None
The extremes of the scale of animated existence would appear to meet here. The highest forms of organised matter, immediately after death, serve to nourish some of the lowest orders of living germs, these helping to resolve the complex matter into the simpler forms of carbonic acid, ammonia, &c., which are returned to the atmosphere, the great receptacle for the four chief elements of living matter. 628 ATOMIC WEIGHTS. ATOMIC WEIGHTS Aluminum,. . Al 275 Molybdenum, Mo 96 Antimony, . Sb 122 Nickel, . Ni 59 Arsenic, As 75 Niobium, . Nb 94 Barium, . Ba 137 Nitrogen, . N 14 Bismuth, . Bi 210 Osmium, . Os 199 Boron, . B 10-9 Oxygen, . 0 16 Bromine, . Br 80 Palladium,. . Pd 106-6 Cadmium, . Cd 112 Phosphorus, . P 31 Caesium, . Cs 133 Platinum, . Pt 1971 Calcium, . Ca 40 Potassium, . K 391 Carbon, . C 12 Rhodium, . Ro 104-3 Cerium, . Ce 92 Rubidium,. . Rb 85-3 Chlorine, . CI 35-5 Ruthenium, . Ru 104-2 Chromium, . Cr 52-5 Selenium, . Se 79-5 Cobalt, . Co 59 Silicon, . Si 28 Copper, . Cu 63-5 Silver, . . Ag 108 Didymium, . Di 96 Sodium, . Na 23 Erbium, . E 112-6 Strontium,. . Sr 87-6 Fluorine, . F 19 Sulphur, . S 32 Glucinum,. . G 9-5 Tantalum, . Ta 182 Gold,. Au 196-6 Tellurium,. . Te 129 Hydrogen, . H 1 Thallium,. . Tl 204 Indium, . In 76-6 Thorinum, . Th 238 Iodine, . I 127 Tin,. . Sn 118 Iridium, . It 197-1 Titanium,. . Ti 60 Iron,. . Fe 56 Tungsten,. . W 184 Lanthanium f 1a 92 Uranium,. . U 120 Lead,. . Pb 207 Vanadium,. . V 51-3 Lithium, . L 7 Yttrium, . Y 61-7 Magnesium, . . Mg 24-3 Zinc,. . Zn 65 Manganese,. . Mn 55 Zirconium,. . Zr 89-6 Mercury, . Hg 200 INDEX. *#* The iiames of mhierals are printed in italics. Abel's experiments on gun-cotton, 500. fuze-composition, 346. gun-cotton pulp, 496. Acetal, 546. Acetamide, 541. Acetic acid, HC,H,0„ 461. artihcial formation, 525. formed from alcohol, 487. formed from citric, 580. glacial, HCjH,0„ 556. purification, 461. synthesis of, 559. anhydride, C^HjO^ 566. ether, 515. oxychloride^ 556. peroxide, 557. Acetification, 487. Acetine, 572. Acetone, CjHeO, 555. diethylated. 560. dimethylated, 560. ethylated, 560. methylated, 560. properties, 555. Acetones, 548. Acetonitrile, 541. Acetyle, 547. chloride, 556. peroxide, 557. urea, 612. Acetylene, CgH„ 89. copper test for, 89. detection in ooal'gas, 109. formed from ole&int gas, 94. preparation from coal-gas, 89. ether, 91. properties, 91. silver precipitate, 90. synthesis, 89. Acetylide of copper, prenantion, 90. potassium, 91. sodium, 91. Acid, 25. definition, 10. etymology of, 10. of sugar, 575. unituy definition, 25S. Adds, acrylic series of, C»H»i- iOs, 567. anhydrous, 42. aromatic, 465, 687. dibasic, constitation, 254. unitary definition, 254. hydnted, 42. monobasic, constitation, 264. nnitftry definition, 254. Acids of the acetic series, 507. lactic series, 552. organic, constitution, 556. oxalic series of, 571. polybasic, 517. tribasic, constitution, 254. unitary definition, 254. vegetable, 574. volatile, separation, 561. water-tyx)e view of, 255. Acidulous waters, 49. Aconitic acid, 580. Aconitine, 529. Acrylic acid, HC,H,0« 567. Actinic rays of light, 146. Adapter, 89. Additive formulae, 88. Adipic acid, 571. Adipocere, 626. Aerated bread, 489. After-damp, 74. Ag, silver, 359. AgBr, bromide of silver, 368. AgCl, chloride of silver, 863. Agl, iodide of silver, 368. AgNO, nitrate of silver, 862. Ag,0, oxide of silver, 362. Agriculture, economy of, 684. Ag,S sulphide of silver, 864. Agate, 109. Aich-metal, 341. Air, analysis of by eudiometer, 84. by nitric oxide, 137. by phosphorus, 55. by pyrogallic acid, 583. atmospheric, 54. benzulised for illuminating, 105. burnt in coal-gas, 102. candle test applied to, 74. effect of combustion on, 74. eflect of electric sparks on, 129. eudiometric analysis, 84. exact analysis by copper, 55. germs of life in, 626. proportion of ammonia in, 119. Al, alummnm, 284. ALO„ alumina. 287. ACabiuter, 278. oriental, 47. AllnU, 290. Albumen of blood, 605. Alcarsin, 521. Alcohol, CAO, 609. absolute, 610. allylic, 476. 630 INDEX. Alcohol, amylic, C^HijO, 605. anUic, 550. benzoic, 650. caprylic, 672. eery lie, 57 '6, chemical constitution, 618. definition, 5G6. cuminic, 560. flame, 105. from mUk, 600. methylated, 468. methylic, CH^O, 461. radicals, 0«H9»a. i, 512. doubled formula, 513. synthesis, 518. water-type view, 618. Alcoholic fennentation, 485. Alcohols and their derivatives, 605. boiling points, 606. diatomic, 550. general properties, 506. monatomic, 550. table of, 505. polyatomic, 550. triatomic, 554. vapour-densities, 506. Aldehyde, acetic or vinic, C9H4O, 545. ammonia, NH„ C,H«0, 646. benzoic, 549. butyric, 547. caprylic, 548. chemical constitution, 546. cinnamic, 550. cuminic, 550. euodic, 548. formation in vinegar-making, 487. lauric, 548. oenanthic, 548. preparation, 546. properties, 546. propionic, 548. pyromucic, 558. resin, 546. rutic, 648. salicylic, 550. valeric, 548. Aldehydes, 545. action on amines, 548. derivation from alcohols, 506. Alder-wood, composition, 418. Ale, composition, 486. Al^aroth, powder of, 377. Alizarine, artificial, 592. Alkali, definition, 10. manufacture, 263. metals, group of, 274. works, fumes from, 154. Alkaline earth metals, general review, 282. Alkaloids, constitution, 530. determined, 635. organic, 529. vegetable, extraction of, 584. AUotropy, 192. Alloxan, C4H.N,0,, 612. Alloxantine, C,H.«N«0.o, 612. Allyle, C,H„ 474. iodide, 474. series, 474, 567. sulphide, 474. snlphocTanide, 474. terbromide, 66S. Allylens, 470. AUylic alcohol, 475. aldehyde, 567. Almond cake, 4^. oil, 5n. Almonds. 469. Aloes, 475. Aludels, 365. Alum. 286. basic, 287. concentrated, 286. in bread, 490. shale, 286. uses, 287. Alumina, A1,0„ 287. acetate, 555. action of fluoride of silicon on, 182 hvdrate, 288. phosphates, 291. silicates, 289. sulphate, 286. AluminiU, 252. Aluminum, Al, 284. action on water, 12. and copper, 289. bronze, 289. chloride, Al,Cl«, 288. ethide, 526. extraction, 288. fluoride, 185. methide, 526. proi>ertie8, ^9. silicide, 114. Alums, 212, 287. Amalg^ for electrical machines, 866. of ammonium, 126 of sodium, 126. Amalgamating zinc plates, 866. Amalgamation of gold ores, ^8. of silver ores, 359. Amalgams, 366. Amarine, 558. Amber, 467. Amethyst, 109^ 824. Amides, constitution, 542. formation, 540. of phosphoric acid, 238. Amidide of potassium, 542. Amidodiphenylimide, 454. Amidogen, NHj, 542. Ammonia, NH„ 119. absorbed by charcoal, 63. absorption b^ water, 121. action of iodme on, 180. -alum, 287. and chlorine, 149. arsenite, 243. as food for plants, 120. bicarbonate, 269. bihydrosulphate, 271. bisulphate, 269. burnt in oxygen, 124. carbonate, (NH«),O.CO^ 269 combination with acids, 125. common carbonate, x(NH.LO. 8CX)„ 269. ^ composition, 126. decomposed by the spark, 125. delicate test for, 870. explosion with oxygen, 128. formation from nitnc acid, 188. gas, dried, 128. preparation, 120. INDEX. 