None
"Description of hybrid Ducks, bred from Common Duck (A. boschus) ? and Grey Duck (A.superciliosus) <J." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xvm, p. 184. 1885. "Notes on coloured sheep." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxi, pp. 402-406. 1888. "On the Wild Dogs of New Zealand." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxn, PP- 327-330- l889- "Further notes on coloured sheep." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxm, pp. 207-216. 1890. "On Rats and Mice." Trans. N.Z.I, vol.-xxin, pp. 194-201. 1890. "On Rabbits, Weasels and Sparrows." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxiu, pp. 201-207. 1890. "On the native dog of New Zealand." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxiv, pp. 540-557. 1891. (Contains many letters and memoranda re wild dogs.) " Te Kuri Maori (the Dog of New Zealand) ; a reply to the Rev. W. Colenso." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxvi, pp. 585-600. 1893. "Remarks on the rats of New Zealand." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxvii, pp. 240-261. 1894. "On rats, and their nesting in small branches of trees." Trans. N.Z.I, vol. xxx, pp. 303-309. 1897. " Breeding Black Sheep ; a study in colour." Trans. N.Z.I. vol. xxxin, pp. 191-199. 1900. "On Hybridism." Trans. N.Z.I. vol. xxxin, pp. 199-206. 1900. WOHLERS, J. F. H. "Memories of the life of; Missionary at Ruapuke. (Translated from the German by John Houghton.) Dunedin. 1895. YATE, Rev. WILLIAM. "An account of New Zealand." London. 1835. INDEX OF AUTHORITIES Records and notes of animals and plants by Messrs Armstrong, Cheeseman, Hudson, T. Kirk, Miller, W. W. Smith and others, occur throughout Chapters VII to XII inclusive; they are too numerous to index. Anderton, T. : on polecats at Portobello, 74; introduction of turbot, 186 Arthur, W.: Brown Trout, 214; growth of, 215, 217; spawning of, 219; white-fish, 244 Aston, B. C.: note on wild pigs, 37; action of red deer on vegetation, 47 ; of wild cattle, 52; of sheep, 55; of goats, 57 ; wild cats on the Kaikouras, 63 ; effect of rabbits, 93 ; note on wild turkeys, 108 ; starlings imitating calls of introduced birds, 159; colour changes in animals, 515 Ayson, L. F. : introduction of quinnat, 239 ; white-fish, 248 Banks, Sir Joseph : biscuits and insects, 295; Maoris and vermin, 338; culti- vation of sweet potato, 446; paper mulberry, 474 Basstian, Christopher: on kangaroos, 28, 29 Bathgate, Alexander: rabbits in Otago, 87; introduction of sparrows, 165 Begg, James: introduction of rabbits, Bell, Sir F. D.: shipment of salmon ova, 198 Bellingshausen, Commander: Maori dogs, 64 ; cultivation of potatoes, 450 Benham, Prof. W. B. : earthworms, 358- 61 Best, Elsdon: on Maori fleas, 7, 325; native dogs, 65, 66; Maoris and vermin, 338 ; introduction of kurnara, 446; potatoes in Maori clearings, 451 ; Cordyline terminalis, 483 Best, W.: on flight of starlings, 155 Bidwill: cultivation of potatoes, 451 Bills, C. : meal-worms, 295 Black, R. S.: colours of rabbits, 90 Blakiston, A. J.: food of opossums, 32 Bollons, Captain: opossums in West Coast Sounds, 29; goats on the Southern Island, 59 Boscawen, Col.: on wallabis, 27; laughing jackasses in Auckland dis- trict, 138 Brakeley, J. H.: carp in America, 250 Buckland, F.: humble-bees, 273 Bullen, W. R.: goats on the Kaikouras, 58 Buller, Sir Walter: destruction of Maori rats by owls, 78; incompatibility of black swans and native ducks, 107; on introduction of the wood owl, 140 ; on Australian swallows, 150; spar- rows and Scotch thistle, 169; king- fisher and bees, 281 ; albinism, 513 Bunbury, Major: on cultivations in Stewart Island, 18; presence of "cassiowary" there, 98 Butterworth, C. P. M.: brown and rain- bow trout, 227 Chambers, W.: shipment of toads, 183 Cheeseman, Thomas : Polynesian migra- tions, 7; on Pomaderris apetala, 12; specific character of introduced pheasants, 113; destruction of phea- sants due to small birds, 116; spar- rows in Auckland, 166; tortoises, 178; rainbow trout, 226; Lepidium oleraceum, 517; naturalised plants, 53° Clarke, F. G.: frogs on west coast, 181 Clouston, R. E. : absence of sparrows on Gouland Downs, 167 Cockayne, Dr A. : pigs on Chatham Is- lands, 38 ; goats on Auckland Islands, 58 ; re-grassing of Central Otago, 92 ; wild turkeys in Canterbury, 108; colour variation of lupin and gorse, 392; aggressive power of European flora, 527; staying power of native vegetation, 533 Colenso, William: on Maori dog-skins, 70 ; discovery of Veronica Anagallu, Cook, Captain Jas. : arrival in N.Z. on second voyage, 6, 13, 14; third voyage, 16, 34 ; introduction of sheep, 53 ; goats, 57 ; geese, 105 ; fowls, 109 ; gardens at Moruara, 449 Cotter, W. P. : rainbow trout in Hawea, 228 Cotton, Prof. : denudation due to rabbits, 94 Cox, F. A. D.: wild cats on Chatham Islands, 63 Crozet: introduced plants, 13; Maori dogs, 64 Cruise, Major: on plants cultivated in N.Z., 18 586 Dansey, R. D.: Frogs in Rotorua, 179; brown trout, 220 ; white-fish, 243 ; carp, 249 Darwin, Chas.: migration of N.Z. birds, 1 1 ; colour of wild cats, 62 ; Norway rat, 82; potatoes at B. of Islands, 45 1 ; supplanting of native by intro- duced species, 509, 526 Dawbin: salmon in Otago, 195 Deans, F.: twite and redpole in Otago, 172 De Blosseville : early introductions into New Zealand, 17 D'Esterre, E.: introduction of sparrows into Auckland, 166 De Surville: arrival in N.Z., 13 D'Urville, Dumont: visit to N.Z., 18 Dieffenbach, Dr: introduced pigs, 34; colours of wild cats, 62; Maori dog, 65; Norway rat, 82; mouse, 84; cultivation of potatoes, 451 Don, Rev. A. : denudation due to rabbits, 94 Drummond, Jas.: wild pigs, 37; change of colour in stoats, 75; failure of pheasants in Canterbury, 115; libera- tion of lapwings, 131; skylarks at Collingwood, 141 ; food of thrush, 143 ; blackbirds on Auckland Islands, 147; hedge-sparrows, 148; minahs destroying fruit, 160 ; house-sparrow, 164; greenfinch in Canterbury, 174 Enys, John : water-cress, 370 Ewart, Prof. Cossar: herring ova, 186 Farr, S. C.: salmon ova, 198; salmon trout, 209 Fereday, R. W. : extermination of native fauna, 508 Flett, H. B. : stoats and weasels v. rabbits, 72 Forster, J.: introduction of pigs, 34; Maori dogs, 64; increase of rats, 76; gardens in Queen Charlotte Sound, 449 Fowler, H. J.: flights of starlings, 155; minahs following the plough, 160 Gates, W. H.: wild goats in Lake dis- trict, 58 ; colours of rabbits, 91 ; wild pigeons, 134 George, Hon. S. Thorne: wild cattle on Kawau, 52 Gibbs, F. G.: wild goats in Nelson, 57; disappearance of minahs, 159 ; white- fish, 244 Gillies, Robert: pigs in Otago, 36; wild