None
513 Copulation, modes of, in tapeworms, 297 Cordylobia anthropophaga, characters, 592 geographical distribution, 593 hosts of, 592 larvae of, characters, 592 lesions set up by invasion, 592 life-history, 592 references to, 593 — grunbergi, larvae, characters, 591, 592 synonyms, 591 — rodhani, 593 geographical distribution, 593 Coreotrypanosis, 87 Corethra, 565 Corethrina, 565 Coriscus subcoleoptratus, bite of, 540 geographical distribution, 540 synonyms, 540 Cornea, parasitic crustacean (Caligiis cur- tus) invading, 483 Cortical layer of Cestoda, 289 Councilman and Lafieur on nomenclature of amoebae, 31 Couret and Walker, J., culture medium for intestinal amoebae, 743, 744 Couvy, Spirochceta gallinarum, 119 — see Marchoux and Couvy Cover-slip preparations, 748 Cows attacked by Leptus autuninalis, 486 Crab louse, see Phthirius inguinalis Craig, C. F., on Entarnceba histolytica, 37, 41 on Paramoeba (Craigla) hominis, 44, 45 Craigia hominis, 45, 734 — migrans, 734 Craigiasis, 734 — nature of, 734 Crane-fly, Gregarina longa from larva of, 130 • Craw-craw (filaria infection of the skin), 378, 514 Crawley, experimental infection with Sarco- cystis, 192 — movements of gregarines, 131 Creeping disease, cases of, various authors reporting, 729 — — clinical symptoms, 730 — — duration, 731 localization of, 730 mode of origin, 729, 730 synonyms, 729 ■ treatment, 731 methods reported by various authors, 731 — eruptions, 599 Creosote in bronchial spirochaetosis, 633 — mounting agent for flukes, 471 Creplin, discovery of progeny of Diphyllo- botlirium {Bothriocephaliis) ditremnm, 13 — psorosperms, 181 Cristina and Caronia, treatment of infan- tile kala-azar, 627 Crithidia, 67, 103 — inoculation experiments with, 104, 738 — fasciculata, 104 host of, 104 — qerridis, 738 — hosts of, 104 — hyalommm, 104 — melophagia, host of, 104 — morphology, 104 — natural flagellates of Arthropoda, 104 Crustacea, parasitic, change of original fea- tures in, 4 loss of digestive sy^stem in, 3 or free-living, invading man abnor- mally (footnote), 483 Csokor, mode of infection in intestinal myiasis, 727 Ctenocephalus canis, herpetomonad inhabit- ing, 103 transmission of Trypanosoma lewisi by, 88, 90, 92 — distinctive characters, 545 — felis (cat flea), 547 INDEX 849 Ctenocephalus, hosts of, 547 Ctenophthalmus, distinctive characters, 545 Ctenopsylla, 548 — distinctive characters, 545 — musculi, transmission of Trypanosoma lewisi by, 90 Cucumber seeds in intestinal myiasis, 728 Culex and Anopheles, larvae of, position in water compared, 554 — • — ova of, method of depositing com- pared, 554 points of difference between, 551 — characters, 564 — fatigans (common tropical gnat), dis- tinguishing character, 576 transmission of Filarise by, 576 — head of male and female, 549, 556 — human malaria not spread by species of, 158 — larva of, 553 — ova of, 557, 558 — pipiens (common gnat), 575 — — characters, 576 ova of, localities selected for deposi- tion, 553 — species of, development of Plasmodium relicUim in, 170 Ctilicidoe, classification of, 501 — number of species, 552 , — scales of, 560 CulicincB, characters, 563, 571 Culicoides, blooi-sucking habits of, 580 — larvae of, 580 — ornatus, bite of, 581 — possible carrier of germ of Delhi boil, 580 — pupae of, 580 Culture media for amoebae, 742 — — for blood protozoa, 744 Cunningham, discovery of intestinal amoebae, 29 Cutaneous glands, unicellular, of nema- todes, 361 — tumours due to cysticerci, characteristics of, 662, 663 Cyclasterium, 208 Cyelocoelum mutabile, progeny of, dis- covery, 12 Cycloleppteron, characters, 561, 567 Cyclophyllidea, 308 Cyclopidce, characters, 390 Cyclops, characters, 390 — intermediate host of Draciinculus medin- ensis, 388 — virescens, 389 Cyclospora, 141 Cyrtoneura stabulans, larvae of, habitat, 585 Cysticerci, cutaneous and muscular, (sym- ptoms set up by, 663 treatment, 663 — development from oncosphere of Teen iidcB, 303 — early researches on, 282 — experimentally reared from tapeworms, 15 Cysticerci, number of, in relation to species of Taeniae, 16 — origin of, 14 — regions of body site of, 663, 664 — subretinal, 664 — tapeworms experimentally reared from, 15 Cysticercoid, morphology of, diagram show- ing, 301 Cysticercoids, echinococcus-like conditions in, 304 Cysticercus acanthotrias , 336 and C. cellulosoi, 336, 337 — hovis, 340 amount of prevalence in ox, 340, in Prussia and Berlin, 341 , artificial infection of human beings with, 340 rarity in man, 341 — celluloscR, amount of injury inflicted by, depends on situation in body, 8 development to ToBuia solium, 340 infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues, 662 — — and C. acanthotrias, 336, 337 decrease of frequency in pork, how effected, 334 development, time taken for, 334 habitat, 332, 333 — - liosts of, 332 — — how conveyed to man, 334, 335 'u man, 335 I -— long persistence of, 337 i in sheep, 337 organs of body invaded by, 335 sex distribution of invasion by, 335 vitality of, 334 — development of, 301, 302 diagram showing, 303 : — fasciolaris, host of, 338 ' possible means of spread to man, 338 j — forms of, 301 ! — morphology of, diagram showing, 301 ' — avis, 337 1 — papilliform invagination into bladder, 301 — pisiformis, hosts of, 338 in evaginated condition, 304 — ■ racemosus , 335, 336 — tenuicoUis, 337, 338 experimental rearing of tapeworms from, 15 — with developed scolex at bottom of in- vagination, 304 Cystoflagellata, 52 Cysts, intestinal, CEsophagostomum con- tained in, 441, 443, 444 Cytorhyctes, 208 — aphtharum, 208 — cytoplasm of, 209 — luis, 124, 208 — scarlatince, 208 — vaccinice, 208 — variolce, 208 minute granules in, 210 850 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Dactylomyia, characters, 562 Daniels, C. W., iridocyclitis in trypanoso- miasis, 623 — — parasitic coleopterous larva (foot- note), 542 treatment of trypanosomiasis, 622 yellow pigment in kidney and liver cells in ancylostomiasis, 647 Danielsia, characters, 564 Danilewsky, discovery of endoglobular para- sites, similar to malarial, in birds, 157 of Leucocytozoa by, 153 Danube, banks of, Simulium columbaschen- sis plague on, 578 Darling, experimental infection with Sarco- cystis muris, 192 — Endotrypanum schaudinni, 99 — Histoplasma capsulatum, 112 — researches on Entamceha tetragena, 38, 40, 41 Darwin, Charles, great black bug of Pam- pas (Conorhinus renggeri), 539 Dauernheim, Ascarides in bile-ducts, 688 Daughter cysts of echiuococcus, 350, 351 mode of origin, 350, 351, 352 Davaine, Cercomonas hominis, 61 — milk cure in expulsion of Strong yloides stercoralis, 675 — mode of development of Ascaris lumbri- coides, 464, 465 Davainea asiatica. 