681 Ammonia group of hydrogen compounds, 246 hydnodate, 180, 271. hydrobromate, 271. hydrochlorate, NH,.HC1, 120. properties, 270. hydro8ulphate,NH,.H^, 271 hyposulpnite, 271. identified, 121. in waters, examination for, 870. isethionate, 622. liquefied, 123. molybdate, 387. muriate, 270. Nessler's test for, 370. nitrate, 136. decomposed by heat, 136. preparation, 136. nitrification of, 129. oxalate, (NH.),C,04, 576. properties, 121. proportion in air, 119. salts, 268. sesquicarbonate, 2(NH4),0.3CO„ 269. solution, determination of strength, 122. solution, specific gravity, 122. sources of, 120. sulphate, (NBJ.O.SOs, 269. urate, 621. volcanic, 266. Ammoniacal liquor. Hi. extraction of ammonia from, 120. Ammoniacum, 475. Ammonia-meter, 122. Ammonias, complex, 530. ethylated, 630. Ammoniated chloride of silver, 123. Ammonide, sulphuric, (NH,)2S0„ 268 Ammonium, NH«, 268. amalgam, 126. bisulphide, 271. bromide, 2f71. chloride, 270. properties, 270. heptasulpnide, 271. io£de, 271. oxide, (NHJjO, 268. penta^ulphide, 271. sulphide (NHJ.S, 2n. yellow, 271. sulphocyanide prepared, 218. theory, 125. Amorphous, 60. Amorphous phosphorus, 227. AmyKdaline, 469. Amylacetic (oenanthic) add, 560. Amylamine, 533, 538. Amyle, C,H„, 518. acetate, 545. valerianate, 545. Aroylene, 509. Amylene-glycol, 553. Araylethyiic ether, 517. Amylic alcohol, C.Hi,0, 505. Amylic iodide, 518. Analysis of gaseous hydrocarbons, 106. of marsh-gas, 106. organic, &>, calculation of, 81. AnaiaJie, 385. Anccuter atone, 408. Anchoic acid, 571. Angelic acid, 567. AngleHU, PbO.SO„ 357. Anhydride, acetic, 556. benzoacetic, 557. benzoic, 470. carbonic, 83. lactic, 600. nitric, 135. phosphoric, 232. sulphuric, 210. sulphurous, 202. tartaric, 677. Anhydrides of organic acids, 556. Anhydrous, 22. Anhydrous acids, 42. Aniline, aH,N, 460. black, 463. blue, 463. constitution, 538. colours, 451. constitution, 530. -green, 463. -purple, 451. -red, 461. constitution, 537. salts, 463. test for, 451. -violet, 463. constitution, 538 -yellow, 462. Animal charcoal, 65. chemistry, 698. heat, 623. Animals, and plants, reciprocity of, 625. changes after death, 625. destructive functions of, 620. nutrition of, 620. oxidising functions of, 618. ultimate elements of, 620. Animi resin, 467. Aniseed, essential oil of, 471, 550. Anisic acid, 471. 660. alcohol, 650. Anisyle hydride, 471| 560. Annatto, 591. Anseirs fire-damp indicator, 95. AnthradUf 68. composition, 68, 429. production of flame from, 85, Anttchlore, 201, 213. Anticorrosive cape, 163. Antimonic acid. Sb,0«, 375. Antimonietted nydrogen, 376, Antimony, Sb, 373. action on water, 12. amorphous, 374. antimoniata of teroxide, Sb^O., Sb.0, 375. butter of, 376. chlorosulphide, 377. crocus, 3/4. crude, Sb^ 874. detected, 197, 876. extraction in tiie laboratory, 874 glass of, 877. 877. oxide, SbjO,, ».m. oxychlorine, 877. 632 INDEX. Antimony, oxysulphide, 877. pentacnloride, SbCL 877. pentasulphide, Sb.SJp 877. potaHsio-tartrate, 5//. reffultu), 874. 8ul[tliide identified, 877. 8ul}>hide8, 377. terchloride, SbCl,, 877. terozide, SbsO,, 875. tersulphide, 377. testeil for lead and iron, 878. 11808, 374. vemiilioQ, 214, 877. Antiseptic properties of carbolic acid, 456. kresvlic acid, 457. sulpnurous acid, 201. Ants, acid of, 557. oil of, 558. ApatiU, 223. Apocrenic acid, 619. Apple-oil, 545. Aq., water of crystallisation, 41. Aqua fortis, 181. regia, 171. Arabine, 477. Arachidic (butic) acid, 507. Arbor Diame, 8616. Archil, 593. Aigand lamp, 103. Argent-acetyle, chloride of, 91. oxide of, 91. Argent-allylene, 475. Aigillaceotis iron ores, 299. Argol. 257, 576. ArnLCK, 504. Arragonite, CaO.COs, 277. Arrowroot, 480. Arsenites, 245. noniial ratio of, 258. Arsenic, As, 239. bisulphide, 248. combming volume, 239. detection, 246. extraction, 240. extraction from organic matters, 247 in copper, 888. native, 240. oxides, 241. pentasulphide. 249. subsulpmde, 248. sulphides. 248. terbromide, 247. terchloride, 247. terfluoride, 248. tcriodide, 247. tersulphide, 248. identified, 249. triethoxidc, 528. white, 241. Arsenic acid, As^O^ 244. action of hydrosulphuric acid on, 249. Arsenical nickel, NiAst 828. paper-hangings, 244. Pifritee, 240. soap, 244. Arsenic eatinff, 244. Arsenides, 2^. Arsenietted hydrogen, AbH^ 245. deoompoMd by heat, 246. Arsenio-diethyla, 525. -dlmethyle, 6^. Arsenio-sulphides, 240. -triethyle, G25. -trimethyle, 525. Arsenious acid, Asj^O,, 241. action of anunonia on, 241 chlorine on, 247. hydrochloric add on, 247. hydrosnlphnric add on. 248. behaviour with water, 242. composition, 241. crystalline. 242. idenUfied, 241. opaque, 242. smallest fatal dose, 242. tribasic, 243. vitreoaa, 242. Arseniuretted or arsenietted hydrogen, 245. As, arsenic, 239. Asafoetida, 475. essential oil of, 474. Asbestot, 279. AiiHy arsenietted hydrogen, 245. Ashes of coal, 68. As,0„ arsenious add, 241. As^Of, arsenic add, 244. Asparagine, 580. Asparagus, 495. .VHpartic acid, 580. Assay of gold by cupellation, 399. A tacamiUf 844. Atmolysis, 19. Atmosphere, oompoeitian, 54, Atmospheric air, o4. Atmospheric ^rms of pntreftmtion, ttW. Atom, definition, 8. etymology, 8. Atomic formulae, types of, 157. Atomic heat, definition, 9. of magnesium, 284. Atomic heats, 9. of compound bodies, 288. oxyf^en, hydrogen, and nitrogen, 9. potassium, sodium, and Uthium. 288. Atomidties, dasaification by, 250. Atomicity, 157. importance in theory, 250. notation of, 250. Atomic theory, 8. weight 8. of sulphur, 194. Atropine, 529. Attraction, chemical, definition, 1. An, gold, 896. AuCl,, terchloride of gold, 401. AugtU, 290. Auric acid, Au,Ov 401. Autogenous soldering, 205. Azobenxide, 450. Azolitmine, 594. Azote, etymology, 119. B, BORON, 116. Ba, barium, 274. BaCl„ chloride of barium, S76. Balenic acid, 507. Balloons, 14. msde,60S. Balsam of Peru, 466. INDEX. 633 Balsam of Tolu, 4M. Balsams, 466. Banca tin, 380. BaO, baryta, 275. BaO.COj, carbonate of baryta, 276. BaO.N-O,. nitrate of baryta, 275. BaO.SOy, sulphate of baiyta, 275. BarUla, 262. Bar-iron, best, 311. composition, 311. crystalline, 313. fibrous, 313. manufacture, 307. Barium, Ba, 274. action on water, 11. binoxide, 276. chloride, BaCI^ 276. equivalent and atomic weights, 284. sulphide, 275. Barley sugar, 494. Baryta, BaO, 275. carbonate, 275. preparation from heavy spar, 275. chlorate, 276. hydrate, BaO.H^, 276. hypophosphite, 235. in glass, 404. nitrate, BaO.N,0„ 275. sulphate, 276. decomposition, 275. snlphovinate, 516. BarytoccUcite, 277. Basalt, 290. Base, definition, 26. Basicity of acids determined, 255. Basic oxides, 26. Bassorine, 478. Basylous, 249. Bathgate coal, 463. BcUh stone, 408. Baths, photographic, recovery of silver froui, 863. Battery, ^vanic, 4. Baume's flux, 412. Baitxite, extraction of aluminum from, 288. Baysalt, 262. Beans, inosite in, 607. Bear, 388. Beef-tea, 607. Beehive-shelf, 11. Beer, composition, 486. ropy. 487. sparkling, 77. Bees' wax, 573. BeU-metal, 340, 382. Bengal saltpetre, KNO,, 409. Benic acid, 507. Benzamide, 541. Benzoacetic anhydride, 557. Benzoic acid, HC,H«0^ 468. in cow's urine, 618. alcohol, 471, 550. anhydride, 470. peroxide, 557. Benzoin, gum, 468. Benzoine, 470. Benzole or benzine, CJBi^ 450. action of nitnc ftcid on, 134. chloride tt, 460. Benzoline, 558. Benxolised air, 105. Benzone, 550. Benzonitrile, 541. Benzophenone, 550. Benzoyle, C,!!,©, 470. compounds, 470. glycocoll, 613. hydride, 470. peroxide, 557. salicylamide, 542. salicyle, 472. series, 470. Benzoyle-urea, 611. Bcnzureide, 611. Benzylamine, 550. Benzyle, chloride, 550. Bergamotte, essential oil of, 465. Beryl, 291. Bessemer's process (iron), 312. Bezoars, 58o. Bi, bismuth, 371. Bibasic acids, constitution, 255. Biborate of soda, 266. Bibromosuccinic acid, 578. Bicarbonate of lime, 45. soda, Na,O.Hs0.2COs, 265. Bicarbonates, 82. Bichloracetic acid, 555. Bi-equivalent elements. 158. BUe, 622. Bimetantimoniate of potash, 875. soda, 375. Binary formula, 42. theory of acids, 253. salts, 253. Binoxide of hydrogen, 51. nitrogen, 137. Bi^O,, bismuthic oxide, 372. Birch, essential oil of, 465. Bi^3, bismuthic sulphide, 373. Biscuit porcelain, 40o. Bismuth, Bi, 371. action on water, 12. fiance, 373. impurities, 372. nitrate, Bi40s.3N,0«, 873. ochre, 373. oxides, 372. oxychloride, 873. sulphide, 373. telluride, 222. terchloride, BiCI,, 373. trisnitrate, 873. Bismuthic acid, 873. Bistearine, 565. Bisulphate of potash, K^O.Kfi.^BO^ ISO. Bisulphide of carbon in coal-gas, 219. Bisulphites, 201. Bisulphuret of carbon, 216. Bitter almond oU, CtHcO, 468. Bittern, 172, 262. Bituminous coal, 68. Bixine, 591. BUck ash, 263. liquor, treatment, 265. Blackband, 209. Black dyes, 597. BlackiDg, vitriol in, 208. Black lead, 60. crucibles, 61. vitriol, 348. wash, 870. Blast-furnace, 802. 