None
Oppel. Die BaumwoUe. Leipzig, 1902. Orschatz. Ueber den Bau der wichtigsten verwendbaren FaserstofiFe. . Polyt. Centralblatt, p. 1279. 1848. Parent-Duchatelet. Le rouissage du chanvre. Paris, 1832. Parlatore. Le specie dei cotoni. Florence, 1866. Pelouze. Expos6 complet de la culture du cot on aux Antilles. Paris, 1838. Persoz. Essai sur le conditionnement de la soie, etc. Paris, 1878. Le conditionnement de la soie. Paris, i887« Pfuhl. Papierstoffgarne. Riga, 1904. Polleyn. Dressings and Finishings for Textile Fabrics. Trans. Salter. Ix)ndon, 191 1. Quatremere-Disjonval. Essais sur les caract6res qui distinguent les cotons de diverses parties du monde. Paris, 1 784. Rawson, Gardner, and Laycock. Dictionary of Dyes, Mordants, etc.; articles relating to Textile Fibres. London, 1901. Reiser and Spennrath. Handbuch der Weberei. Berlin, 1885. Reissek. Die Fasergewebe des Leins, etc. Vienna, 1852. Renouard. Les arts textiles. Les fibres textiles des pays tropicaux. Reybaud. Le coton. Paris, 1863. Richard. Die Gewinnung der Gespinnstfasern. Bnmswick, 1881. Rohde. Beitrage zur Kenntniss des WoUhaares. Eldenaer Archiv. 1856, 1857. Romen. Die Bleicherei, Farberei und Appretur der BaumwoUwaren, etc. Berlin, 1879. Royle. On the Culture of Cotton in India, etc. London, 1851. The Fibrous Plants of India. London, 1855. Sadtler. Handbook of Industrial Organic Chemistry. Philadelphia, 1897. Saladin. La filature du coton. Paris. Sansone. Dyeing Wool, Silk, Cotton, etc., vol. i, pp. 18-32, London, 1888. Printing of Cotton Fabrics, pp. 53-73. London, 1901. Savorgnan. Coltivazione ed industria delle piante tessili. Milan, 1890. 598 THE TEXTILE FIBRES Schacht. Die Priifung der im Handel vorkommenden Gewebe. Berlin, 1853. Schick. Der Teztilchemiker. Reuss 1910. Schlesinger. Examen microscopique et microchemique des fibres textiles. Paris, 1875. Schmidt. Schafzucht und Wollkunde. 1852. Schunck. On Some Constituents of the Cotton Fibre. London, 1868. - - On the Color of Nanking Cotton. London, 1873. Shepperson. Cotton Facts. New York. Sicard. Guide pratique de la culture du coton. Paris, 1866. Siegfried. Sur le coton de T Algeria. Silberbach. Handbook of Vegetable and Mineral Products. Liverpool, 1887. Silbermann. Die Seide. 2 vols. Dresden, 1897. Squier. Tropical Fibres. New York, 1863. Stivern. Die kiinstliche Seide. Berlin, 191 2. Terwagne. Du lin, du chanvre, etc. Lille, 1852. Thomson. The Sizing of Cotton Goods. Manchester, 1875. Thorf)e. Dictionary of Applied Chemistry: articles relating to Textile Fibres. New York, 1895. Todaro. Relazioni sulla cultura dei cotoni in Italia. Rome, 1878. Trot man and Thorpe. The Principles of Bleaching - and Finishing of Cotton. London, 191 1. United States Report. The Cotton Plant. Bulletin No. S3f Dept. of Agriculture, 1896. Ure. The Philosophy of Manufacture. London, 1835. On the Cotton Manufacture of Great Britain. London, 1861. Cotton Spinning and Manufacture. London, 1861. Vautier. L'art de la filature du coton. Paris, 1821. Vetillart. Etudes sur les fibres vegetales textiles. Paris, 1876. Vignon. La soie. Paris, 1890. Wagner. Handbuch der Physiologic. Artikel "Der Haut." Chemical Technology: "Fibres," pp. 798-871. Trans. Crookes. New York, 1897. Walmsley. Cotton Spinning. London, 1883. Walton. The Story of Textiles. Boston, 191 2. Watson. Fibre-yielding Plants of India. 1870. Watto. Cotton. London, 1877. Weddel. Monographic des Urtic6es. Paris, 1866. Weisner. Die Rohstoflfe des Pflanzenreiches, vol. 2, "Fasem." Leipzig, 1903. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der indischen Faserpflanzen. 1870. Einleitung in die technische Mikroskopie. 1867. ANALYSIS OF THE TEXTILE FIBRES 599 Weisner und Prasch. Ueber die Seiden, in Mikroskop. Untersuchungen, 1872, p. 45; und Dingl. Polyt. Jour., p. 190. 