662 morphology, 330 — madagascarensis , association with chyl- uria, 662 cases of human infection by, 330 morphology, 329 — morphology, 329 Davaineidce, 309, 329 Davaineinoi, 309, 329 Davidson, bite of Rasahus biguttatus , 540 Deeks, W. E., treatment of amoebic dysen- tery, 619 Deguy, see Labadie-Lagrave and Deguy Deinocerites, characters, 564 Delanoe, pneumocysts in rats, 90 Delhi boil, see Oriental sore Demarquay, observation of Filaria ban- crofti in man, 390 Demodex folliculorum, 521 affecting eyelids, 708 as cause of chalazion, 708 characters, 522 infection by, treatment, 708 views of different authors respect- ing, 708 synonyms, 522 var. canis, 522 infection by, transmission from dog to man, 709 treatment, 709 Demodicidoe (mites of hair follicles), charac- ters, 522 Dendriomyia, characters, 565 Dengue fever, micrococcus supposed car- rier, 576 Dermacentor, characters of, 497 — occidentalis , bite of, effects, 504 characters and morphology, 504 (wood tick), characters, 504 — reticnlatus, hosts of, 502, 503 transmission of Babesia caballi by, 178 — variabilis, 505 — venustus, characters and morphology, 503 hosts of, wild and domestic, 504 Dermanyssus gallinoe, disinfection methods against, 704 effect on skin of host, 492 infection, symptoms set up by, 703 morphology, 492 synonyms, 492 — hirundinis, disinfection against, 704 skin affections due to, 492 Dermatitis intertriginoides set up by Oxyii- ris vermicularis , 696 Dermatobia cyaniventris, 596, 597 characters, 598 geographical distribution, 598 hosts of, 596 larvae of, characters, 597 local or vernacular names for, 598 see also Mosquito worm — noxialis, 597 larvae of, skin disease caused by, 725 Dermatocentor reticulatus, var. occiden- I talis, carrier of Rocky Mountain spotted I fever, 496 I Dermatodectes, 521 ! Dermatophagoides scheretnetewskyi, 521 Dermatophilus, 543 — ccBcata, 544 — penetrans (jigger, chigoe), characters and morphology, 544 geographical distribution, 544 j — (Sarcopsylla) penetrans (sand flea), en- I trance beneath skin, 714 1 host of, 613 ' — lesions produced by, 714 I — treatment, 715 I — possible carrier of leprosy, 613 Dermo-muscular layer of nematodes, 361 Derrieu and Raynaud, chronic dysentery due to trichomonads, 624 trichomonad-like organism discovered by, 624, 735 Desvoidea, characters, 563 Deve, experimental development of hyatid scolices, 353 Diarrhoea associated with Balantidium coli, 201 with invasion by Balantidium minu- tum, 204 with Lamblia intestinalis , 59, 625 with Trichomonas hominis, 54, 624 with presence of Watsonius watsoni, 235 with Prowazekia asiatica, 65 — blood-stained, in Strongyloides sterco- ralis infection, 674, 675 INDEX 851 Diarrhoea caused by Difdmus tunensis, 57 — chylous, from Filaria bancrofti infec- tion, 678 — (Cochin-China) in cases of infection with Strong yloides stercoralis, 380, 381 — flagellate, 623 — ■ climatic distribution, 623 — infantile, spread by house-fly, 586 — white (or white scour), in fowls, causal agent, 145 DibothriocephalidcB, 308, 309 — morphology, 308 Dibothriocephalince, 308, 309 — morphology, 308 Dibothriocephalus, 309 — cordatus, 315 cephalic end, 315 hosts of, 315 — excretory apparatus, collecting tubes, island formation, 292 — felis, 313 — latus, 310 chains of segments, 311 development, 311 developmental cycle of, 16 disturbances produced by, in man, 314 duration of life, 315 embryophore of, 298 experimental infection of man with, 312 geographical distribution, 313, 314 growth of, 306 — — habitat in man, 658 head of transverse section, 311 hosts of, 313 human parasite invading animals, 7 in muscles of trunk of burbot, 313 intermediate host of, 255 means of transmission to man and other hosts, 314 mode of infection, 658 morphology, 310 ova of Fasciola hepatica to be dis- tinguished from, 242 ovum of, development, 312 parasitic association with Tcsnia solium, 658 percentage in sufferers from tape- worms in various localities, 314 plerocercoids of, 313 habitat and host, 311 how destroyed, 315 inhabiting fish, 314 proglottids of, average number found daily, 312 proglottis, fairly mature, stained pre- paration, 311 prophylaxis against, 668 supposed origin of, 11 — - — symptoms produced by infection by, 667, 668 synonyms, 310 topographical anatomy, transverse section through proglottis showing, 296 — morphology, 309 — parvus, habitat, 316 Dibothriocephalus parvus, how distin- guished from D. latus and D. cordatus, 316 morphology, 316 — plerocercoid of, 300 — synonyms, 309 Dicrocoeliidce, morphology, 232, 265 Dicrocceliuni dendriticuni, intermediate host unknown, 267 morphology, 266 organs of, diagram showing, 265 ova and miracidia, 266 synonyms, 266 — lanceolatum, incidental human parasite, 7 Diesing, first record of case of Metastrongy- lus apri in man, 433 Difdmus tunensis, cause of diarrhoea, 57 characters, 57 Difflugia enchelys, 47 Digenea, morphology, 230 Digestive system, loss of, in parasites, 3 Dinoflagellata, 52 Dioctophyme, 431 — gigas, hosts and habitat in body, 431 — ■ — in man, source of, 431 infection by, 431 morphology, 431 ova of, 432 synonyms, 431 Dioctophymidoe, 431 — characters, 375 Dionis de Carrieres, liver-fluke in right hypochondriac region, 244 Diphyllobothrium (Bothriocephalus) ditre- mum, discovery of progeny of, 13 Diplodiscus subclavatus, hosts of, 6 Diplogonoporus, morphology, 316 — grandis, egg of, 298 morphology, 316 ventral view of genitalia of left side, 317 of portion of strobila, 317 Diptera, bibliography, 612 — biting-mouthed and other noxious car- riers of disease, 600 — characters, 531, 532 — digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpe- tomonads, 102 — larvae of, in man, references to, 599 Dipylidiidoe, 309, 320 Dipylidium, morphology, 320 — synonyms, 320 — caninum, 320 confused with Taenia solium, 660 cysticercoids of, 322 hosts of, 322 dogs and cats infected with, through skin parasites, 323 embryo of, development, 321 expulsion of, drugs suitable for, 660 hosts of, 6, 7, 322 invasion by, effect on central nervous system, 649 morphology, 320 oncosphere of, 299 oncospheres of, animals selected as hosts for development, 299 852 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Dipylidium caninum, prevalence of infec- tion by, in children, 659, 660 proglottids of, 322 proglottis of, central portion, 321 region of human body inhabited by, 660 rostellum of, 289 Dirksen, effect on anaemia of expulsion of Tosnia solium, 648 Dirofilaria immitis, 417 — magalhaesi, morphology, 417 — morphology, 416 — repens, 417 Discophora, see Hirudinea Disporea in Myxosporidia, 182, 184 Distoma, opercula of ova of, discovery, 12 — echinatum, redia of, in later stage, 227 Distomata, morphology, 231 — cercarice, 753 Distomum ophthalmohium, 244 Doeveren, van, on transmission of intestinal worms, 11 Doflein, Coccidiomorpha, 129, 151 — Cnidosporidia, 129, 194 — Entamceba kartulisi, 44 — Trypanosoma equiperdum, 97 Dog and cat, parasites common to, 6 — blood of, life-cycle of Babesia (Piro- plasma) canis in, 175 — DipylidiuTYi canimim parasite in, 322 — fleas, natural flagellates in, 111, 112 transmission of canine kala-azar by, 103 see also Ctenocephahis canis and Pulex serraticeps — host of Dibothriocephalus latus, 313, 315 of Paragonimus kellicotii, 250 — intestine of, Isospora bigemina parasitic in, 149 — mange, transmission to man, 523 — rearing of Tcenia echinococcns in, 356 — to dog, transmission of leucocytogre- garine from, by tick, 155 — transmission of infection with Demodex folliculorum canis to man, 709 Dogs, contraction of surra by, 9G — dermal infection with larvae of Ancylo- stomum duodenale, 455 — echinococci in, 346 — experiments with, to prove transmission of infantile kala-azar by fleas. 