634 INDEX. Blast-funiace, chemical changes in, 802. • gases, 803. Blasting with gunpowder, 428. Bleaching by coloride of lime, 151. chlorine, 151. ozone, 58. sulphurous acid, 200. i)0wder, 151. Bleach killed, 201. Blende, ZuS, 298. Blistered steel, 815. Block tin, 880. Blood, 603. action of oxygen on, 604. aeration of, 604. coagulation of, 603. deflbrinated, 608. formation from food, 620, 623. globules, 608. venous and arterial, 604. Bloom (iron), 810. Bloomery foige, 819. Blowers in coal-mines, 95. Blowpipe, cupellation with, 352. flame, 105. hot-blast, 106. oxT-hydrogen, 87. reauction of metals by, 106. table, 118. test for Uthium, 272. potassium, 260. sodium, 266. Blue bricks, 407. copperas, 842. dyes, 597. fire composition, 164. flowers, colouring matter of, 591. mo^ocAi^, 888. metal (copper), 337. oxide of molybdenum, 387. tungsten, 886. pill, 365. ?Dts, 61. russian, Fe4Fcy3, 482. stone, 842. Th^nard's, 828. Tumbull's, 488. verditer, 848. vitriol, 342. water of copper mines, 887. writing "ptL^T, 291. BjOf, boracic acid, 116. Bodies of animals, putrefaction of, 625. Boghead cannel, 4oo. Boiler fluid, arsenical, 244. incrustations, 45. Boiling meat, 607. Boiling point^ definition, 51. Boiling points of benzole series, 445. Boiling process (iron), 812. Bolsover stone, 408. Bone-ash, 223. as manure, 616. bUck, 65. earth, as manure, 616 formation from food, 620. Bones, ammonia furnished by, 538. as manure, 616. composition, 228. destructive distillation, 65. Boracic acid, B,0^ 116. crystals, 117. Boracic acid, 116. identified, 117. in glass, 404. manufacture, 116. tribasic, 118. vitreous, 117. auhydride, 117. ether, 515. lagunes, 116. BoraciU, 281. Borates, 117. normal ratio of, 253. Borax, Na,0.2B,0„ 116, 266. glass, 267. identified, 267. manufacture, 266. refining, 266. uses, 267. vitrefied, 267. Boric ethide, 526. methide, 526. Bome^ne, 466. Borneo camphor, 466. Borofluoric acid, 186. Borofluorides, 186. Boron, B, 116. amorphous, 118. chloride, BCl,, 170. crystallised, 118. diamond, 118. fluoride, BF„ 186. ' graphitoid, 118. nitride, 118. terchloride, 170. terfluoride, 186. Botany Bay gum, 456. Boucherie's process for preserving wood, 620. Bouquet of wines, 504. Boyle's fuming liquor, 271. Br, bromine, 172. Brandy. 504. Brass, 840. for engraving, 840. guns, 881. preparation, 340. Brassic acid, 567. BrauniU, Mn.0,, 324. Brazil wood, o9iS. Bread, 488. aerated, 439. new and stale, 489. Brewing, 484. Bricks, 407. efflorescence on, 268. Bright iron, 806. Brimstone, 189. Britannia metal, 881. British brandy, 504. gum, 481. Brochantite, 343. Bromates, 174. Bromic acid, 174. Bromine, Br, 172. action on potash, 173. chloride of, 175. etymology, 173. hydrate, 173. identified, 173. in waters, 172. useftd applications, 178. with hydrogen, 174. Bromoform, 544. INDKX. 635 Bromosuccinic acid, 578. Bronze, 340, 382. annealing of, 382. coin, 882. powder, 385. Bronzing, 341. Brookite^ 385. Brown acid (sulphuric), 207. blaze, 297. coal, 67. dyes, 697. hasmatiie, 300. Brucine, 629. Brucite, 281. Brunolic acid, 446. Brunswick green, 344. Bubbles, explosive, 32. Buckskin, 6o2. Bu^-poison, 368. Buiiaing-materials, 407. stone, effect of air of towns on, 408. preservation of, 408. Bullets, rifle, 353. shrapnel, 353. Burner, air-gas, 103. Bunsen's. 103. gauze, 104. ot-air, 103. ring, 50. rosette, 50. Burners, smokeless, 103. Burnett's disinfecting fluid, 297. Burnt iron, 313. Butic acid, 507, 672. Butine, 572. Butter, 572. Butter-milk, 699. preparation of, 699. Butylactic acid, 552. Butylamine, 538. Butyle, C4H,, 513. -amyle, 613. -caproyle, 613. -sulphocyanide, 476. Butylene, 509. -glycol, 553. Butylic alcohol, 505. Butyramide, 641. Butyric acid, HC,H,0» 607, 658. formed from citric, 680. synthesis of, 559. two rational formulsB of, 660. ether, 646. Butyrine, 572. Butyrone, 648. Butyryle, 648. -urea, 612. C, CARBON, 68. Ca, calcium, 277. Cacao-butter, 588. CaCl», chloride of calcium, 279. Cadet's fuming liquor 621. Cadmia, CdS. 297. Cadmium, Ca, 297. carbonate, 297. identifi^297. iodide, 297. oxide, 297. sulphide. CdS, 297. vapour aenaity, 297. CsBsia, 274. Ciesia, carbonate, 274. CtJBsium, 273. platinochloride, 892. Caen-sionej 408. CaF, fluoride of calcium, 181. Caffeic acid, 587. Caffeine, C.HioN^O,, 629. chemical constitution, 689. extraction of, 588. formed from theobromine, 689. Caffeone, 687. Cairngorm atones, 109. Caking-coalf 68. Calamine, ZnO.CO^ 293. electric, 293. Calcareous waters, 45. Calcium, Ca, 277. Calcium, action on water, 11. bisulphide, 198. chloride, CaCl» 279. equivalent and atomic weights, 284 fluoride, CaF^ 181. oxychloride, 161, 279. pentasulphide, 198. phosphiae, 237. sulphide, 264. Calc-spar, 277. Calculation of formuls, 127. Calico-printing, 697. Calomel, HgCl, 369. Calorific intensity, 426. Cameos^ 109. Camomile, essential oil of^ 466. Camphilene, 464. Camphine, 104, 464. Campholic acid, 667. Camphor, C,oH„0. 466. artificial, 464. oil of, 466. Camphors, 466. Camphoriniide, 642. Candle, chemistry of, 100. Candles, 664. conoposite, 664, 667. Cane-sugar, Cf^H^On, 492. action of yeast on, 486. composition, 494. Cannel gas, composition, 108. CaO, lime, 277. CaO.COs, carbonate of lime, 277. CaO.O, oxalate of lime, 676. CaO.SOy sulphate of lime, 278. Caoutchme, 476. Caoutchouc, 476. artificial, 672. in plant juices, 477. solvents for, 476. Cap composition, 441. Capric (rutic) acid, 607. Caprine, 672. Caproic add, 607. alcohol, 665. Caproine, 672. Caproyle, CgH^, 618. Caproylene, 608. Caprylene, 608. Caprylic acid. 607. alcohol, 505» 672. Capeicine, 629. Caramel, 494. OarbuBotio add. 456. CarboUc add, CJBi/>, '456 636 INDEX. Carbolic acid, antiseptic character, 626. tests of purity, 465. Carbon, C, 68. and hydrogen, 88. oxygen, 24. atomicity, 168. atomic weight, 88. bichloride, CCl^ 168. chemical relations of, 66. chlorides of^ 167. circulation m nature, 69. determination of, 80. natural sources, 68. oxides of, 68. physical properties, 6S. sesquichloride, C.CL, 167. subchloride, Cfil» 168. use in metalluny, 66. Carbonate of baryta and lime, 277. lime and soda, 277. lime in waters, 46. natural sources of, 70. Carbonates, 82. additive formule, 83. alkaline, 274. normal, 268. substitutive formulae, 88. Carbon, bisulphide, CS,, 216. uses, 218. burnt to carbonic oxide, calorific value of, 429. calorific intensity calculated, 426. calorific value, 66, 426. chlorides, composition by volume, 169. group of elements, 118, 260. iodide, 180. liquid sesquichloride, CC]„ 169. oxychloride, C0C1„ 169. oxysulphide, 219. protochloride, C^CI^, 168. Carbonic acid, C0„ 69. absorption by water, 76. analysis of, 84. composition by volume, 87. decomposed by carbon, 84. potassium, 84. determination of, 80. evolved by plants, 69. experiments with, 71. formation of propylic acid from, 626. formed in combustion, 69. respiration, 69. in air, sources of^ 69. in breathed air, 74. injurious effects of, 78. liquefaction of, 79. preparation, 70. properties, 71. salts of, 82. separation from other gases, springs, 70. synthesis of, 68. Carbonic anhydride, 83. ether, 616. Carbonic oxide, CO, 84. absorption by cuprous chlo- ride, 261. action on haated metallic oxides, 87. Carbonic oxide, calorific rtlue, 489. compoBition by Tolnm^ S7. deoompodtioii by heat, 81. formauon in fines, 84. formed from ateam, 85. identififld, 84. loss of heat in Amaoespio- dudng, 429. metalloigic appliGatioiii,85. poisonous properties, 85. prefATation from carbonk acid, 84. preparation tram ferroey- anide of potaaahun, 86w preparationfirom oialicarM, properties, 86. Carbonisation, 68. Carbonising fermentation, 6d. Carbotriamme. 