None
395 Eaglb, monkey-eating, 117 Easter Island, 269 Edton hamata, 20 predatory 17 Ecitons, 17, 22 Egrets, 44 white, 44 Elam, Jacob, 375 Elaps, 320 ElateridsB, 379 Elephantiasis, 160 ElizcLbeth steamer, 388 Elote, 54 Elvan dykes, 96 Emigration in Nicaragua, 386, 387 Endives, 70 Epidemic amongst insects, 181 < amongst wasps in Great Britain, 181 Eipphytes, 6, 57, 183 Eriosoma, 229 Erythrina, 130, 345 Esquipula, 52 Essequibo, carved rocks of, 53 Estel^, 249 Eumomota superciliaris, 158 Evander nobilis (Bates), 317 ' Extinction of intermediate va- rieties that connected extreme forms, 182 Faibbairn, Mr., 1^4 Farina, 55 Fauna of the Malay Archipelago, 268 Felspar, 97 Ferns, 6, 57, 238 Fertilisation of flowers by birds, 130 foxglove, 131 marcgravia, 130 palosabre, 130 Festa, 49 Festivals, 278, 287 Fig-trees, 66, 69 Fireflies, 103, 317 Fissure veins, 87 Flight of birds that soar, 200 Floating plants, 44 Florida, 55 Florisuga mdlivora, ill Flour-mill, 296 Flowers, 279 fertilised by birds, 130 insects, 70 Fly-catchers, 123, 158, 291, 313 Foraging ants, 17, 198 Forbes, Mr. David, on auriferous quartz veins, 96 Forest of the Atlantic slope, 57, 185 Forest region, limit of the, 185 effect of cultivation on the, 186 Forest vegetation, 58 Formicarium, 72 Foxglove, fertilisation of, 131 Franklin on whirlwind in Mary- land, 302 Fresh -water animals, 331 plants, 331 Frogs, 321 on Peiia Blanca, 143 Gage, Thomas, on the Indians' respect for their priest, 282 Garrapatos, 210 Glacial beds, 248, 260 period, 264 scratches, 260 Glaciers, 263 Glands on plants, 219 Gneiss, 258, 277 Goascoran valley, 378 Gold, 88 bars, 93 distributioa of, in quartz veins, 91 concentration of, near the surface, 89 mining, 86 Gosse, P., on grassquit of Ja- maica, 291 Gourd-shaped pottery, 47 Gracias a Dios, Cape, 3 Granada, 341, 345 courts of law at, 345 396 INDEX. Granitic intrusive rocks, 96 Grass, Para, 308 Guinea, 308 Grasshoppers, 18 Grassquit, 291 Graves of chiefs, 169 Indian, 154 Green, Dr., 4 Greenstone, 86, 96 Gregarious birds, 123 Grenadillos, 66, 69 Grey town, i, 4, 13 trade of, 4 salubrity of, due to its flatness, 5 Grouse, 122 Guatuse, the, 38 Guatuses, Indians, 38 Guava jelly, 6 Guayava, 156 trees, 6 Guiana, British, food of the people of, 55 Guinea grass, 141, 308 QummiferfB, 218 Guzman, SeSior Fernando, 346 Oyrinidce, 299, 331 Gyrinus, 331 Half-breeds, 63 Harlequin beetle, 34 Hart, Prof., on glacial drift in South America, 265 ; on the elevation of Brazil in the glacial period, 267 Hawk, crab-eating, 161 Hawks, 128, 257, 340 Hayti, 55 Heavy rains, 104 Heer, Prof., on the Miocene Flora, 265 Heliconise, 13, 15, 58 HdicontdcBj 7, 384 Heliconii, the, 266, 316 Heliomaster pallidicepSf 112, 130 Bdiothrix ba/rrotif 113 Helix, 333 Hemiptera, 