None
453 Canna Indica, 46 starch, 46 Cannabis saliva, 395 Canoe birch, 236 cedar, 214 Cape mahogany, 241 Capsule, 326 pore, 326 Carmine, 23 Carolina nut, 414 Carpinus, 208, 231 Americana, 232 betulus, 232 Caroliniana, 232, 236 Carya, 202, 220 alba, 222 porcina, 221 tomentosa, 222 Caryopsis, 327 Cashmere, 131 Cassava starch, 45 Castanea, 223 sativa, 226 var. Americana, 226 Cat's-paw, yellow, 323 Caucasian insect powder, 323 Cavities, excretion, 193 lysigenous, 194 respiratory, 298 schizogenous, 193 secretion, 193 Ceanothus Chloroxylon, 241 Cedar, 208 canoe, 214 incense, 214 Oregon, 213 Port Orford, 213 red, 189, 214 medullary rays of, 189 Spanish, 219 imitation, 295 white, 213, 214 Cedrela, 219 odorata, 219 Ceiba pentandra, 68, 368 Cell contents, notes on, 207 streaks, 205 Cells, accompanying, 298 bone, 420 cambiform, 260 companion, 260 complementary, 276 conducting, 186 guard, 298 horn, 431, 434, 437 libriform, 197 of medullary rays, 203 sclerenchyma, 277, 284, 290 secretion, 265 starch, 265 Celluloid, 57 Cellulose, 54 lamella, 279 Cellulose silk, action of Fehling solution on, 155 color with Millon's re- agent, 155 treatment with iodine in potassium iodide, 155 soda, 116, 118 sulphite, 1 1 6, 118 Celtis, 203, 208, 222 aspera, 223 Australis, 223 Cembra pine, 218 Cement, tooth, 421 Central European oaks, 224 Centrolobium robustum, 240 Ceratenchyma, 288 Cereal grains, 327 Ceric acid, 279 Cerin, 279 Ceylon ebony, 239 Chaff of barley, 350 millet, 352 rice, 351 Chaffy wheats, 334 Chalaza, 329 Chamacy parts, 213 Lawsoniana, 213 Chardonnet silk, 151, 152, 155 Chart a corticea, 122 Chelone imbricata, 433 Chemical wood pulp, 118 Chenopodium, 326 Cherry, 207, 208, 228 Baden, 228 birch, 236 bird, 229 mahaleb, 228 mazard, 228 morello, 228 sour, 228 sweet, 228 Turkish, 228 wild, 228 Chestnut, 207, 208, 226 European, 226 oak, 224 Chicory, 271 Chin-pat, 84 Chinese paper, 120 Chloroform test for wheat and rye flour, 347 Chlorogallum pomeridianum, 269 Chlorophora tinctoria, 244 Chlorophyl grains, 29 Chloroplasts, 29 Chloroxylon Suietenia, 242 Chlorzinc iodine, 22 Chromatic aberration of objectives, 6 Chromic acid, 21 Chrysanthemin, 313 Chrysanthemum Cinerarias) olium, 310, 311 Leucanthemum, 323 Marschallii, 310, 311 454 GENERAL INDEX. Chrysanthemum roseum, 310, 311 Chrysotile, 156, 157 Chumese, 84 Cichoriace<z, 273 Cichorium Intybus, 50, 271 Cigar-box wood, 219 Cistus salvifolius, 301 Citric acid, microchemical tests for, 448 Citrus fruits, 327 Closed bundle, 259 syncarps, 327 teeth, 421 Cloves, 310 Cochineal, 23 Cockle, 349 Cocoanut, 327 cake, 403 palm, 243 Cocobola, 240 Cocos nucifera, 403 Cocos wood, 242 Cocus wood, 208, 242 Caplococcus Carolinensis, 414 Salomonensis, 414 Coffee, malt, 354 nut, 220 tree, Kentucky, 220 Cogwood, 241 Coleophyllum, 341 Collateral bundle, 264 Collodion, 57 Colonial mahogany, 241 Colored ebony, 239 Combretacea, 406 Companion cells, 2^0 Comparative crystal analysis, 440 Complementary cells, 276 Composite, 313, 317, 327, 375 Composite bundles, 259 Compound microscope, 5 nut, 327 stone fruit, 327 Concentric bundle, 264 Condenser, substage, for compound micro- scope, ii, 15 Condori wood, 242 Conducting cells, 186 Cones, 327 Congo red, 23 Coniferin, 101 Coniferous woods, 178 parenchyma of, 193 Conkanee hemp, 84 Consolidated fruits, 327 Contour lines of ivory, 424 Convolvulus, 240 Copaifera bracteata, 242 Langsdorflii, 194 Copper beech, 232 sulphate, 32 Copra, 403. Coral wood, 242 red, 242 Corallin, 23 Cor chorus capsularis, 81 olitorius, 81 Cordia, 240 Coriamyrtin, 309 Coriaria myrtijolia, 300, 304 ruscifolia, 304 thymifolia, 304 Cork, 274 black, 275 "female", 275 in fig coffee, 296 "male", 275 oak, 226 woods, 253 Corn starch, 40 Cornus, 208 Corolla of disc flowers, 318 Coromandel wood, 239 Corpuscles, bone, 420 Cortex of animal hairs, 123, 125 Cosmos fiber, 82 CotinuSy 295 Coggygria, 229, 246, 300, 303 Cotton, 58 American, 61 Barbardos, 58 Brazilian, 61 dead hairs of, 64 Egyptian, 60 half-ripe hairs of, 64 Indian, 61 length of staple, 59 mercerized, 65 New Orleans, 58 Peruvian, 61 rag paper, 109 Sea Island, 58, 60 Cottonseed cake, 361 meal, 361 Cottonwood, 238, 239 balsam, 239 black, 239 Cotyledons, 333 Coulteria tinctoria, 252 Cow hair, 133 distinction of sheep's wool, goat's wool, and, 134 wheat, 349 Crack willow, 238 Craspedium, 327 Cratagus Oxyacantha, 207 Cremocarp, 327 Crocus, 324 Cross-cells, 337 sections, 175 tracheids, 186 Crotalaria juncea, 84 Crowberry, 327 Crown cement of ivory, 426 Cruciferce, 326, 392 Crystal analysis, comparative, 440 individual, 443 GENERAL INDEX. 