None
Branpr recommends a 1 : 8000 solution of Bismarck brown; also (Biol. Centralb., 1, 1881, p. 202) ‘a dilute solution of hematoxylin,” Curves (op. ctt., pp. 21, 226, 264, and Zool. Anz., iv, 183], pp. 208, 287) found that living Infusoria stain in weak solu- tions of cyanin, Bismarck brown, dahlia, violet 5 B, chrysoidin, nigrosin, methylen blue, malachite green, iodine green, and other tar colours, and hematoxylin, The solutions should be made with the liquid that constitutes the natural habitat of METHODS FOR INVERTEBRATES. 477 the organisms. They should be very weak, that is of strengths varying between 1 : 10,000 and 1: 100,000. For cyanin, 1 : 500,000 is strong enough. As to the staining of the Nucleus, see Przesmycxi, Biol. Centralb., vii, 1897, p. 821; and as to that of the Granula, the same author, Zeit. wiss. Mik., xiii, 1896, p. 478. Also Lorsez, § 208, EHvamination in a colowred mediwm in which the organisms do not stain, but show up on a coloured background is some- times helpful. Crrres (Bull. Suc. Zool. de France, xiii, 1888, p. 230) recommends solution of anilin black—Infusoria will live in it for weeks; Fasre-Domeraue (Ann. de Microgr., ti, 1889, p. 545) concentrated solution of diphenylamin blue. 919. Demonstration of Cilia (Wappinaton, Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1883, p. 185).—A drop of solution of tannin, or a trace of alcoholic solution of sulphurous acid, added to the water containing the living organisms. 920. Fixing and Preserving.—For killing by heat see § 13. Pritzner (Morph. Jahrb., xi, 1885, p. 454) used concen- trated solution of picric acid run in wnder the cover. Enrz (Zool. Auz., iv, 1881, p. 575) adds liquid of Kleinenberg to the water containing the organisms in a watch glass. Korscuetr (ibid., v, 1882, p. 217) employs in the same way 1 per cent. osmic acid, or, for Amoebe, 2 per cent. chromic acid. Lanszera (ibid., p. 336) advises the same reagents, but recommends bringing the organisms into the fixing liquid with a pipette. For fixation with iodine (KENT) or iodine vapour (OvERron), see § 83. For sulphurous acid, § 62. Carranso (Bollettino Scientifico, iii and iv; Journ. Roy. Mie. Soc., 1885, p. 538) fixes for a few minutes with } per cent. solution of chloride of palladium. Brass (Zeit. wiss. Mik., 1884, p. 89) employs a mixture of 1 part each of chromic acid, platinum chloride, and acetic acid with 400 to 1000 parts of water. Certes (Comptes rend., \xxxviii, 1879, p. 488) fixes with 478 CHAPTER XXXVI. 2 per cent. osmic acid, or its vapours (10 to 30 minutes). For details see previous editions. Lonaut (Bull. Mus. Zool. Univ. Genova, 1892, No. 4) kills in 10 c.c. of 1 per cent. sulphate of eserin with 1 drop of 1 per cent. sublimate. Scata (Rev. Mus. La Pluta, xv, 1908, p. 57) fixes for 5 or 10 minutes in a mixture of 2 mg. of atropin, 10 drops of formol, 10 grm. of glycerin and 50 c.c. of water. See also Puscaxarew, Zeit. wiss. Mtk., xxviii, 1911, p. 145 (agar process for fixing and staining Amcche). Fon (Lehrb., p. 102) fixes delicate marine Infusoria (Tun- tinnodea) with the perchloride of iron solution ($ 80), added to the water containing them, and stains with gallic acid, § 375. Lo Branco (loc. cit., p. 444) fixes Gregarine with picro-sul- phuric acid (one hour), Vorticelle with hot sublimate, Acinetee with sublimate in sea water, or with osmic acid, ‘Thalassicola with 05° per cent. chromic acid (one hour), Acanthometre and Aulacanthe with 50 per cent. alcohol or with concentrated sublimate, or by adding a little osmic acid to the water. For Spherozoa he proceeds as Branpv, § 922. Zoerar fixes Rhizopoda and Infusoria as Rotatoria, § 886, but without narcotisation. See also FaBrE-DOMERGUE, Ann. de Microgr., ii, 1889, p. 545, and 1890, p. 50; ScHEWw1aKoFF, Biblioth. Zool., v, 1889, p. 5; Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1889, pp. 832, 833; Zosa, Boll. Sez. Pavia, 1892; Zect. wiss. Mik., ix, 1893, p. 485; LAuTERBORN, Zezt. wiss. Zool., lix, 1895, p. 170; ScHAUDINN, ibid., p. 193; BauBrant, Zool. Anz., xiii, 1890, p. 133; KaRAWAIEW, tbid., xviii, 1895, p. 286. 921. Sections —T'he organisms should be strongly fixed, then dehydrated and cleared, and brought into melted paraffin in a small watch glass. After a few minutes therein they are brought on a cataract needle on to a small block of paraffin, and arranged there with a heated needle and sectioned. They may be stained after fixation, or the sections may be stained on the slide, §§ 186 or 187. Entz (Arch, Protistenk., xv, 1909, p. 98) brings the objects from clove oil into clove oil collodion of the consistency of honey, then brings them in this into a funnel made of paraffin, and when they have collected at the bottom of this = METHODS FOR INVERTEBRATES. A79 puts it into chloroform, which dissolves the paraffin and hardens the collodion. See also § 137, and Przusmycki, loc. cit. § 918. 922. Spherozoa—Branot (Fauna u. Flora Golf. Neapel, xiii, 1885, p. 7) fixes with chromic acid of 0°5 per cent. to 1 per cent. (half an hour to an hour), or with a mixture of equal volumes of sea water and 70 per cent. alcohol with a little tincture of iodine for a quarter to half an hour, or with a 5 to 15 per cent. solution of sublimate in sea water. Karawaigw (Zool. Anz., xviii, 1895, p. 286) fixes dulacantha for 24 hours in equal parts of strong liquid of Flemming and acetic acid, and hardens for several days in pure liquid of Flemming. See also Lo Branco, § 920. 