None
entire series clamped or gummed together for filing. The table not only affords a satisfactory means for recording the characteristics of an organism, but also indicates what data should be worked out, and the usual sequence in which the results attained are recorded. TABLE ILLUSTRATING METHOD OF RECORDING THE PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ORGANISM. (A) Where found. (B) Morphology, (a) Form, (6) size, (c) arrangement. (C) Stains. Reaction to Gram's method of staining. rD^ MotilitVN' ('^ Flagellate. {U) Motility^ ^^^ Nonflagellate. (E) Method of reproduction. (F) Products of growth: (a) Acids, (6) alkalies, (c) odor, {d) color, (c) gases, (/) enzyme, (g) indol, (h) toxin, («) other chemicobiologic reaction or product. (G) Characters of growth on: (a) Plates. Make Drawing. (b) Bouillon. (c) Gelatin. ((/) Agas. («) Blood- sebum. (/) Speoal Medium. BACTERIOLOGIC TECHNIC. 933 (H) (a) Aerobic. (6) anaerobic { j^j owSate'"'*'' (I) Reaction of medium best adapted to its growth. Reaction of cultures in milk. (J) (a) Optimum temperature (6) thermal death-point | ^A ^^\^^^^' (K) Influence of antiseptics and disinfectants. (L) Pathogenesis (M) Immunity, method of securing, duration, blood characteristics in and influence of blood-serum of immune animal on the organism. (N) Remarks: Peculiarities not embraced in foregoing form. M CHAPTER II. MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE. Collection of Sample. — The amount of urine necessar\^ for the exami- nation depends somewhat upon the object of the examination and the condition of the urine. In most instances at least 200 c.c. should be submitted to the examiner. For chemic examination a mixed twenty-four hours* sample is usually recommended, but for microscopic study a succession of samples collected at different hours during the day, and especially morning and ev^ening, offers certain advantages. Br>"Son has shown that for the demonstration of tubercle bacilli resid- ual urine offers better results than the tidal. It is well known that purulent urines, and especially those rich in bacteria, particularly the colon bacillus, exert a lytic action on structural elements coming from the kidney, and especially on casts; such specimens should be examined shortly after voiding. The urine should be collected in a perfectly clean bottle and delivered at once. When tubercle bacilli are to be looked for, or when any bacteriologic examination is contemplated, the container should be disinfected, all parts of the external genital organs that are likely to come in contact with the urine should be cleansed and the urine drawn with a thoroughly cleansed and sterile catheter. Smegma bacilli are so abundant in the external genital organs of the female that it is best to use extra precautions, and, if possible, to re- move the urine by means of a glass catheter that has been sterilized in a hot-air oven at a sufficiently high temperature to carbonize any bacteria that may be upon or within it. As soon as received, the urine should be sedimented. This may be accomplished by per- mitting it to stand in a conic glass, such as is shown in figure 456. A better and more convenient means for securing sedimentation is by the centrifuge. Of the various forms of centrifuge, those in which the power is supplied by the hand or turbine are to be preferred. Method of Conducting the Examination. — As soon as the sediment has been secured by either of the methods previously indicated, a sterile pipet, closed by the finger at the upper end, is cautiously introduced through the supernatant fluid into the sediment; the finger is slowly drawn to one side, permitting a few drops of sediment to enter. The finger is then held tightly over the pipet, which is at once withdrawn from the urine. The fluid on the outside of the pipet is then removed with a cloth or paper, and, holding the pipet perpendicularly, a small drop is placed on the slide and a cover-glass applied. Drain off excess of fluid with blotting-paper, and examine with J-inch and \- or ^-inch objectives. While a number of methods have been devised by which the organized constituents of urine may be stained, the student had best familiarize himself with unstained preparations, although for special purposes staininj;^ may be necessary. An important precau- 034 EXAMIN'ATIOV OF URINE 9.15 ':fl(J with light. The illumination should he i-ss of light renders hyaline casts, red blood- ir hemoglobin, and other shadowT structures i'fst reduced by lessening the ojiening in the irine may be aided by adding a crystal of thymol, If it be desired to preserve the sediment, this ■y carefully decanting the supernatant tiuid and (tily of a saturated aqueous solution of potassium - to remain forty-eight hours, again decanting, ttate solution. After repeating this three times, found in preserving oasts, blood, epithelium, etc.. ^I'Ut. Casts may be preserved indefinitely in chloral, '■ been washed according to the methods just indi- ■ A solution should have a strength of about twenty !■ of water, and should exceed idred times the volume of the iireserved. Fischel preser\'es :re of C(|ual parts of glycerin ■ i-r. saturated with thymol.' Skdiment {Cellular Coiiflitn- i-iorpiisdis. — When these cor- II large numliers and in good con- ■ I icing intimately Mended with the ■■■ usually from the bladder or ure- ■ n they do not form a red sediment ■:"urs' standing, and have lost their ■icr and appear as pale yellow. rings (phantom corpuscles of lifcially if associated with blood- hemorrhage has probably occurred ■stance of the kidney, renal pelvis, or i^h' .fclJ^w 'wi r an wlKckrBi fvt urine . ytcs in urine are usually indicative of .immatory condition of the conducting They rapidily disappear in alkaline Alien freshly voided, they may show : movement. While other forms are Bh.ii.i io<..ia.h. ■ci]uently found, the polynuclear usually ■ inates. Fragmented and granular cells arc commonly present. ■ ilicliuin. — (Make drawings of ditfcrcnt forms.) ■Squamous epithelium. Transition epithelium. Kpithelium from bladiier. linary Caslx (see p. <>.w). I. Those consisting of cells. II. Those that consist 'if the pniducts of cellular change. HI. Hvaline casts. .s(.m."N, Y. Mfil. |i ■..■r ilctails. «■!■ I'.iii . .lioal Cwllt-Ki' Ho^i.ii Lis. seep. 6.jy. t I'ri "f UiU- <■ l-'.ir.