None
Aerschot, Duke of, 65, 67, 69 Aerssens, Cornells van, lord of Som- melsdijk, 203 Aerssens, Francis van, lord of Som- melsdijk, 127, 131, 137, 142 f., 148, 152 f., 203 Agincourt, battle of, 2 Agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry, School of, 431 Aine, 294 Aix-la-Chapelle, treaty of (1668), 245, 248; (1748), 313 f., 317 Alberoni, Cardinal, 302 Albert, Cardinal Archduke, 94, 96 f., 100 ff., 106, 140 Albert of Saxe-Meissen, Duke, stad- holder, 13 f. Albertina Agnes, wife of William Frederick, 153, 285 Albuquerque, Duarte de, 171, 173 Albuquerque, Matthias de, 171 ff., 174 Alcabala, 48 Aldenhoven, 341 Alexander I, Tsar of Russia, 366, 401, 406 Alexander, Prince, son of William III, 421 Alexander of Parma, see Farnese Algemeene Nederlandsche Werklieden Verbond, 425 Algerian pirates, 317 Algiers, Dey of, 317 Alkmaar, 56, 112, 184, 207 All Saints, Bay of (Bahia de todos os Santos), 167, 175 Alliance, treaties of, 95 f., 283, 296, 302, 345 ff., 354 Almanza, 291 Almonde, Philip van, 289 Alsace, 309 Alva, Duke of, 34, 42-49, 51-54. 56, 67, 75, 186 Amalia von Solms, Countess, 141, 154, 203, 210, 213, 242 Amazon river, 177 f. Amboina, 105, 124 f., 160, 162 f., 220 Amboise, 15 American Revolution, 332 Amerongen, 267 Amersfoort, 144, 299, 333 Amiens, peace of (1802), 354 Amortisatie-Syndikaat, the, 382 Amstel, the, 191, 351 Amstelland, 357 Amsterdam, passim ; University of, 188, 43i Amsterdam, ship, 169 Anabaptists, 22 f. Anastro, Gaspar, 77 Anglo-Prussian alliance, 338 Anjou, Duke of, 70, 72, 74, 76-79, 83 Anna Paulovna, 401, 406 Anne, Princess Royal, wife of William IV, 304, 316-319 Anne, Queen, 271, 273, 286 Anne de Beaujeu, regent, 15 Anne of Austria, wife of Philip II, 49 Anne of Austria, regent of France, 1 54, 280 Anne of Brittany, 15 Anne of Egmont, 30 Anne of Saxony, wife of William, Prince of Orange, 33, 49 f., 61 Anthony, Duke of Brabant, husband of Duchess Elizabeth of Gorlitz, 2 Anthony of Burgundy, younger brother of John the Fearless, 2 Antonio Vaz, island, 172 Antwerp, passim; treaty concluded at (1715), 297 Appeldoorn canal, the, 379 "April Movement," the, 413 f. Archangel, 98, 121, 275 Architofsky, Colonel, 176 Aremberg, Count of, stadholder, 40, 45 Arlington, Lord, 242, 244 Armada, 86, 89, 92 Armed Neutrality, League of, 325, 329 Armenteros (Argenteros) , secretary of the Duchess of Parma, 34 f. 446 INDEX Arminius (Jacob Harmenz), 128, 188 Arnhem, 113 Arnhem cape, 164 Arnold of Egmont, Duke, 7 Arras, diocese of, 32 f. ; Union of (1579), 71 f. Arreyal de Bom Jesus, 172, 174 Artois, 1, 5, 9, 21, 29, 45, 71, 232, 292 Ath, 290, 310 Auchmuty, General, 364 Augereau, General, 353 Augsburg, 22, 49 Augustus of Saxony, 303 Australia, 164 Austrian Netherlands, insurrection in, 338 Austrian Succession War, 305 , 306-3 1 5 Austruweel, 42 Axel, 311 Ayscue, Vice-Admiral, 214, 216 f., 240 Aysma, agent of Leicester, 89 Backhuizen, Ludolf , 200 Baden, 8, 297 Bahia, 167, 169 f., 173, 175 Bakhuysen, artist, 432 Balance of power in Europe, 266, 283 f., 294, 303 Baltic trade, 6, 25, 98, 120, 180, 182, 216, 229, 275, 301, 329 Banckers, Vice-Admiral, 252 Banda islands, 124 f., 160, 162 f. Baner, 182 Bank of the Netherlands, 379 Banking houses, 320 Bantam, 124, 161, 275 Barendtsz, William, 99 Barlaeus, Caspar, 188, 197 Barlaymont, Baron de, 29, 31, 37 f., 44 Barra, the, 171 f. Barrier treaties, 293, 296 f., 318 Bart, Jean, 264 Barthels, 387, 391 Basel, 8, 368 Batavia, Java, 161, 164 f., 275, 364 Batavian legion, 341 f. Batavian Republic, the, 344-356 Bavaria, 283, 288, 307 f., 331 Beachy Head, 278 Beauharnais, Eugene, 398 Beerenbronck, Ruys de, 428 "Beggars of the Sea," 50 f., 56, 58 ff., 82 Belgian Limburg, 400 Belgian Netherlands, 272, 331, 336 Belgian Revolution, 387, 389-404 Belgium, 310, 314, 338, 340, 369, 371 ff., 389, etc.; union of, with Holland, 376-388 Bender Abbas, 275 Bengal, 328 Bentinck, Count William, 313, 316, 3X9 Bentinck, William, Earl of Portland, 263, 269, 272, 284 Berbice, 276, 320, 328, 347, 376 Berbice river, 177 Berchem, Nicolas, 200 Beresina, the, 364 Bergen, 237 f., 353 Bergen-op-Zoom, 140, 312 Berghen, Marquis of, 31, 36, 38 Berkeley, Vice-Admiral, 240 Berlin, 308,321, 341, 371, 406; Decree of (1806), 358 Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, 141 Berwick, 291 Bethune, 13, 294 Beukelsz, William, of Biervliet, 6, 24 Beverweert, 233 f , 244 Biberibi river, 171 Bicker, Andries, 207 f., 226 Bicker, Cornells, 207 f., 226 Bicker, Wendela, 225, 247 Bilderdijk, 358, 407 Bilders, artist, 432 Binnenhof, the (at the Hague), 107, 134 f., 210, 333, 336, 348 Bishoprics, creation of, 31 f. Bismarck, 417 Blaeu, Willem Jansz, 201 Blake, naval commander, 215-219 Bleiswijk, council-pensionary, 332, 337 Blenheim, 288 Blok, DrP.J., 431 Blood, Council of, 43, 47, 49 Blood-placards, 23, 38 f. "Blossoming Eglantine," 191, 201 Bliicher, 371 Boer War, 426 Boers, revolt of the, 420 Bogerman of Leeuwarden, Johannes, 136 f., 188 Bohemia, 126, 307, 361 Bois-le-Duc, 32, 143 f. Boisot, commanding the Sea Beggars, 58 ff. Bol, Ferdinand, 200 Bolduc lapucelle, 144 Bolingbroke, Viscount, see St John Bologna, 20 Bonn, 259, 288 Bontekoe, Willem, 164 Bor, chronicler, 195 Borgesius, Catholic minister, 423, 426 Borinage, the, 393 Borkelo, lordship of, 238 Borneo, 124, 163 Borselen, Wolferd van, lord of Veere, stadholder, 10 INDEX 447 Bosboom, artist, 432 Bosboom-Toussaint, Mevrouw, 432 Bosse, P. P. van, 417 Bossu, stadholder, 52, 55 f. Both, Andreas, 200 Both, Jan, 200 Both, Pieter, governor-general, 161, 164 Bouchain, 294, 296 Bouches de Issel, 361 Bouches de l'Escaut, 361 Bouches de la Meuse, 361 Bouches du Rhin, 361 Boudaen, Admiral, 317 Boufflers, Marshal, 279, 287, 292 Bouillon, duchy of, 374 Bourges, 90 Boyne, battle of the, 278 Brabant, passim Brandenburg, 108, 262, 264 ff., 268, 272, 296 Brandenburg, Elector of, 119 f., 210, 230, 238 f., 270 Brandt, biographer, 196 Brantsen, envoy, 342 Brazil, 99, 157 f., 160, 166, 168 ff., 175 