637. Carbovinate of potash, 616. Carburetted hydrogen, 94. Carmine, 696. Carmine lake, 695. Carminic acid, 595. CamaUUe, 260. Camdian, 109. Carraway, essential oil of, 465. Carry's freezing apparatus, 128. Carthamine, 691. Cartilage, 608. , Case-hudening, 817. Caseine, 601. vegetable, 488, 601. Cassia, essential oil, 471. Cauiterite, SnO^, 888. Cast-iron, composition of, 305. for ordnance, 307. fusing point, 807. grey, 9b6. malleable. 317. mottled, 306. phosphorus in, 305. silicon in, 114. specific ^vity, 807. sulphur m, 805. vaneties of, 806. white, 306. Castor oil, 672. cold-drawn, 572. Cast steel, 8ia Catalan process, 318. Catalysis, 62, 618. Catechu, 684. C€U*s eye, 109. Caustic alkali, 11. etymology of, 11. lunar, ^NO., 862. potash, ^8. soda, 265. Cd, cadmiimi, 297. Cedar-wood, essential oil, 466. Cedrene, 466. Cedriret, 460, 468. Celery, 495. Celestine, SrO.SOp 276. Cellulose, C«Hi,0«, 459. converted into sugar, 490. solvent for, 342. Cement for earthenware, 601. Keene*8 and Keating'a , 279. PorUand, 409. 637 Cement, Roman, 409. Scott's, 409. Cementation, process, 314. theonr of, 315. Centrifugal sugar drainer, 493. Cerasine, 478. CenU, 291. Cerium, Ce, 291. oxalate, 291. oxides, ^2. Ceroleine, 574. Cerotene, 508. Cerotic acid, 507, 573. Cerotine, 573. Ceruse, 355. Cerylic alcohol, 505, 573. Cetme, 573. Cetyle, Ci,H„, 573. series, 573. Cetylene, 509. Cetylic alcohol, 505. ether, 573. CH„ methvle, 461. CH4, marsn-gas, 94. CH^O, methylic alcohol, 461. C2H3, acetylene, 89. CjH^ olefiant gas, 92. CgH.Cl^ Dutch liquid, 92. CjH^, ethyle, 512. C^H„0, ether, 510. CjHflO, alcohol, 509. C,Ha, phenyle, 454. CjHrt, benzole, 450. C,H,N, anUine, 450. C7H.O, benzoyle, 470. C.oHg, naphthaline, 457. C/uUcedanj/, 109. Chalk, CaO.COj, 277. decomposed by sodium, 84. in waters, 45. precipitated, 163. Chalybeate waters, 49. 320. Chameleon mineral, 325. Champagne, 503. Charbon roux, 413. Charcoal, absorption of gases by, 63. action of steam on, 86. alder, composition, 413. animal, 65. as fuel, 66. ash, 414. burning, 62. combustion of, 66. decolorising properties, 64. deodorising properties, 68. examination, 414. for crmpowder, 418. oxidised by nitric acid, 182. preparation in the laboratory, 424. prepared at different tempera- tures, 413. properties of, 68. retort, 62. suffocation, 85. wood, 61. Charring by steam, 418. Cheese, 600. Cheltenham water, 49. Chemical equivalent^ definition, 10. Chemistry, definition, 1. Cheques, prepared paper for, 48S. ChestyUU, 8i4. Chevreul's investigations, 561. ChUi saUpetre, NaNO^ 409. Chill-castmg, 307. Chimney, hot air, for lamps, 103. use of, in lamps, 108. , ventilation by, 74. Chimneys on fire extinguished, 200. Chinese wax, 573. Chlonaphthalise, C,,CL, 169. Chloracetic acid, HC,U,C10„ 555. Chloracetene, 549. Chloral, C,HC1,0, 544. Chloralum, 288. Chloranile, 587. Chloraniline, 540. Chlorate of baryta, 276. potash, KC10„ 161. action of heat on, 164. sulphuric acid on, 165. and sugar inflamed, 166. Chlorate of potash burnt in coal-gas, 164. preparation, 161. preparation of oxygen horn, SO. Chlorates, 163. normal ratio of, 253. Chlorhydrine, 565. of glycol, 551. Chloric acid, 161. hydrated, 168. ether, 515. peroxide, ClOf, 165. Chloride of aluminum and sodium, 289. ammonium, NH4CI, 120. calcium tube, 81. lime, 151. constitution of, 151. spontaneous decomposi- tion, 161. nitrogen, 170. prepartion, 171. potassium, solubility of, 410. soda, 161. sodium, 261. sulphuryle, 201. thionyle, 201. Chlorine, CI, 143. action on ammonia, 149. hydrosulphuricacid,196. I leaves, lol. ! sal-ammoniac, 171. i water, 149. and hydrogen, 146. exploded by sun- fight, 147. exploded by spark, 147. atomicity of, 158. bleaching by, 150. chemical relations of, 145. disinfecting properties, 152. etymology, 145. experiments with, 145. group of elements, 186, 250. hydnte. 145. liquefied, 145. occnrrenoe in nature, 143. oxides, 159. composition by volume, i(&r ^ general review, 167. ^H 638 INDEX. Chlorine, oxidising action, 160. peroxide, 165. preparation, 144. properties, 145. taper in, 150. water, 145. OWortte, 290. Chlorites, 167. Chlorobenzole, 450. Chlorocarbonic acid, COCl^ 169. atomic constitution, 250. Chlorochromic acid, 331. Chloroform, CHCl,, 548. Chloronitric gas, 172. Chloronitrous gas, 1 72. Chlorophosphamide, 239. Chlorophyll, 591. Chloropicrine, CCl^HfO^, 456. Chlorosulphoric acid, 201. Chlorous acid, Cl^Og, 166. Chocolate, 588. Choke-damp, 74. Cholesterine, C^H^^O, 622. Cholic acid, 62£ Choloidic acid, 622. Chondrine, 608. Chromates, normal ratio of, 253. of lead, 330. of potash, 330, Chrome-alum, 331. Chrome-iron-are, FeO.Cr.Oa, 321, ^'^' Chrorae-yellow, PbO.CrO,,^30. Chromic acid, CrO^ 330. action of hydroehloric acid on, 157. Chromium, Cr, 329. action on water, 12. chlorides, 331. oxides, 330. oxychloride, 832. protoxide, 831. sesquichloride, 331. sesquioxide, Cfr^Oa, 330. sesquisulphide, 332. sulphate, 331. terfluoride, 332. Chrysaniline, 452. Clirysene, 459. Chrysoberylf 291. ChryaocoUa, 344. Churning, 599. Chyle, ^. ChjTne, 621. Cigars, 590. Cinchona bark, 585. Cinchonine, 5^. extraction of, 585. Cinder, 68. Cinder-iron, 304. Cinnabar, HgS, 364. Cinnameine, 466. Cinnamic acid, C.H,0,, 466. Cinnamon, essential oil of, 471. Cinnamyle, hydride, 471. Circulation of blood, chemistry of, 623. Cisterns, incrustations in, 46. Citric acid, HaC.HA, 679. CI, chlorine, 143. Clark's jirocess for softening water, 48. Claying sugar, 493. Clay, ironstone, average rield, 803. kidney fonn, 300. Clay ironsUmeSf 299. Cl^O, hvpochlorous acid, 160. CI4O3, chlorous acid, 166. Cl^O^, chloric peroxide, 165. aot of blood, 603. Cloves, essential oil of, 465. CN, cyanc^en, 435. CO, carbonic oxide, 84. COp carbonic acid, 69. C2O3, oxalic acid in combination, 575. Coal, 66. ash of, 68. Bathgate, 468. bituminous, 67. composition of, 429. Boghead, 463. brown, 67. caking, 68. cannel, 68. combustion of, 67. composition of, 68. distiUation of, 107, 443. formation of, 66. mines, tire^lamp of, 06. pit, 67. products of combustion, 68. distillation, 107. stone, 68. varieties of, 67. Welsh, 68. Coal-gas, 107. composition of, 108. manufacture, 444. effect on c^enoistry, purification, 445. removal of bisulphide of ca from, 219. Coal-naphtha, treatment of, 447. Coal-tar, 445. distillation of, 447. dyes from, 451. Coarse copper, 837. Coarse-metal (copiwr), CuFeS«, S35. Cobalt, Co, 327. action on water, 12. arseniate, 240. bloom, 3CoO. As-O^ 240. chloride, 828. commercial oxi(1& preuaratioiK fflance, CoA8,.CJoS^ 827. oxides, 827. phosphate, 828. pyrites, Co-S,, 328. separation from nickeL 327 sulphides, 828. Cocaine, 520. Cocculus Indieus, 473. Cochineal, 595. C'Ochlearia, oil of, 475. Cocinic acid, 507. Cocoa, 588. Cocoa-nut oil, 570. Codeine, 529. constitution, 586. extraction, 584. Cod-liver oU, 572. Coffee, compKwition, 587. roasting, 58/. Coil, induction, 6. Coin-bronxe, 840. Coke, 88. '^^^X- actkm of steam on, 86. composition. 429. Ck)lcotliar,208, 821. Ck>ld, greatest artificial, 187. saturated solution, 99. -bhortness in iron. 818. Collodion balloons maoe, 502. cotton, 601. Ck>lopliene, 464. C!olophony, 464. Coloured tires, 164. Colouring-matters, animal, 595. vegetable, 591. ColumbiUy 388. Columbiuni, 388. Colza oil, 671. Combination by volume, 84. definition, 1. Combined carbon in ca8t-in>n, 806. Combining proportions, 628. Combustibles and supporters, reciprocity of, 37, 102. Combustion, acetylene formed in, 89. definition, 22. formation of carbonic acid in, . 