. Generator, Necessity for Even Number of Poles in, 68. N Negative Pole of Voltaic Cell, 25. Non-Luminous Radiation of Lamp, 137. Number of Turns in a Circuit, Effect of, on Impe- dance, 373, 38. 220 ALTEEtfAf IJfG ELECTBIC CUKKENTS. 0 Oersted's Discovery, 31. Ohm, Definition of, 27. Ohmic Kesistance, 39. Ohm's Law, 28. Oil-Insulated Transformer, 117. Operation of Alternating Current Transformer, 110, 111. Out-door Type of Transformer, 125. Output of Electric Motors, 155. Period of Alternating Current, 9. — of Eiver, 8. Phase Difference, Definition of, 94, 95. Difference of E. M. F. and Current Effect of, on Electrical Activity, 94. Physiological Effects, 48, 49. Pole, Negative, of Voltaic Cell, 25. — , Positive, of Voltaic Cell, 25. Positive Pole of Voltaic Cell, 25. Power, Electric, 81-98. , Electric, Transmission of, 155, 156. Factor of Alternating-Current Circuit, 94. INDEX. 221 Power Wire of Monocyclic System, 180. Pressure, Drop of, in Circuits, 101-103. Primary and Secondary Circuits of Transformer, Ratio of Pressure in, 112, 113. Primary Coil of Alternating-Current Transformer, 109. Primary Power-Factor of Transformer, 126, 127. Q Quadripolar Continuous-Current Generator, 65. Quadripolar Dynamo, Definition of, 66. E Kail way Generator, Electrical Activity of, 90, 91. Kate-of-Change of Flux, 3. Eeactance, 30. , Influence of, on Activity, 96-98. of Circuit, Influence of Iron on, 37, 38. Reactive Coil., 42. Coil for Series Alternating-Current Incandes- cent Lamp, 150. Coil or Compensator for Alternating-Current Arc Lamps, 152. Receptive or Translating Devices, 21. 222 ALTEB.H ATTNG ELECTEIC CUEEENTS. Regulation, Automatic, of Dynamos, 70. Relations Between Diphase Alternating-Currents, 168, 169. Resistance, Adjustable, 72. — , Apparent, 37. — , Electric, 27. - of Alternating Currents, 29, 30. — of Continuous-Current Circuits, Circumstances Influencing Value of, 29, 30. — , Ohmic, 39. ResultantE. M. F., 96. Reversibility of Dynamo, 153. Rheostats, 72. Rings, Collector, of Alternators, 61. River Flow, Cycle of, 8. — , Period of, 8. Rotation of Diphase Field, Diagram of, 189. s Secondary Coil of Alternating-Current Transformer, 110. Self- Excited Alternators, 63. Machines, Class of, 74, 75. Self- Regulating Compound- Wound Alternator, 70, 71. Self- Regulation of Alternating- Current Transformer, 111, 112. INDEX. 223 Semi-Period of Alternations, 9. Separately-Excited Alternators, 63, 67, 69. Compound-Wound Alternator, 71, 72. Machines, Class of, 74. Series Distribution of Incandescent Lamps, 146, 147. Socket of Incandescent Lamp, 140. Source, Electric, Definition of, 21. Starting Eesistauce of Induction Motor, 197, 198. Step-down Transformers, 114. Step-up Transformers, 114. Streaming of the Ether, 31. Sub-Station Transformer, 130-132. Synchronous Electric Motors, 158, 159. System, Monocyclic, 179. Telephonic Alternating Currents, 6. — , Circuits, Frequency of, 7. Temperature Influence of an Incandescent Lamp, 138, 139. Terminals of Voltaic Cell, 25. Tesla Effects, 7. — , Experiments of, on High-Frequency Cur- rents, 49, 50. The Temperature of Incandescent Lamps, 140. Theatre Dimmer, 41, 42. 224 ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS. Theatre Dimmers, Varieties of, 42-44. Three-Wire System of Distribution of Incandescent Lamps, 146» Tidal Flow of River, 11, Level of River, 12. Torque of Motor, Definition of, 169. Transformer, Air Insulation of, 126. — , Alternating-Current, Definition of, 108. — , Fuse-box of, 120, 121. — , Indoor Type of, 127, 128. — , Oil-Insulated, 117. — , Out-door Type of, 125. — , Primary Power Factor of, 126, 127. Transformer, Sub-Station Type of, 130-132. Transformers, Alternating-Current, 09-132. — , Laminated Iron Core of, 115, 116. — , Step-up, 114. — , Use of, in Electric Transmission of Power, 159-163. Translating or Receptive Devices, 21. Triphase Currents, Phase Relations Between, 177. — Generator, 176, 177. — Generator, Illustration of, 178. - Induction Motor, Illustration of, 195, 196. - Motor, Field Windings in, 192, 193. Motors, 167. INDEX. 225 Work Winding, Diagram Representing Connections of, 179. Triphaser, Definition of, 176, 177. Two-Wire System of Distribution of Incandescent Lamps, 144, 145. u "Unidirectional E. M. F., 23. Uniphase Alternators, 53-80. Unit of Activity, 85. of Electrical Flow, 13. — of Electric Resistance, 27. of Work, 84. Varieties of Incandescent Lamps, 141-143. Volt-Coulomb-per-second, or Watt, Definition of, 87. Voltage, Drop of, 101-103. Voltaic Cell, 23. Watt, Definition of, 87. Winding, Triphase, Diagram Connections of, 179. Wire, Power, of Monocyclic System, 180, Work, Unit of, 84. Elementary Electro - Technical Series. BY EDWIN J, HOUSTON, Ph.D, and A, E, KENNELLY, D.Sc, Alternating Electric Currents, Electric Incandescent Light- Electric Heating, ing, Electromagnetism, Electric Motors, Electricity in Electro-Thera- Electric Street Railways, peutics, Electric Telephony, Electric Arc Lighting, Electric Telegraphy. Cloth, profusely illustrated. Price, $1.OO per volume. The above volumes have been prepared to satisfy a demand which exists on the part of the general public for reliable in- formation relating to the various branches of electro-technics. In them will be found concise and authoritative information con- cerning the several departments of electrical science treated, and the reputation of the authors, and their recognized ability as writers, are a sufficient guarantee as to the accuracy and reliability of the statements. The entire issue, although pub- lished in a series of ten volumes, is, nevertheless so prepared that each volume is complete in itself, and can be understood inde- pendently of the others. The books are well printed on paper of special quality, profusely illustrated, and handsomely bound in covers of a special design. x 0> THE W. J. JOHNSTON COMPANY, Publishers, 253 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL. BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. DEC 20 1941 APR 8 TX THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY. 