ff., 229, 276 "Bread and Cheese Folk," 13 Breda, 42, 61, 73, 92, 140, 150, 156, 231, 242 ff., 247, 341, 413 ; congress of, 311 f.; treaty of, 243, 245, 248, 261 Brederode, field-marshal, 210, 227, 238 Brederode, Frans van, 12 Brederode, Henry, Count of, 33, 36- 39, 42 Brederode, Lancelot, 55 Brederoo, Gerbrand Adriansz, 192, 197 Breedevoort, 95 Brest, 278, 347 Brill, 51 f., 62, 84, 112, 123 Brink, Bakhuizen van der, 408 Brittany, 15 Broeck, Pieter van der, 161 Broglie, Maurice de, Bishop of Ghent, 377, 380, 384 Bromsebro, treaty of, 183 Bronkhorst, Dirk van, 60 Broodhuis, the (at Brussels), 46 Broukere, Charles de, 385 Brouwer, Adrian, 200 Brouwershaven, 12 Browne, Scottish official, 125 Bruges, 6 f., 11, 13, 16,23 f-, 7©, 73, 77, 79, 82, 97, 153, 290 ff., 310 Brugghen, J. J. L. van der, 414 f. Brun, Spanish envoy, 157 Brune, General, 353 Brunswick, 121, 272, 354 Brunswick, Charles, Duke of, 335 f. Brunswick-Liineburg, 239 Brunswick- Wolfenbuttel, Lewis Ernest, Duke of, 315, 316-320, 321, 328 Brussels, passim; congress of, 396 f.; Union of, 67, 69 Buat, the lord of, 242 Bubble companies, 301 Buchhorn, 354 Bulbs, trade in, 184 Burchgrave, Daniel de, 86 Buren, Count of, 30 Burgos, 15, 17 Burgundian Netherlands, 1-11 Burgundy, 1,9, 12, 30, 42 Burnet, Bishop, 271 Bushey Park, 284 Buys, Paul, Advocate, 50, 83 f., 87, 90 Buys, pensionary, 290, 294 Bylandt, Count, Lieut-General, 387, 390 f. Cabelliau, Abraham, 121 Cabo Corso, 235 Cadiz, 275, 289 Cadsand, 254, 311 Caerden, Paulus van, 106 Calais, 16, 28, 94, 216 Callantroog, 352 Callenberg, 289 Calmar, 182 Calvin, Calvinism, Calvinists, 22, 38 ff., 42, 49 f., 128, 407, 413 Cambray, 20; League of, 18; peace congress at (1508), 18 Camisaders, 54 Camperdown, 347, 350 Canal of Holland, 416 Canals, 379, 420, 430 Canary islands, 171 Capadose, Calvinistic leader, 407 Cape Breton, 313 Cape colony, 165, 376 Cape of Good Hope, 98, 100, 166, 275, 328, 346, 376 Capibaribi river, 171 Carib tribes, 178 Caribbean sea, 170 Carleton, Sir Dudley, 123, 130, 143, 163 Carnot, 342 Caroline, Princess, regent, 319 f. Caroline, Queen, 316 Carolingian empire, tripartite division of, 1 Caron, Francis, 164 Caron cape, 164 Carpentaria, Gulf of, 163 f. Carpentier, Pieter, 163 f. Carrying-trade, 6, 25, 85, 97 f., 159, 214, 218, 274 f., 298, 319, 379 443 INDEX Cartagena, 42 Cartesian system, the, 190 Castel-Rodrigo, Spanish governor, 244 Castlereagh, Lord, 366, 368 f., 376 Castricum, 353 Castro, Alphonso de, 105 Catalonia, 291 Cateau-Cambresis, treaty of (1559), 28, 3° Catherine II, Empress, 325, 329 Catholic episcopate, establishment of, 412 f. Catholique, the, 387, 391 Cats, Jacob, council-pensionary, 148, 192, 194, 197, 205, an, 214; Hof- wijck, Cluijszcerck, Voorhout and Zeestraet of, 194 Cautionary towns, 84, 96, 104, 121, 123 Ceylon, 105, 124, 165, 229, 275, 328, 346, 354 Chamber of Accounts, college of, 345, 368 Chambers of Rhetoric, 201 Champagney, governor of Antwerp, 66 Charleroi, 245, 258, 278, 310 Charles I of England, 142 f., 152, 154 f., 163, 203 f., 215, 262 Charles II of England, 203 f., 208, 212, 231-234, 236, 238, 242, 244 f., 248 f., 252 ff., 261-266 Charles II of Spain, 280 ff. Charles V, Emperor, 16-23, 25> 27-30, 32, 67, 191, 196, 281, 294 Charles V of France, 4 Charles VI, Emperor, 295, 297, 306 Charles VII (Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria), Emperor, 282, 290, 306 f., 3°9 Charles VIII of France, 15 Charles IX of France, 51, 57 Charles IX of Sweden, 121 Charles X Gustavus of Sweden, 141, 229 ff. Charles X of France, 389 Charles XII of Sweden, 291, 301 Charles, Archduke, 282, 286, 289 ff., 293 f. Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau- Weilburg, 319 Charles Edward, the young Pretender, 310 Charles of Egmont (Gelderland), 14, 18 f., 21 Charles of Lorraine, 310 f. Charles the Bold (le Timer aire), 3 ff., 7-10 Charlotte, Princess of England, 366, 398, 406 Charlotte de Bourbon, 61, 77 Charnace, French ambassador, 149 Chasse, General, 395, 402 Chatham, 248 Chatham, Lord, 359 Chatillon, conference of (1814), 368 Chatillon, French commander, 149 Chatillon, French envoy, 135 Chaumont, 368 Cheribon, 275 Chesapeake bay, 166 Chesterfield, Lord, 303 China, 105, 124 Christian IV of Denmark, 120 f., 180- 183 "Christian Coalition," 427 Christianopel, treaty of, 183 Christina of Sweden, 229 Christopher, Duke, son of the Elector Palatine, 59 Church Association Act, 414 Churchill, John, see Marlborough Clancarty, Lord, 369, 387 Clarendon, 244 Claude, sister of Philibert, Prince of Orange-Chalons, 30 Clement VII, Pope, 20 Cleves, 120 Cloppenburch, 201 Coburg, Austrian commander, 341 f. Coccaeus, 188 Cochon, member of National Conven- tion, 345 Cockayne, Alderman, 125 Cockerill, of Seraing machine factory, 380 Code Napoleon, the, 358, 362 Cods of Holland, 14 Coehoorn, 279 Coelim, 275 Coevorden, 93, 258 Colberg Heath, 181 Colbert, 249 Colenbrander, Dr H. T., 388, 431 Coligny, Admiral, 47, 53. 78 Coligny (Teligny), Louise de, 78 f., 83, 130. 135, 138 Collegium Philosophicum, 381, 383, 306 Cologne, 8, 32, 192, 248 f., 252 f., 258 f., 261, 272, 368 Cologne, Archbishop of, 8 Cologne, Elector-Archbishop of, Bishop of Liege, 249 Colombo, 165 Colonies, 177, 276, 328, 347, 358, 376, 430, etc. Commercial and economic expansion, 159-185 Commissioned Councillors, college of, II4' 345 • „ , " Compromise, the, 37-40 INDEX 449 " Concept of Harmony," 246, 248, 250 Conde, 249, 262 Conde, Princess of, 120 Conperus, Louis, 432 Constance, League of (1474), 8 Constantine the Great, 193 Constantinople, 121, 183 Constitution, revision of the, 405-410 Consulta, 29, 35 Consultation, Act of (1766), 321, 328 Contarini, Tommaso, 121 Continental system, 358, 362, 379 Contra-Remonstrants, 129 ff., 133 f., 137 Contra-Remonstratie, 1 29 Cook's strait, 164 Coornheert, Dirk Volkertz, 191 Copenhagen, 230 f. Coromandel, 165, 320 Council of State, powers and functions of, no f. Council-pensionaries, powers and functions of, 116 