111 — infected with Dipylidium caninum through skin parasites, 323 — infection with infantile leishmaniasis, 110 experimental, 110 natural, 110 — Leishmania tropica in, 108 — malignant jaundice in, carrier of, 493 cause of, 177 — nagana fatal to, 94 — percentage infected with Tcenia echino- coccns in various cities and countries (footnote), 345 — prevention of echinococcus infection by, 346 Dogs, segregation of, as preventive against Oriental sore, 628 — skin diseases in, due to young nema- todes, 378 Doliocystidce, 135 Domestic animals, species of Sarcoptes transmissible from, to man, 520 trypanosomes deleterious or lethal to, 69, 70 Dormouse, inoculation of Trypanosoma lewisi into, 90 Dornbliith, method of evacuation of Oxyu- ridoe, 697 Dorr, tapeworm drug recommended by, 674 Dourine, anaemia and paralysis in, 97 — periods or stages of, 97 — trypanosome causing, 97 Dovecots, habitat of Argas reflexus, 506 Dracontiasis, disorder named by Galen, 386 Draciinculidce, 385 — characters, 374 Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm), anterior extremity, 387 expulsion by extraction, 676 — methods and drugs for, 676 female, transverse section of, 388 — — infection by, prophylaxis against, 676 — symptoms and lesions following, 389 intermediate host, 388 larvae of, 388 life-history, 386, 388 methods of extraction from body, 389 morphology, 386 period of development in man, 389 regions of body inhabited by, 386 synonyms, 386 viviparous nematode, 371 — morphology, 385 Dromedaries, " mbori " in, 96 Drone fly, 583, 584 Drosophila melanogaster, larvae of, charac- ters and habitat, 584 effects produced by ingestion of, 584 Drosophilidoe, characters and habitat, 584 Drouillard, favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridoe, 649 Drugs, reaction of spirochsetes to, 115 Dubini, Filaria (?) conjunctivae in man, 405 Dubreuilh, infection with Demodex folti- culorum, 708 Ducks, destruction of mosquito larvae by, 636 — how infected by Echinostoma echinatum, 226 Dufour, creation of name Gregarina by, 129 Duguet, maculae caeruleae (tdches bleues) due to infection by crab louse, 712 Dujardin, development of Taeniae, 14 — psorosperms, 181 Duke, anterior station of trypanosomes in Glossince, 101 — Trypanosoma gambiense in antelope, 76 Dum-dum fever, 105 INDEX 853 Dumesnil, larvae of Muscidce in nose, 720 Duodenum, flagellate stage of Larnblia in- testinalis found in, 59 — - human, habitat of Ancylostoma duo- denale, 450 — possible invasion by Balantidium 7ninu- tuvi, 204 — species of Trichostrongylus inhabiting, 435, 436 Durham, specimens of Leptus (bete rouge), 486 Dutton, Trypanosoma gamhiense, 68 — and Todd, herpetomonads in mice, 738 researches on Spirochoeta duttoni, 116, 117 Duval, liver-flukes in veins, 243 Dysentery, amoeba as causal agent, 30, 34 — experiments made to prove, 30, 40, 618 — amoebic, acute, symptoms, 618 carriers, 618 chronic, 618 experimental production, 618 gangrenous, treatment, 619 — — incubation period long, 618 latent, 618 leading to liver abscess, 618 preventive measures, 620 relief of griping and straining, 618, 619 — ■ — treatment by emetine hydrochloride, 618, 619 by ipecacuanha, 619 by preliminary administration of castor oil, 619 of liver abscess, 620 — — — surgical, 619 — association of Lamhlia intestinalis with, 59, 625 of Noc's entamoeba vd^ith, 41 of Trichomonas with, 56, 624 — bacillary, 31 Entamoeba coli present in cases of, 38 — bacillus, discovery of, 31 — balantidian or ciliate, 201, 202, 637 prophylaxis, 637 ■ — symptoms, 637 treatment, 637 — discoveries of Cholera Investigation Commission with regard to, 30 — discovery of intestinal amoebae in cases of, 30 — flagellate, 623 diet in, 625 geographical distribution, 624 prognosis, 625 prophylaxis, 625 protection of food supply against fsecal contamination in, 625 treatment, 624, 625 — followed by recovery from oxyuriasis, 698 — production by injection of amoebae into cats, 35 — red, geographical distribution, 147, 741 in cattle, cause of, 147 — so-called, due to mites, 512 Dysentery spread by house-fly, 586 — treatment by bismuth subnitrate, 619 Dysodius lunatus, bite of, 541 Ear, abscess of, liver-fluke in, 244 — parasites in, 615 see also Myiasis, auricular Ears of hosts infested by Ornithodorus m6g- nini rendered painful, 510 Earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiura infection, 679 East Coast fever in cattle, cause of, 178, 179 pathogenic agent, 174 Eau de Cologne, application in nasal myia- sis, 719 Echidnophaga, 543 Echinococcus, brood capsules, 349 and scolices, mode of formation, 348, 349 transformation into daughter cysts, 351, 353 — cysticus jertilis, 350 — cysts causing urticaria, 651 — daughter cysts, 350 — definition of, 301 — fluid, chemistry of, 353 — frequency of infection by, of various organs in slaughtered animals, 347 — hominis in liver, incised fibrous capsule and wall showing daughter cysts, 351 — in dogs, oxen, sheep and pigs, 346 — in man, age incidence, 355 death at various stages of develop- ment, 356 — — geographical distribution, 354, 355 organs of body invaded by, 355 percentage of prevalence in Central Europe, 354 secondary, 356 sex incidence, 355 — infection, prevention of spread by dogs, 346 — m,ultilocularis (alveolar colloid), develop- ment, 357, 358 feeding experiments with Taenia from, 358 booklets of, 359 in liver of ox, 357 in man, early disintegration, 357 geographical distribution, 358 invasion, results of, 358 _ _ _ site of, 358 morphology of, 356 reasons for distinction from hydatid or unilocular, 357, 358 — of liver rupturing into abdominal cavity, 652 — rate of growth, 354 — rich in glycogen, 348 — scolex, 349 development in rabbits, 353 854 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Echinococcus scolex iu jirocess of vesicular metamorphosis, section through, 351 invaginated, section through, 350 transformation into daughter cyst, 352 — scolices in, 303, 349 — serum diagnosis of, 359 — structure and development, 347 — veterinorum, 350 brood capsules and scolices, 350 hooklets of, 355 Echinorhynchus, anatomy, 475 — excretory organs, 475, 476 — "floating ovaries" of, 150 — gigas, hosts of, 477 incidental human parasite, 7 intermediate hosts, 477 morphology, 477 — hominis, 478 — moniliformis , hosts, habitat and inter- mediate host of, 478 — nervous system, 475 — ova of, 477 — protrusor proboscidis, 475 — receptaculum proboscidis, 475 — retractor proboscidis, 475 receptaculi, 475 — sexual organs, 476 Echinostoma, cercarise of, 225 — echinatum, method of infection of duck.3 and geese by, 226 — ilocanum, habitat, 268 morphology, 267 organs of, diagram showing, 268 — m,alayanum, habitat, 269 morphology, 268, 269 — morphology, 267 EchinostomidxB, 267 — morphology, 233 EchinostominoB, 267 — morphology, 233 Ectoparasites, 1 — permanent, changes in, 3 Ectoplasm of protozoa, 25, 26 substances deposited in, 26 Ectoschiza, 135 Eczema due to head louse infection, 709, 710 — following infection by crab louse, 712 — occupational, diagnosis from scabies, 706 — peri-anal and perineal, set up by migra- tions of Oxyuris vermicularis, 695 — purulent, following infection by ancylo- stomes, 684 — resulting from clothes louse infection, 711 — set up by infection with Dermanyssus gallince, 703 by Leptus autiunnalis , 702 Ehrenberg, Spirochceta plicafilis, 114 Ehrlich's acid hsematoxylin, 751 Eimer, researches on coccidia, 136 Eimeria, 142 — avium, causal agent of white diarrhoea or white scour in fowls, and blaclfhead in turkeys, 145 cause of fatal epizootics among game birds and poultry, 142 Eimeria avium, infection by, method of, 145 life-cycle of, 142-145 period, 144, 145 phases, 142-144 merozoites of, 143 microgametes and macrogametes of, 143, 144 — — relation to E. stiedoi, 145 sporozoites of, 143 trophozoites of, 143 — falciformis, 136 — (Coccidium) schuhergi, life-cycle of, 138- 141 — hominis, 150 bodies described as, 150 — stiedce, ascribed cause of " red dysen- tery " in cattle, 147 host of, 7, 145 oocysts of, 142, 146 parasitic in rabbit and occasionally in man, 145, 148 schizogony, 147 — — effects, 147 synonyms, 145 see also Coccidiosis — synonyms, 142 Eimeridea, 141, 742 Electrolytic needle, application in creeping disease, 731 Elephantiasis arabum from Filaria han- crofti infection, sites of body affected by, 677 symptoms, 677 treatment, 677 — scroti in filariasis, 402 Ellermann, " rhizopods in poliomyelitis acuta," 46 Elmassian, discovery of Entamoeba minuta, 42 of trypanosomes in " mal de caderas," 68 Embryophore of tapeworms, 298 Emetine and vaccine treatment combined iu pyorrhoea alveolaris, 620 — hydrochloride in flagellate dysentery, 625 — — in treatment of amoebic dysentery, 618, 619 — in oral endamoebiasis, 620 Emily, expulsion of guinea worm, 676 — method of extraction of Dracnnculus medinensis , 389 Endamoeba, 