1868. Wertheim. Ueber den Bau des Haarbalges. Vienna, 1864. Wheeler. A Handbook of Cotton Cultivation in Madras. Madras, 1862. Willems. La soie artiUcielle. Paris. Witt. Chemische Technologic der Gespinnstfasem, part i. Brunswick, 1891. Part n, 191 1. Worden. Nitrocellulose Industry. 2 vols. New York, 191 1. Zetzsche. Faserstofife. Leipzig, 1905. Zipser. Textile Raw Materials. (Trans. Salter.) London, 1901. INDEX A PAGB Abaca 435 Abelmosckus teiraphyUos 156 Absorbent cotton 258 Abutilon, varieties of 399 Abutilon avicettftae 39<) incanum •. 399 Acetate silk 62 Acid index of bleached cotton 515 Acidi6ed wool, dyeing properties of 62 Acid-proof fabrics 290 Adamkiewitz's test 137 Adenos cotton 221 Adipocelluloses 282 Adsorption theory in dyeing 304 African bowstring hemp 452 cottons 220 sheep 16 Agave americana % 157 fibre 43Q Algodon de seda 350 Alkali-cellulose 278, 309 Ailanseed cotton 211 Aloe fibre 443 hemp 507, 509 Alo€ pcrfoliala ^ 156 Alpaca 98 Ambari hemp 416, 429 action of steam on 430 American cotton 211 Amiantus asbestos 10 Amino-cellulose 296 Amyloid 276 Analysis of textile fabrics and yams 517 textile fibres 461 Analytical table for mixed fibres. 4S2 [601 602 INDEX PACK Anaphe silk i:8 Angola sheep i6 AnUin sulphate, reactions with 1 79 Animal and vegetable fibres, distinction between 6, 466 Animal fibres 6 hair, structure of .^ 14 Animalized cotton 381 Annual sUkworms 107 AfUker^ia assama 1 18 myliUa 118 Pernyi 118, 492 yama-mai ^i8 Antiphlogin 353 Aigali 16 Arkansas cotton 211 Arryndia ricini 492 Arsenic in wool 52 Artificial fibres, classes of 11 horse-hair 286, 373 lace 373 maline 373 Artificial silk, action of water on 373 bleaching of 375 comparison of different varieties of 377 covering power of 374 density of 376 drying of 375 dyeing properties of 375 hygroscopic properties of 376 lustre of 376 properties of 373 scrooping of 37S size of 374 statistics for 351 strength of 372 tensile strength of 375 varieties of 351 silks 13 identification of 483 microscopical comparison of 489 testing with ruthenium red 488 Artificial silk yams, numbering of 591 wool , 79, 407 Asbestos 9 dyeing of 11 fabrics from 11 method of spinning 11 INDEX €03 PACK Asclepias cornuti 500 cotton 347 Ash, determination of in vegetable fibres 181 in textile fabrics, analysis of. • 571 Ashmouni cotton :. 218 AUacus atlas T 118 lunula 492 ricini 118 AUaUa funifera 174, 458 Auchenia huanaco 95 llama 95 paco 92 vicuHa 94 B Baden hemp 419 Bahmia cotton 217 Bakrabadi jute 402 Banana fibre 157 Barbadoes cotton 208 Barwall sheep 16 Bash hemp , 418 Basinetto silk 113 Basketry fibres 4 163 Bast fibres 152, 154, 165, 170 classification of 171 reactions for 478 Bastose 404 Bauhinia racemosa 156, 174 Bave of silk fibre 114 Bayko yam 12 Bearded sheep 16 Beard-hair 17 BeaumorUia grandifiora 349 Benders cotton 211 Bengal hemp 416 Bhatial jute 402 Bibliography of textile fibres 593 Big-horn sheep 16 Biuret test 137 Black-faced sheep 16 Black-fellow's hemp 416 Black wool in sheep 52 Bleached cotton, acid index of 515 analysis of 512 604 INDEX ?AGt Bleached cotton, copper index of 515 test for oxycdlulose in 515 Bleaching wool with peroxides 68 with potassium permanganate 68 Blue bender cotton 264 Boehmeria nivea 156, 410 tenacissima 156, 410 Boiled-off liquor 131 Bombax carolinum 544 ceiba 343. 