923. Sporozoa —WasirLewski (Sporozvenkunde, Jena, 1896, p- 153) studies them living in their natural medium, or in normal salt solution, or in a medium composed of 20 parts white of egg, 200 of water, and 1 of common salt. He fixes Gregarinee and Coccidia with osmic acid, sublimate, or picro- sulphuric acid, and Myxosporidia with liquid of Flemming. Scuaupinn (Zool. Juhrb., Abth. Anat., xiii, 1900, p. 197) fixes Coccidia with a mixture of 2 parts of saturated aqueous sublimate and 1 of absolute alcohol, with, if desired, a trace of acetic acid. Sremee.t (Arch. Protistenk., xvi, 1°09, p. 389) fixes cater- pillars infected with Nosema in two parts of saturated sublimate with one of alcohol and a little acetic acid, and stains sections for as much as four days in Giemsa’s mixture, rinses with alcohol and passes through xylol into balsam. Litaur (thed., i, 1904, p. 311) fixes cysts for a minute in “acetic sublimate,” puts for a minute into absolute alcohol, and stains as a smear with hemalum or iron hematoxylin. Brasit (Arch. Zool. Hxpér., 4, iv, 1905, p. 74) fixes them for twenty-four hours in a mixture of 1 grmn. picric acid, 15 c.c. acetic acid, 60 c.c. formol and 150 c.c. alcohol of 80 per cent., and stains paraffin sections in iron hematoxylin followed by eosin and orange G., or Lichtgriin and picric acid. 924. Hematozoa.—Grass1 (Att. Accad. Lincei, iti, 1900, p- 357) demonstrates the Malaria-parasites in the intestine, 480 CHAPTRR XXXVI. body-cavity and salivary glands of Anopheles by treating them with normal salt solution containing 2 per cent. of formol (pure formol produces swellings), or in a mixture of 15 grm. of salt and 250 c.c. of water with the white of an egg. He fixes with sublimate, makes paraffin sections, and stains with hemalum or iron hematoxylin. He stains the Sporozoites by making cover-glass preparations which are allowed to dry, put for twenty-five minutes into absolute alcohol, and stained by the process of Romanowsxy, § 720. For minute instructions for the application of this process to sections, see Giemsa, Deutsch. med. Wochenschr., xxxvi, No. 12, 1910; and Scuusere, tlid., xxxv, No. 40, 1909 (Zeit. wiss. Mik., xxvii, 1910, pp. 160, 161 and 513). For clinical methods, see Coins, The Diseases of the Bl.iod, London, J. & A. Churchill, 1905. Braprorp and Piimuer (Quart. Jowrn. Micr. Sci., xlv, 1902, p. 452) fix Trypanosomes in vapour of equal parts of acetic acid and 2 per cent. osmic acid, or with GotLanp’s formol and absolute alcohol, and stain with methylen blue and eosin, and mount in turpentine colophonium. Hinpiz (Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., vi, 1909, p. 129) makes smears on cover glasses coated with albumen, fixes for five minutes in liquid of Flemming, passes through water up to absolute alcohol, then for ten minutes into alcohol of 80 per cent. with a good proportion of iodine in potassic iodide, then into 30 per cent. alcohol, and stains with iron hematoxylin or safranin, then with polychrome methylen blue, and lastly with Unwa’s orange with tannin, and gets quickly through alcohol into xylol and balsam. Mincuin (Quart. Journ. Micr. Sct., liti, 1909, p. 762) makes cover-glass smears, fixes them with vapours of osmic acid (with or without acetic acid), and mounts them dry, or in balsam after fixing in liquids and various stains, amongst these that of Tworr. Half-saturated solutions of neutral red and Lichtgriin are mixed, the precipitate dried and dis- solved to about 0-1 per cent. in methyl alcohol with 5 per cent. of glycerin. Three parts of this are diluted with 1 of water, the smears stained for an hour, differentiated with Unna’s glycerin-ether, and mounted in balsam. This stain works best after fixation with sublimate. Poricarp (C. R. Soc. Biol., Ixvii, 1910, p. 505) stains METHODS FOR INVERTEBRATES. P 481 Trypanosomes intra vitam by adding a drop of concentrated solution of neutral red to the edge of a drop of blood spread between slide and cover. 925. Flagellata—LavurrrBorn (Zeit. wiss. Zool., lix, 1895, p- 170) fixes Oeratium for about ten minutes in liquid of Flemming, puts into alcohol for twenty-four hours, brings back into water, bleaches if necessary with hydrogen per- oxide, and stains with picrocarmine or Delafield’s hematoxylin. He also imbeds in paraffin, § 921, and stains sections with iron hematoxylin. Zacuartas (Zool. Anz., xxii, 1899, p. 72) fixes Uroglena, etc., with a mixture of 2 vols. saturated aqueous solution of boracic acid and 3 of saturated sublimate. 926. Stains for Flagella—The Romanowsxy stain will give a red stain of the flagella of some forms. The method of Lorrier (Centralbl, Bakteriol., vi, 1889, p. 209 ; vii, 1890, p. 625; Zett. wiss. Mik., vi, 1889, p. 359 ; vii, 38, 1890, p. 368; Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1889, p. 711; 1890, p. 678) is as follows. To 10 c.c. of a 20 per cent. solution of tannin are added 5 c.c. of cold saturated solution of ferrous sulphate and 1 c.c. of (either aqueous or alcoholic) solution of fuchsin, methyl violet, or “ Wollschwarz.” Cover-glass preparations are made and fixed in a flame in the usual way, special care being taken not to over-heat. Whilst still warm the preparation is treated with mordant (t.e. the above-des- cribed mixture), and is heated for half a minute, until the liquid begins to vaporise, after which itis washed in distilled water and then in alcohol. It is then treated in a similar manner with the stain, which consists of a saturated solution of fuchsin in anilin water (p.177), the solution being pre- ferably neutralised to the point of precipitation by cautious addition of 0-1 per cent. soda solution. See also Ligprranz, Arch, Protistenk., xix, 1910, p. 28. Bonae (Journ. Roy. Mie. Soc., 1894, p. 640; Zeit, wiss. Mik., xii, 1896, p. 96) makes the mordant by mixing three parts of the tannin solution with 1 of liquor ferri sesquichlorati diluted twentyfold with water, and lets the mixture ripen for some days exposed to the air, or (Journ., 1895, pp. 129, 248) adds to it a few drops of hydrogen peroxide, until it 31 482 CHAPTER XXXVI. becomes red-brown, when