31, 34, 734 — see also Entamoeba Endamoebiasis, oral, 620 treatment, 620 Endermol, application in scabies, 707 Endoparasites, 1 — intermediate generations invading inter- mediate hosts, 5 hosts of, 5 — young of, leaving host or organ of host inhabited by parents, 5 Endophlebitis set up by Schistosoma hcema- tobium, 274, 275 Endoplasm of protozoa, 25, 26 substances deposited in, 26 INDEX 855 Endoschiza, 135 Endotoxins in Trypanosoma equiperdiim, 98 Endotrypanurn schaudinni, 99 Enemata, in evacuation of Oxyuridce, 697 Entamreba, 31, 734 — africana, see under Entamoeba tetragena — bticcalis, 43, 734 association with cancer of oral cavity, 43 with dental caries, 43 — with pyorrhoea alveolaris, 43, 734 characters, 43 possible relation of E. pulmonalis to, 45 — biitschlii, 34 — coli, 32, 618, 733 characters, 33 — — cysts of, 33 in normal faeces, 33 encystment process, 33 — cytological changes during, 33 how distinguished from E. histolytica, 34, 40, 733 life-cycle of, 32, 33 non-pathogenic and non-culturable, 618 parasite of human intestine, 618 may be present in bacillary dysen- tery, 38 schizogony of, 32, 33 so-called autogamy of, 34 — — sporogony of, 32, 33 — gingivalis, 733 synonyms, 734 — hartmanni, 34 — histolytica, 32, 34, 45, 618, 733 causal agent of amoebic dysentery, 35 changes in intestine produced by, 35 — — ■ characters, 34, 35 cysts of, permanent, injection pro- ducing infection, 37 dysentery following experimental in- fection with, 618 how distinguished from E. coli, 34, 40, 733 present in large intestine, 38 — — producing liver abscess, 35, 620 sporulation of (so-called), 37 and E. coli, differences between, 34, 40, 733 mixed infection, 38 and E. tetragena, identity of, 38, 40, 41 — hominis, 42 — kartulisi, 44, 734 association with dental caries, 44 — maxillaris , 734 — minuta, 42 relation to E. histolytica, 40, 42 — mortinatalium, 45 — nipponica, 42 — Noc's, 41 association with liver abscess and dysentery, 41 — phagocytoides, 42 — poleki, 34 Entamoeba pulmonalis, 45 relation with E. buccalis, 45 — tetragena, 38 characters of, 39 described as E. africana by Hart- mann, 38 found in amoebic dysentery, 38 infection by, 40 multiplication of, 39 nucleus of, 39 ' part of life-cycle of E. histolytica, 38 reproduction of, 39 trophozoites, 39, 40 and E. histolytica identical, 38, 40, 41 — tropicalis, 41 — undulans, 43, 44 characters of, 43 probable flagellate nature of, 44 — williamsi, 34 Entamoebse of vertebrates, 34 — question of cultivation on artificial media, 42, 742 Enteritis, hsemorrhagic, in Strongyloides stercoralis infection, 674 — produced by injection of amoebae into cats, 36, 37 — verminosa in children, 688 Entozoa, 1 — derivation of, 21 Enyaliopsis durandi, bite of, 542 — petersi, 542 — species of, producing ulcers, 542 Eosinophilia in ancylostomiasis, 647 — in bilharziasis, 641 — in hydatid disease, 652 Epicarin, application in scabies, 707 Epidermis, human, excavation of tunnels in, by Sarcoptes scabiei, var. hominis, 519 — " wormlet " burrowing into, 599 Epistaxis, association with presence of Lin- guatula in nasal cavity, 526, 527 — leeches in nose causing, 701 Epithelium of nematodes, 360 Epizoa, 1 EproboscidcB, see Pupipara Epstein, experimental infection with Ascaris lumbricoides , 465 — transmission of trichomonad infection, 56 Epstein's method of diagnosis of ascariasis, 692 Equines, baleri in, causal agent, 95 — biliary fever in, cause of, 177 Erdmann, experimental infection with Sarcosporidia, 192 Erythema, autumn, set up by Leptut autum^nalis, 485, 486 — following bite of Argas reflexus, 506 — set up by infection with Dermanyssus gallince, 703 by Leptus autumnalis , 702 i Eschatocephalus, characters of, 497 I — hosts and habitat of, 497 Escomel, dysentery due to Trichomonas, I 56, 624 856 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Escomel, treatment of esjjundia, 629 of lamblial diarrhoea, 625 Espundia, 108, 628 — course of, 629 — geographical distribution, 628 — pathology of, 628 — prophylactic measures against, 629 — transmission of, 629 — treatment, 629 Ether, application in nasal myiasis, 719 — lotions in crab louse infection, 712 — sulphuric, in ^ crab louse infection, 712 Ethyl chloride, freezing by, in creeping disease, 731 Eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 Euflagellata, 52 — characters of, 52 Eugregarinea, schizogony absent in, 134 EuLyes amoena, 542 Euphorbia, infection by Herpetomonas davidi, 104 Eupodidoe, characters, 491 Euquinine in malaria, 635 Europe, Central, percentage of prevalence of echinococcus in man in, 354 Eustrongylus gigas, infection by, site of, 681 symptoms, 682 Evans, discovery of trypanosomes in blood of horses with " surra " disease, 67 — see also Steel and Evans Excretory apparatus of cestodes, 291 — or segmental organs of Hirudinea, 481 — organs of Echinorhynchus, 475 of nematodes, 366, 367 Eye, cysticerci in, 335, 664 — cysticercus of, 664 diagnosis from foreign body, 664 — diseases due to Liicilia Tnacellaria, 721 — human, infection with filaria, 406 — — nematodes observed in, 412 — invasion by Loa loa, 678 — paragonimiasis of, 639 Eyeball, bodies found in, probably young liver-flukes, 244 Eyebrows and eyelashes, pediculosis of, treatment, 712 Eyelid, iipper, extraction of larva of Hypo- derma hovis from, 596 Eyelids, Demodex folliculorum affecting, 708 Eyes, destruction of, by Sarcophaga wohl- fahrti, 723 — loss of, in parasites, 3 Fabre, prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis, 685 Face, swelling of, in nasal myiasis, 718 Faeces, amoebse found in, 30, 34, 47, 48 — asexual multiplication of Chlamydophrys enchelys in, 47 — examination for protozoa, 746 — human, fresh, Strongyloides stercoralis larva from, 382 Faeces, larvae of Uomalomyia canicularis found in, 584 of Piophila casei found in, 583 — males of Oxyuris vermicularis rarely met with in, 468 — normal, cysts of Enta1no^ba coli present in, 33 — preservation of ova of flukes in, 472 — N^orticella in, 206 Fanapapea intestinalis identical with Tetramitus mesnili, 57 Fantham, H. B., appendix on protozoology (recent researches, formulae of culture media, general protozoological tech- nique), 733 avian coccidiosis, 145 pathogenic spirochaetes, 119 classification of Haplosporidia, 195 of Schizogregarines, 135 experimental infection with Spiro- chceta duttoni, 117 granule phase of spirochaetes, 120 Herpetomonas ctenocephali, 103 pedictili, 103 latent forms of trypanosomes, 73, 74, 77 molluscan spirochaetes breaking up into granules, 119 — — morphology and life-cycle of Eimeria avium, 142-145 and life-history of Spirochoeta hronchialis, 739 nuclear phenomena of Babesia hovis, 176 Protozoa, 25 recent work on spirochaetes of human mouth, 740, 741 Rhinos poridium kinealyi, 195-197 schizogony in Leucocytozoon lovati, 153 significance of insect flagellates in relation to disease, 104, 739 Theileria parva, 179 — — Trypanosoma rhodesiense, 69, 76 ■ and Porter, experimental introduction of insect flagellates into vertebrates, 104, 112, 738 inoculation experiments with Her- petomonas jaciilum-, 104, 738 — natural herpetomonads in mice, 739 researches on Nosema apis, 185 ■ — ^ on Spirochceta. duttoni, 116 ' — — and Thomson, J. G., cultivation of Babesia canis, 172 periodic cyclical variation of trypanosomes in blood, 78 see also Stephens and Fantham Fasciola, 237 — gigantica, distribution, 244 habitat, 244 invading lung, 245 morphology, 244 — section illustrating, 243 synonyms, 244 — hepatica, 237, 238, 239, 638 INDEX 857 Fasciola hepatica, cercaria of, 228 encysted, 228 development of, 226 fixtition method, 471 geographical distribution, 238 half transverse section through, 214 hosts of, 6, 7, 238 incidental human parasite, 7 intermediate host, 240, 