f. Coarsier des Pays Bas, the, 391 Courtrai, 40, 245, 290, 309 Cr£cy, battle of, 1 Cromwell, 163, 215, 218-224, 229, 234, 236 Cuba, 170 Culemberg, Count of, 36 f., 44 Cultivation-system, 415 f., 430, 432 Cumberland, Duke of, 309, 311 f. Curacoa, 276, 323., 327 Cuyp, Albert, 200 D'Affry, French ambassador, 317 ff. D'Allegne, Marquis, 290 D'Alphonse, Baron, 361 D'Argenson, French minister, 310 f. D'Avaux, French ambassador, 266, 268, 272 D'Avila, Sancho, 59, 66, 106 D'Ellougue, 385 D'Estrades, Count, 203, 208, 232 f., 265 iD'Estr^es, 252, 259, 278 D'Hoogvoort, Baron Emmanuel, 391- 395 D'Hoogvoort, Baron Joseph, 393 D'Oultremont, Countess Henriette, 4°5 iD'Ursel, Duke, 378 Daendels, General, 341 f., 344 f., 347, 350-353, 304 Dale, Sir Thomas, 161 Danube, the, 288 Danzig, 25, 229 David, son of Philip the Good and Bishop of Utrecht, 2, 14 Davis' straits, 124 E.H.H. De Beaufort, Admiral, 239, 241 De Beauharnais, Hortense, 356, 360 f. De Berg, Count, 144 f. De Brez<5, French commander, 149 De Celles, prefet, 361, 381 De Cocq, preacher, 407 De Costa, Calvinistic leader, 407 De Fenclon, French ambassador, 307, 3°9 De Foere, Abbe, 384 f. De Gerlache, Catholic leader, 385 DeGraeff,governorofStEustatius,323 De Groot, pensionary, 1 31-136, 142 f. De Haan, pensionary, 131 De Haas, artist, 432 De Hembyze, Calvinist leader, 73 De Heze, Baron, 65 De Klundert, 341 De la Vauguyon, Duke, 323 f. De la Ville, Abbe, 311 De Laet, historian, 166 De Larrey, Count, 310 De Maulde, French ambassador, 341 De Mean, Count, 380 f. De Meester, ministry of, 427 De Mist, leader of the federalists, 349 De Nemours, Due, 397 f. De Neufville, 320 De Neve, printer, 387 De Perponcher, envoy, 365 De Rosne, Seigneur, 94 De Ryhove, Calvinist leader, 73 De Standaart, prefet, 361 De Verac, Count, 332 De Vries, Admiral, 241 De Vrij Temminck, 323 De With, Cornelisz Witte, Vice-Ad- miral, 152, 182 f., 217, 219 f., 230 De Witt, Cornelis, Ruwaard, 226, 236, 241, 243, 252-255 De Witt, Jacob, 207, 209, 212, 226 De Witt, John, 117, 198,212-224,225- 235, 236-250, 252-257. 298, 301, 317, 320, 431 Deane, commanding English fleet, 219 Dedel, Belgian minister, 403 "Defensive Confederacy," the, 331 Deforgues, 353 Dekker, Douwes, 415, 432; Max Havelaar of, 415, 432 Delacroix, Charles, 350 Delft, 62 f., 79 ff., 83, 99, ii2, 157, 159, 183, 207, 277 Delfware, 183 Delfziil, 92 Demerara, 328, 347, 376 Denain, 296 Dendermonde, 41, 82, 290, 310 Deputed- Estates, functions of, 114 Descartes, Rene, 190 29 45° INDEX Dettingen, 308 Deventer, 87 f., 92, 114, 226, 407 Deventer, Gerard Prounick, 86, 89 Devolution, law of, 233, 244 Diamond industry, 183 Dieden, Colonel, 144 Dieren, 208 f. Diest, 149 Dietz, 371, 374 Dijkveld, 267, 271, 274, 280 Dillenburg, town and principality of, 42,44.47,49, 54, 37i, 374 Djapara, 161 Doce river, 172 Does, Jan van der, 60 Doesburg, 87, 252 Doggerbank, the, 329 Dohna, Swedish ambassador, 244 f. Dokkum, 118 Dolhain, the lord of, 50 Dolman, Colonel, 218 Donker, 385 Donker-Curtius, 408 f., 411, 414 Dordrecht, 51 f., 54, 98, 112, 135 ff., 178, 194, 207, 209 f., 212, 226, 247, 253 f-, 274, 279, 335, 34i Doreslaer, Dr, 203 f., 212 f. Dort, synod at, 87, 162, 184 f., 407 Dorth, Colonel Jan van, lord of Horst, 167 f. Dortmund, 354 Douat, Merlin de, 345 Douay, 21, 71, 294, 296 Douw, Gerard, 200 Dover, 215,217; secret treaty of, 248 f. Downing, George, 234, 249 Downs, battle of the, 151 f., 175, 212, 215, 217 Drake, 175 Drebbel, Cornelius, 199 Drente, 5,21,73,93,96, 115, 138, 153, 238, 251, 304, 354, 357, 367 Du Chattel, artist, 432 Ducp£tiaux, 394 Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester, 77, 84-91, 95, 97 f-, no, 115, 117, 432 Duiveland, 62, 359 Dumonceau, General, 347 Dumouriez, 340 f. Duncan, Admiral, 347, 352 Dungeness, 217 f. Dunkirk, 82, 100 ff., 145, 149, 151 f., 171, 228, 232, 240, 264, 292, 296 Diiren, 368 Dutch Brabant, 312 Dutch Flanders, 156, 185, 311, 330 f., 342, 345 f-, 397 "Dutch mission," 412 Dutch Republic, beginnings of the, 82-109 East Friesland, 357 East India Company (Dutch), 105, 124, 147, 155, 159-185, 233, 252, 261, 275, 305, 339 f-, 345 East India Company (English), 159, 233, 320 East Indies, 98 ff., 106, 124, 143, 158, 160 f., 229, 248, 275, 328, 346, 379, 407, 4i5 f-, 43° Edam, 112, 207 Education Act (1878), 424 Educational affairs, 380, 391, 409, 414, 420, 422, 424 f., 427,431 Edward I of England, 16 Edward, Prince, of Bohemia, 213 Effingham, 175 Egmont, see Lamoral Elba, 371, 384 Elbing, 229 Elburg, 334 Elizabeth, Queen of England, 50, 57, 62, 70 f., 74, 77, 83-86, 88 f., 95 f., 102, 122 f. Elizabeth of Bohemia, 141 Elizabeth of Gorlitz, Duchess of Luxemburg, 2 Elizabeth of Parma, 302 Elsass, 8 Elseviers, the, 201 Elsinore, 230 Emma of Waldeck-Pyrmont, Princess, queen-regent, 421 Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, regent, 27 f. Ems, the, 45 Ems Occidental, 361 Ems Oriental, 361 Enghien, Duke of, 155 English Muscovy Company, 121, 123, 166 Enkhuizen, 56, 89, 98, 112, 118, 159 Enschede, 96 Episcopius, Simon, 136, 188 Ermerius, 352 Ernest Casimir of Nassau, stadholder, 101, 138, 146 Ernest of Austria, Archduke, 93 f. Erp, Christina van, 196 Essequibo river and colony, 177, 276, 328, 347, 376 Eternal Edict, 246 f., 253 Eugene of Savoy, Prince, 287 f., 290— 296 "Evangelicals," 128 Evertsen, Cornelis, Admiral, 240 f., 261, 278 Evertsen, Jan, Vice-Admiral, 218, 220, 237 Exclusion, Act of (Acte van Seclusie), 222-225, 232 INDEX 45^ Exeter, 273 Exhibition at Brussels, 389 f. Fadrique de Toledo, Don, 168 Fagel, Caspar, council-pensionary, 246, 255 f. Fagel, Francis, council-pensionary, 260, 264, 267, 277, 303, 319, 365 Falck, Captain of the National Guard, 364 f., 369, 380, 396 Farnese, Alexander, Prince of Parma, 70-74, 77-8o, 82, 84 ff., 88 f., 92 f., 192 Federation, Act of (1576), 63 Femern, 182 Ferdinand I, 306 Ferdinand, Cardinal Infante, 148 ff., 153 Ferdinand of Aragon, 14 ff., 18 f. Ferrara, 97 Fiji archipelago, 164 Fijnje, member