455 Crystal fibers, 284 Crystals, 290 Cuba mahogany, 241 Cuban grenadilla wood, 242 pine, 217 Cucumber tree, 231 Cucurbita maxima, 369 moschata, 369 Pepo, 369 Cucurbitacea, 327 Cuprammonia, 22 action of, on cloth, 162 Cupressus, 176, 213 sempervirens, 213 Cupuliferce, 203 Curcuma starch, 46 Curcuma angustifolia, 46 leucorrhiza, 46 longa, 262 rotunda, 262 Curcumin, 265 action of ammonia on, 266 boric acid on, 266 concentrated hydrochloric acid on, 266 concentrated sulphuric acid on, 266 dilute sulphuric acid on, 266 potash on, 266 water on, 266 Curled birch, Swedish, 236 mint, leaves, 309 Cuticle, 52, 280 Cuticular scales of animal hairs, 123, 125 Cutin, 280 Cycadace<£, 48 Cycas, 47 Cyperacea, 298 Cyperus Papyrus, 122 Cypress, bald, 215 black, 215 common, 213 Lawson's, 213 red, 215 white, 215 Cystoliths, 53 Daisy, ox-eye, 323 Dalbergia, 240 melanoxylon, 242 Dalmatian insect powder, 310 Daphne cannabina, 122 Daphne fiber paper, 122 Darnel, 349 Date palm, 243 Deer antlers, 421 Dehiscent fruits, 326 Dentine canals, 421 of ivory, 423 teeth, 421 Dermatogen, 290 Desert fir, Japanese, 212 Dextrine, 35 Diaphragm, iris, for compound micro- scope, 1 1 Diaphysis, 418 Diastase, 36 Dicotyledonous rhizomes, 268 roots, 268 Dicotyledons, 333 wood of, 174 Diuscorea elata, 47 sativa, 47 Diospyros, 221 Ebenum, 239 hirsuta, 239 Virginiana, 222 Disc flowers, 3 1 1 Dissecting microscope, 4 Distinction between sheep's wool, goat's wool, and cow hair, 134 Dogwood, 208 Domingo mahogany, 241 Douglas fir, 215 Drupe, 326 syncarpous, 327 Duckweed, 326 Duramen, 207 Dwarf sumach, 300 Dyers' pastel, 309 weed, 309 woad, 309 Dyes, 23 Dyewoods, 243 Eagle wood, 242 East India arrowroot, 46 Indian satinwood, 242 Ebony, 208, 239 Ceylon, 239 colored, 239 green, American, 242 Macassar, 239 Mauritius, 239 Orange River, 239 Siam, 239 streaked, 239 Zanzibar, 239 Edgeworthia papyrifera, 121 El&is Guineensis, 400 melanococca, 400 Elder, black, 228 Elephas Africanus, 422 Indicus, 422, 423 primigenius, 422 Elm, 208 European, common, 222 field, 222 red, 222 rock, 222 water, 222 white, 222, 223 yoke, 232 Embryo, 333 456 GENERAL INDEX. Emergence, 52 Emmer, 334 Enamel of teeth, 421 Endocarp, 328 Endodermis, 264, 280 Endosperm, 31, 331 English wheat, 334 Entada, 327 Epicarp, 328 Epidermis, 261 of animal hairs, 123, 125 of leaves, 302, 303, 307, 316, 318, 319, 322 Epiphyses, 418 Ergot, 349 Erica arborea, 235 Eriodendron anfractuosum, 68, 368 Erythrina acanthocarpa, 253 Crista galli, 255 Esparto cellulose paper, 1 10 Ether, 23 Eucalyptus, 241 Euclea pseudebenus, 239 Euphorbiacea, 45, 273 European birch, white, 236 chestnut, 226 elm, common, 222 fir, 212 walnut, 230 Evergreen oak, 226, 275 Evonymus, 208, 235 Europ&a, 235 Examination of flour, 342 Examples, practical, 159, 293 Excretion cavities, 193 Exine, 315 Exocarp, 328 Extract wool, 141 Eyepieces, see Oculars Fabrics, figured, 158 fineness of weave, 170 piled, 158 plain, 158 twilled, 158 woolen, examination of, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168 Fagara flava, 242 Fagus, 231 Americana, 232 ferruginea, 207, 232 sihatica, 197, 232, 397 False acacia, 208 "Female" cork, 275 Fernelia buxifolia, 207 Ferric chloride, 22 Fesca process for manufacture of wheat starch, 39 Fiber, cosmos, 82 hop, 87 Mitsumata, 121 nettle, 88 Fiber, paper mulberry, 92 rhea, 90 roa, 92 sinew, 150 Fibers, animal, 123 bast, 284 crystal, 284 mineral, 123, 156 of dicotyledonous plants, 73 monocotyledonous plants, 94 stems, 72 substitute, 206 true wood, of broad-leaved woods, 196 vegetable, 51 Fibroin of silk, 144 Fibro-vascular bundles, 72, 258, 259 Field elm, 222 maple, 207, 233 Fig, 328 coffee, containing cork, 296 Figured fabrics, 158 Fir, 1 86, 207 balsam, 212 Douglas, 215 European, 212 Japanese desert, 212 red, 215 riga, 216 Scotch, 216 silver, 212 spruce, 215 Swedish, 216 white, 212 wood, medullary rays of, 186 yellow, 215 Flax, 73 New Zealand, 99 Flecks, pith, 205 F lores Stoec kadis citrina, 323 Floss of silk cocoon, 144 Flour, ash of, 345 color of, 343 examination of, 342 mechanical condition of, 343 microscopy of, 346 Flower heads, organs of, 313 Flowers, 310 orange, 310 parts of, 310 Follicle, 326 Formic acid, microchemical tests for, 448 Fossil ivory, 422 Fourcroya, 253 Cubensis, 97 jcetida, 97 gigantea, 97 Frangula, 208 Fraxinus, 220 Americana, 221 excelsior, 221 nigra, 221 Oregona, 221 GENERAL INDEX. 457 praxinus Pennsylvania, 221 var. lanceolata, 221 pubescens, 221 quadrangulata, 221 tbambucijolia, 221 i)iridist 221 Fruit, 324 accessory, 325 aggregate, 325 anthocarpous, 325 coat, 328 multiple, 325 stone, 326 compound, 327 Fruits and seeds, 324 Beck's classification of, 326 classification of, Beck's, 326 compound, 326 consolidated, 327 dehiscent, 326 indehiscent, 326 kinds of, 324 morphology of, 324 multiple, 327 simple, 326 Fuchsin, 23 Funiculus, 329 Fuse, identification of, used by incendi- ary, 159 Fusion tests, microchemical, 441 Fustic, 208 distinction of old from young, 249 old, 244, 249 young, 229, 246, 249 identification of, 295 Galium, 327, 349 Gambo hemp, 83 Gam pi fiber, 122 Gelatin silk, 156 Georgia pine, 217 German broom, 85 Ghore sun, 84 "Gidden", 150 Ginger, 266 pine, 213 Gipsy oak, 225 Glans, 327 Globuli of teeth, 421 Glucase, 36 Gluten, 340 cells, 339 Glycerine, iodine, 22 Goat-willow, 238 Goat's wool, 130 Angora, 130 Cashmere, 131 common, 132 distinction of sheep's wool cow hair, and, 134 mohair, 130 Thibet, 131 Gold, microchemical tests for, 446 Gomuti palm, 243 Gonostylus, 243 Gossampinos rubra, 368 Gossypium, arboreum, 58 Barbadense, 58, 361 herbaceum, 58, 361 hirsutum, 58 religiosum, 58 Taitense, 59 Grain of wood, 177 Graminea, 298 Granadilla wood, 242 Granulose, 33 Grape, 327 vine, 227 Gray willow, 204 Greek sumach, 300 Green ash, '221 ebony, American, 242 Havana wood, 241 Greenheart, 240 Grenadilla wood, 242 African, 242 Cuban, 242 Ground olive stones, 371 detection of, in pep- per, 374 tissue, 260 Guajacum officinale, 240 Guard cells, 298 Guiana arrowroot, 47 Guilloching of ivory, 425 Guimara, 95 Guizotia Abyssinica, 375 oleifera, 375 Gum, black, 234 sour, 234 Guncotton, 57 Gun wad, identification of, 160 Gymnocladus, 220 Canadensis, 220 dioicus, 220 Gymnosperms, wood of, 174 Gynaeceum, 313, 324 Gysophila Arrostii, 270 paniculata, 270 Struthium, 269 Hadromal, 102 Hadrome, 259 Haematem, 251 Haematoxylin, 23, 251 Hcematoxylon campecheanum, 251 Hair, calf, 134 camel's, 137 cow, 133, 134 Hairs, vegetable, 51 Halle process for manufacture of wheat starch, 39 Hard maple, 233 pine, 217 woods, 213 458 GENERAL INDEX. Hard woods, examples of, 208 Hardness of wood, 208 Harst beech, 232 Havers' canals, 419 Hayti mahogany, 241 Hazel, 207 Heart ripewood, 208, 222 Heartwood, 207 Heckling, 73 Hedgehog wheat, 334 Helianthus annuus, 377 tuberosus, 50 Helichrysum arenarium, 323 Hemicellulose, 55 Hemlock, 212, 287 Hemp, 77 bast, 77 Bombay, 84 brown, 84 cake, 395 Calcutta, 84 Conkanee, 84 gambo, 83 Indian, 84 Madras, 84 Mauritius, 97, 100 paper, 108 pita, 96 pure, 77 sisal, 96 sunn, 84 Heotau, 255 Herminiera Elapkroxylon, 253, 255 Herz berg's test for identification of fibers in paper, 104 Hesperidium, 327 Hibiscus cannabinus, 83 Hickory, mockernut, 222 pignut, 221 shagbark, 222 shellbark, 222 Hicoria, 220 alba, 222 glabra, 221 ovata, 222 Hilum, 329 Hippopotamus amphibius, 422, 426 Hippopotamus ivory, 426 v. Hohnel's test for identification of fibers in paper, 105 Honduras mahogany, 241 Honey berry, 223 Hop fiber, 87 hornbeam, 236 Hordeum distichon, 349 sativum distichon, 349 vulgare, 349 tetrastichum, 349 vulgare, 349 Horn, 429 buffalo, 430 cells, 431, 434, 437 ox, 430 Horn, refuse, 430 sheep, 430 teeth, 421 Hornbeam, 207, 208, 232 hop, 236 Hornblende asbestos, 156 Horny prosenchyma, 288 Horse-chestnut, 204, 208, 237 starch, 33 Horst beech, 232 Hour-glass weed, 323 Huanaco, 139 Hummel silk, 152 Humulus lupulus, 87 Hungarian bird's-eye maple, 23 oak, 225 yellow wood, 246 Hydrocellulose, 57 Hydrochloric acid, 21 Hymenaa Courbaril, 242 Hypanthodia, 328 Hypocotyl, 333 Hyoscyamus, 326 Illuminating apparatus of compound mi- croscope, 8, 9 Incense cedar, 214 wood, 209 Indian hemp, 84 Indigofera, 309 Individual crystal analysis, 443 Inga vera, 242 Insect powder, 310 Caucasian, 323 Dalmatian, 310 Persian, 310 Integuments, 329 Interfascicular cambium, 291 wood, 291 Interglobular spaces of teeth, 421 Intine, 315 Inula Helenium, 50 Inulin, 27, 50, 273 Involucre, 319 Iodine, chlorzinc, 22 glycerine, 22 solution, 22 aqueous, 22 in potassium iodide, 22 tincture, 22 Iridin, 267 Iris diaphragm for compound microscope, ii Iris, 324 Florentine, 266 Germanica, 266 pallida, 266 Ironwood, 208, 232, 236 Isatis tinctoria, 309 Itaka wood, 239 Ivory, African, 422 augmentation zones of, 424 contour lines of, 424 GENERAL INDEX. 459 Ivory, crown cement of, 426 dentine canals of, 423 fossil, 422 guilloching of, 425 hippopotamus, 426 Indian, 423 mammoth, 422 narwhal, 428 nut, 412 Schreger lines of, 425 sperm-whale, 428 true, 422 vegetable, 412 walrus, 427 Jacaranda Brasiliana, 241 Jamaica mahogany, 241 Japanese desert fir, 212 nutmeg wood, 236 paper, 120 Javelle water, 21 Jointed apocarp, 326 latex tubes, 273 pod, 327 Jointless latex tubes, 273 Juglans, 202, 207, 230 cinerea, 230 nigra, 230 regia, 208, 230 Juniper, 208 berry, 328 common, 214 savin, 214 Juniperus, 176, 213 communis, 214 Virginiana, 189, 214 Jute, 8 1 paper, 109 "Kaffir marble cork", 253 Kapok cake, 368 East Indian, 368 Java, 368 Kemps, 128 Kentucky coffee-tree, 220 Keratin, 429 Kermes oak, 226 Key, Burgerstein's analytical, for spruce and larch woods, 192 analytical, for identification of eco- nomic woods, 2 1 1 Khaya Senegalensis, 241 King wood, 241 Kopra, 403 Labarraque solution, 21 Laguna mahogany, 241 Laine artificielle, 82 Lamella, cellulose, 279 middle, 180, 279 outer, 1 80 suberin, 279 Langhans silk, 152 Laportea Canadensis, 90 Larch, 190, 208, 216 and spruce woods, Burgerstein's analytical key for, 192 medullary rays of, 190 Larix, 216 decidua, 216 Europ&a, 216 occidentalis, 