None
Infusion preparation of meat, 92 Inhibiting substances in media, 125 Initial bodies of Prowazek, 465 Inoculation of animals, 147-148 of blood, intravenous, 148 into body cavities, 148 of brain substance, 148 care in performing, 148 cutaneous, 147 of eye, 148 by inhalation, 148 of intestines, 148 intracutaneous, 147 of peritoneum, 148 of skin. 147, 148 of trachea, 148 of ventricle, 148 Insoluble carbonates, use of, 125 Interbody, 173 Intestinal flora, 360-362 of adults, 362 development of, 360 dominant types^ 361 Bacillus acidophilus, 361 aerogenes capsulatus, 362 bifidus, 361 coli and allied types, 362 mesentericus, 362 micrococcus ovalis, 362 putrificus, 362 importance of, 361 Inulin, action of pneumococcus, 311 Inulin-serum water, 122 Invertase, 29 Inverting enzymes, 62 Involution forms in reproduction of mi- croorganisms, 38 lodex r^vius (in Texas fever), 604 Iodine as disinfectant, 725 Iodoform as disinfectant, 730 Ionization, 97. See Hydrogen-ion con- centration. Iso-agglutinins, 204 Isogamy, 47 Isolysins, 214 Japanese worm, 286 Jaundice, infections, Leptospira in, 568 I spirochetes in, 567 I Sp. ict«rohemorrhagia in, 567 I Weil's disease, 568 I Jenner's stain (for blood), 84 Johne's disease, bacillus of, 443 Kala-azar, 539 Karyozome, 43, 44 Kinetic nurleus, 44, 47 LO dose, 178 KinetonucleuB, 47 L + doee, 178 Kinyoun'H method for tubercle bftcilli, 439 j Lophotricha, 36 Kipp apparatus (for anaerobes), 141 ' LuesieMine, 256 Klebs-Loffler bacillus, 332. See Bacillus Luetic tissue as antigen, 255 diphtheria, 336-359 Lungs, organisms found in, ISt Kocn-Erhlich's anilin-water solution, 79 Lysol, 728 Koch's old tubercuhn (O. T.), 431 Lyssa. See Rabies. 614. postulates, 22 Lytic antibodies, 214 Koch-Weeks' bacillus, 463 in trachoma, 465 Koumyss, 364 M Macropuaoeb. See Phagocyte L Madsoun, 364 Labahraqub's solution, 725 Malaria. 591 Lartic acid milks, 363 anopheles mosquito as carrii Lactose bile, 130 Lamblia intestinalis, 574 See Fins. 189-198. Lecithin, 169 cachexial, 543 Lcishraania, 48, 543 classilicaUon of, 591 Leishmaniasis, .M5 diagnosis of, 599. See Plal faemosporidia, 591 lata, 541-547, historical note on, 591 Leprosy. See Bacillus lepne, 440. Leptomonas. See Flagelteta, 541-547. hyperplastic inflammation Leptospira icteroides (spirochete), 634 Leptothrix. See Trichomycetes, 518-529. imm"unity to, 599 laverania malarits. See Hi falciparum, 592. Leukocyt*s. 219 endo-enzynwfl, 219 organisms of, 593 endolysins, 219 cultivaUon of, 598 extracts of, 224 devebpment of, 593 Levaditi's method for spirochetes, 85. asexual cycle (in See Staining. 75-86, roan), 593 Ligroin method tor tubemiloais, 434 amitotic diviai Linin. 43 crescentic for LipochromeB, 63 601 Lipoidal antigen, 225 Liquid media, 115. See Media, culture, "■^!% 92-132. hyaline form. Listerine, 743 macrogametof Litmus, 101, 106 meroioitefl, 5{ milk, 118 Liver agar (for gonoeoccus), 129 flageUatic broth. 130 mitasis of nv 595 Lobar pneumonia, pneumococcus in, pigment grani 308 nng fonn, 5K serum therapy for, 656 method of administra- segmentation, tion, 667 staining of, 5t relative results in the hemameU falciparum. four types, 656 (estivo-autum in Type I infections, nulariK 658 lever), 592 Ix)cke's solution, 121 vivax (t«tia Loffler's blood serum, 94, 122 592 method tor staining flageUa, Bungc'B modifica- melanin, 598 tion of, 82 tissues 87 mcthyk-ne blue, 78 BKTOal cycle (in diml of female i for Bacillus diph- nxMquito), ! theriK, 339 cyst, (onnatic INDEX 7()» Malaria, organisms of, sexual cycle, flagellation of micro- gametocyte, 596 macrogamete, forma- tion of, 596 ookinet, 596 sporozoites, 598 time required for devel- opment in, 598 zygote, 596 table showing chief differences, 594 parox>'sms in, 591, 599 Plasmodium, 591 prophylaxis, 599 quartan fever, 591. See Plate VII. quinine, use of, 599 quotidian fever, 592 schizogomy, 593 spiorogomy, 596 tertian fever, 591. 5ee Plate VII. toxin production, 599 Malarial fever, 599 Malarial-like parasites, 601-602 halteridium, 6(X2 hemoproteus, 602 prot€osoma, 602 Mai de Caderas, 548 Malignant anthrax edema, 480 pustule, 480 Mallein broth for glanders, 131 test for glanders, 451 Mallory's method for sniears, 85 Malta fever, 334. See Micrococcus meli- tensis, 334. Margaropus annulatus Say (in Texas fever), 604 Maries method in rabies, 628 Martin's peptone broth, 116 solution, 116 Masto^phora, 26. See Flagellata. Mastoiditis, pneumococcus in, 314 Material for examination, microbiological, 150 handling of, 153 at autopsy table, 153 choice of media, 157 Gram amphophile organi.sms, 155 negative organisms, 154 positive organisms, 155 stain, 153 preliminar>' smears, 153 transference to lalxiratorj', L>i procuring of, 150 equipment for, 150 precautions in, 150 procedures in, 15(J regional distribution of organir^m.", ^ ^ ^ loo sputum washing. 152 McFaidyean-Heine-methylene-bluf' reac- tion, 477 Measles, 536-537 Meat, use of. See Media, culture. 1/2-132. Media, culture of. 92-1:^2 Media, culture of, agar, 93, 115, 116, 118, 120, 123 129-130. 