it is shaken up and filtered on to the cover-glass and allowed to act for a minute. ‘The cover- glass is then mopped up and dried, and stained with carbol- gentian. Koerner and Fiscugr (quoted from Hneyel. mik, Techn, p- 514) make the mordant with 2 parts of tannin, 20 of water, 4 of ferrous sulphate solution of 1: 2 strength, and 1 of saturated alcoholic solution of fuchsin. Warm, let it act for a’minute, rinse and stain with anilin-water-fuchsin, or carbol- fuchsin. Similarly Exiuis (Centralb. Bakt., xxi, 1908, p. 241; Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1904, p. 249), but staining with Siureviolett, 1 part to 75 of alcohol and 75 of water. PeppLer (Centralb. Bakt., xxix, 1901, p. 376; Zeit. wiss. Mik., xviii, 1901, p. 222) makes the mordant with 20 parts of tannin in 80 of water, and 15 parts of 2°5 per cent. chromic acid added gradually. ‘This mordant will keep for months. Rossr (Arch. per le Se. med., xxiv, 1900, p. 297; Zeit. wiss. Mik., xviii, 1901, p. 226) takes for the mordant a solution of 25 grms. of tannic acid in 100 of caustic potash of 0-1 per cent., which will keep indefinitely. The stain is Ziehl’s carbol-fuchsin, § 289. Cover-glasses are prepared with a drop of culture, dried, and treated with 1 drop of the mordant and at the same time 4 to 5 of the stain, allowed to remain for 15 to 20 minutes, washed, and mounted. See also Centralb. Bakt., xxxiii, 1908, p. 572 (Zeit. wiss. Mik., xix, 1903, p. 517). Gumettr (Centralb., xxxiii, 1908, p. 816; Zeit. wiss. Mik., xix, 1903, p. 516) mordants for 10 to 20 minutes in 0-025 per cent. permanganate of potash, rinses and stains for 15 to 80 minutes in a mixture of 20 parts 0°75 per cent. aqueous solution of calcium chloride and 1 part of 1 per cent. neutral red solution. A method of Pirriztp is described by Kunpaut, Journ. app. Mic., v, 1902, p. 1836 (Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1902,p. 502), The mordant consists of 10 parts of 10 per cent. tannin solu- tion, 5 parts of saturated sublimate solution, 5 of saturated solution of alum, and 5 of carbol fuchsin. Mordant for a minute with heat, and stain with a mixture of 2 parts satu- rated aqueous solution of gentian violet with 10 of saturated solution of alum. METHODS FOR INVERTEBRATES. 483 Van Ermencem (Jowrn., 1894, p. 405) fixes for a few minutes with a mixture of 1 part 2 per cent. osmic acid, and 2 parts 10 to 25 per cent. solution of tannin, washes, treats with 0°25 to 0°5 per cent. solution of nitrate of silver, then for a few seconds with a mixture of 5 parts gallic acid, 3 of tannin, 10 of acetate of soda, and 350 of water, then puts back again into the silver for a short time, then washes and mounts. See also Swepuens, ibid., 1898, p. 685, and Gordon, ibid., 1899, p. 235, and the methods of Trenxmann (Centralb., vi, 1889, p. 483; Zeit. wiss. Mik., vii, 1890, p. 79) ; Brown (Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1893, p. 268) ; Junien (ibid., 1894, p. 403); Scravo (Zeit. wiss. Mik., xiii, 1896, p. 96) ; Hussurr (ibid., p. 96); Murr (Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1899, p. 235) ; McCrorts (cbid., 1897, p. 251; he stains for two minutes in a mixture of equal parts of concentrated solution of night-blue, 10 per cent. solution of alum, and 10 per cent. solution of tannic acid) ; Zerrnow (ibid., 1899, pp. 662, 66-4); Morrow (tbed., 1900, p. 131) ; Wenexe (tbid., p. 132); Levaprri, C. RB. Soc. Biol., lix, 1905, p. 826 (for Spirochete pallida, Ramoy’s neurofibril stain); Mutrowskxy, Mtinch. med. Wochenschr, lvii, 1910, No. 27; Kaus, ibid., No. 26 (Zeit. wiss. Mih., xxix, 1912, pp. 123, 124; both for Spirochexte). APPENDIX. 927. Chemicals, Stains, and Apparatus.— Addresses from which it is recommended that these be obtained are given in § 11. 928. Cleaning Slides and Covers—New ones should first be soaked in one of the following liquids: strong sulphuric, hydrochloric or nitric acid, or aqua regia, or a mixture of an ounce each of sulphuric acid and bichromate of potash with from 8 to 12 ounces of water, then washed first with water and lastly with alcohol, and dried with a clean cloth. For wsed ones, if a balsam mount, warm, push the cover into a vessel with xylol or other solvent of the mount, and put the slide into another vessel with the same, leave for a few days, and then put into strong alcohol. If this is not sufficient, treat as for new ones. Some persons boil in lysol, which I do not find efficacious. For the final treatment, see p. 121. 929. Gum for Labels —Labels stuck on glass often strip off. This may be avoided (Marpmann, Zeit. Angew. Mtk., ii, 1896, p. 151; Journ. Roy. Mic. Soc., 1897, p. 84) by means of the following adhesive: 120 grammes of gum arabic are dissolved in a quarter of a litre of water, and 30 grammes of gum tra- gacanth in a similar quantity. After a few hours the tra- gacanth solution is shaken until it froths, and mixed with the gum arabic solution. Strain through linen and add 150 grammes of glycerin previously mixed with 24 grammes of oil of thyme. Puirce (Journ. app. Mic., ii, 1899, p. 627; Journ, Roy. Mic. Soc., 1900, p. 404) finds that if the end of the slide be painted with a thin solution of balsam, it may be written on with ink when dry, and the record preserved by a second coat painted over it. For other receipts see early editions. INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. A. ABBE, mounting medium, 244: Absolute alcohol, 59—61, 235 Acanthocephali, 462 Acetate of copper, 56 Acetate of lead, 381 Acetate of potash, for bluing hema- tein stains, 160; for mounting, 238; refractive index, 235 Acetate of silver, 216 Acetate of uranium, 57 Acetic acid, action in fixing mixtures, 22, 23—24, 45, 54; fixing with, 53; Lo Branco’s “ concentrated,” 54; due proportions in mixtures, 