241 invading and infecting pharynx, 242 regions of body other than liver, 243 life-history, 241 — — method of infection of sheep by, 226 miracidium of, 223 morphology, 237 sections illustrating, 238, 239 ova of, to be distinguished from those of Dibothriocephalus latus, 242 ovum of, 223 from liver of sheep, 240 redia, in early stage, 227 — — synonyms, 237 — morphology, 237 Fascioliasis, prevention and treatment, G38 — symptoms of, 638 — see also Liver-fluke disease Fasciolidce, 237 — morphology. of Tseniorhynchus carry- 395 species ing, 577 — — — structure, 396 life-history, 398 male, characters, 392 mosquitoes acting as hosts of, 398 ova of, 392 synonyms, 390 transmission of, 576 — (?) conjunctiva, 404, 405 — — morphology, 404 normal hosts of, 406 sites of infection in man, 405 synonyms, 404 — demarquayi, 403, 404 geographical distribution, 403 morphology, 403 — infection of skin by, 378 — intermediate host of, in Fiji, 575 — (?) kilimarce, 407 — loa, host of, 601 — medinensis, antiquity of knowledge con- cerning, 386 — morphology, 390 - — oculi humani, association with cataract, 406 — perstans, carrier of, 508 — ( ?) romanorum orientalis, morphology, 407 — (?) sp. (?), 407 — taniguchi, 404 Filariasis, cultivation of bacillus from cases of, 755 — prevalence proportionate to prevalence of Mikrofilaria hancrofti in blood, 400 Filariidce, 390 — characters, 374 Filariinoe, 390 Filmaron, administration in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 — as vermicide, 672 — oil, dosage of, 672 effects of, 672 in expulsion of Ascarides, 694 ''Filterable viruses," 207 Filtration experiments with CMamydozoon granules, 209 Finlaya, characters, 564 Finsen, echinococcus cysts causing urti- caria, 651 858 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Finucane, lymphangitic symptoms ia chil- dren from Filaria hancrofti infection, 676 Fischer, effects of new species of fern root as a vermifuge, 672, 673 — retinal haemorrhages in ancyloatome anaemia, 646 Fish, destruction of mosquito larvae by, 636 — disease of, due to invasion by Myxo- sporidia, 182, 184 — eating of raw or badly cooked, favours transmission of Dibotliriocephalus latus in man, 315 — fresh-water, second intermediate host of Clonorchis endemicus, 261 proved by feeding ex- periments, 261 — intermediate host of Dihothriocephalus latus, 255 of Opisthorchis felineus, 255 — parasitic ciliate destructive to, 206 — plerocercoids of Dibothriocephalus latus inhabiting, 314 — trypanoplasms in, 68 Fistulas, anal and rectal, set up by migra- tion of Oxyuris vermicularis, 695 — formation of, through migration of para- sites, 9 — urethral, arising from bilharziasis, 642 ■ — treatment, 644 Fixation, time of, 749 Fixatives, 748, 749 — for wet films, 748 — hot, 748 Flagella may occur among rhizopods, 52 — of Flagellata, 50, 51 Flagellata, 50 — characters of, 28, 50, 51 — classification, 52 — formation of colonies of individuals, 51 — habitat, 28, 52 — multiplication of, 51 — non-flagellate stages, 51 — nuclear apparatus of, 51 — post-flagellate and pre-flagellate stages, 52 Flagellates, aggregation rosettes of, 51 — dysentery in children due to, 56, 624 — in blood of horses, diseases associated with, 67, 68 — natural, in dog fleas, 112 of invertebrates, evolution of Leish- lYiania from, 739 —^ parasitic, in insects, experimental intro- duction into vertebrates, 104, 112, 737, 738 relation to evolution of leishmaniasis, 112, 737, 738 in relation to evolution of disease, 739 Flagellosis of plants, possible connection with leishmaniasis, 104, 739 Flat worms, see Platyhelminthes Flea, human, see Pulcx irritans Fleas acting as intermediate hosts, 543 — blood-suckers, 543 — carriers of plague, 543 ]'^leas, cocoons of, 543 — fed on infected rat, percentage infected with trypanosomes, 93 -- herpetomonads in gut of, 103 — larvae of, 543 — life-cycle of Trypanosoma lewisi in, 88, 90 — ■ method of controlling, during experi- ments, 93 — ova of, 543 — jjossible transmission of kala-azar by. 111 Flemming's solution, 749 Flesh of animals containing larvae of tape- worms must be thoroughly cooked be- fore eating, 668 Flesh-fly, see Sarcophaga carnosa Flexner, Entamoeba kartulisi, 44 Flies, larvae of different species of, found in intestinal myiasis, 728 Flukes, clearing and mounting agents, 471 — differentiation methods, 471 — fixation methods, 471 — miracidia of, discovery, 12 — ova of, preservation in faeces, urine, bile, 472 transference to glycerine, 472 — preservation and examination of, 471 — staining methods, 471 — see also Trematoda Foetus, Trypanosoma cruzi in, 88 Foley, transmission of relapsing fever, 120, 121 Food, transmission of trichomonad infec- tion by, 56 Foods, decomposing, inhabited by and nutriment of TyroglyphidcB, 511 Foot, sole of, hepatic flukes found in swell- ing on, 243 Foot-and-mouth disease, 207, 208 Foraminifera, 27, 47 — characters and habitat, 27 Forde and Dutton, discovery of human try- panosomes, 68 Foreign body, diagnosis of cysticercus of eye from, 664 Formalin, fixation of cestodes by, 472 Fowler, method of administering male fern to children, 671, 672 Fowler's solution in sleeping sickness, 623 Fowls, fatal effects of Spirochoeta galli- narum on, 119 Fox, host of Dibothriocephalus latus, 313 Framboesia tropica, see Yaws Fran9a, action of leucocytozoa on red cells, 153, 742 — genera of Piroplasmidce, 174 Francaviglia, auricular myiasis, 615 Franchini, experimental infection of verte- brates with herpetomonads, 103, 104, 112, 739 — Hcemocystozoon brasiliense, 104 Frese, O., rhabdites found in gastric fluid obtained by lavage, 378 Freund, sarcophaga larvae from abscess cavities, 723 Frog, rectum and bladder of, ciliates para- sitic in, 207 INDEX 859 Frontal sinus, invasion by Ancylostoma duodenale, 683 scolopendra in, 721 Fruit pickers affected by Leptus autumna- lis (footnote), 485 Fiilleborn, cultivation of larval forms of Ancylostoma and Strongyloides, 474 Furcocercous cercarise, 753 Fiirst, cases of Ascarides invading- larynx and trachea, 691 Gabel, diarrhoea due to Difdmus tunensis, 624 — Difdmus tunensis, 57, 624 Gad-flies, 600 — see also TabanidcB Gaetano, cysticercus of tongue, 663 Galen, disorder named " dracontiasis " by, 386 Gall-bladder, Schistosoma hcematohium, eggs of, in, 274 Gall sickness in cattle, cause of, 98, 180, 611 Galleria melonella, larvae of, in nose, 720 Galli-Vallerio, bothriocephalus anaemia, 646 — infection by trichomonads, 56 — Oxyuris and Trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, 654 Galyl in syphilis, 632 — ■ in trypanosomiasis, 622 Gamasidce (coleopterous or insect mites), characters, 491 hosts and prey of, 491 Gambia horse sickness, cause of, 100 Game infested by Dermacentor reticulatus, 503 Game-birds, fatal epizootics among, due to Eimeria avium, 142 Gametes of Coccidiidea, 137, 139, 140 — of gregarines, 132, 133 — of malarial parasites, 162 Gametocytes of Coccidia, 140 — of gregarines, 132, 133 — of malarial parasites, 162 Gametogony, in Eimeria avium, 143 Gam,marus pulex occasionally parasitic in man, 483 Garlic and saline injections in Trichuris trichiura infection, 680 GastrodisciidcB, 236 — morphology, 231 Gastrodiscoides, how distinguished from Gastrodiscus, 236 Gastrodiscus, 236 — mgyptiacus, hosts of, 237 — ho minis, 236 genital pore, 236 geographical distribution, 237 ■ habitat, 237 morphology, 236 ova, 237 testes, 236 — male and female genitalia, 236 — morphology, 236 Gastrophilus, 599 Gastrophilus equi, 599 — hcemorrhoidalis , 599 — larvae of, in stomach and intestine, 599 — nasalis, 599 — pecorum, 599 Geber, treatment of crab louse infection, 712 Gecko, blood and organs of, herpetomonad flagellate in cultures from, 739 Gedoelst, Cordylobia rodhani, 593 Geese, how