315 Herrania purpurea^ 116 Hetperidfx, 108 Hewitson, W. C, 479 Hickory, 46 Hides, 4, 342 Hollenbeck, Mr., 4, 9, 43, 374, 380, 388 Momoptera, 226 Honduras, Gulf of, 378 Honey glands, 219 Hornet, 319 Horse-flies, 313 Horses, 48 Hot winds of Australia, 305 Huaco, 202 Huexlotl, 205 Humble bee, 70, 131 Humboldt on hairless dogs, 205 on origin of the Mexican and Eastern Asiatics, 370- 373 on origin of whirlwinds, 301 Humming-birds, 58, 159, 315 abund^mce of, 139 nests of, 140 rapidity of flight, 140 bathing, 137 fertilising flowers, 131 tongue of, 1 13 Humuya valley, 378 HydrophUidcB, 331 Hydrophilus, 331 Hymenoptera, 27, 28 Bypoelinea, tp., 20, 1 8 1, 227 "Ibis," the, 377 Ice, influence of, in volcanic erup- tions, 356 leteridce, 290 Icterus pectoralis (WagL), 328 Igneous injections, 97 Iguana, the, 338, 339 India-rubber, 4, 32-34, 39, 328 342 Indian antiquities, 50, 165 carving, 217 children, 38 cooking vessels, 293 INDEX. 397 Indian graves, 154, 166, 169, 170 houses, 40 love of flowers, 279 names of towns, 293 Indians, brown, 364 red, 365 origin of the, 363 wholesale baptism of, by Spanish conquerors, 167 Indigo, 4, 297, 328, 342 Indolence of natives, 298 Insect life at night, 174 traps, 183 Insectivorous birds, 7 Insects, instinct of, 313 mimetic, 315, 381 Instinct of ants, 26 butterflies, 109 cockroaches, 109 Interoceanic canal, 36 Ixodes bovis, 209 Jaoanas, 3, 158 Jaguar, 30, I44, 174, 286 Jamail^, 251 Janson, Mr., 380 Jatropha maniJiotf 70 Javali lode, 89 mine, 60 river, 106 " Jicara, 46, 156 Jinotega, 204, 240, 293 Jos^, San, 15, 45 plains, 374 Juan, San, river, i, 15, 35 bar of, 2 ; del Norte, i Juigalpa river, 150, 156, 157, 163, 176 KroNEY-BEANS, 73 Kingfishers, 158 Kingsley, Canon, account of vol- canic eruption of St. Vincent, 350-355 ; on the dry land con- necting the islands of the West Indies, 267 Kotzebue's voyage round the world, 372. Lacandones of Guatemala, 155 Lagoon, 5 Lamellicorns, 379 LampyridcB, 317 Land-shells of the West Indies, 268 Landslips, 86, 95 Las Lajas, 60 Lasso, 189 Laurentian rock, 259 Laziness of natives, 245 Lead, 89 Leaf-cuttingant,the, 127,219,225 destructive- ness of, 73 ; method of eradicat- ^^Q* 77 ; growers of mushrooms^ 79 ; nests of, 80, 81 ; food of 81 ; duties, &&, 82 ; reasoning powers, 83 Leaf-hoppers, 226 ants attending, 227 wasps attending, 228 Leaf-iiisect, 8, 381 Legrand d'Aussy, 367 Lenca Indians, 155 Leo Amontli, 357 Leptalides, 385 Lettuces, 70 Leucoptemus ghiesbregktif 340 Lianas, 6, 33, 57 Libertad, 150 mines, 95, 150 Lime, 74 trees, 65 dtone, 310 Lizards, 12, 312 tree, 339, 340 Locust, 19 Lodes, 86 ; Consuelo, 89 ; San Benito, 89 ; San Antonio, 89 ; Javali, 89 Lodes, deterioration in depth of, 90 ; direction of, 86 ; dip of, 86 Logwood, 4 