None
carrossable, a., (of roads) practicable for carriages, vehicles, passable by vehicles. carrossage, m., set (of an axle-arm). carrossier, m., draught horse, carriage horse; petit, small carriage horse. carrousel, m., military festival or pageant by groups of horsemen in costume, who go through various exercises, etc. carroyage, m., checkering (of cross-section or profile paper); copier par, to copy by means of squares on cross-section paper. carrure, f., breadth across the shoulders. cartau, m., (cord.) whip, girt-line; double, whip upon a whip; des projectiles, (art.) shell-whip. cartayer, v. n., to drive so as to keep a rut between the horse and between the wheels. Carte, f., map, chart; card, pasteboard; d'assemblage, in France, a map consolidating the labors of the brigade topographique, and used in the orientation, etc., of siege artillery fire; chorographique, general map, map of a country; en courbes, contoured map; croquis, sketch-map; veffet, map representing surface forms; de l'ensemble de l'art, (art., fortress) map showing what guns bear on a given point; de Vetat-major, French official map of France, on scale of 1:80,000, begun in 1818 and finished in 1882; generale, general map, ordinary geographical map; geographique, geographical map; lecture des s, map-reading; lire une, to read a map; marine, marine chart; militaire, military map or plan; minute, map made directly from survey notes to the scale of the survey, and inked; de mobilisation, map issued. When troops are mobilized for war, of the probable field of operations; modelee b. Veffet, map showing relief of surface of the ground, by hachures, or by flat tints, suitably graduated, etc.; de moulage, (art.) cartridge-paper, stiff board; de Vohservation. (Fr. art.) plan used by observer in an observatoire de tir; carte orographique, orographic map, mountain map; ometric, map showing relief by contours, contoured map; particulitre, special map; plane, plate, plain chart; pointer la, to prick the chart; porter un relhvement sur la, to lay down a bearing on the chart or map; reduite, Mercator's chart, plain chart; routire, road map; topographique, map of a small area, topographical chart, giving details; universal, map of the world; visibilite, map by which visibility of points may be determined with reference to a given point. cartel, m., (mil.) cartel, cartel of exchange; d'exchange, cartel of exchange; d' extradition, agreement between neighboring governments to surrender each other's deserters. cartographic, f., cartography. carton, m., pasteboard; any pasteboard box or receptacle; porfolio; (artif.) paper for pyro-technic purposes; bretelles, (top.) sketching case, slung around neck; Bristol, bristol board; de cartouches, (sm. a., etc.) cartridge packing case; dessin, sketching-board; planche, sketching-board or case (for military sketching, reconnaissance); portefeuille, sketching-board, case (reconnaissance, etc.). cartouche, m., ornamental scroll or drawing inclosing the legend of a map; frame or cartouch ta receive a card or paper (as on a railway car); (mach., etc.) receiver, cylinder (e.g., sm. a., the receiver of the Gaffard liquefied-gas gun); (artif.) rocket-case; (ball.) Recorder of the Le Boulenge chronograph; recepteur, (ball.) recorder of the Le Boulenge chronograph; recepteur, (ball.) recorder of the Le Boulenge chronograph. cartouche, f., cartridge (esp. sm. a., but said of artillery in a few cases); (expl., etc.) cartridge, demolition cartridge, blasting cartridge; allcr am s, (mil.) to go for cartridges; amorce, (expl., forp.) cartridge serving as primer for a charge, e. g., of dynamite, of frozen dynamite; ft amorce centrale, (sm. a.) center-fire cartridge; ft amorce peripherique, (sm. a.) rim-fire cartridge; avakr sa, (mil. slang) to die; ft balle, (sm. a.) ball-cartridge; sans balle, (sm. a.) blank cartridge; ft balles, (art.) a term long used for case-shot; case-shot and its charge in one (obs.); ft balles multiples, (art.) round of ammunition for the canon ii balles (flank defense); ft blanche, blanche, blank cartridge; ft bourrelet, flanged, rim-core, cartridge; sans bourrelet, unmixed cartridge; ft bourrelet et ft gorge, flanged and crim. ped cartridge; ft broche, pin-cartridge, pin-fire cartridge; s de cartouchidre, cartridges issued for guard and other security purposes; ft collet, bottle-shaped cartridge; de combat, (r.f. art.) service cartridge; combustible, self-consuming (paper) cartridge; compute, (sm. a., r. f. art.) round of fixed ammunition; ft culot replib, folded-head cartridge; de dynamite, dynamite petard; etui, (expl.) sort of water jacket surrounding the explosive (safety device); s d' economic, impended cartridges; embouchie, (sm. a., r.f. art.) solid-head, solid-drawn cartridge; etui de, cartridge case; hetui combustible, paper cartridge; cartouche castration cartouche itui metallique, metallic cartridge; itui metallique,  q. v.; fausse, dummy cartridge; d, fumée, {art.) (signal) smoke-producing cartridge to represent bursting of shells at target practice; b, gorge, grooved-head cartridge; ft gorge et sans bourrelet, crimped rimless cartridge; de guerre, regulation service cartridge; d, inflammation centrale, center-fire cartridge; d, inflammation peripherique, rim-fire cartridge; d' instruction, drill, dummy cartridge; metallique, metallic cartridge; d, mibraille, (r. /. art.) case-shot; {sm. a.) fragmentation cartridge (containing several bullets instead