-twmisrr\ oriuU-ciisls'a l.:tl-.r;m.Hi-'; "f tlit- JftTcra lun. ..ri-m. an.UiKnitUnM 936 GENERAL LABORATOKY TECHNIC. Examine with J-inch or J-inch objective and make drawings of— a hod-casts. Epithelial casts. Granular casts. Waxy casts, Fatty casts. Hyaline casts. Pus-casts, Bacterial casts. Cylindroids. False casts, composed oj urates or crystals, Casts from seminal tiilws. Spermatozoa are thread-like bodies, 50 /' long, provided with a head and a long, tapering, tail-like extremity. E St.VI- Fic. «;6. — Comic Gla^s S [n poiunon j» qhown a raodlf^-wLck lilier ioi snurinjt uhiury a«ltmfli(, Thr filtrr cooai^ls ol a nb¥, apcns brlovr the Iciil of the bultoin of ihc tonic Slisa. ThfOiuih Ihr henl ulau lube m drawn a !W itnnrls oTcanillr-wick to lill Ihc tube nthn tiRhilf . By uiiillirity the uriiu: liwi in the ticnl luht and nvnludly Huvs ovct: In »> dcBiiK it dcpoAllfl all Ihe Bedimvnt rin Ihal end of the candle- wick which is at the bnUum of ihe (laM. This is ReBtly bnisltKl a - "- ' "■'-- [1-. 45?.— CtK-rarucE KTTH HtKAIOOltT A he alidchmcnt for Kdimradnc iii^tudi Hch aa dJT and the henulocrit at( d the al upper part of the figure nibiniluted in the pUcc of sedimcnting michment ihawn in poiliaa. There ue two fenn. one [ur sedimentinc blood, koown as tiie hi^h gear, and whidi nv^ iD,ooe re^'oluliont a minulFr The crank ii cwIt trant- Their constant lieposit indicates spermatorrhea. They are easily identified in urinary sediment, or may be stained as follows: Spread a thin layer of the sediment on a clean cover-glass: dry without heat; stain in carbolfuchsin for two .seconds; wash in water; dry, and mount in balsam. Occasionally fragments of papilloma may be recognized in the urine. If the specimen has been drawn with a catheter, the eye of the instru- ment mav contain shreds of such growths. Nonpathogenic Fungi: Molds, or large segmented rods. MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE. 937 Yeast plants (Saccharomyces urinae and other yeasts) are arranged in bead-like forms with budding cells attached. Bacteria of decomposition. Pathogenic Fungi. — Tubercle Bacilli (see p. 144). — In all cases of purulent urine accompanied by anemia, wasting, and evening rise of temperature, the urinary sediment should be examined for tubercle bacilli. Purulent deposits of tuberculous urine should be treated the same as sputum in searching for tubercle bacilli. The centrifuge aids ma- terially in this examination. (For method of demonstration see Tu- bercle Bacilli.) Gonococcus (Neisser, see p. 107). — Minute, roll-shaped diplococcus found in urine containing gonorrheal pus. (For method of staining and description see Gonococcus.) Distoma Hcematobium (see p. 193). — The oval eggs of this parasite, about 125 /* by 40 /«, spiculated at one end, are found accompanied by blood-cells and pus. Filaria Sanguinis Hominis (see p. 207). — The embrj'os are occa- sionally found in chyluria. (See Animal Parasites.) Unorganized Sediment {Crystalline and Amorphous). Sediment of Acid Urine. — (Examine and draw the various crystals.) Uric acid (whetstone crystals). Oxalate of lime (envelop crystals). Hippuric acid. Urate of soda. Tyrosin and leucin. Soaps of lime and magnesium. Amorphous deposits. Urates. Broum and yellow concretions. Sediment from Alkaline Urine. Triple phosphates (coffin-lid cr}'stals). Urates of Ammonium (hedge-hog crystals). Indigo. Cholesterin. Amorphous deposits. Phosphate of lime. Carbonate of lime. 938 GENERAL LABORATORY TECHNIC, ILLUSTRATIONS OF VARIOUS URINARY SEDIMENTS.' a O <^ %^o § I'IC. J50.— BIOOD^LLS IN II m of fpithtflium ll Bill tx a««d, howe ilwiYi be opci ithrlium (mn ' has convinced thf ivrittT that tht Wi . urinary aedimcnts is to take as good a i-an lio sfciireii, and work at the iiiicrosi at hand until aMt to ri.-co!.niii5f all the ordinary forms. vith the illustrations MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE. it briUKi FtJiheLiuin, il will be ui epilhtlidJ caa; broken u| Mirif'f.tly, ^iUy^'S- ''■ Gmnulif Cj£^''Thf IwD cua in Iht lo>rr corDcr, ind lo Ihc Irll. an hjraJidc^ Lhe remuniiut cuU are largdv byBlinC' GBNERAL LABORATORY TECHNIC. ajl'S'o Blood-cast, — (Landc 1. HyiliiK cul. B. Uniliu A. Cnnulu- cua iB wliik Ac xiibiiIh u cast with k few fttuched fine Had ilu *-r*^'*_'^ w cpqhdij Itukocytcs. C. UjvliM MICROSCOPIC EXAUINATION OP URINE. Fio. 411.— Soui Foius OT Uuc Acid. - Rhombif cn-nola, 3. Whtuioae lomu. 3, 1. Qutdnte facmi. 4, i, 5. Im^lar fomu. 6, S. Grouptuci into nict fonns^ T, a^ BuiuUv fwniB, tTedpftiled bj adding hrorochloric ood lo the iirinF. Thr ciyftiili may be pigmFDIrd or Lightly colored brownisa'ydlov; tlbe ofmenl ii preaunml 10 be UTDnythria, also called nncbrome.— (LoHdsu.) Fio. 411.— AaD AmioHiiiii Uiaie. Vs?il^ a Bevued EDr.ct.—iGtmU.) GENERAL LABORATORY TECHNIC. Wis*' Hl'*®**^' .^ Xii >, >i*i7i ^'^ ''(■S'V WA MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE FlO. Jt8.— StlLLAtl AM) FEAIHEIT CRYSTALS 01 TllH-E PHOSPIIATI.— (T")rlM.) FIC. 41Q.— FOIMS OT CBySTALS Or THE i i 9 M Phos»bati.— (r>i«i.) 4 tiga; nuy br (uKil uvFlhrr GENERAL LABORATORY TECHNIC. M¥%S'^K %t^ MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF URINE, I. Lcudnball) i,i. TynnJo ibcaves. ^i?^ A A, Leudo; ycllowigli highly ndictinii snhcnM. wirh ruliiling linn. B. B. Tymsan, nRdfii ud CHAPTER III. TECHNIC OF SPUTUM EXAMINATION. Collecting the Specimen. — Great care should be exercised in ob- taining the sputum for examination. Sputum collected immediately after eating usually contains particles of the food, which unnecessarily complicate the examination. The first sputum raised in the morning is to be preferred. The patient should be instructed to avoid collect- ing mucus brought from the nose and phar\''nx. Findlay obtains sputum from young children by wrapping the finger with a piece of gauze, irritating the epiglottis by the gauze-wrapped finger, and sweep- ing out of the mouth any sputum that results from the induced cough- ing. The amount of sputum to be obtained will vary with circumstances : while a ver>' small amount may be examined and give satisfactory results, five or ten cubic centimeters or more should be obtained when possible. The patient should expectorate directly into a small stone cup or sterilized salt-mouth bottle; as soon as a sufllicient quantity of sputum has been collected, the container should be at once sealed .with Fic. 493.— Squamous Epitheuum. Otwn fouml in sputum and in urine. In the former it is from the mouth or pharynx. In urine it is usually from the vagina. iulhesive plaster or tightly corked, and labeled. When ready for ex- amination, the sputum should be poured upon a piece of ordinary window ^lass with the under side painted black, or into a Petri dish placed over a blackened surface. Upon this black surface the small, white, opacjue portions, which are best for examination, can be readily seen, removed by forceps or platinum hook, and placed in the center of a >(lass slide. A cover-glass is laid on the specimen, and slight pres- sure made to obtain a uniform layer. U7///t' blihhi-corpiisclcs are always present in sputum; eosinophils o^\*ur in certain forms of asthma and chronic bronchitis, and, accord- ing^ to Teiehniiiller. in two-thirds of the cases of pulmonar\' tubercu- losis; in the latter condition he believes they have some prognostic value, beitii:: most abundant in patients that are doing well. /\'t-./ niiwi-ci^rpiisclcs. — Their presence in small numbers is not sit^nitii ant. In ])neunionia they occur as pale, discoid bodies, and 946 TECHNIC OF SPUTUM EXAMINATION. 