of Executive Council, 350 Finance, Chamber of, 52, 86 Finspong, 179 Fisheries, 6, 16, 97, 122, 218, 430 Fishing rights dispute, 16, 122—125, 143, 166, 214 Fivelingoo, 114 Flanders, passim Flemish Belgium, 378 Fleurus, 278, 342 Fleury, Cardinal, 303, 307 Flinck, Govaert, 200 Florence, 195 Floriszoon, Vice-Admiral, 218, 230 Flushing, 28, 30, 51 f., 58, 77, 84 f., 123., 33i, 346, 357, 359, 428 Flushing and Veere, marquisate of, 113,304 Fokker, member of Executive Council, 350 Fontainebleau, 138; treaty of (1785), 33i Fontenoy, battle of, 310 Formosa, 164 Fort Zelandia, 164 Forth, Firth of, 243 " Forty-Eighters," 315 Fox, 329 France, treaty with (1482), 12 Franche- Comtek 1, 9, 30, 34, 245 Franchise, reforms of the, 421-424 Francis I, 19 f. Francis, Emperor, 368 Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine, 306 Franco-German War (1870), 417 Franeker, University of, 188, 190 Frankfort, 294 Franklin, 325 Frederick II the Great, of Prussia, 274, 306 f., 321 Frederick III, Emperor, 7 f., 13 Frederick III of Denmark, 218, 230 f. Frederick, Elector Palatine, King of Bohemia, 139, 142 Frederick, Prince, second son of King William I, 375, 392, 394, 421 Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, stadholder, 103 f., 116, 121, 130, 138 f., 141-144, 146-150, 153-157, 178, 181 f., 186, 192, 194, 199, 202, 209, 232, 298 f., 312 Frederick Henry bay, 165 Frederick Henry cape, 165 Frederick of Toledo, Don, 53, 55 f. Frederick William I of Prussia, 306 Frederick William II of Prussia, 335, 366 Frederick William of Brandenburg (the Great Elector), 157 Frederikshald, 301 French annexation, 357-366 "French Fury," 78 French Revolution, 340 Friendly or Tonga islands, 164 Friesland, passim Frise, 361 Friso, John William, of Nassau-Siegen, 285, 299, 304 Fruin, Robert, 431 Fryscell, 182 Fuchs, Paul, 270 Fuentes, Count of, 93 f. Fulda, Bishopric of, 354 Fundamental Assemblies, 351 Fundamental Law, 366 f., 370, 372 f., 375 f-, 378, 380, 384 f., 391 f., 394, 405, 412, 420 f., 429 f. Funen, 230 f. Fumes, 297 Fiirstenberg, Cardinal Archbishop, 272 Gabbard, the, 219 Galle, 165 Ganges, the, 275 Gecommitteerde-Raden, 114 Gedeputeerde-Staten, 114 Geer, Louis de, 178 ff., 181 f. Geertruidenberg, 14, 93, 293 f., 341 Gelder, 88 Gelderland, passim Gembloux, 70 Gendebien, Alexandre de, 391 ff., 395 Genlis, Huguenot leader, 53 Gennep, 149 Genoa, 42 George II of England, 304, 307 f. 29 — 2 452 INDEX George of Saxe-Meissen, 21 Gerard, Balthazar, 80 Gerard, Marshal, 402 Gevangenpoort, the, 255 Ghent, 6, 9, 11 ff., 16, 24, 28, 45 f., 65 f., 69, 71, 73, 82, 97, 156, 264, 290 ff., 310, 377, 379 f-, 385, 39i; Pacification of, 66 f., 71 f., 81, 94 Gibraltar, 106, 289 Gilds, 5 Gilles, Jacob, 310 f. Goa, 106 Goch, 149 Godolphin, 286, 294 Goeman-Borgesius, 424 Goerce, 254 Gogel, finance minister, 342, 349, 355, 357 f- Golden Fleece, Order of the, 7 Gomarus, Franciscus, 128, 188 Gomez, Ruy, 49 Gondomar, Count of, 123 Gonzales de Cordova, Don, 146 Gooiland, 195 Gorkum, 112, 251, 335 Gotheborg, 121 Gouda, 99, 112, 129, 259, 335, 420; convention at (16 10), 129 Goyen, Jan van, 200 Graeff, Cornelis de, 226, 234 Graeff, Jacob van der, 253 Grain, traffic in, 85 f. Grand Alliance (1689), 273 f., 281 f., 286, 289, 291, 294 f. Granson, battle at, 8 Granvelle, Anthony Perrenot de, Car- dinal, Bishop of Arras, Archbishop ofMechlin, 22,28 f., 31-35,49,75,80 Grave, 102, 258, 262 Grave, Admiral, 308 Gravelines, 28, 70 Great Assembly, the, 209-213 Great Fire of London, 242 Great Privilege, the, 9 f., 14 Great Rebellion, the, 152 Great War (1914), the, 428, 430 Greenland, 123 Grobendonc, governor of Hertogen- bosch, 144 Groenloo, 95 Groll, 104 Grondwet, 366 Groningen, passim ; University of, 181, 43i Groot, Hofstede de, 407 Groot, Pieter de, pensionary, 246, 248 f., 252 ff. Groote Eylandt cape, 165 Grotius, Hugo (Huig van Groot), 122, 188 f. ; Mare Liberum of, 122, 189 Guadeloupe, 376 " Gueux, les," 38 Gueux de tner, 50 Guiana, 99, 177 f., 276, 340, 376 Guinea, 99, 234 f., 328, 418 Gustavus Adolphus, 147, 178 ff., 229 Guyon, Francis (Balthazar Gerard), 80 Gymnasia, 431 Haarlem, 55 f., 58, 60, 62, 74, 90, 112, 131, 183 f., 207, 246, 314, 341, 357, 413 Haarlem lake, 55, 412 Haasrecht, 335 Habsburg rule in the Netherlands, 12- 26 Hadamar, 371, 374 Haersolte, 226 f. Haga, Cornelis, 121, 183 Hagen, Steven van der, 105 Hague, the, passim Hahn, leader of the moderates, 349 Hainault, 2, 9, 21, 52, 65, 71, 228, 244, 262 Hals, Frans, 199 f. Hamburg, 25, 320 Hanover, 272, 283, 286, 302 Hanse League, Hanse towns, 6, 25, 120 f. Harderwijk, University of, 188 Harlingen, 118 Harmensz, Jacob, see Arminius Harmignies, 53 f. Harris, Sir James (Lord Malmesbury), 332, 335 ff- Harwich, 84 Harwood, Colonel, 147 Hattem, 334, 341 Haverman, artist, 432 Havre, commander, 66 Heemskerk, Th., 427 Heidelberg, 90, 119 Heidelberg catechism, 128, 137 Heiligerlee, 45 Heim, Antony van der, council-pen- sionary, 303 f., 309 ff. Hein, Piet, Vice-Admiral, 167, 169 ff. Heinsius, Antony, council-pensionary, 277, 280, 282 f., 285 ff., 290 f., 294, 300 Heinsius, Daniel, 188 Heinsius, Nicolas, 188 Helder, the, 352, 367, 379 Hellemans, Heleonore, 196 f. Heist, Bartolomaus van der, 199 f. Helvoetsluis, 273 Hendrikszoon, Boudewyn, 168 f. Heneage, Lord, 85 Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans, 248 Henrietta Maria, 154 f. INDEX 453 Henry III of France, 62. 