None
616 Fusible alloys, 768 Gsbbro. 240 Gneim, 240, 24S, 260 Grain growth m steel, 661 Granite, 238. 245. 248, 250, 262, 2S6, 200 Granite, also see aggregate Graphite. 590 Gray cast iron, 507 Gillmore needles. 389 Goveroraent bronie, 746, 767 Grappier cement, 365 G rips for tension leets, 73 Gum (wood). 160 Gun metal, 744. 768 Gypsum, 366 Gypsum plasters: hard flnished p'laster, 360 manufacture of, 366 plaster of Paris. 3S7 uses of, 366 Gypsum products, 309 Hardening of cement, 800 of lime, 361 of plaster of Paris, 362 of steel, see steel Hard materials, definitian of, 7 HardnesH, kinds of, 137 Hardness tests: Drinell method, 130 Brinell vs. sderoecope, 129 mdentation teats, 128 scteroBcope method, 130 Heartwood. 144, ISO, ISO Hemlock. 160 Hkkoiy, 160 128 .dr,yGoogIe High ipeed Bteel. B86, TB6 Bot bUut Btovra, 535 Hydraulic cements, 301 Hydraulic lime, 365 I-beun, loUs for an, 561 I-beuDB, tmtB of steel out from, 055 Impact, deformations in, 43 Impact, itrenea in, 43. 309 Impact teats, methods for, 12G Impact tests. -selection of machinca for, 125 Improved oemeats, 358 ladentatioQ teetsi 128 Ingot iron, 587. Iron, corrosion of, 788, 790. cntical teinperatures, 590 importance of , 637 protection uf, 800 structures of iron-corboo alloys. S96 Iron and steel, classification of, 585 composition of, 589 effect of elements ~- production ofi 542 Irrai and steel, constituti ■lloyina relations of iro .~^, 891 n oorrodibility, 798 ditiOHl temperatures, 690 feiTite,fi90 grapUle,590,594 peiulite,592 structures in iron-carbon alloys, 595 Iron ores: associated elements. 629 classes of, 528 production of, 629 reduction of impurities in, 638 sources uf. 527 tieatment of, 631 Key W speuieit of wood, 170 L& Farge Fement. 365 Lateral deformation under direct stress, 4 Lead, 522, 736 Lead-antimoDy allays. 756 Lead-BDtimuny tin alloys, 756 Lead-bronses. 747 Lead-tin alloys, 766 Le Cbatelier's tongs for testing soundnCBS of cement, 387 bunung ol, 350 classes o(. 359 hardeninfC of, 361 high calcium. 359 hydrated, 362 hydraulic, 365 kUn, 360 a nick lime, 359 aking of, 361 tesling of, 362 uses of. 354 Lime mortar, propertJes of, 363 Limestone. 240 resistance to BEKTeRBte .braaion. 260; also see of. 210 Limite of slre» for an indefinite number of reiietirions. 7!-0 Loacliim. '•"'■■' ■■' i" •'•■<■ '■"'■ -"7. 701 aalium, 755 Malleable cast ir annealing of, 721 casting. 720 compositiOD of. 721 importance of. 710 mdleabiUly of. 726 melting charge for, 719 molding. 720 nature of, 718 strength ot. 723 structure of, 722 testing of. 722 Malleable materials, definition of, 7 Manganese bronie, 742, 748 Manga neae steel. 678 Magnolia metal, 756 Maple. 160 Marble, 241. 255-260 Mayari steels. 684 Measurement of deformation, see different teste Mechanical teste, classification of, OS Mechanical teeta. observations on, 97 Mechanical teste, uses ol, 138 Metallurgy defined, 521 Metals, ciyBtallire stnietureol, 670 Metals for bearings. 747, 758, 767, 767 Metals of construction, the, 521 Metals, principles Minerals ir "' — Mil igofci Mixtures of metals. 568 Modulus of elasticity, definition, 3 Modulus of elasticity, determination of, 10 Modulus of elasticity in shear. 