None
Vitesse, f., rate, velocity, .speed, rapidity, fleetness, celeritv; h la de, at the rate of ; absohie, absolute velocity; accelcTtc, accelerated velocity; (art.) 9 kilo- meters per hoiu' (artillery marching alone); (r. r.) 300 kilometers per 24"hours; angulaire, angular velocity; d'arriirc, (ball.) striking (arriving) velocity; ascensinnnellc, (ball.) upward component of the velocity; de chemincment, (ball,) horizontal component of the velwity; ati choc, (ball.) striking velocity; de chute, (ball.) velocity of descent; de combustion, (expl.) rate of combustion; critique, critical velocity; di mi , half speed; tpreuvc de , (nav.) speed trial; finale, (ball.) final, terminal, velocity; gagner de , to outstrip; to run away with (as a wagon going downhill); grande , full speed; (r. r.) quick dispatch; grande ■ en arriire (avant), (nav.) full speed astern (ahead); h grande , high speed; d' inflammation, (expl.) rapidity, rate, of inflaram;iti(m; ■ initiate, (ball.) initial velocity, muzzle ve- locity; lancer h toufe , to set (a battery, a locomotive, ship, etc.) at full sjieed; au loch, (nav.) speed by the log; de marche, (mil.) rate of marching; m i , h a 1 f K peed ; moyennc, mean vcloiity; nonnale, normal velocity; (mach.) usual working speed; (art.) 8 kilometers per hour lartillery marching al(me); 1>arabole de la , (6a//. ) the parabola that would l)e dcscril)ed by a proje<tile from a given point if the resistance of the air wore to cease at and from that point; petite , (r. r.) slow dispatch; - du piston, (mach.) speed of the piston; plcine - , (mach.) full s[)ood; '-rapidf, (nrl.) 10 kilumolers per hour (artil- lery luiinliiiig alone); de rhjiinr, norm .1 speed: (mach.) speed best suited to ea -h enijino and peculiar to it; ■ — • rclatitr, relative vcIh ily; r(quixi , (le^ire<i, rei|uire 1, velmty; - — rexixctivc, v. - - n Inlii ( ; rcstauli, (l>all.) reniainiu!,' velcxity; retardie, retar(le<l velixity; de rotation, velocity of rotation; terminate, (tmtt.) terminal ^■elocity; de tir.iort.) rate of fire; toute — , full speed; ii toute , at lull speed; de toute sa - - -, at one's utmost speed; de tranKlation, (mil.) velocity of traruilution; - uni/orme, uniform speed, velcxity. Vilasje, m., glazing, glazing windows, window glass, glass partition. Vitre, m., stained-glass window (in pi. generally). Vitre, f., window glass, pane of glass, window; carreau de, panneau de, window pane. Vitre, p. p., glazed; glass; "trouser; parte e, glass door. Vitre, v. a., to glaze. Vitre, f., glazed; glazier's work, trade. Vitre, f., vilrifability. Vitre, f., vilrifability. Vitre, m., glazier; (in pi., mil. slang) chasseurs ti pied, rifles. Vitrifaction, f., vitrifaction. Vitriflable, a., vitriflable. Vitriflable, a.,  poudre, (expl.) quickness of powder; de recul, (art.) quickness, suddenness, of recoil. vivandler, n., (mil.) sutler, canteen steward. vivandière, f., (mil.) vivandière. vivat, m., cheer, hurrah; crier, pousser des s,saluer parnn, to cheer; to hurrah. vive, v. qui vive. vlves-eaux, f. p.L, spring tide (v. s. v. maree); vive, v. n., to live, subsist; to be maintained, subsisted; sur l'habitant, sur le pays, (mil.) to live on the country. vivre, m., food; (in pi. esp. mil.) provisions, stores, victuals; commissary department; s d' administration, (mil.) stores supplied by the administration as distinguished from de requisition; administration des s, (mil.) commissary de- partment; alter aux s, (mil.) to go and draw rations; bureau des s, victualing office; —- -s de campagne, v. pdits s; ,t de conserve, preserved (canned, tinned) rations; .s-conserKS de viande, iron ration; — — s de deharquement, (mil.) rations available on detraining; itre dans les s, (mil.) lo be in the commissary department; faire des s, to victual; fourgonh s, (mil.) provision wagon; s-pain, (mil.) bread part of the ration; Ijread ration; petits s, (mil.) grweries and dried vegetables; - s de riqui,iilion, (mil.) supplies, etc., got by retpiisition; - s de reserve, (mil.) r&serve supplies; ,v du sac, (mil.) two days' rations carrie<l by the soldier; - X sees, dry provisions (i. e., beans, collee); s-viiinde, (mil.) meat part of ration; meal ration. vlvrier, m., (mil.) coiumi.ssary of provisions. vlzlr, m., vizier. vogue, f., speed of a rowboul (ot)s. ). voguo-avant, m., bow oar. voguer, V. n., (of a boat) to be rowed, pulled; (iKiv.) to sail; to bo under sail; to boar, go; vof/in -nvant! give way! vogueur, m., oarsman (obs.); swimming belt. voie, f., road, way, roadway, trail, track, tnice, l)alh, any line of transportation; conveyance, means of conveyance; load, cartload (as much ;is ina\ lie carried at one iinio, or in a single trip); iraik (distance l)el\veeu wheels); set of a saw, kerf of a saw; (r. r.) track, line, gauge. vole 487 voile I. Railroads; II. Miscellaneous. I. Railroads: vole aecettoire, side track: an.i.e de la, {mil.) method of laying a road (v. fixe, and mobile); de camjtagne, {mil.) field railway; c. changement de, v. s. v. changement; de chargement et de dichargement, side track, siding; chrmin deferh une, etc., v. s. v. chemin; de chemin defer, railroad; de circoTutance, (mil.) temporary road; de cUuiement, (mil.) temporary road; de communication de s, junction of tracks: it crtmailUre, cog track; croisemerU de, crossing; en cul de-MC, side track (for storing spare cars); de debord, v. en cul-de-sac; de depart, starting track; de derivatinn, (mil., etc.) branch road; de.Kendante, down track; d deuz.