69. •furnace, 81. in air, definition, 22. in confined air, 73. in oxygen, 22. temperature of, 426. Common salt, NaCl, 261. Composition and constitution, 462. Compound and mixture, distinction, 57. definition, 1. Compressed gases, 37. Concrete, 409. Condenser, Liebig's, 60. CondurriUf 240. Condy's disinfecting fluid, 326. Coniine, 529. constitution, 535. Constitution of salts, 261. Converting furnace, 314. Converting vessel, Bessemer's, 312. Cooking, 607. Copal, 467. Copper, Cu, 333. acetylide, 90. action of nitric acid on, 188. on ammonia and air, 8^. on water, 12. alloys of, 340. amalgam, 366. ammonio-sulphate, 848. Anglesea, 33/. arscnite, 244. basic acetate, 555. carlHjnates, 333, 844. phosphates, 844. best selected, 335. blistered, 336. chlorides, 344. cleaned, 342. detected in lead, 852. dry, 336. effect of impurities on, 888. phosphorus on^SSS. sea- water on, 9S9. electric conductivity of, 888 electrotype, 888. extraction in laboratory, 887. fusing point, 839. alanee, CucS, 888. hydimted oxide, 842. ^dride^m , Jjtubt Sujftfiotf 888. lead in, 887. metaUurgy of, 888. moss, 886. native, 838. ore, ffrey, 888. red, 333. variegated, 883. ores, 333. fusion for coarse metal, 384. white metal, 835. roasting, 333. treatment of, for silver, 859. overpoled, 337. oxide, CuO, 841. oxides, 341. oxychloride, 339, 344. peacock, 333. pentasulphide, 845. phosphide, 287, 345. poling or toughening, 886. precipitated, 90. properties of, 339. pyriiM, CuFeS,, 333. quadrant-oxide, 842. reduced by hydrogen, 87. refining, 336. rose, 337. sand, 333. separated from silver, 860. silicates, 344. smelting, composition of products from, 337. smelting, summary of, 833. smoke, 334. Spanish, 388. subchloride, Cu^CL, 844. suboxide, Cu^, 3-^. subsulphide, Cu.S, 345. snlphate, CnO.SOa, 842. action of heat on, 212. in bread, 490. sulphides, 845. tinning, 340, 381. tough-cake, 337. tough-pitch, 336. underpoled, 337. verdigris, 340. vessels for cooking, 389. with aluminum. 2^. Copperas, FeO.SO,, 822. blue, 342. CoprolOe, 223, 231. OMiuimbiU, 822. Coral, 277. Corn-flour, 481. (Jorpse-light in coal-mines. 98. Corrosive sublimate, HgCf,, 868. antidote to, 868. antiseptic properties, 869. Corundum, 287. Cotton, 460. and wool, separation of, 609. dissolved by ammonio-capric solu- tions, 812. 640 INDEX. Cr, chromium, 829. Crackers, detonating, 442. Cream, 599. Cream of tartar, 257, 576. Creasote, 455, 467. Crenic acid, 619. Cress, essential oil of, 474. Cresylic acid, CtHjO, 457. CrOj, chromic acid, 330. Cr^Oj, sesquioxide of chromium, 330. Crocus of antimony, 874. Crookes' discovery of thallium, 858. Crosa-stanef 184. Crotonic acid, 567. Crow-fig, 589. Crucibles, 407. black lead, 61. graphite, 61. CryoliUj 266. Crystalline lens, 604. (>ystallisation, 89. Crystals from the leaden chambers, 204. CSt, bisulphide of carbon, 216. Cu, copper, 333. CuCL, cupric chloride, 344. CuoCls, cuprous chloride, 844. Cudbear, 593. Cumidine, 534. Cuminic acid, HCj.HuOs, 471. alcohol, doO. Cummin, essential oil, 471. Cumyle, 471. hydride, 471. Cumylene, 537. diamine, 587. CuO, oxide of copper, 841. CuO.SO,, sulphate of copper, 842. Cupel-furnace, 351. Cupellation on the large scale, 851. small scale, 352. Cupric acid, 842. chloride, CuCI,, 844. oxide, CuO, 841. Cupros-acetyle, chloride, 90. oxide, 90. Cuprous acetylide, preparation, 89. chloride, Cu,Cl^ 844. ammoniacal, 844. solution, preparation, 90. oxide, CujO, 842. Curarine, 589. Curcumine, 598. C^rdofmilk, 601. Curing animal matters, 626. Current, electric, 4. CuS, sulphide of copper, 845. Cj'ameliae, 487. Cyanic acid, hydrated, 487. ether. 531. Cyanide of phosphorus, 488. potassium, KCN, 485. commercial, 486. from blast furnaces, 436. Cyanides of alcohol -radicals, 520. Cyanine, 591. Cyanogen, CN, 486. chlorides, 438. compounds, 481. preparation, 485. solution, metamorphoaiB of, 486. Cyannric add, 438, 610. Cy-Fe, ferrocyanogen, 482. Cylinder-charcoal, 62, 414. Cymole, C,oH,^ 460, 466. Dadtle, 464. hydrochlorate, 464. Damaluric acid, 567. Daturine, 529. Davy-lamp, 97. Deacon's chlorine process, 145. Dead head, 382. Dead oil of coal-tar, 447. Decav, 69. Decolorising by charcoal, 64. Decomposing-cell, 4. Decomposition, definition, 1. Definition of acid salt, 254. alcohol, 506. atomic heat, 283. basic salt, 2i54. normal salt, 254. salt, 253. Deflagrating collar, 24. spoon, 24. Deflagration, 412. Dehydration, 42. Deli(^uescence, 42. Density, absolute, 417. apparent, 41 7. Deodorising by charcoal, 64. chlorine, 152. Dephlogisticated muriatic acid, 152. Derbysnire spar, 181 Desilverising lead, 349. Destructive distillation, definition, 62. Detonating tubes, 163. Devitrification, 404. Dextrine, C,H„0^, 481. Dextrotartaric acid, 579. Dhil mastic, 355. Diacetiue, 555. Diacid diamines, 536. Dialysis, 111. Diamines, 536. aromatic, 537. Diamond, 58. ash of, 60. combustion of, 59. dust, 60. glazier's, 60. Diamylamme, 533. Diaspare, 288. Diastase, 483. Diathermanous, 217. Diatomic elements, 158. Diazoamido-benisole, 454. Dichloracetic acid, 555. Dichloraniline, 540. Dichlorhydrine, 565. Didymium, Di, 292. Diet, regulation of, 624. Diethacetic acid, 560. ether, 560. Diethoxalic acid, 553. Diethylamine, NH(C,H,)^ 532. Diethyl-diethylene-diamine, 636. Diethylene-diamine, NsH3(C,H«)^ 536. •diammonium, hydrate of, 536. -diethyl-triamine, 537. -trialcohol, 554. •triamine, 587. •triammonium, trichloride, 6S8L F INDEX. 641 DiethyLdncamine, 543. Diflfiisibility of gases, definitioD, 15. law of, 16. measurement of, 17. rate of, 16. Diffusion- tube, 17. Digestion, 621. Dimetliacetic (butyric) ether, 559. Dimethoxalic acid, 553. Dimethylamine, 533. Dimorphous, 60. JHnas Jire-bricks, 407. Dinitraniline. 540. Dinitrobenzole, 134. Dinitro-diphenylamine, 534. Dicenanthylene-diamylamine, 546. IHoptase, 344. Dipnenylaminc, 534. Diphenyl-benzoylamine, 534. -diethylene-diamine, 536. •guanidine, 537. •urea, 611. Diplatinamine, 3d3. Diplatosamine, 392. hydrate, 39*2. hydrochlorate, 392. sulphate, 392. Dischaige in calico-printing, 152, 597. Disinfectant, MacDouffall's, 456. Disinfecting by chloride of lime, 152. chlorine, 152. ferric clUoride, 322. manganates, 325. Disinfecting fluid, Burnett's, 297. Condy's, 326. Disintegration of rocks, 77. Disodacetic ether, 559. Displacement, collection of gas by, 18. Dissociation of sal-ammoniac, 270. yennilion vapour, 371. Distillation, 49. definition of, 49. destructive, 62. dry, 62. fractional, 448. Distilled sulphur, 189. water, 49. Dithionic (hyposulphuric) acid, 215. Ditoluylamine, 534. Dceglic acid, 567. Z)o^omtto,MgO.Ca0.2CO„ 280. Dough, 488. Downcast shaft, 75. Dryers, 572. Drying ^ases, 42. m vacuo, 209. oils, 572. over oil of vitriol, 209. Ductility of copper, 839. Dung as manure, 616. -substitute, 245, 268. Dutch liquid, C^H^C!^ 92. action of chlorine on, 167. Dutch metal in chlorine, 146. Dyad elements, 158. Dyeing, 595. Earthenwasb, 407. Earths, alkaline, 282. proper, 284. Ebonite, 476. Eoonomico-fnmace for lead-smelting, 348. Effervescence, 76."^ EfiBorescence, 41. Eggs, 606. Egg shells, 70, 606. Elaene, 509. Elaidic acid, 564. Elaldehyde, 547. £lba iron ore, 800. Electrical amalgam, 866. Electroffildin^ 400. Electrolysis, definition. 6. of hydrochloric acid, 156. of water, 4. Electro-negative elements, 6. Electroplatinj^, 361. Electro-positive elements, 6. Element, definition, 1. Elements, non-metallic, general review, 249. Elemi resin, 467. EUagic acid, 583. BmbolUe, 363. Emerald. 291. Emery, 287. Emetics, 577. Emetine, 529. Empirical formulae, 82. Empirical and rational formulae, 462. Empvreumatic, 465. Emnlsine, 469. Enamel glass, 405. Endosmose, 608. English sulphuric acid, 205. Epsom salts, 280. Equivalent, definition, 10. Erbium, 291. Erucic acid, 567. Erythric add^ 593. Eiytiirite, 594. Esculetine, 473. Esculine, 473. Essence of almonds, 468. turpentine, 464. Essential oUs containing sulphur, 473. extraction of, 465. Ethal, C|«H,«0, 573. Ethalic acid, 578. Ether, {Cfi,)fi, 510. chemical constitution, 517. decomi)osition by heat, 89. water-type view, 518. Etheiification, continuous, 510. theory of, 517. Ethers, derivation from alcohols, 507. double, 517. perfuming and flavouring. 