5oi cotton 343» 5'o cumanensis 344 hepiaphyllum 156, 343, 501 malaharicum 344 pentandrum 345 pubescens 344 rkodognapkalon 344 villosum 344 Bombay hemp 416 Bombyx mori 106 Bourette silk 1 20 Boweds cotton 211 Bowstring hemp 416 Bradford method of sorting wool ig Brazilian sheep 16 Brightening of silk ^ 1 25 Brin of silk fibre ^ 114 Broad-tail'sheep 16 Bromelia argenlina 457 fibres 455 karaias 156 pinguin 157, 456" sylvestris 457 Broom>grass * 157 Brown Egyptian cotton 220 hemp , 416 Brush fibres ; 162 Byssus silk 150 Caesar weed fibre 452 Cago sheep 16 Calcino in silkworm 115 Calculations in*conditioning textiles 539 Calcutta hemp ^ 402 INDEX 605 PACK Calf hair loi Calotropis gigantea 156, 548, 501 proctra 500, 510 Camel hair 96, 98 noils 98 Canadian asbestos 11 Canapa piccola 417 Cannabis saliva 156, 41 7 Caraguata fibre 457 Carbohydrates 268 Carbonization of shoddy 80 Carbonizing rags 277 Carded silk 120 yams 46 Carludcvica Palmaia 162 Caryota wens 162, 458 Cashmere 88 Cat-hair 102 Caulking fibres i6j Caustic soda, recovery of in mercerizing 332 Cebu hemp 416 Ceiba cotton 343, 502 Cellulo silk -. 363 Celluloid 290 Cellulose 260, 268 constitution of 271 critical temperature for 300 degree of hydration of 312 determination of in vegetable fibres 182 mucilage value of 300 Cellulose acetate 280 aceto-sulphate 281 benzoate 280 hexanitrate 291 hydrate 309, 339 nitrates 292 pentanitrate 292 peroxide 301 suli>hate 281 thiocarbonate 278 xanthate 278 Century plant 444 Chapped silk 1 28 Chardonnet silk , 353 Chemical analysis of textile materials 528 Chemical reactions of principal fibres 463 China grass 410, 503 606 INDEX PACK Chinese jute 599 sheep 16 Chlorinated wool 69 detection of 69 Chlorinating wool, method of 69, 70 Cholesterol 50 Chrysotile 10 Cibotium glaucum 346 Classes of fibres 5 Classification of textile fibres i wool fibres in fleece 17 Cocklospermum gossypium 502, 510 Cocoon, the silk in Cocos nucifera 157 Cocuha fibre , 425 Cohesi veness of textile fibres ^ 2 Coir 509 fibre 156, 447 Collodion 290 silk 3S3 Colloidal nature of fibres 6 Colorado River hemp 416 Combed yams 45 Commercial vegetable fibres 461 Common hemp 417 sheep 16 Compound celluloses 281 Condenser yarns 210 Conditioned weight, table showing 549 Conditioning, calculations involved in 539 Conditioning apparatus 537 at Bradford 534 of textiles 532 of wool 76 Congo sheep 16 Copper index of bleached cotton 515 Carchorus capsularis 156, 399 decemangulaius 399 fuscus 399 olUorious , 156, 399 Cordage fibres 161 strength of 427 Cardia UUifdia ^ 156 Cordonnet silk 130 Cork tissue 175 Corypha umbracvdifera 157 •Cosmos fibre 80 INDEX 607 PAGB Cotted fleeces 50 Cotton 503, 509 absorbent 258 action of acids on 285 action of alkalies on 295 action of ammonia on 296 action of coloring matters on 304 action of concentrated caustic soda on 297 action of cuprammonium solution on 284 action of ferments on 306 action of heat on 282 action of human saliva on 306 action of hydrofluoric acid on •. 292 action of magnesium chloride on 303 action of metallic salts on 302 action of mildew on 306 action of nitric acid on 289 action of organic acids on 292 action of oxalic acid on 293 action of sodium sulphide on 297 action of sulphur on 297 action of tannins on 294 action of water on 284 action of zinc chloride on 285 albuminous matter in 267 boiling-out of 261 botany of 188 chemical constitution of 260 chemical reactions of 282 coloring matter in 264 degree of hydration of 340 degree of mercerization of 338 derivation of word 1 86 effect of kier-boiling on 295 electrical potential of 73 first cultivation of in U. S 187 foreign names for 205 grading of in America 224 grading of in Europe 214 history of 184 hygroscopic quality of 255 impurities in raw 260 manufactured value of one pound of 241 mineral matter in 264 origin and growth of 188 products of dry distillation of 283 regain for 257 608 INDEX PACK Cotton, statistics of i88 tendering of with sulphur dyes 287 varieties of 205 Cotton and linen, distinction between 473 Cotton cloth, analysis of 570 mercerizing of 331 Cotton fabrics, flameproofing of 303 Cotton fibre, action of Schweitzer's reagent on 242 anatomical structure of 24 1 changes due