«, double tracked; diagonak, crossing: double, double track; fi ecartemrnl normal, standard-gauge road; d'embarqvement, \. s. v. chantier (r. r.); etroite, narrow-gauge track; d'evolution, side track, sidiing; defer, ferre. railway, track; ferric portative, (mil.) transportable railway; fie, (mil.) permanent railroad; de formation de train, track for making up the train; de garage, side track, siding; a grande (petite) section, broad (narrow) gauge; de manauvre, shifting track, side track; mobile, (mil.) mobile truck (laid down before and taken up behind the train); montante, ui) track; normale standard-gauge track; permanente, superstructure (of a railway, bridge, etc.); de plus grande (petite) largeur, broad, narrow, gauge; portiur de la, v. s. v. porteur; pose de la, v. s. v. poise; princiixiU, m;un track; de raccord Rent, junction line; riduite, narrow gauge; de service, side track; hune, single-tracked; ample, single track; corner de la, to leave the track, not of the mills; sunpérimé, side track, siding; travé, de la, to leave the track, not of the mills; sunpérimé, single-track. II. Miscollaneons: (i'nccts, apiirmich (in general); d'amortixstiuent, v. s. v. ammtixncmtnt; art U(ilf rune — —d'tnu, tostop a leak temporarily, iu a temporary manner; ar'Jir (tie ms avoir) la , (of vehicles) to have (not tohavo) the regulation track; avoir une d'(nu, to leak (of Ijaits, shijxj); . de bagutttf, (sm, a.) ramrod groove; de boi^, loud of woo<l; rn bo/v, woollen tracli, tramway; bouchcr une d'lau, to stop a leak; (/( charhitn, sack of coul; dccharlnin dt ttrrt, a meter cube of coal; de charrUicn, carriage road, wagon road; curl gauKe; (/r charretie, curt gauge; cliaude, liot trail (animals); jiar et chi )uni, liy any road whatever: I irculairr, (nrl.) racer, traversing cinle; dc coke, a cubic meter and a hali of coke; vole de communication, thoroughfare, road: any road of communication, etc.; any road or path, of whate-er nature; 'par de concourt, by competitive examina- tion; A crhnaillire, (art.) cogged racer, traverse circle; en diblai, rood below level of comitry, simken road; dirivie, (mil.) connecting road (when main commimication ha.s t)een cut); dnnner de la fi une iicie, to set a saw; » de droit, (law) resort to legal methods; d'eau. load of water (as much as a man can carry, two bucketfuls, usually); waterway; (nap.) leak; icorurmique, v. ge'tion directe: d'ecoulement. water cwirse; outlet ; en de, in a fair way for; faire une d'eau, to spring a leak: de fait, act of ^ iolence; s de fait, a.ssault, assault and battery; duel; bad tre^itment; h flanc de coteau, road cut in the side of a hill; fluviale, waterway; fumante, v. chaude; la grande , the highroad; hierarchique, (mil.) regular channels, mili- tary channels; hvmide, (chem.) wet process; laterale, side road, crossroad; de manauvre, (mil.) road parallel to the front ; par de mer, by .sea; mixie, (art.) traverse circle, partly plane, partly toothed: s et moyens, (adm.) ways and means; navigable, na\ igable stream; h niveau, road on a level with the country; ordinaire, (wapon) road; par de, by means of; par la de, via, by way of; de pierre, cart load of stone; de pU'ilre, twelve sacks of plaster; de pont, (pont.) bridge way (distance be- tween side rails); jiubliqvr, pnlilicroad, highway: dc Pari.i, unit of volume, 1.92 cubic meters; de raccord, de raccordement, \. Divide; riglementaire. (mil.) regular channels; de releve, coki trail (animals): en remblai, road above level of country; raised road; — de roue, gauge; track of a wheel; (art.) traverse circle, racer: de rument, (art.) roller track; de temple, waironkwd of sand; d'une, set of a saw; choke, (chem.) dry process (exposure to flame, etc.); — simple, (art.) plane traverse circle; de terre, wagon road; land road, as opposed to railroad; par de terre, by land (as distinguished from seu); en tranchee, v. en diblai; vivr, v. chaude: dei, voiture (s), track, width between walls; voile, r., (nav.) sail: (/i(/.) ship: sail; d. la, under sail: altvra la, to sail; s de I'avant, head sails; Basst, courses; Diminuir la. to shorten sail; D'ftin, drug sail, drift sail; Tire fm de, to be a good sailor; Faire, to set sail; Faire de la, to set more sail; Faire de la, to set more sail; Faire de la, to set more sail; Grande, mainsuil; Sous, under sui. voile, m., veil; pretext; (pAo;.) obscurity, dimness. voile, m., veil; pretext; (nav.) rigged. voilement, m., warping, twisting, getting out of true. voiler, m., to coneoal, hide, disguise; to warp, to become distort, (steel, wood); (phnl.) to obscure, dim; (nav.) to bend on the sails of a ship; une caix, un tambour, to muffle a drum. voiJerle, f., (nav.) sail loft; sailmaking. voiJerle, ra., (nar.) sail malcer; sailing vessel; txiii (mauvais), good (poor) sailer (also mauvais). vollure, f., warping, distorting (of wood, of steel in attacking); (nav.) sails; sailing. voir, V. a., to see; to examine, oversee, attend to, overlook, command, inspect; to frequent; to look out on: (for.), etc.) to dominate; If you prefer to pour forth, to get one's baptism of fire. volunteer, f., commission of public ways; collective funds for all lands and means of communication, whether land or water; sewer, common sewer; garbage, refuse, of tall; grange, commission of public roads, railroads, canals, navigable rivers, etc.; pel He, commission for local roads, unnavigable river rivers, etc.; ruralt, commission of public ways in rural districts; iravit, a., next to, Night, adjacent, bordering on, adjoining, contiguous to; neighborhood. Volsinae, m., neighborhood. Volsinae, m., carriage, wagon transportation. voiture, f., method of transportation; conveyance, transportiilion; carriage, vehicle; fare, load; (arl.) carnage and limber; caisson, any artillery vehicle; (r. r.) car, coach; d'^nimiitintraiion, (mil.) generic term for for- age, ba'.'gage, and battery wagons; d'agrh, (r. r.) tool car; d'amhulancc, (mil.) hospital wagon; ambu- lance (I'. S. A.); d'arrof^i'lC sprinkling cart; d'arlilUrit , (art.) artillery wagon; nutomahUi, motor wagon; • automobile dc plii-tancr, automobile; ii Ing'if/cs, (mil.) l)aggage wagon; a batcnui, (pont.) folding-boat wagon; 1 fi bohin^.i, (mil. /rl.) reel wagon; rn ht'inc, (art.) carriage without the iron- work; a briM, push cart, liaml oart; btilht, (r. r.) InUl'ct car; bun III (mil.) odiic wagon (of the staff); (Fr. a.) telegraph-station wau'on; cagi, iravehng pigeon cote for armies in the field; cnnov, (arl.) gun and limber; dis capuciiis, 'sliaiik's mure"; — cilhiMin, prison van; — dc cliiraui, string of horses (for sale, etc.); — (/( cnnJinicrc, (mil.) canteen wagon; — — ('/ C'lr/ouclti.'', {mil.) small-arm ammunition wagon; - diK cordtliirs, v. dr.t capucins: a II rlinuiuT, un n-horse carriage; ■ -ciiirni, tank c'url; (/( .... chi.sxi , ( r. r.) car of da-ss; ii un (dcur, clc.j (■•illiirCi), a one- (two-, etc.) liorse carriage; r<ilijiii'ii(r, (mil.) iiieeon cart or wagon; de cum im rci , couiil ry can iat.'e; dc cdiii i-iuiiiii , (mil.) coinivmy wagon (for tools, uinnmnilion, .sotneiiuus knapsacks); a cniilrc-apiiui, (arl.) earriage in wliicn llic trail (or percli) rests on the axli' of the limlier; — dtrnuli u-v , (mil. UUg.j reel wagon; voiture pour dresser les chevaux, (hipp.) horse break; d'effets, (mil.) baggage wagon; d'iquipcmeni, (weV.) equipment wagon; d'explosif, (mil.) high-explosive wagon; fourgon, (mil.) fuel and water, etc., wagon, balloon .service; dfourrage, (mil.) forage wagon; hfrein, (r. r.) carriage with brake; d, hudrogtne, (mil.) hydrogen-gas cart (of a balloon park); kilomltre, (r. r.) car kilometer; Mtre de , waybill limonit're, dt limonitre, shaft carriage; ii mirdiandincs, (r. r.) freight car (V. S.); goods wa;on, goods van ('.England); mtdicak, (mil.) hospital wagon; wediV(/crej/jmf7i<air£,(/'V.o.) hospital wagon, ambulance; iiiiitc, (r. r.) mixed car (several classes); de munitions, (mil.) ammunition wagon; d'niitils, (mil.) tool wagon; de pare, (mil.) park wagon (v. pare); pirlieuUirc, private carriage; piice, (arl.) gtm and limber; pivot, (art.) pivot carriage in clianges of direction; h n places, an n-seat carriage; de place, cab ; postale, {r. r.) mail car; posle (dite levee de boUcs), (Fr. a.) mail wagon; l>oste (lilegraphique), v. s. v. votturer, v. a., to convey, transport, carry, earl; par eau, to convey liy water. voiturier, m., carrier, wagoner, wagon driver, driver. volturin, m., driver and owner of a carriage for hire; the carriage itself; /'«r «z!/, shi|)|)er. voi.x, f., voice; vote; song (sailors') in hoisting, licaving, etc.; al/i r uiir , to take a vole; arliri , right to elect, the sud'ragc; iietiK el p'issin , right to elect and be elected; ciimmaiiiUrd, la — — -, (mil.) to give commands Ijv word of mouth; - — I'tiisultafiic, right to advise, etc., but nol to vote; di lilicrnlive, xoio; diiiin, r la , to sing out; iiiilln: am , to put to vote; piiKxi r I'l •, to pass the word; porli . speaking trumfn^t; 'T<A 489 volte Voix,& portf.t de , within hailing distance, within hail; devive , aloud. vol, m., theft, robbery, stealing, thie\'tng: thing stolen; flight (of birds); it bandtfranche, flight of pigeons composed of reportfTS alone; ^ bande mixte, flight of pigeons composed of reporters and pixtcum, q. v.; de cordf, (artif.) line rocket; de grand chemin, highway robbery; 4 d'oiscau, as the crow flies. vulaxe, a. , flcklc, inconstant; (of a boat ) top-heavy, crank, cranky; (of the compass) unsteady. vulanti a., fl>'ing; loose; deta^-hed; traveling: float- in";; transportable; moval>le (as sash of French window); artillerie e, v. s. v. artilUrie; cabextan , v. s. v. cabestan; camp , v. s. v. camp; c&ble , v. s. v. c&ble: fusee e, v. s. v.ftisie; ligiu e, V. s. v. lijne; pont , V. s. V. pnnt; roue <•, V. s. v. roue; sape ——<•, V. s. v. sapc. volant, m., (mach., etc.) fly wheel, hand-wheel (cnns.) sash of a French window; d. c&blrs, cable fly wheel; ■ de changemrnl de marche, reversing wheel; d. coulinse, fly wheel with (adjustable) slid- ing weight; dtnte, geared fly wheel: de direction, (art.) traversing handwheel; d'embrayage, clutch wheel; — a gorge, grooved wheel or pulley; d main, handwheel; — — o manette, fly wheel, or handwheel with handles; manivelle, A manivelle, handwheel; — — de mi.ie en train, starting wheel; df mamiuvrc, generic term for any working or controlling wheel: — - modirattur , regulating wheel; pi tit — — , handwheel; de pointagc. (art.) elevating handwheel; d( pointagc en direction, (art.) traversing hand- V heel; - -di jiointage en hauteur, {art.) elevating hund- wiiecl: — -jjouli(, fiy whec-1 and pulley in one; de pTi-H.vn'n, air reservoir of a pump; name gi'.en to ihc water in a Imiler (and in other cases), as compensating irregularities of com- bu.slion. of ct)usuinplii)ii of steam, eti'.: raliutluiit, lly wheel whoso upper part turns toward the steam itylinder; de rniipd. adjusting handwheel (as, e. g., of a Maillard lostiug machine); di rojlnfji, V. mmiirateur; ' ■ rem. bridle w!u<el i steam steering gear); tourmr nu , to work the fly whe<?l (in starting an eiif;ine). volateur, in., sort of flying mat'hine. volcan, m.. \ oKaiui. volcanlser, v. a., v. vulcani.'<r. volfe, f.. (lit,'hi (of a hirdi; (liglii. fl.K-k, of birds; (in games of ball) volley: number of blows de- livereil i oiistxtitively" with a pile driver; jib. overhaii;;. of a crane; splinter bar: mason's h(«l: (art.) .salvo; (,ilso) single round; cha.se of a giui; flight of a projiy-tilo before touching: iinach.) :hi()\v of a piston; rise of a hammer: {cons.) flight of stairs; (X ta , at r;.0(iom. headlong: flying in the air; — - (/( liuul di liiiion. nivk yoke; cluml de - - . v. s. v. elm til; ehi I mu di - . ,-\\ iiig lioi.'-es (of a i,-hor.se team); Ic.ul horscr-. (of ;i l-iiorse team': cini[,a I'ltiii - -, (ml.) random slioi (ftdl cluirgo and ma.xinnim eIe\alion K (dt cdufi.s rf( hiiiiiii I, shower of blows: dc dcrrieri, splinter b;'.i : - - (/( di rnni, v. <le tmi^t dr limon; iiitrUiii.''( di . {an.} bre^ist transom; il'dcaliir. '■o«.