None
The injury from the use of a habit-forming drug, such as cocain in alcoholic solution, cannot be overestimated. In using any form of wine there is a double danger to be apprehended; first, 4o8 BEVERAGES on account of the wine itself being a pleasant and desirable bev- erage, and; second, on account of its other constituents and of the alcohol which it contains; and in addition thereto the preparation becomes dangerous by reason of the cocain extracted from the coca leaves. Since the passage of the Foods and Drugs Act preparations of this kind, when used medicinally, as most of them are, are re- quired to bear upon the label a statement of the quantity of cocain which they contain. This wise provision, in so far as protecting the innocent person is concerned from forming the habit, does not, however, protect those who have already formed the habit, but rather acts as a guide to enable them to secure the article desired. A better regulation to govern the consumption of cocain in this way is the federal law regulating commerce in opium and cocain, now in force. The use of beverages containing cocain, except for strictly medicinal purposes, is entirely prohibited. The decocainized leaves, by a special provision of the law may be used in the preparation of a beverage. Such a preparation is used in the manufacture of coca cola under the name of Merchandise No. 5. INDEX Absinth, adulterations, 386 attitude of French Academy, 387 caution for invalids, 388 composition, 385, 388 definition, 384 effects of, 385 flavoring and coloring, 386 forbidden during the war, 386 kinds, 385 Montpelier, 385 no vogue in United States, 390 poisoning, 386 Pontarlier, 385 results of use, 389 Swiss, 385 Abyssinian coffees, area producing, 134 Acidity, claims of excessive, 191 excessive in wine, 191 Acids in distilled spirits, 280 Activated sludge, 45 Adriatic wines, 234 Adulteration, antiquity of, 267-269 early practised in distilling and brew- ing, 299 Adulterators, executive indulgence, 328 After dinner drinks, 394 Age, fraudulent, 327 Alban wine, 219 Albemarle pippins, 187 Alcohol, preparation of pure, 319-320 Alcoholic beverages, distilled, 275 restrictions, 275 medicinal preparations, treasury list of, 397-403 remedies, 396 limit on manufacture, 404 special tax, 397 Aldehydes in distilled spirits, 280 Ale, definition, 361 other uses of term, 271 {percentage of alcohol, 365 Alkalinity, method of correcting, 9 Alsatian wines, 228 Alum, coagulant, 43 Amer Picon, 391 American Medical Association fraudu- lent and misleading waters, 86 American red wines, i88 tea, 156 vines for phylloxera, 341 white wines, 188 wines, lack of appreciation, 183 Ammonia, 19 free, 29 Amyl alcohol, 279 Analysis, data of, 21 purpose, 18 Analyses, basis of judgment, 29 interpretation, 18 sanitary, 20 Angostura bitters, 391 Anthrax carried by water, 64 Aperitifs, 384 ApoUinaris water, natural or artificial, 68 opinion of Attorney General, 68 opinion of the Secretary of the Treasury, 69 rulings of Food & Drugs Act, 69 vogue, 67 Appetizers, 391 Apple brandy, 353 Apple jack, 352-353 Aqua vitae, 277-278 Argon, 18 Arondack water, 72 Artemisia absinthium, 384 Artesian water, 9 Artificial mineral waters, adulteration, 85 kinds, 84 magnitude of industry, 88 merits, 85 misbranding, 85 notices of judgment, 86 purpose of manufacture, 84 409 4IO INDEX 6 Bacillus, amylobacter, 362 butyricus, 362 Bacteria, effect of boiling, 27 in Mississippi River water, 57 kinds of, 24 number of, 28 pathogenic, 26 periodic increase or decrease, 25 rapid growth, 25 rapidity of multiplication, 24 removal by sand filtration, 43 Bacteriological examination, 22 interpretation, 89 Bad water, 27 Balneology, 95 Baltimore method of purification, 39 Bathing, 93 Beaune wine, 216 Beer, adulterations and misbrandings, 26s composition of pure, 265 definition, 261 limitation of alcohol in, 265 manufacture, 261-263 other uses of term, 