None
825 Bear-berry, 405 Beard-tongue, 668 Bear's-breech, 378 Beaucarnea, 413 Beauty of form in the flower- • garden, 226 Bed, ""^ carpet " 206 Jiower^ plan of^ 207 of Carnations at Bul- ivick, 495 ; China A sters, IIS 'ijine-leavcd plants y Hyde Parky 230; hardy and half-hardy plants, 205 ; Italian Narcis- sus, 107 Bedding and tine-leaved plants, 208 out, colour in, 287 ; prin- cipal plants used for,2i3 sub-tropical, 210 summer, 204 Beds, double cropping of, 94 flower, plastered margins to, 344 on turf, bulbs in, io8 Beds, rose, and alpine flowers, 193 ; prepara- tion of the, 193 Beet, Chilian, 421 Begonia, 420 Behria, 420 Bellevallia, 420 Bellflower, 434 Broad, 678 Chilian, 644 Gland, 380 Great Oriental, 657 Michauxs, 628 Bellis, 420 Bellium, 421 Bellwort, 798 Belfitontt clivihing cluster rose at, 185 Belvedere, 586 Belvoir, shaded walk at, 331 Berberidopsis, 421 Berberis, 421, 621 nepalensis, 421 Berkeley Castle. Oldclipped evergreens, 291 Berkheya, 421 Berry, Bear, 405 Deer, 629 Partridge, 537 Silver, 507 Beta, 421 Bidston, Cheshire, Rhodo- dendron garden at, 175 Biennial plants, 116 ; annual and, no; families of, 117 Bignonia, 422 grandijlora, 131 Bindweed, 462 Bitton, plan of flower-gar- den at, 320 Bladder Senna, 461 Blanket-flower, 533 Blechnum, 422 Bleeding Heart, 500 Bletia, 422 Blitum, 422 Bloodroot, 744 Bloomeria, 422 Bluebell, 758, 759 Californian, 643 Bluets, 561 Blumenbachia, 422 Bobartia, 422 Bocconia, 422, 618 cordata, 423 Boehmeria, 422 Bog-garden, 270 ; form- ation of, 271 ; the, 267 rocky, Mocassin-flower in, 268 ■ Boltonia, 422 Bomarea, 422 Bongardia, 423 Borage, Cretan, the, 423 Borago,. 423 Border, alpine plant on, 144 flower, against house, 83 ; wall at SidburyManor, %x\at Fillingham Cas- tle, Lincoln, 79 ', ferns and, 280; in fruit gar- den atDunrobin Castle, 85 ; the fruit or kitchen garden, 81 ; Mr. Frank Miles on the, 83 flowers, hardy, for British gardens, 89 Itis, at Buhwick, 109 of Delphiniums at Hall Green; 88 ; hardy flow- ers, 87 ; Michaelmas Daises, Munstead, 242 rocky, ivith edging of dwarf plants, 344 shady, a, 286 Borders, by grass walks, 80 evergreen, of hardy flow- ers, 86. Borders, flower, against walls and houses, 81 ; at Broadway, Worces- ter, 77 ; fringing shrub- beries, 78 ; with grass path between, 75 of hardy flowers, 74 ; cost and endurance, 74 ; the true way, 75 plans of, 287 The Grove, Wisha-w, go Borkhausia, 423 Botryanthus, 423 Boussingaultia, 423 Bower and stone table, 369 Vine shaded, a, 373 Box, 425 edgings, 340 Boykinia, 423 Brachycome, 423 Bracken, New Zealand, 567 Brake, 702 Bramble, 740 Brassica, 423 Bravoa, 424 Brevoortia, 424 Bridge, tree, oz'er stream- let, 364 Bridges, 364 Brier, A ustrian Copper, the, 738 §reen, 769 Briza, 424 Bi'odisea, 424, 428 Bromus, 424 Broom, 479 and Furze, 177 Pink, New Zealand, 645 Rock, 538 Spanish, 771 Broomficld, Caterham, a hardy fernery at, 278 Browallia, 424 Brugmansia, 424 Knightii, 486 Brush Bush, the, 521 Bryan thus, 425 Bryonia, 425 Bryony, 425 Black, 781 Buckbean, 626 ; fringed, 60s Buckeye, 382 Buckthorn, Sea, 561 Buddleia, 425 Bugbane, 451 Bugle, 364 Bulbocodium, 25 Bulbous and tuberous flow- ers, hardy, 97 ; plants, some hardy, log Bulbs, hardy, among choice shrubs, 107 ; for cut flowers, 107 ; in beds on turf, 108 Bui wick, 57 Bed of Carnations at, 495 covered vjay at, 62 Iris border at, 109 Bunchberry, 465 Bupthalmum, 425, 784 speciosum, 426 Bush Brush, the, 521 Fire, 508 Spray, 773 Butcher's broom, 741 Butomus, 425 Butterwort, 678 Buxus, 425 Cabbage, skunk, 780 Cactus, 426 Caladium, 426 Calamintha, 426 Calampelis, 426 Calandrinia, 426 oppositifolia, 427 Calceolaria, 427 Calendula, 428 Calla,428, 718 palustris, 428 Callichroa, 428 Calliopsis, 428 Calliprora, 429 Callirhoe, 428 CallistephuS] 429, Calluna, 429 Calocephalus, 429 Calochortus, 429, 477 flavus, 431 fuscus, 432 Calopogon, 432 Caltha, 432 Calycanthus, 433 Calypso, 433 Calystegia, 433 Camassia, 433 Camellia, 433 Camomile, 398 Campanula, 434 carpatica, 435 chimney, the, 362 hirsuta, 436 pyramidalis, 436 turbinata var., 437 Campion, 615 Camptosorus, 437 Canary Creeper, 791 Candytuft, 567 Canna, 437 iridfiora Ehemanni, 438 Cannabis, 438 sativa, 439 Cannas,youngA ilantus tree with, 384 Canterbury Bell, 435 Carbenia, 438, 460 Cardamine, 438 Cardinal-flower, 6og Carex, 438 Carnation, 453, 496 Lily and Iris, rg8 Carnations and roses in front of Tudor House, 201 at Bulwick, bed of , 495 in pots and vases, 495 perpetual, in the open air, Carpenteria, 439 califomica, 440 " Carpet-bed^' 206 gardening at Chicago,, last expression of, 5 Cassandra, 439 Cassiope, 439 fastigiata, 441 Castle, the Dingwall, Tulip' garden at, 103 Castlewellan, co. Tree Rhododendron at, 713 Castor-oil plant, 718 Catalpa, 439 Catananche, 439 aerulea, 442 Catchfly, 616, 766 Cathcartia, 440 Cat's-ear, 398 -tail, 674 Caulophyllum, 440 Caiudor Cattle, 41, 42 Ceanothus, 440 Cedar, 441 Cedars, Gunnersbury House,. 