Longicorn beetles, 7, 69, 104, 127, '59» 173, 180, 379, 380 Lorenzo, San, 323 Los Cocos, 330 Louisiana, 55 Lowering of the level of the sea in the glacial period, 266 398 INDEX. Lymnsea, 333 Lymnseacea, 333 Maoawb, 196 Maceio, subject to fevers, 5 Machuca, 31 McieJdeania, 142 M'Crae, Colonel, 32 Madeira peaks, 147 Mahogany, 34, 328 Maize, 53-56, 328, 386 cultivation of, 53 eaters, 54, 55 stone grinders, 55 food of the people of north- east Brazil, 55 ; of Mexico, 55 ; of British Guiana, 55 ; of western side of tropical America, 55 ; of the Caribs, 55 Malacatoyo river, 314 Malayan dialects, 269 Mallocera sjpinocoUis ( Bates ), 3IS» n. Mammalia, 28 Mandioca, 55 Mango trees, 4, 66 Mangos, 161 Manihot aipimj 55 Mantos, origin of, 95 Marcgravia nepenthoides, 128, 129 Marcgravia fertilised by birds, 130 pitchers of, 130 Masaya, 330, 346; lake of, 346, 347, 355 ; volcano of, 347, 355 ; strata at, 348 ; origin of strata at, 349 Masaya Indians, marriage custom of, 36 Matagalpa, 203, 217, 231 Maury, Prof. T. B., on origin of cyclones, 301 Mayas, 156 of Yucatan, 363 Melastomse, 13, 58, 222 Melzer, 60 MembraciSf 226 Mercury, 93, 94 Mestayer^ M., 341 Mestizos, 92, 202 Metlate, 56, 293 Mexico, maize in, 55 food of people of, 55 Miasma, 6 Miau-tsze, 367, 369 Mice, 23 Michel, 367 Mico river, 52, 150, 151, 188 MicrocJiera parvirostris, 138 Microscopical cavities in rocks, 97 Migrations of butterflies^ 152 Miguel, San, volcano, 350 Miguelito, San, 177 Mimetic form s, 8, 3 14 ; explanation of, 383 insects, 315, 381 Mineral veins, 96 ; formation of, 99 Mineralogical specimens, 99 Miners, Indian, 63 Mines, 86, 89 ; Javali, 60 ; Santo Domingo, 86 ; Libertad, 95 ; El Coquimba, 258 Miocene Flora, 265 Mirage, 300 Mocoim, the, 209 MoUusks, marine and freshwater, 335 ; land and freshwater, 332-337 Melania, genus of, 336 of the isthmus of Darien, 264 Mombacho, volcano of, 345 Momotus lessoni, 123 martii, 123 Monkeys, 35; sagacity of, 119; speech of, 120 white-faced, 11 8-1 20, 316, 341 Moneduia Smrijiamenm (Eabr.), 313 Montezuma, 47 MorddUdcBf 318 More, Sir Thomas, account of Utopia, 29 MorpJios, 7 Morpen, Dr., 70 Mosas, 63 Mosquitoes, 14, 32, 103, 374, 375 Moss insect, 382 Moths, 104, 174 migatory, 153 Mot-mots, 16, 22, 122, 123, 158, 199 INDEX. 399 Mot-mots, tails of, 124 Mountain hens, 121 Mules, 48 — ^ bitten by spiders, 323 sagacity of, 189 ; thieves, 256 Murderers, punishment of in Ni- caragua, 275 Muscovy ducks, 203 Muy-muy, 214 Mycetes paUicUus, 35 MygoLcj 32.3 Myriapods, 140 Nahuatls, 44, 155, 364, 365, 370, 371, 373 Names of natural features of a country important in an inquiry as to the original inhabitants, 106 ; of places corrupted, 107 Nancito, 6, 156 Nandasme, 358 Nectarvnaf 228 Negroes, 63 Nelson, Lord, capture of