of one, segments, etc.); s de mobilisation, {Fr. a.) supply of cartridges kept near assembling point of a corps, to be issued on mobilization; obturatrice, self-seating cartridge; depansement, {med.) first-aid packet; poche b, cartridge pouch; apoudre, blank cartridge; de de. Sac, v. -: — s de s'&rete; speciale, self-igniting cartridge; s de s'&rete, cartridge issued to the guard, etc.; de tir reduit, {sm. cartouche, f., cartridge factory. Cartouche, f., cartridge factory. Cartouche, f., cartridge-box; (sometimes) quick-loader; automatique, box in which the cartridges are pushed out by a spring to the same point, one after another. Cascade, f., (top.) cascade, waterfall, falls. cascane, f., (mil. min.) cascane, shaft from terre-plein near rampart (obs.), case, f., cabin, hut; compartment, pigeon-hole; (in blank forms) divisions made by lines cutting columns at right angles; (mil. min.) intersection of several galleries; aux charges, cartridge compartment of an ammunition chest; aux obus, shell compartment of an ammunition chest; aux projectiles, projectile compartment of an ammunition chest. Casemate, f., (foit.) casemate; armée, (art.) casemate supplied with its equipments; d, canon, gun-casemate (direct fir e); de contre-carpe, counterscarp casemate, under the glacis, at the salients of The front; defensive, generic term for gun-casemate; d, repreuve, bomb-proof casemate; d'escarpe, scarp casemate, opposite and facing a ditch; b, etages, tiered casemate; it un (deux) etage, single- (double-) tier casemate; d'habttatiori, casemate-quarters; d'habttatiori, casemate-quarters; d'habttatiori, casemate-quarters; d'évoy, (art.) casemate ready to open fire; tSte de, head of a casemate, part turned toward enemy; tir indirect, indirect-fire (mortar, generally) casemate. casemater, v. a., (fort.) to casemate. caserne, v. a., to put away; to put away in a pigeonhole; to pigeonhole. caserne, i., (mil.) barracks; blindie, {s. cfort.) armored barracks. Casement, m., (mil.) barrack, quartering in barracks; (Fr. a.) a generic term for all buildings, etc., used for the service or duties, quarters, and instruction of the men, for administrative departments, etc.; commission de, (Fr. a.) board of officers which fixes yearly the distribution and assignment of barracks and of hired quarters, determining the number of men to be sheltered, etc.; effets de, barrack-equipage; masse de, barrack-fimd; officier de, (Fr. a.) lieutenant who, under the major, is responsible for the details of the casement; remettre un, to turn over barracks to troops; reprendre un, (Fr. a.) to take over barracks quitted by troops (engineers and intention); reprise de, taking over of barracks quitted by troops. casement, v. a., (mil.) to quarter, be quartered, in barracks; faire, to put into barracks. casement, m., barrack-keeper, caretaker. easier, m., set of pigeonholes for papers; jvdtciaire, {Fr. adm.) record kept by each civil court (in j)igeonholes, hence name) of all legal proceedings, civil or military, against every person born in the district (arrondissement). casque, m., {unif.) helmet; colonial, cork helmet worn by colonial troops; b pointe, German "pickelhaube." casquette, f., cap; {mil. slang) bugle call "aux champs;" la, {in camp) signal of the arrival of the mail. cassa;e, m., crushing (as of ore). cassant, a., {met.) brittle, short; b chaud, hot-short, red-short; bfroid, cold-short. cassation, f., {mil.) reduction to the ranks; {law) reversal of sentence of lower court; couT de, court of appeals; in France, supreme court. casse, f., {met.) crucible; {mil.) cashiering (obs.). casseaux, m. pi., {Upp.) clamps used in French mode of castration. casse-cou, rider. m., (Tmin.) horse-breaker, rough-casser, v. a., to break, snap; (law) to reverse, set aside a decision, a verdict; les genopes, to break the stops of a flag; de son rang et remettre, replacer, soldat, to reduce a. n. c. o. to the ranks. casse-tete, m., sand bag, loaded stick. cassette, f., box, casing, case. casseur, m., de sucre b 4 sous, (mil. slang) member of a compagnie de discipline. cassine, f., (fort.) fortlet of no importance; town or post not susceptible of defense; small isolated country house that may be defended (Marbot); (met.) limestone flux. cassure, f., (met.) fracture; conchoidal fracture; crystallite, crystalline fracture; b fibres, splintering fracture; b grosses fibres, fracture of coarse fiber; grain, granular fracture; inegale, unequal fracture; lamelleuse, lamellar fracture; b nerf, fibrous fracture. Castor, m., castorin, m., (mil. slang) officer that rarely leaves his garrison. Castration, v. a., (mil. slang) to like to make a long stay in a pleasant garrison town. Castration, f., (mil.) castration. Castration, f., (hipp.) castration, gelding; (of a mare) spaying (rare);. Castration, c., (hipp.) castration, gelding; (of a mare) spaying. Catalan, a., Catalan; methodea la e, (met.) Catalan process.  