infected with Echinostom,a echinatum, 226 Genital apparatus of Cestoda, 293-296 Genitalia as means of distinguishing species of Glossina, 604 Genitals, external female, invaded by Oxyuris vermicularis, 467 Genser, von, Ascaris infection in relation to appendicitis, 653 Gentian violet, 752 Gerbillus indicus, 154 Gerlach, stages of liver-fluke disease in sheep, 240 Germany, districts of, j3ercentage of occur- rence of echinococcus in man in, 354 — trichinosis in, epidemics of, 423, 429 — — prophylaxis against, 429 Giard, microscopical investigations of con- jugation in gregarines, 130 Giardia (Lamblia) intestinalis, 736 Giemsa's stain, 751 formula of, 751 Giesker, liver-fluke in sole of foot, 243 Gilesia, characters, 564 Gingivitis, nematode larvae in periosteum of upper jaw associated with, 378 — see also Entamoeba gingivalis, 733; and E. — spore-production, 132, 133 — sporocyst of, 134 — sporozoites of, 132, 133 — syzygy of, 132 — trophozoites of, 132, 133 — zygotes of, 132, 133 Gregarinida, characters and habitat, 28, 130 — classification, 134 — history of discoveries relating to, 129 Grey ointment in crab louse infection, 712 Grocer's itch, cause of, 513 Ground-itch, skin affection set up by in- vasion of larvae of Ancylostomum duo- denale, 455 — treatment, 754 Guarnieri's bodies, 207, 209 Gubler, case of human hepatic coccidiosis, 148 Guermonprez, method of expulsion of ascarides, 692 Guinea-pigs, experimental infection with Sarcocystis muris, 192 — natural occurrence of Paraplasma in, 180 Guinea worm, see Dracunculus medinensis Gurley on Myxosporidia, 182, 183 H. H^MADIPSA, 482 — blood-sucking pest in tropics, 482 Haemagogus, characters, 565 Hsemalum, Mayer's, 751 Haemamoeba, 151, 742 Haemaphysalis, characters of, 497 — leachi (dog tick), carrier of malignant jaundice in dogs, 493 transmitting agent of Babesia canis, 177 — ^punctata, characters and morphology, 502 — — hosts of, 503 synonyms, 502, 503 Haematein, essential principle of haema- toxylin, 751 — solutions of, in staining flukes, 471 Hoematobia irritans, 610 Hoematopinus spinulosus, 88 effect on strain of Trypanosoma lewisi being passed through, 93 Haematoxylin, Delafield's (or Grenacher's), 751 — Ehrlich's acid, 751 Haematuria in bilharziasis, 641 Haementaria, 482 — officinalis used medicinally, 482 Hmmocvstozoon brasiHense, 104 Haemoglobinuria, infectious, in cattle, cause of, 177 Hmmogregarina balfouri (jaculi), 154 — gerbilii, 154 Uoemogregarina marceaui, 154 — nobrei, 154 — schaudinni, var. africana, 154 Haemogregarines, characters of, 154, 742 — hosts of, 153 — in red blood corpuscles, 154 — leucocytic, 154 — transmission of, 153 — variation in size and appearance of, 154 Haemolysis, cure, after expulsion of Ascaridce, 649 Hcemonchus contortus, diseases due to in- vasion by, 437, 438 geographical distribution, 437 habitat and hosts of, 437 life-history, 438 morphology, 436, 437 symptoms caused by invasion mis taken for those of ancylostomiasis, 438 — • morphology, 436 Hcemoproteus (Halteridium) columbce, in- sects transmitting, 151, 612 life-cycle of, 152 danilewskyi, 152 Haemorrhoidal veins. Schistosoma hoem,a- tobium in, 273 superior, plexus formed by, in rectum, 272 Haemorrhoids set up by migrations of Oxyuris vermicularis , 694 H<Bm,osporidia, 151 — Babesia or Piroplasma type, 154 — characters and habitat, 28, 151 — Haemogregarina type, 153 — Halteridium type, 151 — Leucocytozoon type, 152 — Plasmodium or Haemamoeba type, 151 — recent views regarding, 742 — transmission by Ixodince, 704 Hagen-Thorn, cysticerci in brain, 665 Hair, methods of getting rid of nitg from, 710 — follicles, mites of, 522 Hake, discovery of Coccidia by, 135 Halipegus ovocaudatus , host of, 6 Halteridium parasites occur in blood of birds, 151 " Halzoun," affection of pharynx, produced by Fasciola hepatica, 242 Hampshire, sand flies biting in, 579 Hanau, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, 654 Haplosporidia, 129, 194 — characters and habitat, 29, 194 — classification, 195 — life-cycle, 194 Haplosporidium, 194, 195 — heterocirri, 195 Harington, guinea worm infection, 676 Harlej, treatment of bilharziasis, 643 Harmostomum leptostomum, immature specimen, 215 Harpactor cruentas, 542 Harris, Penn, liver-flukes in abscess of occiput, 243 Hartmann, case of Oxyuridce in nose, 696 862 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Hartmann, indeiiendent description of Entamoeba tetragena under name of E. africana, by, 38 | — multiplication of Trypanoso7na cruzi in vertebrate host, 85 — toxic action of Oxyuris, 651 — and Chagas, Cercomonas parva, 737 i — and Whitmore, formation of amoebulse, 34 Hata, modification of Noguchi technique for cultivation of spirochaetes and trepo- nemes, 126 Hausmann, effects of trichocephalus infec- tion, 651 Head louse, see Pediculus capitis Headache in nasal myiasis, 717, 718 Heart-water fever in sheep, carrier of, 493 Hectopsylla, 543 Heekes, Oxyuris in appendix, 655 Heidenhain-Rosenbusch, iron-hsematoxylin, 752 Heliozoa, characters and habitat, 27 Heller, life-history of Oxyuris vermicularis , 467, 469 — percentage of rats infected with Trichi- nella, 427 Helmerisch's ointment, application in scabies, 706 Helminthes, 2 — biological, not systematic group, 2, 3 — dead, decomposition of, 9 — growth and agglomeration in host, 9 — life spent in intermediate and final host, 18 — life-history of, 18 — multiplication of, discovery of method, 13 — origin of, discoveries as to, 10, 11 — ova of, mistaken for coccidia (footnote), 137 — permanent parasites, 2 — producing substances toxic to host, 9 — separation of LinguatulidcB from, 2 Helminthiasis, 9 — meningitiformis, 649 Helsingfors, clinic of, work done on bothrio- cephalus anaemia at, 644 Hemiptera, characters, 531, 532 — digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpeto- monads, 102 — sub-orders (footnote), 532 Henle, investigation of Gregarinida, 129 Henneberg, site of cysticerci in brain, 665 Henoch, expulsion of ascarides, 693 Hepatozoon, 154 Heptaphlebomyia, characters, 565 Herbst, experimental infection with en- cysted Trichinellffi, 423 Hermann, eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687 Hermaphroditism in permanent parasites, 4 Herpetomonad flagellate in cultures of blood and organs of gecko, 739 Herpetomonads, experimental infection of birds with, 739 — hosts of, 102 — in blood of birds, 739 — in mice, 738, 739 Herpetomonads, stages of, 103 Herpetomonas, 67, 102 — ctenocephali, 103, 111, 112, 738 inoculation experiments with, 103 — davidi infecting plant genus Euphorbia, 104 — jaculum, inoculation experiments with, 104, 738 — life-history, stages of, 103 — muscoi domesticce, 102, 739 — pattoni, 103, 739 inoculation experiments with, 103 — pediculi, 103, 738 — species of, introduction into vertebrates, 103, 104, 112, 738, 739 — stratiomyice, 738 Herpetomoniases, 112, 738 Hessler, R., Norway itch (scabies nor- vegica), 519, 520 Heterogony in nematodes, 372 Heterokaryota, 198 Heterophyes heterophyes , geographical dis- tribution, 264 habitat, 264 morphology, 263 organs of, diagram showing, 263 synonyms, 262 — morphology, 262 Heterophyiidw, 262 — morphology, 232 Heterotricha, 29, 200 Uexactinomyxon psammoryctis , spore of, 187 Hexamastix ardin-delteili, 624, 735 Hexapoda, classification, 431 Higueron, milk of, in ancylostomiasis, 754 Hilton, J., observation of encapsuled Trichi- nellae, 423 Himasthlince, 269 — morphology, 233 Hindle, avian pathogenic spirochaetes, 119 — experimental infection with Spiro- chceta duttoni, 117, 118 Hippius and Lewinson, relationship of Oxyuridce to appendicitis, 698 Hippobosca camelina, 611 — capensis, 611 — equina, 611 — maculata, 611 bite of, 611 — rufipes, 98 — wings of various species, 611 HippobflscidcB, 