dogs, 68 ; first appearance of mice, 84 Grant, James : cats catching eels, 64 Green, Richard: starlings eating elder- berries, 158 Grey, Sir George: introduced wallabies, 26; zebras, 40; fallow deer, 48; wapiti, 49; gnu, 51; rabbits, 87; cassowary, 98; emu, 99; Egyptian goose, 103; black swan, 107; white INDEX OF AUTHORITIES swan, 107 ; Cape dove, 136 ; laughing jackass, 137; diamond sparrow, 163 Gunn, A.: goats on Galloway run, 58 Gunther, Dr A.: identification of Sal- monida;, 191, 211, 234 Guppy: dispersal of seeds, 368, 464, 466 Guthrie-Smith, H. : bullfinches in Hawke's Bay, 175 Hall, J.: wild dogs in North Island, 69 Hallett, T. : wild turkeys, 108 ; peafowls, 109; fowls in North Island, no Hamilton, A. : introduction of potatoes, 45° Hansen : red deer, 47 Hardcastle, E.: wild pigs, 36; red deer, 41-46; rutting season of fallow deer, 48 Hart, F. : food of opossums, 31 Hassing, G. M.: wild dogs in Otago, 69 Hay, James: wild fowls on Banks' Peninsula, no Hector, Dr (Sir) James : Maori dogs, 67 ; identification of Salmonidae, 19 1,192, 234 Henry, Richard: ferrets and native ducks, 74 Hilgendorf, Dr F.: skylarks at high altitudes, 141 ; sparrows and insects, 169; white-pine-borer, 293 Hill, H.: rooks in Hawke's Bay, 153; starlings and hawks, 155 ; bullfinches, 175 Hill, T. B.: introduction of sparrows in Auckland, 167 Holman: guinea-fowls and hawks, 108, 510; shining cuckoo and Nyctemera, 512 Hooker, Sir J. D.: aggressive power of Scandinavian flora, 525 Hopkins, I.: humble-bees, 274 Hotop, L. : goats in Lake county, 58 Howell, Wilfred, Salmo fontinalis , habits of, 225 ; rainbow trout, 229 Howes, George: small birds and fruit, 1 74 ; fresh- water turtles in Southland , 178 Huddlestone : red deer in Nelson, 41 Hunt, F. L.: ornamental finches, 164 Hurrell: food of opossums, 32 Hutchins, C.: ticks on hedgehogs, 97; starlings at Napier, 155 Hutton, Captain F. W. : relationships of N.Z. Fauna, 7; rat swarms, 81 ; wild Spaniards and rabbits, 93 ; destruc- tion of pheasants, 113; rooks in Canterbury, 154 Johnson, A. M. : wallabies, 26 ; introduc- tion of salmon, 194; salmon-trout, 208; brown trout, 212; Scotch burn trout, 221 ; alpine char, 222; American brook trout, 222 ; white-fish, 245 ; gold-fish, 250; sundry fish, 251,252; perch, 254 INDEX OF AUTHORITIES 587 Kennedy : wild pigs, 39 Kent, W. Saville: Tasmanian salmon, 193 Kerner, E. von M. : food of thrush, 145 ; of blackbird, 147 Killen, J. M.: frog in Whangarei, 182 King, Captain: visit to New Zealand, 19 King, J.: Australian brown frog, 181; rainbow trout, 228 Kirk, H. B.: sheep on Kapiti, 56; report on opossums, Appendix A, white- pine-borer, 292 Kirk, Thomas : naturalisation of plants, 532 Kirk, T. W. : breeding habits of sparrow, 1 68; English lizards in Wellington, 178; climbing frogs, 181 Labes, Alfred : wild pigeons at Duntroon, Le Souef, Dudley: opossums in Australia, 32 Lyall, Dr: wild dogs, 68 McBean: mallards on Lake Okareka, 1 02 ; American wood duck, 103 ; black Indian duck, 103 McDonald, Marshall: quinnat salmon on Atlantic coast, 240 Mackenzie, Sir Thomas : weasels, 74 M'Latchie, Thomas: starlings and poisoned grain, 158 McNab, Dr R.: destruction of eggs by wekas, 105 Mahoney: starlings' flights, 155 ; minahs destructive to fruit, 160 Marriner: grey rats, 81; brown frogs eaten by Australian green frogs, 179 Marsden, Rev. Samuel: arrival in N.Z., 19; introduction of cattle, 51; of sheep, 53 ; cultivation of potatoes, 450 Martin, H. B., disappearance of rabbits from Auckland, 90 Meeson : rat swarms, 80 Meyrick: relationships of N.Z. Lepi- doptera, 8 Monro, Dr: wild pigs in Otago, 35 Morrison, W. G.: red deer, 47 Mueller, George: weasels and ferrets v. native birds, 74 Murison, W. D. : wild dogs in Otago, 68 Murrell, J. R.: Bharal in Mt Cook region, 56; chamois, 60 Norman, Richard: ferrets and native birds, 74; starlings and poisoned grain, 157 O 'Regan, P. J.: destruction of native pigeons attributed to introduced birds, 157 Peacock, Hon. J. T. : sparrows in Canter- bury, 165 Peters, Charles J.: cats v. rabbits, 62; stoats and weasels, 72 Petrie, D.: rabbits in Central Otago, 92; denudation due to rabbits, 94; gorse and Californian quail, 392; thistles as sheep feed, 423 ; flowering plants of Otago, 521 ; spread of introduced plants, 529 Phillips, Ernest: growth of trout, 220; rainbow trout, 229 Phillips, L. J.: blackbirds killing tuis, .147 Philpott, A. : distribution of N.Z. Lepi- dpptera, 8; mice in western bush district, 84; small brown owl, 139; range of song thrush, 144; of black- bird, 146; flight of starlings, 156; food of starlings, 157 ; nesting places, 158; sparrows not in bush country, 167 ; range of chaffinch, 170 ; redpole in Southland, 172; gold- finch, 173; greenfinch, 174; yellow- hammers in Southland, 176; humble- bees, 277 ; white-pine-borer, 293 Pollock, John: Californian quails in Nelson, 126 Potter, A. T.: life-history of Dermestes, 290 Potts, T. H.: habits of skylarks, 141; Australian magpies resisting harrier hawks, 151 ; food of greenfinch, 174 Reynolds, Richard : abundance of hawks, 5io Riddell, W. : white-pine-borer, 293 Ritchie, Dr Russell: fleas, 326 Rutherford, A. J.: type of Salmonidas in N.Z. , 190 ; carriage of frozen trout ova, 215 Rutland, J.: swarms of rats, 80 Scott, Robert: wild pigs in Otago, 35; wild cats, 62 Seebohm, H.: migration of larks, 142; lines of migration, 536; migrant races of birds, 537 Smith, S. Percy: Maori dogs, 65, 67; introduction of Kumara, 446 Smith, Captain W. M.: early settlement in Otago, 19 Smith, W. W. : food of opossums, 29 ; Maori rat, 78; starlings, 155; dis- appearance of minahs, 160; food of goldfinch, 173; siskins in Taranaki, 174; cirl-buntings, 175; yellow- hammers in camps, 176; bees, 277; thrips, 327 Spackman, W. H.: salmon trout, 209 Speight, Prof. R. : rats in Christchurch, 81 Stead, Edgar T. : disappearance of rabbits, 90; hedgehogs and poultry, 97; wonga-wonga pigeons, 133; ring-doves, 133; disappearance of the minah, 159; cause of failure of linnets, 172; white-fish, 246 Studholme, M.: introduction of walla- bies, 26 Suter, H.: land mollusca, 8 588 INDEX OF AUTHORITIES Tancred : wild dogs, 69 ; rats, 77 Tanner: identification of Salmonidae, 192 Taylor, Rev. R.: naturalised pigs, 36; native dogs, 65 ; Maori rat, 77 Thomson, G. Stuart: wild dogs in Marlboro', 70; behaviour of stoat, 73 ; Maori rat, 78 Thomson, Dr W. Malcolm : brown owl v. morepork, 139 Traill, W.: geese on Stewart Island, 1 06 Travers, H. H.: wild cats on Chatham Islands, 64; silver-grey rabbits, 86; cause of disappearance of turkeys, 109 Travers, W. T. L. : Maori rat, 77 ; food of native hawks, 85 ; destruction of native flora, 527 