83 f., 92 Henry IV of France (Henry of Navarre), 92, 94 ff., 104, 109, 120, 122, 195 Henry VII of England, 16 f. Henry, stadholder of Luxemburg, 421 Henry Casimir, stadholder, son of William Frederick, 238, 264, 266, 268, 270, 277, 285 Henry Casimir of Nassau, 146, 153 Henry of Bavaria, Bishop of Utrecht, 21 Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Prince, 426 Henry of Nassau, brother of the Prince of Orange, 47, 59 Henry of Nassau, friend and adviser of Charles V, 30 Herbert, Admiral, 273 Heresy, extirpation of, 23, 31 ff., 35 ff., 39, 42 f., 67 Herring fisheries, 6, 24, 254 Hertogenbosch (Bois-le-duc), 32, 102, 143-146, 150, 156, 171, 253, 315, 328, 413 Hesse, 272 Hesse-Cassel, 283 Het Loo, 333, 358 Higher education, 380, 427, 431 ' ' High-Mightinesses , " 112 "Historical Christians," 425, 427 Hobbema, Meindert, 200 Hochstadt, 288 Hoeth, 352 Hohenlo, Count of, 84 Holland, passim ; incorporation of, with Zeeland in the Burgundian domi- nion, 2 ; union of, with Belgium, 376- 388 Holmes, Admiral, 234 f. Holstein, 181 Honthorst, Gerard, 200 Hooft, burgomaster of Amsterdam, 323 Hooft, Cornells Pietersz, 195 Hooft, party leader, 264, 266 Hooft, Pieter Cornelisz, 194-197; Geerard van Velzen, Warenar and Baeto of, 195; Netherland Histories of, 196 Hoogerbeets, pensionary, 1 31-136, 142 Hoogh, Pieter van der, 200 Hooghley, the, 320 Hooghly on the Ganges, 275 Hoogstraeten, Count of, 31, 33, 41 f., 44 f-> 47 Hook faction, 12 ff. Hook of Holland, 416 Hoorn, 56, 98, 112, 118, 159, 166 Hoorn, Count of, see Montmorency Hoorn, dowager Countess of, 45 Hop, Jan, 285, 316 Houtman, Cornelis, 99 Hudde, Johan, 267 Hudson, Henry, 166 Hugonet, the lord, 10 Huguenot refugees, 269 f., 276 Huis in't Bosch, the, 426 Hulst, 92, 94, 153, x56 Humbercourt, the lord, 10 Hume, 323 Hunsingoo, 1 14 Huy, 67, 288, 310 Huyghens, Christian, 198 f. Huyghens, Constantine, 192, 194, 196 f. India, 99, 317 Indies, trade in the, 107 ff., 145, 147, 155 ff., 160, 165, 189, 275, 313, 336, 339 Infamy, Order of, 385 Inquisition, 36-39, 49, 54, 128 Isabel, Queen of Portugal, 15 f. Isabel Clara Eugenia, Infanta, Arch- duchess, 94, 96 f., 100, 140, 145-148 Isabel of Castile, 14 ff., 19 Isabel of Portugal, wife of Philip the Good, 7 Isny, 354 Israels, Joseph, 432 Issel superieur, 361 Ita, Pieter Adriansz, 170 Itamarca, 173 Jacatra, 161 Jacoba, heiress of William VI of Hol- land, 2 Jacobin clubs, 348 f. James I of England, 104, 121 ff., 125, 139, 142, 162 f., 189, 212 James II of England, Duke of York, 203, 234, 236 f., 242, 252, 262 f., 269-273, 283 James III of England, son of James 11 so termed, 271, 283, 285 Janssens, governor-general of Java, 364 Japan, 124, 164 Japara, 275 Jarnac, battle of, 47 Jaureguy, Juan, 77, 79 f. Java, 99, 161 ff., 165, 328, 339, 347, 363 f., 376, 379, 4*5 f-, 432 Jeannin, President, 108 f. Jemappes, 340, 393 Jemmingen, 45, 47 Jever, 357 Joachimi, 204, 212 Joan Maurice of Nassau, 175 ff., 210, 227, 238, 245, 251 Joanna, Duchess of Brabant, 2 Joao IV of Portugal, 176 John II of France, 1 454 INDEX John III, Count of Namur, 2 John IV, son of Anthony of Burgundy and husband of Jacoba of Holland, 2 John Casimir, 71 f. John de Marnix, lord of Thoulouse, 42 John of Austria, Don, 64, 66-70 John of Bavaria, husband of Duchess Elizabeth of Gorlitz, 2 John of Leyden, 22 John of Nassau, Count, stadholder, 41 f-> 45, 59. 61, 72, 79, 83, 146, 285 John the Fearless, 1 f. Jones, Paul, 325 Joseph I, Emperor, 290, 294, 306 Joseph II, Emperor, 330 f., 338 Joseph Ferdinand, 281 f. Joubert, General, 350, 352 Jourdan, 342 Juan, Infante, son of Ferdinand and Isabel, 15 Juan de Vargas, 44 f. Juana, Infanta, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabel and wife of Philip the Fair, 14 ff., 17 Julian, French secret agent, 387 Julich, fortress of, 120 Julich and Cleves, Duke of, 119 Julich-Cleves duchies, question con- cerning succession to, 119 f., 122 Junius, 128 Jutland, 181 Kaiserwerth, 287 f. Kampen, 114, 335 Kandy, 165 Kantelaur, leader of the moderates, 349 Kappeyne, Joannes, 420; Education Act of (1878), 422 Katwijk, 220, 358 Kempenaer, 408, 411 ^ Kemper, 365 f. Kennemerland, 13 Kentish Knock, 217 Keppel, Earl of Albemarle, 284 Kerkoven, Jan van der, lord of Heen- vliet, 152 Kijkduin, 259 Kitzingen, 179 Klein- Schnellendorf, convention of, 307 Knocke, 297, 309 Knodsenburg, 92 Koen, Jan Pieterzoon, governor-gene- ral, 124, 161 ff., 164 Kohler, General, 419 Kolkmar, Dr, 428 Koning, Salomon, 200 Koningh, Pieter de, 200 Koopman, Rear- Admiral, 402 Korvey, abbey of, 354 Kragenhoff, Minister of War, 358 Kraijenhoff, revolutionary leader, 342 Kronborg, 230 Kriiger, President, 426 Kuenen, Abraham, 431 Kuyff, head of city police, 390 Kuyper, Dr Abraham, 419 f., 422, 424-427 L'Oyseleur, Pierre, Seigneur de Vil- liers, 75 La Hogue, 278 La Motte, 71 La Rochelle, 50 Laaland, 182 " Ladies' Peace," the (1529), 20 Lafayette, 322 Lalaing, George, Count of Renneberg, stadholder, 65, 71, 73 Lamoral, Count of Egmont, stadholder, 28 f., 31, 33-37, 39-43,. 45 f-, 68 Lamoussaye, French minister, 388 Landrecies, 296 Land's Advocate or Council-Pensionary, office of, 116 f. Landskrona. 230 Language decree (18 19), 383, 386 Lauffeldt, 312 Law, Edward, 301 Lawrence, Henry, 325 Le Brun, Duke of Piacenza, 361, 365 League of the Beggars, 385 Ledenburg, 133 f. Lee, 325 Leeuwarden, 136 Leeuwenhoek, Antoni van, 199 Leffingen, 101 Leghorn, 218 Leicester, Earl of, see Dudley Leipzig, 364 f. Leopold I, Emperor, 290 Leopold II, Emperor, 338 Leopold, Archduke, Bishop of Passau, 119 f. Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, King of Belgium, 398 ff., 403 Leuchtenberg, Duke, of 398 Lewis Ernest, Duke of Brunswick- Wolfenbuttel, see Brunswick-Wol- fenbuttel Lewis of Baden, 288 Lewis of Nassau, 36 f ., 39, 41 , 44 f ., 47, 49, 51-54, 58 f. Ley, the, 156 Leyden, 12, 24, 55 f., 58-61, 74, 89 f., 112, 128, 131, 183 f., 187 f., 190, 195, 201, 314, 341, 358, 360, 365, 408 ; University of, 60, 187, 190, 431 "Libertines," 128 Libri-Bagnano, 387, 389 f. INDEX 455 Liefkenshoek, 82, 402 Liege, district and town of, 12 f., 21, 39, 178 f., 249, 287 f., 310, 374 f-, 378, 380, 385, 393, 399 Lievens, Jan, 200 Ligny, 371 Lilienrot, Count, 280 Lille, 15, 2i, 71, 245, 292, 309 Lillo, 402 Limburg, 2, 21, 149, 158, 288, 383, 397 f., 400, 402 f., 416 f., 429 f. Linden, Cort van den, 428 Lindhoven, 82 Lingen, 96, 104 Linschoten, Jan Huyghen van, 99 Lionne, French minister, 245 Lipsius, Justus, 188 Lisbon, 159 f., 167 f., 173 f., 176, 229 Listerdiep passage, 181 Literary