293 Cedronella, 441 Cedrus, 441 Celastrus, 441 Celosia, 441 Celsia, 441 cretica, 443 Centaurea, 391, 441 viosckata, 444 Centauridium, 443 Centaury, 518, 742 Centranthus, 443 Cerasus Watereri, 700. Cerastium, 443 Cerasus, 443 Cercis, 443 Cerinthe, 443 Ceterach, 444 Chaenostoma, 444 Chamsbatia, 444 Chamsepeuce, 444 Chamaerops, 445 Fortunei, 446 Chaste-tree, 812 Cheiranthus, 445 -■ Chelone, 447 Chenopodium, 422, 447 Cherry, 6gS Bird, 698 Cornelian, 466 Jews, 466 Laurel, 698 Pie, 553 Winter, 677 Chestnut, Horse, 382 water, 788 Chicory, 451 Chillingham Castle, 53, $5 Chimaphila, 447 Chimonanthus, 447 China Aster, 429 Asters, bed of 11$ Chionanthus, 447 Chionodoxa, 447 sardensis, 448 Chive, 385 Choisya, 448 ternata, 4491 Christmas Rose, 554, 555 Roses in bed in reserve garden, 93 Chrysanthemum, 448- Cottage Pink, 452 frutescens, 449 Mdme. Desgrange, 450- Chrysobactron, 451 Chrysurus, 451 Cichorium, 451 Cimicifuga, 451 raceviosa, 453 Cineraria, 4S2 Cinquefoil, 684 Cistus, 452 florentinus, 453 ^26 THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN, Jlhcstrations in Italics. •Cistus,ybrmosu5, 454 ladanifer-us, 455 Cladium^ 453 ■Cladr.astis, 453, 811 Clarkia, 453 alba, 456 ■Claytonia, 454 •Clematis, 412, 454 and other hardy climberSj pergola with, 133 Davidiana^ 459 Lady Caroline Neville, , 4S8 lanuginosa alba, 457 on pillar, 127 ■Clerodendron, 460 Clethra, 460 ■Clianthus, 460 ■Climbers, and their artistic use, 127 annual and herbaceous, 134 evergreens as, 137 of classic beauty or rarity, 129 on Shrubs, fragile, 130 ; on the Vicarage, Odi- ham, 129; on trees, vigorous, 128 ; on walls 287 Roses as, 131 trees supporting, 134 'Clintonia, 460 Cnicus, 460, 710 'Cobzea, 460 Cockscomb, 441 ■Cocksfoot, 480 Codonopsis, 460 'Colchicum, 460 in grass, 460 -Coleus, 461 -Colletia, 461 cruciata, 461 CoUinsia, 461 ■CoUomia, 461 'Colour, blue, 285 in bedding out, 287 ; the flower garden, 283 progression of, a, 285 purple and lilac, 285 'Colours, warm, 285 Coltsfoot, 796 Virginian, 797 Columbine, 400 Rocky Mountain, 402 Siberian, 402 "Colutea, 461 ■Comfrey^ 780 Commehna, 461 Contpton IVinyates, 47, ^ 48. Downmgia, 504 Draba, 504 Dracaena, 504 Dracocephalum, 504 Dragons, 408 head, 504 Mouth, 407, 408 Drainage, 348 Drimys, 504 Dropmore, Loggia, 374 Dropwort, 772 Drosera, 505 Dryas, 505 Drummond Castle, Perth, 27, 4T Duckweed, fruitmg, 643 Dunrobin Castle, N.B. , flower border in fruit garden^ 85 Dutchman's-breeches, 501 pipe, 406 Dyckia, 503 Eccremocarpus, 496, 505 Echeveria, 505 Echinacea, 506 Echinocactus, 506 Echinocereus, 500 Echinocloa^ 506 Echinocystis, 506 Echinops, 506 ruthenicus, 506 Echinospermum, 507 Echium, 507 Edeliveiss, 592 Eden hall, Cumberland, 10 Edge Hall, Malpas, Che- shire, 6r, t(i Edging, Ivy, 341 mud, example of ugly cracked, 344 of dwarf plants in groups, 344 stone, 339 to rough border, bold ever- green, 340 white Pink, 343 Edgings, Box, 340 dwarf evergreen, 342 flower garden, live and dead, 338 grass, 340 natural stone, 338 walks and, 334 Yew, Ivy, Heath, and various, 341. Edraianthus, 507 Edwardsia, 507 Ejfford Manor, old Wist- aria at, 138 Elaeagnus, 507 Elder, 744 Elder field, Miss Yonge's garden at, 72 Elephant's-ear, 420 Elm, IVych, on lawn, 326 Elymus, 508 arenarius, 509 Embothrium, 508 Emilia, 508 Emmenanthe, 508 Empetrum, 508 Enkianthus, 509 Enys, Cornwall, pond at, Eomecon, 509 Epigsea, 510 repens 510 Epilobium, 510 Epimedium, 510 foliage of, 360 Epipactis, 510 Equisetum, 510 Eragrostis, sri Eranthis 511 Eremostachys, 411 Eremurus, 511 robustus, 512 Erianthus, 513 Erica, 429, 513 Erigeron, 514, 777, 816 multiradiatiis, 515 speciosus, 513 Erinus, 515 Eriobotrya, 515 Eriogonum, 515 Eriophorum, 515 Eritrichium, 515 Erodium, 516 Erpetion, 516 Eryngium, 516 ajuethystinum , 517 viaritimum, 518 Oliverianum, 519 Erysimum, 518 Erythrcea, 518 Erythrina, 519 Erythronium, 519 Escallonia, 520 Eschscholtzia, 520 Eucalyptus, 521 Eucharidium, 521 Eucnide, 521 Eucomis, 52r Eucr^phia, 521 Eulalia, 522 japonica, 523 Euonymus, 522 Eupatorium, 524 Euphorbia, 524 Euryaj 524 Eurybia, 524 lUtistrations in Italics. INDEX 827 Eutoca, 524 EvaporatioD, 345, 351 Evergreen flowering shrubs, tne nobler, 296 noble native, 292 plants, 24C) shrubs, dipped, 302 iree^ ^veeping^ 333 trees and shrubs, 304 ; ugly, 295 ; in natural forms, 293 ; the nobler, weeds, 295, 297 Evergreens'as backgrounds, 290 clipped, 298 Everlasting, 711 flower, 553 ^ , JSversley, Rectory Garden at, 57, 64 Kxocborda, 524 Exogonium, 524 Fabiana, 524 Fair Maids of France, 708 Farfugium, 524 Famhatn Castle, the Keep, garden at, 65, 70 Felicia, 525 Fences and dividing lines, 366 sunk, and retaining walls, 366 Fennel, 526 flower, 644 Giant, 525 Fenzlia, 525 Ferdinanda, 525 Fern, Bladder, 479 Climbing, 617 garden, the hardy, 274 Lady, 412 Maidenhair, 381 Ostrich, 778 "Royal J 657 Sensitive, 651 Shield, 410 Stone, 444 tree, Silver, 475 Fernery at Broojnjield^ Caterkain, a hardy, 278 Ferns and flower border, 280 evergreen hardy, 279 exotic evergreen, 279 ; hardy, 282 group of, 282 in foreground, effect of native^ 275 Ferns, native, massed by shady -walk, 2^7 rock and sun-loving, zSi tree^ and stove plants, zz6 Ferraria, 525 Ferula, 525 Festuca, 525 Feverfew, 703 Alpine, 593 Ficaria, 526 Ficus, 526 Fig, Marigold, 626 Prickly, 653 Figwort, Cape, 676 .FUlingham