of portcullis, here; (hydr.) difference of level between upstream and downstream waters of a bridge. Categoric, f., category; (mil.) class (of soldiers, i, e., with respect to entry into service); class of horses (officers' remounts, and in census of horses and of mules for mobilization). cathfetomfetre, m., (inst.) cathetometer. cathode, ra., (elec.) cathode. catoptrique, a., (opt.) catoptric. caustiquc, a., (chem.) caustic. cautfire, m., cautery; (Mpp.) rowel. cauterisation, f., cauterization. caut^riser, v. a., to cauterize, sear. caution, f., (adm.) bond, security, surety, bail; personnelle, bondsman. cautionnement, m., (adm.) sum deposited as security (in contracts, etc.); materiel, money or property presented as security; personnel, bondsman. cavalcade, f., cavalcade. cavalcader, v. n., to go on a cavalcade. cavale, f., (Mpp.) mare. cavaleric, f., cavalry; d' exploration, v. indipendarUe; grosse , heavy cavalry, (Fr. a., cuirassiers); independante, cavalry of exploration, covers mobilization and concentration, forms the outer cavalry screen; leg^re, light cavalry, (Fr. a., chasseurs and hussards); deligne,CB.ya\Ty of the line, ( Fr. a., dragoons); ■ de reserve, reserve cavalry, to support other cavalry (ligne, Ugtre), and to act agamst broken infantry; du service d' exploration , v. indSpendante; - — du service de sHrete, the cavalry of an army corps, performs security service in immediate neigh])orhood of the corps; de sfirete.Y. du service de sHreti. cavalier, m., rider, horseman; staple (as, for tele- graph wire, etc.); (cav.) trooper; (fort.) cavalier; (r. r.) spoil-bank; de bois, (man.) dumb-jockey; -conducteur, (mil.) driver of the train des equipages; - — eltve-brigadier , (Fr. a.) lance-corporal of spahis; eUve-telegraphiste, (Fr. a.) trooper who takes a course of telegraphy at Saumur; espagnol, (man.) sort of dumb jockey; leger, light cavalry man; de manage, trooper charged with care of horses, etc., in certain military schools; de remonte, trooper in a remount establish- ment; • s rouges, (mil. slang) spahis: surfaix , (man.) sort of dumb-jockey; de tranchee, (fort.) trench-cavalier (siege, attack). cave, f., cave; cellar; A canon, (fort.) sort of covered battery (arch overhead covered by 2™ or 3™ of earth, and behind rampart), for indirect fire; d. mortier, (fort.) mortar casemate, proposed by Carnot. caveau, m., underground vault. cavere, a., (hipp.) headed; de noir, black-headed horse cavere, m., (man.) cavesson. cavere, v. a., to dig holes, to hollpw, undermine, excavate; (fence?) to uncover, so as to give adversary a chance to hit.  give up; give way; avantage du vent, (nav.) to lose the weather cable, m., cedar (wood and tree). cable, f., (mil. law) summons of a witness before a court-martial, signed by judge-advocate. conde, v. a., to surround, compass, encompass; to put around; to inclose, face in; (mil.) to surround a position, an army; une epte, to buckle on a sword. ceinture, f., belt, waistband; (r. r.) belt railway; (nav.) armor belt; (joint.) line or belt of works, surrounding a place; (pont.) wale or strip on interior of upper ends of the knees of a pontoon boat, clamp; (art.) rifling band, rotating band, centering band; (art.) rifling band, rotating band or ring; d'appui, (art.) centering-band (sometimes centering shoulder); arrive, (art.) rifling-band, rotating band or ring; avant, (art.) centering-band (In some projectiles, centering shoulder); de blindage à la flotteison, (nav.) water-line armor belt; de centrage, (art.) rotating-band; de flotteison, (nav.) water-line armor belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h, de, forcement, (art.) forcing, rifling, rotating, band; de natation, swimming belt; forqante, h prolongation de, (pont.) blocks, blocking (under rowlocks, U. S. bridge equipage); de sauvetage, life-belt, life-preserver; taquet de, (porU.) cleat supporting prolongation de. ceinturon, m., (unif.) waistbelt, swordbelt; allonge de, belt-strap; plaque de, waistbelt plate. ceinturon, f., (mil.) pedantic term for military signaling (obs.). cellule, f., (mil.) pedantic term for military signaling (obs.). cellule, f., (mil.) prison cell, punishment cell (solitary confinement); de correction, (mil.) solitary confinement (in the regiments strangers and bataillons d'Afrique alone); de depdt, cell in which a military person may be temporarily confined; simple, (mil.) ordinary solitary confinement (in France); (met.) (in the cellular theory of steel) a grain of iron surrounded by cementite. celluloid, m., celluloid. cellulose, f., (chem.) cellulose. cement, m., (met.) cellulose. cement, m., (met.) cementation powder; (hipp.) cement (of teeth), cement, m., (met.) cementation, case-harden- ing; fourjourneau, de, cementation furnace. cement, a., (of armor plates) face-hardened (e. g., Harvey plates). clement, v, a., (met.) to cement, to caseharden. eendrage, m., (fond.) was lying over, washing over, of molds, cendre, f., ashes, cinders; (in the arts, etc.) residues of combustion, ash; de plomb, (sm. a.) dust-shot, mustard seed (cendre is more commonly used). cendre, f., dross, sweepings; (sm. a.) dust-shot, mustard seed. cendre, v. a., (Jond.) to blacken, ash, wash, line, a mold. cendre, a., (Jond.) to blacken, ash-pit, ash-hole (of a furnace, etc.). cendre, m., ash-pit, ash-hole (of a furnace, etc.). centesimal, a., centesimal. centesimal, a., centesimal.  