Treves, Sir F. : destructive work by American squirrels, 76 Tuckett, T.: first record of rabbits in N.Z., 85 Turner, E. Phillips: wild horses, 39; hares on volcanic plateau, 96 Wallace, Alfred Russell: effect of Nor- way rat, 82; supplanting of native by introduced species, 509, 526 Warburton, A.: kowhai trees and wild pigeons, 135 Warden, H.: small brown owl v. more- pork, 139 Watson, H. N.: introduction of toads, 183 Watts, H.: alleged hybridisation of sky- lark and native pipit, 141 ; starlings and red currants, 158 Weir, H. C.: wild cats in Otago, 63 White, Taylor : wild dogs, 67 ; rats, 80 ; plague of mice, 84 Wilkes : vegetables on Auckland Islands, 45i Williams, Captain: early cultivation of the potato, 17 Williamson, Dr H. C.: retardation of herring ova, 186 Wilson, Andrew : wild dogs, 69 Wohlers, Pastor: mice in Ruapuke, 84 Wright, A. M.: destructive beetles, 290 Yarborough: wild horses, 39; cattle in Hokianga district, 52; stoats and weasels, 75 ; non-burrowing rabbits, 91; frogs, 179 Youl: introduction of Salmonidae into Australia, 188, 194 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS The names of species of animals are indicated by f, those of species of plants by J ^.Acacia armata, 404, 554; \A. dealbata, 403 ; % A. decurrens, 403 ; I A. longi- folia, 404; %A. melanoxylon, 404; \A. pycnantha, 403 %Accena ovina, 407 ; native species spread by animals, 522; %A. glabra, 522; \A. Buchanani, 522; %A. micro- phylla, 522; $A. sanguisorbce, 522 "^Accentor modularis, 148, 537 \Acer pseudo-platanus, 562 \Achet a fuliginosa, 268 lAchillea millefolium, 430; \A. tanaceti- folia, 430 ^Achorutes armatus, 266 iAcicarpha tribuloid.es, 420 Aconitum napellus, 367 Acridotheres tristis, 159, 539, 565 •\Adeixis inostentata, 302 \ Algeria tipuliformis, 301, 550 \JEgintha temporalis, 163 ! Agave Americana, 480 Agonochila binotata, 284 Agrimonia Eupatoria, 407 Agrimony, 407 •^Agriolimax agrestis, 260; f-4- fet#s, 260 \Agriotes lineatus, 295 \Agropyrum pectinatum, 449 ; J^4. repens, 499 ^.Agrostis alba, 491 ; J.4. vulgaris, 491 •\Agrostis segetum, 303 ; t^4. ypsilon, 524 \Aira Caryophyllea,^g2 ; J ^4 ./>r<«coa;,492 t^4^ galericulata, 103; f^4. sponsa, 103 t^4/awrfa aryensis, 140, 537 Albinism in birds, 513 \Albizzia lophantha, 404 t^4/6Mrn2« lucidus, 251 \Alchemilla arvensis, 407 f./J/e&es machlis, 50 Alder, 476 Alfalfa, 394 \Alisma Plantago, 481 Alkanet, 444 All-good, 470 \Allium sp., 13 ; J^4. ce^a, 482; JA/ra- grans, 483; J^4. Porrum, 482; J^4. 487; IA. tmberbis, 487 \Antholyza eethiopica, 480 ^Anthonomus pomorum, 298, 551 \Anthornis melanura, 509 \Anthoxanthum odoratum, 489 t^4wfArCTZi« musteorum, 291 %Anthriscus cerefolium,4i6 ; %A. vulgaris, \Anthus novee-sealandice, 141, 511 590 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS \Anihyllis vulneraria, 399 ^.Antirrhinum orontium, 455 \Apargia autumnalis, 437 ^ Aphcenogaster antarcticus, 306 \Aphelinus malt, 558 Aphis, black, 331; black peach, 329; cabbage, 329; pine white, 329; woolly, 330; yellow, 328; green peach, 561; leaf crumpling a. of elm, 561; poplar gall, 561; spruce, 561 f Aphis bakeri, 561; ^A. brassicee, 272, 370; \A. nerii, 561; -jvJ. persicce- niger, 329; ^A. rosce, 329 \Aphodius granarius, 283; -\A. pusillus, 283 •[Apis ligustica, 279, 559; \A. mellifica, 279, 559 \Apium graveolens, 415; %A. Lessonii, 415; \A. leptophyllum, 415 \Aponogeton distachyon, 370, 481 Apple, 409; borer, 524 Apple-blossom weevil, 298, 551; A. leaf-hopper, 561 ; A. scale, 332 \Apteryx australis, 98, 507; \A. haastii, 507; -\A. mantelli, 507; -\A. oweni, 507 \Aquilegia vulgaris, 366 \Arabis hirsuta, 370 Arctic fox, proposed introduction, 542 \Arctium Lappa, 421, 554 \Arenaria serpyllifolia, 382 \Argemone mexicana, 368 }Arion empiricorum, 263 ; \A. hortensis, 263; ^A. incommodus, 263; ^A. minimus, 263 ; \A. subfuscus, 263 t Armadillidium vulgare, 340 \Arnoseris pusilla, 435 \Arrhenatherum avenaceum, 493 ; \A, bulbosum, 493 $ Artemisia absinthium, 432 Artichoke, Jerusalem, 428 Arum-lily, 485 \Arundinaria macrosperma, 495 •\Ascaris lumbricoides, 353; -[A. mar- ginata, 354; f^- megalocephala, 353; t^4- mystax, 354; t^- s«". 353 \Asclepias nivea, 442 •j-^tt'/ws varius destroying humble-bees, 279 % Asparagus officinalis, 481 \Asphodelus fislulosus, 482 •\Aspidiotus aurantii, 332; f-^- buddleiez, 333 ; t^4- camellia, 333 ; t-4. Ae^er«, 333 ; "M- wer«. 333 ; "M- perniciosus, 333. 550; t^-^o^", 333 % Aster imbricatus, 427; Jvi. subulatus, 427 ^Asterolecanium variolosum, 336 ^Athene noctua, 138; carrying seeds of wormwood, 432 Atlantic salmon, 193-211; failure to mark, 538 J^Zro/xz belladonna, 452 \Atropis distans, 496 pulsatoria, 270 \Aulacaspis rosce, 331 Aute (aouta), 474 \Avena fatua, 493; %A. flavescens, 493; J^4. pubescens, 493; J^4. safi^a, 492; J^. strigosa, 493 Axis deer, 48 Bacon-beetle, 290, 291 Balm, 460 Banana-moth, 302 Bandicoot, 33 \Barbarea prcecox, 370; J5. vulgaris, 37° Barbel, 251 Barberry, 367 •\-JBarbus vulgaris, 251 •f-Barec confusella, 308 \Barkhausia taraxacifolia, 438 Barley, 500; grass, 501 ^Bartsia viscosa, 458 Basil thyme, 460 tBosstw generosus, 271 ; f-S- lactatorius, 271 Bathurst bur, 428, 553 Beaked parsley, 416 Bean, broad, 402 ; kidney, 402 Beard-grass, 490 Bears in Canterbury, 542 Bed-bug, 327; straw, 419 ^Bedellia somnulenta, 309 Bee, hive-, 279; humble-, 273; bee- moth, 303, 304 Beet, 471 Bell-bird, Australian, 162; native, in- crease of, 509 ^.Bellis perennis, 428 \Benthamiafragifera, 418 \Berberis vulgaris, 367 \Beta cycla, 471 ; JJS. vulgaris, 471 Bharal, 56 \Bidens tripartita, 429 ^Bipalium kewense, 350 Birds, native species of, 506 Bird's-foot, 400 Biscuit-weevil, 293 Black beetle, 267 ; -berry, 400, 553 ; bindweed, 466; -bird, 146, 565; -cap warbler, 150, 536; couch, 491; fly, 331; game, 128; -spotted trout, 231; -thorn, 405; vine- weevil, 297 ; wood, 404 Bladder campion, 380 •\Blatta germanica, 267; -[B. latipennis, 267 ; f-B. orientalis, 267 Bleak, 251 Blight-bird, 161 ; increase of, 511 Blow-fly , European , 3 20 ; golden-haired , 321 Blue-back salmon, 241 ; -eyed grass, 479; gum, 411 ; -tit, 152 Boar, wild, 33 Bob-white, 127 •^Bombus hortorum, 273 ; f-B. lapidarius, 273 ; t^- lucorum, 273 ; -\B. rudera- tus, 273 ; f-B- terrestris, 273 •\Bombyx mori, 300 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS Book-louse, 270, 558; -tick, 270, 558 \Borago officinalis, 443 Borer, 297; ship-, 291; wharf-, 296; white-pine-, 292 •\Borkhausenia pseudospretella, 307 {Bos taurus, 51 Bot-fly, horse, 323; sheep nasal, 323 ^.Bowlesia tenera, 415 Box-thorn, 453 \Brachypodium pinnatum, 495 Bramble, 405 ; -finch (brambling), 171, 536 \Branta canadensis, 104; "\B. nigricans, 