271 preservatives in, 267 purity protected by early laws, 297 sale of, 264 shades of color, 261 varieties, 263 without hops, 270 Beers, composition, 264 Bellowstop, 369 Benedictine, 384 Berncastler Doctor, 225 Beverages containing cocain, 405 distilled, 275 prohibition of distilled, 275 Black tea, method of manufacture, 160 Blending coffees, 143-144 Blind tiger, 378 Blood, water in, 30 Bodegas of Jerez, 233 Body, "^quantity of water in, 30 Bogus, 369 Bob, 343 4 terroir, 343 ordinaires, 343 Bons bois, 343 Borax, softening water, 8 Borderies, 343 Bottled in bond spirits, 284 Bottles, refilling, 328 Bottling in bond act, 30&-309 Bourbon whisky, origin of name, 301 Brandy, adulteration, 355 aging, 353 amount used in fortifying wines, 256 and soda, 391 apple, 351, 353 artificial coloring, 355 blackberry, 353 blending, 340 blueberry, 355 bouquet, 346 change of alcoholic content, 338 cherry, 354 composition, 339 definition, 331 of official agricultural chemists, 349 distillation of, 336-337 distillery, 337 early adulteration, 356 esters and ethers in, 350 from pumice (Marc), 347 general name for distilled spirits, 298 gentian, 326 huckleberry, 326, 355 imitation, 356-357 kinds of, 331 made in France, 331 magnitude of industry, 342 manufacture in United States, 350 minimum age, 355 omitted from 9th Revision of Phar- macopoeia, 349 peach, 298, 352-353 pharmacopoeia! definition, 348 plum, 326 prune, 326 raspberry, 326, 355 regions favorable to production, 351 sale of, 340 smash, 393 sour, 393 still, form of, 338 storage, 338 strawberry, 355 term, improperly applied, 356 time^equired for maturity, 339 INDEX 411 Brandy, uses of American, 351 Brain, water in, 30 Brewery, early established in Georgia, apS Brewing, art of, 261 Buchu, 378 Bureau of Internal Revenue, 364 Burgundy wines, causes of excellence, 217 perfection of cultural processes, 218 Bushmills distillery, 315 Butyl alcohol, 279 Cacuban wine, 220 Ca£fea Arabica, 131 Caffein, danger of free, 114 degree of extraction, 142 effects, 106 in soft drinks, 106 methods of extraction, 142 occurrence, 106 opinions of experts concerning effect, 107 Caffeinless coffee, 141 commercial imp>ortance, 143 taste and aroma, 143 Calenian wine, 220 Calibogus, 369 Campbeltown malt, 313 Canning factory wastes, 64 Capsicum in ginger ale, 102 Carbon dioxid in water, 17 Carbbad water, 72 Carthusian monks, expulsion from France, 382 Catawba grapes, 192 Cereals, unmalted, 263 Chambertin wines, 215 Champagne, 250 Charente department, 344 Inferieure department, 345-346 Chartreuse, 381 beginning of manufacture, 38a decisions by the courts, 383 herbs used in manufacture, 38a use of new and old labels, 384 Chateau Ausone, 214 Branne-Cantenac, 202 Camponac, a 10 Chateau wines, 193, 194 list of the third cms of the M6doc, 204-206 of fourth and fifth cms of the M6doc, 206-208 Chemical tests, 29 Cherry bounce, 354 brandy, 325 flavor, 32s rum, 394 Chian wine, 220 Chicago canal, flow per second, 37 Chateau Ausone, Climens, 213 Cos-d'Estournel, 201 Coutet, 213 de Haut-Pomarede, 310 de Rayne-Vigneau, 213 Ducm-Beaucaillou, 203 Durfort-Vivens, 204 Figeac, 215 Giscours, 206 Gmaud-Larose, 203 Gmaud-Larose-Sarget, 202 Guiraud, 213 Haut-Bailly, 209 Haut Brion, 199 Haut-Brion-Larrivet, 211 Lafite, 197 La Mission Haut-Brion, 209 Langoa, 203, 209 Lascombes, 203 La Tour, 198 La Tour Blanche, aia L6oville-Barton, 303 L^oville-Lascases, 303 L6oville-Poyf4rr6, 303 Le Vallon, 310 Margaux, 195 Montrose, 201 Mouton-Rothschild, 300 Olivier, 210 Pape Dement, 310 Pichon-Longueville Leiande, 203 Pontet-Canet, 207 Rabaud, 213 Rauzan-Gassies, 204 Rauzan-Segla, 204 Rieussec, 3X3 Smith-Haut-Lafitte, a 10 Suduiraut, 313 Yquem, 311 412 INDEX Chicago water, amount, 55 method of securing, 55 supply, 54 Chicory-adulterant of coffee, 146 Chief water, 72 Chlorin, i8 Chocolate, consumption, 178 definition, 175 Cholera bacillus, 26 carried by water, 60 Cider, ii6 