a day on pay of drummers and buglers, as a fund to keep instruments in repair, etc.; d'ordinaire, (Fr. a.) part of corporals' and of soldiers' pay turned into the mess fund; de poche, (Fr. a.) part of pay of corporals and of soldiers given to them in money. centrage, ra., centering, operation of centering, in general; (top.) centering; (art.) operation of finding axis of gun forging before shaping the outside and boring the inside; centering of a projectile in the bore; (mach.) centering (in aathe); du canon, (sm. a.) operation of placing a centering collar on barrel, before turning. entrale, (fr. a.) consolidated account of quarterly receipts and expenditures, showing balance kept by each regiment and establishment counting as. A regiment. centraliser, v. a., to centralize; (Fr. a., adm.) to consolidate accounts, returns, etc.; (of an official) to supervise, to give the necessary orders, directions, etc., and to cause all matters to pass through his hands; — le service de, (of an official) to cause all matters relating to a given service to pass through his hands, etc. centre, m., middle point; (wiZ.) center of supply; du groupement, (ball.) center of impact; de resistance, (mil.) point or position organized to offer a serious resistance to the enemy. centrer, v. a., to find the center, to mark the center (as in lathe work); (top.) to center (aprojectileinthebore); (mach.) to center work in a lathe, etc. (e. g., a gun, a projectile). centrier, m., centripse, m., (mil. slang) foot soldier. cerceau, m., hoop. Cerecle, m., circle, hoop; tire of a wheel; ring, band; club; (inst.) limb; surveying or astronomical instrument for angle measurement; (man.) closed curve described by a horse in working, exercising; circling (by a sqviad;) (mus.) hoop keeping drumhead down; (mil.) formation in circle to listen to publication of orders; circle of officers and n. c. o. receiving orders; subdivision of military territory in Algeria; d'alignement, (inst.) surveyor's transit; annuel, ring (of a tree); arabe, district of military territory in Algeria; d'arret, (mach.) a circle that limits or arrests the motion of some other piece; azimuthal, (insi.) azimuth circle; cécle de butie, (s. c. art.) bearing circle (of a platform); de commune, (min.) v. defriabilité; de contact de piston, (mach.) piston-ring; h crtmailire, (art., mach. ., etc.) ratchet-circle; decrit, (nav.) turning-circle of a ship; demi, {art.) calipers to measure exterior diameters; directeur, (fort.) directing circle; de division, (steam) valve-circle of a valve diagram; dynamometrique, {expl.) General Abbot's ring apparatus; d'etoupe, {mach.) junk ring; de friabilite, {mil., min., etc.) base of trimcated cone through which the effects of explosion reach the surface of the ground, i.e., the circle whose radius is the crater radius; fusant, {art.) priming circle of a fuse; geodesiqucj (inst.) sinveyor's transit with a single-trunmon telescope; mtliiaire, (mil.) military club; noir, (t. p.) bull's-eye; ordre au, (mil.) orders given to officers. and n. c. o's. formed in a circle; de plomb pour joint, lead joint-ring; primitif, (mach.) pitch-circle; portionnel, (mach.) ratio-circle; quart de, quadrant; de recouvrement, (steam) lap-circle of a valve diagram; de reflexion, (inst.) reflecting-circle; repeiiteur, (inst.) repeating-circle; de rupture, (min.) circle of rupture; de serraae, gathering band or collar at the top of a balloon; h taquet, clasp hoop; du tiroir, (steam) valve-circle of a valve diagram; h vis, screw-hoop; zenithal, (inst.) zenithal circle. cercler, v. a., to hoop; (art.) to hoop a gun. cercueil, m., coffin. cfirfiales, f . pi. , cereals, cferfimonlal, m., ceremonial. c6r6monie, f., ceremony. cerf-volant, m., kite; porte-amarre, life-saving kite. cerne, f., annual ring (of a tree). cerner, v. a., (mil.) to surround an army, a position. certiflcat, m., certificate. (The following terms relate to the French army): d' acceptation, certificate from colonel or c. Of recruiting bureau to a young man accepted as a volunteer; Administratif, certificate that a responsible person assumes, or is relieved from responsibility in the case in hand; — d'aptitude, (in promotion by selection) certificate of fitness given to candidates after successfully passing the required examinations; d'aptitude, (in promotion by selection) certificate of fitness given by a young man wishing to serve in certain technical branches (artificers, artillery workmen, engineers, train, etc.); d'aptitude, (in service, document given by a detachment on rejoining, and furnished by the civil authorities; similar document for a rear-guard during a march in France (more or less obsolete); de bonne conduite, good character given  document setting forth correct life and morals, to be furnished by every Frenchman who offers himself for enlistment; de cessation de paiement, certificate show- and the stoppages, if any, to be made (final) by what date pay has been received, the stoppage, "statements, U. S. A.): re-visite, C€ inspection or examination, given as a check, or serving as a check, on a previous medical inspection (sick leave, discharge from hospital, etc.); de entre, de rentrhe, en solde, certificate of return to a status of pay (suppressed in 1883); de examen, medical certificate of examination for the retired list in all grades, and for reforme No. 1 in case of the men; de exemption, certificate of total witness for military service; de incur abilite, certificate of chief surgeon of a hospital (on demand of reform, by officers). etc. of incurable disability not incurred in line of service; de non-opposition, certificate that no objection to payment exists, on presentation of a check or order at a cause other than that on which drawn; d'origine de blessures ou d'infirmitis, attest that wounds, maladies, etc., have been received in line of duty; de presence sous les drapeaux, a certificate of presence with the colors, issued under certain conditions, on demand of interested. certifier, v. a., to certify; une copie, to make "a true