gilds, 190, 201 Literature, 431 f. Livonia, 178 Loevestein, 136, 143, 188, 207 Lohman, Jonkheer Savornin, 425 Lombardy, 20 Lonck, Hendrik Cornelisz, 171 f. London, 122, 126, 396 f., et passim; Articles of (1814), 395; conferences at, 162, 429; Conventions of, 376, 402 Loos, Admiral, 175 Lorraine, 7 ff., 42, 282, 306 Lothaire, 1 Louis II, Count of Flanders, 1 Louis XI of France, 8 ff., 12, 15 Louis XIII of France, 149, 154, 195 Louis XIV of France, 232, 239, 243 ff., 248 f., 252 ff., 260 f., 263 ff., 266- 270, 272, 277 f., 280-283, 285, 290- 293, 296 Louis XV of France, 280, 311 Louis XVI of France, 321, 331 Louis, King of Hungary, 20 Louis Bonaparte, 355-36l» 363 Louis de Male, Count of Flanders, 1 Louis del Rio, 44 f. Louis Philippe, Duke of Orleans, King of the French, 389, 397, 407 f. Louise Henrietta, wife of Frederick William of Brandenburg, 157 Louise of Savoy, 20 Louvain, 53, 90, 149, 290, 310, 380 f., 388, 393, 399 Louvois, Minister of War, 249 Lowenthal, Count, 311 f. Lubeck, 25 Lucas, Rear-Admiral, 346 Luis de Requesens, Don, 56 f. Lumbres, the lord of, 50 f. Liineburg, 283 Luther, Martin, 19, 22 f. Liitzen, 147, 179 Luxemburg, duchy and town of, 2, 21, 42, 66, 102, 267, 330, 371, 373 ff., 378, 396 ff., 400, 402 f., 416, 421, 429 Luxemburg, French marshal, 249, 258 f., 265, 278 f., 286 Luzac, 408 Maas, the, 51, 59, 62, 159, 220, 251, 360 Maasland, 357 Maatschappij van Weldadigheid ', 380 Macassar, 229, 275 Mackay, Baron, 422 f. Mackay Law, 423, 427 Madagascar, 99 Madrid, 29, 31. 33 ff-, 37. 39, 4* f-, 44. 49, 5i, 64, 7°, 75, 89, 94, 108, 113, 156, 167 f., 171, 286 Maerlandt, 190 Maes, Nicholas, 200 Maestricht, 45, 59, 74 f., 146, 149 f., 156, 253, 258 f., 262, 264 f., 312, 330 f., 341 f., 346, 368, 397 f., 400 Magellan, Straits of, 99 f., 166 Magnus Intercursus, 16 f., 122, 214 Main, the, 308 Malacca, 105, 275, 346 Malaga, 289 Malay Archipelago, 105, 160 f. "Malcontents," the, 71 Malines, 380 Malmesbury, Lord, see Harris Malplaquet, 293 Mains Intercursus, 17 Manhattan, 166, 177 Mansfeld, Count of, 33, 40, 93 Maranhao, 175 Marcelis, Gabriel, 182 Margaret, Archduchess, daughter of Mary and Maximilian, regent, 11 f., 15, 17-20, 22 f., 29 Margaret, daughter of Louis de Male, Count of Flanders, and wife of Philip the Hardy, 1 f. Margaret, dowager Countess of Flan- ders, widow of Louis II, 1 Margaret, Duchess of Parma, regent, 28 f., 31, 33 ff., 37, 39, 41 ff-« 7° Margaret, sister of William VI of Hol- land and wife of John the Fearless, 1 Margaret of Burgundy, wife of William VI of Holland, 1 Margaret of York, wife of Charles the Bold, 7, 9 Maria cape, 164 Maria island, 165 Maria Louisa of Hesse-Cassel, 304, 320 456 INDEX Maria Theresa, queen of Louis XIV, 233. 239, 244, 281 Maria Theresa of Austria, 303, 306- 309 Maria van Diemen cape, 165 Marie de' Medici, regent, 120, 154 Marie Louise, wife of Napoleon, 360, 303 Maris brothers, 432 Marlborough, Duke of (John Chur- chill), 283, 286 ff., 290-295 Mary, princess royal, wife of William II of Orange, 152, 210, 234 Mary, Princess, wife of William III of Orange, 263, 271, 273, 279, 284 Mary, regent, queen of Louis of Hun- gary, 20, 22 ff., 26 f., 29 f., 85 Mary of Burgundy, daughter of Charles the Bold and wife of Maximilian of Austria, 8-12 Mary of Modena, 262 Mary Tudor, Queen, 27 f. Massa, Isaac, 121 Matanzas bay, 170 f. Matelief, Cornells, 105 f., 160 Matsjan, 124 Matthias, Archduke, 69 f., 72, 78 Maure, Anton, 432 Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, stadholder, 83 ff., 87-93, 95. 10 1- 104, 106-109, 1I[3> I15 ff-, 120, 122, 127-138, 139 ff-, 143, 195, 198, 202, 205, 249, 257, 314 Maurice of Nassau-Ouwerkerk, Count, 308 Maurice of Saxony, 33, 49 Maurier, Aubrey du, 135 Mauritius, 105, 164 f. Mauritshuis, the Hague, 199 Mauritsstad, 175 f. Maximilian Emmanuel, Elector of Bavaria, 281 Maximilian Joseph, Emperor, 309 Maximilian of Austria, Emperor, King of the Romans, 8, 10-15, *7 ff-, 45 May, Job, 365 Mazarin, Cardinal, 154 f., 203, 208, 232 Mechlin, 1, 5, 10, 14, 17, 19, 21, 24, 32, 53 ff., 82, 310 Medemblik, 112 Medina-Coeli, Duke of, 54, 56 Medway, the, 243, 252 Meer, Jan van der, 200 Meerman, John, 244 Meeus, Ferdinand, 393 Meghem, Count of, 31, 37, 39 f., 42 Melliton, General, 365 Mendoca Furdado, Diogo de, 167 Mendoza, Admiral of Aragon, 100, 102 Menin, 290, 297, 309 Mennonites, 22, 185 Mercantile Marine, Dutch, formation of, 24 Merchant Adventurers, Fellowship of, 125 Merode, Count Felix de, 392 f., 395 Mesdag, Hendrik, 432 Mesnager, 295 Metzu, Gabriel, 200 Meurs, 95, 102 Meuse, the, 59, 74, 102, 144, 146, 288, 361, 368 f., 399 f., 402 Mexico, 170, 275 Meyer, envoy, 345 f. Michigan, 408 Middelburg, 51, 58, 70, 82, 98, 125, 160, 247, 311 f., 359 Midderigh, revolutionary leader, 349 f. Middle kingdom, restoration of, 1 f., 7.f- Mijer, colonial minister, 416 Milan, 56 Milanese, the, 282, 297 Military service, 362, 423, 426 Million de Vindustrie, the, 383 Milton, John, 188, 193 Miranda, General, 341 Mississippi Company, 301 Moerdijk, the, 341 Mohacs, battle of, 20 Moluccas, 99, 105, 124 f., 160-163, 233, 275 f-, 330, 346 Moncontour, battle of, 47 Mondragon, Spanish commander, 58 f., 62, 64, 94 Monk, commanding English fleet, 219 f., 239-242 Monmouth, commanding English force, 264 Monnikendam, 112, 207 Mons, 52, 70, 245, 264 f., 293, 310 Mont-Cassel, 263 Montesquieu, 323 Montigny, the lord of, 31, 34, 39, 44, Montmorency, Philip de, Count of Hoorn, Admiral of Flanders, 31, 33 ff-, 37, 41 ff-, 45 f-, 68 Montpensier, Duke of, 61 Mook, 59, 66, 272 Morat, battle at, 9 Moreau, General, 342 Morgan, Colonel, 146 f. Moscow, 364 Moucheron, Balthazar de, 98, 121 Mouture, 382, 385 f. Mozambique, the, 106 Muiden, 195 ff., 251 Muidener Kring, 196 INDEX 457 Mulder, Staffel, 407 " Multatuli " (Douwes Dekker), 415, 432 Munster, 22, 238 f., 248 f., 252 f., 258 f., 261 ; congress of, 156; treaty of (1648), 157 f., 165, 177, 186, 202, 205, 280, 330 f. Muscovy, 301 Music, modern development of, 201 Naarden, 55 f., 258 f. Namur, 2, 9, 21, 67 f., 71, 149, 228, 279, 297, 310, 378 Nancy, 8 f. Nantes, the Edict of, Revocation of, 269 Naples, 49, 297, 390 Napoleon III, 417 Napoleon Bonaparte, 353-364, 371 f., 370, 379. 