104 %Brassica adpressa, 375 ; Jfi. alba, 375 ; IB. campestris, 373, 554; %B. napus, 374; %B. nigra, 375; %B. sterilis, 497; J.B. tectorum, 497; J.B. unioloides, 498; J.B. vestitus, 498 Broom, 393 ; prevention of, 543, 553 ; rape, 458; white, 393 \Broussonetia papyrifera, 474 Brown trout, 212-20 •)• Bruchophagus funebris ,559 \Bruchus rufimanus, 296 Brush turkey, 107 •\Bryobia pratensis, 348, 550 Buckwheat, 466 Budgerigar, 136 Buffalo-grass, 488 •\Bufo calamita, 183; fB. vulgaris, 182 Bug, bed-, 327 Bullfinch, 175 Bunting, cirl, 175 ; Ortolan, 176; reed, i?5 %Bupleurum rotundifolium, 414 •\Buprestis lauta, 295 Bur clover, 553 ; marigold, 429; thistle, 421 ; weed, 428 Burdock, 421, 553 ; small, 428 Burnet, 407; great, 407; salad, 407; saxifrage, 416 Burying beetle, 294 Butter-bur, 422 Buttercups, 364—66 Butterfly, English Red Admiral, 300; Small Tortoiseshell, 300 Cabbage aphis, 329; moth, 308; wild c., 372 •\-Cacatuagalerita, 137 \Caccabis petrosa, 124; fC". rufa, 123; fC. saxatilis, 124 \Caccecia exccssana, 516; mistaken for codlin moth, 524, 551 ^Ccecilianella acicula, 263 \Ccedida olivacea, 268 \Cairina moschata, 99 \Cakile maritima, 377 \Caladium esculentum, 485 \Calamintha Acinos, 460 \Calandra oryzce, 298 \Calandrinia caulescens, 384 \Calathus zealandicus, 284 ^.Calendula officinalis, 435 Californian quail, 124, 392, increase attributed to stoats and weasels, 515; red-wood, 477; salmon, 231; thistle, 425, 553 %Calla cethiopica, 484 \Calliephaltes messer, 273, 305 \Callipepla calif arnica, 124 \Calliphora erythrocephala, 320; fC. quadrimaculata, 321 •\Callirhae allaspa, 297 \Calluna vulgaris, 440 %Calocasia antiquorum, 485 ; JC. macro- rhiza, 485 •\Calopsitta novee-hollandiee , 137 \Calotis lappulacea, 427 \Camelina saliva, 372 ^Campanula hybrida, 439; JC. Trache- lium, 439 Campion, red, 381 ; rose, 381 ; white, 381 Canadian flea-bane, 427; land-locked salmon, 242 ; stinkweed, 377 ; thistle, 425, 553; water-thyme, 478; wild rice, 489 Canary, 176, 515; native, 507 Canary grass, 489 ^Cancer pagurus, 343, 538 Candytuft, 377 fCants familiaris , 64 \Canna indica, 478 Cape cardinal, 162; fuchsia, 418; gooseberry, 452; water-lily, 481; weed, 435, 436 •\Capra ccgagrus, 56; ^C.jemlatca, 59 ICapsella Bursa-pastoris, 375 ^.Capsicum annuum, 452 Caraway, 415 •\Carcinops, i^-striata, 286 \Cardamine hirsuta, 371; JC. hetero- phylla, 371 Cardoon, 422 \Carduelis elegans, 173, 537; \C. spinus, 173 \Carduus crispus, 423; \C. nutans, 422; ^C.pycnocephalus, 423, 554 %Carex divisa, 486; IC.flacca, 486; JC. longifolia, 486; JC. muricata, 486; C. panicea, 486 chilensis, 50; fC. virginianus, noctua, 139 Carline thistle, 421, 554 Carp, 249 ; trout, 211 •{Carpocapsa pomonella, 305, 524, 549, 550 ^Carine 592 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS •fCarpophilus hemipteris, 286 ; fC". muti- latus, 286 Carrot, 417 ICarum Carui, 415; %C. Petroselinum, 415 •\-Casarca variegata, 100 Cassowary, Solomon Island, 98 Castor-oil plant, 473 •\Casuarinus bennetti, 98 Cat, Australian native, 33; wild, 61; destroying lizards, 508 Catchfly, 380; nodding, 381 Catfish, American, 253 •^Catheturus lathami, 107 Cat mint, 461 Cat's-ear, 436 Cattle, wild, 51; c. killed by eating thistles in Australia, 426 %Caucalis nodosa, 417 ifCavia porcellus, 84 •\-Cecidomyia destructor, 311 \Cedrondla triphylla, 461 Celandine, 368 Celery, 415 \Celmisia spectabilis, 534 i.Celsia cretica, 455 \Cenia turbinata, 431 \Centaurea Calcitrapa, 421, 554; JC. cyanus, 421; JC. melitensis, 422; %C. nigra, 421 ; 1C. solstitialis, 422 Centaury, 442 Centipedes, 546 \Centranthus ruber, 419 %Cerastiumglomeratum, 382 ; %C. triviale, 382; %C. viscosum, 382; JC. WM/- gatum, 382 \Ceratochloa unioloides, 498 \Ceratophyllus fasciatus, 325 \Cercyonflavipes, 285 fCereopttf novce-hollandice, 106 tCen'ornw temmincki, 117 fCermafta smithii, 265 fCm;ws a*w, 48; fC". canadensis, 49; fC. Jama, 47; f^. elaphus, 41; fC. m'/ja, 50 ; fC1. unicolor, 49 •\Chcerocampa celeris, 301 \Chcerophyllum temulum, 416 fCAiSfococciw parvus, 338 Chaffinch, 170, 539 •\Chalcococcyx lucidus, 512 Chamois, 60 Chamomile, wild, 430 Char, alpine, 222 ; American, 223 ^Charadrius pluvialis, 130, 537 Charlock, 375 ^Chaulelasmus streperus, 101, 537 \Cheurantkus Cheiri, 369 \Chelidonium majus, 368 \Chelisoches moris, 267 \Chelodina longicollis, 178 •fC/ien hyperboreus, 106 \Chenalopex eegyptiaca, 103 \Chenopodium album, 470, •\Chermes corticalis, 329; fC. lands, 329; \C.pini, 329 Cherry, 405 Chervil, 416 Chicken-louse, 269 Chickweed, 382; mouse-ear, 382 Chicory, 436 Chili, 452 Chinook salmon, 231 •\-Chionaspis citri, 331 ; |C. a"«&z'a, 331 Chipmunk, 75 Chital, 48 •fChlamydocen jubata, 106 \Chlora perfoliata, 442 \Chorioptes auricularum, 346 Chrysanthemum fly, 317 ^.Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, 431, 553; JC. Parthenium, 431; JC. segetum, 43 1 \Chrysobactron Hookeri, 534 \Chrysocaris sp., 317 \Chrysolophus amherstite, 1 10 ; -\-C.pictus, no •\Chrysomphalus rossi, 333 \Cichorium endivium, 436; %C.Intybus, ^Cicindela tuberculata, 306 •f-Ciwex lactularius, 327 Cineraria fly, 317 Cinquefoil, 406 \Cionella lubrica, 263 \Circus gouldii, 510 Cirl bunting, 175, 540 Cisco herring, 249 Cistus sp., 378 ^Citrullus vulgaris, 413 iCftrtw aurantium, 390 \Claytoniaperfoliata, 384 Cleavers, 419 •\Clemmysjaponica, 178 \Clianthus puniceus, 518 Click-beetle, 294 Clothes-moth, 307, 309, 310 Clover, alsike, 398; clustered, 397; crimson, 395 ; Dutch, 398 ; meadow, 397; red, and humble-bees, 273, 395; reversed, 398; rough, 397; strawberry, 398; sulphur, 395; white, 398; zigzag, 397 •[Clupea harengus, 185; movement of indigenous species on the coast, 538 %Cnicus arvensis, 425, 553; JC. m'o- phorus, 425 ; JC. lanceolatus, 423 ; JC. palustris, 425 •\Coccinella n-punctata, 287; fC. co/i- fornica, 287; f^. sanguinea, 288; fC. tasmanii, 515 fCocow cacri, 337; fC. hesperidus, 334; fC. longulus, 334; fC. maculatus, 334; tc- w»or», 334; fC. persicce, ichii 553. 