Castillo, 31 Neoclytus (Eaopus (Bates), 315, n. NephUa, 108, 317 Nequen, 360 Nests, of birds, 289 ; of wanps, 290 Neuwied, Prince Maximilian, on nest of Tody, 291 Nicaragua, bird fauna of, 377 ; civil war in, 342; conquest of by Spaniards, 359 ; division of, into three zones, 328 ; emigra- tion to, 386, 387 ; insects of, 379 Nicaragua, name of chief, 359 Nicaraguan judges, 105 soldiers, 63 Nicaraguans, hospitality of, 275, 285 ; litigious, 105 and Mexicans closely re- lated, 362 Nicoya, Gulf of, 359 Night- jars, 174 Nispera, 92, 116 Nispral, 59 Nocturnid animals, 173 OcALOA, 216 Ocelots, 174 Ocon, Seiior Trinidad, 328 Ocotal, 255 CEcodoma, 71-84 Olama, 203 "Old man's beard," 238 Omotepec, 43 ; island of, 362 ; peakis, 147 Onions, 70 OnUcuSf 115 Opossums, 23, 174 Orange tree, 4, 65, 68 Orchids, 6 ; on Pefia Blanca, 142 Ore, extraction of, 92 ; reduction ^U 93 ) testing of, 89 Orinoco, carved rocks of, 53 Omithorhynchos, 142 Oropendula, 290 Orihoptera, 381 Owls, 174 Palaoaouina, 249, 283 Palms, 4, 13, 35, 58 Palosabre, 130 Papaws, 66 PapiliOy 108, 299 Par^ grass, 141, 308 MelastomsB at, 224 Parasites, 84 ; on wasps' nests, 134 Parasitical insects, 209 Parrot, green-leek, 197 Parrots, 6, 22, 158 Parsley, 70 Pasaijlora quadrangvlarist 69 Passion-flower, 224 Patagonia, migrations of butter- flies, 153 Paton, Mr., 5 Pavon, 60 Pavdnes, 12 1 Pivos, 121 Peaches, 183 Peas, 70 Fediculi, 210 PedrariaSf 359 Pe&a Blanca, ascent of, 143 ; rocks of, 146, 148 ; precipice of, 146 Pendope^ 121 400 INDEX- PerUatoma punicea, 127 Peopling of barren spots, 246 Pemambuco, healthiness of, 5 Peroxide of manganese, 89 of iron, 89 Peru, maize found in raised beaches and tombs, 55 PetasopJiora ddphina^ 112 Petrels, 201 PkcBthomis longirotli'iSt 130 PhalangidcB, 19 Phasedus muUiHoruSt 70 Phasma, 383 PheidciU, sp., 181, 224, 227 Phenaz, 229 Phosnieothraupia fusieaudaf 128 Phosphorescent myriapods, 141 Physa, 333 Pigeons, 46 wild, 158 Pigs, wild, 10, 30 Pine-apples, 66 trees, 216, 236 Pinuela, the, 254 Pinul, 293 PinuUo, 293 Pinits ten/aifdiay 238 Pixmia lycoides (Walker), 317 Pisoti, 120, 339 Pita, 57 Pital, 53 Plains, 46, 51 Planorbis, 331, 333 Plant-lice, 71, 226 Plantains, 12, 67, 386 Plantain -trees, 345 Plato, on theisland of Atlantis, 270 Platyrhynchus, 123 Pliocene period, 264 Plough, Nicaraguan, 239 Plutonic intrusive rocks, 97 Pdistea camifex, 135 Polybia occidentalia, 220 Polyraphis Fabriciif 380 Pompilus polistoides, 133 Porphyritic dykes, 97 Port Juat, veins of granite and quartz at, 97 Pot-holes, 163 Pottery, 32, 1 54 ; ancient Indian, 154 ; gourd-shaped, 47 Poaches in MelastomsB, 223 Precipice at Pe&a Blanca, 146 PriocnemiSt 319 Prionyrhynchus ectrinattu, 123 Pseudomyrma bieolor, 219 Psidiunif sp., 6 Pterochrozaf 382 