132 ameba, 132 beef extract, 116 blood drop, 123 chocolat^e, 123 definition of, 93 Uver, 129 in media, 115 for milk work, 130 sodiiun oleate, 129 used, 118 alkaline reaction to inhibit growth, 128 alkaline-egg, for cholera, 128 Andrade's indicator in, 128 anilin dves to inhibit growth, 125 Ixjef extract, 92, 96 beer- wort, 132 in bi-hexoses, 121 for blood flagellates, 131 media, 123 Bordet-Gengou, 120 brilliant green (for colon-typhoid group), 126 Andraae's indicator in, 126 colonies af t«r incubation on 127 dilutions of, 126 fluid media containing, 128 formula for, 126 inoculation of, 127 poroiw trapped plites, 126 selective action of dye, 12^) standardization of, 127 broth, nutrient, 95, 121 calcium broth, 121 carbohydrates, addition of, 121 carbonate broth, 121 clearing, 107 coagulate<l albumin, 94 serum, 122, 123 Conradi-Drigalsky, 126 Dieudonn Vs m#;dium (for cholera;, 128 dig(»«t prrxlucts for l«wic agar, (for crjlon-typhoid gn>up;, 128 digestion meat m^niia, 116, 117 diHinfection tertts. .SV Syntlwrtic meclia, 12^). egg mfrrlia, IIS prrjtein, 124 Endf>-mwlium, m^KJifirrations for wlon-typhoid group. 125 enriching Hulwtanwrs, 121 pn»[K>rtion« for, 122 fenwnfation fubr-«, \iY.i filtern, 107 \^'TktM(l 113 Hiichwrr furirioh. 107 rarr; of. 1 13, 111 T'luirriUrrland, 113 I>iiiltori, 113 \\'t\. wat'T fiirim'!.*-. 107 \nx\t*'T pulp in, UJH rulture of, filtration of. 113 Media, culture of, r super-centrifuge, 108 1 fluid, 92, 93 fonnuls and uses of, 115 gelatin in solid media, 93, 115 general considerations, 92 glycerin ef[g (Lubenau), 119 potato, 119 gentian-vioiet-eKg for inhibiting I growth, 125 hemoglobin, containing, 123 meth Hottinger agar, 117 tioi broth, 1 16 indicalore, 100 older Pbv. ionization, 97. See Hydrogen- ion concentration. Ringer's 8 lactose bile (for water, shellfish retention and sewage), 130 124 liquid media, 115 RusaeU's* Utmus, 101 126 milk, 118 Sabouraui liver agar (for gonococcus), 129 aaccharoei broth (for water, shellfish and sewage). 130 serum, 12 Locke's solution, 121 Loffler's blood serum, 94. 122 SffC for malarial organisms, 131 mallein broth (for glandera), 131 inslantfl, Martin's peptone broth, 116 sodium ol solution, 116 BoUd, 93, meat. 115 special, 1^ infusion, 92 standard] without, 118 Btan;h (to methods of inoculating, 138 steriliiatii of preparing, 95 tracti metbytene-biue-eosin agar, 126 for milk, 118, 129 mono-hexoBes in, 121 for moulds, 132 hiatoi neutral red lactose peptone, 130 sugar-free nitrate broth, 118 sjTithetic, nut rose, 124 titration ( war Mubstitute tor, 124 at bo pectin, teat for, 93 at ro lientoees in, 121 tissues in, peptic digest, 117 frMh. peptone, 92 f solution (Dunham's), 118 f Petroff, 125 f Fh values. 99 he«te phenophlhalein, 101 prepa pilon, 128 toxin brot plain egg, 118 dipht polyhydric al^hcls, 121 polysaecharids. 121 tetani potato broth. 124 1 juice, 124 tri-bexosa preparation of, for use, 108 liypainbr for protozoa, 131 Uschiwiky reaction, 96 vitamin a) end. lOfi for water • hvdr<«en-ion concentration, for ywstB, 96 INDEX 771 Meningi tides (intracellularis), micro- coccus of. See Meningococcus. Meningitis. See Meningococcus. pneumococcus in, 314 Menmgococcus, 321-326 agglutination of, 322 carriers of, 321, 324 colonies of, 322 color, 322 crystals, 322 complement fixation in, 321, 324, 326 cultivation of, 322 on glucose ascitic agar, 322 on fiver medium, 322 variation in power of, 322 on vitamin agar, 322 diagnosis of, 322 bacteriological, 326 by complement fixation, 326 differential, to distinguish from gonococcus, 326 by sugar reactions, by, 326 epidemic, serum therapy in, 658 groups, 323 infections complicating, 324 isolation of, 321 in meningitis, cerebrospinal, 321, 326 other organisms exciting, 326 pneumococcus in, 325 morphology of, 321 other Gram-negative organisms re- sembling, 326 pathogenesis of, 324 presence of, 324 in blood, 324 in herpes, 324 in nasal cavity, 324 in urine, 324 resistance of, 322 to disinfectants, 322 to heat, 322 to light, 322 varieties of, 323 West tube, use of, 324 Mesophilic organisms, 55 Metachromatic areas, 38 granules. 37 Methylene-blue-eosin agar, 126 Micro-aerophilic diphtheroids, 357 Microbal growths, products of, 60-^5 aromatic products, 64 indol, 64 phenol, 64 skatol, 64 tyrosin, 64 bacteroids in leguminous plants, 65 chemical effects of, 61 decomposition of {qX», 64 fermentation, 61 catalysts, 61 defimtion of, 61 enzymes as agents of, 61 alkaline product^), 61 characteristics of, 61 diastatic, 62 Microbal |;rowths, products of, fermenta- tion, enzymes as agents of fat- splitting, 62 inverting, 62 oxidizing, 62 proteociastic, 62 rennin-likc, 62 formation of acids, 65 from alcohol, 65 from carbohydrates, 65 of gas, 65 free nitrogen, 65 heat, 61 light, 60 nitrification, 64 photogens, 60 pigment production, 63 chromogenic fimction, 63 fluorescent, 63 lipochromes, 63 poisonous products. See Chap- ter VII. putrefaction, 64 definition of, 64 effect of oxygen, 64 products of, 64 reduction processes, 64 sulphuretted hydrogen, 64 Microbes in alimentary tract, 350 aerobes, 360 anaerobes, 360 oxygen tension, 360 Microchemical reaction, 51 Micrococcus catarrhalis, 326-327 cultivation of, 327 in bouillon, 327 in dextrose serum, 327 in gelatin, 327 in nutrient agar, 327 in serum agar, 327 distinguished from meningo- coccus, 327 location of, 327 microscopic appearance of, 326 pathogenesis ot, 327 vaccine therapy in, 327 lanceolatus. See Pneumococcus, 308- 320. melitensis, 334 biology of, 335 clinical symptoms of, 335 colonies of, appearance of, 335 cultivation of, 335 diagnosis of, 335 by agglutination, 335 discovery of, 334 distribution of, 334-335 in blood, 335 geographical, 334 in urine, 335 morphology of, 335 pathogenesis of, 335 resembling gonococcus, 334 tetragenous, 295 morphology of, 295, 296 occurrence of, 295 772 INDEX Micrococcus tetragenous, pathogenesiB of, 296 z3anogens, 335 Microorganisms, capacity of, invasive, 159 chemical composition of, 50 qualitative, 51 quantitative, 50 microchemical reactions, 51 classification of, 2^-42, 285 bacillus, 32 