216 Larkspur, 326 Latex, 274 tubes, 273 jointed, 273 jointless, 273 Laurus Sassafras, 268 Lawson's cypress, 213 Lead nitrate and saltpeter, fusion test, 441 Leaf, blade of, 324 sheath of, 324 Leaves, 29, 297 balm, 309 bifacial, 29 centric, 29 curled mint, 309 isolateral, 29 patchouli, 309 peppermint, 309 rosemary, 309 Legume, 326 Leguminosce, 242, 251, 253 Leguminous starches, 48 Lehner silk, 152, 156 Lens holder, 4 Lenticels, 276, 282 Lentil starch, 49 Leopard-wood, 239 Letter-wood, 239 Leucoplasts, 31 Levantine soapwort, 269 Libocedrus, 213 decurrens, 214 Libriform cells, 197 Lign-aloes, 242 Lignin, 58, 101 tests for, 102 Lignum-vitae, 207, 208, 240 Ligustrum, 208 Liltacea, 269 Lima wood, 252 Lime tree, 234 Linden, 207, 208 American, 234 small-leaved, 234 summer, 234 winter, 234 Linen cloth containing tow yarn, 161 rag paper, 107 yarn, 77 Linseed cake, 384 meal, 384 L-inum usitatissimum, 73 Liriodendron, 230 tulipifera, 231, 293 460 GENERAL INDEX. Live oak, 224 Llama, 139 Loblolly pine, 217 Locust, 208 black, 220 Logwood, 251 Lolium temulentum, 349 Loment, 327 Long-leaved pine, 217 Longwort, 269 Lonicera, 327 Lupis, 95 Lygeum Spartum, in Lysigenous cavity, 194 Macaroni wheat, 334 Macassar ebony, 239 sandalwood, 240 Machferium Schomburgkii, 239 Madura tinctoria, 244 Maclurin, 246 Macrochloa tenacissima, in Madia cake, 377 Madia saliva, 377 Madras hemp, 84 Mahaleb cherry, 228 Mahogany, 207, 241 arena, 241 bastard, 241 birch, 236 Cape, 241 Colonial, 241 Cuban, 241 Domingo, 241 Hayti, 241 Honduras, 241 Jamaica, 241 Laguna, 241 Porto Plata, 241 Tabasco, 241 Yucatan, 241 Maize husk paper, 112 starch, 33, 40 Malabar arrowroot, 46 "Male" cork, 275 Malpighia punic&folia, 281 Malt coffee, 354 Maltose, 36 Mains, 237 communis, 237 Maha, 327 Malvacea, 58 Mammoth ivory, 422 Manihot utillissima, 45 Manila hemp, 94 paper, 122 Maple, 207, 208 American bird's-eye, 234 broad-leaved, 233 common, 233 field, 207, 233 hard, 233 Hungarian bird's-eye, 234 Maple, Norway, 207, 233 plane, 233 red, 233 rock, 233 Russian bird's-eye, 234 sugar, 233 swamp, 233 sycamore, 233 Maranta arundinacea, 33, 43 Indica, 43 Maranta starch, 43 Marrow canals of horn, 430 of tortoise shell, 434 of whalebone, 437 Marsdenia, 70 Martin process for manufacture of wheat starch, 37 Mauritius ebony, 239 hemp, 97, 100 Mazard cherry, 228 Mechanical stage for compound micro- scope, 1 6 wood pulp, 116 Mechanico-microscopical analysis of barley groats containing millet bran, 358 of genuine and false barley groats, 357 Weinzierl's method of, 354 Medicago, 142 Medlar, 236 Medulla of animal hairs, 123 Medullary coefficient, Schroder's, 191 rays, 176, 184 cells of, 203 of broad-leaved woods,. 196 of fir wood, 1 86 of larch, 190 of pine wood, 187 of red cedar, 189 of spruce wood, 186 primary, 184 secondary, 184 repetitions, 205 Megaptera hoops, 435 Melanpyrum arvense, 349 Mercuric chloride, 22 Mericarp, 326 Merulis lacrymans, 295 Mesocarp, 328 Mesophyl, 317, 320, 322 Mespilus, 236 Gervnanica, 236 Metarabic acid, 57 Methyl green, 23 violet, 23 Methylene blue, 23 Metroxylon Sagus, 47 Micro-technique, 19 Microchemical analysis, 439 solution tests, 442 tests for aluminium, 443, for barium, 444 GENERAL INDEX. 461 Microchemical tests for calcium, 444 for citric acid, 448 for formic acid, 448 for gold, 446 for lead, 441 for potassium, 442, 447 for silver, 442 for sodium, 447 Micrometer, 14 calibration of, 14 determination of magnifica- tion of, 15 eyepiece, 14 stage, 14 Micropyle, 329 Microscope, 3 compound, 5 illuminating ap- paratus of, 9, J5 objectives of, 6, 1 1 oculars of, 7, 13 stand, 8 theories of, 5 dissecting, 4 simple, 4 Microscopic accessories, 14 examination of paper, 100 Microscopy of flour, 346 Micro-technique, 19 Microtome, 17 Middle lamella, 180, 279 Milkweed, 326 Millet, chaff of, 352 flour and chaff, optical separation of, 356 straw paper, 114 Millon's reagent, 22 Mimusops balata, 241 Mineral fibers, 123, 156 asbestos, 156 Mirror of compound microscope, 9 Mitsumata fiber, 121 Mixed sclerenchyma ring, 284 ring, 284 Mockernut hickory, 222 Mohair, 130 Molisch's reaction for distinguishing ani- mal from vegetable hairs, 124 Monocarps, 326 Monocotyledonous rhizomes, 262 roots, 262 stems, 255 Monocotyledons, 333 Monodon monoceros, 422, 428 Moracece, 92, 244 Morello cherry, 228 Morin, 246 Morphology of fruits, 324 Morus, 220 alba, 220 Morus nigra, 220 rubra, 220 tinctoria, 244 Moth holes, distinction from holes caused by burning, 171 Mountain pine, 217 Mulberry, 208, 327 black, 220 red, 220 silk, distinction from artificial silk, 155 white, 220 Multiple fruit, 325, 327 Mungo, 141 Musa mindanensis, 94 sapientum, var. paradisiaca, 47 textilis, 94 Myall, 240 Myrica nagi, 303 Myricetin, 303 Myrobalans, 406 Myrospermum frutescens, 194 Myrtle-leaved sumach, 304 Naphthylene blue, 23 Narwhal ivory, 428 Nectandra Rodioei, 240 Nepal