Castle, Lin- coln, flower border at, 79 Fire as a cleanser, 350 Bush, 508 Flag, 571 Sweet, 380 Flame-flower, 583 Flax, 607 New Zealand, 676 Fleabane, 514 Floss-flower, 383 Flower garden, an amateur on plants in tubs far the, 221 ; and pleasure- ground houses, 363 ; at Madres^eld Court, 212 ; Shrubland Park, plan of 321 ; Beauty of form in the, 226 ; colour in the, 283 ; edgings, live and dead, 338 ; in Autumn, 239; the house, 355 ; Winter, 246 ; of Surrey Villa, plan of, 322 ; plans, simpler, 310 ; Rose to come back to the, 184 ; rotation in the, ^49 ; soils and cul- tivation in the, 345 ; tea roses for the, 725 gardens, stone walks in small, 335 Flowers beneath trees, 164 white, 285 Foam-flower, the, 787 Foeniculum, 526 Foliage, coloured, 208 Forget-me-not, 632 Antarctic, 632 Creeping, 651 Fairy ,^ 515 Forsythia, 526 Fota, CO. Fuchsia, 530 Californian, 822 Fumaria, 531 Fumitpry, 466, 531 climbing, 381 Funkia, 531 Sieboldi, 532 Furze, 797 Broom and, 177 Needle, 538 G Gagea, 533 Gaillardia, 533, 534 Galactites, 534 Galanthus, 534 Galatella, 536 Galax, 536 Galega, 536 Galingale, 478 Galtonia, 564 Ganymede's Cup, 641 Garden and grounds at Havjley, plans of, 318 at Bitton, plan of 320 ; GoldeT^s Hill, plan of 313 ; Selbome, Gilbert Whitens, 38 ; Uffington, plan of 314 ; Venice, pergola in Mrs. Eden's, 135 Garden, Bishops, entrance Cottage and near Char- ing, Kent, 3^ at Maltmgley, near Winchjield, 29 Devonshire, a, 7 in Kent, a, 31 ivith protectingfence, 301 Design, art in relation to flower gardening and, 3 Fern, the hardy, 274 Flower, an amateur on plants in tubs for the, 221 and pleasure ground houses, 363 at Madfesfield Court, 212 ; Shrubland Park, plan of s^i Beauty of form in the, 226 colour in the, 283 edgings, live and dead, • 33f 111 Autumn, 239 ; the house, 355 ; Winter, 246 of Surrey villa, plan of, 322 plans, simpler, 310 Garden, flower, Rose to come back to the, 184 ; rotation in the, 349 ; soils and cultivation in the, 345 ; tea roses for the, 725 fruit at Dunrobin, flower border in, 85 ; or kitchen flower bor- der in the, 81 keep, atFamhani Castle, 70 lawn, at Pendell Court, 36 of Tudor House, plan of. Primrose, in Surrty, 94, 95 Rectory, Eversley, 64 reserve, 324 ; Christmas, roses in bedin, 93 ; plan of 323 ; plants for the, and for cutting flowers, 96 ; what to grow in the, 92 Rhododendron, at Bid- ston, Cheshire, 175 rock, «,i3g, 273 ; Alpine Hairbell in, 434 ; at Batsford, in the, 150 ; Coneyhurst, steps in, 146 ; passage in, 143 ; position for the, 142 ; right way, 144 ; steps from deep recess of, 144; wrong way offoryning, J 44 room, «, 365 rose, climbing and bush tea roses in, 1 89 ; Surrey, igo ; my, 191 ; the, 187 ; new, i8r roses for the, 721 ; syn- onyms of, 736 seat, simpleform of 367 summer, beautiful, the, i8t, 198, 204, 214 Tulip, at the Castle Dingwall, 103 wall, a, xsz Water, enemies, 265 ; upper pat-t of my, 255 wild. Narcissi in the, 157 some plants for the, 165 the, iss Gardening, carpet, at Chi- cago, last expression of, 5 Gardening, flower, architec- ture and, 18 Gardens abroad and their lessons, English, 69 cost and care of stone- work in, 20 Cottage, English, 30 flower, stone walks in small, 335 ; various, 26 of one flower, 94 reserve and cut flower, gi rock and wall, Alpine flower, 139 ill-formed, 146 spring, 166 wall, 151 water, by various water- gardeners, 254 Garlandflower, 483, 484 Garlic, 385 Garrya, 537 elliptica, 537 Gaultheria, 537 Gaura, 537 Gazania, 538 Gazeebo, Vine growing on _ a, 814 Geissorrhiza, 538 Genista, 538 Gentian, 539 Gentiana, 539 affnis, 539 on level ground, 148 verna, 540 Gentianella, 539 Geranium, 540 Gerbera, 541 Germander, 784 Geum, 541 Gilia, 541 Gillenia, 541 Gladiolus, 542 hybrid, a, 544 The Bride, 543 Gladwin, 574 GlanAlynN. Illustrations in Italics, Grass, Love, 511 Lyme, 508, 509 Millet, 627 of Parnassus, 664 Pampas, 546 in a Sussex garden^ 229 Quaking, 424 Ribbon, 502 Sweet Vernal, 399 walks, borders by, 80 Whitlow, 504 Worm, 771 Gravetye Manor, hardy American Water Lily, at, 6^y ; upper part of ivater garden at, 255 ; white Foxglove at, 113 ; Winter Siueet at, 251 Greenlands, 34 Grevillea, 545 Gromwell, 608 Groundsel, 764 Grove, the Wisha-w Borders at, 90 Gum, Seseli, 765 Gurinera, 545 and Bamboo, Fota, Cork, 235 manicaia at Narrow Water Park, 546 scabra, 545 Gunnersbury House, Cedars at, 293 ; The Yulan at, 173 Gymnadenia, 546 Gynerium, 546 Gypsophila, 547 Habenaria, 547 Haberlea, 547 Hablitzia, 547 Habranthus, 548 H addon Hall, 15 Hairbell, 434 alpine, in rock garden, 434 tufted, 816 Halesia, 54 8 Halimondendron, 548 Hall Green, border of Del- phiniums at, 88 Hamamelis, 548 Harmony rather than con- trast, 284 Hawk's-beard, 468 Hawkweed, 560 Haivley, plans of garden and grounds, 318 Hart's-tongue, 759 Hazel calkins, 253 Heart's-ease, 809 Heath, 513 and moss walks, grass, ^336 False, 524 Prickly, 671 Sea, 528 St. Dabeocs, 480, 626 Heath, Yew, Ivy, .and various edgings, 341 Heather, 514 Hedera, 548 Hedges, 290 Rose, 736 Hedychium, 549 Hedysarum, 549 Heimia, 550 Helianthemum, 550 Helianthus, 550 Helichrysum, 553 Heliophila, 553 Heliopsis, 553 