capsule, 34 diplobacilli, 33 envelope, 33 staining of, 36 streptobacilu, 33 higher bacteria, 41 actinomyces, 42 cladothrix, ^ description, 41 leptotnrix, 42 nocardia, 42 reproduction among, 42 streptothrix, 42 moulds, 27-28 fungi imperfecti, 28 general characteristics, 27 mycomycetes, 27 ascomycetes, 27 asco6ix>res, 27 basidiomycetes, 27 conidia, 27 phycomycetes, 27 chlamydospores, 28 conidia, 28 hyphffi, 28 oicUa, 28 Xrangium, 28 ction of, 28 asexual fruiting organs in phycomycetes, 28 oomycetes, 28 oospore, 28 sexual, 28 zygomycetes, 28 zygospore, 28 nomenclature, 27 yeasts, 28, 284 blastomycetes, 28 comparison with fimgi imperfecti, 28 classification, 26 division of, 29 nucleus in, 29 endogenous spores, 29 enzyme action of, 29 invertase, 29 maltase, 29 zymase, 29 forms of, 29 general characteristics, 26 pathogenic, 285 refraction of, 29 size of, 29 Microdrganisms, classification of, yeasts, schizosaccharomycetes octoeponis, 29 - staining of, 30 vitality of, 30 working outHne of, 26 commensals, 51, 158 cultivation of, 132-146 alkali production in^ 145 anaerobic methods of, 141 albolene, use of, 143 Btichner's methods, 142 in inverted plates, 142 Kipp apparatus (hydrogen), 141 Novy jar, 141 pyrogallic acid, 141 shake cultures, 143 Wright's method, 142 Zinsser's methods, 142 aromatic products, 146 cholera-red reaction, 146 cultures of, pure, to obtain, 132 capillary method, 134 colonies, 133, 134, 135 appearance of, 135 counting of, 137 discrete, 133 fishing of, 134 enrichment methods, 135 Hansen's method for yeasts, 134 Bottchers moist cham- ber, 134 India ink method (Burn), 134 in plates, 132-143 dilution method, 134 errors, possible, 134 incubation, 133 Petri dishes, 133 platinum loop, 133 needle, 133 pour, 133 streak, 133 study of, 135 ferment action in, 145 fermentation of carbohydrates, 145 food, 144 inoculation, methods of, 138 incubation, methods of, 140 apparatus, 140 meihods, 140 nitrate production, 145 oxygen requirements, 141, 144 pigment production, 145 smphuretted hydrogen, 145 toxin production, 146 transplanting, 140 Vosges-Proskauer reaction, 146 effects of surrounding forces on. parasitic, relation of host to, 158 pathogenicity, 158 permanence of species, 25 physiological characteristics of, 36 motility, 36, 37 Brownian movements, 37 chemotaxis, 37 pedesis, 37 true, to ascertain, 37 Xd of, 37 tion, 37, 38, 39 degenerative forms in, 38 fission, 37, 38 in B. diphtherise, 37 involution forms, 38 metachromatic granules in, 37 segmentation, 39 Microorgam'sms, physiological character- istics of, reproduction, un- favorable environment for, 38 spores, 40-41 arthrospores, 40 endospores, 40, 41 examination of, in hanging drop^ 41 formation of, 41 germination of, 41 endosporiiun, 41 equatorial, 41 polar, 41 quantity in infection, 160 toxin, capacity to produce, 159 endo-, 170 endocellular, 170 exo-, 170 exocellular, 170 virulence and toxicity, 159 variations of, 159 Microphages. See Phagocytes, 216. Microscope, 67-72 aberration, 67 chromatic, 67 spherical, 67 dark-ground illumination, 71 diffraction, 67 focussing, 70 objectives, 67 achromatic. 67 aplanatic, 67 apochromatic, 67 parts of, 61-71 Abb^ condenser, 69 adjustments, 69 coarse, 69 fine, 69 diaphragm, 68 objective, 67 oculars, 67 reflector, 68 stage, 68 Microscopic methods, 72-75 blood films, preparation and staining of, 74 cover-glass, 74 slide, 74 cover-slips, cleaning of, 74 film preparation, 72^75 drying of j 74 examination of, 75 fixing of, 74 mounting of, 75 staining of, 75 washing of, 75 hanging block, 73 drop, 72 mass, 73 Hill's procedure, 73 India ink method (Burri) for Tr. pallidiun, 75 preparation of microbes for examination, 72 smear, 73 preservation of, 86 774 im Microscopic methods, spread, 73 Microsome, 47 Mioroaporo, 279 Mieecher's tubes, 588 Milk, 6S4r-703 bacteria in, 684 live, deleteroiu efTecU of, 689 methods of eatimatii^, 685 direct smear, 685 ftdv&ntt^es of, 685 disadvantages of, 685 standard nutrient ag&r plate method, 6S4 multiplication of, under varying conditions, 697 numerical estimation of, 684 pathogenic properties of, 688 sources of, 687 temperature, influeuce of, on multiplication of, 694 varieties of, 686 bacterial contamination of, 693 conclusions as to relative importance of, 693 bacteriology of, related to disease, 684 c^re of bottles. 746 cleanliness, influence of, 698 contagious diseases transmitted by, 701 diphtheria, 702 scarlet fever. 702 septic sore throat, 702 trembles, 701 tuberculosis, 702 typhoid fever, 702 films, 74 general conclusions, 099-702 grading of, 703 heating of, effect of, 691-693 pasteurisation of. 696. 745 development of bacteria in heated milk, 696 directions for, 746 sterilization of, 745 streptococci in, 688 Mitotic fission, 44 Monilia, albicans (in sprue), 285, 287 Monotricha, 36 Mordants, 77, 78 Mosaic disease of tobacco, 531 Mosiiuil^, anopheles, 591 Jellow fever, 634 ity of microorganisms, 36, 37 Moulds, 277-285 classifiration, iSee Classification of microiirgaiiisma, 24. oninyrctes. 277 hyiihoniycetes. 277 myeetcs, 27 mycomyrctes, 27 patht^pnir, 277 achorion schoenleinii, 281 as[)dwlius, 277 fumigatus, 277 nodiJous, 277 Moulds, pathogenic, clavioeps puri 277 ergot poisoning, 277 favus, 277 characteristic growtt treatment for, 282 fungi imperfecti, 277, 283 furfur, microsporon, 2S2 cultivation of, i cial,283 distribution of, 2t lesions of, site of. staining of, 283 treatment of, 283 mucor corjTobifer. 