paper, 122 Nettle fibers, 88 tree, 208, 223 Neuss' hydrochloric acid test for detec- tion of foreign matter in ground pepper, 374 New Zealand flax, 99 Nicaragua wood, 252 Niger cake, 375 Nigrosin, 23 Nitric acid, 21 North American oaks, 223 Carolina pine, 217 Norway maple, 207, 233 pine, 217 Nose-piece of compound microscope, 9 Nucellus, 329 Nut, 326 Carolina, 414 coffee, 220 compound, 327 ivory, 412 Salomon, 414 Nutmeg-wood, 239 Japanese, 236 Nyssa, 233 aquatica, 253 multiftora, 234 syfoatica, 234 Oak, 207, 208, 209 bark, 281 cleaned coarse, 281 fissured, 281 raw coarse, 281 smooth, 281 462 GENERAL INDEX. Oak, bitter, 225, 281 black, 224, 281 British, 224, 281 bur, 224 central European species, 224 chestnut, 224 common, 224 cork, 226 evergreen, 226, 275 gipsy, 225 Hungarian, 225 kermes, 226 live, 224 Mediterranean species, 225 North American species, 223 over-cup, 224 red, 224 Spanish, 275 swamp white, 224 tan bark, 224, 281 Turkey, 225 white, 224 Oaks, central European, 224 North American, 223 Mediterranean, 225 Oat starch, 43 Objectives, 6, n angular aperture of, 1 1 chromatic aberration of, 6 numerical aperture of, 12 spherical aberration of, 6 O chroma lagopus, 68, 253 Ocotea caudata, 243 Oculars or eyepieces of compound micro- scope, 7, 13 Ohio buckeye, 238 Oil-cake meals, 359 Oil-cakes, 358 and oil-cake meals : methods of examination of, 359 microscopical examination of, 360 preliminary test of, 360 processes of manufacture of, 359 sampling of, 360 Oil-seed meals, 359 Old field pine, 217 fustic, 244, 249 distinction of, from young fus- tic, 249 Olea, 235 Europca, 235, 371 Olive-stones, ground, 371 tree, 235 One-grained wheat, 334 Onosma echioides, 269 Oosphere, 331 Open bundles, 259 teeth, 421 Optical separation of millet-flour and mil- let-chaff, 356 Orange flowers, 310 River ebony, 239 Oregon ash, 221 cedar, 213 pine, 215 Organs, subterranean, 262 "On", 323 Orris root, 266 Orthotropous ovule, 329 Ossein, 418 Osteodentine, 423 Ostrya, 235 Virginica, 236 Outer lamella, 180 Over-cup oak, 224 Ovule, 329 anatropous, 329 atropous, 329 campylotropous, 330 orthotropous, 329 Ox-eye daisy, 323 Oxycellulose, 57 Padouk, 242 Palisade parenchyma, 306 Palisander, 241 Palm, cocoanut, 243 date, 243 Gomuti, 243 -nut cake, 400 Palmyra, 243 wood, 243 black, 243 white, 243 Palmes, 255 Palmyra palm, 243 wood, 243 Papaver somniferum, 393 Papaveracece, 273 Paper, adansonia, 122 bamboo sprout, 122 birch, 236 Chinese, 120 cotton rag, 109 Daphne fiber, 122 esparto cellulose, no hemp, 1 08 Herzberg's test for identification of fibers in, 104 v. Hohnel's test for identification of fibers in, 105 identification of fibers in, 104 Japanese, 120 jute, 109 linen rag, 107 maize husk, 112 Manila hemp, 122 microscopic examination of, 100 millet strawr, 114 mulberry fiber, 92 mulberry paper, 121 Nepal, 122 paper mulberry, 121 GENERAL INDEX. Pistacia lentiscus, 301 Pistil, 313, 324 Pita hemp, 96 paper, 122 Pith, 206 flecks, 205 rays, 176 Pits, 1 80 bordered, 179, 181 simple, 181 Pitted vessels, 199 Pittosporum, 241 Placenta, 329 Plain fabrics, 158 Plane maple, 233 tree, 208 American, 230 Platanus, 208, 230 occidentalis, 230 Plates, sieve, 259 Plerom, 290 Plum, 207, 208, 228 Plumule, 34, 333 Pocket-lens, 4 Pod, bordered, 327 jointed, 327 Polarization apparatus, 15 Polish wheat, 334 Pollen grains, 314 Polycarps, 327 Polygonum Convolvulus, 349 Pomacece, 235 Pomegranate, 327 Poplar, 208, 238 black, 239, 275 trembling, 238 white, 208, 239 yellow, 231 Poppy, 326 cake, 393 Populus alba, 239 Canadensis, 238 deltoidea, 238 Fremontii, 239 grandidentata, 238 monilifera, 238 nigra, 239, 275 tremula, 238, 293 tremuloides, 238 trichocarpa, 239 Pore capsule, 326 Pores, 1 80, 298 water, 299 Port Orford cedar, 213 Porto Plata mahogany, 241 Portuguese sumach, 300 Potassium bichromate, 22 hydrate, 21 iodide and silver iodide, fusion test, 442 microchemical tests for, 447 Potato starch, 27, 33, 36 Powder, insect, 310 Practical examples, 159, 293 action of cuprammo- nia on cloth, 162 cork in fig coffee, 296 distinction of dyed wool from wool of black sheep, 166, 168 distinction of moth holes from holes caused by burn- ing, 171 examinations of wool- en fabrics, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168 fineness of weave of fabrics, 170 identification of cov- . ering of telephone wires, 171 identification of fuse used by incendiary, 159 identification of gun wad, 1 60 identification of ramie yarn, 161 identification of snare cord, 159 identification of wood used for pulp, 293 •identification of young fustic, 295 imitation Spanish ce- dar, 295 linen cloth containing tow yarn, 161 materials used for racket strings, 172 red sandalwood as an adulterant of spices, 296 sawdust in foods, 295 starch in wood as a means of deter- mining the time of felling, 295 Primary medullary rays, 184 wood, 178 Primavera wood, 241 Privet, 208 Procambium, 259 Prosenchyma, horny, 288 Proteacece, 326 Provencal sumach, 300 Prunusj 22 7 Armeniaca, 228 avium, 228 Cerasus, 228 domestica, 228 insiti tia, 228 Mahaleb, 228 Padus, 229 GENERAL INDEX. 