to mercerizing 312 chemical analysis of 262 conditions affecting quality of 204 dimensions of 229 method of analysing 263 microchemical reactions of 249 microscopy of 245 number of twists in 227 physical structure of 227 physiological development of 200 primary elements of 204 spinning qualities of 250 structural parts of 242 tensile strength of 250 Cotton grass 168, 496 Cotton plant, analysis of 198 botanical classification of 213 cross fertilization of 213 description of 189 fertilizing constituents in 199 method of cultivation of 191 Cottonseed, analysis of 199 products obtained from 198 utilization of 198 Cotton sliver, mercerizing of 330 Cotton tree 212, 343 Cotton warps, mercerizing of 330 Cotton-wax 261 Cotton wool, dimensions of fibre of 156 Cotton yarn, contraction of during mercerizing 323 count of 215 determining count of 579 Cottonized flax 390 ramie 412 Count of woolen yarn ; 582 Count of yam, definiton of 577 variations allowable in 580 Courtrai flax 386 INDEX 609 PAGE Cow hair 99 Crdpon effects, on union goods 66 on woolen goods 72 Cretan hemp 416 sheep 16 Crimean sheep i6 Crin vigHal 160 Crinol 373 Crotolaria juncea 156 Cuba bast 161 Cuban hemp 416, 424 Cuprammonium hydrate, preparation of 269 silk 360 Cuprate silk 352 Curumbar sheep 16 Cutose 1 75, 282 Cyperus unilans 163 Cyprian gold thread. ,,,..,,, 12 D Dacca cotton 224 Date palm fibre 157 Dead cotton 228 Deccan sheep 16 Degumming silk 131 Denier, definition of. 583 different forms of 583 Deo cotton 207 Deora jute 402 Desi jute 401' Deswal jute 401 Diazotized wool 64 Dicotyledonous plants 152 Discharging silk 131 Doe, beard-hair of 31 Domestic sheep 17 Double cocoons 113 Dukhun sheep 16 Du Vivier's silk 360 Drying of wool 76 Durability of fibres ,...,.,.....,....., , , 5 610 INDEX £ PAGE Echappe silk 1 29 Economic classification of vegetable fibres 160 Economic limit of length of fibres 2 Edrldon vigitaU 346 Egyptian cotton, varieties of 218 Elairerin 51 EUbU guineensis 157 Electrical potential of fibres 73 Elephant grass 168 Embroidery silk 130 Endochrome in cotton fibre 203 Ekiuivalent counts of yarns 578 Eriodendron anfractuosum 345, 501 Escurial sheep 23 Esparto 505 fibre 157 grass 156 Excelsior fibre 159 Extract wool. , , » 1 1 , i , , , , ; 79. 80 Fabric fibres 160 False hemp 416 False sisal hemp 416 Feather-grass fibre 157 Fehling's solution, preparation and use of 552 Fezzan sheep 16 Fibres chiefly used for textiles i Fibroin , ^3^, i33 action of polarized light on solution of 140 analysis of 134 chemical reactions of ... ! 138 composition of 137 dipeptide of 138 formula for 134 of tussah silk 147 preparation of pure 134 prop>ortion of in raw silk 135 saponification of 134 Fibro- vascular bundles 7 Fiji sea-island cotton 217 Finishing materials, estimation of on fabrics 570 Fique fibre 425 INDEX 611 PAGE Fireproofing of cotton fabrics. .■ 303 Flacherie in silkworm 115 Flame-proofing of cotton fabrics 303 Flax, grading of 383 retting of 385 Flax dust, composition of 397 Flax fibre, action of steam on 394 analysis of 395 cell dimensions of 394 chemical properties of 392 color of 393 comparison of with cotton 394 description of 390 Flax in United States 383 Flax plant, description of 383 Fleece, qualities of fibre in 22 Florette silk 1 29 Florida bowstring hemp 452 sea-island cotton 216 Floss silk 113,127 Formic acid, use of in mordanting 71 Frisons 113 Frisonnets silk 113 Fruit-fibres 153, 166 Fur, use of in textiles 15 Galettame silk 113 Galgal fibre 346 Gallini Egyptian cotton 217 Gambo hemp 157, 429, 506, 510 Garar sheep 16 Gattine in silkworm 115 Gelatin silk 372 Georgia cotton 211 Giant hemp 416 Ginning 197 Glass wool 12 Glovers' wool 42 Goat-hair 88 Goitred sheep 16 Gorilla yam 91 Gossypium acuminatum 156 album 205 arboreum 156, 