«.) ili^^tu of stairs; voKe fixe (de derriire), splinter bar: flexion de la , (art.) droop of the muzzle; de true, jib, arm, of a crane; jouer de , to volley (a ball); mobile (de derriire), doubletree; poser une llfne tflegraphiqueii la- , to set up a telegraph line in haste, on the run; prendrcii la, de, , \. jouer de ; prendre tntre bond et , to half voUey; raftan de , (art.) muzzle lashing; tarauderh la , to cut screws by hand; tir, tirir,d, toute ■ . v. s. v. tir; h toute , at full speed, under a full head of steam; (art.) with greiitest elevation and service charge; at random, without being particularly aimed; trempe, tremper,h la , v. s. vv. trempe. tremper. voler, V. a. n.. to fly (birds); to fly (go at great speetl); to rob, steal, pilfer, plunder. volerie, f., robbing, robbery, theft, pilfering. volet, m., damper, shutter, widow shutter (strictly, insideshutter); Ixiat compass; paddle of a water wheel; (art.) top board, cover, of interior divi- sions of ammimition bo.x or carriage; carrier ring: (fort.) embrasure shutter: (phot.) shield of a plate holder; (sm. a.) gate (as of the Krag- J6rgen.sen); bri.u, ■ de brisure, folding shiUler; A charnihre, lunged shutter; (phot.) back of a printing frame; console, V. s. v. console; d, coulisse, sliding shutter; de frcin, \. ■ de pat in; de parement, shutter in one piet-e; de patin,. pnrte-paiin,*, (art.) brake shoe rod (of the I/emoine brake); de platcforme, (pont.) chess. volette, f., horse net, fly net. voleur, m., thief, robber; (s-i.rv.) kink in a sur- veyor's chain (familiar); - — -d'HiquilUs, (mil. xlang) quartermaster (.siiid by the men to steal the labels (iiiipiettes) on tlieir beds so as to charge for new ones). vollge, f.. (cons.) batten: very thin plank: roofing stri|) (slate r(K)f); cnnftniirc en , to batten; lalte , r(X)flng strip (slate roof). voliKeage, m., (cons.) battens; battening (act ofi. voUger, v. a., (cons.) to batten. volontalre, a., volunlaiy, willing; obstinate, head- strong (said also of hor.ses); spare (of horsest; m. , oi)stinate person: ( mil. ) volunteer. esi>eciany man who enlists voluntarily (without l)ein"g drawn for service): en , (mil.) as a volunteer; (eiigagi) d'un an, \,inil.) one-year volunttMr; s'rngagir, entrcr, conime , (mil.) to volutUeer. voluntariat. m., (mil.) act of volunteering, volun- tary enlistment: ptriod of service (as a ont- year volunteer): d'un an, ontvyear volunteer enlislnu-iU. voloiit^, f.. will, free will. wish, pleasure; d .at will, at pie:tsure; (mil.) at will <of lire. et.-.); armt <i •, v. s. v. •innc; hoi:iiih de bonne -— . { mil.) voluiU(>er. man wlio volunle«>rs for a daring or dangerous enterpri.^e. volt, m., ((/if.) volt: /((;a/, legid volt. voltage, m., (die.) voltage. voltaiqiie, a., (rlrc.) voltaic, galvaiiir; /)(/( - , voltaic batieiy. voltaisnic, m., (circ.) \ollai.:m. gahani ni. v«)Itan>»'tre. m., (ehc.) voltameter. volt-anl|)^^e, m., ((he.) wall. volt-coulomb, m., (the.) joule. volte, f.. I f'lic.) volf. (turn on the left foot to avciid a till u^l i; (//irni. ) \ ..|i , ciri-ular lieail (. n. le dc- sciib."! from the lr:i.l< towanl th. lai.l.llec f the hall (sr rilling ground »; tlui spare i round or S(|uare1 on which volt.., are made: 'ijyni.) e.ver- (■i::.e.s oil llm woo'ien horse; volte 490 voyage volt«, demi , v. demi-volte; drmi renvenie, (man.) a demi-volte reversed; df deux pislfx, (mm.) a volt in which the fr)re and the hind legs take different tracks; flargir, embrasser, la , (man.) to widen, broaden, a volt; dc piste, (man.) a volt in which the hind quarters follow the shoulder; sur place, v. s. v. place; renvei.<ife,(man.) a volt with the head turned In (the fore feet describe a small, the hind a large, circle); volt in renvers; serrer la , v. s. v. server; Tolte-face, f., {fenc, man., mil.) wheel, face about; fi droite (gauche), (fen:.) right (left) volt (bayonet exercise, accompanied by a leap to the new rear); faire , to wheel or turn about (e. g., to face a pursuing enemy). volter, V. n., (fenc.) to make a volt. vultl^e, f. , (man.) vaulting, etc., on a horse; (gym.) vaulting; selle de , v. s. v. jelle. voltlxeinent, m., flutter, flicker; vaulting; de , flying. voltiger, V. a., to flutter, flicker, wave, fly about; (gym.) to vault, practice vaulting (on a horse, on a wooden horse). Tolti^eur, ra., (gi/m.) vaulter (on a hor.se); vaulting teioher; vaulting horse; (mil.) voltigeur (light- infantry man). volt-metre, m., (elec.) voltmeter; averlisseur, potential indicator. vulubilité, f., ease of turning, of rolling (as of wheels) volume, volume; volume, bulk, size; de viper, v. s. v., vapeur; de vijr, v. s. v., vide, volute, f., volute, scroll. Vousser, v. a., to vorail; to throw up; les etoupe, i. (nav.) to start oakum from seans in a heavy sea. voussoir, m., v. i'OM. ofr. voussoir, m., (con!.) voussoir, archstone; (fort.) Voussurer of a cupola; rniied -, V. s. v. roue. voussoirler, m., machine for shaping foot of spokes. voussure, f., (eons.) rise and bend of an arch; curved top of a bay; arrière, dome-like arch over a door or window. Votlte, f., (cons.) vault, vaulting, arch; (farr.) hollow of a hoaf, of a horseshoe; (met.) roof or crown of a reverberatory furnace; annulaire, annular arch; anse de cintre, sogmatic arch; en arc de cintre, cloistered arc; d'arel(s), groined arch, groined vault; cross vaults, groined arch, cylindrical arch; bist, en bi'tif, skew arch; filaments, conical arch; clef de, keystone; composrc, arch or vault composed of two or three kinds; coni/ii', conical arch, squinch; de omslinum, mixle, arch (ifmixo<l masonry) (e.g., brick and stone; contre, ODunler inch; prox, cross vault; en cul dr four, s'Muirlome, apsiilal dome. C'lindric, v. rn Ixrccau: de, en, drrhirge, rolicviny, dispharcin;;, arch; en dich'ugc d tTrt cuahinle. ri^lioviiig arcli with the earth at its natural slope; (dite)dl'impiri:ile, cloistered arch with a flat top; rn dome, dome; d itfiuhlr, bivaulted; — d. double arete, doul)lc cross-vault; vottte droite, right arch (axis perpendicular to face); en ellipse, elliptique, elliptical arch; en, arch-like, vaulted; d. I'epreuve, (fort.) shellproof arch; eztradossce en arc, arch thicker at springing lines than at vertex (e.vtrados not parallel to intrados);, extradossie parallement, arch of tiniform thickness (extrados parallel to intrados); extradossie en chape, arch whose es-trados consist of two symmetrically disposed plane surfaces; extradossie de nive A, arch whose extrados is a horizontal plane tangent to the vertex; da fer d cheval (farr.) hollow of a horseshoe; forte, arch to resist heavy loads, and no or but slight vibration (e.g., road arch); imparfaite, diminisheid arch; en limi(;on, spiral vault; ifgire, arch to resist very slight