507; C. Bonus-henricus, 470; JC. murale, 470; JC. urbicum, 470; JC. viride, 470 ^Chenopsis atratus, 106 Cochineal insect, 337 \Cochlearia Armorada, 371 Cockatoo, sulphur-crested, 137 Cockroach, 267, 268 Cockspur-grass, 488 Cockspur thistle, 422 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 593 Cocos, 485 Codlin moth, 272, 305, 549, 550 •\Ccenurus cerebralis, 352 ; ^C.serialis, 352 \Collomia coccinea, 442 ^Columba livid, 134 Columbine, 366 Comfrey, 443 iComptosia bicolor, 318; \C.fasciata, 318 Conium maculatum, 414, 554 Coniuomus nodifer, 289 Connochcetes gnu, 51 ^Contarinia tritici, 312 if C onus marmoreus, 258 ^.Convolvulus arvensis, 447 Convolvulus hawk-moth, 301 \Conyza ambiqua, 427 Coot, Australian or Murray, 129 ^Coptomma variegata, 349 \Cordiceps sp., 306 Cordyline terminalis, 483 ^Coregonus albus, 243 Corn chamomile, 429; cockle, 382; flower, 421; gromwell, 444; salad, 420; weevil, 298 iCoronilla varia, 400 Coronopus procumbens, 376 Corvus frugilegus, 152, 537; fC. ntone- dula, 154 %Corydalis lutea, 369 \Corynocarpus Icevigata, 391 •\Coturnix australis, 118; fC. coroman- delica, 120; fC. novee-zealandus, 100, 507; fC. pectoralis, 3, 119 Couch-grass, 499 Cowry bird, 163 Cowslip, 441 Crab, British edible, 343, 538 Crab-louse, 338; grass, 487 Cranberry, American, 440 Cranesbill, meadow, 387 ; shining, 387 \Cratcegus oxyacantha, 408, 562 Crayfish, native fresh-water, 216, 508 \Creadion carunculatus, 507 Creeping jenny, 441 ; thistle, 425 \Crepis fcetida, 438; JC. setosa, 438; JC. tar axacif olio. , 438; JC. racemosa, 447 •\Cyanorhamphus auriceps, 507; ^C. novce-zealandice, 507 •Cyclonotum marginale, 285 •Cycnopsis cycnotdes, 105 .Cydonia vulgaris, 409 •Cygnus olor, 107 4.Cynara Cardunculus, 422 \Cynodon dactylon, 493 \Cynoglossumfurcatum, 445 ; JC.fmcron- jAwm, 445 ICynosurus cristatus, 494; JC. ecfunatus, 494 \Cyperus lucidus, 486; 1C. rotundas, 486; jc. «^f«5, 486, 563; :c. tenellus, 563 tCy/>n«itt carasnus, 250; fC. carpio, 240 pacificus, 3 unipunctatus, 524 ow &OVM, 353; f^ 352; fC. fasciolaris, mediocanellatee, 353 ; fC 353 J fC. temticollis, 352 ' albidus, 393; JC. ceUulosa, 353; fC. pisiformis, 393; aus, 393; . at«, 393 . candicans, 394; JC. capensis 393 ; JC. jcoporiitf, 393, 553. nudus, 347 candidus, 376 Dace, 252 \Dacelogigas, 137 - \Dacnusa sonckivorus, 271, 317 JDacfy/w glomerata, 494 ^Dactylopius adonidum, 289, 336; f^- aunlanatus, 525 ; f^- coccus, 337 t-Dacus psidii, 315 t/)o^/a acuta, 99, 537 Daisy, 428; ox-eye, 431 Dame's rocket, 371 •\-Damonica reevesii, 178 \Danaida chrysippus, 299; f-D- erippus, 299; ^D.plexippus, 299 Dandelion, 533 \Danthonia semtannularis spreading in Auckland, 531; in Marlborough, 534 Darnel, 499 SDasyneura pyri, 3 1 2 Dasyurus viverrimus, 33 Datura Stramonium, 453 Dowciw Corora, 417; t/). brachiatus spread by animals, 523 •\Daulias luscinia, 148, 536 Deadly nightshade, 452 Dead-nettle, purple, 462; white, 462 Dead-sea apple, 448 Death-watch, 292 ; lesser, 270 38 594 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS Deer, axis, 48; black-tailed, 50; fallow, 47; Japanese, 50; mule, 50; red, 41; sambur, 49; South American, 50; Virginian, 50; Wapiti, 49; white-tailed, 50 J Delphinium Ajacis, 366 ^Demodex folliculorum, 345 ; \D. phyl- loides, 345 •\-Dendrobezna rubida, 360 \Deopeia pulchella, 302 Deptford pink, 380 •\-Dermanyssus gaUince, 348 \Dermestes lardarius, 291 ; ^D. vulpinus, 290, 294 Devil-in-a-bush, 366 \Dexia rubricarinata, 319 Diamond-back moth, 308 \Diantkus Armeria, 380; %D. barbatus, 380 "fDiaspis boisduvalli, 331 ; "\D. rosce, 331 ; fZ). santali, 525 •\Dichogaster modigliani, 358; fZ). ma- layana, 358; fZ). sylvatica, 359 Digger's weed, 443 ^.Digitalis purpurea, 456, 554 ^.Digitaria humifusa, 487; JZ). sangta nalis, 487 %Dioscorea alata, 480 ^•Diplocephalus cristatus, 344 \Diplopseustis perieralis, 304 ^.Diplotaxis muralis, 375 IDipsacus Fullonum, 420 ; JZ>. sylvestris, 420 \Discaria , spread of, 531 fD/sfowMW hepaticum, 351 Doab-grass, 493 Dock, common, 466, 553 ; curled, 467 ; spiny, 468 Dodder, clover, 447, 553; flax, 447; lesser, 447 Dog, wild, 64 Dog-louse, 269 ; rose, 407 Dog's mercury, 473 %Dolichos lignosus, 402 ; JZ). veterinorum, 352 •^Echinorhynchus gigas, 358 \Echium plantagineum, 445 ; %E. viola- ceum, 445, 554; IE. vulgare, 445, \Eclipta alba, 429 ; \E. erecta, 429 Eels, 187; movements to sea, 538 Eelworm, beet, 358; cucumber, 358; potato, 357 ; stem, 357 ; tomato, 358 %Eichhornia crassipes, 484 •fEiseniafcetida, 360; -\E. rosea, 360 \Eiseniella tetrcedra, 359 \Elater sp., 348 Elderberry, 418, 554; red-berried, 418 %Eleusine coracana, 492; %E. indica, 492 Elk, 49 iElodea canadensis, 370, 478 Elymus arenarius, 500 Emberiza cirlus, 175, 540 ; \E. citrinella, 176, 540; -\E. hortulana, 176; f^- schceniclus, 175 \Emex australis, 468 \Empoasca australis, 561 Emu, 99 •\Endrosis fenestrella, 307 ; \E. lactcella, 307 \Entelea arborescens destroyed by cattle, etc., 518 •\Entodon epigonus, 558 \Entomobrya multifasciata, 266 \.Epacris microphylla, 440 ; %E. pulchella, 440 ; %E. purpurascens , 439 •\-Ephestia kuehniella, 304 \Epimys norvegicus, 81 ; fZ^. rattus, 78 \Equus caballus, 39; f£". zebra, 40 \Eragrostis Brownii, 494; %E. major, 493 ; %E. minor, 494 \Erechtites Atkinsonies, 435 ; %E. valeri- aneefolia, 435 ^Ericusa sowerbyi, 258 \.Erigeron annuus, 428; %E. canadensis, 427 ; %E. linifolius, 427 •\Erinaceus europeeus, 96 \Eriocampa adumbrata, 270; f£. lima- cina, 270, 283 "\Eriococcus araucariee, 289, 337 ; \E. coriaceus, 288, 289, 410, 411 \Eripphyes pyri, 348 \Eriosoma lanigera, 330 \Eristalis tenax, 314 \Eritheecus rubecula, 147, 537 Ermine, 70 %Erodium cicutarium, 388; %E. mala- choides, 388; JZ?. maritimum, 388; ^E. moschatum, 388 \Erophila verna, 371 \Eruca sativa, 375 \Erysimum officinale, 372 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 595 j-Erythrtea australis, 442; %E. Cen- taurium, 442 ^.Escallonia macrantha, 562 \Eschscholtzia calif ornica, 368 ^Estrelda temporalis, 163 ^.Eucalyptus amygdalina, 410; JJ?. cocci- fera, 410; %E. globulus, 411; JF,. Gunnii, 411; JF,. hcemastoma, 411; JF. Macarthuri, 41 1 ; JF. numerosa, 410; JF. obliqua, 410; ^E.piperita, 410; JF. radiata, 410; JF. regnans, 410; JF. Stuartiana, 411; JF. viminalis, 411 "\Eudrilus eugenics, 359 \Eulophus albitarsis, 271 ^Eunetta falcata, 101 ^.Euphorbia cyperissias, 473; JF. Helio- scopia, 472 ; t^- hyperictfolia, 473 ; JF. Lathyris, 472; JF. ovalifolia, 473 ; JF. Peplus, 472 ; JF. segetalis, 473 Euro, 28 tFwxo/iw viridis, 470 Evening primrose, 412 fFtfajref a spiniger, 313 \Exalphatoriasinensis, 118 ^.Faba vulgarts, 402 \Fagopyrum esculentum, 466 •fj^a/co novce-zealandice , 151 Fallow-deer, 47 False acacia, 400 •\-Fannia canicularis, 317 •j-Fosao/a hepatica, 351 Fat-hen, 470, 554 \Fedia olitoria, 420 ' 61 Fennel, 416, 554 Fern-bird, Chatham Island, 507; royal, 501 Ferret, 70 Fescue, meadow, 496; sheep's, 496 \Festuca bromoides, 496 ; JF. elatior, 496 ; JF. Myurus, 496; JF. ovina, 496; JF. pratensis, 496 ; JF. n/ftro, 496 ; JF. sciur aides, 496 Feverfew, 431 ~[Ficus Carica, 474 Field cricket, 268; madder, 419 •\Filaria immitis, 357 Finch, bramble, 171 ; chestnut-breasted, 163; chestnut-eared, 164; firetail, 164; red-browed, 163; spotted- sided, 163; temporal, 163; white- headed, 163; zebra, 164 Fiorin, 491 Fire-brat, 266 Fishes, native species of, 506 Fish-moth, 265 Flag-lily, 