277 penicillum minimum, 277 pityriasis veraicolor. Sre Fi 282. ringworm. Se^Trichopbytoi sporothrix, 283 agglutination, 284 beiirmanni, 283 complement fixation, ' cultivation of, 284 lesions of, 283 morphology of, 284 schenkii, 283 treatment of, 283 tinea. 5m Trichophyton, trench foot, 277 trichophyton, 278 examination of, 278 living specimens, permanent spedi 278 morpholocy of, 279 megaloepora. 279 microepora, 279 tinea. 278-279 circinata, 278 syc< 5,279 tonsurans. 279 37 Muller solution, fixative, 87 Mumps, 536. See Filtrable virus. Muscarin, 169 Mycet«s, 27. Sre Moulds. Mycetoma, 523-524 Mycoderma, 715 Mycomycetes, 27. Ste Moulds. H8comycet«s, 27 ascospores in, 27 basidiomycetes, 27 conidia, 27 Myoneme striations, 47 Myonemes, 43 Myxoeporidia, 588 in arthropods, 589 characl«nstic8 of, 5S9 INDEX 775 N Nauana, 548 Necrosis. See Anaphylaxis, 229-242. Needles, 138. Fig. 47. Negri bodies, staining of, 86. See also Rabies, 531, 614. in rabies, 614. 617 smear method, 613 Neisser stain, 79-80 Neufeld method for opsonic index, 221 Neurin, 169 Neurocytes hydrophobiae, 615. See Rabies, 614. Nitrate broth, 118 production, 145 of silver, 723 Nitrates and nitrites, 714 Nitrification of soil, 711 Nitrobacter, 711 Nitrogen fixing bacteria, 712. See Soil bacteria, 70^713. Nitrosococcus, 711 Nitrosomonas, 711 Nocardia. See under Trichomycetes, 41-42. Nomenclature, 27 Nona, 535 Non-microbal proteins, 208 antigen for, 209 serum for, 209 of vegetable origin, 209 Nose organisms, 156 Nosema. See Sporozoa, 587-590. bombycis (in silkworm disease), 589. Fig. 186. lophii Doflein (in sea-devil), 589 Novy jar for anaerobes, 141 Nutrose broth j 124 war substitute for, 124 Nyctootherus faba. See Ciliata, 590. Opsonins, bacterio tropins, 218 immune, 218 non-microbal cells for, 224 normal, 217 relation of, to phagoc>'tosis, 216 Optimum temperatures, 55 Organelles, 43 Orojra fever, 606 Osmic acid as fixative, 86 Osmosis, 58 plasmolysis, 59 plasmoptysis, 59 Oxygen requirements for microorganisms, 141, 144 Oysters. See Shellfish, 704-708. OiDiA, 28. 285 Oidium albicans, 287 Oil of turpentine, 728 Oleate-blood agar (for isolation of influ- enza), 457 Oocysts, 594 Ooldnet, 603 Oomycetes, 28 oospore, 28, 287 Ophthalmia due to yeasts, 242 gonorrheal, 328, 331 Opsonic action, 219 demonstration and measurement of, 219 index, 221 accuracy in determining, 222 applications of, 222 in vaccine therapy, 223 Neufeld method, 221 Wright method, 221 Opsonins, 217 Parasite, 51, 52, 159 commensal, 159 facultative, 52 malarial, 594 strict, 52 Paratubercular dysentery, 443 Paratyphoid, 396. Se^ also BaciUus paratyphosus. carriers, 396 communicability of, 397 cultural reactions of, 399 avidity factor, table showing, 399 Bacillus abortus equi, 398 cholera; sius, 397, 398 enteritidis, 398 paratyphosus A, 398 B, 398 C, 398 pestis caviffi, 398 pullorum, 398 psitticosis^ 398 san^^inanum, 398 tjrpi murium, 398 Paretic curve, 574 Pasteur filters, 681 treatment for rabies, 623-624 PasteuriziUiion of milk, 696, 745-746 P6brine, historical note on, 21 Pectin, test for, 93, 94 Pedesis, 37 Pelamyxa palustris, 48 Pellagra, 540 Pelvic organs, organisms in, 156 Penicillum minimum, 277 Pentoses in media, 121 Peptone. See Media, culture, 92-132. Peritoneal fluid, organisma found in, 155 Peritricha, 36 Permanence of species, 25 Peroxide of hydrogen as disinfectant, 724 Petri dishes, use of, 133 Petroff method for tubercle bacilli, 429 Pfeiffer phenomenon, 210 Phagocytes, 216 chemotaxis, 217 macrophages, 216 Phagocytes, microphagee, 216 Pnetunonia, difJo proceasea, in en proceaaea, 217 vuiations in activity, 218 inn in 01 inp 720 in lobar, Fhotogens, 60 observed Ph values, 99, 118 pathogen Phytotoxia, 184 inio o^tanisms, 36. See under Micro- pneumoc organisms. grov salt solution, 73 mori Pigment production of mierofirganisma, ^145 pat^ precipita Pilon, 128 todi Ton Firauet test, 430 tolii Pityriasis versicolor, 282 serums,^ Plante, bacterial diseases of, 716 stainingi toxin pre Plasmoptysis. See Opsonine, 68. types of, rapu Plating methods, 132 vaccines, application of, 135 varieties Plectridium, 41 virulence Pleural fluid, organiBms found in, 155 atUi Pleurisy, 314 of, 531 rest* Pneumococcus. See Pneumonia, diplo- Pocken. See Sma COCCUBof. Poisons. See Toj Poliomyelitis, epit bacterial diagnosis of, 317 serum tb bile and bile salts, action of, 311 Goldhom'a staii biolt^ffof, 310 in bronchopneumonia, 310 Polymastigida (or LambBaintes determination of typea of, 317 caloi from sputum, 317 cultural, 317, 318 desc inl« mouse inoculation, 317, 319 precipitable substance. Trichomonas 317-318 horn from urine, 319 groups of, 316 growth of, 310 Poroapora gigante on blood ^ar. 310 Poulton-Berkefeld serum, 310 onbouiUon,311 on calcium broth, 311 antibodies in on gelatin, 311 on Hiss' serum-water, 311 antigen for. 2 decompo inulin, action on, 311 1 in milk, 311 208 reeiatano immunity to, 320 in crystalline definition of, (other than lungs), 314 development 1 in arthritis, 314 group and spi I in conjunctivitis, 314 for non-micni INDEX 777 Precipitins for non-microbal proteins, antigen for, 209 serum, 209 vegetable, 209 precipitation, 205 precipitinoids, 205 prezone phenomena, 205 reaction, 205^ 206, 209 application of, practical, 206 medicolegal use of^ 209 to identify source of blood stains, 209 technic of, 206 similarity to agglutinins^ 209 Precipitinoids. See Precipitins, 205-209. Prevention of disease, 23 war results, 23 Products of microbal growth, 60-65 Proteolytic action of microorganisms, 145 Proteosoma, 602 Protista, 24 Protozoa, 42-29 characteristics of four grousp, 45 1. amebsB (amebioa), 48 binucleata, 48 chromidia, 48 contractile