adulterations, 118 benzoate of soda in, 118 composition, 120 hard, 119 pasteurization, 117 percentage of acidity, 122 of alcohol in hard, 120 preservation, 116 sparkling, 12T sterilized, 118 sulphur fumes in, 118 Clinton grapes, 192 Clos de Vougeot wine, 215 Clos Haut-Peyraguey, 213 Coagulation, chemicals used, 42 Coca Cola, 106 case, decision of Supreme Court, "3 final disposition, 113 notice of judgment, 113 Coca Cola Company trial, 1x2 syrup, 106 composition, 107 leaf, method of use, 407 leaves, drying, 406 harvesting, 405 marketing, 406 plant cultivation, 405 length of life, 405 shrub, size, 405 wine, omitted from Pharmacopoeia, 407 Cocain, dangers of use, 407 discovery, 405 laws regulating, 106 presence must be stated£on_the label, 408 source, 405 value of drug, 407 Cocktails, 390 Cocktails, Apple jack, 391 Bronx, 390, 392 Manhattan, 390, 392 Martini, 390, 392 Rob Roy, 390 Saratoga, 390, 392 Sazarack, 390, 392 Sunshine, 390 Cocoa bean, composition, 178 confusion of terms, 175 consumption, 178 definition, 175 increased consumption, 179 pods and leaves 177 production, 176 tree, cultivation, 176 unknown to Europeans, 178 Coffee, adulteration, 145-146 associated with journalism, 130 berries, size of different varieties, 132 composition, 138 of roasted, 138 consumption, 147 content of ash, 139-140 content of sugar, 139 of tannin, 139 denounced by Charles II, 128 deprived of caffein, 141 derivation of term, 131 essence, 137 extracts, 137 habit forming, 129 historical, 125 houses, 129 introduction into England, 128 into Germany, 130 into New England, 131 into Paris, 130 methods of making, 140 of using, 127 misbranding, 147 not nutritious, 127 prohibited by Mahomet, 127 relation of flavor to chemical comi>osi- tion, 139 relative proportions of caffein and tan- nin, 141 stimulus of production, 126 testing in the cup, 133 tree, distribution in America, 131 description, 131 INDEX 413 CoflFee tree, localities suited to growth, 132 value, 145 Coffees blending, 143-144 names and classification, 133 Cognac, definition, 331 limitations of district, 344 map of districts, 344-34S of the north, 376 varieties of, 342, 343 vineyards, history, 340 wrong application of term, 331 Cola compound syrup, 112 drinks, 109 Cold destroys life, 91 water bag, 91 Cologne spirit, 279, 320 Colon bacillus, index of infection, 90 Color tests, 28 Columbus method of filtration, 42 Coming and going, 404 Concord grapes, 192 Constituents in distilled liquors, 281 Copper sulphate, 50 Copperas, coagulant, 43 Cordials, 380 classification, 380 flavors, 381 method of drinking, 381 Crus, first to fifth, 193, 194 Curacao, 384 Cynthiana grapes, 192 Darjeeling, 152 Decocainized leaves used in manufac- ture of Coca Cola, 408 Delaware grapes, 192 Delaware River a sewer, 64 Demerara rum, 368 Diarrhoea caused by water, 60 Diastase, properties of, 262 Disease carried by water, 59 Distillation, early in America, 396 in Salem, 370 in New Netherlands, 297 Distilled spirits, illegality of existing regulations, 330 quantity produced, 323-324 Roosevelt regulations, 328-329 Distilled spirits, Taft regulations, 329- 330 taxes collected, 324 ^ water, base of artificial mineral waters, 82 production, 82 waters, charging with carbolic acid, 83 properties, 83 Distiller, distinguished from rectifier, 294 Distillery, description of Irish, 315 early type, 301 first in Baltimore, 298 Distilleries, number, 324 in Scotland, 313 Distilling, licensed, 293 Divining rod, 12 myth dying out, 15 Dolce Apagoda, 238 Domestic wines, adulteration, 252 Drinking water, 1 1 Djrspepsia, waters in, 94 Dubonnet, 384 Dunder, 367, 368 definition and use, 360 Eau-de-vie, 331 de marc, 347 Egg nog, 392 Emillia wines, 223 Environment, influence on wines, 183 Erythroxylon coca, 405 Essences, excluded from beverages, 387 Ethers in distilled spirits, 280 Ethyl alcohol, flavor, 325 Eudiometer, 16 F Falemian wine, 219 Farm sanitation