479 Flax, common, purging, 387 Flax-grubs, 512 Flea-bane, Canadian, 427 Flea, bird, 326; common, 324; and cat, 325; rat, 325, 326 386; heath, 387; dog Flesh-fly, 319 Flix-weed, 371 Flounders holding-up their ova, 257 Flour moth, 304 Fly,bitinghouse,322 ; chrysanthemum, 317; cineraria, 317; drone, 314; European blow, 320; flesh, 319; fruit, 315 ; golden-haired blow, 321 ; green-bottle, 321 ; guava fruit, 315; Hessian, 311; horse bot, 323; house, 319; little house, 317; Marguerite, 317; Mediterranean fruit, 316; narcissus, 315; New Hebrides fruit, 316; ox- warble, 324; pomace, 315; Queensland fruit, 316; sheep-maggot, 321, 322; sheep nasal bot, 323 ; stable, 320, 322; tomato fruit, 316 Fly, disappearance of native, 509 \Fceniculum vulgare, 416, 554 Fog, Yorkshire, 492 ^Forficula auricularia, 266 Forget-me-not, 444 Fowl, common, first introduction of, 109 Fox, proposal to introduce, 542 ; legisla- tion against, 545 Foxglove, 456, 554 Foxtail, field, 490; meadow, 490; slender, 490 \Fragaria elatior, 406 ; JF. vesca, 406 \Fretum novaree, 264 \Fringilla caelebs, 170, 539; -\F. monti- fringilla, 171, 536 Frog, Australian brown, 181; A. climbing, 181; A. green, 179; European brown, 182; grass, 182; whistling, 181 ^Fuchsia Riccartoni, 563 fFu/tca australis, 129 \Fuligula cristata, 103 IFumaria muralis, 369; JF. officinalis, 369 Fumitory, 309 Furze, 392 ; prevention of, 543 Gadwall duck, 101, 537 ^Galaxias attenuatus, 187; ^G. kokopu, \Galega officinalis, 400 \Galeopsis Tetr afrit, 462 iGaliumAparine,4i9 ; JG. Mollugo,^ig; IG. palustre, 419; JG. pansieme, 419; JG. verum, 419 ^Galleria mellonella, 304 IGallinsoga parviflora, 429 ^Callus bankiva, 109 Garlic, crow-, 482; sweet-scented, 483 \Gasterosteus aculeatus, 253 \Gastridium australe, 491 ; JG. lant- gerum, 491 ; JG. lendigerum, 491 \Gastrodia Cunninghamii, 519 }Gastrophilus equi, 323; fG. htemor- rhoidalis, 323 ; |G. nasalis, 324 Gean, 405 ^Genneeus nycthemerus, 117 \Geopelia cuneata, 136 38-2 596 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS Gold3.; •\Geophaps scripta, 136 \Geoplana ccerulea, 350; ^G. sanguinea, 35p ^Geotria chilensis, 187 ^Geranium lucidum, 387; JG. molle, 388 ; IG.pratense, 387 ; JG. Roberti- anum, 387; scarlet, 389 German lake trout, 223 Gid, 352 Gilia ccerulea, 443 ; JG. squarrosa, 443 Gladiolus byzantinus, 480 Glaucium flavum, 368, 534 Glaucopis cinerea, 507 ; fG. wilsoni, 507 Glyceria aquatica, 495; JG. fluitans, 496; JG. rigida, 497 \Glyciphagus domesticus, 347; fG. £ru- norum, 347 %Gnaphalium germanicum, 433 ; JG. />wr- pureum, 432 •\Gnathocerus cornutus, 296 Goat, Angora, 59 ; Cashmere, 59 ; first introduction of, 15; Himalayan, 60 ; wild, 57 Goats-beard, 437; rue, 400 •\-Gobiofluviatilis, 251 Golden-eye duck, 103; plover, 130, -eye, 161; of pleasure, 372; fish, Goldfinch, 173 ; and strawberries, 406; change of colour in, 514; migratory races of, 537 \Gomphocarpus fruticosus , 442 ^Goniodes dissimilis, 269 \Gonipterus reticulatus, 298 Good King Henry, 470 Goose, Adelaide, 1 06; Australian wild, 106; black brant, 104; brent, 104; Cape, 103; Cape Barren, 106; Chinese, 105 ; common, 105 ; Egyp- tian, 103; grey lag, 105; Maine, 104; maned, 106; Oregon wild, 1 06; Sandwich Island, 104; white- fronted, 1 06, 536 Goose, first animal introduced into New Zealand of set purpose, 14 Goose-berry, 409; foot, 470; grass, 419 Gorse, 392; prevention of, 543, 553 Gourami, 255 Gourd, 412 Gowan, 428 Grain weevil, 298 •\Grallina australis, 151 Grape-vine, 390 Grass, annual meadow, 495; barley, 501; beard, 490; blue-eyed, 479; buffalo, 488; canary, 489; cocks- foot, 494; cockspur, 488; couch, 495, 499; crab, 487; doab, 493; dog's tail, 494;* downy oat, 493; field brome, 498; fine bent, 491; hair, 492; hare's tail, 491; Italian rye, 498; kangaroo, 487; lesser trembling, 494; marram, 491; meadow, 495 ; millet, 490; nit, 491 ; nut, 486 ; reed, 489, 495 ; rye, 498 ; sea-lyme, 500 ; smooth brome, 497 ; soft, 492 ; soft brome, 497 ; squirrel- tail, 501 ; sterile brome, 495 ; sweet vernal, 489 ; tall oat, 493 ; trembling, 494 ; wavy hair, 492 ; wild oat, 493 ; yellow oat, 493 Grass-caterpillar, 524; grub, 512; moth, 524 Grayling, native, 187, 230, 508; dis- appearance of, 509 Greasy cutworm, 524 Greenfinch, 174, 537; plover, 130 Grey plover, 131, 537 Gromwell, corn, 444 Ground ivy, 461 Groundsel, 433 ; climbing, 434 Grouse, black, 128; common, 128 ; pintail sand, 132; pointed-tailed, 129 •\Gryllotalpa vulgaris, 269 \Gryllus servillei, 268 Guava fruit-fly, 315 Gudgeon, 251 Guimauve, 385 Guinea fowl, 108; driving off native hawks, 510 Guinea-pig, 85 Gum, blue, 411; peppermint, 410; red, 411 ; white, 411 •\Gymnorhina leuconota, 151, 539 •\Heemaphysalis bispinosa, 347 ; ^H. punc- tata, 348 ^Heematopinus asini, 339; f/f. eury- sternus, 339; ^H. macrocephalus , 339; -\H. ovillus, 339; -\H. pedalisf 339; ^H. piliferus, 339; -\H. suis, 339 ; t#- tenuirostris, 339 ; ^H. uriusy 339 ; \H. ventricosus, 339 ; -\H. vulgare, 500 Horehound, 461 Horse, 39; louse, 339; radish, 371 Hottentot fig, 414 House-fly, biting, 322; common, 319; little, 317 Hue, 412 Huia, disappearance of, 507 Humble-bee, 273 \Humuliis lupulus, 473 •\Hyalina alliaria, 261 ; ^H. cellaria, 261 ; •\H. crystalline, 261 Hydatid cists, 352 •\Hydrobius assimilis, 285 IHydrodeis nymphceoides, 481 \Hydrocotyle vulgaris, 414 }Hyla aurea, 179; t#- caerulea (?), 181 ; f#. ewingii, 181 •\Hylotrupes bajalus, 297 \Hymeniafascialis, 304 \Hyoscyamus niger, 453 \Hypericum Androscemum, 384, 554; IH. humifusum, 385, 554! %H- P^' foratum, 384, 554! 1H- montanum, 385 \Hypharpax australis, 284 ; f# • atutral- asiee, 284 %Hypochceris glabra, 436 ; J//. radicata, T 436,526,527,530,533 •\Hypoderma bows, 324 •\Hypotcenidiapftilippinensis, 130 Alberts amara, 377 \Iceryapurchasi, 288, 337 Ichneumon wasps, 271, 305, 306 Indian corn, 489; fig, 414; shot, 478 %Indigofera viscosa, 400 Ink-weed, 471 Insects, disappearance of, 505; native species of, 506, 507 Internal mite of fowls, 347 \Ionidium filiforme, 379 \Ipamcea batatas, 446 \Iris germanica, 479; \l. susiana, 479; J/. pseud-acorus, 479 \Isaria farinosa, 306 t/sowie*ritt thorelli, 344 Itch-mite, 345 Ivy, 417 ricinus, 347 Jackdaw, 154 Japanese minnow, 251 ; tortoise, 178 ^Jasione montana, 439 ^Jatropha Curcas, 473 Jerusalem artichoke, 428 jjuglans regia, 475 Jumping anthribid, 297 tJuncus Gerhardi, 484 ; JJ. glaucus, 484 ; JJ. obtusiflorus, 484 Jungle cock, 109 fjwnom'a vellida, 300 Kaka, 507 Kakapo, 507 Kangaroo, 27 ; grass, 487 ; rat, 28 Karaka, 12, 391 Kea, 56 Ked, 324 Kidney-bean, 402 ; vetch, 399 Kiore, 76 Kiwi, 507 Knapweed, 421 Knot-grass, 465 Kokopu(ru), 187, 508 Kumara, 12, 446 Kutu, 338 IKyllingia brevifolia, 563 •\Lacerta vivipara, 178 \Lachnus strobi, 330 \Lacon variabilis, 294 \Lactuca muralis, 438 ; JL. saligna, 437 ; JL. iaftwa, 438; JL. scariola, 438 Ladybirds, 287-9 ^Lamosthenes complanatus, 285 tLa^ffnon'a vulgans, 412 ^Lagopus mutus, 129; f^- scoticus, 128 Lake Blagdon trout, 222; L. Tahoe. 