384 Napoleon Louis, 361 Nassau, 335 Nassau river, 164 Nassauische Erbverein, the, 429 Nassau-Siegen, house of, 116, 138 National, the, 387, 389 f. National Assembly, formation of, 348 ff. Navigation Act, 214, 233, 242 f., 274 Nederlandsche Handelsmaatschappij , De, 379 Neer, Aart van der, 200 Neerwinden, 279, 341 Negapatam, 328, 330 Negro slave trade, 276 Negumbo, 165 Netherland confession, 128, 137 Netherlands, the revolt of, 47-68 ; for- mation of the kingdom of, 367-375, 376-388 Netscher, Caspar, 200 Neuss, battle at, 8 Nevers, 1 New Amsterdam, 166, 177 New England, 177 New Guinea, 164 "New Lighters," 407 New Netherland, 166, 177, 235 ; Com- pany of, 166 New South Wales, 164 New York, 261, 325, 243 New Zealand, 164 f. Newfoundland, 166, 325 Ney, commanding French force, 371 Neyen, Father John, 106, 108 Nicholas II, Tsar, 426 Nicolas de Harnes, 36 Nieuport, 82, 101 f., 310, 318 Nieuwenaar, Count, stadholder, 83, 86, 91 Nieuwenhuis, Domela, 421 f., 425 Nieuwerbrug, 259 Nieuwpoort, 222 ff. Nijmwegen, 92, 113, 25S, 263 ff., 287, 299, 333. 335, 34i, 360; treaty of (1678), 265-268, 270, 280 Nobles, league of, 33-38, 41 Noel. French ambassador, 348 ff. Noircarmes, royalist noble, 44 Nordlingen, battle of, 148 Nore, the, 243 Norrkoping, 179 North American colonies, British, revolt of, 322 f. North Brabant, 144, 146, 185, 258, 409 North Holland, 56, 353 North Holland Canal, 379 North Quarter, the, 87 ff, 159 Northern or Greenland Company, 124, 166 Nova Zembla, 124 Nyborg, 231 Nymphenburg, 307 Obdam, see Wassenaer Oberstein, Count, 66 Observateur, the, 385 Ogle, Colonel, 133 Oldenbarneveldt, John van, Advocate, pensionary, 83, 85-91, 96, 100 ff., 104, 106 ff., 117, 119 ff, 123, 127- 138, 140 ff., 165, 188, 193, 225, 257 Oldenzaal, 96, 104 Olinda, 171 f., 174 Oliva, peace of, 231 Ommelanden, 73 Ondaatje, party leader, 333 Oostergoo, 114 Ootmarsum, 96 Oquendo, Antonio de, Admiral, 151 f., 173 ff. Orange, Princes of, see Fred. Henry, Maurice, Philip William, William Orange-Nassau, house of, 115 f., 396 f., 421, 423, 429 Orchies, 21, 71 Orinoco, the, 170, 177 Orleans, Duke of, see Louis Philippe Orloff, Count Alexis, 401 Ormonde, Duke of, 289, 295 f. Ostade, Adrian van, 200 Ostade, Isaac van, 200 Ostend, 82, 101 ff., 290, 292, 302, 308, 310, 318, 330 Ostend Company, 302 f. Otto, branch of house of Nassau, 374 Oudenarde, 291, 309 f. Oudinot, Marshal, 359 ff. Ouwerkerk, field-marshal, 288 Overyssel, passim 458 INDEX Oxenstierna, Axel, 148, 179-182, 188 Oxford, Earl of, Colonel, 147 Painting, art of, 199 f., 432 Palembang, 275 Palmerston, Lord, 396, 400-403 Pangeran, the, native ruler, 161 Pappenheim, commanding Imperialist army, 146 Para, 178 Paris, passim; treaties of, 319, 369, 373, 376, 396 Parker, Hyde, Vice-Admiral, 329 Parma, 43 Partition treaties, 281 f. Pater, Adrian Jansz, 170, 173 f. Patrician oligarchy, 113, 300, 304, 315, 332, 344 Patriot party, 332-336, 344 Paul IV, Pope, 32 Paul of Russia, Emperor, 352 Paulus, Pieter, 344, 347 ff. Pauw, Adrian, pensionary, 145, 148, 157, 204, 209, 214 f., 218 Pauw, Reinier, 131, 137 "Pays de par deca," 3 f. Peace Congress, the first (1899), 426 Pecquinius, Chancellor of Brabant, 140 Penaranda, Spanish envoy, 157 Penn, naval commander, 216 Pennington, Vice- Admiral, 151 f. Pernambuco, 171, 173 f. "Perpetual Edict," the, 67 Perre, Paulus van der, 214 Perrenot, Nicholas, 28 Peru, 170, 275 Peter the Great, Tsar, 302 Philibert, Prince of Orange-Chalons, 3° Philip II of Spain, 6, 22, 25-36, 39-42, 45> 47 ff., 49, 52, 57. 61-64, 67, 7°, 73-76, 80, 83 f., 86, 92 ff., 96 f., 99, 183, 187,281 Philip III of Spain, 108, 140, 280 Philip IV of Spain, 148, 170, 232 f., 239, 244 Philip V of Spain, 282 f., 286, 290-293, 296 f., 302 Philip de Marnix, lord of Sainte Alde- gonde, 36, 44, 50, 52, 56 f., 77, 79 Philip of Anjou, Duke, 281 f., 291 Philip of Baden, Bishop of Utrecht, 14 Philip of Cleef, 13 Philip of Hesse, 33, 41 Philip of St Pol, 2 Philip the Fair, Archduke, 11-17, 21 Philip the Good, 1 ff., 5 ff., 48 Philip the Hardy, Duke of Burgundy, if. Philip William, Count of Buren, Prince of Orange, 30, 44, 113, 137 Philippines, the, 106 Picardy, 9, 95 Piccolomini, commanding Imperialist troops, 149 Pichegru, commander, 342 Piedmont, 293 Pierson, N. G., 423 f., 426 Pijman, Minister of War, 352 Pitt, 341 Pius IV, Pope, 32 Pius IX, Pope, 412 f. Plancius, Petrus, 98 Plessis-les-Tours (1580), 74, 76 Plymouth, 217 Poeloe-Rum, 162, 233, 243 Poictiers, battle of, 1 Pondicherry, 275 Portland, 218 Portsmouth, 324 Potgieter, 408 Potter, Louis de, 385 ff., 391, 395; Lettre de Demophile au Rot of, 386 Potter, Paul, 200 Povo, or the Reciff, 171 Pozo, 171 f. "Pragmatic Army," the, 308 f. Pragmatic Sanction, the, 303, 306 Prague, 139, 307 "Precisians," 128 Press laws, 384 ff., 391, 409 Price, Richard, 323 Priestley, 323 Primary education, 355, 380, 409, 414, 420, 422, 425, 431 Prins Willem, ship, 173 f. Prinsenhof, Delft, 79 f. Provincial Estates, powers and func- tions of, 112 ff. Provintie van Utrecht, ship, 174 Prussian invasion, 335 f. Pultova, 301 Purmerend, 113 Putte, Fransen van de, 416, 419 Putten, 226 Pyrenees, peace of the (1659), 228, 231 f., 274 Quadruple Alliance, 302 Quatre Bras, 371 f., 406 Quesnoy, 295 f. Quotisatie, 4 Raad-Pensionaris, powers and func- tions of, 117 Railways, 415 Ramel, member of National Conven- tion, 345 Ramillies, 290 INDEX 459 Rammekens, 84, 149 Rastatt, peace of (1714), 297 Ratisbon, truce of (1684), 268 Reading-societies, 342 Reciff, the, 171-175, 177 " Reduction, Treaty of," 93 Reformation movements, 2 ff. "Reformed" congregations, 128 Regnier, lord of Groeneveldt, 140 Reingoud, Jacques, 86 Reinierz, 165 Rembrandt van Rhyn, 199 ff., 432 Remonstrants, 129, 132 f., 136?., 142, 