545. Ethylamine, NHtCOH.), 531, 538. Ethylammonia or etnylia, 531. EthylanUine, 534. Ethylate of potash, 518. soda, 518* zinc, 524. Ethyl-codyl-ammonium, hydrate of, 585. Ethyle, Cfi„ 512. Ethyle-ounyle, 513. •butyle, 513. cyanide, 520. •glucose, 494. hydride, 581. hypothesis, 514. io^de, 512. kakodyle, 525. orthocarbonate, 516. 2s 642 INDEX. Ethyle subcarbonate, 516. siUphide, 519. Ethylene, C.H«, 92. bioromide, 536. diamine. NsH,(C-H4), 536. hexethyl-diphospnonium, liydrate of, 539. oxide, 551. Ethylformiate of soda, 558. Ethylic alcohol, 509. bromide, 511. chloride, 511. ether, 510. iodide, 512. fithyl-inethyl-phenylamine, 534. -area, 611. nicotyl-ammoniom, hydrate of, 535. Ethylo-platammonium, hydrate of, 540. tolaidine, 534. Ethyloxamide, 541. Ethyl-urea, 611. Eacnlorine, 166. Eudiometer, Cavendish's, 82. etymoloey, 32. siphon, 34. lire's, 34. Eudiometric analysis of air, 34. marsh-gas, 106. Eaodic acid, 507. Knphorbiam, 475. Eupione, 463. Eapyrion matches, 166. Evemic acid, 593. Excretion, 623. Explosion of hydrogen and oxygen, 31. Explosions in coal-mines, 95. F, FLUOBINE, 181. Fagotting, 811. Fallowing, 617. Fast colours, 595. Fa,ia, 570. table of, 574. Fatty acid series, 507. Fatty acids, preparation, 563. Fey, ferrocyanogen, 432. Fe, iron, 298. Fe,Cl«, perchloride of iron, 322. Fe^Fcys, Prussian blue, 432. FekUi>ar, 285. potash-j/^, soda-, 290. Fennel, essential oil of, 471. FeO, protoxide of iron, 320. Fe,0|, peroxide of iron, 321. FeiPij magnetic oxide of iron, 321. FeO. SO], protosulphate of iron, 822. Fermentation, 69. acetous, 487. alcoholic, 485. airested by sulphurous acid, kc., 201. production of carbonic acid in, 69. viscous, 487. Ferric acid, 821. chloride, 822. molecular formula, 823. oxide, 8214 sulphate, 822. Ferricum, 828. Fcrricyanogen (ferridcyanogen), CyJE^, 488. Ferrocyanates, 481. Ferrocyanic acid, 481. Ferrocyanide of potassium, K^Cj^Fe, 432. action of sal^ ghoric acid on, 6. Ferrocyanop^en, CyeFe, 482. Ferrosofemc oxide, 821. Ferrosnm, 323. Ferrous oxide, 320. sulphate, 322. Ferruretted chyazic acid, 431. FeS,, iron pynUs, 189. Fibrine, blood-, 605. extracted from blood, 603. muscle-. 606. vegetoble, 488. Fibroine. 609. Fibrous bar-iron, 313. Filtration, 64. Finery-cinder, 2FeO.SiOs, 808. Fire-bricks, 407. Fiw-clay, 285. Fire-damp, 95. conditions of inflammation, 06. indicator, 95. Fire, white, compnosition for, 248. Fires, blue flame in, 84. coloured, 164. Fish oils, 563. shells, 70. Fixing photographic prints, 214. Flcufs, Yorkshire, 407. Flake-white, 873. Flame, analysis of by siphon, 102. blowpipe, 105. cause of liuninosity in, 99. definition of, 99. eflisctof atmospheric pressure on, 104. oxygen on, 106. wire-gauze on, 97. ex}>erimental study of, 100. extinction by gases, 72. extinguished by carbonic acid, 72. good conductors, 97. gases in, 100. nature of, 99. oxidising, 105. reducing, 105. relation of fuel to, 104. separation of carbon in, 101. structure of, 99. supply of air to, 108. Flames, simple and compound, 99. smoKy, 104. FUsk, to make a three-necked, 102. Flesh, 606. composition of, 607. juice of, 606. mint, 109. and steel, 110. Flints dissolved, 267. Florence flask, 81. Floss-hole, 809. Flour, proximate analysis of, 488. Flowers bleached by sulphurous acid, 200. Fluoboric acid, 186. Fluorescence, 478, 586. Fluoric acid, HF, 181. Fluoride of oaloium, 181. silicon, 184. Fluorides, 188. |NDRX. 643 Fluorine, F, 181. attempts to iBoIate, 183. Fluor-spar, CaF, 181. Flux, Bamn^'s, 412. in iron smelting, 303, 304. Food, effect of, upon respiration, 624. exportation, 625. plastic constituents of, 624. preservation of, 626. respiratory constituents of, 624. Forge-iron, 307. Formamide. 541. Formic acid, HCHO,, 507, 557. Formonitrile, 541. Formulae, additive, 83. calculation of, 82. empirical and rational, 462. substitutive, 83. Formylamine, hydriodate of, 435. Forroyl-diplienyl-diamine, 686. Formyle, CH, 544. terchloride of, 544. Fouling of guns, 423. Foundry-iron, 307. Fousel-oil, 505. Fowler's solution, 244. Fractional distillation, 448. Frankincense, 475. FrankliniUy ZnO.Fe.Oj, 321. Fret-stone, 407. Freezing-apparatus, 123. in red-hot crucible, 199. mixtures, 124, 135, 270. of water, 51. with bisulphide of carbon, 217. French chalk, 279. Friction-tubes, 163. composition for, 163. Fructose, C^HuO,, 491. Fruits, ripening of, 619. Fuel, calculation of calorific intensity, 426. ▼alue, 425. chemistry of, 425. practical applications of, 426. Fuels, comx)osition of, 429. illuminating, composition of, 104. FtdUr's earth, 285. Fulminic acid, 440. Fulminate of mercury, CsHgN.Os, 439. action ofhydrochlorip acid on, 442. preparation, 439. properties, 440. silver, 441. Fulminates, chemical constitution, 442. double, 442. Fulminating gold, ^1. platinum, 391. silver, 362. Fumaric acid, 580. Fumigating with chlorine, 152. sulphurous aciii, 201. Fuming sulphuric acid, 208. Fumitory, o80. Funnel-tube, 13. Fur in kettles, 41. Furfuramide, 558. Furfurine, 558. Furfurole, C«H40., 568. Furnace, charooaC H^* regenerative, 429. reverberatory, 809. Furnace, Sefirtrdm's, 320. Furnaces, theory of. 426. waste of heat in, 429. Fused common salt, 115. Fusible alloy, 297. Fusing-points of fats, 574. Fusion, 112. Fustic, 592. Fuze, Abel's, 346. Armstrong percussion, 230. Gadolinile, 291. Gkdbanum, 475. Galena, PbS, 346. Gallic acid, 583. Gall-nuts, 581. Galvanic battery, 4. Galvanised iron, 292. Gamboge, 475. Gangue, 804. Garancine, 592. Garlic, essence, artificial production, 474. essential oil of, 4/4. Garnet, 290. Gas, air vitiated by, 74. •burner, Bunsen's rosette, 50. ring, 60. smokeless, 103. •carbon, 446. composition of, 108. -cylinder, 19. -holder, 59. valuation of, 103. -jar, 24. manufacture of, 444. Gaseous hydrocarbons, analysis of, 106. Gases, dilnision of, 15. expansion by heat, 421. in waters, 43. Gsstric juice, 621. Gkultheria, oil of, 462. » Gauze burner, 104. Gaylussite, 277. Gedge's metal, 340. Geic acid, 619. Gelatine, 60a German silver, 340. Germination, 482, 617. Geysers, 110. GUding, 400. porcelain, 406. Gin, 504. Gl, gludnum, 291. Glass, 403. bottle, 404. coloured, 404. composition of, 403. corrosion by hydrofluoric acid,' 183. crown, 404. decolorised, 405. etched, 188. flint, 404. -gall, 404. manufacture ot 403. of antimony, 3/7. plate, 404. plate perforated, 205. •pots, 407. suTered, 361. window, 403. GlauberUe,2SS. Glauber's salt, 144. 644 INDEX. Glaze for earthenware, 406 Glazier's diamond, 60. Globoline, 604. Glonoine, 568. Glucic acid, 494. Glucina, 291. aeparation from alumina, 291. Glnciniun, Gl, 291. Glucose, C.HuG^ 482. artinciaL 490. stearic, 568. Glucoflides, 471. Gluco-tartaric acid, 568. Glue, 608. Gluten, 488. varieties of, 489. Glutine, 488. Glyceric acid, 558. alcohol, 566. ether: 566. Glycerides, 565. Glycerine, C,H,Og, 566. converted into glycol, 566. extraction of, 565. properties, 566. soap, 568. triatomic, 554. Glyceryle, C,H« 554. GlycochoUc add, 622. Glycocoll (dycocine), C,H,NO«, 609. Glycogen. oSKL Glycol, (4h,0„ 550. aoetobutyrate of, 551. aldehyde of, 552. binacetate of, 550. chlorhydrine of, 551. converted into alcohol, 554. monacetate of. 551. Glycolic acid, HCaH,0„ 551. Glycols, 550. Glycyrrhizine, 495. Glyozal, 552. Gneiss, 290, Gold, Au. 896. and sodium, hyposulphite, 401. assay by cupeUation, 899. coin, 899. crucible, 401. dissolved, 172. extracted from old silver, 898. extraction, 897. fulminating, 401. identification of, 183. in chlorine, 146. lace cleaned, 486. treatment of, 899. leaf. 400. oxides of, 401. physical propertiecL 400. protochloride, AuQ, 401. refining, 898. removu of mercury from, 866. ruby, 228, 400. separated fh)m silver and copper, standard, 899. specific gravity of, 899. sulphides of, 402. terchloride, AuCl„ 401. testing, 899. threap 400. Goulard's extract, 555. Gradational relmtiona of elements, 186, % 282. Grains, brewers', 484. ChunaiiU. 