205, 223 612 INDEX PACE Gossypium arbareum, botany of 211 bitrbadense 156, 205 botany of 207 braziliense 205 ckinense 205 canghmeratum 1 56 croceum 206 eglandttlosum 2c<> datum 206 frucUscens 206 fuscum 2C<> glabrum 206 glandidosum 206 herhaceum 156, 201 ,217 botany of 208 kirsuium 206, 210, 221 indicum 206 jamaicense 206 javanicum 206 kirkii 206 laliffdium 206 leonivum 206 macedonictim 206 maritimum 206 micranthum 206 moUc 206 nanking 206 negUctum 206 nigrum 206 obtusifolium 206 digospermum 206 paniculalum 206 perenne 206 peruvianum 207, 21 2 punctotum 207 rcicemosum 207 rdigiosum 207 roxburgkianum 207 sandwickense 213 siamense 207 sinense 207 stocksii 207 stricium 207 tahitense 212 iomentosum 207 tricuspidatum 207 vitifalium 207 INDEX 613 PAGE Oossypium wightianum 207 Grading of cotton 224 Grass cloth 412 Grasserie in silkworm 116 Green ramie 410 Gxhgz silk 127 Guimara fabric 435 Guiaea sheep 16 H Hair fibres 168 follicle • 26 Hayti hemp 416 Heat-retaining value of fabrics 8 Hemp 157, 416, 504, 512 action of steam on 3S>4 varieties of 416 Hemp and flax, distinction between 421 H^lnp ^bre, microscopy of 418 retting of " 418 Hemp yams, numbering of 592 Hibiscus cannabinus 156 elatiis 161 esctdenitts 429 Hingunghat cotton 2 20 Holoplelia integrifolia 156 Honduras silk-grass 457 Hooniah sheep 16 Hop fibre 157 Hornblende 9 Horse-hair loi Hoya viridiflora 501 Humulus lupulus '. 157 Hydrocellulose 276, 288, 339 Hydrolysis of vegetable fibres 181 Hygienic flannels 350 Hygroscopic moisture in fibres, method of determining 259 If6 hemp 416, 452 Indian cotton, varieties of 221 hemp 417 lodin-sulphuric add reagent, reactions with 177, 474 614 INDEX PAGB Isocholesterol 51 Istle fibre 450 Ita palm fibre 157 Italian hemp, analysis of 423 silk, analysis of 132 Ixtle fibre 445 J Jangipuri jute 402 Japanese braid fibres f 62 floor mattings 163 raw silk, analysis of 132 Jaumave istle 450 Javanese sheep 16 Jubbulpore hemp 417 Juncus effusHs 163 Jute 399, 505, sir action of steam on 394 analysis of 405 chemical composition of 404 commercial varieties of 401 distinction from other fibres 477 retting of 400 Jute butts 401 cuttings 401 fibre 157 microscopy of 402 physical properties of 406 Jute yarns, numbering of 5q i • K Kapok 345 analysis of 346, 481 detection of cotton in 481 Karaias plumitri 457 Karimganji jule ^ 402 Kemps 42 Keratin 5S Kidney cottons •. 205, 223 Kittool fibre 162 Kittul fibre 162, 459 Kjeldahl's process of analyzing weighted silk 560 Kosmos fibre 407 INDEX 615 PAGB Kumbi fibre 346 Kuri'Wala silk, analysis of 132 Kydia calycina 156 Lace-barks 161 Lace-bark fibre 157, 161 Lactic acid, use of in mordanting ^ 71 Lagelta lintearia 157 Lana del lambor 344 Lana vegetal • 344 Lanuginic acid 55 reactions of 56 Lasiosyphon speciosus 156 Lea, definition of 579 Leaf-fibres 153, 165 Leaf-hairs 152 Lechuguilla fibre 445 Lehner*s silk 359 Licella yam 460 Ligneous matter, chemical reactions for 478 Lignification, chemical constants of 410 Lignin 175, 177 amount in textile fibres 180 detection of in fibres 1 79 test for. 155 Lignocellulose 175, 282, 407 action of chlorin on 408 phloro glucinol test for .409 Lignocellulose and cellulose, distinction between 408 Linden bast 156, 157 Linen 157, 382, 503, 510 action of Schweitzer's reagent on 392 ash in 395 chemical properties of 392 color of 393 hygroscopic nature of 397 lustre of 393 microchemical reactions of 394 microscopy of 390 regain in conditioning 397 Linen and cotton, chemical distinction between 394, 473 Linen and hemp, distinction between 394, 477 Linen and tow yams, distinction between 393 Linen wax ••..... 