None
Quartz, (fused) insulating properties of 256- Radiation, discontinuity of 236 „ Planck's theory of 195- Radioactive elements, table of atomic weights, etc. 260' Badiochromometer - lOT Radiographs 161, 174-176- Radiography - 160" ,, bismuth 163 ,, instantaneous 165- ,, micro- 163- ,, stereoscopic 163 Radiometer, Crookes' 5- Radio-micrography - 163 Radiotherapy, recent advances 173 Radium y rays, therapeutic uses -160, 171 ,, Standard, International and British 88- „ treatment of X-ray bums 167 Ramsay and Collie, gas in glass of X-ray bulb 76- Rappel and Kowalski, sparking potentials - 100' RayJeigh, condenser of induction coil 55- ,, nature of white light 240 Re, nature of X rays - 235- Recoil atoms xv Rectifiers - 70- Rectifying properties of X-ray bulb - 34 „ spark-gap, effect on maximum potential 62' References to Journals - xxii '' Reflection " of cathode rays 49' „ Xrays 211 ,, ,, ,, early attempts 195- ,, ,, y rays 231 Refraction of X rays 194 Regulation of X-ray tubes 78, 184 " Relief " photographs of X rays 167' Retrograde rays 20' Reverse currents {see also inverse currents) 28- " Revolution of the Corpuscle " xvi Rhodium, use as antieathode 40' „ X-ray spectrum 217 Rice and HuU, wave-lengths and absorption coefficients 230' ., „ „ Planck's X-ray relation 245' Richardson, characteristic rays excited by y8 rays 123- Richardson and Rutherford, characteristic y rays - 122, 263^ Richardson, Barnes and Rutherford, absorption curves for Coolidge tube 12S „ „ „ „ break-down voltage of Coolidge tube - 4& INDEX 281 PAQK Richardson, Barnes and Rutherford, intensity of X rays - 90 Bieman, fatigue in production of secondary X rays 150 Roberts, volatilisation of metals - 86 Roberts and Jones, function of condenser of induction coil 56 Roberts-Austen, interdiffusion of metals 6 Rock-salt, atomic distances in 223 „ crystal structure of 219 Roiti, various anticathodes 35 ROntgen, diffraction of X rays - 194 „ discovery „ „ - 24, 249 „ nature ,. „ - 235 ,, penetrometer - 108 „ refraction of X rajrs - 194 ,, various anticathodes - 35 Rontgen Society, radium standards 88 RusseU and Chadwiok, characteristic y rays 122 Rutherford, y rays from /3 rays - 122, 247 „ International Radium Standard - 88 „ theory of the atom 229 „ very hard X rays 46 ,, wave-lengths and absorption coefficients 230 Rutherford and Andrade, reflection of y rays 229, 231 Rutherford and Barnes, energy of X-rays - - 111 Rutherford, Barnes and Richardson, absorption curves for Coohdge tube - 128 „ ^_ „ „ break-down voltage of Coolidge tube - 46 „ „ „ „ intensity of X rays 90 Rutherford and Richardson, characteristic y rays 122, 263 Saljouraud and Noire, scale of X-ray dosage 97 Sachs, St., and Winawer, standardisation of X rays 89 Sadler, absorption of corpuscular rays in gases 149 ,, mass-absorption coefficients - 119 Sadler and Barkla, absorption relation for characteristic radiations 136 „ ,, discovery of characteristic radiations 116 Sagnac and Curie, corpuscular rays 145 Sagnac, nature of X rays 235 Salomonson, current through X-ray bxilb 91 „ influence of dielectric in mercury breaks 69 wave-form of ciurent in primary of induction coil 61 Sanax mercury-break "" Saturation current "" Scattered X rays "112, 220 „ „ distribution oi -114,238 „ „ polarisation of 114 ., ,, scattering-coefficient 113 „ and light, resemblance between 238 Schott, glass specially transparent to X rays 171 Schumann, ultra-vioiet rays - 233 Schuster, nature of white light 240 Schwartz, scale of X-ray dosage -  190 Sealing-wax, insulating properties of - 256 Secondary current wave-form - - 61 ,, winding of induction coil - 57 ,, X rays 112 Seitz, very soft X rays 1 23 Selective absorption - 105 ,, ,, of characteristic radiations 136 „ action of X rays on photographic plates 96 ,, photoelectric effect 124 Selenium, effect of X rays on - 97 Separation distances of atomic planes in crystals 221 Shearer, X-ray ionisation in gases 153 Shearer and Barkla, nature of corpuscular radiation 150 Shielding of anticathode 41 " Shunt " regulation of induction coil 180 Siegbahn, metal X-ray bulb - 47 „ and Friman, X-ray wave-lengths 226, 229 Silica, fused, insulating properties of 256 Silk, protective, for X-ray work - - 168 Simms, Barkla and Philpot, generation of corpuscular