611 Hirudinca, 480 — alimentary canal of, 480 — anatomy of, 480 — body cavity of, 480 — cocoons of, 481 — excretory or segmental organs of, 481 — muscular system of, 480 — nervous system of, 481 — oesophagus of, 480 — pharynx of, 480 — sexual organs of, 481 Hirudo granulosa, used medicinally, 482 — medicinalis , geographical distribution, 481 INDEX m Hirudo medicinalis , habitat, 481 morphology, 481 — morphology, 481 — niysomelas, used medicinally, 482 — troctina, characters, 482 geographical distribution, 482 Histiogaster, characters, 515 — (entomophagus?) spermaticus, 515 — habitat, 516 synonyms, 516 — food of, 515 Histoplasma, 112 — association with splenomegaly, 112 — capsiilatum, 112, 739 Hoffmann, formation of spores in Treponema pallidum, 125 Holostomata, ova of, development, 224 Holostomum variahile, hosts of, 6 Holothyrus coccinella, effects of bite of, 493 Holotricha, 29, 199 Romalomyia canicularis, larvae of, 584, 585 characters and habitat, 584 - — scalaris, 585 Homoptera (footnote), 532 Hoplopsyllus anom,alus, carrier of plague bacillus, 543, 547 — distinctive characters, 545, 547 Horse, piroplasmosis in, cause of, 174 — serum in cultivation of Treponema palli- dum, 126 — sickness (Gambia), cause of, 100 Horses attacked by Leptus autumnalis, 486 — nagana fatal to, 94 — organs infected with echinococcus, per- centage of frequency, 347 — " surra " in, 95 — trypanosomes in blood of, diseases asso- ciated with, 67,' 68 _ Horwood, polypoid tumour of cervix uteri with Schistosoma infection, 643 Host, influence of parasites on, 8 House-fly, diseases spread by, 586 — see also Musca domestica Howard, larvae of Piophila casei, 583 — Melanolestes morio, 540 — and Clark, bug carrier of virus of polio- myelitis, 536 Howardia, characters, 567, 568 Howardina, characters, 564 Huber, chemically toxic effects of Ascaridm, 650 — limitations in male fern administration, 671 — sites of cysticercus in body, 664 Hulecoetomyia, characters, 564 Human parasites, medical works on, 617 Humble-bee, nests of, larvae of Homalomyia canicularis found in, 584 Hungary, Simulium columhaschensis plague in, 578 Htinsche, infection with Demodex follicu- lorum, 708 Hyalomma cegyptium, characters and mor- phology, 501, 502 Crithidia parasitic in, 104 Hyalomma cegyptium, farm stock sufferers from, in South Africa, 502 — characters of, 497 Hydatid, see Echinococcus — disease, eosinophilia in, 652 — intoxication, 353 — sand, 350 Hydrocele in filariasis, 401 Hydrophobia, cell inclusions in, 207, 208 Hydrot(Ba meteorica, characters, 611 larvae of, habitat, 585 Hymenolepididce, 309, 323 Hymenolepis diminuta, 324, 662 hosts of, 326 intermediate, 327, 328 — — larva of, morphology, 328 — — morphology, 326 occurrence in man, cases reported, 326 synonyms, 326 — lanceolata, 662 — — hosts of, 329 larva, host of, 329 morphology, 328 synonyms, 328 — morphology, 323 — murina, larval stage, development into tapeworm, 305 — nana, development, 324 — ' — diagnosis of presence in body, 661 expulsion of, drugs used for, 661, 662 geographical distribution, 324 habitat in body, 661 infection with, symptoms following, 324 — — morphology, 323 occurrence in man, 326 prevalence in children, 661 c^uestion of identity with H. murina, 324, 325 — -- symptoms following infection by, 661 — -- synonyms, 323 — (Tcenia) murina, development without intermediate host, 17 larval stages occurring in rat flea, 17 omission of intermediate host by, 326 Hymenoptera, characters, 531, 532 Hypochondriac region, right, liver-fluke in, 244 Hypoderma hovis (cattle or warble fly), 595 invading human integument, 595, 596 larvae of, in nose, 724 invading upper eyeliH, 596 — migration in body of cattle, 595 — diana, 596 — lineata, 596 geographical distribution, 596 Hypotricha, 29, 200 Hystrichopsylla, 548 — distinctive characters, 545 864 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Ichneumon, Indian, host of Paragonimus compactus, 251 Ichthyol in chyluria from Filaria bancrofti infection, 677 — paste, application in creeping disease, 732 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, 206 morpholog-y and life-history, 207 Ichthyosporidium, 195 Ijima, experimental infection of man with Dibothriocephalus latus, 312 — on Amoeba miurai, 46 — Tristrongylus instabilis in man, 435 India, nasal myiasis in, 588 — North-West Provinces, percentage of pariah dogs in, affected with Paropis- thorchis caninus, 257 Indian Plague Committee, proof of infec- tion with Xenopsylla cheopis, 547 Infusoria, 198 — characters and habitat, 29, 198, 199 — classification, 199 — digestive processes, 26 — encystment of, 199 — hosts of, 199 — macronucleus and micronucleus of, 198 — mode of life, 199 — morphology of, 198 — reproduction of, 198 Ingram, Ehinosporidium cysts, 197 Inguinal tumour, ascarides escaping from, 656 Inouye, lung fluke disease, 639 Insecta, abdomen of, 529 — anatomy, 529 — blood of, colourless, 530 — development of, 530 — epidermis of, 530 — faceted eyes of, 530 — head of, 529 — intestinal canal of, 530 — metamorphosis of, 530 — nervous system of, central, 530 intestinal, 530 — orders of, 531 — organs of respiration, 530 of touch, smell and hearing, 530 — pharyngeal ganglia of, 530 — sexual organs of, 530 — sexually distinct, 530 — thorax of, 529 Insect flagellates, 102, 104, 737 experimentally introduced into verte- brates, 104, 112, 737, 738, 739 Intestinal canal of Insecta, 530 of nematodes, 363 — obstruction, Ascaris in appendix causing, 654 set up by ascarides, 657 — tract, habitat of Oxyuris vermicularis, 467 Intestine, blood-vessels of, penetration by amoebae, 36 — coccidiosis of, in man, cases, 148 • — Dipylidium caninuvi parasitic in, 660 Intestine, human. Entamoeba coli parasite of, 618 invasion by Metastrongylus apri, 433 larvae of Homalomyia found in, 584 Myriapoda parasitic in, 483 — large, cystic stage of Lamblia intes- tinalis found in, 59 Entamoeba histolytica present in, 38 high injections into, in evacuation of Oxyuridoe, 698 human, Trichuris trichiura parasitic in, 678 irrigation in gangrenous dysentery, 619 — larvae of Gastrophilus inhabiting, 599 — migration of oncospheres from, to liver, 302 of Oxyuris vermicularis from, lesions and irritative symptoms set up by, 694, 695 — number of females of Ancylostoma duo- denale present in, mode of reckoning (footnote), 454 — occlusion of, due to massive accumula- tion of ascarides, 657 — parasites of, in relation to appendicitis, views of authors regarding, 652, 653, 654, 655 invading vermiform appendix, authors recording cases of, 652 — pathological changes m, due to ova of Schistosoma japonicum, 281 — perforation by Ascaris, 655, 656 following diseased processes, 656 — small, Ascaris lumbricoides parasitic in, 687 Dibothriocephalus latus parasitic in, 658 human, inhabited by Tcenia solium, 662 Taenia saginata parasitic in, 667 inhabited by Hymenolepis nana, 661 migration of Ascaris lumbricoides from, to other parts of body, 464 normal habitat of Ascaris lumbri- coides, 464 situation of Trichomonas intes- tinalis, 55 possible invasion by Balantidium minutum, 204 — stenosis of, following infection by Tcsnia solium, 662 — Strongyloides stercoralis in, 755 — ulceration of, associated with Balanti- dium coli, 202 — Yorticellse in, 206 — see also Myiasis, intestinal Intra vitam staining of fresh preparations of Protozoa, 746 Inundation disease, see Kedani Iodide, tincture of, applications in creeping disease, 731 Iodine enemata in flagellate dysentery, 625 — tincture of, in treatment of cutaneous and muscular cysticerci, 663 INDEX 865 Iodoform with bicarbonate of soda, adminis- tration of, in expulsion of ascarides, 694 Ipecacuanha in amoebic dysentery, 619 — de-emetinized, in balantidian dysentery, 637 Iridocyclitis