5 Modulus of elasticity, secant modulus, 11, 477 Modulus ot elasticity, volumetric, 4 Moist closet for cement testing, 397 Monel metal. 739, 768, 770, 802 Mortj MoHledcL __. Multi[>lying dii-iden, 92 Munli mctel. 740, 76H. 802 Morlar, Portland cement: absorption of. 490 adhesion of, 445, 457 alkali water, resistance to, 344 definition, 407 efToct of Freezinfl on strength, 406 claatic properliea of, 475 eipanaion of. 334 modulus of elasticity. 476, 478 oils, effect of, 347 placement of, 443 proportioning of, 427, 432, 815 sea water, reeistance to, 346 sugar, eflecte of. 348 temperature ehangos in setting, 344 yield in, 412, 435 Mortars, Portland cement, strength of: SB vB. strength, 330 ect of character of fine aggregate, 451 effect of RTBdstion o( aggregate, 453 effect of hydrated lime, 457 elTect of mica. 457 effect of per rent of cement, 451 effect of per rent of water, 323, 457 Google Morton. Portland cement, stivikctli of (Cim.) high temperature effects itreDgth, 3^ low temperature efTecU •trancdi, 341 remiiiEg, effect of, 339 retemperinx. effect of, 339 tensile atrenRth of, 330 ti-HUHvene Btreosth, 334 Naila. holding force of, 226 Natural cement:' choracteriatiea of, 350 ' definition of. 349 maautactuie of, 340 uaeaof, 353 Naval bran. 743. 748 Nickel; extraction of, 738 production of, 73B u»6, 533, 739 Nickel-ctirome Bteel, 683 Nickel Bteel, 674, 764, 766, 768, 770 8ak, ISO; aUo aee lltnber _ien-heu'th furnace, G62 Open-beartb procei* for maJdng ateel, 651 tine, 731 Ore depoaitji, value of, 624 Ores, preparation for extraction of metals, 625 O veiB train, in aleel, G61 Patterns for cast-iron molds, 601 Paving brick, 289 Pearlite, 606 Permeability of concrete, ae* concrete Pic iron, sradea of, 539 Fig iron, manufHcture. 532 Pig iron, purification of, 642 Pig iron, reoctiooa in eitractini, 536 slags, 540 Pine, 158, eec also timber Pipe, clay, 297-299 Pipe, clay, testing of, 277 Pipe, conduit, 300 Plates, grooved, strength of, 665 Plastic maleriali, definition of, 3 Plaster of Paris, 367 Phosphor bronie, 746, 768 Phosphorus, effects of, aee ateel. cast iron, wrought iron Poisson's ratio, definition of, 4 PoisBon's ratio, values of, 4, 255, 480 Poplar. 160 Portland cement: alkalies in, 305, 320 aluminain,303,321 carbon dioxide in, 306 characteristics of, 302 colloids in, 307 composition of. 303 cDDBlJIutionof, 305 effect of adulteration on specific Eravity. 329 effect of exposure to air. 330 effect of degree of burning. 322 effect of tempvraturE on setting, 328 iron oxide in, SIM lime in, 303. 320 maxneala in. 304, 320 nature of, 301 proportioning of. 303 ■eaaonini, effect of, 323 ■ettini and hardening of, 300 riliMiti. 303 ■oundneas, conditions influendnx, 330 iqiedfla gnm^, conditions efleeting, 329 atiength, conditions effecting, 331 sulphur in. 30S lime of set, eooditiinu eBecting, 326 white Portland. 353 Portland cenenti burning, 315 corapenaon of wet and dry pi grinding clinker, 317 grinding raw materiala, 312 - importance of, 310 kilDB,316 Portland cement, tealing of; adhedon teats. 401 autodave teat. 388 ball method for conristsney, 383 boiling teat. 387 briquette, rate of loading, 397 briquettM. eocenlric loading of. 39 briquettes, molding of. 304 briquettes, streaswi bi, 393 clipa for. 3 oonsistenQr for. 382 Feret'a eonaiateney formula, 384 »87 machinea tat testing, 396 mixer for mortaia, 304 mixing of pastes, 362 moist cloaet for, 397 necessity for. 371 per cent water in. 382 penneahitity of mortata. 