54; various mixtures, 55 et seq.; for decalcification, 280 Acetic acid carmine, 145 Acetic alcohol, 55, 381; ditto with sublimate, 55 Acetic bichromate, 42 Aceto carmine, 145 Acetone, for celloidin imbedding, 105; for dehydration, 4; for hardening, 63; for imbedding, 81; chloroform, 15 ; formol, 67 ; sublimate solution, 48 AcHaRD and ReEynaup, impregna- tion, 213 AcHUCARRO, neuroglia, 442 Acid alcohol, 62 « Acid” dyes, 130 Acid, free, test for, 191 Acid fuchsin, 183 Acid magenta, 183 Acid rubin, 183 Acidophilous elements, 132 Acidophilous mixture, 193 Acids, see Acetic, Chromic, Hydro- chloric, Nitric, Osmic, etc. Acids, Congo red as a test for, 191 Acridin red, 350 Actini, 13, 14, 17, 274, 4'70, 471 Actinida, 470, 471 Actol, 429 ADAMKIEWICs, myelin stain, 418 Addresses, for instruments and re- agents, 10, 11 Adipose tissue, 351, 352 Adjective staining, 133 AGABABOW, elastic tissue, 348 Agassiz and Wuitman, pelagic ova, 305 A@uERRE and Krause, neuroglia, 440 Albumen, examination media, 237, 239; freezing method, 118; in- jection mass, 267 ; section-fixing process, 122, 123, 125; removal from ova, 289, 300 Alcohol, for dehydration, 3; for preservation, 4; for narcotisa- tion, 14; for fixing, 59-62; for hardening, 61; for maceration, 271; removal of, 5; absolute, 61, 235; acetic, 55; one-third, 62; hydrochloric acid, 62; tests for water, 62; table for diluting, 60; ethylic, index of refraction 235 Alcohol balsam, 246 Alcohol, methyl, for narcotisation, 15; refractive index, 235 Alcoholic carmines, 148—150 486 INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. Alcoholic cochineal, 150 Alcoholic formol, 65 Alceyonaria, 472 Alcyonella, 15 Alcyonium, 13 Aldehyde, 428 ALEXANDER, reconstruction, 291 ALFEROW, silver impregnation, 216 ALFIERI, bleaching, 285 Alizarin, artificial, 197; for nerve- tissue, 385, 414; for neuroglia, 327; for mitochondria, 329; intra vitam, 138 Alkanna, for staining, 353 ALLEN, gum and glycerine, 240 ALLEN, methylen blue, 205 ALLERHAND, myelin stain, 417 ALT, axis-cylinder stain, 385 Atrmawn, bleaching, 31; osmicated fat, 352; osmie and bichromic mixture, 37; nitric acid, 39; corrosion, 277; fixatives for nuclei, 3823; bioblasts, 328 Alum, ammonia, solubility, 163 Alum, ferric, 157 Alum-carmine, 142, 143; ditto with picric acid, 145 Alum-hematoxylin stains, 159 et seq.; general characters, 159; bluing them, 159 Aluminium chloride carmine, 144 ALZHEIMER, neuroglia, 441 Amann, lactophenol, 241; high re- fractive medium, 2413 Amber varnish, 252, 253 Ampronn and Hexp, polarisation, 417 Ammar, résine de, 246 Ammonia-alum, 163 Ammonia-carmine, 146; neutralise, 259, 260. Ammonia, chromate of, 44 Ammonio-nitrate of silver, 216, 398 Ammonium molybdate impregna- tion, 227, 401, 402 Amphibia, embryology, 300—3803 Amphibia, larve, 317 Amphioxus, 305 how to Amphipoda, embryology, 313 Amy] nitrite, 258 Amyloid matter, 171 AnpvzEr, phloroglucin, 283 ANvREEW, sulphorhodamin, 138 Anprgs, nicotine narcotisation, 13; Actinie, 14, 471; imbedding squares, 79; Actinida, 471 Anprews, imbedding apparatus, 79 ; osmic acid, 29; blastoderm of Aves, 296 Anethol, 118 ANGLADE and Mors1, neuroglia, 441 Aneus and Co., 10 ANILE, section cutting, 94 Anilin, for clearing, 4, 73, 111; for imbedding, 73; as a mordant, 177; refractive index, 235 Anilin blue, 195, 230 Anilin blue-black, 196, 384 Anilin dyes, generalities, 169 et seq.; and see Coal-tar colours. Anilin green, 170 Anilin oil, see Anilin. Anilin red, 181 Anilin violet, 172 Anilin water, 177 Aniseed oil, 118, 235 Anirscuxow, freezing method, 117; serial sections, 125 Annelids, 458 ; narcotisation, 15, 18, 458, 459 Anodonta, 16 Antenne, 456 Anthozoa, 470 Anthracen ink stain, 437 ApAruy, washing sublimate material, 46; alcoholic sublimate, 48; osmic sublimate, 224; paraffin imbedding, 81, 83; knife posi- tion, 90, 91; knife-holder, 93 ; section-cutting, 96; paraffin mass, 98; gelatin imbedding, 101; celloidin imbedding, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110; serial sections, water method, 121; methods for celloidin sec- tions, 126, 127; hematein mix- INDEX. 487 The numbers refer to the pages. ture I A, 164; alcoholic hemo- toxylin stain, 166; methylen blue, 200, 203, 205, 206, 207; cement for glycerin mounts, 240, 252; maceration, 274; muscle of Vermes, 342; gum syrup, 208, gold chloride, 219, 220, 223, 224; neuro-fibrils, 371, 402; formol mixture, 67; picro-siurefuchsin, 189 ; Canada balsam, 245 ; killing Hirudinea, 460 APEL, Gephyrea, 461 Apparato reticolare of Gouat, 403, 404 Aqueous humour, 237 Araneida, embryology, 312 Arctiscoida, 458 Areolar tissue, 345 Argentamin, 397, 417 Argulus, fixation of, 455 ARGUTINSEY, serial sections, 125 Argyroneta, ova, 313 Arion, embryology, 308 AxknpT, bone, 355 ARNOLD G., fixing mixture, 51; orange method, 190; Dendro- celum, 467 Arnotp, J., neutral red, 191; maceration, 271; glycogen, 320 ; cell granules, 327; mitochondria, 830; kidney, 372 Agnsrpin, methylen blue, 204, 207; gold method, 334; papille foli- ate, 335 ARONSON, nerve-stain, with gallein, 414. Arsenic acid, 283 Artefacts of fixation, 22, 43 Arthropoda, 454—458 ; embryology, 309—313 Artificial alizarin, 197, 327, 329, 385, 414 Artificial fecundation, 287 Artificial serum, 238 Arvom, embryology of Ascaris, 316 Ascaris, fixation, 463; ova, 55, 56, 194, 315 Ascidians, 17,418; gemmation, 306 ; test-cells, 3 6 Asphalt varnish, 251; injection, 268 Asphyxiation, 17 , Assmann, blood, 364 Astacus, embryology, 313 Astervidea, 468; larvae, 469; eyes, 457 ArHanasiu and Dragotv, connective tissue, 346 ArHuson, Annelids, 460 Aruras, Golgi impregnation, 429 AUBERT, cements, 249 AUBURTIN, serial sections, 126 AUERBACH, staining nerve-cells, 385, 389; axis-cylinder-stain, 385 AuGSTEIN, Strongylus, 463 Aurantia, 193 Auricularia, 469 Aves, embryology, 295—298 