396 616 INDEX PAGI Linen yarns, loss in bleaching 393 numbering of 398, 591 spinning of 398 Linkmeyer*s process for artificial silk 363 Linters 199 Linum angusUMium 382 cathariicum 382 crepitans 382 lewisii 382 Perennt 382 usUatissimum 156, 382 Llama 91 fibre 95 Louisiana cotton 211 Lumen, in plant fibres 154 Lustering of silk 125 Lustra-cellulose 352 Lustre of fibres S Lustre of wool, effect of chemical agents on 36 Lygatum spartum 157 Lyon's gold thread 12 M Maceo cotton 223 Madagascar sheep 16 Majagua fibre 429 Manila hemp 43S» 507i So8i Sio action of steam on 394 Manila hemp and sisal, distinction between 47^ fire 157 Many-homed sheep 16 Marabout silk 1 29 Maranhams cotton 223 Marine fibre 434 Matting fibres 163 Matiritia jUxucsa 157 Mauritius hemp 443 Median layer in fibres 170 Meliotus alba I57 Memphis cotton 211 Mercerized cotton 3°^ boiling-out of cotton for 331 cause of lustre in 313 distinction of from ordinary cotton 337 dyeing properties of ..•..; 335 INDEX 617 PAGB Mercerized cotton increased affinity of for dyes 334 iron in 266 microscopy of 341 physical appearance of 312 properties of 333 reactions of 336 scroop in .* 327 tests for 338 Mercerized wool 66 Mercerizing, chemicals employed in 318 conditions of 318 contraction of cotton during 323 history of 308 machines for 330 methods of 330 quality of fibre for 327 quantity of caustic sdoa used in 321 temperature for 320 tension in 324 theory of 317 time required in 323 use of sodium chloride in 319 washing as a process in 326 Mercerizing liquors, recovery of caustic soda from 332 Merino sheep 16, 23 Meta-pectin 388 Metal threads 12 Metallic threads, uses of 13 Metab in ash of weighted silk, testing for 552 Meteor fabrics 373 Methyl value of fibres 179, 180 Mexican fibre 457 Micro-analytical tables for vegetable fibres 494 Microscopic analysis of fabrics 574 Microscopical comparison of fibres 484 Mildew, varieties of on cotton 306 Mildew in wool 74 Milkweed fibre 2, 347 Millon's reagent, preparation of 136 Mineral fibres 9 Minor hair fibres 85 Mirganji jute 402 Mississippi cotton 211 Mitafifi cotton 218 Mobile cotton 211, 222 Mohair 85 microscopy of 86 618 INDEX PAGE Mohair noils 87 Moisture, determination of in vegetable fibres 181 influence of in weaving yams 78 Moisture in different fibres 536 fibres 77 Monocotyledonous plants 152 Mordants 70 Morocco sheep 16 MorvatU de la chine 16 Mountain sheep 16 (ji (mu), meaning of 9 Mulberry silk, analysis of 133 Mummy cloths 382 Mungo 80 Musa paradisaica 157 Muscardine in silkworm 115 Mysore sheep 16 N Nankin cotton 223 Narainganji jute 402 Natural silks, microscopical characteristics of 495 textures 161 Nepal sheep 16 Nepkila Madagascariensis 117 Neri silk 113 Nesselgarn 45^ NesseUuch 45^ Netting fibres 161 Nettle fibre iS7» 45^ New Zealand flax 157, 430> S06. S°9 distinction from jute, hemp, and linen 476 microscopy of 433 Nigretti sheep 23 Nitrated cotton, microscopy of 290 Nitration value, determination of in vegetable fibres 182 Nitrates of cellulose 291 Noils 45 Non-Flam process of flameproofing 304 Norfolk cotton 211 Normal cellulose 260 preparation of from cotton 270 Nurma cotton 207 INDEX 619 O PAGB Ochroma lagopus 34^1 502 Oil and grease, estimation of in fabrics 568 Oil palm fibre 157 Okra fibre 429 Organzine silk 128 Orleans cotton 221 Orsey silk 1 29 Ouaie vigiiale 346 Oxycellulose 290, 298 tests for 514 Ovis ammon 16 ammon guineensis 16 aries 16 aries angolensis 16 aries congensis 16 aries numiduB 16 aries sieaiiniara 16 bamal 16 brevicaudaius 16 cagia 16 eikiopiae , , 16 guineensis 16 kispanial 16 laticaudalus , 16 langicaudaius 16 musmon , 16 pdyceratus 16 rusticus 16 selingia 16 strepsiceros 16 P Packing fibre •••.•. 164 Paina limpa 343 Palma istle 450 Panama fibre ^ 162 hats, fibre for • • • •. 