copy." ceruse, f., white lead. cervelle, f., brain; (of earths, soils) cohesive-ness. cessation, f., cessation, stop (of hostilities, payment, etc.) cesses, v. a., {in commands) avast! (heaving); (jart.) halt! cession, f., cession (of territory); {mil. adm.) issue or grant from one department of the army to another. chable, f., {cord.) stout rope passed through a pulley for raising a weight. chaboteau, m., {cord.) towline, warp. chaboteau, m., {cord.) to fasten a rope to anything in order to raise it. chaboteau, f., anvil-block. chaboteau, m., {surv.) chaining; {cons.) bracing of walls by anchors, angle-irons, etc. chalne, f., chain; chain of mountains; tie, shackle, band; warp (of cloth); anchor, tie-rod (to bind walls together); main chain or cable (of a bridge); (top.) chain of triangles (as distinguished from a network); (mill) chain (of skir-mishers); the line engaged, the firing line; chain (of sentinels, etc.); allemande, open-link chain; d'amarrage, mooring-chain; d'ancrage en bois, wooden anchor chain, float-chain; an-glaise, close-link chain; d'arret, link; d'arpenteur,  breast-chain; de bout de trait, {ham., esp. art.) trace-chain; de brelage, keep-chain; lashing-chain (e. g., for chess in chess-wagon); cable, cable, chain cable; calibree, sprocket chain; pitch chain; de charge, {mach., etc.) any supporting chain; clef de, {poTU.) suspension chain hook or toggle; en coins & articulations, {mach.) Clissold belt; de combat, (mil.) the line engaged, the firing line; d crochets, v. d, la Vaucanson; decamltre, {surv.) surveyor's chain; d' echappement, {art.) sUng-chain; d' echappement, {art.) that part of a locking or drag chain formed into a loop and not in bearing when wheel is on drag-shoe; d' embreler, {art.) limber-chain, keep-chain; d' enrayage, h enrayer, {art.) D drag-chain, locking chain; d'equipement, (art.) sling-chain; etais, studded chain, stay-link chain; sails etais, unstudded chain, crane chain; etan, unstudded chain, crane chain; etan, endless chain; defrayance, (mil.) chain of troops to protect foraging parties; defrayance, (art.) brake-chain; galles, de galle, pitch-chain, sprocket-chain, flat-fink chain; a godets, chain pump; de levage, (art.) hoisting, lifting chain; de licou, (ham.) halter chain; d, maillons, link-chain (ordinary chain); d, maillons, link-chain (ordinary chain); h Urges maillons. Chainer, v. a., (surv.) to chain, chain off, diatnette, f., small chain; catenary (curve); (ham.) slobhering-chat; (sm. a.) (art.) stirrup; arrei, keep-chain; d'enrayage, (art.) brake-chain; former, to sag, bend down in the middle; de servante, (art.) pole-prop chain; de susbande, (art.) cap-square key chain; h T, small chain and toggle. Chaineur, m., (surv.) chainman, (esp.) hind chainman; porte-chaine, hind chainman. Chalnon, m., (surv.) chain; eable-length; (top.) short chain of mountains; en bois, link or element of a chain of logs end to end. Chair, f., flesh; flesh side of leather; (r. r.) chair, railway-chair; cannelee, (hipp.) lamellar tissue of the foot. Chapin, (hipp.) v. cannelee; de pied, (hipp.) Envelope of the interior parts of the foot, keratogenous membrane; flesh of the foot; velvety tissue of the foot; chamois, (hipp.) velvety tissue of the foot. Chasse, (hipp.) velvety tissue of the foot. Chasse, (mach.) chair, seat; (cons.) frame, timber-work; (r. r.) rail-chair; (mach.) hanger; (nav.) armor shelf; articulation spherique, (mach.) ball-and-socket hanger; de la cuirasse, (mach.) post hanger; de la cuirasse, (mach.) armor shelf; nervures, (mach.) ribbed hanger; rotule, (mach.) adjustable hanger; de transmission et de renvoi, (mach.) hanger. Chaland, m., lighter; (bouche de, heating pipe or flue; couve de, (sunstroke); rouge, (met.) red heat; soudante, (met.) welding heat; soudante, (met.) welding heat; spicifique, (met.) Specific heat; suante, {met.) welding heat. Chaiit, m., bedframe, frame of a bed. Chaloupe, f., launch; canonnikre, {nav.) gunboat; pliante, collapsible boat, folding boat; a vapeur, steam-launch. Chalumeau, m., blowpipe; d gaz, gas blowpipe. Chiamade, f., (mil.) drum or bugle for a parley with the enemy (obs.); battre la, to sound or beat a parley; {fig.) to surrender, yield. Chamalier, m., slight skirmish, brush, of no importance; v. n., to have a slight brush with the enemy. Chamalier, m., (mil. slang) at the Ecole Polytechnique, act of smashing the furniture, etc., of new cadets, making hay in a new cadet's room. Chambarder, v. n., (mil. slang) at the Ecole Polytechnique, to smash the furniture, etc., of new cadet's room. Chambarder, m., (art.) ratio of chamber diameter to caliber; (mil. min.) operation of preparing or forming the mine chamber by the use of high explosives (or of hydrochloric acid in calcareous rock); operation of increasing the diameter of a boring (by the same process); the mine chamber itself, prepared by high explosives. Chamalier, m., frame, casing; door or window casing; (min.) frame of a mine gallery; (cont.) outer or false casing. Chambre, f., room, chamber; Chamber of Deputies (France); {art., sm. a.) chamber (for the charge of the projectile); chamber of a revolver; {art.) cavity, blowhole, defect, honeycomb (bronze and cast-iron guns); air, air-chamber; inner tube of a bicycle tire; ardente, {sm. a.) a circular recess or space in rear of paper cartridge of first breechloader used, to insure expulsion, combustion, of unburnt parts of case; d, balls, {art.) bullet-chamber (of a shrapnel); des