loads or only its own weight; moyenne, arch to resist moderate loads (as in a building); naiss'in-cc de, springing line of an arch; oblique, skew arch; en ogive, ogical or pointed arch; en plate-bande, straight arch; en plate-bande, triangular arch; primitive, the arch proper of an extended arch; de remplissage, small filling arch (as in the valley between adjacent arches); — — renver-iee, inverted arch; souterraine, underground arch; surbaissee, surbased, elliptical, arch; surbaissee. Au l:n, arch whose rise is  small vault. voliter, V. a., (cjm.) to arch; to vault; (farr.) to bend a liorseshoe. voOtln, m., (cons.) small arch; counter arch. voyage, m., voyage, trip, journey; run, tour, travels (account of a voyage); (mil.) travel (U.S.A.); d'aller, outward trip; voyage out; d'aller el de retour, entire trip; voyage, out and in; alley en, to go on a journey, trip, voyage; voyage; cheval de —, good road horse; horse suitable for a long journey; d'c, voyage to such and such a place. country; en, on a journey; en cours de, outward bound; entier, voyage out atul in; eirccn, to be journeying, traveling; d'essai, (nnv.) trial lrii; d'riat-ni For, d'élégales, (mil.) stalf-eolloge journey or voyage, journey or voyage, (for the study of military problems on the terrain); fane, v. etre rn, faire un, to take or make a journey, make a trip; to go on an errand; grana, long journey, trip; au, d'long cours, long (sea) voyage; petit, short journey; de rrlour, return voyage, voyage home; recurré, voyage home; recurré, voyage, voyage home; révoir, to return from one's travels, journey, trip, etc.; rond, v. enlir; returning, (mil.) stalf journey (to study military problems on the terrain). Voyager, v. a., to travel, make a trip, journey. Voyaxeur, in., traveler, passenger; commit, commercial traveler. Voyait, a., coaspicionis (of colors); ckeval, shortsighted horse. Voyait, m., (of colors) conspicuousness, highness; (itric.) vane, tiirget, level; rod; (ire du, slide vane of a level) rod; d'un niveau, bulle d'air, eyepiee of a spirit level; plaque du, v. mire du; de l'uniforme, (mil.) conspicuousness of the iform, ease with which seen at a distance. voyer, m., road trustee. Vrar, m., disorder, confusion; charge en, to lade in bulk; en, in bulk; (art.) without any refailar order (of l)ullets in a case shot. Vrasiie, vraque, m., v. rrac. Vril, m., (expl.) vril. Ville, f., gimlet, wimble, drill, borer, piercer; en gouge, kind of auger. Villerle, f., to bore with a gimlet, etc.; (carif.) to whirl (said of a rocket). Villerle, f., generic term for files, punches, punches, and other small tools (carpenters', archers', etc.). VriUon, ra., small auger with a gimlet point. VruUon, m., sight, examination, inspection; preamble. Vue, f., sight, view, aim, survey; examination, inspection; aspect; (conx.) opening, window, looking upon a neighboring house; (6-771. a.) sitting notch (of a sight); A, at sight (of a draft); in sight (as. a prisoner); opéré les fichantes, (fort.) said when the glacis prolonged passes over the interior crest; avoir les s rasantes, (fort.) said when the glacis prolonged passes through the interior crest; de has en haut, view upward; hasse, short-sightedness; de côté, side view; par côté, v. oblique; en coupe, cross section; vue courte, v. baste; entre en dessus, v. d'oueau; dessus, (conn.) window or opening directly overlooking a neighbor's property; en, in sight; fere en, to be in sight; deface, front lew; gromrrate. Geometrical view or presentation; prairie, (hipp.) v. s. v. gra! de haut en ban; lew downward; hor.i de, out of sight; lever ft, V. s. v. lever: lune, long-sightedness; lune, V. longue-vite; lunette de lon, eye, telescope; morte, window not to be opened; oblique, side window or opening (on a neighbor's property); d'oiseau, bird's-eye view; ft de pâté, by the lay of the ground; (fig.) at a cié, gl.ince; perdre de —, to lose sight of; per-fére, perspectixe view; A perte de, as far as one can see; out of sight; plan fi d'oUeau, bird's-eye view; point de, point of sight, eye; point of distance; focus; portie de, within sight; ft la l'étrange de, de la. In, within, sight; de serritude, de sonfrance, v. s. v. jour: fit l'un simple, by the naked eye; tant de j'émies de, at so many days' sight (of a draft); de terre. horizontal, cellar, window; vol d'oiseau, bird's-eye view. vulcanisation, f., vulcanization. vulcanizer, v. a., to vulcanize. vulgarisation, f., popularization; ontraire de, popular work or treatise. Vulgarisation, f., popularization; ontraire de, popular work or treatise. Vulgarisation, (., v. a., to popularize. vulnifer, v. a., to popularize. vulnifer, a., to be hit. vulnifer, a.,  or flanks instead of seats): Forchure, horse car (transport of horses); Forchure, water car (no seals); Forchure,  (ft f,i.«(>ux fiie.<t), (». c. art.) shell truck (for one) projectile of large caliber); pint, flat car; vinte-forme, (s. c. art.) shell truck; ft plale/orme de'couveric, truck. Hat car; post, mail car; reservoir, reservoir car; restaurant, buffet-car; restaurant, buffet-car; saloon, parlor car; stables, (mil. r. r.) saddle wagon; — -tabayie, smoking car. wagonet, m., trolley; minor's truck; (r. r.) hand car, small truck;' ft maniitUci, (r. r.) hand car; de viawruvre, (r. r.) hand car, truck; • ])nTte- projectiles, (art.) shell-hoist scooii; 7»(ir/fHr, (771(7. r. r.) truck of the DeciHiville railway. wagoniiage, ni., (r. r.) transportation of earth, etc., in construction. wagoniiette, f., wagonette. waeotiiilor, m., (r. r.) conductor wariiie, f., v. vnrme. wall, m., (rlcr.) watt. walt-lieurc, m., (clcc.) watt hour. watt-seconde, m,, (rtcc.) watt second. wallinttrc, ni., (ilir. 1 wait meter. wolf art, in., \ . iniljrnm. Wolfe, III., wlurl|)ool or race. wolfram, m., (met. ) tungsten. wootz, m., (met.) W(M)tz, Indian sleel. wurst. III., (iirt.) ammunilion waL'on of light con- struction (horse arlillery, olis.i; imed.) ambu* lance wagon. 