231 fLoma kuanacos, 39 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS Lamb's lettuce, 420 %Lamium album, 462; %L. amplexicaule, 462; JZ,. maculatum, 462; JZ.. pur- pureum, 462 Lamprey, native, 187, 538 ^Lampria eenea, 313 \Lamprogaster ccerulea, 318; fZ.. strigi- pennis, 318 ILampronia rubiella, 311 Lantana Camara, 463 Lapsana communis, 435 ; } Lapwing, 130 Lark, Californian meadow, 164; native ground, 164; sky, 142; wood, 140 Larkspur, 366 "^Laspeyresia pomonella, 305 \Lathyrus latifolius, 403 ; %L. Nissolia, 403 ; JL. odoratus, 403 ; JL. />ra- tensis, 403 Laughing jackass, 137; owl, destroying Maori rats, 78 %Lavatera arbor ea, 385 \Lecamum chirimolue, 334; fZ.. depres- sun*, 335; fZ'. hemisphericum, 335; fZ,. hesperidium, 289, 334; f-£" hibernaculorum, 335; fL. hispidum, 334; fZ,. longulum, 334; fZ.. won, 334; fZ-. nigrum, 335; f^-- °^«> 335 ; fZ,. now, 335 Leech, medicinal, 361 ; sawfly, 270 Leek, 482 \Leis conformis, 288 Lemon scale, 332 %Lens esculenta, 402 Lentil, common, 402 %Leontodon autumnalis, 437; JZ,. hirtus, 437; JZ,. hispidus, 437 "^Lephthyphantes tenuis, 345 \Lepidium campestre, 376; JL. Draba, 376; JL. hirtum, 376; JL. olera- ceum, destroyed locally, 517; JX. ruderale, 376; JL. Smithii, 376; JL. sativum, 377 ^Lepidosaphes nullipora, 332 ; fZ.. pinnee- formis, 332; |L. u/ra, 332 •\Lepisma saccharina, 265 nw incurvatus, 499 fL«/)W5 cuniculus, 85 ; f.L. europceus, 95 Lesser white-fish, 249 Lettuce, garden, 438; wall, 438; willow, 437 tL«wcam'a purdiei, 318 \Leuciscus erythrocephalus, 252; f£. ^««- ciscus, 252 ; f£" rutilus, 253 ; fL. phoxinus, 253 ^Leucosarcia picata, 133 \Leycesteriafarmosa, 418 \Ligurinus Moris, 174, 537 %Ligusticum Scoticum, 416 \Ligustrum vulgare, 441 Lilac, 454 "\Limax flavus, 260; "fi/. maximus, 260 t-Limn<ga tasmanica, 259 \Limnanthes Douglasii, 390 \L.inaria Cymbalaria, 455 ; JL. Elatine, 455 5 $L.latifolia,455 ; \L.purpurea, 455 ; JL. vulgaris, 455 Ling, 440 •\Linguatula denticulatum, 358; fL. /QM- ceolatum, 358 Linnet, 171, 537 fLmota cannabina, 171, 537; -\L. flavi- rostris, 172, 537; fZ/- rufescens, 172, 540 %Linum angustifolium, 387; JL. catharti- cum, 387; JL. gallicum, 387; t^,. marginale, 386; JL. usitatissimum, 386 ^Linyphia melanopygia, 344 \Liothula omnivora, 318, 524 Liquorice, wild, 394 ^Lissopimpla semipunctata, 271 •fZ/issofes reticulatus, 348 t-Li'ta solanella, 306 \Liihospermum arvense, 444 Liver-fluke, 351 Lizards, native species of, 506, 508; English scaly, 178 ^.Lobelia erinus, 439 Lobster, 341, 548 Lochleven trout, 221 Locust, 268 ; tree, 400 \L.olium italicum, 498 ; JL. perenne, 498 ; JZ,. temulentum, 499 tLoncA<ea splendida, 316, 550 Loosestrife, 41 1 fLop/zortyx calif ornicus, 124 %Loranthus Colensoi, 408 JLofus angustissimus, 399; JL. cornicu- latus, 399 ; Ji/. uliginosus, 399 Louse, body, 338; book, 270; brown chicken, 269; common, 338; crab, 338; dog, 269, 339; goat, 269; ox, 269 ; ox, long-nosed, 339 ; pig, 339 ; shaft, of chickens, 269; sheep, 269 Lovage, 416 Love-in-a-mist, 366 Lucerne, 394 \Lucilia ccesar, 321 ; fZ/. sericata, 321 , 322 \Lullula arbor ea, 142 \Lumbricus annulatus, 360; fZ,. campes- tris, 360; fL. castaneus, 361; fZ,. rubellus, 360; fL. terrestris, 361 %Lupinus arboreus, 391 ; JL. luteus, 391, 554 •fZ/yc^Ewa labradus, 460; fZ/. phoebe, 46 ^.Lychnis coronaria, 381 ; JL. diurna, 381 ; JL. Flos-cuculi, 381; JL. Githago, 382; JZ,. vesper tina, 381 \Lycium barbarum, 452; JX. chinense, 452; JZ<. horridum, 453 \Lycopersicum esculentum, 448 arvensis, 44/1 iratica, 345 brunneus, 291 ; f^- linearis, 559 •\Lygosoma moco, 508 fZ/ymn<«a auricularia, 259 ; fL. stagnalis, 259 ; fZ/. tasmanica, 259 ; fZ«. truncu- lata, 351 tZ/yrunts tetrix, 128 %Lysimachia Nummularia, 441 ^.Ly thrum Greeferi, 411; JZ,. hyssopi- folia, 411 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 599 Mackinaw trout, 230 •\Macropus robuslus, 28 ; fAf . thetidis, 27 ; •fAf. ualabatus, 27 \Madia saliva, 429 Magpie, Australian, 151, 539 Magpie-lark, Australian, 151 Maize, 489 \Malcolmia maritima, 371 Mallard, 101, 537 Mallow, common, 385 ; dwarf, 385 ; marsh, 385 ; tree, 385 %Malva campeslris, 386 ; %M. caroliniana, 386; \M. crispa, 386; %M. parvi- flora, 385; JAf. rolundifolia, 385; JAf . sylvestris, 385 ; %M. verticillata, 386 •\Mamestra (see -\Melanchrd) \Manorhina melanophrys, 162 Mantis, 268 J Marattia fraxinea, 519 •\Marecapenelope, 100, 537 Marguerite, 431 ; fly, 317 Marigold, 435; corn, 431 Marram-grass, 491 Marrow, vegetable, 413 \Mamibium vulgar e, 461 Marsh-mallow, 385 Marvel of Peru, 469 Mason fly, 566 \Matricaria Chamomilla, 430; %M. dis- coidea, 430 ; %M. inodora, 430 \Matthiola incana, 369 ; JAf . sinuata, 369 Meadow-foxtail, 490; midge, 312 Meadow-lark, Californian, 164 Meal-moth, 304; worm, 295, 296 Mealy bug, 336 \Medicago denliculala, 394, 553 ; JAf. lupulina, 393, 529; %M. maculata, 394, 553 J %M. saliva, 394 Medick-clovers, 394 Mediterranean fruit- fly, 316, 550 "\Melanchra composite, 313, 318, 524; "|" M. graminosa, 313; "fAf. mutans, 313, 318, 524; -\M.sleropaslis, 512; fAf. uslislriga, 313, 318 Melanism in introduced animals, 515 "\Melanosloma fasciala, 307, 309 \Meleagris gallipavo, 108 \Melianthus major, 390 Melilot, 394-5 \Melilotus alba, 395 ; JAf. arvensis, 395; \M. officinalis, 394 •\Meliphora grisella, 303 \Mellissa officinalis, 460 Melon, water, 413 •\Melophagus ovinus. 324 \Melopsillacus undulalus, 136 \Menoponpallidum, 269 ; fAf. biserialim, 270 ^.Menlha aqualica, 459; JAf. arvensis, 459; JAf. auslralis, 461; JAf. rfew- fafa, 460; JAf. genlilis, 460; JAf. piperila, 459; JAf. Pulegium, 460, 554; JA/. saliva, 460; JM. spicata, 459 ; JAf. viridis, 459 \Mercurialis annua, 473 fAferorfow equestris, 315 \Mesembryanthemum edule, 414 •\Meloponorlhus pruinosus, 340 ^Metriorhynckus erratiau, 294; fAf. Nectarine, 404 "^Neochanna apoda, 187 \Nepeta Cataria, 461 ; J.ZV. Glechoma, 461 \Neritina fluviatilis, 264 fATeiocAen sandvicensis, 104 •fJVesfor meridionalis , 507 \Nettion crecca, 100, 537 Nettle, common, 474 New Hebrides fruit- fly, 316 •\Nezara prasina, 328 %Nicandra physaloides, 452 ^Nicotiana acutiflora, 454 ; JJV. suaveo- lens, 454 ; JW. Tabacum, 453 ^Nigella damascena, 366 Nightingale, 148, 536 •\Ninox boobook, 140; fN. novce-zea- landice, 507 Nipplewort, 435 INttella sp., 370, 527 Nit-grass, 491 •^Novius cardinalis, 288 •f^VMwewius cyanopus, 131 \Numida meleagris, 108 Nut-grass, 486 t-ZVyctemera annulata, 318, 433, 434, 512 \Nymphcea sp., 370 \Nyrocaferina, 99, 537 Oak, 476 Oat, 492 ; bristle-pointed, 493 ; hairy, ... 