radiation 150 Size of X-ray tubes, effect of 31 Snook, high-tension transformer 63 „ hydrogen tube 46 Soddy, " isotopes " - 229 Soddy and Mackenzie, absorption of gases by sputtered metal 78 Sodium-potassium alloy, absorption of gases by 253 Soft X rays 123 Softening of an X-ray bulb - 78 Sommerfeld, spreading-pulse theory of X rays - 243 Space-lattice, definition of 196 ,, dimensions of 223 ,, of alkaU-halogen salts 218 Spark-gap 100, 182 ,, effect on maximum-potential 62 ,, rectifying 70 Sparking at interrupter 160 „ voltages, table of 101 Spectrometer for X rays 212 Spectrum of cathode rays - 15 „ Xrays 224 Speed of X rays - 158 Sprengel pump - - 252 Sputtered metal, absorption of gas by 77 Sputtering of cathode 80 ,, thermal 85 Standard of radioactivity 88 Standardisation of X rays - - - 89 Stark, distribution of X rays from thin anticathodes 50 „ wave-lengths of X rays - 195 ,; quantum theory of X rays - 236 Step-up transformers 63 INDEX 283 PAGE Stereographic projection of Laue diffraction spots - • 208 Stereoscopic radiography 163 Stokes, ether-pulse theory of X rays 236, 239 „ law of fluorescence - - 238 Stoney, Johnstone, use of term " electron " 8 Straubel, osmosis valve - - 78 Striae in discharge tube - 2 Strutt, active nitrogen 77 Stuhlmann, distribution of photo -electrons 146 Sublimation of metals - 85 Sulphur, insulating properties of - 256 Sunie screen - - 166 Sutherland, nature of X rays 235 Swinton, Campbell-, adjustable cathode 74 ,, ,, early radiograph 161 ,, „ fluorescence in glass, fatigue of 12 hardening of discharge tube 76 „ „ historical X-raj' bulb 30 ,, „ shape of beam of cathode rays 34 „ ,, various anticathodes 36 Tantalum, use as anticathode - - 38 Taylor, fluctuation experiments with light - 247 Temperature and X-ray ionisation - 1 54 Terada, fluorescent screen observations of Laue spots 210 Therapeutics, action of X rays in 169 ,, suitable rays for 170 „ vise of corpuscular rays in - 172 ,, ,, „ characteristic ,, ,, 172 Thermal conductivities of metaLs ■ 39 ,, disintegration of anticathode - 85 ,, methods of measuring intensities of X rays 91 Thompson, S. P., various anticathodes - 35 Thomson, J. J., analysis of absorption curves 104 discovery of ionisation by X rays - 25 electric deflection of cathode rays 15 ejm of cathode rays - 14 e/m of positive rays - 21 energy of the X ray • - 133 excitation of X and y rays by a rays 247 fluorescence of walls of discharge tube 2 4th-power absorp ion law for cathode rays 10 gas expelled by cathode-ray bombardment 76 nature of cathode rays 7 negative charge on cathode rays - - 7 nucleated or localised pulse theory of X rays 236, 244 positive rays - 20 scattering law for X rays - - 114 theory of the atom 18 very soft X rays 123 Tiede, cathode-ray furnace 1 1 TOpler, pump - - - 252 „ sparking-voltages 100 Total ionisation in gases - - - 93, 164 284 X RAYS fAQK Transformers, high-tension - - 6S Transmission of cathode rays - 10- Transparency, definition of - 97 ,, of substances to X rays 104 Transparent glass for X-ray tubes 171 Trinkle and Wehnelt, very soft X rays 123- Trowbridge, long-spark voltages 102 Tungsten, use as anticathode - 38, 44- „ „ ,, cathode - - 44- Ultra-Tiolet light, ionisation by - 237 Upright screening-stand - - 186^ Vacua, production of - 251 Valve, Bauer 79' ,, osmosis - 78 tubes 70 Varley, nature o£ cathode rays 6 Vegard, crystal structure of silver 211 „ polarisation of X rays 115 Velocity of cathode rays - - 16, 99 „ „ „ „ and potential, table of 262^ ,, ,, corpuscular rays 146 ,, ,, Wehnelt cathode rays Q' „ X rays 158 VilJard, dosage scale 98 „ gas bubbles in wall of X-ray tube 76 ,, osmosis valve 78 valve tube 70 Villard and Abraham, influence machines - 53 Violet coloration of X-ray bulb 87 Violle, interrupter 66 Volatilisation of anticathode 85 „ „ metals 86 Voltz, selective absorption in photographic plates 96 Walter, attempt to deflect X rays magnetically 25 „ penetrometer 108 Walter and Pohl, diffraction of X rays 194 War radiographs 174, 175 Warburg, thickness required for reflection of cathode rays 49 Wartenhmg, cathode-ray furnace 11 Water-cooled anticathode^ 41 Wave-form of primary and secondary currents in induction coil 61 Wave-lengths of y rays 231 various electromagnetic waves 233 X rays - 102, 223 .. 