492 zouave X. 1, m., (fam.) a cadet of the Polytecliiiiriuc; oiler a , to go to tho Polytechnuiiu!; fort en . strong in mathematics; les , mathcmanrs; piocher V , to study mat hematics seriously; Uteh , good head for mathematics (cf . theta X). xanthine, f., (expl.) xanthine powder. xj ioglodlne, f., (</p7.) xylo;;lodine. xjloKdlne, f., WpL) xyloidiii, nitrostarcb. xylopraphle, f.j xylography. xylophone, ni., (7»»u-s.) xylophone. Y. yac, m., {nav.) union jaclv; (also) yacht; anglais, union jack. yacht, m., yacht; h glace, ice boat; h rawur, sto;im yaclit. yachteur, ni., yachtsman. yak, m., v. yac. yatagan, m., {sm. a.) yataf,'han. yatagancrlc, f., collection of arms. yCnlte, f., yenite. yeuse, f., live oak. yeux, m., plural of ceil. yole, f., {nav.) yawl; de I'amirnI, admiral's pallry; du cnmirnndani, captain'-; "tralley or gig; grandc , galley. you, m. and interjection, hi:rr:iV.! halloo! dc gui m, war cry. yonyoii, ni., {nnr.) dingey, jolly-boat. youyoutier, m., oarsman in a dingey. yiifreaii, in., v. ypreav. yprCau, m., Dutch elm (Ypnselm). z. zagaie, f., assegai. zaln, a., (fti/'/'.) whole colored (i.e., no white hairs); pure black or bay; chcval , horse of one color. ztbre, m., zebra. zCbr*, a., (/"'/'/'•) zebra-marked. asfbrer, v. a., to mark witn /.ol)ra-like stripes. j*brure, f., ihipp.) zebra mark. z?le, in., zeal. zCK', a., zealous. zfnith, m., zenith, vertical point. zenithal, a., zenithal. z6i)liire, zfphyr, n;., zephyr; {mil. slang) soldier liolonL'Jng to a disciplinary company; undis- ciplined soldier. zCphyrlen, a., (mil. slang) relating to a zephyr, (I. V. zCritJa, f., zareba. zCro, m., zero, cipher; absolu, absolute ze: ;;; rf(S carles marines, level of lowest tides ob-^crved. z6rotaue, m., {inst.) dotermiimtion of the zero point. zlgza;;, m., zig/.ag: laxy tongs; (siegi, in pi., goner- ally) zigzag';. ziKzaguer, v. a., to zigzag. zinc. 111., zinc; htanc de , while zinc, jiaini ; dintblngc en , zinc sheathing; lliur.s fie , llowcrs of zinc; rn I'ltiipifs, ix soudir, spelter. zlncage, in., x.zing'igc. ziiicoaraplile, f., zincography. zlnconraphier, v. a., iore|iro<bice by zincograph>-. zliigaue, HI., covering with zinc: galvanizing, zlniiner. v. a., to cover willi zinc; to galvanize. ziiiicnerie, f., zinc works, zinc Irade. ziiiciieiir, in., zinc worl<er. ziii(|ller. v. a., v. zinquir. /.lii(|Hier, ziiiquenr, in., v. zinqurnr. zodiat-al. a., /"liaiul. zodlaijtie, in., zodiac. zonaire. zonal, a., zonecl. zone, f.. viy.\'-: zone of ilir (r'lr.l. I Sj'ace ijetwoeu t c>linder i: ' — -d'luiiin d'um loijn zone; il'arlinn d'linr haii.ys; , (fiail.) deplh in wliicli a giM'ii tar..'et will <iirrl;. !■(■ liit li\ mean Ira je-tory corresiiomiiii;.; !o the cli-v.uioii (■oii<i(l- ered; .1' T.'ii l/r, (farl.) spiiere of uelioo of :i fortress; li' thin I ntntiiiii, (.iiiiL, zone of siiii]il\ ; (/,.<n/i:/.v, trade-v.iml l.ell : (!i -f antiri 1, (fr. a.) in thi^ mriiii di I'rirri/'rr, q. v., Ii-rntory coiiii'ri^iiii; :'li l!ii' raihv;iys, coinniuiiiciitions, I'tc. iiiidir I h.- oiri-f t control of the coniin.indei in rhi''f i v. ~ -'It I tiUhuftir); nrface; region; (on a drum or (hall.) dangerous zone de Varrihe, {mil.) the area or ground in rear of an army, with referenc-e t o lines of commnni- cation, of supply, depots, etc.; d'artilkrie, {mil.) zone efhcaciouslv covered by artillery, but not bv infantry, fire (lieirins at. •!,()()()•■); d'atiaquc, {mil.) zone of fire action; baltut, (mil.) zone or belt swept or nuched by (ire; dts calmis, doldrums; de conc( n/rafinn (mil.) strategic zone of con- centration: dangcraisr, {ball.) ilangerous zone, dangertnis space; difiUf, {furl.) defiladed zone, belt, area: de dixpimian, {ball.) zone or belt over which shots are .scattered in any given case; d'echamttmcnt, {art.) iieat area around shot liolcs in armor i)late; — — - dfslln !Hs, V. s. V. itnp(: frontih-f, dcs fronlicris, v. scrvHiido! de lafrnniierc; hoitiU'm , coal belt; de rintiTi<vr, (Fr. a.) (erritory compiising uU railways, communications, etc., remaining under ibe direct orders of the mimster of war (this, with the d(s anna.'', constitutes the theater of operations of Die service de rami re); tic in'in-i litre, {mil.) sp'.u-e necessary for a column 10 hringall its eli' incuts from the point where tlu> march formal ion is abandoned onto the lialllcfield; zone sheliered from fire (^^ail- lard); de marclu, (mil.) inarcli zone; riiililnirc, (mil.) area of terrain of a plao ■'(•rU; military reservation, U. S. A.; --de la viorl," (mil.) the terrain 6(K) !o 200 meters froni hostile line; dc iiinns-qndcrie, (mil.) zone swept \i\ in- fantry (ire (begins at 1,s(k) meters in open ground); iin/riaiiiilrique, {Fr. zoiiaxe, I Fr. i:.j /,oua^"C. APPENDIX THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR. This calendar, established by tlie First Republic, went into effe<t by retroaction on September 22, 1792, having been legally adopted on November 24, 1703. It was abolishe<l December 31, 1805. The year consistetl of twelve months of thirty days each; five, and in leap years six, supplementary days (sans-rulottides) were adde<l to bring the number of days up to 3(>") and to 3()f) respectively. Kach set of four years was called a. fratu'iad< . Each month was divicUnl into periods (decadrs) of ten days each, the week having been abolishe<l; the tenth day wa.« a day of rest. The year beginning September 22. 1792, was the year 1 (ran l) of the Republic. The correspondence of the Revolutionary with the tJregorian calendar is aa follows: Al'TIMN. vend*njlalre (vintage month), September 22 to October 21. briimalre (fog-monfli). 0(tol>er 22 to November 20. friiiiairc (sleet month), November 21 to Decemlier 2(). wint?:r. nivflse (snow month), l>e<'ember 21 to January 19. pIxivlOse (r;iin month), January 2() to February 18. ventOse (wind month), February 19 to March 20. spring. KPrnilnai (sprout month). March 21 to Ajtril 19. Jldrfal (flower month), .\pril 20 <o May 19. pratriul (pasture month). May 20 to Juno 1>^. SIMMKR. iiiessidor (liarvost monlhi, .lune 19 tu July IS. llierniidor I hot moiilh), Jul\ 19 lo Au^'iisf 17. fructldor 'fruit m<inth), .\ut;ust IS to Sepleniber li SAN.<-<.TLOT'lIl)ES. lc> \ertus, .'