947 in hemoptysis the sputum may consist almost entirely of red cor- puscles. Epithelium. — Squamous, from the mouth. Ciliated, usually from the trachea and bronchi. Alveolar, from the alveoli of the lungs. Elastic Fibers.— When these fibers display an alveolar arrangement, they have been derived from the pulmonarj' alveoli, and indicate a destruction of lung tissue. They occur in tuberculosis and bronchiectasis, and occasionally in pulmonary abscess, gangrene of the lung (some cases), pneumonia and destructive processes attacking the air-passages and lungs. The slide of sputum is prepared in the usual way, and examined with a J-inch objective. The elastic fibers exhibit a double contour, are dark colored, slightly curved, and var%' much in length and breadth. They can be most readily collected for demonstration by rapid sedi- mentation in a centrifuge. The sputum contains extraneous pigments in the pneumonoconioses and altered blood -pigments in chronic pulmonary congestion. INDEX. INDEX. I. as a . (sa, amebic, 384 ■ cerebral, 870 chronic perinephric, 634 cold, Si 7 of muscle, 796 hepatic, 749 lingual. 679 metastatic, 184 of heart, 495 ofliver, 749 myocardial, 49s of brain, 870 of liver. 749. 7SO of lung, S9» of muscle. 793 of pharynx, 682 paraosteal, 871 perigastric, 703 perinephric, 634 periurethral, 559 pharyngeal, 683 pyei ;'75- '84 of liver, 750, 780 spienic. 437 thyroid. 780 tonsillar, 681 traumatic, of liver. 750 tropic, of liver. 751 wall of. J9S Acarid^e, iia Acarinoses, iti Acarus foUiculorum hominis, i]3 scabiei. 2 1 2 Achondroplasia, 801, 8oj Achorion Sch&nleinit, 1(14 Acid-alcohol, 46 Acid g|lychffimaliim, 47 rosolic. as an indicator. 910 Adds produced by Iwcteria. 86 Acinous adenoma. 318 Acne pancreatica. 774 Acromegaly. Sob Actinomyces, demonstration of. Actinomycosis. 166 abdominal, 731 of bone, 819 of esophagus, 6(;i of heart. 503 Actinomycosis of lung, 6*4 I of mucous membranes, 563 I of muscle. 797 I of spleen. 441 I of tonsil. 6S] path of infection, 168 Acute aneurysm. 533 ascending paralysis. 882 Brieht's disease. 643 j bulbar paralysis, 869 catarrh of mucous membranes, S47 I catarrhal colitis, 712 morbid anatomy of, 720 gastritis, 700 nephritis. 647 pharyngitis, 681 rhinitis. 565 urethritis, 673 desquamating nephritis, 647 diffuse nephritis. 643, 647 morbid anatomy of, 645 splenitis. 434 dilatation of heart, 517 of ii ■707 disseminated tuberculosis of lung, engorgement of spleen, 434 fatty degeneration of liver, 747 morbid anatomy of, 748 fibrinous bronchitis, 577 focal encephalitis, simple, 867 follicular colitis, 723 gastrectasis. 707 gastric catarrh, 700 dilatation. 707 morbid anatomy of. 707 gastro- intestinal dilatation. 707 (landers. 161 emorrhagic pancreatitis, 769 hyperplasia of spleen, 434 infectious dysentery, 726 epiphysitis, 811 hepatitis, 749 submaxillary angina, 679 interstitial nephritis. 641 890 lephntis. urinary pan vine , ^4^ ■-"i, 889 952 INDEX. Acute nonsuppurative hepatitis, 479 interstitial nephritis, 647 thyroiditis, 780 paralytic distention of intestine, 707. 715 ileus, 707 parenchymatous hepatitis, 749 nephritis, 646 poisoning, 75 polymyositis. 793 reticular lymphangitis, 538 simple endocarditis, vegetations in, 508 periostitis, 803 serous synovitis, 826 suppurative arthritis, 827 interstitial nephritis, 641 lymphangitis, 538 nephritis, 641 morbid anatomy of, 642 pancreatitis, 770 periostitis, 803 strumitis, 780 tonsillitis, 681 tuberculous osteomyelitis, 817 tubular lymphangitis, 538 yellow atrophy of liver, 743, 747 Addiment, 102 Addison's causeless anemia, 422 disease, 786 Adenia, simple. 448 Adenitis chronica of lymph -nodes, 444 Adenoids, post-nasal, 567 Adenoma, 318 acinous, 318 malignant. 328 of cervix uteri, 319 of nasal mucous membrane, 566 of pituitary body, 878 of salivary glands, 689 of suprarenals, 786 of thyroid gland, 783 of tonsil, 685 papillary, of intestine, 734 rectal, 319 site of. 318 tubular. 318 Adenosarcoma of kidney, 661 Adhesions of pericardium, 467 of serous membranes, 4O7 Adiposis. 226 dolorosa, 227 Adiposity, 226 Aerobe, 85 Aerocele, 568 Aeroscope. Hesse's, g 1 1 Agar, blood-smeared, 8gS Agate-ware water-bath, goo Age, 66 Agenesis, 223 of bone, 802 of pyramidal motor tract, 866 Agents, tixin<^, 33 Agglutinable substance. 104 Agglutination, 104 Agglutination of Bacillus tuberculosis, 147 of Bacillus typhosus, 93 1 of Micrococcus melitensis, 117 Agglutinins, 104 of Spirillum cholera asiatics, 143 Agglutinophore group, 104 Agnathia, 674 Air, bacteriologic examination of, 913 Air-passages, infection through, 92 Albino, 236 Albtiminuria, 639 Alcohol, acid, 46 Alexins, 99, 102 Algor mortis, 5 Alimentary canal. See Canal, Alt- mentary. Alkali produced by bacteria, 86 Alveoli of carcinoma, 33a Amboceptor, 102 Ameba, infection of colon by, 724 Mallory's method for demonstrat- ing. 182 Amebae, 181 Amebiasis, 181 Amitosis, 300 Amitotic dfi vision, 300 Amoeba buccalis. 181 dysenteriae, 181 gingivalis, 181 Amygdalitis, 681 Amyloid, chemic tests for, 2^0 Amyotrophy, progressive spuial, 788 Anaematosis, 422 Anaerobe, 85 Anasarca, 270 Anastomosis, aneurysm by, 346 collateral, 260 Anatomy of brain, 834 Anemia, 259, 419 Addison's causeless, 422 associated lesions of, 422 blood changes in, 428 effect of, 259 essential, 422 ganglionic, 422 idiopathic, 422 local, 259 myelogenic, 422 of bone, 80$ of brain, 857 of esophagus. 690 of meninges, 850 of spinal cord. 879 of tnyroid gland, 776 pernicious, 422 primary, 419 progressive pernicious, 422 secondarv, 419 conditions in, 420 splenic, 430, 438 Anemias, tabulation of blood -changes in, 428 Anencephalia, 845 Aneurysm, 531 INDEX. 953 Aneurysm, acute, 533 arteriovenous, 532 by anastomosis, 346 chronic, 533 circumscribed, 532 cirsoid, 346 cryptogenic, 531 cure of, 533 cylindric, 532 diffuse, 533 dissecting, 533 embolic, 533 false, 531 forms of, 532 fusiform, 532 idiopathic, 533 mycotic, 862 of coronary artery, 501 of heart, 501 old. 533 racemose, 346 * recent, 533 saccular. 