vacuoles, 48 definition of, 48 Pelanyxa palustris, 48 pseudopooia, 48 false in trichomonas, 49 reproduction, 49 2. ciliata, 50 conjugation, 50 pathogenicity, 50 structure, 50 3. flagellata, 45 amsogamy, 47 autogamy, 47 contractile vacuoles, 47 cystostome, 47 diplasome, 47 flagella^ 45 pnmary, 45 secondary, 47 isogamy, 47 kinetonucleus, 47 Leishmania, 48 microsome, 47 myoneme striations, 47 trypanosoma, 47 description of, 47 habitat of^ 47 reproduction of, 48 life cycle of, 48 T. quiperdum, 48 undulating membrane, 46 4. sporozoa, 49 characteristics of, 49 distinct, 49 habitat of, 49 porospora gigantea, 49 cytoplasms, of, 42 definition of, 42 ectoplasm, 42, 43 entoplasm, 42, 43 Protozoa myonemes, 43 nucleolus, 43 . nucleus, 43, 48 blepharoplast, 44 . chromntin, 43 centrozome, 44 idiochromatin, 43 kinetic, 44, 47 karyozome, 43, 44 linin, 43 nucleolus, 43 paranuclein, 43 plastin, 43 somatic chromatin, 43 organelles, 43 pathogenic, 541. See Flagellata, 541; Leishmania, 543; Trypanozoma, 548. physiological characteristics of, 44 cyst formation of, 45 hypnocjrst, 45 sporocvst, 45 growtn ana reproduction of, 44- fission, 44 amitotic, 44 mitotic, 44 motility of, 44 nutrition of, 44 gastric vacuole, 44 respiration of, 44 contractile vacuole, 44 schizogomy, 44 merozoites, 44 sporogomy, 44 sporozoites, 44 syngamy, 44 autogamy, 45 conjugation, 45 copulation, 45 Pseudopodia, 48 Psychophilic organisms, 55 Ptomaines, 169, 409 Pus, 217 Putrefaction, 64, 710 historical note on, 20 Putrescin, 169 Pyemia, 166 Pyocyanase, 407 Pyocyanin, 407. 408 Pyrogallic acid tor anaerobic methods, 141 Pyrosoma bigeminum. See Babesia bigemina, 603. Quartan fever. See Malaria, 591, Plate VII. Quinine, use of, in malaria, 599 Quinke needle for administration of men- ingococcus serum, 660 Quotidian fever. See Malaria, 591, Plate VII. B Rabies, 531, 614-638. See also Filtrable virus. 778 IN Rabies, complemeiit--biiidiiig teat in, 620 definition of, 614 diagnosis of, 610 do^, symptomB in, 622 funous, 622 historical noU on, 614-615 in humaD beings, 622 length of disease, 623 materials and methods for study, staining of, 616 Negri bodies 614 618-620 cultivation of, 618-619 division of, 618. Plate IX, Fi^. 1. localization of. 620 morphology ol, 617 central bodies, 618 chromatoid gtanulea, 618 large forms, 617 in nerve cells, large, of central nervous system, 618 number of, 618 site of, 618 structure of, 614 paralytic, 622 pathogenesis of, 620-621 preventive messurea, 633 symptoms, stages in, 622 excited (coavulsive), """ melancholic (prodroi paralytic, 622 treatment of, 623 cauterisation of, 632 intensive, 627 by mail, 627 Marie's method, 628 Pasteur's (preventive inocula- tion), 623 original, 623 lal), 6: I Reaction, 96-107. See Media, cu I 132. Receptor, 172-174 orders of, 173 I Red-water fever, organism of, 6< Refraction of yeasts, 29 Regional distribution of microoi 155 Relapsing fever, 536 1 m Panama, 570 spirochetes in, 568, 570 , RepiroducUon of Bacillus diphth . Resistance to infection. iS«e Ii I 181. Rhinoeporidium kinealyi, 588 Rhiiobium (nitrogen-flxing genii Ricin, 184 Rig^' disease, ameba? la, 577 Rinderpest, 531 Ring form of malarial organism, Ringer's solution, 120 Ringwoim. See Trichophyton, fungus, 88 complement fixation of; examination of, 88 living specimens, 8 permanent specinM Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Rodents as disseminators of plague, 472-474 Romsnowsky stain for blood wo Ross stain for malarial organism Rubella, 537 Russell's double sugar medium. by serum, antirabic, CQ9 ill elTects of, 631 constitutional, 631 local, 631 preparation of, 629 rcsulla of, 630 virus, 624 attenuation of, by drying cord, 624 effect of chemical and phys- ical agents on, 620 fixed, modified by dialysis, 628 rapid drying of, 627 imit, definition of, 630 Radium, influence of, on micro6r| Saboukadd'b medium, 132 Saccharom^rces busse, 235, 715 cerebiun Hansen, 286 discovery of, 20 tumefaciens, 285 in winee and beere, 715 Saccharomyoetes, See Yeasta, ; Saccharose peptooe water, 128 Saprophytes, facultative, 52 Sarcins, 32 Sarcocystis, 587 miescheri, 589. Fig. 188. tendla, 589. Fig. 187. Sarcoma, chicken, filtrable vim Sarcosporida, 589 cyst, 590 description of, 589 Mieecheri's tubes, 589 pathogenicity of, 590 Rainey's tubes, 589 sarcocystin, 590 sarcosporidioeis, 590 spore formation, 590 in trophozoites. Si in uncooked infected meat. Saturated alcoholic solutioDS, 7( Sauerkraut, 715 INDEX 779 Scarlet fever, 537 transmitt^id by niilk, 702-703 Schick reaction, 180, 353, 354 Schizogomy, 44 Schizonts (in malaria), 593 Schizosaccharomycetes octosi)onis, 29 Selective action of dye, 126 SemiHsolid media, 95, 116 Septic sore throat transmitted by milk, 702 tank, 681-682, 713 Septicemia, Bacillus influenzse in, 460 gonococcus in, 332 Sera, antibacterial, 225 concentration of, 227 cross-protection and strain iden- Shake cultures, 143 tity, 228 ' Sheep pox, 607 by antibody absorption, 228 Shellfish, 704-708 Serum water (Hiss), 122 Sewage, 677 bacteria in, 713 ammonia, action on, 714 nitrates and nitrites, 714 in septic tank, 713 varieties of, 714 bacteriological examination of, 677 for streptococci, 677 disposal of, 681 farming of, 714 self-purification of, 681 septic tank, 681, 713 variations of media for, 130 Sexual reproduction of moulds, 28 by other methods, 228 general methods in production of, 225 preparation of vaccines, 225 dosage, 225 horses, use of, 225 protection test, technic of, 227 selection of strains, 225 for therapeutic purposes, 225 titration of, 226 Serotoxins, 242 