^epti'inbcr 17. Ic (jf-nle, Sci'tiniluT !S. Ic travail, Scpicmlicr 19. r(>pli:h>n, .■■•cutciiiiicr 20. les rOroiiipenses, ••-^cpli'tiil'cr 21. (493) A FRENCH-ENGLISH MILITARY TECHNICAL DICTIONARY supplemp:nt By CORNELIS De WITT WILLCOX Colonel, United StjiUs Army ProfBssor of Modern Lauguatres, United Statns Military Acailoiny [Edition aiithorizwl hy liccnso from the; author, July 17, 1917] (495) Copyright, 1917, By C. De W. Willcox. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page 409 Military abbreviations 501 Miscellaneons abbreviations 503 Compass indications 503 Staff map abbreviations 504 French weights and measures 506 Illusions between degrees, grades, and mills 567 Grammatical abbreviations in use in military telegrams 507 Text 509 3877°— 17 32 (497) PRKFACK. Of the words contained in the following pages, the vast majority were collected by reading official and standard texts. The work as it stands was prepared under extreme pressure. It is hoped that this fact will be borne in mind as shortcomings are discovered. I am indebted to Gen. Paul Vignal, military attaché, French Embassy, for clearing up a few difficulties; to Maj. F. P. Lahm, Signal Corps, as well as to French and Italian's Modern Parisian Staff, for some of the slang terms recorded; to Capt. V. L. (Juré). Field Artillery, and to Capt. M. E. de Jarny. French Embassy, for some artillery, and Col. Wirt Robinson, Military Academy, for some electrical definitions. My best thanks are due to Sous-Lieut. Maurice Tabuteau, and to Capt. Eriu-st Jones, Signal Corps, for valuable assistance in aeronautical nomenclature. C. De W. W. West Point, N.Y., October 15. VJll. MILITARY ABBREVIATIONS. A staff (said of a battery). (Department telegram.) A. C. artillerie de corps du 96me corps. A. D. artillerie de corps  Bde brigade. Bie batterie. Bie bivouac. B. O. A boulangerie d'armée. B. O. C boulangerie de campagne. B. R bulletin de renseignements. Branc. C groupe de brancardiers de corps. Branc. D'hilbronne de corps de corps. B. R bulletin de renseignements. Branc. C rouge de brancardiers de corps. B. R bulletin de renseignements.  <rarmé. C. V. convoi automobilo. D. Délaseux (type of projectile, sharp o,;ive, and truncated base). D. A direction de l'arrifère. D. C division de cavalerie. D. C. A defense contre açonés. K. C. F directeur des chemins de fer. D. E direction des stapes. D. E. S direction des stapes et services (obsolete). Div division d'infantérie; d'épôt Inter médiaire. Div division d'inlanterie. D. E. S direction des stapes et services [EJ instruction telegram. E. M etatrmajor. E. M. A 6tat-major de l'armée. E. N. E elements non endividés. Epont Equipage de pont. Escadron. Esca escadrille d'avions. F. A fonte acième. F. M fusil mitra In fusaiit (types indicated by numerical subscript). G. A. poupe d'armées. G. A. C groupod'armées du nord. G. A. N groupe d'armées du nord. Gal général. G. B. C groupe de brancardiers du nord. Gal général. G. B. C groupe de brancardiers du nord. G. B. D groupe de canévas du nord. Gen général. G. end gondarraerie. Gl. E gite d'6tapes. G. M. P groupe motopropuhseur. G.O. E... j are oi i;,'ine d'6tapes. (;. p. A... : rand pare d'armCe. (;. PA rraiul pare d'artillorie. G.Q.<;... !:ra!;d (jnartier g<5n(5ral. C. R rare rf'it.'ulatrice. Gr . . .;:roiipe. (i. Uav gare de ravitaillemeiii. G. \-. C... — I'.arde des voie^ et t'onimimii-atiMi. 11 . . . .lioinmes. li. O. K.... iiopital dY'vacuation. IIz llaiibilzo-zimder(German; howitzer fu.se). I . . . instantantje. I. A Inf . . . infanterie. lilt . intend. ml. Lieut . . . lienlennnt. .M mitraillfii.se. (501) 502 Mcln mfidecin. M. W niiiiciivverfer (German). N. T nontransfonn^. fq] officuil tclefiram. O. A. C obus oil acier ii amcrgage de culot. O. A. T obijs en aeior ji amor^age de tfite. O. F olTensif fiisant. O. F. T obus en fonte h, amoi-?age do tdto. P de pfxiition (said of a battorj'-). P. A pare d'artillcrie; pour ampliation. P. A. L parcd'arlillerielourde. P. C points do contact. P. C poste de commanderaent. P. C. A pare do corps d'armeo. P. C. A. D poste do commandementd'artillerie divisionnairo. P. C. C. A poste do commandement de corps d'arm6e. P. C. D. I poste de commandement de divi- sion d'infanterie. P. E poste d'6coute. Pel peloton. P. et C. V pares et convois. P. G6n pare du g6nie. P. gfin. A pare du gSnie d'armfie. P. II. R peloton hors range. 1>. I point initial. P.J poste O.c ionction. P. O p;)sto d'oliscrvation; par ordre. P. Race ]r.ints do raccordement. P. S ;iosto desecours. P. T. .V poste tolophoniquo artillerio. P. T. I poste t«?l(5phoni(iue infunterie. Q. Ct quurtier gdn^ral. (-1. (',. \ quartier g6n(5ral d'armee. Ravt ravitaillenient. Kgt regiment. If. Q ravaitivillement quotidien. S. A service automobile: service atixlli- aire. Set section. R, C. V. A. P. . .section 1 du convoi administratlf. S. l)ist !;ection de distribution. Sgt sergent. S. Hos section d'hospitalisation. S. M station magasin. Sm. a section do munitions d'artillcrie. Sra. i section de munition.s d'iufimterie. S. Mitr section de mitrailleur.es. S. P section do pare do campagno. 8. P. 0 section de parcdu g(5nie. S. R sans retard. S. R. A service do rensoignomeuts de I'ar- tillerio. S. Ravt section de raviUvillcment. S. Res section de r6.serv'o. S. R. L section de rcp<Sra":o par las lueurs. S. R. O. T service des renseigneiaonts de I'ob- servation du terrain. S. R. S section do repSrage par le son. S. R. T section de ropfirage par la tcxre. S. T. A service tocluiitiue do I'arconautiquo. S. T. C. A section topographique de corps d'armee. 8. T. C. A service t<516graphiquo do corps d'arra^e. S. T. D. I section topographique de divisioji d'infanterie. T k tracteiir (said of a battery). T. A t61<5graphie acoustique. T. C train de combat. T. C tdlCgramme collationnfi. T. K tete d'etapes. T. E. M tnte d'6tapcs de manoeuvre. T. M convoi de transport de mat<^riel. T. M t(''!