Heliotrope, 554 Winter, the, 671 Heliotropium, 553 Helipterum, 554 Hellebore, white, 799 Helleborus, 554 Helonias, 556 Hemerocallis, 556 /lava, 557 fulva, 558 Hemiphragma, 558 Hemlock Spruce, iveeping, 333 Hemp-plant, 438, 439 Hepatica, Great, 394 Heracleum, 558 HerbParis, G64 Herniaria, 558 Hesperaloe, 558 Hesperis, 558 Hesperochiron, 559' Heuchera; 559 Hibiscus, 559 Trionum, 560 Hieraciumj 560 , Hippocrepis, 561 Hippophas, 561 Hippuris, 561 Holboellia, 561 Holcus, s6i Holly, "568 ; Sea, 516; Amethyst, the, 517 ; Common, 518 Hollyhock, 387 Fungus, thcj 389 Honesty, seed vessels of , 6i\ Honeysuckle, 309, 6iij 613 Bush, 817 French, 549 Swamp, 413 Honey wort, 443 Hop, 562 plant, 654 Hordeum, 561 Horminum, 561 Horse-tail, Giant, 510 Hoteia, 561 Hottonia, 561 Houseleek, 763 Houstonia, 561 ccerulea, 561 Houttuynia, 562 Humea, 562 Humulus, 562 Hunnemannia, 562 Huntsman's-horn, 745 Hutchinsia, 562 Hyacinth, 562 Californian, 424 Cape, 537 Grape, 631 Star, 757 Wood, 758 Hyacinths, 563 Hyacinthus, 420, 562 amethystinus, 564 Hydrangea, 564 Climbing, 757 plumed, the, 565 Hydrocharis 566 Hypericum, 566 Hypolepis, 567 Iberis, 567 gibraltarica, 568 jucunda, 567 Ilexj 568 lUicium, 569 Immortelle, 554 Impatiens, 569 Incarvillea, 569 Indiarubber-plant, 526 Indian corn, 822 Shot, 437 Indigo, Bastard, 392 False, 419 Indigofera, 570 Inula, 570 glandulosa, 570 lonopsidium, 570 Ipomsea, 462, 570, 672 Ipomopsis, 571 Iresine, 571 Iris, ICO asiatica, 572 _ Carnation, Lily and the nobler summer flowers, 198 cristata, 573 English, 91, 580 foetidissima, 574 iberica, 575 ochroleuca, 576 pallida, 579 paradoxa, 577 Peacock, Blue-eyed, 805 persica, 578 reticulata, 578 Spanish, 581 susiana, 579 Xiphium, 581 Ironweed, 801 Isopyrum, 580 Isotoma, 580 Ivy edging, 341 German, 627 Ground, 544 pyramid of large'leaved,. 829 Lily of the field, 777 ; Nile, 718 ; Valley^ 462 ; twin- leaved, 621 Peruvian^ 386 Plantain^ 233, 531, 532 Rockwood, 709 Scarboro, 798 St. Bruno's, 399 Sword, 542 Torch, 583 Tree, 618 Water, 045 ; hud of ky- ■■ brid^ 648 ; hardy A- ftterican, 647 ; yellow, 645 ; Woody whiie, 789 Tjimnanthemum, 605 Limnanthes, 605 Limnocharis, 605 Linaria, 606 antirrhini/olia, 606 Lindelophia, 607 Linnaea, 607 Lion's-leaf, 592 tail, 592, 593 Linosyris, 607 Linum, 607 Lippia, 608 Liriodendron, 608 Lithospermum, 608 prostratum., 608 Living supports,. 369 Lloydia, 608 Loasa, 608 Lobelia, 608 scarlet, the, 6og Loggia, Dropvtore^ Loiseleuria, 611 Lomaria, 422, 611 London Pride, 753 Longleat, 19 Torch Lilies, 239 Lonicera, 611 Periclymenum, 613 Loosestrife, 617 Lophospermum, 614 Loquat, 515 Lotus, 614 Love-lies-bleeding, 319 Lunaria, 614 biennis, 614 Lungwort, 703 Lupine, 614 Lupinus, 614 arboreus, 616 polypkylhts, 615 Luziuiaga, 615 Lychnis, 615 Lycium, 616 Lycopodium, 617 Lygodium, 617 Lyonia, 617 Lysimachia, 617 Ly thrum, 617 M Macleaya, 618 Madaria, 618 Madresjield Courts flower garden at, '2.\'2 Madwort, 389 Magnolia, 618 conspicua, 173 in a Japanese garden^ 619 obovata var., 622 Rhododendron and, 177 stellata^ 621 Mahonia, 62 x MManthemum, 621 Maiden-hair tree, 742 Maiden's Wreath, 527 Malcomia, 621 Mallow, 622 Poppy, 428 Rose, 559 Tree, 591 Venice, 560 White Jews, 715 Malope, 622 Malva, 622 Manetti stock, the, 188 Manure, roses and, 190 Maple, Japanese, 379 Mare's-tail, 561 Marp;uerite, 448 Marigold, 780 Cape, 502 Corn, 451 Fig, 626 Marsh, 432 Pot, 428 Martynia, 623 Marvel of Peru, 629 Mask-flower, 385 Mass, breadth of, and inter- grouping, 285 Master-wort, 412 Matricaria, 623 Matthiola, 623 Maurandia, 624 May Apple, Himalayan, 679 flower, 510 weed, 623 Maze, plan of, 303 Mazus, 624 ■ Meadow Beauty, 710 Rue, 784 Saffron, a, 245, 460 Sweet, 772. Sweets, shrubby, 773 Meconopsis, 624 Wallichi, 625 Medlar, 627 Megasea, 625, 754 Melianthus, '625 Melissa, 625 Melittis, 625 > Menispermum, 625 Mentha, 626 Mentzelia, 419, 626 Menyanthes, 626 Menziesia, 626 Merendera, 627 Mertensia, 627 virginica, 627 Mesembryanthemum, 627 Mespilus, 628 Meum, 628 Michauxia, 628 camPanuloides, 628 Microlepia, 628 Mignonette, 710 Vine, 618 Mikania, 628 Milfoil, 793 Milium, 628 Milkweed, 409 Milkwort, 680 Milla, 628 Mimulus, 6z8 Mint, 626 Cat, 643 Mirabilis, 629 Mitchella, 629 Mitraria, 629 Mitre-flower, 629 Mocassin-flower, 478 Molopospermum, 629 cicutarium, 629 Moluccella, 630 Monarda, 629 Moneywort, 766 Monkey-flower, 627 puzzle, 404 MoTtkshood, 37^, 380 Moonseed, Canadian, 62s Morina, 630 Morisia, 630 Morning Glory, 570 Mosaiculture, 8 Moss heath and grass walks, 366 Iridescent, 756 Mother-of-Thousands, 753 Mount Usher, Wicklow, old mill house garden at, 34 Mountain Avens, 505 Mud edging, example of ugly cracked, 344 Munlenbeckia, 630 Mulching with life, 351 Mulgedium, 630 Mullein, 799 Cretan, the, 443 group of, \S7 Rosette, 707 Musa, 630 Ensete, 63 r Muscari, 423, 631 Mutisia, 632 Myosotidium, 632 Myosotis, 632 alpestris, 633 Myrica,_46z, 633 Myricaria, 633 Myrrhis, 634 odorata, 634 Myrtle, 225, 634 Sand, 592 Myrtus, 634 N Narcissi in the wild garden, 157 Narcissus, 97, 634 biflorus, 637 calathinus, 636 Emperor, 640 Horsfieldi, 63s Italian, bed of , 107 poets, in the grass, 155 