Serum, immune, 271-275 obtaining of, 272 standardization of, 273 technic of, 274 titration of antibody content, 274 of unknown, 275 media, 122 sickness, 237 therapy, 656-672 advisability of, 656 antianthrax, 672 antistreptococcic, 661 antiplague, 672 of baciUiary dysentery, 661-662 convalescent blood in scarlet fever, 662-663 diphtheria antitoxin, 663-668 gas gangrene, 671 dosage of, 671 injection of, mode of, 671 procedure of, 671-672 recommendations from French as to, 672 thorough surgical, 671 specificity of 671 time of application of, 671 in lobar pneumonia, 656 in menin^tis, epidemic, 658-661 administration of, 659 directions for use of, 659 Quinke needle, 660 in poliomyelitis, 672 tetanus antitoxin, 668 Yersin's serum. See Antiplague above. Imcteriological examination of, 704 clams, etc., 708 media for, special, 130 oysters, 704 economic importance of, 704 pollution of, 704 artificial purification, 704 standard methods for exam- ination of, 705 in shell. 705 Bacillus coli, deter- mination of pres- ence of, 706 dilutions, 706 media, 706 presumptive tests, 706 bacterial counts, 706 score, 707 technical procedure, 706 shucked stock, 708 typhoid epidemics due to, 704 relation of, temperature to, 705 Silver impregnation method for spiro- chetes, 85 Sleeping sickness, 548. See Trypanosoma 548-549. Slides, cleansing of, 74 hollow ground, 72. Fig. 12. Smallpox. 536, 607-613 alliea diseases, closely, 607 definition of, 607 etioloey of^ 608-610 classincation of, 608 granules in filtrate, 608 vaccine bodies in rabbit cornea, 608 in sections, 609 technic of, 609 historical note on, 607 immunity to, 610 protective substances after vaccina- tion, 610 vaccination, necessity for, 608, 610 Smallpox vaccine, prepantloaof, 610-613 ' Spirodtetes, moi care of, 611-612 trepoikei coUection of, 612 m» keeping of, 613 Beedvinis,610-fill psUida. Set 561-564. testiog of, 612 Schaudinn's, for potency, 613 spinmemaw for purity, 612-613 balaniU. Smear, 73 Cilil Smegma baciUus, 444 Sodium oleate agar, 129 berbery Soil. 683 carteri ( BaciUus coil in, 683 bay). proteuB vulgaris in, 710 subtilisin, 710. 5« Fig. 211. cultures duttoni. bacteria, 709-713 (in carbon compounde, splitting of, filtrabili 709 pUinor denitrificationby, 711 immuoi nitrificatioDby, 711 morpboi obermei nitroeococcua, 711 ss aEobact«r, 713 ^tili> BaciUus radidcola, 712 ini 712 refnnge rhiEobium, 712 ini nitrogenous compounds, decom- poBitionof, 710 staining Vincent offices of. 709 A type form, characterisUcs of, 710 staining of, i with soil minerals, 713 Solid media. See Media, culture. 92-132. microde first uae of, 22 Somatic chromatin, 43 paUidun Sour milk, types of, 363 aciduhc Eroup, 364 Bacillus Bulgaricus, 364 buttermilk. 364 Sporangium. Se Spore fonnation Spores, asexual-li lactic acid miUu, 363 in BacUlus m commercial vdrietiea of, 364 in bacterial 1 Koumyss, 364 Madsoun, 364 ia malignant Zoolak, 364 staining of, t South African horae sickness, 533 in tetanus, 4 Speciia, 24 true, 40 types of, 41 of pus, 151 Sporocyst, 45 Spectrum rays, influence of, oo micro- Sporogamy, 44 organisma, 57 Sporothrix, 283 SpiriUi, 32. .See also Cholera spirillum, Bchenkii,28a Sponuoa. See 1 607-516. SpiriUum, finklcr-prior, 517 Eimeriasliei Spirochetes, 558-564 ooccidiu classification of, 558, 568 Cristispira balbianii, 559 nuclear material in, 559 rfaii in frambesia, 560 5 insect carriers of, 570 mouth, 560 nosema, INDEX 781 Sporozoa, Eimeria stiedse, sarcosporidia, 588 Sporozoites, 44 in malarial organism, 598 Spotted fever, Rocky Mountain, 539 Spread, 73 Sprue, 287 Sputum. 152, 155 pathogenic organisms found in, 155 washing of, 152 Staining. 75-86 acia-fast bacteria, 82. See Resist- ance to, 77. of capsule, 80, 81 decolorizing agents, 77 extraction of fiitty bodies for, 77 of flagella, 82 general principles of, 75 mordants, 77, 78 nature of microbes to, relation of, 77 of Negri bodies, 86 resistance to, 77 chemical constitution, due to, 77 envelope, due to, 77 of spirochetes, 84 India-ink method, 75 Silver impregnation method, 85 for sections, 85 for smears, 85 of spores, 81, 82 Stains, 75-87 anilin, basic, 76 dyes in, 75 for Bacillus diphtheri^e, 79 Beckys method, 79 for blood, 83 Jenner, 84 Leishmann. 84 Romanowskv, 83 Ross for malarial organisms, 85 Wright, 84 carbol-fuchsin, 78 carbol-gentian-violet, 78 carbol-methylene-blue, 78 copper sulphate method. Hiss's for capsules, 80 eosin-methylene-blue, 83, 85 Giemsa, 83 for spirochetes, 84 Goldhom, 78 for spirochetes, 84 Goodpasture's, for tissues, 87 Gram, 79 Nicolle's modification of, 79 Heidenhain's iron-hematoxylin, 86 Hermann' (for spores), ^ Huntoon's method for capsules, 81 Koch-Erhlich's anilin water solution, 79 Loffler's method for fiagella. 82 Bunge's moaification of, 82 for tissues, 87 methvlene blue, 78 Mallory, for smears, 85 for tissues, 85 Stains, Neisser, 79-80 polychrome methylene blue, 78. See also Goldhorn, 78. saturated idcoholic solution, 76 Van Ermengen method for fiagella, 82 .Welch's glacial acetic acid method for capsules, 80 Ziehl-Neelson solution, 78 Standard methods for milk analysis, 684 Standardization of vaccine, 637 Starch medium (for meningococcus), 129 Staphylococci, 32. 