465 Prunus serotina, 228, 233 Pseudocarps, 325 Pseudotsugat 215 Douglasii, 215 mucronata, 215 Ptaroxylon, 241 Pterocarpus Indicus, 239 santalinoides, 252 santalinus, 252 saxatilis, 239 Pumpkin -seed cake, 369 Purple Heart, 242 wood, 242 Pyrethrosin, 313 Pyrethrotoxic acid, 313 Pyrethrum carneum, 310 roseum, 310 Pyxis, 326 Quaking asp, 238 Quebracho, 208 Queensland arrowroot, 46 rosewood, 240 Quercus, 223 alba, 224 bicolor, 224 Cerris, 222, 225, 281 cocci f era, 226 conferta, 225 //ex, 226, 275, 304 lanuginosa, 281 lobata, 224 lyrata, 224 macro car pa, 224 occidentalis, 275 pedunculata, 224, 281 platanoides, 224 Pseud osuber, 275 pubescens, 281 robur, 224, 225, 281 rubra, 224 sessiflora, 224, 225, 281 suber, 226, 275 virens, 224 VzVg/wiana, 224 Quillai bark, 288 Quillaja Saponaria, 288 Racket strings, materials used for, 172 Radial bundle, 264 sections, 175 Radicle, 333, 341 Radish, 327 Radix Anchusa lutea, 269 Saponarice rubra, 269 Ramie, 90 yarn, identification of, 161 Rape cake, 392 Raphanus Raphanistrum, 392 Raphe, 330 Rare woods, 242 Rattan, 243, 255 Rays, bark, 285 Rays, medullary, 176, 184 cells of, 203 of broad-leaved woods, 196 pith, 176 Reagents, 19, 21 for specific reactions, 22 Receptacle, 322 Red ash, 221 beech, 197, 207, 232 cedar, 189, 214 medullary rays of, 189 coral wood, 242 cypress, 215 elm, 222 fir, 215 Havana wood, 242 maple, 233 mulberry, 220 oak, 224 sandalwood, 252 in spices, 296 saunders, 252 spruce, 216 wood, 215, 242, 252 African, 252 woods, 252 Redoul, 304 Reseda luteola, 309 Respiratory cavity, 298 Retting, 73 Rhamnus, 229 cathartica, 229 Frangula, 229 Rhea fiber, 90 Rhizomes, dicotyledonous, 268 monocotyledonous, 262 Rhizophora Mangle, 281 Rhus copallina, 300 Coriaria, 300, 301, 303 Cotinus, 229, 246, 300 glabra, 300 typhina, 300 Rice, chaff of, 351 starch, 33, 42 Riga fir, 216 pine, 208, 216 Ring, mixed, 284 sclerenchyma, 284 Rings, annual, 175, 203 Ripewood, 207 Rippling, 73 Roa fiber, 92 Robinia, 208, 220 pseudacacia, 220 Rock elm, 222 maple, 233 Root, alkanna, 269 orris, 266 sassafras, 268 teeth, 421 Rootless teeth, 421 Roots, 174 466 GENERAL INDEX. Roots, dicotyledonoiis, 268 monocotyledonous, 262 Rose, 326 Rosemary leaves, 309 Rosewood, 240, 241 African, 240 Brazilian, 240 Queensland, 240 West Indian, 240 Rumex hymenosepalum, 269 Russian bird's-eye maple, 234 Rye starch, 33 Rye -straw cellulose paper, no Safflower, 310 Saffron, 310 Sago starch, 33, 47 Sagus farinifera, 47 lavis, 47 Rumphii, 33, 47 SalicaceoB, 237 Salix alba, 238 Caprea, 208, 238 jragilis, 204, 238 Sallow, 208, 238 Salmalia Malabarica, 368 Salomon nut, 414 Salsetti, 84 Saltpeter and lead nitrate, fusion test, 441 Samara, 327 Sambucus, 227 nigra, 228, 276 Sampling oil-cakes and oil-cake meals, 360 Sandalwood, African, 252 Macassar, 240 red, 252 in spices, 296 white, 209, 240 Sanio bars, 183 Sansevieria, 100 Ssntalin, 252 Santalum album, 240 Saponaria officinalis, 269 Saponin, 270 Sapotoxin, 270 Sappini wood, 252 Sapwood, 207 Sassafras root, 269 Satinwood, East Indian, 242 West Indian, 242 Saturnia Pernyi, 148 pyri, 149 spini, 149 Savin juniper, 214 Sawdust in foods, 295 Schimper's foam test for flour, 348 Schizocarpous syncarps, 327 Schizogenous cavity, 193 Schizolysigenous canals, 194 Schreger lines of ivory, 425 Schroder's medullary coefficient, 191 Sclerenchyma cells, 277, 284, 290 Sclerenchyma ring, mixed, 284 Scorza rossa, 288 Scotch fir, 216 pine, 187, 1 88, 216 Scutching, 73 Scutellum, 341 Sea silk, 149 Secondary medullary rays, 184 wood, 178 Secretion cavities, 193 cells, 265 Sections, cross, 175 radial, 175 tangential, 175 transverse, 175 Seed, 329 coat, 333 Sequoia, 215 gigantea, 215 sempermrens, 215 Wellingtonia, 215 Sericin of silk, 144, 145 Serpentine asbestos, 156 Service tree, 237 Sesame cake, 380 Sesamum Indicum, 380 occidentale, 380 radiatum, 380 Shagbark hickory, 222 Sheath of leaf, 324 Sheep, breeds of, 124 Sheep's wool, 1 24 abnormal hairs in, 129 beard hairs of, 129 burs in, 128 coloring of, 129 cortex of, 125 cuticular scales of, 125 distinction of goat's wool, cow hair, and, 134 epidermal cells of, 125 fineness of, 127 kemps of, 128 , number of scales of, 126 Shell, tortoise, 433 Shellbark hickory, 222 Shoddy, 141 absence of epidermal scales in, 142 appearance of ends of fibers of, 142 diameter of fibers of, 142 fibers of many colors in, 143 foreign fibers of, 140 length of fibers of, 142 Short-leaved pine, 217 Siam ebony, 239 Siberian stone-pine, 218 Sicilian sumach, 301 Sieve plates, 259 tubes, 259 Silica, 58 Silk, action of Fehling solution on, 155 GENERAL INDEX. 