162 Pandanus odaratissimus 156 Pangane hemp 417, 452 Paper fibres 164, 166 mulberry fibre 157 Para-pectin 388 Parenchyma 7 620 INDEX PAGB Paiies de lUvre 346 Pauly's silk 360 Peat fibre 80 Pebrine in silkworm 115 Pectic acid 388 Pectin 388 compounds in cotton 264 matters 388 Pectinase 387 Pectocelluloses 281 Pectose 282, s$S Pectosic acid 388 Peeler cotton 211 Penna ndbilis 150 Percys cocons 113 Pemambuco cotton 223 Persian wool 91 Peruvian cotton 222 sea-island cotton 217 Phloem 154 Phoenix daclylifera 157 Phormium tenax 156, 430 Piassave fibre 174, 458 Pigment in wool, composition of 40 Pifla cloth 447 Pineapple fibre 157, 446, 504, 508 Piques cocoons 113 PiU fibre 156, 157, 444 hemp 508, 509 Plaiting fibres 162 Plant cells 6 Plant fibres, anatomical classification 153 classification of 153 dimensions of raw 156 Planta de TorquiUa '. 162 Pliability of textile fibres 3 Plumose fibres 168 Plush goods, analysis of 523 Poil silk 130 Polyvoltine silkworms 107 Poplar cotton 498 Porosity of fibres 4 Properties required in a textile fibre i Pseudo-fibres 159 jute 505, 510 Pua hemp 417 Pucha sheep 16 INDEX 621 PAGB Pulled wool 42 Pidu fibre 346 Pure cellulose, isolation of in vegetable fibre 270 hemp 418 Pyroxene 9 Pyroxylin 290 hydrate 356 Qualitative tests for fibres 462 Queensland hemp 417 R Rabbit-hair 103 Ramie 157, 410, 503 analysis of 416 Ramie fibre, microscopy of 413 yams, numbering of 592 Rangoon hemp 417 Raphia fibre 454 Rapkia taedigera 157 vinifera 458 Raw silk, microscopy of varieties of 149 weighting of 553 Reactions of natural and artificial silks 486 Reagents for testing fibres 463 Reed-mace hair 498 Regains for conditioning textiles 534 in textiles, mathematical relations in 541 in wool 76 of worsted yams 533 Regenerated cellulose 280 Resist colors 65 dyeing 65 Retting, bacteria of 387 Retting of linen 382 Rhea 41.0 Ricotti silk 113 Rippling flax 385 Roa fibre 503 Roller gin 197 Roselle hemp ^. .. » s 417 Rough Peruvian cotton 223 622 INDEX PAGE Rugginose cocoons 1 13 Ruthenium red, microchemical reagent 488 Sakusan silk, analysis of 132 Salix alba 157 Sansemeria fibre 157, 452, 507 Santos cotton 222 Sarothamnus vulgaris 157 Salurnia cecropia 492 Polyphemus 492 spini 491 Savannah cotton 211 Saw gin 197 Schreiner finish 342 Schweitzer's reagent, preparation of 269 reactions with 178 Sclerenchymatous fibres 170 Scotch method of sorting wool 19 Scroop of silk 126 on mercerized yarn 327 on wool 69 Sea-grass 153, 454 Sea-island cotton 204, 215 Sea-silk 150 Sea-wrack 153 Seed-fibres 153 Seed-hairs 152, 168 Selina cotton 211 Sericin 131, 138 action of polarized light on solution of 140 analysis of 138 chemical reactions of 139 preparation of pure 139 Sericulture in America 106 Serin 139 Sewing silk 130 numbering of 587 Shajrmbliar sheep 16 Sheep, classes of 16 description of 14 first mention of in England 17 varieties of 16 varieties of foreign and British 20 Shoddy 79 INDEX 623 PAGE Shoddy, analysis of > 5^3 characteristics of 84 detection of 81 in fabrics 576 examination of 80 method of carbonizing 80 microscopy of 80 stripping of with nitric acid 64 varieties of 79 Short-tailed sheep 16 Sida retusa 156 Silk, absorption of mixed acids by 63 action of acids on 141 action of Adamkiewitz's reagent on 136 action of alcoholic potash on 136 action of alkalies on 143 action of barium hydrate on 136 action of chlorin on 146 action of dyestuffs on 146 action of formic acid on 146 action of heat on 141 action of hydrochloric acid on 142 action of hydrofluoric acid on 142 action of hydrofluo-silicic acid on 142 action of metallic salts on 143 action of Millon's reagent on 136 action of nitric acid on 141 action of nitrous acid on 141 action of polarized light on 493 action of Schweitzer's reagent on 146 action of sodium chloride on 144 action of stannic chloride on 146 action of sugar on 146 action of tannic acid on 141 analysis of 132 ash in 133 biuret test for 