Pnerta, La, 324 Pulque, 232 Pumpkins, 66, 70 QuABTZ, 89; conglomerate, 253, 286 ; rock, 258 ; veins, 86 Quebrada de Santo Domingo, 106 Quequisquea, 70 Quesal, the, 247 Quiches, 155 QuisccUuSf 213, 329 Rafael, San, 242 Rampkastus tocard, 124, 197 JRamp?ioeoeltL8 passerimi, 6, 128 aanguinolentuSf 128 Rats, 23 Rattles, Indian, 154 Reasoning powers in insects, 137 Reeve, Mr. Rosa viUosa-f 226 Rose, glands on, 225 Rosechafer, 127 Salto, El, 163 Salvin, Mr. Osbert, 377 Sanate, the, 213 ^ INDEX. 401 Sand-flies, 103 San Sebastian, 50 Santarem, wasps at, 135 Sap, rise of, 232 Sareoptif 211 Sarracenia, 184 Savallo river, 35 Savannahs, 46, 51 Scale insects, 222, 225 Scarlet-runners, 70 Schomburgk, 53 Sclater, Dr., on the species of Crax, 121 Scorpions, 22, 174 Season, dry, 2 ; wet, I Seemann, Mr., 374, 375 Segovia, townships of, 254 Selection, artificial and natural, difference between, 207 Self-government of the small In- dian towns, 282 Seripiqui river, 15 Sharks, 3 Sharp, Dr. D., on water-beetles, 332 Shells, 331 ; of the Caribbean pro- vince, 264 ; of the Fanamic pro- vince, 264 Silkworms, 183 Silver, 88 — . — mine, 258 Simpson, Dr. J. H., 76 Siphonia elasticaf 33 Sisitote, 50, 328, 159 Skunk, the, 174, 249, 320 Slavery, 64 Snakes, 159 Social flocks of birds, 122 trees, 237 Sodium used in amalgamation, 93, 94 action of, on mercury, 94 Soldiers, Nicaraguan, 63 SolenopsiSj sp., 181, 226 Sontuli, 288 Sorby, Mr. H. 0., on microscopical cavities in quartz, 97 SouflFri^re, the, 351 Spaniards, invasion of Nicaragua by, 359 ; cruelties practised by, 361 SpermophUa divaceay 29 1 Spiders, 8, 17, 19, no, 174, 314, 315, 317 Spider-monkeys, 1 1 7, 118, 341 Spi/niger luteicornis, (Walk,), 319 Spiny plants and trees, 46 Spiranthes autumnaliSf fertilisa- tion of by humble bee, 132 Spoons, horn, for testing ores, 89 Spruce, Mr. R, on migrations of butterflies, 153 Squiers, Mr., 362 ; on the Lenca Indians, 155 Squatters, 13 Stamps, 93 StaphylinidcBf 81 Statues, 165 ; mutilation of, 167 ; stories of, on banks of the Rio Mico, 53 Steamboats on San Juan, 41 Steamers, river, 42 Sterility, 206 Still, native, 233 Stone axes, 1 54 hatchet, 41 implements, 32, 41 maize-grinders, 165, 293 Storekeepers, Nicaraguan, 62 Stove, Indian, 244 Strabo, 367 Sugantia, 1 40 Sugar, 4, 56, 328, 342, 386 cane, 56, 6y plantations, 56 Sugarloaf hills, 179 Suiti, 40 Sulphate of silver, 89 Sulphide of copper, 89 iron, 89 Sun-dews, 184 Superheated steam in rock, 98 Swallows, 159 Sweet potatoes, 70 Swordsmen, 293 Smetonia mahogani, 34 TdbanuSt 313 Tablasdn, 193 Tceniotes secUaris (Fabr.), 69, 181 2 C 402 INDEX. Talcose schists, 253, 260 Tanagers, 6, 35, 122 Tapir, 144 Tarantula spider, 323 Techichi, the, 206 Termites, iSi Thalse, the god of rain, 168 