Axis-cylinder, stains for, 418 et seq. ; structure, 389—403 Azofuchsin, 385 Azosiureblau, 385 Azoschwarz, 196 AzouLay, osmic acid nerve-stain, 227, 416; Golgi’s impregnation, 425 Azur I, azur JI, 200, 365 Azur-eosin, 365 B. Bascockg, celloidin blocks, 110 Basses, safranin, 177, 178 Baxay, cartilage, 358 Baker, C., address, 10 Basiani, methyl green and eosin, 193; embryological methods, 288, 312 ; Protozoa, 478 BauBiani et Hennecuy, Protozoa, 475 BaLLowirz, muscle of Cephalopoda, 342; electric organs, 339, 340; embryologcal methods, 299 Balsam, Canada, 235, 245, 246 Balsam, for imbedding, 116, 117; as a cement, 252 Balsam, Tolu, 235 Balsams, 244 488 INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. Bauzer and Unna, elastic tissue, 847 Barium bichromate, 41 Barngs, Trichine, 463 Barrots, larve of Echinoderms, 469 Barrte., neuroglia, 440° Baryta water, 272 “ Basic” dyes, 130 Basophilous elements, 132 Bastian, gold method, 222 BarTaluuon, ova of Ascaris, 315 Barainuon and Kornuer, methylen blue, 324 Baumearten, bleu de Lyon, 195; carmine and bleu de Lyon, 231 Biveru, decalcification, 232; carti- lage, 357 ; stain, 230 Bayon, neurofibrils, 390 Beate, shellac varnish, 253; injec- tions, 265 ; digestion, 276 Bearp, ova of Raja, 305 Beaucuanmp, Rotifers, 462 Bescx, J., cements, 249 Brecker, microtome, 11 Brvor, Siphonophora, 473 Bee, brain of, 457 Bzzr, medullated nerve, 405 Brarens, G., embryology of Sal- monide, 304 Beurens, W., refractive indices, 234; maceration, 272; cement, 249, 252; clove oil, 71; levulose, 241; biniodide of mercury, 243 Bria Hauuer, maceration, 275 BeLLaRmMinow, injection, 268 BELL, fat, 353 Bewu’s cement, 251 BENARIO, blood, 362 Benpa, nitric acid fixation, 39; iron hematoxylin, 155, 156; copper hematoxylin, 167; Lichtgriin stain, 194; Sdureviolett stain, 194; neuroglia stains, 440; erystal violet, 197; mitochondria stain, 329; centrosome stains, 326; alizarin, 327, 329; secre- tion vranules, 327; rapid myelin stain, 413; retina, 444; picro- siurefuchsin, 189, 344; fatty acids, 353 BENECKE, stain for fibrils, 346 Benrpecentt, formol, 6! BENEDEN, vAN, sublimate solution, 45; acetic acid, 54; acetic alcohol, 55; malachite green, 194; embryology of rabbit, 293, 294; of Tenia, 314; of Ascaris, 316. Benepixt and Kyecut, dyeing, 129 Bengal rose, 192 Benersson, larve of Diptera, 310 Bens ey, fixing mixture, 51; intes- tine, 370; phosphorus, 320 Benzin colophonium, 246 Benzoazurin, 181, 197, 357 Benzol, for clearing, 73; for im- bedding, 81, 83 Benzopurpurin, 191 Benzoyl green, 194: Bera, imbedding, 86 Bergamot oil, for clearing, 71, 235 ; for imbedding, 81 Berau, Annelids, 459 BeErGonzinI, plasma cells and Mast- zellen, 351 BERKLEY, rapid nerve-stain, 413; Golgi impregnation, 428; liver, 871 Berlin blue impregnation, 403 Berlin blue injections, 262, 266 BERNARD, maceration of mollusea, 453 BrERner, fat, 353 Bernueim, gold method, 223 Best, glycogen, 320 Besta, silver stain, 897; intra- cellular network, 404; myelin stain, 414 Brrue, treatment of osmic material, 31; methylen blue, 208 ; neuro- fibrils, 401; stain for chitin, 456; telsons, 456 Berrenvorr, Distoma, 466 Berz, nervous centres, 375, 379 Brvawn Lewis, see Lewis. Bia>co, 8S. Lo, sce Lu Branco, INDEX. 489 The numbers refer to the pages. Bichloride of mercury, see Sublimate. Bichromate of ammonia, 44, 376, 879, 380 Bichromate of barium, 41 Bichromate of calcium, 41, 44 Bichromate of copper, 41, 415 Bichromate of potash, generalities, 41; for hardening, 41; for fix- ing, 40, and hardening, 376, 378, 379, 380; for maceration, 273 Bichromate of silver impregnation, see GOLGI. Bichromate and osmic mixtures, 37, 38 ; other mixtures, 42—44 Bichromate material, action of light on, 41; bleaching, 42, 285 Bichromates, 41 BickFaLvl, digestion, 277 BizpERMANN, methylen blue, 204; nerve and muscle, 337, 338 BIELAszEWics, iron hematoxylin, 158 BiEtscHowsky, neurofibrils, 346, 390, 398, 399 BietscHowsky and BRuEHL, inner ear, 446 BiELScHOWsKY and PULIEN, nerve- cells, 389 BigeLtscHowsky and Wo.Lrr, neuro- fibrils, 398 BiaELow, scyphistomes, 473 Binet, bleaching, 30; ganglia of Hexapods, 457 Bina and ELLERMANN, medullated nerve, 67 Biniodide of mercury mounting me- dium, 243 Bioblasts of ALTMANN, 328 Bronp1, staining mixture, 184; blood, 360 Bipinnaria, 469 Bismarck brown, intra vitam, 136, 188; progressive, 172; regres- sive, 181 Bitume de Judée, 251 Bizz0zERK0, blood-plates, 367 ; glands, 368 BizzozERo and Torre, blood, 363 BszLovussow, injection, 267 Blackley blue, 195 Bladder of frog, 342 Blattida, embryology, 311 Blauschwarz, 191 Bleaching, osmic material, 30; bi- chromate material 42; chromic material, 33; in general, 284— 286; gold material, 225 Buss, fixative, 65; ova of Amphibia 302 Bleu alcool, 195 Bleu Borrel, 366 Bleu carmin, 196 Bleu de Lyon, 195, 230 Bleu de nuit, 195 Bleu lumitre, 195, 230 Buiocuman, series sections, 124; ova of Amphibia, 300; Cestodes, 465; Brachiopoda, 449 Blood, 359—368 Blood-parasites, 479—481 Blue-black, 196, 384 Buum, formol, 64, 65; celloidin im- bedding, 108 BosreEtzky, ova of Lepidoptera, 310 Boccarp1, gold method, 228; stain for nerve-cells, 388 BopeckKER, decalcification, 279, 356 Boeck, neurofibrils, 400 Boum gold method, 222 Boum and Opren, artificial serum ; 237; egg of fowl, 298; bichro- mate, 41; ova of reptiles, 299 Béumer, hematoxylin, 163 Boumice, Turbellaria, 466; Nemer- tina, 464 Bouton, myelin stain, 412; Golgi’s impregnation, 428 Bone, 280—283, 353—357, and see Decalecification. Bonnet, embryology of dog, 294 Bownsy, triple stain, 190 Bonvicrnt, hardening brain, 380 Borax carmine, 148 Borax methylen blue, 324 Borpaag, double imbedding, 115 4.90 INDEX, The numbers refer to the pages. Bordeaux R., 190, 191 Borgert, paraffin imbedding, 79 Borina, ova of Ascaris, 316 Born, section-stretcher, 