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PAGE Lime burning with gas 276 Limestone, Subcarboniferous identi- fied by Andrews 43 characteristics 43 localities 43 Lindsey gas field 174 Locke, John, Dr , mention of oil in Clinton 227 Logan group 39-42 best development 40 characteristics 40 conglomerate 39 connection with gas and oil 42 separation by Prof. Andrews 40 thickness 40-42 M Macksburgh anticline 51 associated with gas 51 associated with oil 197 analysis of crude oil 197 Manitoulin island 106 Marion township 131 wells of 132 Medina shale 16 color 17 thickness 16 Mendeljefi's theory of origin gas and oil 61 Anderson's statement of 62 character of 70 conflict with geology 69 examination of 67 process of formation 65 relation of oil fields to mountains 63 Mercer county gas wells 161 Celina pipe line 162 purchase of 164 Greenville pipe line 170 Mercer pipe line 164 wells of 165 pressure 162 Urbana pipe line 166 Van Wert pipe line 166 Mercer county oil wells .. 212 reservoir oil field 212 Mercer pipe line 164 wells of 165 Meters for natural gas 263-278 Monclova sandstone 24 N Newark gas field 231, 237 rates 239 PAGE Newark rock pressure 238 wells 238 Newberry, J. S., Prof., theory of origin gas and oil 72 Niagara group 18-21 area jg bitumens of 79 character of limestone 19 shale 19 thickness ig North Baltimore ^ ;as field 140 North Baltimore oilfield 305 Northeast lines 110, 111, 307 Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Co... 141 tow.ns supplied 142 0 Oak Harbor Natural Gas Company... 172 rates 173 Ohio Oil Company, 219, 221, 222, 224, 225 Ohio Valley oil field 257 Oil (see petroleum). Oil Creek, Pennsylvania 58 Drake well 59 fir&t important well 59 Oil fields— Buckland 213 Cadiz 250 - Cridersville 215 Findlay 218 Freeport 312 Gibsonburg and Helena 223 Lima 216 Macksburg 250 Ohio Valley 257 Reservoir, Mercer county 212 Spencerville 217 St. Mary's 213 Stuartsville 219 Wood county 306 Oil production of Trenton limestone. (See Trenton limestone). Oil sand 208 of Pennsylvania 30 Oil wells, number in Trenton lime- stone ,.. 211 acieage demanded 210 Olentangy shale 26 Olive shales 41 Ottawa county — gas wells 172 Oak Harbor field 172 rates 173 oil field 192, 913 INDEX. 32I PAGE Paragon refinery 201 capacity of 202 Peckham's theory — origin of gas and oil 75 examination of 76 Peerless refinery 204 Petroleum and natural gas — date of great development 59 early history of 57, 109 later history 59 origin 60 origin and accumulation (chapter) 55 vegetable origin 71 Pipe lines — Buckeye 4 195, 199 Carey 168 Celina 162 Columbus 241 Greenville 170 Mercer 164 New Bremen 161 Northwestern Ohio 141 Toledo 144 Urbana 166 Van Wert 166 Wapakoneta 160 rates at Toledo 145 Pipe lines, measurements of 297 examples ; 304, 305 formula for 298 rule for determination 299 table for pipe flow 300, 301 Pitot tube gauge 281 application to gag wells 283 examples 288 service capacity of gas wells 285 velocity of flow 284 volume of flow at well mouth 283 application to pipe lines 288 absolute measurements 294 tables 294, 295 correction for velocity curve.. 295 examples 296 measurement of pipe lines.... 289 precaution to be observed 290 tables for 292, 293 forms of 282 stream with frte exit 282 stream enclosed 282 references 281 Point Pleasant quarries 12 analysis of limestone 12 Prairie Depot oil field 314 PAGE Putnam county gas wells 192 Ottawa 192 wells of 193 B Refineries— Bradner 204 Eagle 203 Paragon 201 ' Peerless 204 Solar 203 Refining of Trenton limestone oil 201 Robinson, S. W., Prof.— invention pipe line gauge 266 on measurement of gas 281-305 Rock pressure of gas (see gas, natural). 8 Salina group 20 gypsum beds 21 in New York series 21 Salt water — cause of ascent 97 dead line to oil and gas 107 height of coltimn 97 pressure of, in oil field 209 quantity 96 specific gravity 100 Srndusky county — {ps wells 173 Gibsouburgh 173 Lindsey 174 supply of gas 174 use in lime kilns 173 oil wells. 