532 traumatic, 531 true, 531 verminous, 533 Angina, 173, 682 diphtheroid, 174, 685 Orenous, 557 vig's, 559, 679 pectoris, 501 pseudodiphtheric, 685 submaxillary, acute infectious, 679 Vincent's, 174 Angioleucitis, 296, 538 Angioma of muscle, 797 telangiectoides, 345 Angiomata, 345 of brain, 877 of kidnev, 661 of liver, 762 Angiosarcoma, plexiform, 359 Angiosclerosis, 526, 535 Anguillula intestinalis, 204 stercorahs, 204 Anhydremia, 406 Animals, inoculated, after-treatment of, 926 inoculated, postmortem exami- nation upon, 926 Ankyloglossia, 674 Ankylosis, false, of joints, 832 of joints, 832 true, 832 Ankylostomiasis, 205 Anopheles, 186 Anosmia, 567 Anthracemia, 123 Anthracosis, 232, 542 Anthrax, 123 cutaneous, 125 erysipelatous, 125 intestinal, 125 pulmonary, 125 Anti-bodies, 99 Antibotulin, 123 Antistreptocolysins, 116 Antitoxin, diphtheria, 121 method of estimating strength of, 926 of tetanus, 123 of plague, 131 Antitoxins, 100 method of preparing, 926 Aorta, abdominal symmetric aneurysm of, 532 double, 487 postmortem examination of, 20 Aplasia, 223 Apneumatosis, 587 Apoplexy, 862 cerebral, 264 embolic, 862 hemorrhaeic, 862 meningeal 862 of pancreas, 768 pulmonary, 585 suprarenal, 785 thrombotic, 862 Apparatus for counting colonies, 910 Novy's, for anaerobic cultivation, 917 Appendicitis, 560 catarrhal, 721 chronic catarrhal, 721 gangrenous, 722 perforative, 721 propagative. 722 suppurative, 721 ulcerative, 721 Appendix, inflammations of, 721 concretions within. 722 cysts of, 722 gangrene of, 722 propagative, of infection, 722 Apyrexia, 37 Arachnoid, 833 Argyria, 233, 236 Arnmencephalia, 847 Arnold's steam sterilizer, 905 Arteries, coronary, aneurysm of, 510 atheroma of, 501 postmortem examination of, 14 obliterative arteritis of, 501 degenerations of, 530 diseases of, 520 hypertrophy of, 533 inflammation of, 520 structure of, 520 tuberculosis of, 529 Arterioliths, 277 Arteriopathy, cardiac, 515 Arteriosclerosis, 525 influence of, on nutrition of organs, ^28 Arteritis. 520 atheromatous, 520 ectasial. 529 infectiosa, 524 954 INDEX. Arteritis obliterans, 522 obliterative, of coronary arteries, 501 Artery, pulmonary, atresia of, 487 Arthritis, acute suppurative, 827 chronic, 829 fibrous tuberculous, 831 deformans, 829 dry, 82Q gouty, 828 monarticular, 826 polyarticular, 826 purulent, 827 rheumatoid. 82Q suppurative, 470 trophic, 829 Arthropathies, neurogenous. 830 spmal, 830 Arthropodae, 212 Arthrosis, hydrops, 827 Arthrospores, formation of. 82 Ascarides, 202 Ascaris lumbricoides. 202 Ascites, 270, 453, 520 chylitorm 454 chylous, 265, 454, 537 Ascococci, I Ob Aspergillosis, 162 Aspergillus, 163 fiavus, 163 fumigatus, 163 keratitis, 163 nigcr, 163 Asthma, 579 Atavism. 61 Ataxia, Friedreich's, 887 hereditary, 887 locomotor, 880 Atelectasis, acquired. 587 compression. 588 congenital, 587 obturation, 588 pulmonary. 587 Ateleiosis, 222 asexual, 222 sexual. 223 Atheroma, 520 of coronarv* arteries, coi Athyroidation, 779 Athyroidea, 770 Athyroidism, 779 Athyrosis, 770 Atony of bladder. 66S of intestine, 7 1 5 of stomach. 707 Atresia of intestine, 714 of pulmonary arter\'. 4S7 of stomach. ()i)() Atrophy, 220 active, 222 acute yellow, of liver. 743. 747 brown, of heart, 4SS concentric, of br^ne, 8o(; degeneration, 222 eccenirie, of Ix.ne. So<j Atrophy, general, of heart, 488 Haversian, of bone, 809 local, of heart, 488 lymphoid, 442 mural, of bladder, 668 neuropathic, of bone, 809 numerical, 222 of bone, 8oq of kidney, 635 of liver, 742 of mucous membranes. 54 ^ of muscle, 788 of pancreas, 769 of perirenal fat, 634 of spleen, 433 of suprarenals, 785 of thyroid, 777 passive, 222 pressure, of bone. 809 of liver, 743 progressive muscular, of spinal origin, 884 red, of liver, 519, 740, 743 senile, of bone, 8oq of lung, 591 simple. 222 of liver, 742 Autoclav, Q06 Autoinoculation of tumors, transcuta- neous. 314 Auto-intoxications, direct. 77. 376 indirect, 376 Axis-cylinder of nerves. 835 Bacillemia, tuberculous, 154 of typhoid, 141 Bacilli. 106 Bacillus aceticus, 86 acidi lactici, 86 aerogenes capsulatus. 135 anthracis, 124 botulinus, 123 butyricus, 86 coli communis, 136, 137 diphtheria', 1 18 metachromatic granules of 119 Neisser's stain for. 1 10 polar granules of, 119 dysenteri:e. 141 fusiformis. 174 influenzae, 126 Koch-Weeks. 133 lacunatis. 133, 134 lepne. 157 extracellular, 158 mallei. 160 (cdematis maligni, 136 of avian tuberculosis. 147 of Friedhuider, 127 of influenza, toxins of, 127 of symptomatic anthrax, 125, 126 paratyphoid, 731 pestis, I 28 INDEX. 955 Bacillus pestis. toxins of, 129 pneumoniae, 127 pyocyaneus, 134 rhinoscleromatis, 159 tetani, 121 tuberculosis, 145 agglutination of, 147 paths of infection by, 148 typhi abdominalis, 139 typhosus, 1^9 ulceris mollis, 132 Bacteremia, 275, 377 Bacteria, 81, 106 aerobic. 85 anaerobic, 85 as causes of disease, 81, 94, 106 chromogenic, 83 in osteomyelitis, 811 in tissue, Weigert's method for demonstrating, 914 liquefaction of gelatin by, 84 motility of, 82 not staining by Gram's method, 84 of intestine, 720 of stomach, 697 of suppuration, 113 pathogenic, 83 producing hemolysins, 79 propagation of, by fission, 82 reproduction of, 82 saprophytic, 83 spore formation of, S2 stain reaction of, 85 staining by Gram's method, 84 structure of, 81 temporary mounts of. 913 toxicogenic, 84, 88 zymogenic, 83 Bacteriolysis, 104 Balantidium coli, 182 Banti's disease, 439 Barnes's dropping bottle, 46 Basedow's disease, 782 Basket-cells of nervous system, 841 Basophilia, 410 Battledore hand, 806 Bedbug, 213 Beef extract for preparing bouillon, 901 Beef-peptone-agar, 902 Beef-peptone-gelatin, 901 Bensley's solution, 34 Beri-beri, 890 Bidermoma, 370 Biebrich's scarlet, 389 Biermer's disease, 422 Bile-ducts. 763 acute catarrhal inflammation of, chronic catarrhal inflammation of, cystadenomata of, 766 diseases of, 763 obstruction to, 765 papillomata of, 766 primary cancer of, 766 Bile-ducts, secondary carcinoma of, 766 suppuration of, 764 tumors of, 766 Bilharzia haematobia, 193 Bilharziosis, 193 Biliary cirrhosis, 753 passages, 763 postmortem examination of, 18 Birth-canal, infection through, 92 Birth-mark, 345 Black-leg, 126 Black-tongue, 679 Bladder, atony of, 668 chronic congestion of, 668 encephaloid carcinoma of, 672 exstrophy of, 633 hypertrophy of, 669 ixinammation of, 669 malformations of, 633 mural atrophy of, 668 papilloma of, 671 papilloma fimbriatum of. 671 postmortem examination of, 16 primary sarcoma of, 672 scirrhous carcinoma, 672 tuberculosis of, 670 tumors of, 671 villous cancer of, 671 Blake bottle for plating, 907 Blastomyces, 170 Blastomycosis, 170 Bleeders, 263 Bleichsucht, 421 Blood, 385 animal parasites in. 430 changes in anemia, tabulation of, 428 coagulation time of, 404 color index, 398 counting erythrocytes, 399 leukocytes, 402 determination of specific gravity of, 397 diabetic, staining of. 380 diff'erential counting, 403 examination of, 385 films, staining of, 386 hemoglobin estimation of. 300 infection by extension. 