94; recon- struction, 290, 291 ; ova of Rana, 302 Borreg1, fixing mixture, 39; picro- indigo-carmine, 230 BorReE.’s blue, 366 Bourn, picric formol, 65, 66; subli- mate formol, 66; larve of Runa, 303 ; ova of Salmonide, 304 Bow te, neurofibrils, 397 Bouma, cartilage, 356 Boveri, picro-acetic acid, 58; im- bedding small objects, 289; ova of Ascaris, 316 Boyce and Herpmann, copper, 320 Brachiopoda, 449 Braprorp and Puimmer, trypano- somes, 480 Brapy, chloral hydrate, 238 Braegm, statoblasts, 306 Brain, see Neurological methods. Branca, formol mixture, 66 Branvt, glycerin jelly, 242; infu- soria, 476 ; Spherozoa, 479 Brasit, Sporozoa, 479 Brass, paraffin, 81, 99; Protozoa, 40, 477 Bravn, mounting medium for Nema- todes, 463; Turbellaria, 466; Zoantharia and Aleyonaria, 472 Bravs, fixation by injection, 25; ova of Selachia, 305; liver, 370 Brazilin, 228 Brecxner, double imbedding, 114 Breautia, nerve stain, 414 Bremer, methylen blue and eosin, 193 ; Cox’s sublimate impregna- tion, 433 Bressiavu, Mesostomide, 314 Brillantschwarz, 191 BRINKMANN, paraffin imbedding, 85 Brissy, freezing, 117 Bristou, bleaching, 30; Hirudinea, 460 Brock, maceration, 273 Bromay, reconstruction, 291 BrookovER, myelin stain, Golgi impregnation, 430 Brown cement, 250 Brown, flagella, 483 Bricks, Berlin blue, 262; digestion, 277 Brug, embryology of Diptera, 310 BRUvuL, corrosion, 277 Bron, glucose medium, 240 Bruno, mucus glands, 368 Brunortl, gelatin imbedding, 100 Brunswick black, 251 Bryozoa, 16, 449, 472; statoblasts, 306 BucHNER, 324 Bupag, injections, 268 Buds of Ascidians, 306 BvuEuLER, staining nerve-cells, 389 Bugor, Veretillum, 472 Bumpvus, thyme oil, 72; celloidin sections, 112 Bunag, stain for flagella, 481 Burcuarpt, E., bichromates, 41, 376; paraffin, 99; fixing mix- tures, 41; pyroligneous - acid - carmine, 145; pyroligneous - acid-hematoxylin, 164; methyl green, 170; serial sections, 121; neuroglia, 442 BurckHarpt, brain of Protopterus, 382 Birarr, Nemertina, 464 BurzynskI, gelatin imbedding, 101 Buscu, osmic mixture, 82; nerve- stain, 416; eosin, 231; decalcifi- cation, 280; glycogen, 320 Bussg, celloidin, 103, 104, 106, 108 Burscuu, acid hematoxylin, 163; iron hematoxylin, 159 Buzzi, eleidin, 333 407 ; accessory chromosome, Cc. Caps, gastric glands, 370 CasaL, Ramon y, see RamOn ¥ CaJAL. Cajeput oil, 72 INDEX. 491 The numbers refer to the pages. CaLBERLA, methyl green, 170; ditto and eosin, 193; indulin, 195; glycerin mixture, 242 Calcium chloride, 235, 238; bichro- mate, 41 Causa, picro-indigo-carmine, 230 Cauvet, Bryozoa, 449 Cambridge microtomes, 10, 11 Camsal, camsal balsam, 247 Canada balsam, index, 235; for im- bedding, 116; for mounting, 245, 246 ; as a cement, 252 CANFIELD, iris, 342 Caoutchouc cement, 249, 251 Capitellide, 15, 459 Capsicum, extract, 353 Carazzr, peroxide of sodium, 285 Carbol pyronin, 183 Carbolic acid, index, 235; for clear- ing, 73, 111 Carbolic fuchsin, 181 Carbon sulphide, refraction, 235 ; for imbedding, 82 Carbon tetrachloride, 81, 82 Carbonic acid for narcotisation, 18 Carmalum, 144, 146; with indigo- carmine, 230 Carmine, generalities, 141, 142; analysis, 141; stains in general, 142; formule for stains, 142 et seg.; aqueous, 142; alcoholic, 148—150; combination stains, 229—231 Carmine blue, 196 Carmine solutions, to neutralise, 259, 260 Carminic acid, 141 Carnoy, cajeput oil, 72; acetic al- cohol, 55; Congo red, 191; salt solution, 286; tannin solution, 239; cement, 253; micro- chemical reactions, 319 Carnoy and Lresrun, ova of Am- phibia, 300; ditto of Ascaris, 315; micro-chemistry, 320, 321 CarpenTsErR, freezing, 117; section grinding, 115; cements and varnishes, 249 CaRRIERE and Buraer, ova of Chali- codoma, 611 CaRrtTER, injection, 261 Cartilage, 356—358 Cassia oil, 71, 235 CasTELLARNAU, DE, Ophiuridea, 468 CastLe, ova of Ciona, 306 Castor oil, 235, 248 Catots, methylen blue impregnation, 435 CatTtanszo, palladium chloride, 52; Protozoa, 477 CauLusry, Ascidians, 448 CausarD, injection of spiders, 458 Caustic soda or potash, see Soda and Potash. Cavazzani, hematoxylin and Siure- fuchsin, 232 Cavattié, electric organs, 339 Cedar-wood oil, index, 235; for clearing, 70; imbedding, 81, 82, 83; for preserving, 5; for mounting, 245; for dissecting in, 8 Cell division, see Cytological me- thods. Celloidin imbedding, 102 et seq. ; generalities, 102, 103; prelimi- nary preparation, 103; celloidin bath, 104; imbedding, 105; orientation, 106; hardening, 106 —108; preserving blocks, 108; fixing blocks to microtome, 109 ; cutting, 110; clearing and mounting, 110; the new me- thod, 112; Gilson’s rapid, 112; the dry cutting method, 113; celloidin and paraffin method, 114 ; injections, 268 Celloidinum inelasticum, 103 Cells, paper for mounting, 250 Cells, study of, see Cytological methods. Celluloid injection mass, 269 Cement for celloidin blocks, 109 Cements and varnishes, 249 e¢ seq. Central corpuscles, centrosomes, ete., 158, 325 492 INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. Central nervous system, see Nervous centres and Neurological me- thods. Cephalopoda, 450; embryology, 307; : eyes, 451 Cercarie, 466 Cerebrum, cerebellum, see Neuro- logical methods. CERFONTAINE, Amphiowus, 305; As- caris, 316; Lumbricus, 459 CrrTzs, Infusoria, 476, 477 Crs ris-DEmMEL, blood, 363 Cestodes, 464; embryology, 314 Cheetopoda, 458 —460 Chalicodoma, ova, 611 Cuampy, mitochondria, 328 Cute, dehydration apparatus, 3 Chemicals, 11 CHENZINSEY, methylen blue eosin, 193 CuicHKorr, Turbellaria, 467 CuILp, ova of fishes, 304; removal of albumen, 289 CHILESOTTI, nerve-stain, 384: Chilopoda, 455 Chinablau, 196, 405 China blue, 196, 405 Chinolinblau, chinolin blue, 195 Chitin, 278, 455, 456 Chiton, eyes, 452 ; embryology, 309 Chloral hydrate, for narcotisation, 15; preservative solutions, 238, 240, 243; for