467 Silk, ailanthus, 148 and silk substitutes, 144 artificial, 151 baves of, 144 Chardonnet, 155 cocoon, floss of, 144 middle layer of, 144 color with Millon's reagent, 155 common, 144 fibroin of, 144, 145 sea, 149 sericin of, 144, 145 treatment with iodine in potassium iodide, 155 tussah, 148 wild, 148 yamamai, 148 Silver fir, 212 iodide and potassium iodide, fu- sion test, 442 Simple berry, 326 bundles, 258 fruits, 326 microscope, 4 pit, 181 stone fruit, 326 Sinew fiber, 150 Sisal hemp, 96 Skewer wood, 235 Slash pine, 217 Small-leaved linden, 234 Smooth sumach, 300 Smut spores, 349 Snake wood, 239 Snare cord, identification of, 159 Soapwort, 269 California, 269 common, 270 Levantine, 269 white, 271 Soda cellulose, 118 Sodium, microchemical tests for, 447 Soft woods, 213 Solution tests, microchemical, 442 Sorbus, 205, 236 Aria, 237 tonmnalis, 237 Sour cherry, 228 gum, 234 Southern pine, 217 Spanish broom, 85 cedar, 219 imitation, 295 oak, 275 sumach, 300 Spartium junceum, 85 scoparium, 85 Specific teactions, reagents for, 22- Spelt, 334 Spermoderm, 333 Sperm-whale ivory, 428 Sphserites, 32 Spherical aberration of objectives, 6 Spices, red sandalwood in, 296 Spindle tree, 208 wood, 235 Spiral vessels, 199 Spongy parenchyma, 306 Spores, smut, 349 Spring wood, 179 Spruce, 1 86, 207, 209, 215 and larch woods, Burgerstein's analytical key for, 192 black, 216 fir, 215 red, 216 white, 216 wood, medullary rays of, 186 Stage of compound microscope, 8 Staghorn sumach, 300 Stamens, 314 Stand of compound microscope, 8 Standard of compound microscope, 8 Starch, 27 acorn, 33 arrowroot, 33 assimilation, 30 banana, 47 barley, 33, 38 bean, 49 buckwheat, 33, 42 canna, 46 cassava, 45 cells, 265 cellulose, 33 chemical properties of, 33 curcuma, 46 formation of, 29 gelatination of, 33 horse-chestnut, 33 in wood as means of determining time of felling, 295 iodine reaction of, 34 leguminous, 48 lentil, 49 maize, 33, 40 oat, 42 pea, 49 potato, 27, 33, 36 abnormal, 37 reserve, 31 rice, 33, 42 rye, 33, 3» sago, 33, 47 sweet-potato, 46 tapioca, 33 transition, 31 wheat, 33, 38 abnormal, 40 from sprouted grain, 40 processes of manufacture of, 39 yam, 47 Stegmata, 95 Stems, 174 monocotyledonous, 255 468 GENERAL INDEX. Stigma, 324 Stipa tenacissima, no "Stock im Eisen", 190 Stomata, 298 water, 299 Stone fruit, compound, 327 simple, 326 pine, 1 88 Siberian, 218 Straw cellulose paper, no Strawberry, 326 Streaked ebony, 239 Streaks, cell, 205 Strobiles, 327 Strophanthus, 70 Style, 324 Suberin, 58, 263, 279 lamella, 279 Substage condenser, n, 15 Substitute fibers, 206 Subterranean organs, 262 Sugar-cane paper, 119 Sugar maple, 233 pine, 218 Sulphite cellulose, 116, 118 Sulphuric acid, 21 test for detection of for- eign matter in ground pepper, 375 Sumach, 300 American, 300 dwarf, 300 Greek, 300 myrtle-leaved, 304 Portuguese, 300 Proven9al, 300 Sicilian, -301. smooth, 300 Spanish, 300 staghorn, 300 tanner's, 300 Venetian, 246, 303 Summer linden, 234 wood, 179 Sunflower cake, 377 Sunn hemp, 84 Suture, 326 loculicidal, 326 Swamp maple, 233 white oak, 224 Stuarzia tomentosa, 241 Swedish curled birch, 236 fir, 216 Sweet buckeye, 238 cherry, 228 potato starch, 46 Swietenia Mahogani, 241 •Swiss pine, 218 Sycamore, 207, 230 maple, 233 Syncarpous drupe, 327 Syncarps, 326 baccate, 327 Syncarps, closed, 327 schizocarpous, 327 Synconia, 328 Synergidae, 331 Synergids, 331 Tabasco mahogany, 241 Tamarack, 216 Tamarind, 326 Tamarix Ajricarta, 301 Tambinziran wood, 242 Tanbark oak, 224, 281 Tangential sections, 175 Tanner's sumach, 300 Tapioca starch, 33, 45 Taraxacum ofjicinale, 50 Taxodium, 214 distichum, 215 .Taxus, 176, 212 baccata, 183, 193, 212 bremfolia, 213 Tchoumd, 90 Tea, 309 Teak, 208 Teakwood, 229 Brazilian, 242 Tecoma leucoxylon, 241 Tectona, 220, 229 grandis, 229 Teeth, 421 closed, 421 crown of, 421 dentine, 421 enamel of, 421 horn, 421 neck of, 421 open, 421 pulp of, 421 root of, 421 rootless, 421 Tegmen, 333 Telephone wires, identification of cover- ing, 171 Tellicherry arrowroot, 46 Terminalia Chebula, 406 Test, alcohol-hydrochloric acid, for flour, 349 alcoholic naphthylene blue, for flour, 348 Bamihl, for gluten, 346 chloroform, for wheat and rye flour, 347 Schimper's foam, for flour, 348 Testa, 333 Tests for detection, of foreign matter in pepper, 374, 375 for lignin, 102 fusion, microchemical, 441 Textile fabrics, microscopic examination of, i57 Textiles, 123 Thibet, 141 wool, 131 GENERAL INDEX. 