92 in pernicious anemia, 422 liquor sanguinis, 405 metastasis of tumors by. 314 method of obtaining for examina- tion, 385 mycoses of, 377, 430 pathology of, 405 platelet, 417, 405 staining of. 386 by Ehrlich's method. 3S7 by Wright's method. Blood-serum, human, 898 mixture, Ldffler's, 898 solid, 897 sterilization of, 897 by Councilman-Mallorv meth- od, 898 Blood-vessels, 520 amyloid infiltration of, 530 angiosclerosis of, ^26. 535 cryptogenic calcihcation, 5J0 diaphanous degeneration ot, 530 diseases of, 520 fattv degeneration of, 530 hyaline degeneration of, §30 of heart, malformation of, 486 ossification of, 530 terminal, 281 tumors of, 536 vitreous degeneration of. 530 Bodies, foreign, in myocardium, 504 in stomach, 698 loose, in joints, 826 Pacchionian, 834 Body of hernia, 713 postmortem external examination of. 5 internal examination of. 6 restoration of, 30 Bone, acquired syphilis of, 8iq actinomycosis of, 819 agenesis of. 802 anemia of, 805 angular defonnity of, 820 atrophy of, 809 caries of, 812. Si 4 chronic infections of, 817 nonsuppurative inflammation of. 815 tuberculosis of, 817 comminuted fracture of, 820 compact portion of, 798 concentric atrophy of, 809 congenital syphilis of, 818 congestion of, 805 cysts of, 825 diseases of. 798 eccentric atrophy (^f. 801; tibrous union of, 822 fractures of, 819 glanders of, 819 ijrcenstick fracture of, 820 halisteresis of. 810 Haversian atrophy of. 809 hyperemia of. 805 hypertrophy of. 806 immediate com i)lieat ions of frac- ture of, 820 inflammations of, 810 leontiasis, 807 le])rosy of, 819 line of fracture. S20 malformatiim of. 801 ncer<.>sis of. 812 •^•"•nropathic atrophy of. Sog " "vaniination of. 26 Bone, pressure atrophy of, 809 regeneration of, 814 repair of, Sao resorption of, 800 rotar>' deformity of, 8ao secondary complications of frac- ture of, 820 senile atrophy of, 809 spongy layer of, 798 structure of, 798 syphilis of, 818 toxic necrosis of, 813 tuberculosis of, 817 tumors of, 823 Bone-cutting forceps, 29 Bone-marrow, 799 cells of, 799 changes in, 802 human, elements of, 800 red, 799 yellow, 800 Botulism, 123 Bouillon, Koch's alkaline beef-peptone, 900 Brain, 834 abscess of, 870 active hyperemia of, 8s7 acute inflammations 01, 866 anatomy of, 834 anemia of, 857 angiomata of, 877 cholesteomata of, 877 circulatory disturbances of, 857 cysts of, 877 diseases of blood-vessels of, 864 edema of, 850 ependymal sclerosis, 874 fibromata of. 877 gliosarcoma, 876 granular ependymal sclerosis of, 874 heterotopia of gray matter of, 847 hv-ner trophy oiT 847 inflammation of, 866 insular sclerosis of, 873 lipomata of, 877 lobar sclerosis of, 874 malformations of, 845 multiple sclerosis of, 873 occlusion of vessels of, 864 osteomata of. chronic, see chronic diffuse n pht orms of, 640 Siehi. 575 r chronic fibrinous inflammation of, "« - concretions of. 580 fibrinous inflammations of, 577 fangrenous inflammations of, 578 emotxhage from, 575 hemorrhagic inflammations of. 578 hyperemia of, 575 inflammation of c malformations normal structure of. 575 j parasites in, O37 j pigmentary infiltration of, 578 ' postmortem examination of. 15 pseudomembranous inflammations i of. S77 1 stenosis of. 578 syphihtic intiammation of, 578 tuberculosis of , 578 tumors of. 580 Bronchiectasis, <;79 Bronchiolectasis', 570 i Bronchioles, inflammation of, 577. Bronchioliths, 580 Bronchiolitis, 577 ' Bronchitis, capillary, 607 , catarrhal. 575 | chronic caseous, 578 1 catarrhal, 57; | fibrinous, 578 fetid. 576 I fibrinous, 577 | follicular, 576 I gangrenous, 57H \ hemorrhagic, 578 pseudomembranous inflammations of. 577 putrid, S76 syphilitic, 578 | Bronchoblenorrhea. 576 Bronchocele, 780 Bronchopneumonia. 606 complications of, fin | morbid anatomy of, 608 | histology fif, 6o() ! Bronchorfhea. 576 Brush for handling sections, 4,3 Bubo, 444 chancrf'idal, 1^1 1 parotid. Mil 1 Bubo, primary, of first order, 130 of second order, 130 secondary, iio Buerger's method for staining capsules, i classified as to degree, 71 I Bursa, inflammation of, 456 suppuration of, 470 Bursitis. 456 suppurative, 470 Cachexia strumipriva, 779 Calcification, cryptogenic, of blood-v sels, 53° miliary. 138 of blood-vessels, 520 of pericardium, 468 Calculi, biliary, 765 in stomach, 698 mulberry, 670 of ii . 7.i6 pancreatic, 773 urinarj', 670 vesical, 670 Callus, S3] Calvarium. postmortem Canal, alimentary, 67.^ central, of cord, 841 Cancer (also see Carcinoma), 33" chronic, 131 ectopic thyroid, 776 gangrenous, of stomach. 70Q gastric, morbid anatomy of. 709 hard, 33a infra-ampullarv, 735 juxtajejunal. 735 medullary. 535 melanotic, 324 of larynx, 574 extrinsic, 574 intrinsic. 574 of stomach, Tog of suprarenals, 786 of thyroid. 783 peri-ampullary, 735 primary, of bile-ducts. 766 of liver. 761 of lung, ft IS secondary, of muscles. 717 soft, 335 superficial. 315 supra-ampullary, 735 varieties of, 315 villous, of bladder, 671 Cancnim oris. 256, 558. 676 Cajacity. measures 'of. j Capsulitis. circumscril>ed, of spleen, 43 fibrous, 473 hepatic. 738 958 INDEX. Carbol-fuchsin, Ziehl's, 49 Carcinoma, 322 alveoli of. 332 atrophic scirrhous. 334 basocellulare, 331 branch ioeenic, 674 clinical characters of, 323 colloid, 336 degeneration of, 324 cystic. 331 site of. 331 styloid, 331 diagnostic features of, 362 encephaloid, 335 of bladder. 672 endothelial, 359 epithelial, 325 fibrous. 332 gelatiniform. 336 glandular, 325 varieties of. 332 juxta-pyloric duodenal, 735 melanosis of, 324 melanotic, 337 mucoid, 336 myxomatous degeneration of, 324 of bile-ducts, 766 , of brain, 877 of esophagus, 693 of intestine, 734 of lung, 626 of lymph -nodes, 449 of nose, 566 of stomach, 709 pigmentation of, 324 scirrhous, 332 forms of degeneration in, 334 of bladder, 672 secondary changes, 324 site of, 325 varieties of, 325 villous, of bladder, 67 1 Carcinomatosis cutis, 357 of serous membranes, 481 Carcinosarcomata of thyroid, 783 Cardiopathy, 515 Cardioptosis, 485 Cardiospasm, 6qi Caries, dry, 814 humida, 814 of bone, 812, 814 sicca. 814 Carmin, 45 Camitication of lung, 588 Caseation, 254 Casts, blood, 640 epithelial, 640 fatty. 640 fibrinous, in sputum, 948 ijranular. 640 nyaline. 640 renal, 639 waxy, 640 Catarrh, acute jrastric. 700 chronic gastric. 701 Catarrh, chronic nasal, 565 pharyngeal, 682 dry, of mucous membranes, 550 suffocative bronchial, 576 suppurative, of mucous mem- branes, 559 Causes, autogenous, 66 conditional, 66 exciting, 66 exogenous. 