maceration, 275 Chlorate of potash for maceration, 274 Chloreton, 15 Chloride of aluminium carmine, 144 Chloride of calcium, 235, 238 Chloride of copper fixative, 56 Chloride of gold, see Gold chloride. Chloride of iridium, 52 Chloride of magnesium, narcotisa- tion, 17 Chloride of manganese, 237 Chloride of osmium, 52 Chloride of palladium, for fixing, 52 ; for staining, 227, 418; for de- calcifying, 280 and Chloride of platinum, 51; mixtures, 38, 40, 52, 289, 322 Chloride of ruthenium, 227 Chloride of sodium, see Salt. Chloride of vanadium stain, 435 Chloride of zine, 53, 381, 436 Chlorine for bleaching, 284 Chloroform, for narcotisation, 14; for clearing, 73; for imbedding, 81, 82, 83, 84 Cholesterin, 333 Chondriokonts, 328 Chondriosomes, 328 é Choroid, 285 Chromate, neutral, of ammonia, 44 Chromate of lead impregnation, 227 Chromate of silver, see Goual. Chromates, 40 Chromatin, reactions, 319 Chromatin stains, defined, 1380; the coal-tar, 169—181; cytological, 3824 Chromatophily, 132, 135 Chrome hematoxylin, 166 Chromic acid, generalities, 32 ; fixing with, 82; washing out, 32; hardening with, 34; action of light, 33; mixtures, 38 et seq., 40, 67; for maceration, 273; for decalcification, 280, 283 Chromidia, 328 Chromium fluoride, 408, 410 Chromium sulphate for hardening, 380 Chromo-acetic acid, 35 Chromo-aceto-osmic acid, 35—87; for decalcification, 288 Chromo-formie acid, 35 Chromo-formol, 67 Chromogen, 439 Chromo-nitric acid, 39; for bleaching, 286 Chromo-osmic acid, 35 Chromo-picric acid, 59 Chromo-platinic mixture, 40 Chromo-sublimate, 50 Craccio, C., sublimate mixture, 48 ; fat, 351 INDEX. 493 The numbers refer to the pages. Craccio, G. V., gold method, 222; corpuscles of Golgi, 341; cornea, 336 CiaGuinsxk1, myelin stain, 418 CiecHANOWSKI, liver, 370 Cilia of Infusoria, 475, 477 Ciliated epithelium, 453 CILIMBARIS, muscle-spindles, 338 ; elastic tissue, 348 Cinnamon oil, 71, 235 Ciona, 17, 306 Citrate of silver, 216 Cladocera, 313 CLARKE’s spirit-proof cement, 251 Clasmatocytes, 351 CuauDIvS, vegetal dyes, 229 Cleaning slides and covers, 121, 484 Clearing, generalities, 5, 68 et seq ; clearing agents, 70 et seq.; practice of, 69; choice of an agent, 70; celloidin sections, 110; paraffin sections, 98 Clove oil, for minute dissections, 8, 41; refractive index, 235; for clearing, 70; for imbedding, 81; for differentiating stains, 175 Coal-tar colours, 169 et seq ; regres- sive staining with, 173 ; progres- sive ditto, 170; cho of, 169; chromatin stains, 170—181; plasma stains, 182 Coes, differentiator, 3 Cocaine, narcotisation, 16 Coccide, 456 Coccidia, 479 Cochineal, generalities, 141; aqueous, Partscu’s, 143; CzoKor’s, 148; Rasv’s, 144; alcoholic, Mayzr’s, 150; iron, 146 Cochlea, 445—447 Coz, Miracidia, 315 Ccelenterata, 470—-474 Ccerulein, 194 CouNHEIM, gold method, 220 Cog, freezing method, 118 Coleoptera, embryology, 311 Couss, parolein, 248; malaria para- sites, 480 Collagen, 344 Collargol, 400 Coun, Criodrilus, 459 Coutin and Lucien, intracellular network, 404 Couuiner, pelagic ova, 305 Collodion for fixing sections, 123, 124, 125—128 Collodion imbedding, 102 et seq.; and see Celloidin Collodionisation of sections, 95, 383 Colloidal gold, 401 Colloxylin, 103 Colophonium, for imbedding, 116; for mounting, 246 ; index, 235 ; cement, 252 Colour-acids, 130 Colour-bases, 130 Couuccl, balsam, 246 Comatula, larve, 469 Combination stains, 228 et seq.; carmine combinations, 229; hematein ditto, 231 Congelation imbedding methods, 117 Congo red, 191, 385, 418, 474;— Corinth, 191 Conx.LIn, ova of Crepidula, 308 Connective tissues, 344 e¢ seq. ConsER, Bryozoa, 449 Cooling paraffin, 87 Copal, section method, 115; varnish, 253 Copepoda, 454; embryology, 313 Copper, detection of, 320 Copper, sulphate, 43, 303, 473; chloride and acetate, 56; im- pregnation, 227, 437; nitrate, 57, 67 Copper formol, 67 Copper hematoxylin, 167 Corals, 472 Corallin, 181 Cori, narcotisation, 15; cocaine, 16; keeping osmic acid, 28 ; chromo- aceto-osmic acid, 86 Cornea, 278, 331, 335 Corwina, Krohnthal’s impregnation, 434; medullated nerve, 405 494 INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. Corpuscles, tactile, 334; of Herbst and Grandry, 334; of Meissner, 335; of Golgi, 340; of Meissner and Krause, 335 Corti and Ferrara, pyronin, 183 Corrosion, 268, 277, 278 Corrosive sublimate, see Sublimate. Cotton blue, 196 Coupier’s blue, 195 Cox, Nissl’s stain, 387, 389; medul- lated nerve, 405; sublimate im- pregnation, 433; neurofibrils, 403 Creasote, index, 235; for clearing, 73,111; imbedding, 81 CREIGHTON, glycogen, 320 Crepidula, 308 Cresyl violet, 197, 389 Crinoidea, 469 Cristatella, 15 Crustacea, 454; embryology, 313 Crystal violet, 197 Crystalline, 336 Csokor, cement, 252; bone, 355; and see CzoKor. Ctenophora, 474 Cuccati, soda carmine, 146 Cupric sulphate for fixing, 48, 473; for staining, 227 Curarisation, 317 CurRRERI, toning bath, 431 CurscHMANN, amyloid matter, 171 Cyanin, 195 Cyanide of mercury, 381 CyButsry, gold impregnations, 225 Cyclas, ova, 309 Cytological methods, 317 e¢ seq.; living cells, 317; fresh cells, 818; microchemical reactions, 319, 320; fixing agents, 321; chromatin stains, 324; plasma stains, 325; granules, 327 ; cen- trosomes, 325; nucleoli, 324; for nerve tissue, 386 Czoxor, cochineal, 143 ; turpentine cement, 252 D. Danni, fat, 352 Da Fano, neuroglia, 441 Dauuaren, sublimate, 51; double imbedding, 114 Dahlia, 180 Daxin, injection of Acephala, 452 Damar (dammar), gum, 235, 246 DanrscHakoFF, serial sections, 125 DaviporFr, ova of Distaplia, 306 Siphonophora, 473 Davis, injection, 261 De-alcoholisation, 5, 68 choice of an agent, 70 Decalcification, 279—283 Decapoda, 454; embryology, 3138 Decker, section-stretcher, 94. Derxcxg, encephalon, 380, 383 Derianprg, fat and lecithin, 351 DéseERINE, sections