4M porosity of mortara, 403 ■amplliig, 37i -^~ig of, 379 apecificatiaas for, 372 specific gravity, 377 storage of qiecimenx, 397 tennon lest method. 391 tensioii tost, raaaous for, 392 tension last, value of, 393 lime of ael, 389 value of Bi Vicat method for consisleney, 383 Vicst va. Oillmore test. 390 yield in mater, 403 Portland cement mortar, ase mortar Portland cetD*nt products, 613 Preservation of timber, 185 Prisma and cubes, cnutung atrencth of, 113 noportionJng oononte. Me eonento Fnddliiis hiniaoe, M4 PunoliinK uid ihearitix. injuriouB efl«cta of. 656, 6A5, 134 QuUltitiM of Mi Qiurteiiiis of mmiiles, 37S Qoanabins of itMl, ne iteel, hudsiuiiK of •ffacta of, in toDsioD tMU. lOB in eament t«atin(, 302. 397 in compreolon teats, 117 in timber teetinc 207 lUttler^tMt oT paving brick, 807 Reduction of Bre*. iioroe&tage of, 13 Reduction in Toliing, effect of: Red wood, 161; tito lee limber RefKctoiT bdok, 291 Repeated itraM, deoigninc of puii aubjected to, 781. 7M Repeated atraea, limita lor. 780 R«p«atad atnaaing of ileel, effecta of. 771 ReeDienoe a meaaure of ahock naistAnro. 41 RaaOIenoe deGned. 38 Redlence In croaa bending, 40 SedlienGe in impact. 43 RcailleDee. in lenuon and compresBlon. 39 BeailienM of different mateiiala, aee material inqueation Rock.kinaaot,337 Ruating of inw and ateet, 788, 700 S*lt, «Rect of. on oonorete. 408 Band oamenta, 3fiB Sand for «mat-inin i elfect of cmnpoaitlon, 414 effect of grading eiaea of m Sand Ume brick, 288 Sandatone. 342, 360, 351, 263, 268, 360-260; alao aee aggregate Sapwood, 144 ScMne waahing apparatui for determining ^ tot mortw and ooncrelA, 410 -olta, atrength of, 603 Seaaon enwking cd braaae*, 748 Sea mler, effect on concrete, 600 Semi atMl, 688 Setting of cement, aee eeniHit In qnettion Sewer pipe, oaraent, 618 Shaken for otment and aand, S70 Shear streM. in wooden beams, 30 ^war BtreM, Upton's method for true, 23 Hieat stteea, variation in beams, 28 Shear teats, ohiecta of, 131 Bliear testa, apecimena for, 133 n alloys to reuat oorroaion, 700 Solder, 7Sa Solid solutiona. 668 Specifications for paving brick, 6C7 Spedfioaiioiu', list of A. 8. T. M., Appendli C Specimens, also see various teats SpecinienB for tension tests, 105 Specimens, loading of, 72 SpecimenB, preparation of. 102 Specimens, selection of, 101 Spikes holdiDB force of, 220 Spring wood and aummer wood, 143. 180, 217 It testing, 391. B, 159 Standard aand for cei Sleel: annealing efferta, 630 annealing of, 626 omenic in, S34 carbon content, relation of to properties, 610 carbon in, 600 9arbon, effect on ductility, 616 carbon, effect on elasticity, 616 carbon, effect on hardeDtne. 636 carbon, effect on strength, 612 carbon, effect on atresB-diagram. 610 carbon, effect on toughnesr, 610 carbon range of content in ateeU, 020 cold rolling of, 667 cold twiBtiu){. 658 cold working of. 6M cold working, distortion due to, 660 composition of structural. 