5ee also 28^296. Staphylococcus (pyogenes), 289-296 albus, 294 epidermides, 294 aureus, 289-296 I * acids produced by, 291 I biology of, 290 ! growth of, 290 morphology of 289 occurrence of, in man, 293 pathogenesis of, 291 pigpoient formation, 291 staining of, 285 toxic substances of, 293 staphylolysin, 293 resistances of, 291 vaccine, 294 citreus, 295 other varieties, 295 Steam disinfecting chamber, 741 Sterilization. See Media, culture, 92-132. Stich reaction, 430 Straus reaction, 447 Streptobacilli, 33 Streptococci, 32. See also 296-307. Streptococcus, 296-307 agglutinins, production of, 306 bacteriological diagnosis of, 306-307 complement fixation, 267, 306 erysipelatus, 297 hemolytic, 299 pyogenes, 299 arthrospores, 299 biology of, 300 cultivation of, 300-301 development of hemolytic substances, 301 duration of liife of, outside body, 301 hemol}rsis of, 299 inulin, effect on, 301 milk, 301 morphology of, 299 resistance of, 301 staining of, 3(X) hydrogen-ion concentration, influ- ence of, 298 immunity to, 305 methemoglobin, production of, 297 mitior, 297 morphology of, 296 mucosus, 297 capsulatus, 297 non-hemolytic, 301 occurrence of, 296-297 303-304 in man, 302 imthogenceis of, 302 pncumococcus, 297 ID scarlet fever, 303 in septic sore throat, 303 in septicemia. 307 serum, immunized, 305 influence on other a 305 n animals, Tetanus antitoxin in prevcntl preparation of, 306 strength of, 305 BUSceptibiUty to, 304-305 toxic substancee, production of, 304 tumors, effect on, 304 types of, 297, 298 vaccines, 306 viridans, 297 Streptathrix. See Trichomycetes, 41-42. Structure of bacteria, 34 Sublimated alcohol as fixative (tissue), spores in soil, 6S:J ' toxin, 176, 4S7 Tetrads, 32 I Tetragenoiis liacillus, 2^8 : Texas fever, 602. See Babesia ' Thermophilic microbes, 55 Throat, organisms found in, 15i Thniflh, 287 Tick fever. See Texas fever, 6 Tinea. See Trichophyton, 278 circinatA, 278 sycosis, 279 tonsurans, 279 57 Surra, 548 Syngamy, 44 Synthetic media, 120 Syphilis, 256, 565. See also Treponema pallidum. Colle's law, 565 coUoidal gold test, 567 color changes in, 567 diagnosis of, 256-257 immunity, natural, 665-566 passive, 566 iuetin, 566 types of reaction, 665 paretic curve, 567 Schaudinn's spirochetes in, 565 symptoms of, 565 Tabakdiixo. See Typhus fever, 537, Taxis, 37 Technic. See Material for examination, 150-157. Temperature, accomodation to, 55 effect of, 56 high, 56 thermal death point, 56 Tetanolysin, 176 TetaDospaamin, 176 Tetanus antitoxin, 489, 668-671 admiaiatration of. methods of, 668 intraspinal, 669-670 intravenous, 668 for cure of tetanus, 668 tor immunization, 671 ^ *, 279 Tissues, S6-S8. 123 examination of microorgan fixing of, 86 in absolute alcohol, 86 in corrosive subliniat« in formalin, 86 in Hermann's fluid, 86 in oemic acid, 86 in sublimate alcohol, i in Zenker's lluid, m hardening of, 86 imbedding of. 86 in media, 123 staining of, 87 Goodpasture's stain, 8 in influenza baciUi, 87 Loffler's method, 87 I Titration of media, 101-102 Tobacco, curing of, 716 Torula,285. 5ee Yeasts. [ Toxemia, 336 Toxin, 175-181 brath, 130. 131 capacity of microorganiani duce, 159 chemical nature of, 176 endo-, 175 I exo-, 175-181 ' cfaancterialics of, examples of, 175 extracellular, 175 L+ dose, 176 LOdoee, 176 measure of action, 176 media for production, 146 methods o{ precipitating, 1 of producing, 177 M. L. D., 177 molecule, 176 haptophore portion of, toxoid, 176 toxon. 176 toxoptiore group of, li nature of, 176 non-microbal origin of, 184 phytotoxin, 184 abrin, 184 crotin, 184 ricin, 184 zootoxin, 184 INDEX 783 Toxin, non-mi crobal, origin of, zootoxin, venoms, 184 special affinities for, 177 structure of, 176 tetanus, 176 tetanolysin, 176 tetanospasmin, 176 theories of Ehrlich, 178 vegetable, 184 Toxin-antitoxin immunization, 354, 667 Toxoid, 176 Toxon. 176 Toxopnore group in toxin molecule, 176 Trachoma, 329. 465, 537 Prowazek oodies in, 465. See Koch- Weeks' bacillus. Transplanting, 140 Trembles transmitted by milk. 698 Trench fever, 532. See Filtraole virus. foot, 277. See Moulds. Treponema pallidum, 561 cultivating of, 563 examination of, in fixed prepara- tions, 562 India ink method in smears, 562 silver impregnation method in sections, 562 historical note on, 561 immunity to, 564 morphology of, 561 motility of, 562 pathogenesis of, 563 animal inoculation, 563 spontaneous, 563 resistance to, 56^3. in syphilis, 561 in chancres, 564 lesions of, 564 primary, 564 secondary, 564 tertiary, 564 Trichloride of iodine as disinfectant, 725 Trichobacteria, 41. See Trichomycetes. Trichomonas vaginalis, 574 hominis Davaine, 574 Trichomoniasis, 574 Trichomycetes, 518-529 actinomyces^ 519 animal inoculation, 522 actinomycosis, cause of, 520 characteristics of, 523 treatment of, 523 colonies of, in tissues, 521 description of, 520 isolation of, 522 microscopic appearance of, 521 occurrence of, 522 ray fungus, 519 cladothrix, 518 asteroids, 519 branching forms of, 518 cladothrix liquefacicns, 519 p^wth of, 518 infectious, 518 classification of, 518 Trichomycetes, leptothrix buccalis, 518 infections, 518 nocardia (streptothrix), 518 in case of general infection at Presbyterian Hospital, 525 animal inoculations, 528 autopsy of, 526 cultures of, 527 media, 527 description of, 525 microscopic examination of, 526 morphology of, 528 spore formation of, 528 stoning of, 527 in cerebral abscess, 526 in cerebrospinal meningitis, 524 in lung diseases, chronic, 529 nocardiosis, cause of, 525 in pneumonic areas, 524 in rat-bite fever, 529 treatment, 529 tuberculosis, lesions resembling, 524 Trichophyton, 278 Tricresol as disinfectant, 728 Tri-hexoses, 121 Trypanosoma, pathogenic forms of, 548 blood examined for, 548 carriers, insect, 550, 552 Chagas disease, 550 characteristics of species, com- parative, 550 carriers, insect, 552 cultivation of, 553 c3rtoplasm, 551 myoneme fibrils in, 551 nuclear apparatus, 551 morphology of, 551 motility of, 551 reproduction of, 552 shape of, 551 cultivation of, 553 dourine, 548 T. equiperdum in, 548 in galziekte, 548 glossina. See Tsetse fly, 548. historical note on, 548 mal de Caderas, 548 in nagana, 548 Tsetse fly, transmitted by, 548 reproduction of, 552 scnizotrypanum, 550 causing thvroiditis, 550 in sleeping sickness, 548 Trypanosoma gamhiense duttoni in, 548 rhodesicnse in, 550 in surra, 548 Trypanosoma brusoi, 550 cvansi, 553 lewisi, 548 Trypanosomiasis, 554 complement fixation, 557 diagnosis of, general, 555 tionrf blood. 