184. Onuute, 285. disinteffnatioii of, 285. Granitic rocks, 257. Granulated zinc, 13. Grape-husks, 508. juice, 508. sugar, C,Hi40p 482. compositioii, 494b distineiiiflhed from ome-siur 490. Grapes, colouring matter of, 591. OraphUe, 58. ash of, 61. Graphite crucibles, 61. in cast-iron, 61, 806. uses of, 61. Grease removed from clothes, 450. Green, arsenicaL 244. borate of chromiom, 831. Brunswick, 844. chrome, 330. colour of plants, 591. fire, composition for, 164. flame of Wyta, 276. boracic acid, 117. copper, 844. thalliiun, 358. malaehiU, 844. mineral, 844. Rinman's, 328. salt of Magnus, 892. vitriol, 322. Orep copper ore, 338. Grey iron, 306. mdbe2 ofv: 328. powder, 865. Gristle, 608. Grotto del Cane, 71. Grough saltpetre, 409. Groups of non-metallic elements, 249. Grove's battery, 4. Guaiacum resin, 467. Guanidine. 537. OuanUe, 281. Guano, 612, 616. Guelder rose, 560. Gum Arabic, 477. BritUh. 481. Senegal, 478. tra^acanth, 478. Gum-resms, 475. Gums, 477. Gun-cotton, CA(NCL),0^ 495. compared witheonpowder, composition, 497. equation of explosion, 499. in mining, 500. Karolyi's experiments on, 4 manufacture, 496. objections to, 499, 601. prenaration on the small sc products of explosion, 498. properties. 500. pulp, Abel's, 497. reconversion, 497. Gun-metal, 340, 381. INDEX. 645 Gun-paper, 495. Gunpowder, 409. calculation of force, 420. collection of gasen from, 418. composition, variationa in. 419. dusting, 416. effect of pressure on explosion of, 424. equation of explosion, 419. examination of, 417. facing, 416. glazing, 416. granulating or coming, 416. neat of combustion, ^. hygroscopic character, 417. incorporation, 415. influence of size of grain, 423. manufacture, 415. mechanical effect, 422. preparation in the laboratory, pressing, 416. products of explosion, 418. slow combustion, 418. properties, 417. Hmoke, 423. specific heat of products from, 421. temperatore of combustion, 421. volume of gas from^ 419. white, 164. Gutta percha, 477. Gypsum, 278. H, Htdrooen.12. Haemateine, 592. Haematine, 604. UannaHU, broum, 300. red. Pe,Oa, 299. Hffimatosine, 604. Haematoxyline, 592. Hair, 609. Hair-dye, 355, 362. Halogen, definition of, 26. Halogens, general review of, 186. Haloid salts, 26, 186. Hammer-slag, 310. Hard metal. 381. Hardness, degrees of, 47. permanent, 47. temporary, 47. Hard water, 44. Harrogate water, 49. Hartshorn, spirit of. 123. Hausmannite, Mn,0^ 325. HBr, hydrobromic acid, 174. HCl, hydrochloric acid, 153. HCy, hydrocyanic acia, 433. Heat and temperature, 426. atomic, 9. ravs separated fh>m light, 177, 217. relation to chemical attraction, 28. specific, .9. Heath^s patent (steel), 316. Heating of hayncks, 67. Heat of combustion of hydrocarbons, 426. Heat-units, 425. Heavy-lead ore, PbO^, 355. spar, BaO.SOi, 274i Hemihedral crystals, 579. Hemming's jet, 97. Hepatic waters, 49. HP, hydrofluoric acid, 18L 2HP.SiF4, hydrofluo-siUcic acid, 185. Hg, mercury, 364. HgCl^ mercuric chloride, 368. HgCl, mercurous chloride, 3^. HgO. mercuric oxide, 367. Hg/;, mercurous oxide^ 367. HgO. N,Oc mercuric mtrate, 368. HgJD.N.O., mercurous nitrate. 367. HgS, sulphide of mercury, 370. Hg^, mercurous sulphide, 370. HI, hydriodic acid, 179. Hippuric acid, HC^NO„ 613. artificial formation, 613. extraction from cow's urine, 613. H,0, water, 4. H,0|, peroxide of hydr(M;en, 51. HomcM^eous metal, 318. Homologous series, 454. Honey, 49L Hoofs, 609. Hops, 484. essential oil of, 465. Hornblende, 290. Horn-lead, 357. -silver, 863. Horns, 609. Horse-chestnut bark, 473. •hair inflamed by nitric acid, 134. •radish, essential oil of, 473. H^O.SOv hydrated sulphuric acid, 202. Hot blast, theonr of, 4S7. bhist iron, 303. saturated solution, 89. H,S, hydrosulphuric acid, 194. Humic acid, 6l9. Humus, 619. Hyacinth, 292. Hydramrum cum cretd, 865. Hydrated acids, 42. bases, 42. Hydrate of lime, CaO.H,0, 42. potash, K«O.H,0, 42. Hydrates, S9. Hydraulic cements. 408. main, 444. Hydrides of alcohol-radicals, 514. Hydrlodate of iwtash, 180. Hydriodic acid, HI, 179. gas, i^reparation, 179. reducing properties, 179. solution, preparation, 179. ether, 512. ffydroboracOe, 281. Hydrobromic acid, HBr, 174. ether, 511. Hydrocarbons, 88. heat of combustion of, 426. turpentine-series, 465. Hydrochloric add, HO, 153. absorption by water, 154. action of heat on, 155. action on metallic oxidet, 156. action on metals, 155. nitric acid, 172. plants, 155. analysis of, 156. 646 INDEX. Hydrochloric aoid, conmosition by volume, decomposed by the bat- tery. 148, 166. from alkali-works, 154. cas, preparstioii of, 153. uquid, 155. molecular weight, 157. properties, 153. pure, preparation of, 154. syntnesis of, 147. ▼aluation of, 154. yellow, 154. Hydrochlorio ether, 511. gas, dry, preparation, 155. Hydrocyanic^acid, HCN, 438. anhydrous, 434. Liebig's test for, 437. synthesis, 91. ether, 520. Hjrdrocyan-roBaniline, 453. Hydroferricyanic acid, BLCy^Fe, 438. Hydroferrocyanic acid, ^4Cy,Fe, 483. Hydrofluoboric acid, 186. Hydrofluoric acid, HF, 181. action on metals, 182. silica, 183. Hydrofluo-silidc acid, 2HFvSiF4, 185. decomposed by lieat, 185. Hydrogen, H, 12. and arsenic, 245. carbon, 88. sulphur, 194. binoxide^ 51. calorifiomtensity calculated, 427. value, 20, 425. chemical properties, 18. relations, 38. determination, in gases, 34. displaced by sodium, 11. etymology of, 18. experiments with, 14. flame, 20. identification of, 6. peroxide, 51. persulphide, 198. phosphides, 236. physical properties, 14. poured up through air, 15. preparation with iron, 12. zinc, 13. purification, 37. selenietted, 221. sulphuretted, 194. Hydrogenium, 39. Hydrokinone, 586. Hydronitroprussic acid, 439. Hydroselemc acid, H^, 221. Hydrosulphocarbonic acid. 219. Hydrosulphocvanic acid, HCyS, 437. Hydrosnlphunc acid, H,S, 194. action on iodine, 179. metallic chlorides, 197. oxides, 196. solutions of metals, 197. sulphurous acid, 216. disposal of. 195. liquefied, 198. preparation. 194. production in waters, 213. solution of, 195. Hydrotttlphttric add, teat for, 197. use in analjaisy 197. ether: 519. Hydrotelluric acid, %Te, 222. Hydrozylamine, NH,0, 184, 515. Hyoscyamine, 529. Hypobromous add, 174. Hypochlorite of lime, OaO.^O, 15L Hypochlorous add, ul^O, 160. action on aal-ammoniac, 171. Hypogeic add, 567. Hyiranitric acid^ 140. Hyponitrous acid, 189. Hypophosphites, 285. Hypophosphorous add, 235. Hyposulphates, 215. Hyposulphindigotic add^ 595. Hyposulphite ci soda, Na,S,0^ 218. and percmoride of iron, 216. decomposed by adds, 214. decomposed b7lieat,215. Hyposulphites, 218. constitution of, 215. Hyproeulphuric (dithionio) acid, 215. Hyposulpnurous add, 218. formed from sulphur- ous add, 215. I, lODDfS, 175. Ice, 51. Iceland 9]xu; CaO.CO„ 277. Illuminating gas from water, 85. Imides, 542. constitution of, 542. Imidogen, NH, 542. Incorporating mill, 415. Incrustation on charcoal, 106. Incrustations in boilers, 45. Indian fire. 248. Indican, 594. Indifferent oxides, 27. Indigo, action of chlorine on, 150. blue, C.H«NO, 594. copper. CuS, 845. red, 594. reduced, 594. vat, preparation, 694. white, Cf,H^O, 594. Indigotine, 595. Indium, 297. oxide, 298. Induction coil, 6. tube, Siemens*, 52. Ink, 581. blue, 432. from logwood, 592. red^ 592. stains removed, 160. vanadium, 388. Inorganic substances, definition, 8. Inosite, C,Hi,0^ 607. Instantaneous light, 390. Intensity and quantity, electric, 6. Introduction, 1. Intumescence, 267. lodates, 178. Iodic acid, I,Oj, 178. Iodide of ethyle, 512. nitrogen, 180. INDEX. 