67 external, 67 extrinsic, 67 immediate, 66 internal, 66 intrinsic, 66 of malformation, 61 mental, 68 predisposing, 66 remote, 66 unconditional, 66 Cavity, abdominal, postmortem exami- nation of, C) bronchiectatic, 579 thoracic, postmortem examination of, 9 Cecitis, 720 Cell, direct division of, 300 division by force, 301 ganglion, 835 bipolar, 835 multipolar, 835 pathology of, 858 unipolar, 835 indifferent, 302 indirect division of, 300 parasitism of, in neoplasms, 312 reproduction, 300 Celloidm, infiltration with, 42 Cellulitis, diffuse submaxillary, 679 suppurative, 296 Center, thermotactic, 373 Cercomonas hominis, 182 Cerebral abscess, wall of, 870 apoplexy, 862 hemorrhage, 862 softening, 864 Cerebritis, 866 acute hemorrhagic, 868 suppurative, 869 Cerebrospinal meningitis, 855 Cerebrum, 834 Cervix uteri, adenoma of, 319 Cestodes. 194 Chalicosis, 232 Chancre, hard. 177 Chancroid, 132 Charbon, 124 symptomatique, 126 Charcot-Leyden crystals in sputum, 948 Charcot's disease of joints, 830 Chemiotaxis, 291 Chemotaxis, 291 Chills, 378 Chloral, aqueous solution of, for prefier- vation. 32 INDBX. 959 Chloranemia. 421 Chloremia, 421 Chloroform bacilline, 88 Chlorolymphoma, 360 Chloroma, 360 Chlorosis, 421 associated lesions of, 422 Cholangitis, 550. 763 acute catarrhal, 763 chronic catarrhal, 763 suppurative, 764 • Cholecystitis, 550 fibrinous, 764 phlegmonous, 764 pseudomembranous, 764 tuberculous, 764 Cholelithiasis. 765 Cholera asiatica, 142, 727 infantum, 723 Cholesteatoma. 358 Cholesteomata of brain, 877 Chondritis, articular, 826 Chondroblasts, 821 Chondroma. 339 laryngeal, 575 of heart, 503 of muscle, 797 of thyroid, 783 Chondrosarcoma, 361 Chorioepithelioma, 364 Chromatolysis, 779, 859 Chromo-aceto-osmic acid mixture, 33 Chromogens, 83 Chronic aneurysm, 533 anterior poliomyelitis, 884 arthritis, 829 caseous peribronchitis, 578 tuberculosis of bowel, 732 of joints, 8^1 catarrhal appendicitis, 721 bronchitis, 577 colitis, 724 enteritis, 720 gastritis, 701 mfiammation of mucous mem- branes, 546, 548 congestion of liver, 740 cyanosis, with polycythemia and enlarged spleen. 411 desquamative nephritis, 648 diffuse nephritis, 648 splenitis, 435 dilatation of stomach, 708 edema of larynx, 573 epithelial nephritis, 648 glanders, 161 hyperplastic inflammation of serous membranes, 473 tuberculosis, 153 of intestine, 733 of mucous membranes, .561 infectious inflammations of mucous membranes, 560 interacinar pancreatitis, 772 Chronic interlobular pancreatitis, 772 internal pachymeningitis, 849 interstitial hepatitis, 753 nephritis, 652 pancreatitis, 772 parotitis, 686 pneumonia, 611 thyroiditis, 780 tonsillitis, 682 lacunar tonsillitis, 682 laryngitis, 569 lead intoxication, neuritis of, 891 leptomeningitis, 850 lymphangitis, 538 meningo-encephalitis, 870 nephritis, 648 neuritis, 889 pancreatitis, 771 parenchymatous nephritis, 648 periadenitis, 444 peribronchitis, 577 pharyngeal catarrh, 682 pharyngitis, 682 phlebitis, 535 pneumonia, 604 poisoning, 2$ poliomyelitis, 884 productive inflammation of serous membranes, 473 osteitis, 815 periostitis, 805 rhinitis, 565 serofibrinous exudative serositis, 473. serositis, 472 serous exudative serositis, 473 splenic tumor, 435 tonsillitis, 681 tubular nephritis, 648 Chylangioma, 347 Chyle-cysts, 537 Chylocele, 210, 537 Chylo thorax, 265 Chyluria, 210, 537 Cimex hirundinis, 213 lectularia, 213 Cirrhosis anthracotica of liver, 756 atrophic, of liver, 753 biliary, of liver, 757 congestion of, 519 fatty, of liver, 756 hypertrophic biUary, of liver, 757 interlobular, of liver, 755 intralobular, of liver, 755 Laennec's, of liver, 753 monolobular, of liver, 755 obstructive biliary, 756 of collapse of lung, 588 of liver, 753 perilobular, of liver, 755, 758 polylobular, of liver, 755 portal, 753 pulmonary, 611 true, of lung, 613 venous, of Uver, 753 960 INDEX. Clarke, column of, 841 Classification of tumors, 315 Cleaning of hemocytometer, 402 Clearing agents, 35, 45 Clots, postmortem, 270 Cloudy swelling, 241 Coagulation of milk by bacteria, 84 necrosis, 251 Coagulometer, Wright's, 405 Cocci, 106 pathogenic, 107 varieties of, 106 Coccidia, 184, 370 Coccidiosis, 184 Coccidium oviforme, 185 Cold, 72 Colitis, 550, 720, 722 acute catarrhal, 722 follicular. 723 chronic catarrhal, 724 croupous, 724 cystic, 724 diphtheric, 725 gangrenous, 725 mucous, 725 necrosing, 725 polyposa, 724 pseudomembranous, 724 Collapse of lung, 587 Colloid, 246 Colon, accoutred dilatation of, 715 chronic catarrh of, 724 gangrene of, 725 infection by ameba, 724 inflammation of, 722 invagination of, 717 Colonies, apparatus for counting, 910 Color index of blood-cell, 308 Colpitis mycotica, 165 Column of Clarke, 841 Complement, 102 Complications, 65 immediate, of fracture of bone, 820 of bronchopneumonia, 611 secondary, of fracture of bone, 820 Compound granule cells, 865 Concretions of bronchi, 580 within appendix, 722 Conditions, elephantoid, 537 Congestion, 265 active, 260 chronic, of liver, 740 of bladder, 668 cirrhosis of, 5iy hypostatic, 266 of lung. 582 morbid anatomy of, 266 of bone, 80s of esopliagus, 6f)o of intestine, 719 of kidney. 637 of larynx, 56<) of lung. 5S2 of muccms membranes, 541 of pancreas, 768 Congestion of regurgitation, 266 of stomach, 698 of thyroid, 776 passive, 265 of spleen, 436 venous, 265 Congo red, 389 Comdia, 162 Conjunctivitis, 133 Constitution, lymphatic. 451 Constriction, subvalvular. of heart, ^16 Continuity, extension of infection by, 92 Conus arteriosus, stenosis of, 487 medullaris, 834 Copremia. 376 Copula, 102, 184 Cor hirsutum, 462 villosum, 462 Coronary arteries, atheroma of, 501 obliteration of, 501 Corpora amylacea, 865, 875 Costotome, 9 Cover-^lass forceps, 912 Coxalgia, 817 Craniopagus frontalis, 63 occipitalis, 63 parietalis, 63 Craniorrachischisis totalis, 842 Cranioschisis, 845 Craniotabes, 823 Crenation. 408 Cretinism, sporadic, 777 Crisis, 379 Croup, catarrhal, 569 lalse, 569 membranous, 569 spasmodic, 569 Croupous pneumonia, 597 abscess of frontal sinus in. 606 accompanied by endocarditis, 605 accompanied by pleurisy, 605 blood-changes in, 605 causes of, 598 complications of, 605 engorgement, 600 gray hepatization, 603 meningitis in, 606 monarticular joint inflamma- tion in, 606 morbid anatomy of, 599 nephritis in, 606 pericardial inflammation in , 605 red hepatization, 600 suppurative parotitis in, 606 terminations of, 603 Culex, 214 Culture-containers, 903 Culture-media, 897 artificial, 897 natural, 897 Cultures, anat-robic, 917 hanging-drop, 918 INDEX. 961 Cultures, incubation of, 922 mixed. 906 pure, 897 shake, 917 slant, 905 smear, 908 stab, 908 stroke, 908 Culture-tube, Sternberg's anaerobic, 917 Cure of aneurysm, 533 Curschmann's spirals in sputum, 947 Cyanosis, chronic, with polycythemia and enlarged spleen, 411 Cyclocephalia, 847 Cyclopia, 564, 847 Cylindrolysis, 640 Cylindroma, 360 Cystadenoma, 368 papillary, of thyroid, 783 Cystadenomata of bile-ducts, 766 of pancreas, 774 Cysticercosis, 197 Cysticercus cellulosae, 197, 370 saginata, 196 Cystitis, 550, 669 Cystocele, abdominal, 668 vaginal, 668 Cystoma, 368 of pancreas, 774 Cysts, 367 branchial, 674 cavernous, 367 chylous. 