555 Unit of complei of bemolysi of cerebrospinal fluid, 556 Unit«d Stat«s. inoculation test in, 556 (1901)onyel Unknown unmu pathogenesis of, for man, 554 for vertebrates, 554 prophylaxiB of, 556 Urinary tract, I senim therapy in, 556-557 Bymptoras of, 554, 555 tion of, 374-3 Urine, isolation 391 DeoBBivaraan in, 556 of tube salvarean in, 556 Uschuwfcysme. Trypsin broth 117 Tubercle baciliua. See BacilluB of tubei^ Useeofcomplen Uta, 647 culosis, 411-139. Tuberculin, 429-130 bacilluH emulsion 431 bouillon filtrate (Denya), 431 Vaooiwes, bact« broth, 269 forBa. Calmett«, ophthahnic t«t of, 431 dy cattle, testing of, 432-433 bodies diagnoeia by, 431 dilutions, 432 catarrl: combin Koch's Old, 431 for enc for epi< von Ptrquet test, 431 for foe. aubcutaneouB test (Stich reaction), forglai 430 forgoD 647 use of, care in, 429 for infl Tuberculosis, See Bacillus of tubercu- ep losis, 411-439. lipo.,6 transmitted by niilk, 702 foTme. Typhoid fever, 673, 677, 678, 683, 702, 704. See BaciUus typhoeua. • tb 378-394. bacillus isolated from water, 678 miscelL milted epidemics of, in relation to non-sp< oysters, 704 pertuM to water, 673, 677 plague, transmitted by mdk, 702 Typhus fever, bacillus of, 537. Ste pneum' of, 3: polyva trable virus. poteno: prepan U in Undetermined etiology, diseases of, 539 rel^ chicken pox, 540 reactioi peUa™, 540 due to, deficiency in diet, do 540 nei Rocky Mountain spotted fever, inrhini 639 insmal dermacentor vcnustua. See standai Woodtick, 539. insUpl virus transmitted by, 539 instrei vemigft peruviana, 540 gnat, transmitted by, 540 phlcbotomus verrucarum, 540 thersM in tube Unit of antibody, 273 of antigen, 271 typwo INDEX 785 Vaccines, bacterial, in typhoid fever, 386, 648 prophylaxis, 648 saline vaccine, 648 triple vaccine, 650 in typhus fever, 654 use of, development of, 639 Van Ermengen's method of staining for flaeella, 82 Van Giesen's method of staining for Negri bodies, Williams' modification of, 86 Variola, 607 Vegetable proteins, 208 . toxins, 184 Venom, snake, 184 Viability of gonococcus, 330 Vibrio berlionensis, 517 cholera. See Cholera spirillum, 507- 516. ivanoff, 517 massavah, 517 metschnikovii, 517 septicus. 517 Vibrion septique, 494, 496, 499 Vinegar making, 715-716 Viriaans, streptococcus, 297 Virulence, 159 Vitalistic theory, 20 Vitality of moulds, 30 Vitamin agar, 124 Vosges-Proskauer reaction, 146 W War wounds, 499-500, 744 aerobes, 499 secondary injections, in, 499 St. hemoijrticus, 499 anaerobes. 499 Bacillus bellonensis, 499 edemaciens, 499 egens, 499 fallax, 499 hemolyticus, 499 welchii, 499 reading bacillus, 499 vibrion septique, 494, 496, 499 bacterial diagnosis of, 499-500 methods of, 500 reasons for, 499 Dakin's solution, in treatment of, 744 gas gangrene, 499 Wassermann reaction, antigen for, 255. See under Complement, classical, 253 technic of, 255 Water, 673-677 Bacillus enteritidis sporogenes in, 678 bacteriological examination of, 673- 677 collection of samples of, 673-674 colon bacillus in, presence of, 673-677 Water, bacteriological examination of, colon bacillus in, inter- pretation of, 673, 676 si^iificance of, 676 media for, 12^130, 675-676 chemical composition of, 674-675 fermentation tubes, lactose broth in, 675 plates, litmus-lactose-agar, 675 purpose, 673 technic for quantitative results, 683 temperature, 675 drinking, contamination of, 678-679 purification of, 679 domestic, 680 by filters, 681 high pressure, 681 Pasteur, 681 Poulton-Berkefeld 681 low pressure, 681 Bailev Denton,681 on a large scale, 679 by dilution, 679 by filter beds, sand, 679 by filtration plants, mechanical, 680 sea, bactericidal action of, 682 tjrphoid bacillus in, isolation of, 673, 678 epidemics, relation to, 677 Weigert theory, 173 Weil-Felix reaction, 538-539 Welch's glacial acetic method for staining fiagella, 80 West tube, for diagnosis of influenza, 460 use of, in meningitis, 324 Whooping cough, 466 Widal reaction, 196-207 Wildyeasts, 29, 715 Wolffhugel counting plate, 137 Woodtick, 539 Woolsort^r's disease, 481 Worm, Japanese, 286 Wright capillary tubes, 220-221 Xylol for clearing sections, 87 Yaws. See Framl>esia tropics, 567. Yeasts (saccharomycet^s), 285-287 classification. See Microorganisms, 28-30. imperfect, 285 monilia, 285 oidia, 285 saccharomycetes, 285 torula, 285 cultivation of, 285 m ^ Yeasta, media for, 132 pathogenesis of, 285 coccidioides imitis. 286 "Japaoese wonn, 286 morilici albicauB, 287 sprue, in, 287 oldium albicans, 287 oSepora, 287 Baccharomyces busse, 286 cerebisis Hansen, 286 tumefadena, 2S5 thrush, 287 "wild," 29, 715 Yellow fever, 633-638. See also Fil- aedee calopus, conveyed by bite of, 633. Fig. 203-208. definition of, 633 fomites, not conveyed by, 633 histori<^ note on, 633 leptoepira icteroides (spirochete), Ziehl-Neel£ Zoolak 360 Zootoxin, 184 Zygoroycetes ZygoBporea, '. Zygote, 596 Zymase, 28 Zymogens, a Zymophore, LANE MEDICAL LIBE G175 Parle, W.H. f2Z Pathogenic 1920 microSrganlsms. 95357 NAMB DATE DUB — — • ... -. 