621 compreaaive strength of. 614 compressive strength of when confined, 666 copper in, 634 corrosion of. Stresses, repeated, diagram for calculating endurance under. .776 Stresses under repeated loads, 778 Stresses, working, diseram for, 784 ^'frrMPM wnvlrinfT in timlwr 90O orking, in timber, 229 abrasive re abnorption of, 262, S64 add tesU for, 247 basalt, 240 Brard s test for. 247 classes of, 237 conglomerates, 242 cross bending strength, 258 crushing strengtb, 252, 266. 2 density of, 251 diabase, 240 diorite, 240 durabiUty of, 246, 246 elasticity of. 257 eipannon in wato', 26S freeiing test for, 246 fire lest on^ 248 1.240 luneatoi luneatone. 240 marble, 241 mineral coostituenta in. 235 Poiseon's mtio tor, 366 porosity of. 251 preservation ol, 245 production of, 286 sandstone, 242 selection of. 234 shearing strength, 268 stBie, 243 sources of production, 234 specific gravity of, 250, 252, 258. 36 strength of, 264. structure of, 23B thermal expansion of. 249 troasvetse strength of slate. 257. trap rock, 240 wearing resistance. 258 weatbetjng of, 243 weight of, 250, 262, 266, 258, 260 Storage bath for cement test, 9)8 Structure of: stedTl ■,571 wood, 163-170 wrought iron, 608 Sulphur, effect of, in metals, sea metal b question Sycamore, 162 .dr,yGoogIe TsfliogB, tor aggregate, 426, 435. 463 Tamaraok risrch), 161 Trmpeislure. affecta of, on properties of metals, 7eS Temperiiig ot sUwl, 640 Tensile teatB: cron knife edgee for, 76 eiteoKimeter teeta. 111 fracture chometeriiHtion in. 1 10 genenl phenomena accompanying, 7 gripe for. 73 metliodB for commercial testa. IDS objects in commercial teflta, 105 obnrvBlions in coAunerdal teste, 109 results obtained, H MgniGcuiee of, 104 speeds in commercial teeta, lOK spheiicBl aeated holders for specimens. 73 types of, 13 Tem-cotta. 297 Test tor season crocking of bnusea. 749 TsatiiiE appHtstua. refereDi'SE on, 95 Tests for determining resistnni^e lo repeated K) see tensile, comprewive. etc. calibration of. 9S cold bend. 60 conditions which ahould obtain in. I Emery, 54 endurance, 70 for cement, 395 hardnees. Brinell ball tester, 68 •clerometer for, 68 ~ scleroscope for, 69 hydraulic praae, S5 impact, drop type of, 66 esiienttal conditions in, 66 pendulum types. 66 Kommers' repeated stress, 7t Olsen, 61 Riehl6. 53 ahear teat appliances, 61 tonoonal, 62 Whitfr&uther, 71 WShler's, 70 Thickness of rolled shapes, influence < properties, 653. 730. 735 Threads or '^-'- ' " n screw-bolts, infiuence of fcrm <rf, cleavabiiity of, 211 color of, 148 composition of wood. 180 compressive stiengUi of: acroBH nnio. 197 influence oF seasoning on, I paralJel to Rrain, 196 coniferous, 141 crow bendinR Bfrennth, 203 decay, causes oF. 1»0 defects in, 142, 146. 2IS. 220. deflection eun-es (or beams. S density of, 147 rimbei (Conliniudi deteriornling inSueneee, 184 drying of. 150 durability of. 179 failure of beams. 206 fungi in. 180 grading rules for, 230 grain of wood, 146 hardnees of, 212 hard wood, 141 heartwood, 144_ honeycombing in, 156 identification by key, 169 importance of. 140 insects attacking, 183 knowled^ of tnechanical propertiaa required, 197 knots in. 142. 216, 220, 232, 233 limnoria in, 184 marine borers in, 1S3 modulus of rupture of, 203 moisture in, 148 nail joints, atiengtb of. 228 odor of, 146 raj-s I, 144 ■apwood, 1 seasoning ol, 150 shenring -.trength across grain, 301 shearing dtrenftth. in beams, 203 shearing strength, tangcniia , 201 shrinkage of. 153. 