647 Iodide of potassium, 180. silver, Agl, 863. Iodine, 1, 175. action on ammonia, 180. potash, 176. and starcli, 177. bromides, 180. chloride, JO. 180. etymology of, 175. extraction from sea-weed, 175. identified, 176. oxides, 178. terchloride, IC1„ 180. test for, 177. tincture of, 177. Iodised starch paper, 58. Iodoform, 544. Iridium, Ir, 395. ammoniochloride, 895. •black, 895. chlorides, 896. oxides, 395. Iron, Fe, 298. action of adds on, 320. air of towns on, 292. hydrochloric acid on, 156. on water, 12. amalgam, 366. and carbon, 806. and oxygen, 26. and pot^ium, ferrocyanide, 438. bar-, 811. basic persulphate, 203. bisulphide, 800. black oxide, 321. bright, 306. burnt in bisulphide of carbon flame. 218. carbonate^ 800. cast, 805. chemical properties, 320. chlorides, 822. cold short, 813. cyanide, FeCN, 438. diatomic, 823. equivalent and atomic weights, 323. extraction in the laboratory, 819. ferricyanide, 438. fibre in, 818. galvanised. 292. glance, 300. grey, 306. group of metals, general review, 332. homogeneous, 318. in blood, 604. in zinc, 295. iodide, 180. magnetic oxide. Fe|04, 321. metalluigy, 300. mottled, 806. •mould, 320, 581. occurrence in nature, 298. of antiauity, 818. ores, 298. British, comi)os{tion, 299. calcining or roasting, 301. oxides, 820. passive state of, 820. perchloride, Fe,Cl«. 822. peroxide, Fe^O,, 821. persulphate, Te.0,.3S0v 322, phospnates, 222. Iron, phosphorus in. 818. plates cleansed, 881. protochloride, 822. proto-sesquioxide, 821. proto-sulphate, 322. uses, 822. protoxide, FeO, 27, 820. prussiate, 432. pure, preparation of, 820. purification, 307. pyrites, FeS^189, 800. pyrophoric, 27, 87. red oxide, 821. red short, 818. refining, 807. rust, ammonia in, 128. rusting of, 820. tand, dOO. scales, 810. scuif, 407. separation from manganese, 826. sesquichloride, 822. sesquiferrocyanide, 482. sesqni-iodide, 181. sesquioxide, 27. sesquisulphate, 822. smelting, English method, 801. specular, 800. steely, 814. sulphate, action of heat on, 212. nitric add on, 188. sulphide, preparation, 194. sulphuret, 194. sulphur in. 813. tincture ok 822. tinned, 380. triatomic, 828. useful properties o^ 800. ■ variation in strength of, 813. white, 806. vrire, composition, 811. works of tne Pyrenees, 818. wrought or bar, composition, 811. direct extraction, 818. manufacture, 307. Fserine, 885. Isethionic acid, 622. Isinglass. 608. Isocumole. 445. Isodimorpnism, 875. of antimonious oxide and arsenious add, 250. Isomerism, 462. explanation of, 458. Isomorphism. 343. Isoprene, 476. Isotartaric add, 577. Isoterebenthene, 464. Ivory-black, 65. Jatbofhins, 481. Jellies, fruit, 619. JeUy, 60& Jet for burning gases, 18. Jeweller's rouge, 821. Juice of sugar-cane, 492. Juniper, essential oil of, 465. K, F0TA88IUM, 257. Kakodyle, €LH«As, 521. cnemical constitution of, 622. chloride, 521. 648 INDEX. Kakodyle^ cjranide^ 522. oxide, 521. series, 521. Kakodylic acid, 522. Kaolin, 285. Kapnomor, 460, 4<{3. Karolyi's experiments on gunpowder, 418. KCl, chloride of potassium, 260. 2KCI,PtCl4r plaunochloride of potassium, 892. KCIO, chlorate of potash, 101. K^CO„ carbonate of potash, 257. KCy, cyanide of potassium. 435. KCyO, cyanate of potash, 437. KCy3, snlphocyamde of potassium, 437. Kelp, 175. Kermes mineral, 878. Kernel roasting, 845. Ketones, 548. K4Fcy, ferrocyanide of potassium, 482. K^dcy, ferricyanide of potassium, 437. KUCO,, bicarbonate of potash, 260. KHO, caustic potash, 258. KHSO^ bisulphate of potash, 211. KI, iodide of potassium, 180. Kid, 582. Kin^s yellow, 248. Kimc acid, 585. Kino, 584. Kinone, C«H40|, 586. Kirschwasser, 504. Kish, 61. Klumene, 89. KMnO^, permanganate of potash, 825. KNOsi saltpetre or nitre, 409, K,0, potash. 258. K^O.UrOa, chromate of potash, 330. K«0.2CrO„ bichromate of potash, 330. Kola nut. 587. K,O.Sb,0«, antimoniate of potash, 375. Koumiss, oOO. Kreasote, 456, 626. Kieatine, C AN.Os, 606. extraction fh)m flesh, 606. Kreatinine, Cfi^Nfi, 606. Kresyle, 457. Krosylic acid. CLH.O, 457. Krupp's steel, 818. KryoUie, Na^F„ 183. K^, sulphide of potassium, 260. ^p/enuckd, NiAs, 828. Kyamsing wood, 620. Lao, 467. 595. seed, 467. stick, 467. Lacquer, 467. Lacquenng, 841. Lactarine. 601. Lactic acid, HC,H,Op 652, 699. converted into butyric, 659. propionic, 600. preparation, 600. anhyuricie, 600. fermentation, 599. series of acids, 552 Lactide, 600. Lactine, C«H.|0«, 602. Lactometer^ 602. Laevotartanc acid, 579 Laffunes, boradc, 116. IjaKtf«i, alumina, 288 Lamp, action explained, 100. -black, 61. without flame, 390. LanarkiUf 357. Lanthaniura, La, 292. Lapis Lazulif 290. Laid, 578. Laughing gas, 136. Laurel water, 434, 470. Laurent's doctrine of substitution, 457. nomenclature, 457. Laurie acid, 507. alcohol, 505. LauriU, 395. Law of definite proportions, 8. multiple proportions, 142. Lead, Pb, 346. aoetote, Pb(C,H,O.V|, 555. action of acids on, 353. sulphuric acid on, 207. on water, 12, 48. amalgam, 366. argentiferous, 849. basic carbonate, 355. chromate, 330. binoxide, 355. calcining, 348. carbonate, native, 857. chloride, PbCl« 857. chlorosulphide, 858. chromate, PbO.CrOs, 330. dichromate, 330. extraction in the laboratory, 352. fusing point of, 846. -glazed earthenware, 407. hard, 348. hydiated oxide, 854. improving process, 848. in cider, sc, 853. iodide, Pbl^ 178, 857. malate, 580. metallurgic chemistry, 847. molybdate, 887. ores, 346. oxide, use of, in glass, 404. oxides, 354. oxychloride. 857. peroxide, PbOj, 855. phosphate. 85/. plaster, 566. protoxide, PbO, 354. pyrophorus, 854. selemde, 35^. smelting, 347. Spanish, 849. specific gravity, 846. sulphate, PbO.SOs, 3^» ^7. sulphides, 857. tartrate, preparation, 354. tribasic acetate, 655. uses, 852. vanadiate, 888. Lead-vUriol, PbO.SO„ 857. Leaden cisterns, duiger, 48. coflins, corrosion, 353. LeadhilliU, 357. Leather, 581 Leaven, 4^. Leaves, formation of, 618. Lecanoric acid, £^3. Leeks, essential oil of, 473. Fjegnmine, 601. INDEX. 649 Lemery's volcano, 193. Lemons, essential oil of, 465. Lepargylic acid, 571. LcpidoliU, 271. Leucaniline, 452. triphenvlic, 453. Leucic acid, HC.Hi|0|, 552. Leucine, aHjaNO,, 617. Leucone, ll5, 170. U, lithium, 271. LibetheniU, 344. Lichens, colouring matter from, 593. Liebi^s condenser, 50. Life, its extremes meet, 627. Light, action on chloride of silver, 214. •rays separated from heat, 177, 217. Light carburetted hydrogen, 94. oil of coal-tar, 447. Limine, 459. Lignite, 67. composition, 429. Lime, CaO, 277. action on soils, 616. a^cultural uses, 616. bicarbonate, 45. bimalate, 580. burning, 277. carbonate, CaO.CO,, 277 in waters, 45 fat, 278. hydrate, CaO.H,0, 278. hypochlorite, 151. hyposuljihite, 198. kUns, 278. -light, 38. lactate, 600. overbumt, 278. oxalate, Caao^, 575. platinate, 391. poor, 278. purifier, 445. 'Stone, CaO.COj, 277. snlphate, CaO.SO, 278. superphosphate, v2i. test for^76. water, 278. Linen, 460. Linoleic acid, 572. Linseed, 478. oil, 572. hoUed, 572. Lipic acid, 571. Liquation of ai]^tiferouB copper, 859. Liquor ammonias, 120. sanguinis, composition, 604. Liquorice root, 495. Litharge, PbO, 854. liithia, 272. carbonate, 272. -mica, 271. phosphate, 272. Lithlc (uric^ acid, 612. Lithium, Li, 271. blowpipe test for, 272. Litmus, 593. commercial, 594. paper, 22. Loadstone, Fe,04, 27, 300. Loam, 285. Logwood, 592. Looking-glasses silvered, 866. Lucifer matches, 164, 229. Lucifer matches tipped with 8ulphu|r, 226. Luminosity of flames, 99. Lunar caustic, 362. Lupuline, 484. Luteoline, 592. Luting for crucibles, 294. iron joints, 198. Madder, 592. Magenta, 451. Magic Lantern, oil for, 466. Magnesia, MgO, 279. ammonio-phosphate, 281. arsenite, 244. borate, 281. calcined, 281. carbonate, 281. citrate, 580. hydrate, 281. hydrauUc, 281. medicinal, 281. phosphate, 281. silicates, 281. sulphate, MgO.SO,, 280. Magnesian limestone, 280. for building, 408. MagnesUe, 279. Magnesium, Mg, 279. action on water, IL chloride, 115, 282. extraction from sea- water, 262. diatomic, 284. equivalent and atomic weights, 284. extraction, 280. nitride, 280. profierties, 280. silicide, 115. Magnet-fuze composition, 846. 