princeps, 100 Sir Walkin, 638 Snowdrop, 641 Warley Place, 159 Narrow uuater Park, Gun- nera ynanicata at, 546 Narthecium, 642 Nasturtium, 790 Navelwort, 651 wall, -468 Neillia, 642 Neja, 642 Nelumbium, 643 Nemesia, 643 Nemophila, 643 Nepeta, 643 Nephrodium, 643 Nertera, 643 Nettle, dead, 587 Nicandra, 644 Nicotiana, 644 Nierembergia, 644 rivularis, 644 Nigella, 644 damascena, 645 Nine Bark, 642 Nolana, 6^4 Notospartium, 645 Carmichaelim, 646 Nuphar, 645 Nut, Bladder, 777 Ground, 400 Nutmeg, flowering, 594 Nuttallia, 645 Nycterinia, 645 Nymphaea, 645 Marliacea camea, 648 tuberosa, 647 Oak, 706 Lodge Kensington Wych Elm^ at, 326 CEnothera, 649 Latiiarckiana, 651 marginata, 650 Offington House, Worthing, laiun at, 63 Oil Jars, Italian, plants in, 221 Old Park, Axjninster, the S8 Place, Lindfield, 21 Oleajria, 524, 650 Haasii, 652 Oleaster, 507 Omphalodes, 651 Luciliee, 651 Onion, 385 Onoclea 651 Ononis, 652 Onopordon, 653 Onosma, 653 ' taurica, 653 Onychium, 653 Ophioglossum, 653 Ophiopogon, 653 Ophrys, 653 Opuntia, 653 Orange Ball tree, 425 flower, Mexican, 359, 448, 449 Mock, 672 trees in tubs, 216, 2x9 Orangeries, cultivation of plants in, 218 Orchard beauty 178 bloom, 169 Orchis, 654 ■ foliosa, 655 Rein, 547 Oreocome, 654 Oreodaphne, 654 Origanum, 654 Ornithogalum, 654 Ornus, 654 Orobus, 655 vemus, 656 Orontium, 656, Osmanthus, 656 Osmunda, 657 Osoberry, 645 Ostrowskya, 657 m-agnifica, 657 Othonna, 657 Ourisia, 657 Oxalis, 658 Aceiosella, 658 Ox-eye, 381 Oxytropis, 658 Oxyura, 659 Ozothamnus, 659 rosmarinifolius, 659 Pachyphyton, 659 Pfflderota, 659 Pseonia, 659 Peeonies in Munstead glass, 357 Pseony, 659 Pagoda trees, 770 Palafoxia, 661 Palava, 661 Palm, Chusan, the, 445 CIub,463 hardy, in the open air, 227 Pancratium, 661 Panicum, 506, 661 Pansies, tufted, 355 Pansy, Horned, 806 in basket, 180 ; dry brick •wall, 152 tufted, a, 811 Papaver, 662 somnifera, 663 Faradisia, 663 Pardanthus, 663 Paris, 664 Farnassia, 664 palustris, 664 830 THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. dor House, 317 ; Maze, Indian, 624 mas rose in bed in, 93 ;, S88 303 ; reserve garden, Mallow, 428 plan of, 323 ; plants for Glory, 460 323 ; flower garden of Plume, 422 th^ and for cutting Shamrock, 664 Surrey Villa, 322 Prickly, 406 flowers, 96; what to- Sweet, 539 Plans of garden and Shrubby, 490 White Bush, 721 grow in the, 92 Peach, 698 grounds at Haivley, Rest Harrow, 652 Peacock, the, 298 318 Portulaca, 683 Retinospora, 710 Pear, 705 simpler flower garden, grandiflora, 685 Rhaponticum, 710 Pearlwcrt, 742 310 Position, design and, 11 Rheum, 710 Peas, Sweet, no Plantain Lily, 233, 531, Potato tree, 769 Rhexia, 710 Pelargonium, 665 532 Potentilla, 684 Rhianva, Anglesey, 35 Dr. Andre, 666 Rattlesnake, 545 Pots, Seakale, half hardy 40 Pretty Polly, 667 Plants, Alpine, and rock. plants in, 2z-z Rhmopetalum, 710 Pellaa, 668 167 ; for British gar- Powis Castle, Welshpool, Rfaodanthe, 711 Peltandra, 668 dens, 154 49) 52 Rhodochiton, 7ir Pendell Court, 35 annual and biennial, ito ; Pratia, 685 Rhododendron, 711 Pennisetum, 668 some important families angulata, 686 garden at Bidston, Che- Penskurst Place, Kejtt, 45, of, 117 Primrose, 685 shire, 17s 46 bedded out, 286 Alpine, an, 694 nobleanum, 711 Pentstemon, 668 biennial, ti6 Bird's-eye, 689 tree, at Castlewellan, co^ Pepino, 674 evergreen, 249 Evening, 649 Down, 713 Pepper, Wall, 761 for reserve garden and Munstead early white. Rhodora, 715 Pergola, in Mrs. Eden's for cutting flowere, 06 half-hardy, in Seakale 696 Rhodotypos, 715 garden at Venice, 135 garden in Surrey^ 95 Rhubarb, 710 roses mter, 194 pots, 222; treated as Primroses, bunch, 697 Prickly, 545 wooden, with Clematis annuals, 115 Primula, 685 Rhus, 715 and other hardy climh' hardy or half-hardy in capitata, 688 Cotinus, 716 ers,z3s British gardens, 245 ; farinosa, 689 Ribes, 717 Penlla, 671 with fine foliage or nivalis, 690 Richardia, 428, 718 Periploca, 671 form, 238 rosea, 601 Ricinus, 7Z8 Pemettya, 671 in Italian oil-jars, 221 ; Sieboldz, 602 Princess-feather, 390 Robinia, 719 Petasites, 671 Orangeries, cultivation Rock and Alpine plants, 167- Jragrans, 671 of, 218 ; Tubs for the Prophet-flower, 407 Beautj', 672 Petn^lis, 672 flower-garden, an ama- Prunella, 698 Cress, 403 ; purple, 413 Pyrenaica, 672 teur on, 221 ; Vases and Pnmus, 6g8 cresses and Wallflowers,. Petunia, 672 tubs in the open air, Deofidiana, 699 167 Phacelia, 524, 672 214 Japonica, 701 gardena, Z3,g,2jy, Alpine^ Phalangium, 672 placed out for summer, Ptarmica, 702 Havibell in, 434 ; at Pharbitis, 672 group of house, 231 Pteris, 702 Batsford, in the, 150 ;. Phaseolus, 672 riverside^ in front of Pterocephalus, 702 Conevhurst, steps in^ Pheasant's-eye, 3B1 Levens, 259 silvery-leay&d, 286 Pamassi, 702 146; passage in, 143; Philadelphus, 672 Pterostyrax, 703 position for the, 142 ; grandiflorus, 673 some climbing twining and Puccima, 389 right way, 144 ; steps Philesia.. 