347 coccidial, 184 conglomerate renal, 665 dermoid, 369 of thyroid, 784 extravasation. 369 exudation, 367 hydatid. 199, 370 of heart, 503 of kidney, 665 metastatic, of spleen, 440 multilocular, 367 multiple, 367 mucous. 367 nephric, 367 of appendix, 722 of bone, 825 of brain, 877 of kidney. 663 of liver. 762 of pkancreas. 773 of pia-arachnoid. 857 of spinal cord. 888 of spleen, 773 of suprarenals. 786 of thyroid, 784 of urachus. 633 papilliferous, 367 paranephric urinar\-, 634 pararenal. 634 parasitic. 370 of brain. 877 proliferous, 367 62 Cysts, pseudopancreatic, 774 retention. 367 retropjeritoneal, 480, 735 sanguineous, 369 simple, 367 thyroglossal, 776 traumatic pancreatic, 774 unilocular, 367 urinosanguineous, 634 Cytase, 102 Cytodiagnosis, 291, 477 Cytolysis, 859 Cytoryctes variolas, 186 Dare's hemo^lobinometer, 395 Death, thymic, 451 Death-point, thermal, 920 for bacteria, 85 Deciduoma malignum, 364 Decolorization of thrombus, 276 Deformity, 60 angiUar, of bone, 820 ape-like, 806 rotary, of bone, 820 Degeneration, 240 acute fatty, of liver, 747 ascending, of spinal cord, 879 chronic renal, 649 colloid, 246 of carcinoma, 324 corneous, 248 cystic, of kidney, 66^ diaphanous, of Dlood-vesselH, 530 fatty, 242 demonstration of, 244 of blood-vessels, 530 of joints, 825 of mucous membranes. 545 of muscle, 791 fibrous, of myocardium, 495 glassy. 247 granular, 241 of heart, 491 of mucous membranes. 54^ of muscle, 791 hyaline. 247 of bkxil -vessels. 5^0 of heart. 493 of joints. 825 of lymph-mxies. 443 of muscle, 791 hydropic. 245 demonstrati'/n of. 246 of muscle, 791 keratohyaline. 24/i mucoid. 246 of y/inis. J52? myxoniat'rrjs 246 of ^.ixmr.fjrr.n. '.2i of \A'yy\ ' ven v.l - c ; '^ 'ji of ijyir.'.-y. *,\/j of hpOTr*a 3)9 ' f/:ik 962 INDEX. Degeneration of ner\'es, 889 of nerve-cell, demonstration, 853 of pericardium, 456 of suprarenals, 785 of thyroid, 779 parenchymatous, 241 demonstration of. 242 of liver, 747 of suprarenals, 785 secondary, of nerv^e- libers, 860 of spinal cord, 882 vitreous, 247 blood-vessels of, 530 Wallerian, 861 Degenerations and infiltrations, 224 Demfield's hematoxylin, 46 Demarcation, line of, 257 Dementia paralytica. 871 Demodex, 213 Dendrites, changes in. 859 of nerves, 836 Deposits, calcific, demonstration of, 238 uric acid. 238 Dermatitis, blastomycetic, 171 Dermatolysis. 342 Dermatomycosis, 163 Dermatomyositis, 793 Dermoids, compound, 370 simple, 370 traumatic, 370 Descensus ventriculi, 697 Desmoid, 341 Desmon, 102 Dexiocardia, 484 Diastematomyelia, 845 Diathesis, inherited hemorrhagic, 262 Dibothriocephalus latus, 201 Dicephalus. 63 Dicrocaelium lanceatum, 192 Differentiation of stain, 45, 49 Digitu mortui, 257 Dilatation, acquired, of colon, 715 of esophagus. 692 of intestine, 715 acute gastric, 707 ^astro-intestinal. 707 mtestinal, 707 of heart, 517 ampullarv, of veins. 536 atonic, of esophagus. 692 chronic, of heart. 518 cystic, of veins. 534 of esophagus, diffuse, 602 of heart, with thickening. 515 with thinning. 515 of intestine, 715 of stomach. 706 inorbid anatomy of, 707 varicose, of veins, 536 Diphtheria, 684 antitoxin. 121 ])acilhis of, 1 18 chronic. 684 cHnical. 684 Di{)htheriolysin, 120 Diphtheromycosis, 684 Diplococci, 106 Diplococcus pneumoniae, 109, 598 demonstration of , 110 pathogenesis of, no staining of, in tissues, no intracellularis meningitidis, in demonstration of, in, 856 rheumaticus, 112 pathogenesis of, 113 Dipygus. 63 Disease, 64 acute, 65 Bright's, 643 Addison's, 786 albuminoid, 227 alterations in atmospheric pres- sure as causes of, 73 animal parasites as causes of, iGi arthropathic, 831 bacteria as causes of, 106 Banti's, 439 Basedow's, 782 Biermer's, 422 Bilharzia, 193 caisson. 73 causes of, 66 Charcot's, of joints, 830 chronic, 65 communicable, 65 congenital cystic, of pancreas, 774 electric discharges as causes of, 74 foot and mouth, 675 functional, 64 Gl^nard's, 431 guinea- worm, 210 Hodgkin's, 430, 447 ingestive, 65 Kahler's, 824 lardaceous, 228, 490 of heart, 490 of liver. 745 of lymph-nodes, 443 of spleen, 434 of suprarenals, 785 Madura, organism 01, 169 Mikulicz's, 186 organic, 64 poisons as causes of, 75 Pott's. 817. 830 Raynaud's. 257 Riga's. 679 scalds and burns as causes of, 70 screw-worm, 214 specific, 65 starvation as a cause of, 68 thermal causes of, 70 trauma as a cause of, 72 villous. cellular, 245 of ^all-bladder, 663 of joints. 827 of serous cavities, 453 Duckwall's flagella-stain, 915 Duct, thyroglossal, 776 Ductus arteriosus, patulous, 487 Dunham's peptone solution. 906 Duodenitis. 720 Duodenum, postmortem examination of, 18 Duplicitas anterior, 63 parallela. 63 posterior. 63 Dura mater, 833 circulatory disturbances of, 848 hyperemia of. 848 syphilis of, 849 tuberculosis of, 849 tumors of, 849 Durante-Cohnheim, inclusion theory of. 310 Dyes, anilin. used in staining, 48 Dysentery, 141, 725 acute infectious. 726 amebic, 726 Dyspepsia, 550 Dystrophy, progressive muscular, 789 Erb type, 790 facioscapulohumeral type, 790 Landouzy and Dejerine type. 790 . Ecchondromata, 339 ; Ecchymosis. 6, 264 ' Echinococcus altricipariens, 199 granulosus. 199 nominis. 199 hydatidosus. 199 multilocularis. 199 scolices of. 200 scolipariens. 199 veterinorum. 199 Ectasia, arterial. 531 Ectasy. gastric. 706 Ectopia. ^8 cordis. 484 vesicie, 633 Edema. 267 acute fulminating pulmonary. 5 S3 angiosclerotic. 270 cachectic. 26<) cardiac. 520 cerebral. 270 chronic, of larynx. 573 chronic, pulmonary. 584 ex vacuo. 260 infectious. 269 964 INDEX. Edema, inflammatory, 269 ischemic, 269 morbid anatomy of, 269 neuropathic. 269 of brain, 850 of glottis, 573 localized pulmonary, 584 phlegmonous, of larynx, 573 pulmonar>', 583 simple acute, 583 serous, of larynx, 573 thermal, 269 traumatic, 269 trophic, 269 toxic, 269 varieties of, 269 Egg for use as culture-medium, 899 sterilization of, for culture-medium, - 899 Ehrlich's acid hematoxylin, 47 stain for blood, 388 Elements of human bone-marrow, 800 Elephantiasis, 209, 537 Emooli, forms of, 279 infective, 284 neoplastic, 284 retrograde, 279 Embolism. 278 of coronary arteries, 501 pulmonary, 585 recurrent, 2 7g Embolus. 278 changes induced by, 279 crossed. 279 infective, 279 paradoxic, 278 simple, 279 Embryomata, 370 Emphysema, acute vesicular, 592 atrophic, 5gi cadaverosum, 135 comf>ensatory. 589 gangrenous, 257 gaseous. 134 hvpertrophic. 589 idiopathic, 589 interlobular, 588 interstitial. 588 large-lunged. 