469 Thorn, white, 207 Three-leaf twill, 158 Thuja, 176, 213 gigantea, 214 occidentalis, 214 Thymekeacea, 121 Tiger-wood, 239 Tik, Tiker or Tikor arrowroot, 46 Tilia Americana, 234 parmfolia, 234 platyphyllos, 234 Tipula, 205 Tissue, ground, 260 Tobacco, 309 Tooth cement, 421 Tortoise shell, 433 Torus, 181 Tow, 73 yarn, 78 in linen cloth, 161 Tracheae, 199 of broad-leaved woods, 196 Tracheids, 179, 259 cross-, 1 86 of broad-leaved woods, 196 Transverse sections, 175 Tree, heartripewood, 208 heartwood, 207 ripewood, 207 sapwood, 207 Tree-bast paper, 122 Trembling poplar, 238 Trichechus Rosmarus, 422, 427 Trichomes, 51 Triticum monococcum, 334 Polonicum, 334 sativum compactum, 334 dicoccum, 334 durum, 334 spelta, 334 turgidum, 334 -vulgar e, 334 Tropical broad -leaved woods, 206 True parenchyma, 283 wood fibers of broad-leaved woods, 196 Tsuga, 212 Canadensis, 212 Tube cells, 338 of compound microscope, 9 Tubes, latex, 273 sieve, 259 Tulip wood, 231, 240 Tupelo, 234, 253 Tupos, 95 Turkey oak, 225 Turkish boxwood, 241 cherry, 228 Turmeric, 262 Tussah silk, 148 Twill, Batavia four-leaf, 158 three-leaf, 158 Twilled fabrics, 158 Tyloses, 200 Ulmus, 203, 222 Americana, 222 Campestris, 222 a.-glabra, 222 ft-suberosa, 222 eftusa, 223 fulva, 222 racemosa, 222 Thomasi, 222 Umbellifera, 327 Urtica cannabina, 90 dioica, 88 Urlicacea, 88, 92, 273 Utricle, 326 Uva, 327 Vacapow wood, 242 Vanillin, 101 Vascular bundles, 259, 307 scheme, 292 Vegetable down, 68 fibers, 51 ivory, 412 silk, 70 Venetian sumach, 246, 303 Vessels, 199, 259 of broad-leaved woods, 196 pitted, 199 spiral, 199. Vetch, 326 Vicuna, 139 Vine, grape, 227 Violet wood, 208, 209, 240, 241 Viscoid, 57 Vitis, 227 mnifera, 227 Vivier silk, 152 Wacapow wood, 242 Walnut, 207, 208, 327 black, 230 European, 230 white, 230 Walrus ivory, 427 Warp, 157 Water elm, 222 pores, 299 stomata, 299 Wax, 261 Weed, dyers', 309 yellow-moth, 323 Weinmannia glabra, 281 Weinzierl's method of qualitative and quantitative mechanico-microscopical analysis, 354 Weld, 309 West Indian boxwood, 241 rosewood, 240 satinwood, 242 Weymouth pine, 218 Whalebone, 435 GENERAL INDEX. I Wheat, 334 chaffy, 334 cow, 349 English, 334 hedgehog, 334 macaroni, 334 naked, 334 one-grained, 334 Polish, 334 starch, 33 -straw cellulose paper, no White alder, 231 ash, 221 beam tree, 237 birch, 236 European, 236 cedar, 213, 214 cypress, 215 elm, 222, 223 fir, 212 mulberry, 220 oak, 224 swamp, 224 palm wood, 243 pine, 1 88, 218 poplar, 208, 239 sandalwood, 209, 240 soapwort, 271 spruce, 216 thorn, 207 walnut, 230 willow, 238 wood, 231 Wikstrcemia, 122 Wild cherry, 228 pine, .216 silks, 148 Willow, 208 brittle, 238 crack, 238 gray, 204 white, 238 Winter linden, 234 Wold, 300 Wood, brier, 235 bukkum, 252 cailcedra, 241 Calamander, 239 Campeachy, 251 cellulose, 118 cigar-box, 219 cocos, 242 cocus, 242 condori, 242 coral, 242 Coromandel, 239 Cuba grenadilla, 242 eagle, 242 fibers, true, of broad-leaved woods, 196 genuine Brazil, 252 grain of, 177 granadilla, 242 Wood, green Havana, 241 grenadilla, 242 hardness of, 208 interfascicular, 291 Itaka, 239 Japanese nutmeg, 236 king, 241 lima, 252 medullary rays of fir, 186 pine, 187 spruce, 1 86 Nicaragua, 252 of dicotyledons, 174 of gymnosperms, 174 palm, 243 Palmyra, 243 parenchyma, 176, 193, 206 of broad-leaved woods, 196 partridge 242 Pernambuco Brazil, 252 pheasant, 242 primary, 178 primavera, 241 pulp, chemical, 118 mechanical, 116 production of, in United States, 116 soda, 116, 118 sulphite, 1 1 6, 118 purple, 242 red, 242 coral, 242 Havana, 242 sappini, 252 secondary, 178 skewer, 235 snake, 239 spindle, 235 spring, 179 structure of, 175 summer, 179 tambinziran, 242 tulip, 231, 240 used for pulp, identification of, 293 vacapow, 242 violet, 240, 241 wacapow, 242 white, 231 zebra, 240, 243 zirikota, 242 Woods, analytical key to economic, 211 blue, 251 broad-leaved, of temperate zone, 196, 218 of tropics, 206, 239 tracheae of, 196 • tracheids of, 196 vessels of, 196 color of, 207 coniferous, 178, 211 cork, 253 description of species of, 211 GENERAL INDEX. 471 Woods, economic, 211 analytical key for iden- tification of, 211 hard, 213 physico-technical properties of 207 rare, 242 red, 252 soft, 213 tropical broad-leaved, 206, 239 true wood fibers of broad-leaved, 196 yellow, 244 Woof, 157 Wool, 123 distinction of natural-colored and dyed, 166 extract, 141 goat's, 130 sheep's, 124 Woolen fabrics, examination of, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168 Wrightia tinctoria, 70 Xylem, 259 Yam starch, 47 Yamamai silk, 148 Yarn, ramie, identification of, 161 tow, in linen cloth, 161 Yellow birch, 236 cat's-paw, 323 firr 215 loCUSt, 2 2O moth weed, 323 pine, 217 poplar, 231 wood, Hungarian, 246 woods, 244 Yew, 183, 193, 208, 212, 213 Yoke elm, 232 Young fustic, 229, 246, 249 distinction from old fustic, 249 identification of, 295 Yucatan mahogany, 241 Zamia, 47 Zanzibar ebony, 239 Zebra wood, 240, 243 Zingiber ofjicinale, 266 Zingiberacece, 262 Zirikota wood, 242 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY BERKELEY Return to desk from which borrowed. This book is DUE on the las): date stamped below. 1954 MAR -6 1956 FEB25 25Fe'58 KG OCT10 120c'6 LD 21'- JAN 26 1996 RECEIVED NOV 0 1 1996 J9%|RCULATIONDEPT. 28sl6)476 U.C.BERKELEY LIBRARIES ' .207 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY. 