167 soft wood, 141 spring wood. 143 stiffness of, 208 Btiength of nails and spikes in. 226 ' appearance, indexes of value, 141 of wood in general, 142 summer wood, 143 tenaile atrength of: parallel to grain, 199 across grain, 200 teredo in, 183 toughnesa measured by impact, 209 transverse strengthn of wood. 206 volume changea due to moisture, 156 weight of, 147. US working stresses for, 229 Timber preservation: Bel hell profess. 190 bi-chlondo of mercury for, 189 boilinj I, 19( Bumeliiing. 190 csrd process. 191 copper EUlphste for, 193 creosote oil for. 190, 192 open tank process, 169 preservatiVGB for, 191 pressure processes for, 190 Ruepin^ process. 190 superficial treatments tor. 188 treatment before pn^seri-in^, 187 Timber, sources, characteristics and v. Ash, 161 Baaswood, 161 Etoech. 162 Birch, 161 Black walnut, 16i Cataipa, 162 ■izPdnyCOOgle Timber. Bouri__. ._ at ICaniinitaf) Cedar, 161 CheatDUt, 160 Cottonwood, 162 Cypnu. Ifig DoubIb« Fir, 169 Elm, 102 Eutwiyptiu, 102 Gum, 160 Hemlock, IS9 Hickory, IBO Larch, 161 Lodgepole pine, 158 LoDgleaf pine, 158 Mliple. red. 160 Maple, Busor, 160 Okk. live. Ifi9 Oak, led, 159 Oak, vhite. 169 Poplar, yellow, 160 Pine, Norway. 16S Fine, susar, IAS Pfoe. sou them yellow, IDS Pine, Weatem, 168 Pine, wbite, 168 Redwood, 160 ^ruce, 169 Whitewood. 160 Timber, atiengtii of: £a«ct of bleedino, 22B detecta. 217 denmty. 212 dryinR, 224 fiM^linc.226 moiature, 221 poaitioD ia tree, 217 ;r wood. 217 temperature, 223 time of loading on, 207 Tile, building, 293 Tile columns, strencth of, 291 Tile, drain, 298 Tile, drain, teatinl of, 277 Tile, floor, 296 Tile roofing. 295 TSe. wall, 297 Tin, 737 _ Tobin bronie. 743, 768. 770 Tondon. defonnation in, 23 Tonion indicators, 01 Torsion, moment of, 22 Torsion, resilience in, 41 Torsion, shoanng Btresa in. 21 Toraion tests, objecta of, 132 Torsion testa^ nwcimena for. 133 Tou^ matenafs. definition of, 6 Traneverae testa: adjustable bearings for, 78 apparatus required. 121 effect of shape ol specimen for, 122 •hJecU of, 120. blocks for. 77 Trap rock, 240, 260; aln al Treea, dassee of. 141 Twiat of ihafta, 24 Vatiadium atael, 682, 766. 770 Vanadium-chrome steel. 684 Vicat needles. 389 Vitrdfied brick, see paving briok Voids, see scgretate Volumetric deformation. 4 VolumetHo modulus of elaatidty, 4 Walnut, bUck, 162 WeatlierinB of building stone, 348 Welding of wrought iron, 607 Wheel piessuree on rmils, 667 White cuit inui, 607 White PorUand cement, 353 Wire, annealing of, 660 Wire drawing. 659 Wire, steel, proputiee of, 669 Wire rope, 660 Wii« rope, testing of, 070 Waterproofing conerate, si Wood, see timber Wrought iron: ve stnngth of. 603 ive'strensUi of, 609 defects b, 699 durability of. 788 elongation of, 600 bow diatingulBbMl from sted, 608 kinds of, 64« manufactura of. 644 noduhiB of elasticity, 603 over strain, common eCfecta of, 608 Bla« in. 698 •hearing slnDgth of, 603 structure of, 699 tensile sti«utb of, 600 toughness of, 60S welding of. 007 Wrought iron chains, 605 Yield, see concrete or mortar Yield can, 412 Yield point, dafinition of, 9 exlraotiDn of, 731 production of. 522. 731 pRjperties of. G23, 732 uaaa of, 623. 73i, 787. 