589 local, 589 of lung, 58S of neck. 568 of spleen, 431 senile. s<n small-lungod. 591 substantial. 589 vesicular, 589 vicarious. 581) Empyema, ^(n) f>ai'tcriology of. 469 inierloV)ar. 47 i of gall-l.)lad(ler. 764 Enccplialitis, acute. Sbh h(.'nK)rrhagic. 876 sui»i.>urative, 867 Encephalitis, chronic, 870 meningo-, 870 hematogenous, 867 Encephalocele, 846. Encephalomenin^ocele, 846 Encephalomyelitis haemorrhagica, 868 Enchondroma, 339 Enchondrosis, 339 Endarteritis, atheromatous. 520 cartilaginosa, 525 chronica nodosa, 520 deformans, 520 luetica, 529 tuberculosa. 154, 529 verrucosa, 525 warty, 525 Endocarditis. 504 acute malignant, 510 simple, 506 bacteria in, ^08 vegetations m. 508 adhesive, 512 bacterial, 510 chronic, 512 ulcerating, 512 classification of forms, 504 diphtheritic, 510 fibrous, 512 forms of. 505 in croupous pneumonia, 605 indurative, 512 interstitial. 512 malignant, 505 mural, 505 mycotic, 510 permanent, 512 polypous, 509 pustular, 510 pyemica, 510 sclerotic, 512 simple, 505 ulcerative, 510 valvular, 505 verrucosa, 509 villous, 509 Endocardium, inflammations of, 504 structure of, 504 Endometritis, septic, 559 Endoneurium, 833, 841 Endophlebitis tuberculosa. 154 Endospore formation of bacteria, S2 Endotnelioma, 358 EndotheUomata, hcmangio-, 350 lymphangio-, 35Q of pia-arachnoid, 856 of pituitary body, 878 of salivary glands, 689 of serous membranes, 480 Endotoxin. H8, 97, 120 Engori;ement, acute, of spleen, 434 s})lenic, 434 It^nlargoment, inflammatory, 299 Enostoses. 340, 808 Entamoeba coli, 181 histolytica, 181 INDEX. 965 Enteric fever, 728 Enteritis, 720 acute catarrhal, 720 chronic catarrhal, 720 follicular, 720 tangrenous, 721 emorrhagic, 721 phlegmonous. 721 pseudomembranous, 721 serous, 720 Enterocele, 713 Enterocolitis, 720 Enterocy stoma, 714 Entero-epiplocele, 713 Enterolitmasis, 735 Enteroliths, 736 Enteroplegia, 707, 715 Enteroptosis, 431, 712 Enterorrhagia, 264 Enterosepsis. 376 Enterotome, 18 Enzymes, 86 Eosin, alcoholic solution of, 47, 50 aqueous solution of, 50 Eosinophilia, 292 Epidermoids, 370 Epineurium, 833, 841 Epiphyseolitis, 818 Epiphyseolysis, 176 Epiphysitis, acute infectious, 811 Epiplocele, 713 Epispadias, 633 Epistaxis, 264, 564 Epithelioma, 325 columnar cell, 328 cylindric cell, 328 pearl, 326 primary, of spleen, 439 squamous. 325 of esophagus, 693 of mouth. 685 of salivary glands. 68q of serous membranes, 359 sites of, 327 tubulated, 329 Epithelium in sputum, 947 in urine, 935 Epulis. 356. 686 Erlicki's solution, 35 Erosions of stomach, 701 Erysipelas, streptococcus of, 115 Erythrasma. 164 Erythrocidins. 1 1 5 Er>'throcruorin, 411 Erythrocyte. 407 Erythrocytolysin, 78 Erythrocytijlysis, 78. 410 Esmarch's tube plates, 907 Esophagismus, 6gi Esophagitis, 550. 690 phlegmonous. 691 » Esophagomalacia. 693 Esophagus, 68() acquired dilatation of, 692 actinomycosis of, 691 Esophagus, anemia of, 690 atonic dilatation of, 692 atresia of, 690 carcinoma of, 693 congestion of, 690 diffuse dilatation of, 692 gummata of, 691 hyperemia of, 690 hysteric stricture of, 691 inorganic stricture of, 691 malformations of, 690 normal structure of, 689 organic stricture of, 69 1 perforation of, 693 postmortem examination of, 19 pulsion diverticula of, 692 sarcoma of, 693 simple stricture of, 692 spasmodic stricture of. 691 spontaneous rupture of, 693 squamous epithelioma of, 693 streptothricosis of, 691 stricture of, 69 1 structure of, 689 syphilis of, 691 thrush of. 691 traction diverticula of, 692 traction-pulsion diverticulum of, 693 tuberculosis of, 691 tumors of. 693 Etiology, 55, 66 Evisceration, Letulle's method, 26 Exostoses, 340, 808 Exostosis, chondroid. 339 Exstrophy of bladder, 633 Exudates, 269 Eye, inoculations into anterior cham- ber of, 925 Face, cleft, 67 hem ihy pert rophy of. 807 Family, hemophilic, genealogic tree of, 263 Farcy, 161 Farcy-bud, 161 Farina kettle, 900 Fasciola hepatica, 192 Fasciolidae, 192 Fastigium, 379 Fat, necrosis of. 253 perirenal, atrophy of, 634 Fauces, gangrene of, 557 Favus, 163 Febris amatoria, 421 Femur, osteophytes on, 808 Ferments, amylolytic, 86 diastatic, 86 lipolytic. 86 pept<mizing. 86 proteolytic, 86 Fever, 374 blood-changes in, 380 cerebrospinal, 848 966 INDEX. Fever, changes in organs, 380 enteric, 728 intermittent, 379 lung, 597 malaria, liver in, 746 malta, 117 paratyphoid, 731 remittent. 379 splenic, 124 surgical aseptic, 376 syphilitic. 178 Texas. 79 typhoid. 138. 728 Widal s test for, 931 Fibers, elastic, in sputum, 947 of muscles, 788 Fibro-adenoma, 318 Fibroblasts, 302 Fibroid, recurrent, 353 Fibroma, 341 angio-, 342 corneal, of spleen, 436 durum, 342 lamellar, of spleen. 436 lipomatodes, 342 moUe, 342 of brain, 877 of heart, 503 of muscle, 797 of stomach, 712 of thyroid, 783 ossificum, 7,^2 petrificum, 343 simple. 341 telangietaticum, 342 Fibroneuromata, 320, 893 Fibrosarcoma, 353 Fibrosis, arteriocapillary, 526 dystrophic. 498 local splenic, 436 of muscle, 701 pancreatic. 771 substitutive, 207 Filaria Bancrofti, 209 bronchialis, 212 embryo of, 207 hominis oris, 212 loa. 212 medinensis, 210 sanguinis hominis, 207 diurna. 208 in urine, 937 nocturna, 208 ])erstans. 208 Filariic. table of, 208 Filariosis. 207 Filum tenninale. 834 Fissura abdominahs, 62 stcmi, t)2 vesic\'i'. O33 Fistula, thyro^lossal, 776 Fistuhr. l^ranchial. 674 Fixation. ])r(»ccss of. ^ ^5 of tissue by alcohol, 35 by bichlorid of mercury, 34 Fixatives, 33 Fixator, 102 Flagella. Loffler's method of staining. 914 Pitfield's method of staining. 915 Flea, dog, 213 human, 213 sand, 213 Flemming's solution, 33 Fluke, blood, 194 Flukes, 192 Foam-liver, 739 Foam-organs, 135 Foot-and-mouth disease, 675 Forceps, bone-cutting, 29 cover-glass, 38 dissecting, 20 Stewart's cover-glass, 912 Formalin. 31 Formation of gas, 84 Fracture of bone, 819 Fragilitas ossium, 809 Fragmentation of thrombus, 276 Friedlander's method of staining for capsule of Bacillus pneumonia?. 128 Friedreich's ataxia, 887 Frog, leukocytes of, 289 Fungi, mould, 162 nonpathogenic, in urine, 936 pathogenic, in urine. 937 Fungus hematodes, 335, 362 ray. 166 thrush. 166 Gabbet's stain for tubercle bacillus. 146 Galactocele, 367 Gall-bladder, empyema of. 764 fibrinous inflammation of. 764 inflammation of, 550. 763 phlegmonous inflammation of. 764 pseud omembrane of, 764 purulent accumulation in, 764 tuberculosis of, 764 tumors of, 766 Gall-stones. 765 Gametes, 184 Ganglia, semilunar, postmortem ex- amination of, 17 Ganglion cells of nervous system, 835 pyramidal, of ner\'ous svstem. 840 Gangrene. 255 circumscribed. 256 diabetic, 258 diffuse, of lung. 595 dry. 258 gaseous. 257 hospital. 25S inflammatorv. 2s S latent ])ujnn)nary. 595 line r)f demarcation, 257 moist, 255 multiple, 256 of lung. 51)5 INDEX. 