674 and wall, 138 Pueraria, 703 from deep recess of. Phleum, 674 stove, tree ferns and, 226 Pulmonaria, 703 144 ; wrong way of Phlomis, 674 Plants, succulent and Punica, 703 forming, 144 Phlox, 674 coloured-leaved, 209 Vase, at Tun/ey Abbey, Purslane, 683 misplaced artificial, 149 Phormium, 676 Rockj 426 plants for British gardens^ Phragmites, 676 215 Puschkmia, 703 Alpine and, 154 Phygelius, 676 water, 256 scilloides, 703 rose, 452 Phyllostachys, 418, 677 waterside, 256 ; natural Pyrethnmi, 703 "Rockeries," refuse brick, Phy^, 677 grouping of, 261 ; water Pyrola, 704 149 Alkekenp.^ 677 Lilies and for the Pyrus, 706 Rocket, 558 Physostegia, 677 house, 361 in a Vase, 118 double white, 559 Phyteuma, 677 Plashed Alleys, 136 Pyxidanthera, 706 Rockfoil, 746 comosum, 678 Platycodon, 435, 678 great Alpine, the, 748 hybrids, great, 753 Phytolacca, 677 Platyloma, 679 Picotee, Redbraes, 497 Platystemon, 679 califomicus, 679 Pltun, 6gB Q Irish, the, 754 Pieris,393 Pilewort, 526 Quamash, 433 Rockfoils, group of silvery, 75^ Pimpernel, 392 Pine Barren Beauty, 706 Plumbago, 679 Quamoclit, 706 Rockspray, 467 Poa, 679 Queen of the Prairie, 772 Rodgersia, 720 Ground, 617 Pinguicula, 678 Podolepis, 679 Podophyllum, 679 Quercus, 706 Quince, 477 podophylla, 718 ; flowers of, 720 Pink, 492 Polemonium, 680 Rohdea, 720 Alpine, 493 Polianthes, 680 Romanzowia, 720 Cushion, 766 Polyanthus, 641 R Romneya, 721 edging, -white, 343 Polygala 680 Coulteri, 719 Fire, 767 Glacier, 499 Polygon atum, 6S0 Ragged Robin, double, 617 Romulea, 788, 721 multiflorutn, 681 Ramondia, 707 Rosa, 721 Lily, 400 Polygonum, 682 pyrenaica, 707 spinosissima, 739 Moss, 676 sackalinense, 683 Rampion, 677 Rose, 721 Sea, 406 vaccinifolium, 684 Ranunculus, 707 Anna Olivier, buds of Pinks, dwarf, single, and Polymnia, 682 aconitifoliusfl.-pL, 708 728 double, goo garden or border, 49 Pipsissewa, 447 Polypodium, 683 and Anemone, 105 beds and alpine flowers. Polypody, 683 Polyiwgon, 683 Raspberry, Nootka Sound, tlte, 741 193 ; preparation of the,, 193 Illustrations in Italics. INDEX. 831 Rose, Celeste, 725 Christinas, 554, 555 Ciimbinx, 197 ; and busk tea roses in rose garden, i8g; cluster at Belmont^ 185 ; on Cottage porch, i8x for the garden, 721 garden, my, igi; synonyms of, 736; the,i87; new, 181 Gloire Lyonnaise, 732 Guelder, 804 Harrisoni, 735 hedges, 736 m a Japanese bronze basin, 356 Mallow, 559 of Sharon, 560 Rock, 452 standard, the, i86 Sun, 550 tea, Marie Van Houtte, 183 The Bride, 730 to come back to the flower garden, 184 tree, 711 Triomphe de Rejines, 722 Rosemary, 740 Roses, Alba, 735 and Manure, 190 as climbers, 131 Bourbon, 735 Carnations and, injront 0/ Tudor house, 201 climbing, 195, 731 ; over- pruning, 195 evergreen, 735 hybrid perpetual, 729 iJenten in February, 358 Moss, 733 Noisette, 734 ffver pergola, 194 Scotch, 733 summer, on Cottage-ivall, 192 tea, climbing, 726 ; for the flower garden, 725 ; hybrid, 731 wild and single, 197, 737 Rosin-plant, 767 Rosmarinus, 740 Rotation, 345 in the flower garden, 349 Rubus, 740 deliciosus, 740 nutkanus, 741 Rudbeckia, 506, 741 Rue, 741 Rumex, 741 Ruscus, 741 Rush, 582, 771 Ruta, 742 S Sabbatia, 742 Saccharum, 742 Sage, 743 Jerusalem, 742 Sagina, 742 Sagittaria, 742 Salisburia, 742 Salt- tree, 548 Salix, 742 Salpiglossis, 743 sinuata, 743 Salvia, 743 patens, 744 Sambucus, 744 Samolus, 744 Sandwort, 405 Santolina, 744 Sanvitalia, 745 Saponaria, 745 Sarana, ;745 Sarracenia, 74s Satin-flower, 768 crimson, 424 Satyrium, 745 Saussurea, 746 Savin, the, 304, 582 Saw-wort, 746 Saxifraga, 625, 746 longi/blia, 750 Pyramidalis, 748 sarmentosa, 753 Wallacei, 752 Saxifrage, 746 Scabiosa, 583, 755 Scabious, 755 Sheep's, 582 Schistostega, 756 Schivereckia, 756 Schizandra, 756 Schizanthus, 756 Schizocodon, 756 Schizope talon, 756 Schizophragma, 757 Schizostylis, 757 Scilla, 757 hispanica, 758 nutans, 759 Scirpus, 759 Scolopendrium, 759 Scorpion Senna, 466 Scutellaria, 760 Scyphanthus, 760 Seakale pots, half-hardy plants in, 222 Seat, garden, simple fomi of 2^7 log, 7'resserve, 368 stone, old, 363 Seats, 367 Sedge, 438 Sedum, 760 kamischaticum, 763 sPeciabile, 761 Sefaginella, 763 Selbome, Gilbert Whitens garden at, 38 Self-heal, large, 698 Selivood Cottage, near FromCj 44 Sempervivum, 763 Senecio, 452 Serapias, 765 Seseli, 765 Shade, Air and, 325 planting in light and, 330 spring flowers in sun and, 179 Shady nook, for a, 262 Sheen Cottage, 39 Sheffieldia, 765 Shelter, 290, 354 and wind screens, 352 Shortia, 765 Shrubberies, flower borders fringing, 78 Shrubland Park, 51 ; plan oyjlower garden at, 321 Shrubs and Trees, ever- green, 304 ; ugly, 295 ; flowering, 118 ; hardy, some flowering, 126 ; in the winter garden, 250 ; springiflowermg, 176, 180 ; evergreen, clipped, 302 ; the nobler flowering, 226 ; fragile climbers on, 130 ; hardy bulbs among choice, 107 Sibbaldia, 766 Sibthorpia,,766 europcea variegata, 766 Sida, 766 Sidbury' Manor, Jiower border against "wall at, 81 Silene, 766 Silkweed, 409 Silphium, 767 Silver Berry, 507 Bracts, 659 tree, Missouri, 507 Silybum, 768 Sis^rincbium, 768 Skimmia, 768 fragrans, 768 Skullcap, 760 Slipper flower, 427 Smilacina, 769 Smilax, 769 Snake-plant, 408 Snakeroot, 594 Snake's- beard, 653 head, 529, 579 Snapdragon, 399 Sneeze-weed, 550 Snowball-tree, 804 Snowberry, 779 Snowdrop, 