137 brightening of 125 chemical constitution of 131 chemical reactions of 141 coefficient of acidity of 61 coloring matter of 140 conditioning of 1 24 density of 126 diazotizing of 136 electrical potential of 73 electrical properties of 125 624 INDEX PACK Silk, lustering of 125 lustre of 125 microchemical tests for 490 microscopical characteristics of natural 495 moisture in 124 physical properties of 124 production of cr6pon effects on 143 products of hydrolysis from 137 proportion of fibroin in 135 scroop of 126 structure of 105 tensile strength of 1 25 Silk and cotton fabrics, analysis of 523 Silk cocoon, formation of 1 11 Silk-cotton plant 214 Silk fabrics, analysis of weighting in 551 Silk fibre, microchemical reactions of 120 microscopy of 120 Silk filament, size of 114 thickness of 114 Silk-glue 131 Silk-grass 157, 446 Silk industry, history of 106 statistics of 107 Silk-reeling 127 Silk shoddy 113 Silk yams, numbering of 583 Silk-wadding 130 Silkworm, description of 105 diseases of 114 Silkworm culture, methods of 107 Silvalin yam 460 Silver cloth 347 Simal cotton 344 Sinew fibre 151 Single silk 130 Sisal hemp 439 Size of yams, determination of 577 Slag wool 13 Small hemp 417 Smooth-haired sheep 16 Smooth Peruvian cotton 223 Smyrna cotton 218 Sole de France 360 Sole ondie 130 Soyan cloth 119 Si>anish sheep 16 INDEX 625 PACE Spartium junceum 157 Specific heats of fibres 8 Spider silk 117 Spinning fibres 160 Sponia wightii 156 Spontaneous combustion, testing fabrics for 573 Spun glass, fibres from 12 Spun silk 1 28 Spun silk yams, numbering of 587 " Staff," fibres for 164 Staple of wool 18 Stearerin 51 Stegmata in plant fibres 1 76 Stem-fibres * 153, 166 Sterctdia viUosa 1 56 Sthenosage process for artificial silk 369 Stripping shoddy with nitric acid 64 Stripping silk 131 Strophantus fibre 500 Structural classification of vegetable fibres 1 58 Structural fibres 1 58 Stnissa silk 113 Sugar-cane hairs 498 Suint 51 Sulphur dyes, tendering of cotton by 287 Sultain cotton 219 Sunn hemp 157, 425, 504, 512 analysis of 429 Surat cotton 221 Surface fibres 159 Swedish hemp 417 Systematic analysis' of mixed fibres 481 Tahiti sea-island cotton 217 Talipot palm fibre 157 Tampico hemp 417 Tanners' wool 42 Tannic acid, action on cotton 294 Tarmate cocoons 113 Tartary sheep 16 Tensile strength of fibres, method of determining 253 Texas cotton 211, 221 Textile fibres, action of metallic salts on 71 specific gravity of 555 626 INDEX PAOB Textilose yams 459 Theory of dyeing of cotton 304 Thespesia lampas 1 56 Thibet wool 80 Thiele's silk 363 Thrown silk, numbering of 587 TUia europaea 157 TUlandsia fibre 156, 454 usneoides 454 Tin, detection of in textile fabrics 558 Titre of silk yarns 583 Tops 45 Tow yarns, distinction between linen and 393 Tram silk 128 Tree-basts 161 Tree cotton 212 True Indian hemp 425 Tula isUe 450 Tuscan braid fibres 162 Tussah silk 1 18, 147 analysis of 133, 147 analysis of ash of 148 comparison of with true silk 148 structure of 122, 149 Tussur silk , 119 U Unbarri Egyptian cotton 219 Unripe cotton, properties of 228 Upholstery fibres 163 Upland cotton 211, 221 Urena sinuata 156, 452, 506 Urtica dioica 157, 451 Urtica nivea 157 urena 451 Uttariya jute 401 Van mohair gt Varieties of foreign sheep 20 Vascular bundles 165 fibres 152 INDEX 627 PAOB Vasculose 282 Vegetable down 343, 498, 509 Vegetable fibres 6, 152 analytical reactions of 471 analytical review of 508 chemical comp>o5ition of 174 chemical constants for 183 chemical investigation of 180 chemical properties of 1 74 classification of 157 color of 172 determination of acid pxirification value of 18 '^ determination of ash in 181 determination of carbon percentage in 182 determination of cellulose in 182 determination of mercerizing value of.