in trypanosomiasis, 623 Iron-hsematoxylin stain, Heidenhain's, 752 Isaac and van Velden, dissolution of para- sitic products in serum of patients with bothriocephalus antemia, 645 Isospora, 149 — bigemina, hosts of, 149 morphology, 149 occurrence in man, 149 synonyms, 149 Israelites, ''fiery serpents" molesting, probable nature of, 386 Itch mites, see Sarcoptidoe Itching resulting from clothes louse infec- tion, 711 — set up by Tetranychus molestissimus , 488 Ivers, infection with Demodex folUculorum, 708 Ixodce, characters of, 496, 497 Ixodes, characters of, 497 — hexagonus, characters and morphology, 500 hosts of, 500 synonyms, 500 — holocychis, characters, 499 symptoms resulting from attacks of, 499 — plumbeus (dog tick), length of life apart from host, 495 — reduvius, act of coitus in, 495 disinfection against, 704 — — infection by, symptoms, 704 larvae of, 495 life-history of, 494 method of oviposition, 494 see also Ixodes ricinus — ricinus (dog tick), bite of, effects, 498 — prophylaxis against, 498 characters and morphology, 497, 498 confusion in nomenclature, 499 geographical distribution, 499 habitat and hosts of, 498, 499 synonyms, 499 transmission of Babesia bovis by, 177 Ixodidoe (ticks), carriers of various diseases to animals and man, 493 characters of, 493 classification of, 496 genera of, synonyms, 497 synopsis of, 497 Ixodinoe, characters of, 496, 497 — transmission of Hmmosporidia by, 704 — and Argantinoe, distinguishing features between, 505 Jackal, Dipylidium caninum parasitic in, 322 Jaksch, von, causation of ancylostoma anaemia, 647 Jamaica, Amblyomma cayennense pest in, 501 — Margaropus annulatus australis pest to man in, 505 James, genera of Anopheliues (footnotes), 562, 563 Jaiiowski on the Trichomonads, 55 — presence of Cercomonads in intestine, 62 Janthinosoma, characters, 563, 571 Japan, Central, percentage of population infected with Clonorchis endemicus , 260 — illness set up by kedani mite in, 487 Japanese river or inundation disease, see Kedani Jaundice, malignant, in dogs, carrier of, 493 cause of, 177 Jaw, upper, nematode larvae in periosteum of, associated with gingivitis, 378 Jejunum, flagellate stage of Lamblia in- testinalis found in, 59 — human, habitat of Ancylostoma duo- denale, 450 Jerboa, haemogregarine in, 154 — inoculation of Trypanosoma lewisi into, 90 Jews, infection with Taenia saginata, 340 — inoculation against Oriental sore, 108 Jigger, see Dermatophilus penetrans Joblotina, characters, 565 Johannseniella, 579, 580 Johns, cultivation of malarial parasites, 170 Jungklauss's preparation as vermifuge, 673 Jiirgens, case of amoebae in urine, 46 — intestinal amoebae, 36, 37 Kabyles, tamne or thimni of, 598 Kahane, earth-eating in connection with Trichuris trichiiira infection, 679 — Trichocephali in appendix, 655 — trichocephalus anaemia, 651 Kala-azar, canine, similarity to human in- fantile form, 103 transmission by dog fleas, 103 — dissemination of bug possibly connected with, 107, 536 — Indian, agents of transmission, 107 geographical distribution, 105 incubation period, 626 mortality great, 626 parasite of, 105, 626 preventive measures, 626, 627 symptoms and course, 626 treatment, 626 — infantile, 109, 627 aetiology. 111, 627 geographical distribution, 109 in adolescents and adults, 109 natural infection of dogs with, 110 preventive measures, 627 relation to Indian, 109 — to Oriental sore shown experi- mentally, 109 symptoms, 627 866 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN Kala-azar, infantile, transmission by fleas, experiments to prove. 111 treatment, 027 — possible transmission by bed bug, 107, 713 Kaldrovils, cysticercus of eye mistaken for foreign body, 664 Kamala as vermifuge, 673 — in evacuation of Oxyuridoe, 697 Kaposi's uaplithol ointment, application in scabies, 707 Kartulis, case of amoebae in urine, 46 — cerebral abscesses in amebiasis, 35 — discovery of amoebae in stools of dysen- tery patients, 30 — Entamoeba kartulisi, 44 — experiments proving connection of amoebae with dysentery, 30 — Sarcosporidia in man, 194 Karyolysus, 154 Kautsky, billiarziasis, 641 Kayser, eye affections due to Liicilia macel- laria, 721 Kedani (Japanese river or inundation disease), 487, 703 — prophylaxis against, 703 ^ _ _ symptoms, 703 — mite. 487 characters of, 487 Kelly, bilharziasis of appendix, 642 Kent, Herpetomonas and Leptomonas, 102 Kerosene, destruction of Tabanidoe by, 601 Kerteszia, characters, 562, 569 Kholodkowsky, post-mortem discovery of Opisthorchis felineus, 253 Kidney and liver cells, yellow pigment in, in ancylostomiasis, 647 Kinghorn, transmission of Trypanosoma rhodesiense, 69 — and Yorke, tsetse-fly transmitting Try- panosoma rhodesiense, 608 transmission of Trypanosoma rhode- siense, 81 Kirmisson, trichocephalus infection in re- lation to appendicitis, 653 Klebs, early researches on malaria, 156 Klencke, early mention and depiction of malarial parasites, 157 Kloss, researches on Coccidia, 136 Klossia, 141 Knackers' yards, infection of rats with Tri- chinella in, 427 Knoch, J., views on development of cestodes, 16 Kobayashi, second intermediate host for Clonorchis endemicus , 261 Koch, R., artificial infection of species of Glossina with human trypanosome, 605 discovery of amoebae in stools of dysentery patients, 30 investigations of Proteosoma and Halteridium in birds, 158 relapses and latent infection of malaria, 158 researches on malaria, 158 on SpirochcBta duttoni, 117 Koch's blue bodies in Theileria parva, 179 Kolliker, investigation of gregarines, 129 Koneff, favourable effects of expulsion of Ascaridce, 650 Kousso flowers as vermifuge, 673 — in evacuation of Oxyiiridw, 697 Kraft, filmaron as vermifuge, 672 Kruse and Pasquale, nomenclature of amoebae, 31 Kiichenmeister, F., experimental rearing of tapeworms, 15 experiments as to metamorphosis of tapeworms, 15 expulsion of Ascaridm, 693 nature of cysticerci, 282 Kuhnt, infection of human eye with fllaria, 406 Kummerfeld's wash for clothes lice, 616 Kunstler, genus Giardia, 736 Kurlow, blood-stained diarrhoea from Strongyloides stercoralis infection, 675 Kutner, favourable effect of expulsion of Ascaridce, 649 — treatment of bilharziasis, 643 Labadie-Lagkave and Deguy, invasion of lymphatic vessels by Onchocerca vol>- vulus, 418 Labbe, copulation in Coccidia, 137 Lacompte, nematodes in human eye, 412 LoRlaps echidniniis, Leishmau granules in, 493 — stabularis, 493 Lafleur, see Councilman and Laflenr Lagocheilascaris, characters, 466 — minor, host of, 467 lesions set up by, 467 — — morphology, 467 Lakes, mosquitoes depositing ova in, 553 Lama, possible carrier of leprosy, 613 Lambkin's mercury cream in treatment of syphilis prevailing in Uganda, 632 Lambl, discovery of human intestinal amoebae, 29 Lamblia intestinalis , 57, 625, 736 association with diarrhoea, 59, 60, 625 treatment, 625 — — characters, 57 flagella of, 57, 58 — — hosts of, 59 — — infection with, 60 nuclear apparatus, 58 site in intestine of flagellate and cystic stages, 59 synonyms, 57, 736 Lankester, liver-fluke in abscess of ear, 244 — Sarcocystis, 193 Lankesterella, 154 Larva migrans, 599 Larvae, dipterous, in conjunctiva, 716 — — in nasal accessory sinuses, 717 in nose in enormous numbers, 716, 717 — in wounds, movement of, 723 INDEX 867 Larvae in wounds, see also under Names of Parasites Larvicides, use in campaign against mos- quitoes, 636 Larynx, ascarides invading, 691 — leeches in, 699, 700 La Spada, echinococcus of liver rupturing into abdominal cavity, 652 Lasioconops, characters, 564 Lassar's paste, application in creeping disease, 732 Laurer's canal of trematodes, 221, 222 Laveran, A., classification of trypanosomes, 71 cross-immunity experiments with Try- panosoma rhodesiense and T.