534 tree, 548 Snowdrops in grass, 161 naturalised, 162 Snowflake, 593 Snowy Mespilus, 391 Soapwort, 745 Soil and cultivation, 206 Soils, local and natural, 346 Solanum, 769 Soldanella, 769 Solidago, 770 Solomons Seal, 165, 680, 681 Sophora, 507, 770 Sorghum, 770 Sowbread, 475 Sparaxis, 770 pulcherrima, 771 Sparganium, 771 Spartium, 771 Spatlum, 594 Specularia, 771 Speedwell, 801 Shrubby, 802 Sphenogyne, 771 Spiderwort, 461 Mountain, 608 Virginian, 788 Spigelia, 771 Spindle-tree, 5^2 Spiraea, 772 arice/dlia, 773 Arujtcus, T]i Belmont, Carlow, 126 Bumalda, 775 japonica, A JVaterer, 774 Lindleyana, 776 Spleenwort, 410 Spraguea, 776 Spring and summer flowers, some, ,180 Spurge, 524 Squill, striped, 703 St. 36^ Struthiopteris, 778 Stuartia, 779 Stud-flower, 556 Style right, no one, 22 Stylidium, 779 Stylophorum, 779 Styrax, 779 Sumach, 715 Venetian r6 Summer bedding, 204 some spring and, 180 garden, beautiful, 181^ 198, 204, 214 house, a thatched, 370 % the, 365 Sundew, 505 Sundrops, 649 Sunflower, 550 Double Perennial, 551 Sunflowers in vases, 552 Sunny places, in, 286 Sutton Place, 23 Siveet Brier, j^g Cicely, 634 Gale, 633 Mountain, 440 Pepper bush, 460 Sultan, 391, 442, 444 William, 492 Violet, 807 Swertia, 779 Symphoncarpus, 779 Symphyandra, 779 Symphytum, 780 Symplocarpus, 780 Syringa, 780 Tagetes, 780 ' Tamarisk, German, 633 Tamarix, 780 Tamus, 781 Tanacetum, 781 Tansy, 781 Tarweed, 444 Tassel-tree, 377 Taxus, 781 Tchihatchewia, 783 isaiidea, 783 Tea, Labrador, 591 New Jersey, 440 Teasel, 503 Tecoma, 784 Tecophylgea, 784 Telekia, 784 Tellima, 784 Teucrium, 784 Thalia, 784 Thalictrum, 397, 784 aquilegi folium, 785 Thermopsis, 785 Theropogon, 785 Thistle, Blessed, 438 Blue, 630 Fishbone, 444 Globe, 506 Milk, 768 Thladiantha, 785 Thlapsi, 786 Thorn, 468 Box, 616 Thoroughwort, 52 * ■832 THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. Illustrations in Italics. Thrift, 406 Prickly, 378 Tufted, the, 407 Throaiwort, Blue, 220, 788 TkrumpingtonHall,Derby- shire .f 17 Thuja, 786 Thunbergi, 786 'Thyme, 786 Thymophylla, 786 Thymus, 786 Tiarella, 787 cordijblia, 786 Tickseed, 464 Tiger-flower, 787 Tigridia, 787 pavonia alba vtaculata, Tile-root, 538 Toad-flax, 606 Tobacco, 644 Toothwort, 491 Topiary work, 200 example of old, 302 Toiley Hall, nearShejffield, „ 65, 73 Trachehum, 788 cceruleum, 220 'Tradescantia, 788 Trapa, 788 "Treasure-flower, 538 Tree bridge over streamlet, 364 Chaste, 812 Fringe, 447 Judas, 443 ; flowers of, 445 Lawn, type of -weeping native, 329 Lily, 618 Mallow, 5go of Heaven, 384 Orange Ball, 425 Pagoda, 770 Potato, 769 Silver, Missouri, 507 Snowball, 804 Snowdrop, 548 Spindle, 522 Strawberry, 404, 463 Tassel, 377 •weeping evergreen, 333 "Trees and Shrubs, ever- green, 304 ; ugly, 295 ; flowering, 118 ; hardy some flowering, 126 ; in the winter garden, 250 ; spring flowering, 176, 180 evergreen, in natural forms, 293 ; the nobler, 297 Orange in tubs, 216, 219 supporting climbers, 128 vigorous climbers on, 134 Trefoil. 789 Bird s-foot, 614 Tick, 491 'Trichonema, 788 Tricuspidaria, 788 hexapetala, 788 Tricyrtis, 788 Trientalis, 788 Trifolium, 789 Trillium, 789 granaijlorum 89 Triteleia, 789 Tritoma, 789 Tritonia, 789 Trollius, 790 'Tropaeolum, 790 Tropeeolnm, polyphyllus, 792 speciosuni, 793 Trumpet flower, u, 131, 422 Tuberose, 680 Tubs in the open, plants in vases and, 214 Orange trees in, 216, 219 plants in, for the flower garden, 221 Tulip, 793 garden at the Castle, Dingwall, 103 tree, 608 Tulipa, 793 Tulips, loi old garden, 794 Tunica, 796 Saxifraga, yg6 Turf bulbs in beds on, 108 Turkey's-beard, 819 Turtle-head, 447 Turvey Abbey, vase plants at, 215 Tussilago, 796 Farfara variegata, 797 Twin-flower, 607 Scarlet, 424 leaf, 582 Typha, 797 U Uffingion Stamford, plan of a garden at, 314 Uhdea, 797 Ulex, 797 Umbilicus, 798 Umbrella-leaf, 502 Uniola, 798 Urospermum, 798 Uvularia, 798 Vaccinium, 798 Valerian, 798 Greek, 680 Red, 443 Valeriana, 798 Vallota, 798 Vancouveria, 799 Vase plants at Turvey Abbey, 215 Vases, 210 and tubs in the open air, plants in, 2T4 Sunflowers in, 552 Venidium, 790 Venus's Looking-glass, 771 Veratrum, 799 Verbascum, 799 olym,picum, 799 phlomoides, 800 phceniceutn, 801 Verbena, 800 Sand, 377 Sweet, 385 Verbesina, 801 Vernonia, 801 Veronica, 801 pinguifolia, 803 Vervain, Creeping, 822 Vesicaria, 804 Vetch, 805 Bitter, 655 ; Spring, 656 Horse-shoe, 561 Kidney, 399 Milk, 441 Viburnum, 804 plicatum, 804 Vicarage, the, Odiham, climbers on, 129 Vicia, 805 Vieusseuxia, 805 Villarsia, 805 Vinca, 805 major, 805 Vine, 812 claret-coloured, 813 Grape, 816 growing ffver Gazeebo, 814 Mignonette, 618 shaded bower, 373 Silk, 671 Staff, 441 Vines for their beauty of form, 132 Viola, 516, 805 pedata, 808 renifortnis, 809 Violet, 805 Bird' s-foot, 808 Cress, 570 Dog's-tooth, 519 New Holland, 809 Sweet, 807 ' Water, 561 Virgilia, 811 Virginian creeper, 814 Papaw, 409 Poke, 677 Vipes's Bugloss, 507 Viscaria, 8ii Vitex, 812 Vitis, 392, 812 Vittadenia, 816 W Wachendorfia, 816 Wahlenbergia, 507, 816 Waitzia, 817 Waldsteinia, 817 Walking-leaf, 437 ' Walks and edgings, 334 concrete and asphalte, 337 