None
581 Urine, bacteria in. See Bacteriuria blood in. See Hematuria casts in, 211 character, of, during polyuria, 185 chemical characteristics of, 204 chemical findings of, in renal insuffi- ciency, 308 chemical and physical characteristics of, 191 collection of, from kidney with catheter, 273 collection of, transvesically, 334 comparison of, from bladder with that from ureter, 275 cryoscopy of, 310 electric conductivity of, 193 epithelial cells in, 211 estimation of acidity in, 209 estimation of sugar in, 210 examination of, 203 for bacteria, 212 in pyuria, 218 freezing point of, 193, 310 gas in. See Pneumaturia hemoglobin in. See Hemoglobinuria incontinence of, as symptom of urinary disorder, 373 increase of solids in, during polyuria, 186 manner of discharge of, from ureter, 263 method of obtaining, from kidney with- out catheterization, 263, 267 methods of determining renal incapacity by examination of, 307 methods for estimating pus in, 215 methods of securing and preserving, 203 microscopic appearance of pus cells in, 215 microscopic examination of, 211 normal amount of, 191 physical changes in, due to pressure of blood, 221 phosphates in. See Phosphaturia physical characteristics of, 204 in renal insufficiency, 307 preparation of, for microscopic examina- tion, 211 preservation of, 203 proteid bodies found in, 205 pus in. See Pyuria rate of secretion of, 273 Urine, reaction of, 191, 192, 208 in pyuria, 214 relation between amount of, and blood flowing through kidneys, 185 relation between composition of, and health, 307 retention of, as symptom of urinary dis- order, 373 specific gravity of, 204 sugar in, 210 transvesical collection of, 274 turbidity of, a sign of pyuria, 214 value of transvesical specimen of, 274 Uriniferous tubules. See Tubules Uronephrosis, definition of, 520 Valentine endoscope, 278 Vasa rectae, 162 Veins, collecting, of kidney, 434 of lumbar region, 21 of ureter, 171 renal, anomalies of, 436 arrangement of, in relation to opera- tions on kidney, 432 comparison of, with renal arteries, 435 of cortex, 162 development of, 99 supernumerary, 436 Vena cava, displacement of, in operations on kidney, 394 Vermiform appendix, distinction between concretion in, and ureteral calcu- lus, 366 hydronephrosis due to adhesions of, 528 Vertebra?, relation of kidneys to, 34 Vertebral column, curves of, in adult, 28 in fetus, 28 relation of, to lumbar region, 28 Vesical calculus. See Calculus, vesical Vesical diverticulum. Water cystoscope, catheterization of ure- ters by, 298 disinfection of, i, 294 essentials in, 285 examination by, 296 in functional tests for renal insufficiency, 334 for inspection and irrigation, 292 lenses in, 287 modifications of, 289 optical principles of, 287 principles of, 284 prism in, 288 structure of, 286 types of, 285 varieties of, 289 Weiss' table, 192 Wolffian body, development of, 77 Wolffian duct, development of, 75, 78 relation of, to kidney-anlage, 83 Wound, closure of, after kidney operations, 415 X-ray, aids to, 349 apparatus for, 347 bismuth injection as aid to, 368 cases suitable for, 352 collargol injections as aid to, 349, 360 in diagnosis, of displaced kidney, 360 of double ureter, 366 of horseshoe kidney, 360 X-ray, in diagnosis, of hydronephrosis, 360, 544, 550 of hypernephromata, 360 of inflamed kidney, 362 of movable kidney, 499 of renal calculus, 352 of renal disease, 352 of renal tuberculosis, 362 of ureteral calculus, 362 of ureteral dilatation, 366 of vesical calculus, 367 distension of bladder in diagnosis by, 368 as guide to operation for renal calculus, 358 importance of, in urological diagnosis, 346 methods of employing in urological diag- nosis, 346 methods of examination by, 348 outfit required for, 347 posture of patient in use of, 348 preparation of patient for, 347 in renal conditions other than calculus, 360 silver iodid injections as aid to, 350 stereoscopic pictures in examination by, 349 X-ray pictures, criteria of, 351 Fenwick's rules for interpretation of, 352, 357, 360, 362 field covered by, 351 Yeast cells, in pneumaturia, 227 (1) 2B7N ...T 17J).tf14.1 3 2044 045 085 677. 