493 ; grass, 493 •\Ucnosternus zealandicus, 409 \Ocydromus sp., 515 \Ocyphaps lophotes, 132 •j-Ocjtfto/fl acroxantha, 308 \Odocoileus hemionus, 28; "fO. inrgini- anus, 28 ^Odontria puncticollis, 512; fO- striata, 512, 524; fO. zealandica, 512 cefJCMJ omnivorus, 318, 512, 524 \CEcophora pseudospretella, 307 CEmona hirta, 349; f(E. humilis, 524 Oena capensis, 136 (Enothera biennis, 412; JCB. grandiflpra, 412 ; JCE1. odorata, 412 ; J<2?. stricta, 412; jffi1. tetraptera, 412 •\CEsophagostomum columbianum, 356; fCE. dentatum, 357; fGE1. inflatum, 356; fCE. venulosum, 356 fCEsfrzw o^V, 323 \Olea europcea, 441 •\-Oligotropus alopecuri, 312 Olive, 441 •\-Onchorhynchus nerka, 241 ; fO. tscha- wytscha, 231 •\Oncognathus binotatus, 560 Onion, 482 fOnwcws sp., 348 %Onobrychis gemella, 400; JO. sativa, 400; JO. vicieefolia, 400 JOnomV arvensis, 394 \Onopordon Acanthium, 422 ^Onthophagus fulvolineatus , 283; fO. granulatus, 284 ; fO. posticus, 284 \Ophideres fullonica, 302; fO. maturna, •\Ophiusa melicerte, 303; fO. pulcher- rima, 303 •[Opogona comptella, 309 Opossum, brush-tailed, 28; grey, 28; ring-tailed, 33 ; sooty, 28 %Opuntia vulgaris, 414 Orange, 390 Orc/zws c/za/> ilybeus, 289, 336 ; fO. austra- lasice, 289 \Oreortyx pictus, 119 \Ornithopus perpusillus, 400 \Orobanche minor, 458 ^Orthodera mimstralis, 268 Ortolan, 176 •\Ortyx virginiana, 127 \Osmosita colon, 286 \Osmunda regalis, 501 \Osphromenus olfax, 255 !Ostearius, 344 Osteospermum moniliferum, 435 Ostrea edulis, 264 ^Otiorhynchus sulcatus, 297 \Otoclasium cyaneum, 360 lOttelia ovaUfolia, 478 fOn's sp., 53 ; fO. nayaur, 56 Owl, Australian, 140; barn, 138; Boobook, 140; brown, 138; laugh- ing, 507 ; wood, 140 alis cernua, 389 ; JO. compressa, 389 ; JO. hirta, 390; JO. rosea, 390; JO. variabilis, 390 Ox-eye daisy, 431, 553 Ox-louse, 269; tongue, 437; warble- fly, 324 macrocarpus, 440 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 601 •\Oxyops concrete, 299 \Oxytelus rugosus, 285 -f Oxyuris curvula, 354 Oysters, 264 Paddy bird, 163 Pademelon wallaby, 27 ^Parncum colonum, 488 ; JP. Crus-galli, 488 ; IP.glabrum, 487 ; IP.glaucum, 488; %P. Linderheimeri, 488; %P. miliaceum, 487 Pansy, 378 \Papaver Argemone, 367; JP. dubium, 367 ; JP. horridum, 367 ; JP. Rhoeus, 367 ; JP. somniferum, 368 Paper mulberry, 474 •\Paracalliope fluviatilis, 216 -fParacymus nitidiusculus, 285 Paradise fish, 255 •\Paragyrtis inostentata, 302 Parakeet, long-tailed grass, 136; native, 507; warbling grass, 136 •\Paramelis obesula, 33 \Paranephrops sp., 508 •\Pardalotuspunctatus, 163 -fParo/ms sp., 296 Par roquets, 136, 137 Parsley, 415 ; beaked, 416; hedge, 417; piert, 407 Parsnip, 416 Partridge, Barbary, 124; common, 120; destruction of, 510; French, 123; Hungarian, 124; mountain, 119; New Holland, 120 ; red-legged, 123 ; stubble, 119; Teneriffe, 124 -\Parus caeruleus, 152 • \Pascalia glauca, 428 \Paspalum dilatatum, 487 •^Passer domesticus, 164; fP. montanus, 170 "Paterson's Curse," 445 •\Pavo cristatus, 109 Pea, common, 401 ; everlasting, 403 ; sweet, 403 Peach, 404 Pea- fowl, 109 Pear, 408; midge, 312 Pearlwort, 383 Pea-weevil, 296 •\Pediculus capitis, 338 ; f-P- corporis, 338 •\Pedicecetus columbianus, 129 Pee-wee, 151 Peewit, 130 ^Pelargonium quercifolium, 389; JP. zonale, 389 •[Pemphigus populi-transversus , 561 \Penceus canaliculatus , 341 Penny cress, 377; royal, 460, 554; wort, 414 IPeplis For tula, 41 1 Peppercorns, 357 Peppermint, 459 ; gum, 410; tree, 410; wort, 376 f Perca fluviatilis, 254 •^Percolates colonorum, 255 Perch, common, 254; Gippsland, 255 •\Perdix cinerea, 120 \Periplaneta americana, 268 \Perissectes australasice, 311 \Perissiapyri, 312 Periwinkle, 442, 554 %Petasite$ vulgaris, 422 \Petrceca macrocephala, 511 \Petrogale penicillata, 26; ^P. xantho- pus (?), 28 ^.Petunia parviflora, 454 \Peucedanum satiyum, 416 Phalanger, vulpine, 28 \Phalangista vulptna, 28 \Phalangvum canchroides, 295 %Phalaris arundinacea, 489; JP. cana- riensis, 489 \Phaps, chalcoptera, 132 ; fP- histrionica, 132 %Phaseolus vulgaris, 402 \Phasianus colchicus, 1 1 1 ; fP. ellioti, 117; fP. reevesii, 1 17 ; fP. torquatus, in Pheasant, Chinese, 1 1 1 ; common, 1 1 1 ; diamond, 1 10 ; Elliot's, 117; golden, no; jungle, 117; Lady Amherst's, 110; Reeves 's, 117; feeding on ink-weed, 471 •\Philonthus eeneus, 267, 286; fP- affinis, 286; fP- nigritulus, 286; fP- scyba- larius, 286 \PUeum arenarium, 490 ; JP. pratense, \Pholcus thalangioides , 344 fPAora omnivora, 313 \Phoracantha recurva, 297 iPhormium tenax, 398 \Phoroceraferedayi, 318; |P- marginata, 318; fP- nyctemeriana, 318 •\Phrissogonus laticostatus, 302 \Phthirius inguinalis, 338 \Phthorimcea operculella, 306 \Phyllodronda germanica, 267; f^. opima, 267 •^Phylloxera vastatrix, 330 IPhysalis alkekengi, 452; JP. peruviana, 452 Physic nut, 473 \Phytolacca decandra eaten by thrushes, 145, 4?i fPAyfomyza albiceps, 271, 272, 317; fP. chrysanthemi, 317; t**- «wn- corms, 317 ^Phytopus pyri, 348 jPtcrts echioides, 437 Pied grallina, 151 Pig, 14, 33; bicoloration in, 515 Pigeon, Australian grey-necked, 135; bronze-wing, 132; common, 134; crested bronze-wing, 132; harle- quin bronze-wing, 132 ; Indian, 136 ; native, 507; partridge bronze- wing, 136; Solomon Island, 135; squatter, 136; Wonga-Wonga, 132 Pig-face, 414 Pilchards, movement of shoals, 538 \Pimelodus cattus, 253 Pimpernel, 441 IPimpinella saxifraga, 416 602 INDEX OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS Pink, Deptford, 380 Pintado, 108 Pintail duck, 99, 537 IPinus insignis, 477 ; IP. maritima, 476 ; IP. pinaster, 476 ; IP. radiata, 477 Pipit, native, 511 Piri-piri distributed by sheep and dogs, 522 •\-Pison pruinosus, 566 \.Pisum sativum, 401 Planarian, land, 350 •\Planchonia quercicola, 336 IPlantago Coronopus, 465 ; JP. hirtella, 465; %P. lanceolata, 464, 529; JP. major, 463; JP. media, 464; JP. varia, 464 ; JP. virginica, 465 Plantain, 463 ^Platycercus exinrius, 137 \Platygaster minutus, 311 \Platysoma bakewelli, 286 \Pleurotropus epigonus, 271, 311, 558 \Plodia interpunctella, 303 Plover, Australian, 131; golden, 130; green, 130; grey, 131 ^Plusia oxy gramma, 303 \Plutella cruciferarum, 272, 308; fP. maculipennis, 272, 308 JPoa annua, 495; JP. australis, 531; JP. compressa, 495; JP. nemoralis, 495 J %P .pratensis , 495 ; JP. trivialis, Pochard, 99, 537 •\Pochasia australis, 328 \Pogonornis cincta, 507 Poke-weed, 471 Polecat, 70 "^Polistes tasmaniensis, 282 \Pollenia villosa, 321 i/Mtt opercularis, 255 carpon tetraphyttum, 383 virgata, 379 ; JP. 