Thalurania venusta, 138 Theda^ 299 Theobroma c(K(Mf 116 Theopompus, on a large island outside of Europe, Asia, and Africa, 270 Thunderbolts, 154 Tibareni ,of Pontus, 367, 369 Ticks, 209 Tierrabona, 299 Tiger-beetles, 127, 159, 299 Tillandsia, 6, 183 Tillandsia iisneoidet, 237, 289 Timetes, 108 Timetes chiron, 152 Tinamus, 121 Tiste, 293, 326 Tody, the, 291 Toledo, 161 Toltecs, 363 the ciUtivators of maize, 55 Tomatoes, 70 Tongue of humming-bird, 113 woodpecker, 1 14 Tortillas, 56 Totagalpa, 253, 278 Toucans, 6, 22, 35, 122, 124 beak of, 197 Trachyte, 299 Trade of Greytown, 4 winds, 5 Transported boulders, 262 Trap-rocks, 96 Trappean dykes, 96, 98 Tree-cactus, 237 Tree-ferns, 15 Trend of ranges of San Domingo, 86 Trogons, 20, 22, 50, 122, 123, 162 IVogon atricollis, 122 ccdigattiSt 122 elegans, 162 females, dull-coloured, 122 melanoc^?uilu8 (Gould), 50 Trogon resplendenSy 247 Trumpet tree, 222 Tschudi, on indigenous dogs of tropical America, 206 Tufas, volcanic, 346 Tylor, Mr. Alfred, on the reduc- of the level of the sea, 266 Tylor, E. B., on the Couvade, 368, 369 ; his " Early History of Mankind," 366, 368, 369; on whirlwinds in Mexico, 302 Ubaldo, San, 45, 374 Ulleros, 33, 37, 39, 41 UUi, 33 Unio, 331 Urania leUus, 153 Utopia, 29 Vacqubbos, 189, 191 Valleys, 85 ; denudation of, S6 ; excavation of, 85 Value of the ore at Santo Domingo, 88 Vanilla jilanifclia^ 57, 70 Vegessima, La, 4, 239 Velasquez, Don Francisco, 78 Vertebrata, 28 Viduas, 123 Vieni par a^a, 290 Vincent, St., volcano in, 350 ; Canon Kingsley's account of, 350-355 Virgin Islands, carved rocks of, 53 Volcanoes : Caracas, 351 ; Cosa- guina, 350 ; Masaya, 347, 355 ; San Miguel, 350 ; St. Vincent, 530 Vultures, 200 Wallace, A. R., on AngrcBcum sesquipedale, 133 ; on brightly- coloured caterpillars, 320 ; on the faunas of the Malay archi- pelago, 268 INDEX. 403 War, not always a curse, 171 Wari, 30, 35 Wasps, 7, 22, 157, 313 attending leaf -hoppers, 228 ; hunting for spiders, 133 ; kill- ing caterpillars, 135 ; nests of, 290 ; taking note of place to which they wish to return, 135 Water-bearing plants, 183 Water-beetles, 174, 331, 332 Waterfall near Santo Domingo, 107 of El Salto, 163 Water liana, 232 West Indian cyclones, 306 Westwood, Professor, on nests of Mygale, 323 Whirlwinds, 300-307 origin of, 301 Whitecap, 138 White-faced monkey, 1 1 8- 1 20, 316, 341 Wine- palm, 232 Wolves, 48 Women, Nicaraguan, 64 Woodlouse, chased by ants, 115 Woodlice, 22, 1 74 Woodpeckers, 122, 123 tongue of, 114 XiOALLi, 47 Xilomen, 54 ; feast of, 54 Xilotl, 54 Xoloitzcuintli, the, 205 Yalaguina, 253, 283 Tales, 248 Yucatan, the cross in, 168 Yuccas, 70 Zeolite, 299 Zones, the three, of Nicaragua, 328 THE END. 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