canons, {fort.) gunroom (of a turret); d'un canot, stern sheets; de charge, {torp.) explosive chamber (of a torpedo); de chauditre, boiler room; de chauffe, fire-room, stoke-hole; Claire, camera lucida; Claire megaloptique, magnifying camera lucida (Colonel Goulier's), de combustion, (steam) fire-box; de compression, {mil. min.) the (mathematical) volume over which the interior effect of an explosion are manifested; (mach.) the (exaggerated) clearance of the Otto gas-engine cylinder; hérasse, {sm. a.) v. ardente; cylindrique, {art.) case for the bursting charge of a shell; d'cclatement, {art.) bursting space behind a proving-ground target, admitting of the recovery of shell fragments in experimental firing; hfeu, (art.) powder-chamber of a fuse; defonderie, (fond.) defect, in a casting; aux lampes, {fort.) lamp-recess of a powder magazine; aux lumibres, v. aux lampes; de la machine, engine-room; de manoeuvre, des manoeuvres, {fort.) working or operating room of a turret; de mine, {mil. min.) chamber of a mine; noire, {phot.) camera; A poudre, {art.) powder-chamber of a gun, of  rail, (r. r.) seat of a rail; des rigulateurs d'immersion, {torp.) balance or "secret" chamber of the Whitehead torpedo; d, de, sable, {art.) sand inclosure, or enclosed sand-butt (proving ground, for safety and for recovery of projectiles); de tir, {fort) gun-room of a turret; du tiroir, {steam) valve-chest; fournante, {met.) rotary chamber (of a mechanical puddler); A, de, vapeur, {steam) steam-chest; steam-space of a a boiler. Chambre, a., (met.) blistered, honeycombed; (art.) chambre, f., (mil.) number of men in one squad-room, squad. de, in charge of a squad, or barracks-room. clianibrer, v. a. n., to chamber; (inil.) to mess and live together in the same room or tent; (mil. min.) to make the chamber of a mine, (art., etc.) to chamber (a gun); se, (art.) to become pitted or honeycombed (of a gun). chambreux, a. v., chambreux. cliambridre, f., long whip, lacing whip; cart-prop; (cord.) lacing. chameau, m., camel; a une bosse, dromedary; d, deux bosses, camel proper; corps de x, camel corps of the Egyptian army. chauois, ra., chamois leather, shammy. Champion, m., field; edge (i.e., least dimension, as of a plank, brick, etc.); {inst.) field, interior space (of a telescope, etc.); {mil.) battlefield; {art.) field (of fire); champ, aux » (mil), call or battery sounded on the approach of the president or sovereign, of ministers of state, and of general officers toward troops under their command; when a body of troops passes another, or before a post or guard; at the ceremony of relieving guard; and when a soldier sentenced to death arrives at the place of execution; de bataille, battlefield; de bataille defensif, defensive battlefield, (heiféo, technically) a strongly entrenched battlefield; de bataille defensif-offensif, a battlefield strone;ly intrenched, but with wide intervals, permitting offensive operations; de bataille offensij, offensive battlefield, (hence, technically) one but slightly entrenched; de, on edge, on end , upright (of planks, bricks, etc.); (mos.) headers and stretchers (of bricks); defensif, {mil.) that part of a battlefield intended to be merely held; d'egal eclair ement, (.opt.) field of equal illumination; d'epreuve, (art.) proving ground; d'experiences (des torpilles), (torpedo) testing ground; d' exploitation, (min.) working place or room in a mine; de feu, (ball.) obsolete name for trajectory; deforce, (elec.) field of force; galvaniqve, (elec.) magnetic field; de lumiere, (art.) vent-field; magnetique, (elec.) magnetic field; de manceuvre, (mil.) drill-ground; de Mars, (mil.) drill-ground; offensif, (mtZ.) that part of a battlefield in which the main, i.e., the offensive, effort will be made; de tir, (inf.) small-arm target range; (art.) proving-ground, practice-ground; field of fire (of a gun, of a gun, of a battery, of a line, of a position); tournant, (elec.) rotating field; de vision, (opt.) field of view (field-glass, telescope, etc.); visuel, visual field; space seen or covered by one eye or two eyes (monoculaire, binoculaire); de vue, v. de vision. Champion, m., mushroom; (art.) mushroom, i.e., head of the De Bange gas-check; (hipp.) scirrhous cord; (elec.) knot or mushroom on arc-light carbon; (r. r.) head of a rail (with reference to shape of cross-section); (fond.) sleeker; raild, double, (r. r.) double-headed rail; d, tete de, mushroom-headed. chance, f., chance; s de guerre, (mil., etc.) fortune of war. chanceler, v. n., to totter, stagger; (mil.) to waver (of troops). chancelierie, m., chancellor (of an order, etc.). chancelierie, f., chancellery, administration (of an order, etc.), e.g., Legion of Honor; chandelier, m., candlestick; stanchion, upright; crutch, swivel; (siege) chandelier, fascine-chandelier (obs.); (r. /. art.) fork-pivot, pillar of a Pierrot (in many r. f. mounts), cross-head (sometimes); (art.) firing-support (Rus-sian 15"n" mortar); affHt h — (r.f. art.) any fork-pivot mount; de blinde, v. de tranchee; ifourchc, (r.f. art.) fork-pivot; de mine, (mil. min.) miner's candlestick; de tranchee, (siege) a wooden framing used in building up cover by means of fascines (obs.). chandelle, f., candle; prop, shore, stay; (mil. slang) musket, sentry; chandelle romaine, (art.) Roman candle, change, f., (cons.) hollow tile, when laid with hollow up. chanirein, m., chamfer, bevel; (hipp.) forehead; ten, beveled; tailler en, to chamfer, to bevel. chanfreiner, v. a., to