summary, 65 stills, 300 Fennel, 388-389 Fermented liquors, materials used in, 266 Ferruginous waters, 94 Filtration, 39 chemical, 40 effects of different methods, 47 mechanical, 41 sand, 41 414 INDEX Fins bois, 343 Flavor due to minute quantities, 282 Flavors, artificial in rectified spirits, 281 natural in soft drinks, 96 Flip, 369 Flor, 23s Fly, disease carrier, 62 Folic blanche, composition, 335 description and distribution, 334 Formian wine, 220 Formosa tea, 152 Franconian wines, 230 French wines, 193 classification, 193 Fusel oil, 279 percentage, 325 quantity, 280 Gay-Ola, iii Geneva, 300 origin of name, 375 German rum, 361 wine law, 230 wines, 225 character, 229 Geyser water, 72 Gin, definition, 375 distillation, 377 fizz, Ramos-, 390 Holland, 375 in Belgium and north of France, 376 made of neutral spirit, 377 magnitude of industry, 379 ofl&cial definitions, 375-376 production in United States, 379 ricky, 393 varieties, 377-378 Ginger ale, loi official definition, 102 Gout, waters in, 94 Grain whisky, 313 Grande champagne, 343 Grape juice, composition, 123 localities of manufacture, 122 method of manufacture, 124 no preservatives in, 123 Grapes, composition, 102 kinds used for American wines, 193 varieties used for Burgundy, 216 Green tea, 161 Gros sirop, 367 Guadeloupe rum, 366 Gypsum, detection in tea, 167 water, s H Hard cider, 119 water, 5 Hardness, cause, 6 importance of determining, 7 method of removing, 6 permanent, 5 temporary, 5 Harrison Narcotic Act, iia Hathom water, 72 composition, 73-74 Heat, depressing, 92 Heating virtues of waters, errors, 93 Heidleberg tun, 227 High balls, 393 Highland malt, 313 ' High rock water, 72 Hippocrates, water as a medicine, 91 Hock, 226, 229 Holland, center of gin industry, 378 gin, 375 Hollands, name of gins, 379 Horse's neck, 393 Hot rum with lemon, 394 springs, property of the United States, 80 water bag, 91 Hungarian wines, 231 Hydrotherapy antiquity, 90 useful in general practice, 95 Hypochlorite, cost, 52 efficiency, 51 of lime, 50 Hyssop, 388-389 Ice bag, 91 water, dangers, 32 Illicit distilleries, number and personnel, 316 Illinois River, pollution of, 38 Indian tea, 151 Indigo, detection in tea, 167 INDEX 415 Insanitary conditions in rural communi- ties, 63 Inulin, 146-147 lona grapes, 193 Irish whisky, 314 Irrigation water, 7 Ishy malt, 313 Iskebeagh, 377 Italian wines, 319 character, 33 1 districts of, 333-335 names of principal, 33i, 333 Ives grapes, 193 Jamaica rum, 359, 361 adulteration, 363, 364 classes of, 363 composition, 366 composition of, shipped to England, 36s differences in flavor, 365 German flavor, 365 manufactiue, 361, 363 trade destroyed by adulteration, 36s Japan teas, 153 Java, application of name, 133 cofl'ee, abuse of name, 135 defined by Dutch Government, 135 tea, 1 55 Juniper berries, 104, 377 Juniperis communis, 375 Kaffee-Hag, 106 Kefir, 373 Kirsch Wasser, 335 Koji, 373 Koumys, 373 Lake Erie, protection of, 39 Lake Michigan, fluctuating level, 37 protection of, 54 Latiiim wines, 334 Legislation, existing, 393-294 Lemonade, 105 synthetic, loi Lesbianwine, 330 Lie tea, 174 Liebfraumilch, 330 Liguria wines, 323 Lime, coagulant, 43 Limeade, 106 Limousin oak, 336 Lincoln water, 73 Liqueurs, 380 classification, 380 flavors, 381 Liqueur Pires Chartreux, 383 Liquid carbonic acid manufacture, 86 chlorine, 51 Lithia, 17 water, artificial, 69 not geographical, 70 Lombardy wines, 323 Lorraine wines, 338 Lowland malt, 313 M » Magnetic water, 72 Magnum, 251 Main wines, 337 Malaga de Color, 337 Malt extract, ofl5cial formula, 371 substitutes, 363, 366 Malt extracts, 270 Mamie Taylor, 393 Maple sugar, 283 Maraschmo, 394 Marches wines, 333 Mareotic wine, 330 Martinique rum, 367 Mash, density, 363 Massic wine, 319 Mat£, content of caffein, 165 Matter, kinds of, 30 Meals, water used, 31 Mediterranean wines, 334 Merchandise No. 5, 408 Milk, bad, carrier of disease, 63 fermentation