(';grap!;ie militaire. T. O ti'lc.Tamme ordinaire. T. P tir do plwe. T. P. S tc.k'gra;>luc par losol. T. 8. F tclegrapiiiosms fil. T. R train r6;.imcnt:iiro. T. U t(?lcgramme tr6s urgent. V. B Vivon Bessicres (name of a grenade) appears in (ironade V. li. orsomo- tin-.cs alone: les V. H., the V. I!, grenades. W vivres-viando (on earmark or but- ton of cattle). MISCELLANEOUS ARHKLVIATIONS. A. A» Anglo-arabe. A. C. T automobile cliib de France. A. G. A association peiu'^rale automobile. A. O. E avance ii I'oiiverture d'6chappe- ment. B. H. P British horse power. C. F capitalnedefri'iirate. chx phevriiix (hor.sepo\ver). C. V capitaine de \ aisseau. E. U fetats Unis. F. A . I Federation a6ronatiiiue intema- tionale. ffon, (Tons faisant fonclionis"). h lieure. J jour. 1. m. r li.^ne de nioindre resLstanoe. L. V lieutenant <le \'alsseau. m ...mintite. I m- m^tre(s) carr<^(s). I Mgr monsignor. I N. M nord tnagn6tiqao. N. S Nord Suil (on maps). P. o pour ordre. P. S I'urSang. P. S. ar Pur sang arabe. R. F. .\ retard it la fermeture de Tadmission R. F. E retard h la fermeture de I'echappe- nicnt. R. O. A retard ii I'ouverture de radmLs.sion. s .seoondo. is demi-sang. T on documents, indicates that the/ are to be stamped (timbn'M. T. C. F Touring Club of Franco. T. S. V. P Toumez s'il votis plait. COMPASS IM)1CATI()\S. .V nord. N. N. K nord nord est. N. E iiord est. E. N. E est nord est. E. R. E est .sudest. E est. S. E sud est. S. S. E sud sud est. S su.l. S. S. W .Slid sud ouost. S. W .r.id oup.sl. W. .S. W oiiest.snd oii.vi. W ouest. W. .\. W ouest nord oiipsI. N. W iitird oiicst. N'. .N'. ^\■ nord nord ouest. (503) STAFF MAP ABBREVIATIONS. Abat Vbattoir Slaughterhouse. Abb* Abbayc Abbey. Wy \ breu voir V.'atoring trough. .\i:i« \i~uille Needle. Anc" \ncicn Ancient. Aq>i'^ Vqueduc .\queduct. Arb Vrbre Tree. Ard" Vrdoisiere Slate quarry. Arsi Vrsenal .\rsenal. Art" .\rtesien Artesian. As« \sile Asylum. A« \rr^t Halt. Aub*' Vuberge Inn. A vu' V venue .\ venue. B Bois Wood. I3ac Bac Ferry. Bat Bateau Boat. Bati' Batterie Battery. B':'" Bouche Mouth. Bd' Horde Farm. Bg Bourg Large village. Bj, Barrage Pam. B'J' Bastide Country house; re- doubt. B'« Bergerie Sheepfold. B'" Bass in Basin. fBlockhaus. . . .1 Bl Inodoute |Blockhouse. B^'i^t BAtiraent Building. Bne Bom? Boimdary stone. /Buisson ^Thicket. " " "\Biiron / Che \^^ factory. B;u' Baruiiio Hut. Br Brinu-saillo Bnishwixxl. Bf« I^arriore T5arricr. gate. l^ron Buron Cheoso factory. Briqi' Ijriqueterie Brickyard. C Cap Caw. C"' Cabane Cabin. Cub' » C;iban't Small country inn. C" C;ilvairo Calvary. C.i (anal <'anal. Carrefr ( rirrofour Crossroads. Carr- C,irri>Te '^Miarry. C^l-- C;i.^ca<io Waterfall. Casr.' ( 'iisiTiK" I'arracks. Cath'- l'ath.'<lral.' Cathrdral. C-- ( ."n-i^ Farm. Ch" ( halot .-'v. i<sc>.;tai;o. Ch:i' Chafvllo Chajicl. Ch'"' Ch;it< -au Cas'lo, I'owntry house Ch'" Ch:iils-uV T; uu.i. Ch • < hrmiii Way. r(>a<l. i'h'^'- ' honiiii'-o Chimnov. B°". Ciinf"- Cimet lore Cemetery. Cit"« Citadello Citadel. Cit" Citenie Cistern (well). t i. r Clocher Stt^rple. C»n Coron Miner's house. C"i Cortal Shepherd's hut. Couv< Convent Convent. Cri Croix Cross. Deb" r>Obarcadcre. . . Stai ion. platform. D<5 f ' r>e "dt^ Dc '.". le. Dig Digue Dam. Disti' Distillcrie Distillery. Dn* l^iouane Customhouse. Dunes Tunes Dunes. E . .^ r.au Water. Ec»» Fclusc Lock (flood gate). Eie Ecole School. Eci' Kcuri- Stable. Eg" lyiise Church. Etab°« Etablissrment .Establishment. E t« E t ang Bond. Fab' Fabrique Factory. Fbs Faubourg Suburb. F™« Ferme Farm. Fl Flauve Large river. Ff'i' Foaderie Foundry. Fond''' Foudriore Quagmire, slough. F"' Fontaine Fountain, spring. Ft I'oret Forest. Fit' Forge Smithy, forge. F' Fort Fort. Fortif Fortification... Fortification. T'' I'osse Ditch. Fr Four Furnace. C.:\h^ ( laK-rio Gallery. lu""' C. lacier Glacier. Grio' Gorge Pass, gorge. 'Ir'' Gran<l Large. G«' Grange Barn. Gr" Clrotto GroUo. GUI' Gil'' Ford. ITab' Ila'.jerT Cowhouse. 11' Hall ■ Halt. II"" Hain.>aii Small village, han;I'-i. Hi' Hai- Ht'diTC. TI, Horm-. IF'' Hosp.... ;!•: I 'ydr I Irri'- . Haut... . Ileriiiii;; ..I.'.rdin. ..Heiglit. . .Hermitage. . .lK-;pitaI. . . A^yiinn. . .Ih-'fl. . . Hy.irai'Iic. ..l>i:.na. . .11 1 i/aJion. . .Car.h'11. irmi 505 J*» JcWe Pter, }€tty, mok. K Kcr House. L I>ac I>a!{e. La*; Lanins I^agoon. Iy^« I^andc Heath, moor. L' l4ivoir Wash house. L'« liCtte Swamp. Loc" lAHXiXiae Farmhouse. M Mas Farm. Mag'» lla 'arin .'^hop. M"" Maison House. Manuf" If^iiiticture. . .'vranufactOTy. IL Marais Svramp. M't>^ »Lirch6 Market. Mare Marc Tond. Mar«« Murteigc Marsh. ll<iUi* Metairie .Small farm. Mine Miac Mini. Ml Moat Mount. M*"* Montagne M'nintain. Mont* M'jiiumcnt Monument. Mi» Moulin MiU. Mul' Mulctier (sen- tier) Mule path. Mur Mur Wall. Nat'« Nationalc National. Navig Navigable Navipible. Obsr* Obscrvatoire. . . Observatory. Orat Oratoirc Oratory. Os« Oscraic Osier-bed. Ouvr Ouvrajjes ex- t<5rieurs Outworks. Pal« Palais Palace. P Pare (a bcsti- Peak, cattle pen. aux). P Pic Peak. Pap>" Papet-erie Paper manufactory. P«« Passage Passage. P"« PavscrcUc Footbridge. P"" Pa • illon Pavilion. P6ch'« Pt'chcrie Fishery. Vip" Pi'pinifcrc Nursery garden. P'(') Petit, petite.. ..Small. Ph Pliarc Lighthouse. Pilr Pili r Pillar. PI"" Plantation Plantation. Vl^" Piul.'au Table-land. Piatr"''' Platrir-rp PIast<'r quarry, P""- Point Point. Poiyg Polygono Proving ground, ar- iill<^r\' range. P^'!*') Ponceau (ill vert. P Pont 1 Iriflgp. P"'" Ponton ront.Don. i'' Po!t, pont Harbor; bridge. Pit Porte (lite. P'- I'o.i ■ Post. P»" I''jteaii I'ingerpost, guidepost- Pond'* Poiidrerie Powder works. Poud" Poijdriferc Powdcrmill; powder magazine. Pr Prairie Meadow. P"»» Prison Prison. P« Pulls Well. H' Quarticr Quarter. K*" Padeau Raft. RaP« namncrie Reftoery. Rav Ravin Ravine. Red Redau Redan. Red* Redoute Redoubt. R«- Refuge Shelter. R""" R&crvoir Tank. Retp" Retranchement Intrrnchmcnt. Rig Rigole foully. R Rivifere River. R« Rocher Pock. R*" Route Natio- National road. nalc. R Rue Street. R"' Ruine Ruins. R'" Ruisseau Brook. 8« Pable Sand. SabI" Sabl if're Pand pit. Sal Saline Salt pit. Sanat Sanatorium Sanatorium. Sap'« Sapiniftre Firwood. Sc'' Scierie Sa.vmill. S<5m Semaphore Semaphore. 