grass, borders by, 80 ; heath moss and, 336 gravel, 335 stone, in small gardens, 335 tar, 337 Wall Garden, a, 153 Wallflower, 445 Alpine, 518 Fairy, 518 Wallflowers and rock-cres- ses, 167 Wand-flower, 771 plant, 536 Warley Place, Narcissus at, 159 Water best, soft, 347 drainage, 345 garden enemies, 265 ; upper part of my, 255 gardens by various water gardeners, 254 Lily, 645 ; bud of hybrid, 648 ; hardy American, 647; yellow, 645 margins of, 261 Plantain, 385 plants, 256 Soldier, 778 Waterside plants, 256 ; for the house, water Lilies and, 361 ; natural grouping of 261 Watsonia, 817 Weed Pickerel, 683 Weeds, 345 and rubbish heaps, 349 evergreen, 295 Weigela, 502, 817 grand0ora, 818 Whitlavia, 818 Whorl -flower, 630 Whortlebury, 798 Wigandia, 818 Wilbrandia, S18 Wild garden. 132 THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. The old Climbers and Garland Roses were almost too vigorous for the garden, and their bloom did not last long enough to justify their getting a place there ; but now, with the great Climbing Tea Roses we have for the southern parts of these islands, we may count on a bloom for months. Hence we have in these Roses, where they thrive the best, the most precious of all ornaments for walls of houses, trellis work, pergolas. In southern parts of the country we even get fine results from these Roses on the north side of walls, where some Roses flower better than on the south side. Also, we can grow them in the open on trellises, or away from walls but in the northern parts of the country, where these great climbing Tea Roses may not thrive so well, walls come in to help us more and more by their shelter and warmth, and the encouragement they give to early bloom. Apart from these great Roses of garden origin, which will long be among the most precious, some Wild Roses are of the highest impor- tance in warm districts and good soils, particularly the Indian R. Brunonis and the Many-flowered Roses (R. polyantha) of Japan ; but in the presence of the need of so much wall space for the Garden Roses these Wild Roses will usually be best in the shrubbery or some place apart, where they may be let alone, and no good can arise from choice, garden ground being given to Roses like R. polyantha which are even more vigorous than our own wild Dog Rose. In Europe perhaps the country that pleases one most by its fitness for Rose culture is that along the shores of the Mediterranean, where the Banksian and other more delicate Roses may be seen up trees, forming hedges, and arranging themselves in other delight- ful ways. I remember being very much struck with the beauty of the single Banksian Rose in such positions, and often wondered why it was not secured for our own gardens, even though it might not grow so freely as there. Vines for their Beauty of Form.— Going back some thousands of years to the earliest sculptured remains of some of the oldest peoples, we see evidence that the Grape Vine was in common use, and it is no doubt much older than the monuments of Assyria! Among the Kabyle villages of North Africa I passed many Vines of great age trailing over very old Olive trees in the little orchard fields. In such countries there was the value of the fruit, but even in ours, where the Grape ripens rarely out of doors, the ' charm of the plant is so great that we see many cottages in Surrey and Norfolk set deep in Vine leaves. The Grape Vine, however, is but one of a large family, and though we may not see in our country its garlands from tree to tree purple with fruit we may see much of its fine forms of leaf The wild Vines are too vigorous for use on walls though excellent for banks and trees and for any place outside the CLIMBERS AND THEIR ARTISTIC USE. 133 flower garden. I have seen them clambering up forest trees, spreading into masses of fine foliage on the ground, and sending out long arms in search of the nearest trees — strong and handsome climbers, hardy, vigorous, and soon covering dry banks, rocks, and trees. To the Vines (Vitis) have now been joined by the botanists Virginian Creepers (Ampelopsis), and between the two groups it need not be said what noble things they offer for garlanding trees, walls, bowers, rocks, and banks. It cannot be said that we neglect these Virginian and Japanese creepers, but the Vines are so far seldom well used with us, although easy of cultivation. Wooden Pergola, with Clematis and other hardy Clinibers. Pergolas. — Though our summer is often not sunny, there are seasons when shaded walks may be enjoyed, and numbers of free- growing climbing plants give an abundant and lovely choice of living drapery for them, Aristolochia, Wistaria, Virginian Creeper, rambling Roses, Honeysuckles, Jasmines and the free Clematises doing well over such. In Italy and warm countries one often sees in gardens the pergola — as the creeper-shaded walk is called — often serving the two- fold purpose of supporting Grape Vines and giving pleasant coolness during the summer heat. As a rule, these pergolas are rude trellis- work structures of wood, sometimes supported by stone posts where. 