223 Gibsonb'rgli and Helena fields 223 number of wells 225 Seneca county — gas wells 186 Fostoria 190 Tiffin 186 pipe line 188 rock pressure 189 utilization of. ..188, 189 wells 189, 190 oil wells 222 Shale, Ohio, or black — character of 27 fossils of 31 - 33 Newberry's classification 28 oil and gas of 78, 248 boundary of.. 32 Solar refinery 203, 216 G. 322 INDEX. PAGE Standard Oil Company 195 advances in price of oil 206 reductions in price 310 in Cadiz oil field 253 price of oil established by...l95-310 Solar refinery, of 203 St. Mary's village'corporation — gas line 157 Structure, relation to gas and oil (see natural gas). Stuartsville gas field 128 Stnartsville oil field Sylvania sandstone 23 locality 23, 25 thickness 24 Tables- cubic feet e;as discharged 286-287 for absolute measurement 294 for pipeline flow 300, 301 for Pitot tube gauge 292, 293 test for Pitot tube gauge 294, 295 Thurston gas field 231, 240 Columbus pipe line 241 discovery of gas 241 pressure 242 rates at Columbus 242 Tiffin Natural Gas Company 187 wells of 189, 190 Tiffin wells 138 Toledo pipe line 144 legal proceedings involved 149, 150 rates 145} 147 report of trustees 149 Trenton Falls 12 character of limestone 107 Trenton limestone — composition 13 106 cover of 14 dip of 12 extent of 11 gas production (1888-1890) 112 Auglaize county 156 Hancock county 112 Allen township 123 Cass township 131 Findlay (see Findlay field.) change of policy 120 discovery of gas 105, 112 depth of dead line 107 failure of gas 113 gas production H2 growth of city 113 PA6E Trenton Limestone — utilization of gas 119 waste of gas 113, 120 Marion township 131 Washington township 132 Hardin county 182 Mercer county 161 Ottawa county 172 Putnam county 192 Sandusky county 173 Seneca county 186 Wood county .,'. 133 Bloom township 133 Henry township 140 Perry township 138 Wyandot county .„ 174 guides in drilling....* m oil production of (1888-1890) 194 chemical analysis 197 conclusions 198, 199 development of the fields 211 Allen county 215 Auglaize county 212 Hancock county 218 Mercer county 212 Bandusky county 223 Wood county 306 Wyandot county 220 Geological factors 208 acreage of oil wells 210 capacity of single wells 210 life of oil wells 211 number of wells 211 oil sand 208 presence of saltwater 209 prices of oil 196 [199, 206, 314 production of oil to acre 210 used as fuel 206 qualities and uses of oil 196 chemical analysis 197 conclusions 198, 199 refineries — Bradner 204 Eagle 203 Paragon 201 Peerless 204 Solar 203 refining of Trenton oil 201 origin of name 12 place in scale 13 as reservoir 106 source of gas and oil 80, 105 thickness 14 thickness in Kentucky INDEX. 323 PAGE Trenton Limestone — topography 108 underground distribution 47 Tymochtee slate 23 Utica shale 14 Upper Sandusky field 176 production 180 records 178, 181 wells .' 177 Urbana pipe line 166 rates 168 Van Vleck, George... H.... 202 Van Wert pipe line 166 W Wall, G. P., on Trinidad asphalt 80 Wapakoneta pipe line 160 gas rates of .. , 161 Waterlime group 21-24 Waverly group 33, 42 boundaries 34 origin of name 33 Wells, deep — Amanda 243 Axe 158 Ballard 114 Bloomdale 136 Carey 175 Carnaham 127 Coshocton 245 Dewey 125 Dresden 246 Eaton 228 Findlay 125 Flushing 253 Gibson 221 Heck 118 Holliday 252 Hume 105 Hutfeon 125 Jones 114 Kagy 123 Karg 105, 114 Wells, deep — Lancaster 235 Loomis 187 Mansfield 245 McCarty •*• 173 Melott 125 Mt. Vernon 244 Newark 238 Pioneer 116 Plain City.. 246- Both well 131, 175 Somerset 246 Swable 221 Thorntree 131 Tippecanoe 117 Ware 126 Well records — Amanda '. 243 Coshocton 245 Flushing 254 Lancaster *. 232 Mansfield 245 Mt. Vernon 244 Plain 'City 246 Somerset 246 White, I. C., Prof.— anticlinal theory of 90 on Berea grit as source of oil and gas 249 theory of rock pressure 96 Winchell, N H 26 Wood county gas wells 133 Bloom township 133-137 Center and Plain townships 152 Henry township 140, 141 Perry township 138, 139 Portage and Liberty 151 Remaining townships 155 Waterville gas field 155, 156 Wood county oil wells 306 Wyandot county — gas wells 174 Carey field 174-176 Upper Sandusky 176-178 records of 178-181 oil wells.... .. 220 RETURN EARTH SCIENCES LIBRARY TO— ^ 230 McCone Hall 642-2997 LOAN PERIOD 1 1 MONTH 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS Books needed for class reserve are subject to immediate recall DUE AS STAMPED BELOW FORM NO. DD8 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720. 