chamfer, bevel. change, m., change (of direction, of garrison, etc.); h aiguilles, (r. r.) point-switch; split-switch; double aiguille, (r. r.) double switch; double, (mil.) transfer from one arm to another; de corps, (mil.) transfer from one regiment to another; de dimension, (mil.) passage from a gallery to a smaller (in construction); de direction, (mil.) change of direction (of a column or line of troops, to the right, etc., by the flank, etc.); also, the command for a change of direction (the movement and the command are in some cases equivalent to "column right," etc.; in others, to "(squad) right," etc., U. S. A.); de front, (mil.) change of front; de garnison, (mil.) change of garrison; de main, (man.) change of hands; de marte, (mach.) reversing gear; de marte, turn of the tide; d'objectif, (art.) change of Target, also command for the purpose; de père, (mil. min.) change of slope (in constructing galleries, etc.); de père, (man.) change of the (leading) foot in galloping; de père en Vair au tact, (man.) change of foot (made in the air on contact); de père en Vair au temps, (man.) change of foot made during temps à suspension, q. v.; de posies, (art) change of posts (at a gim); de sape, (siege) change of posts (at a gim); triple, (r. r.) three-throw switch; d, trois voies, (r. r.) v. triple; de vote, (r. r.) switch; action of switching; siding; de vote, rails mobiles, (r. r.) stub switch. Changer, v. a., to change; le pas, (mil.) to change step. (For other adjuncts, as de corps, de main, de voie, etc., v. s. v. changement.) chantepleure, f., sort of funnel with a rose at the end; opening in a wall for the passage of water; barrel faucet, or plug; outlet for water; pipe, spout; drain, sort of gutter. chantier, m., skid, small beam; (art.) block, full-block (for mechanical maneuvers); (nav.) yard, shipyard, stocks; (in gen.) any place where men are at work (e.g., working parties, in a siege, etc.); (r. r.) embarking track (troops); de calage, skid; de chevalets it fascines, (fort., siege) fascine bench; de commettage, (cord.) laying-machine; de construction, (nav.) shipyard, shipbuilding yard. (in gen.) construction shop; demi, (art.) half-block; entre en, (fig.) commencement of any operation, work; entre en, (fig.) to begin work, an operation, etc.; d'élection d'une mine, (min.) excavation room of a mine; de manoeuvres, (art.) block (for mechanical maneuvers), beam, or skid; de marine, (nav.) dockyard; mettre en, to put to work (as, mil., working parties); mettre un navire sur le, (nav.) to put a ship upon the stocks. chantignole, f., bracket, wooden purlin-block, or cleat; (mas.) sort of brick of half the thickness of the common brick. chanture, m., cutting, operation of cutting in profile; sawing out along a curve; to trace out on wood, marble, etc. chanture, v. a., to cut a profile; to saw out along a curve; to trace on marble, wood, etc. chanvre, m., hemp femelle, female hemp; md7e, male hemp; de Manille, manila hemp; porte-graine, v. a., (mil. slang) to loot, steal, go marauding. Chapar, m., (mil. slang) marauder. Chape, f., cap (of a compass or magnetic needle); bearing of the knife-edge of a balance; shell (of a block), pulley-frame, roller-frame; tongue (of a buckle); (fond.) cope (of a mold); molding clay; (art.) frame holding chassis wheels; outer barrel or case for a powder-barrel, chape; (ham.) rectangular frame used to connect two straps, leather loop formed by folding end of strap back on itself; (mach., etc.) strap (e.g., connecting-rod strap), clasp, clevis, loop, chape, strap and loop or eye, swivel-frame, bearing, axle-bearing; (fort, mas.) coating of cement laid on extrados of a vault, of an arch; (sm. a.) top-locket (of a scabbard); chape (of ascabard), holster-cover; (of a crochet, shell (of a block) and hook; de croupier e, (ham.) crupper En dos días, (fort.) capping (of a casemate); d'equipement, (art.) rigging-shell of a gin-pulley; piton, staple or strap with an eye or loop in the middle; plan de, (cons.) weathering: d,, de, souvement (art.) roller-frame for throwing the top carriage in gear; roller-frame of the trail of the affliction soul-vement; de s'rete, (mach.) safety- or locking-strap. Chapeau, m., hat, cap; cover; gland, t op, lid; cap (in constructions in general); (aré) fuse-cap, fuse-cover; breech-plug cap; bearing-plate; cap of a gunlift; (mach.) hollow tile, when laid with hollow down; girt, intertie; (mach.) press-block; gland of a stuffing-box; (mil. min.) cap (of a frame); (pont.) trestle-cap; (unif.) hat worn by generals, staff officers; cocked hat; en bataillé (unif.) cocked hat worn crosswise; de holt d, itoupe, (mach.) stuffing-box gland; de cabestan, drumhead of a capstan; de chassis, (mil. min.) cap, upper crosspiece of a frame; de cheminee, funnel-cowl, chimney-hood; chevalet, (pont.) trestle-cap; h claque, (unif.) cocked hat; en colonne, (unif.) cocked hat worn lengthwise (i.e., in the usual way); h comes, (unif.) cocked Hat; h coudes, (pont.) the cap of the Belgian trestle (allows a variation of slope to first bay); defusie, (art.) fuse cap or cover; de la hausse, (art.) cross-bar, deflection-bar, of a rear sight; de lumihre, (art.) vent-cover; mobile, v. de la haussei de palee, cap, capping-piece, string-piece; de palter, (mach?) plunmer-block top or cap, bearing cap; porte-cran de mire, (art.) traversing head of a rear sight; protecteur, (art.) fuse-cover, -cap; travon, v. sommier. Chapelet, m., rosary, chaplet; chain-pump; paternoster-pump, noria; raft