of brain, 383 Dez Groot, serial sections, 121; iron- carmalum, 146; picro-magnesia carmine, 148; alcoholic hema- lum, 165 Dehydration, 2—5 DEKHUYSEN, eé seq. ; silver impregnation, 216, 217; bichromate mixture, 43 ; blood, 361, 367; salt solu- tion, 237 DELAFIELD, hematoxylin, 163 Detags, Turbellaria, 466; larve of sponges, 475 DrLamare, connective-tissue stain 346 Dexa Rosa, injection, 267 Deiia VALE, ova of Orchestia, 313 Deltapurpurin, 191 Dewnpy, Geonemertes, 464 DenkER, corrosion, 277 Denne, paraffin imbedding, 84; orientation, 87 Depigmentation, 284 —286 Dz QUERVAIN, nervous tissue, 374 Desilicification, 283 De Veccui, celloidin, 105 Dz Wirt, elastic tissue, 348 Dewitz, injection of molluses, 452 Dextrin freezing mass, 118 INDEX, 495 The numbers refer to the pages. Differentiation, optical, by fixation, 20, 22, 37 Differentiator, Cobb’s, 3 ; Haswell’s, 3; Cheatle’s, 3; Schultze’s, 4; Kolster’s, 4 Diffusion apparatus, 3 Digestion, 276, 277, 320 Dimmer, serial sections, 124 Dina er, mitochondria, 330 Diomiporr, nervous tissue, 381 Diptera, embryology, 310 Dissz, stain for dentine, 358 Dissections, minute, 6, 8 Dissociation, methods of, 270 Distaplia, 306 Distoma, Miracidia, 315; staining, 466 D6vDERLEIN, Echinoidea, 468 DoaieEt, methylen blue, 200, 203, 205, 207, 209, 210 ; corpuscles of Herbst and Grandry, 334, 392 ; corpuscles of Krause, 335; cor- puscles of Golgi, 341; vlfactive organs, 335; iris, 342; retina, 444, Dosey & Co., address, 11 D6uiKEN, formol imbedding method, 118; soap imbedding, 100 Donacia, ova, 311 Donaaaio, tin hematoxylin, 168; neurofibrils, 402 DoNALDSsON, nervous centres, 381 DosTo1EWwsky, iris, 342 Double imbedding, 114 Double stains, see Stains, combined. DoyéreE, Arctiscoida, 458 DrascH, gold impregnation, 220 DreEvw, eleidin, 333 DREYER, nervous system of Nudi- branchiata, 451 DrizssEn, glycogen, 320 Drost, epithelium of mollusca, 453 DRvENeR, fixation by injection, 25; osmic sublimate, 50; Ehrlich- Biondi stain, 185 Dvusoscq, blood, 361; Golgi impreg- nation, 428 DUBREUIL, connective tissue, 345 Duercx, elastic tissue, 345 Duerven, Actinie, 471 DveEsBERG, mitochondria, 328, 330 Duwnuay, celloidin sections, 111 Du Puxzssis, Nemertians, 464 Dorie, Golgi’s impregnation, 427 Duvat, collodion imbedding, 102, 103; silver impregnation, 215, 217; carmine and anilin blue, 230; embryology of birds, 295, 297; hardening brain, 380; pur- purin, 229 Dyes, basic, acid, and neutral, 130; vegetal, 229 E. Ear, inner, 445 Eau de Javelle, 278, 285; Eau de Labarraque, 278, 285 EBNER, von, decalcification, 282 Echinodermata, 18, 467—470 Echtgriin, 405 Epina@er, liquid of Erlicki, 43, bleaching, 33 Epineton, blood, 362 Eggs, of fowl, 295 e¢ seg.; and see Embryological methods. EHLERS, fixative, 35 ExRENBAuUM, section grinding, 116 Exruicu, acid hematoxylin, 164; classification of dyes, 132; tri- acid mixture, 187 ; acidophilous mixture, 193 ; mixture C (eosino- philous), 193 ; indulin-aurantia- eosin, 193; neutral red, 191; methylen blue, 200, 203; Mast- zellen, 350; plasma cells, 350; quinolein blue, 195; eosino- philous cells, 193; blood films, 359 Exruicu and Lazarus, glycoyen, 320; neutral dyes, 131 Exaruicu-BionpI-HEIDENHAIN stain, 184, 344 EurmMann and JapAssoun, plasma fibrils, 332 Eiceuer, labyrinth, 447 Ermer and Amenp, address, 11 496 INDEX. The numbers refer to the pages. ErsaTH, neuroglia, 441 Eisen, iridium chloride, 52 ; osmium chloride, 52; Ehrlich - Biondi stain, 186; ruthenium red, 227; Brazilin, 228; gum Thus, 248 EIsenBeERG, fat, 353 Ersia, alcohol narcotisation, 15; Capitellide, 15, 459; chromo- platinic mixture, 40; macera- tion, 273 E1smonp, quieting Infusoria, 476 Exman, Brachiopoda, 449 Elasthematein, 348 Elastic tissue, 344, 846—348; of spleen, 371 Electric organs, 339 Electrification of paraffin, 97 Eleidin, 333 Exuis, flagella, 482 Exscunia, celloidin, 104 Embryological methods, 287 e¢ seq.; generalities, 287—291; Am- phibia, 300; Arthropoda, 309— 313; Aves, 295-298; Bryozoa, 806 ; Echinodermata, 469 ; Mam- malia, 291—295 ; Mollusca, 307— 309 ; Pisces, 303—306 ; Porifera, 475; Reptilia, 299; Tunicata, 306; Vermes, 314—316 Emery, injection, 267 Encephalon, see Neurological me- thods. ENGELMANN, isotonic liquids, 237; epithelium, 453 Enriquss, liver of Mollusca, 450 Entire objects, preparation of, 8 Ewrz, orientation, 87; Protozoa, 477, 478 Kosin, 192; with hemotoxylin, 281 ; with methyl green, 193 Eosin and methylen blue, 193 Eosinophilous mixture, 193 E petra, ova, 312 Epidermis, 331 Epithelium, 331 ; renal, 372 ; ciliated, 453 Eppinasr, liver, 370 Ergastoplasm, 327, 328 Eruarp, glycogen, 320 ERLANGER, VON, ova of Ascaris, 315 Exuick, liquid of, 43, 378 ERMENGEM, VAN, stain for flagella, 483 Ernst, horny tissues, 334 ERReERA, nigrosin, 181 Erythrosin, 192 Essences, sce Oil, and Clearing. ETERNOD, paraffin blocks, 89 Ether, for narcotisation, 14, 317 ; for preserving, 5 Eucain, 16 Euparal, 247 Everarp, Dremoor, and Massart, hematoxylin and eosin, 232 Ewa tp, capillary siphon, 4; section- washing apparatus, 4; blood, 360 Examination and preservation me- dia, watery, 234238; mercurial, 239 ; various, 2389-241; glycerin, 241; jellies, 242; resinous, 244— 248; high refractive liquids, 243, 244 Exner, medullated nerve-fibres, 416 Eycuesuymer, celloidin imbedding, 106, 111, 112 Eyes, of Mollusca, 451, 452; of Arthropods, 457; of Asteroidea, 468; of Turbellaria, 467 F. Fasru-DomeEraug, syrup, 238; glu- cose medium, 240; Protozoa, 477, 478 FarircuHiLp, washing cylinders, 4 Faserstasn, nerve - endings, 335; hematoxylin nerve-stain, 436; Golgi’s nerve-stain, 429; silver nerve-stain, 436 Fano, neuroglia, 441 Farrants, mounting medium, 239 Fast blue, 195 Fast green, 194 Fat, 71, 351 et seq. Fatty bodies, blackening by osmic acid, 352 INDEX. 497 The numbers refer to the pages. 