of, 373 quality of, 374 shake, 393 Mineral salts, purity, 87 water tablets, 87 waters, adulteration, 81 artificial, 81-86 bacterial infection, 88 4i6 INDEX Mineral waters, classification, 67 concentrated, 70 curative claim, 80 definition, 66 fortified, 70 medicinal properties, 82 misbranding, 80 number, 66 official labeling, 69 Mint jiJep, 393 Mississippi River, bacteria in, 57 character of water, 56 pollution, 56 suspended silt, 57 Missouri pomace wine, 253 wine, 252 Mistela, 238 Mixed drinks, 390 containing rum, 394 Mocha, 126 application of name, 133 coffee, report of Consular Agen^ at Arden, 136 map of areas producing, 134 restriction of application, 137 Moonshine distilleries, distribution, 316 whisky, character,.3i7 Mosquito, disease carrier, 62 Muscles, water in, 30 Musigny wine, 215 N Nahe wine, 226 • Native wines, 182 Near beer, 104, 291 composition, 272 limit of alcohol in, 104 Necker wines, 227 Nephritis, waters in, 94 Neutral spirit, 279, 320 New Orleans water supply, 55 methods of purification, 57-59 New York method of purification, 39 Nitrates, 19 Nitrites, 19 Norton grapes, 192 Ohio River, protection of, 39 Ohio wine, 252 Ola drinks, 109 Old rum punch, 394 Tom, 378 Oolong Formosa, method of manufac- ture, 153 Orangeade, 105 Oxidation in septic tank, 45 Ozone, 51 Palatinate wines, 230 Paraguayan tea, 164 Paraxete, 237, 238 Peat, drying for Scotch whisky, 314 Peaty water, 11 Pedro Ximenes, 237 Peerless water, 72 Pekoe tea, 155 Penn-Cola, ni Permanganate of Potash, 53 Perry, 119 Persimmons, brandy from, 298 Petite champagne, 343 Philadelphia, method of water filtration, 41 Phylloxera, 341 American vines, 341 Piedmont wines, 223 Pipsissewa, 104 Plumbago, detection in tea, 167 Pollution, determination, 23 Pommard wine, 216 Pop, 105 Port wine, 240 adulteration, 246 areas of, 240 California, 246 character, 244 English consumption, 241 gathering the grapes, 243 good and bad vintages, 245 influence of climate on, 240 manufacture, 243 one-bottle-gentleman, 245 tjT)ical vineyard, 241 varieties of grapes, 244 loved by poets, 246 Old Virginia, 246 Porter, definition, 261 Portugal, wines of, 239 INDEX 417 Pousse caf6, 38a President's Homes Commission report on Cola and Ola drinks, 109-1 10 Propyl alcohol, 279 Prussian blue, detection in tea, 166 Punch, 3QO Purification by natural causes, 38 of drinking water, 33 Radioactivity, 18 Raisin wine, 183 Rapid sand filtration, 43 Read color method, 168-169 test, legality of, 1 70 Rectification, controlled, 330 economical advantage, 321 Rectified spirits, flavors, 326 whisky, definition, 319 Rectifier, definition, 294 Rectifying, growth, 331 Referee Board of Consulting Scientific Experts, report of, 267 Rheingau, 336 Rheinhesse, 337 Rheinpfalz, 337 Rheumatism, waters in, 94 Rhine wines, 225 Richebourg wine, 215 Romanes wine, 215 Root beer, 102 alcohol in, 102, 103 flavors in, 104 Rosemary, 388, 389 Roxa-Kola, 113 Rudesheini, 230 Rum, adulteration, 374 and milk, 394 and mint julep, 395 and molasses, 394 and rock candy, 394 bacterial origin of flavor, 363 bottled in bond, 307 character of still used, 371 consumption of, 373 cordial, 395 countries to which exported, 374 definition, 358 description yearly manufacture, 372, 373 27 Rum, distilleries, early established, 399 early adulteration, 370 general name for distilled liquors, 358 in mixed drinks, 394, 395 in New England, 368 in Rhode Island, 371 Jamaica, 359 large quantities manufactured in 1750.370 made from the juice of sugar cane, 363, 367 manufacture, 359 manufactured in old-fashioned stills, 371 much used in early times, 370 production in 1 810, 373 production of, 373 product solely of sugar cane, 358 punch, 395 Rums, quality of New England, 373 quantity bottled in bond, 310 raw material, 359 St. Croix, 361 time of fermentation, 360 varieties, 361 Sabine wine, 319 St. Louis vs. i>'i ! 4. 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