of casks; (ham.) Stfrrup-leather; pair of stfrrui)-leathers with stirrups, fastened to pommel of saddle and connected at the top by a sort of leather buckle; connecting-strap or piece (pack saddle, on saddle of an artillery team); (expl.) string, row, or series of cartridges; (sm. a.) holster-iron; (hipp.) sort of chain or series of splints; apparatus or device to keep a horse from biting, etc., a place that has been dressed; elecirique, (expl.) set of fuses connected so as to produce simultaneous explosion of several charges; (torp.) assemblage of torpedoes connected up so as to go off together; en, (expl.) in a row, string, necklace; faire manoeuvre en, (art.) to parbuckle a piece on skids; monter une place en, (art.) to parbuckle a piece on skids; de torpilles, (torp.) line or range of mines. chapelle, f., chapel; (mach.) cylinder-case of a blowing-cylinder; valve-box (of a pump, etc.); de campagne, (mil.) field chapel (portable furniture for religious services). chaperon, m., cover, hood; coping (of a wall); (sm. a.) holster-cap; du bee, (pont.) capping of the cutwater; de la lumihre, (art.) vent-cover. chapiteau, m., head, top, cap; cover, hood; capital (of a column); head-beam; bridge (of a boring machine); (art.) sort of vent-cover made of planks; (art.) head, cone, of a rocket, etc., carcass-heading; (art.) top or edge of the locket of certain side-arms; d'artifice, de fusee, (art.) head and cone of a rocket. chapska, m., (unif.) lancer's helmet. chapuis, m., (ham.) wooden saddle-frame. Char, m., cart (2-wheeled vehicle). Charron, m., weevil. Charron, v. r., to become weevil-eaten. charbon, m., coal, charcoal; disease of men and of animals, accompanied by gangrenous tu- mors; - — bitumineux, bituminous coal; - — blanc, (hipp.) anasarca; de bois, charcoal; de cornue, gas-coke; depot de , (nav.) coaling station; elecirique, (elec.) arc-light carbon; faire du , (nav.) to coal; fiUreh , charcoal filter; ■ de forge, smithy coal; gros h la main, screened coal; • de houille, coke; sea-coal, pit-coal, anthracite coal; incombustible, anthracite coal; luisant, anthracite coal; manche h , coal chute; mineral, nard coal, anthracite; ?wir, black charcoal (for black powders); pellea , coal shovel; ■ — - de pierre, stone coal, anthracite; poussier de , coal dust ; roux, red, brown charcoal (for cocoa pow- ders); souteh, , (nav.) coal bunker; — - de terre, coal, anthracite coal; de iourbe. peat coal; d'usine, forge coal; vegetal, charcoal. charbonnage, m., coal-mine; coal-mining. charbonng, a., (hipp.) marked with black (of a horse's coat). charbonner, v. a., to reduce to charcoal, to car- bonize. charbonnier, m., fireman; collier; coal-hole; coal' burner. charbonnure, f., (hipp.) black mark, of variably size and distinctness, in a horse's coat. chardon 73 eharger chardon, m., (mU.) creeper, worn on shoe in an assault (obs.). cliarge, f., load, burden, freight; order, direc- tion, command, commission; office, place, em- ployment; charge ([of a furnace); charge or pressure corresponding to the difference of two piezometric levels; (adm.) condition imposed on bidders or contractors, (hence, in pi.) speci- fications; (harn.) pack; (hipp.) horse-pouuice; (mil.) charge, onset, attack, signal for attack; (art., sm. a.) charge (of powder, of explosive), bursting charge (of a shell); loading, operation of loading; (expl., min.) charge; (law) charge, accusation. I. Military; II. Technical and Miscel- laneous. I. Military: amorce, (art., expl., torp.) priming-charge; flash charge, dry gun-cotton priming of a torpedo; d'amoTQage, (art., etc.) priming charge; flash arrilre, h Varrihre, (art.) rear burster; ii arrihre, (art.) with rear burster (of a shell); avant, h Vavant, (art.) front burster; ii vavant, fitted with a front burster (of a shell); d, la bionnette, bayonet charge; en bataille, charge in line; battre la, to beat the charge; en blanc, blank charge; de combat, (art.) service charge; h cylindre, (art.) reduced charge, the powder being confined in an interior cylinder; d'eclatement, (art.) bursting charge; en echelons, (cav.) charge In echelons; entire, (art.) full charge; d'exercice, (art.) practice charge, reduced or drill charge; explosive, (art.) bursting charge; faible, (art.) reduced charge; infond de train, (cav.) charge pushed home; en fourrageurs, (cav.) charge in extended order; charge as foragers; de guerre, (art.) full charge, full service charge; en haie, charge in line; interieure, (art.) bursting charge of a shell; la, la en fourrageurs, signal or call for the charge, etc.; en ligne, en muraille, (cav.) charge in line; normale de tir, (art.) usual service charge; nouvelle, (art.) additional charge; petite, (art.) reduced charge; pleine, v. entire; procede des s successives, (mil. min.) system in which each explosion prepares a chamber for a second charge; quotient de la, (art.) ratio of weight of powder to weight of projectile; riduite, v. petite; de service, (art.) service charge; Sonner la, to sound the charge; En deux temps, (r. f. art.) system of loading in which cartridge and projectile form one piece; En temps, (r.f. art.) system in which cartridge and projectile form one piece; En temps et mouvements, (art., etc.) loading by detail, by the numbers; De tir, (art.) gun charge as distinguished from the bursting charge; usuelle, (Fr. art.) reduced charge for curved fire; h volonte, (sm. a.) loading at will. 