193 Remonstratie, 129 R6ne of Lorraine, Duke, 8 f. Rene of Nassau, 30 Repartitie, 1 1 1 Repelaer, envoy, 342 Requesens, 61 f., 64 "Request," the, 37 f. Reveil movement, 407 Rewbell, plenipotentiary, 345 f. Rheims, 32 Rheinberg, 95, 100, 102, 104, 288 Rhetoric, Chambers of, 190 f. Rhine, the, 59, 62, 82, 102, 119, 149, 288, 291, 293, 358, 361, 368, 371, 379 Rhineland, 40, 49, 58, 139 Ricardot, president of the Privy Coun- cil, 107 Richelieu, Cardinal, 142 f., 148 f., 154 Rights of Man, the, 332 Rijks Museum, Amsterdam, 199 Rio de Janeiro, 169 Rio Grande, the, 175 Rio Negro, the, 178 Ripperda, ambassador, 302 Ripperda, Calvinist leader, 55 Robert de la Marck, 13 Rochefoucault, 360 Rochussen, artist, 432 Rochussen, J. J., 415 Rocroi, 155 Roda, 65 Rodney, Admiral, 327, 346 Roell, Jonkheer Johan, 424 Roell, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 358, 380 Roemerswaal, 14, 58 Roeremonde, 53 f., 146, 288, 413 Roeskilde, 230 Rogier, Charles, 393 ff. Rome, 19, 361, 419 Ronkens, burgomaster, 299 Rooke, Sir George, Admiral, 289 Rotterdam, 12, 59, 83, 90, 98 f., 112, 118, 129, 131, 136 f., 159, 300, 334, 34i, 364, 379 Roucoux, 310 Rouille, French agent, 290 Rouppe, burgomaster, 393 Rousseau, 323.. 332 Royal Academies of the Arts, 380 Royal African Company, 234 Royal Charles, flag-ship, 243 Royal James, flag-ship, 252 Royal Netherland Institute for Science, Letters and the Fine Arts, 358 Rudolph II, Emperor, 119 Rump Parliament, the, 219 Rupert, Prince, 216, 239-242, 259 Russell, Admiral, 271 Russian trade, 98, 121, 275, 301 Ruysch, Nicholas, 226 Ruysdael, Jacob, 200 Ruyter, Michael Adriansz de, Admiral, 194, 216 ff., 219 f., 228 f., 231 , 234 f., 237 f., 240 f., 243, 252, 259, 289 Ryswyck, 107, 140, 280; peace of, 280 Saba, 328 Sadowa, 416 Saftingen, 331 Sainte Aldegonde, see Philip de Marnix Salamanca, 15 Saldanha bay, 346 Sallant, 114 Salmasius, 188 San Francisco fort, 171 f. San Jorge fort, 171 f. San Salvador, 167 ff. San Thome de Guiana, 170 Sandwich, Earl of, 237 Sasbout, councillor of state, 65 Sas-van-Gent, 82, 156 Savoy, 286, 296 Saxe, Maurice de, Marshal, 309-312 Saxe- Weimar, Duke of, 368 Saxony, 272 Scaliger, Josephus Justus, 188 Schaep, Gerard, 204, 214 Schaepman, Dr, 422, 424 f. Scheffer, artist, 432 Scheldt, the, 23, 79, 82, 89 f., 150 f., 156, 158, 248, 259, 311, 330 f., 359, 3fii> 379. 399. 401 f-» 428 Schenck, 149 Schepens, or sheriffs, 6 Scheveningen, 155, 220, 232, 343, 366 Schiedam, 112, 207 Schieringers, 14 Schimmelpenninck, Count, 408 f. Schimmelpenninck, Rutger Jan, coun- cil-pensionary, 344, 349, 353-350 Schleswig, 181 Scholte, preacher, 407 Schomberg, Marshal, 272 Schonbrunn, treaty of, 359 460 INDEX Schonen, 230 Schools, 414 f., 420, 422 f., 425 ff., 431 Schoonhoven, 112, 335 Schouburg (theatre), the, Amsterdam, 201 Schout, or chief judge, 6 Schouten, Willem, 168 Schouwen, 62, 359 Schutterij, 255 f. Schuurman, Anna Maria, 197 f. Scribe and Auber, La Muette de Por- tici of, 390 "Sea Terror of Delft," the, 169 Secondary and technical education, 4i6,43i Seeland, 230 Selden, Mare clausum of, 189 Semonville, French ambassador, 353 Seneff, 262 Senlis, treaty of (1493), I3 "Separatists," the (de Afgescheidenen), 407 Seraing, 380, 383 Settinge, 4 Seven Bishops, acquittal of (1 688), 271 Seven Years' War, 320, 323 Seventeen, College of the, 100 "Sharp Resolution," the, 131 Sheerness, 243, 273 Shetlands, the, 216 Ship-money, 215 Siam, 105, 163 Sicilies, the two, 306 Sidney, Sir Philip, 87 Siegen, 371, 374 Sieves, 345 f. Sigismund of Austria, Duke, 8 Silesia, 306 ff., 406 Simonszoon, Menno, 22 Six, burgomaster, 200 Skagerak, the, 182 Slaak, the, 146 Slangenburg, General, 288 Slave trade, 276; abolition of, 415 f. Slingelandt, pensionary, 226 Sluis, 12 f., 82, 89, 103, 254, 311, 330, 342 Social Contract, the, 332 Social-Democratic Bond, the, 425 " Social-Democratic Workmen's Party," the, 425 "Socialist Bond," the, 425 Sommelsdijk, lord of, see Aerssens Sonoy, Diedrich, stadholder, 50, 87 ff. Sophie, Queen, 417, 421 Sound, the, 180 ff., 229 ff. South Beveland, 58, 345 South Brabant, 383 South Holland, 58, 60, 62, 64 South Sea Company, 301 Southampton, treaty of (1625), 163 Southwold bay, 237, 252 Spa, 93 "Spanish Fury," the, 66 Spanish Succession, War of the, 280 ff., 285-297, 299 Spectateur Beige, the, 384 f. Spice trade, 105, 161 ff., 276 Spiegel, Hendrik Laurensz, 191 f. Spinola, Ambrosio de, 103 ff., 107, 120, 139 f., 145, 150 Spinoza, Baruch, 190 Spinozan system, the, 190 Spitsbergen, 99, 123 f., 143, 166 St Agatha, convent of, 79 St Anthony fort, 144 St Antonio de Padua, 174 St Bartholomew, massacre of, 53, 78 St Denis, 265 St Dizier, 30 St Eustatius, 323, 327 St Germain, 283 St Germain-en-Laye, 245 St Isabella fort, 144 St jfago, ship, 174 St John, Henry, Viscount Bolingbroke, 294 f. St John, Oliver, 212 ff. St Martin, 328 St Omer, 40 St Quentin, battle at (i557), 28 St Trond, 39 St Venant, 294 St Vincent, 171 Stad en Landen, 93, m Stadholders, powers and functions of, 4f., us f- Stair, Lord, 307 Standdard, De, 420 Stanley, Sir William, 87 f. Staten river, 164 States-Flanders, 103 States-General, constitution of, 3 f., in f-, 345 Steen, Jan, 200 Steenbergen, 82 Steenwijk, 93, 258 Steinkirk, 279 Stevin, Simon, 198 Steyn, council-pensionary, 316, 318 f. Stock-dealing, 322 Stockholm, 121, 201, 230 Stoke, Melis, 190 Storv, Rear-Adrniral, 352 Strafford, Earl of, 152 Strafford, Lord, 295 Strasburg, 267, 280 Strickland, Walter, 203 f., 212 f. Strickland, William, 154 Stuyvesant, Peter, 177 INDEX 461 Suffren, French admiral, 328 Sugar plantations, 276, 340 Sumatra, 163 Surat, 275 Surinam, 243, 248, 261, 276, 327, 347, 416, 418; Society of, 345 Survivance Acte de (1631), 145, 202 Swammerdam, Jan, 199 Sweden and Holland, relations of, 178- 182 Swedo-Dutch Company, 179 Swiss Cantons, the, 8 Tableau sommaire des pretensions, 330 Tagus, the, 289 Tallard, Marshal, 288 Talleyrand, 349, 352, 396, 400 f. Tasman, Abel, 164 Tasmania, 164 f. 