Visitations and Chapters-general of the Order of Cluni ... 1269-1529 ...
emuBc at Grtj^rei 'fry*7t^fz -a ^/]^^., uw^m^ /yj.^ tbuc /^a / i>uv/i^^^ lilt IC»:*«' TlfcIi*T yf "Uit f^XlUt 'rrttU*: 't'liM *,►♦ '^'i-Mti*, <-»j'. <<^>*>v V-r O', 3jBSx;idi£. SbC IL "ait Ui./W5bt V? l^Ubtoltlit XU L'<<1 y*^^': i'Viii^ 4>i»Ua, 20 OfilGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIBTKENTH OENTUEY. Status Patemiaci {Payerne, in cant* de Vaud) (S. postea). — Sunt ibi sexdecim monachi cum priore ; domus in spiritualibus satis bene regitur et honeste ; obligata est in quingentis libris lausannensibus, vel circa, propter defectus tarn bladi quam yini et aliorum necessariorum, qui extimati sunt sexvinginti lb. lausannenses ; cetera sunt in bono statu. Status de Vilariis {Villars in Vaud). — Sunt ibi duo monachi cum priore ; in spiritualibus satis bene regitur et honeste ; domus debet XXY. lib. lausannenses ; suffi- cienter munita est in necessariis usque ad novos f ructus ; cetera sunt in bono statu. Status de Othon-Vilar. — Est ibi unus monachus cum priore ; domus debet X. lib. basilienses, et pro defectu in necessariis usque ad novos fructus, LX. sol. dicte monete. Status de Luguessenges,^ et de Ponte de Barges. — Debent. X. lib. basilienses; minima edificia sunt ibi propter persecutionem guerrarum. Status de Mieges [Mieges (Jura, c. de Nozeroy)].*® — Sunt ibi duo monachi cum priore ; in spiritualibus satis bene regitur; domus debet XXX. lib. viennenses; bene munita est usque ad novos fructus ; cetera sunt in bono statu. Status de Altakelique [Altkirch (Haut-Rhin)].*^ — Domus detenetur solvere, primo in Basilea (Bale), XX. lib. ; item procuratori de Salenne XX. lib. ; item pro blado et vino XX. lib. ; item in minutis debitis XX. lib. ; et de LX. lib. habet terminum usque ad messes ; et in ^ The priory of Lnzinges, here possibly alluded to, was annexed to that of Ocenvillars (Bibl. Clun, Col. 1744). ^^ Mi^ge (Jura), a commune in the canton of Nozeroy, was a priory in after times annexed to the Chapter of Nozeroy (Jura), the prieard-cur^ mentioned by Dunod, II., 54. ^ Altkirch (Hant Hhin) was a chef- lieu and arrondissement, compris- ing among its seven cantons Ferrette and Hiiningen, in Alsace-Lorraine. The priory was dedicated to St. Moran (according to the Bibl. Clun.), and founded in the 12th century by the counts of Ferrette. It was given to Cluni in 1105 by Frederick, count of Ferrette, and ultimately in 1621 to the Jesuits of Friburg in Breisgau. Trouillat calls it Altkilkd, Altickilca, Altichequa, and the original deed of gift given by him, states that it was dedicated to St. Christopher. ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THK THIRTEENTH CENTURT. 21 illo termino cuilibet asBignata est solutio sua. Dicta domus habet Decessaria usque ad messes. Preterea sciendum est, quod dicta domus magnum defectum luibet in redditibus suis ; sic notum est omnibus ; insuper dicta domus tenetur solvere CLX. XXX** marcbas argenti, omni anno, que multum gravant ecclesiam; et in alio statu satis laudabiliter dicta domus se babet; sunt ibi mi^. monacbi cum priore. Status domus de Alta Petra {Haute-Pierre). — Sunt ibi ?uatuor monacbi sacerdotes {clioir-monks) cum priore. n spiritualibus satis bene rogitur ; domus debet VHP. lib. viennenscs ; bene munita est in necessariis usque ad novos fructus; cetera sunt in bono statu. Status de Frigido Fonte. — Est ibi unus sacerdos; nichil debet; pro metu guerrarum prior non audet ibi tenere aliqua animalia, quoniam Alemanni in dicta domo omnia que ibi invenerunt, rapuerunt. Status de Vallibus. — Sunt ibi X. monacbi cum priore; in spiritualibus bene se habent; in temporalibus vero, quia prior quasdam possessiones in anno isto redemit et tenet, debet LXX. lib. viennenses ; et habet victual ia suffi- cienter usque ad novos fructus ; cetera sunt in bono statu. f Written upon a roll of parchment, connoting of Itco leaves tacked end to end ; length 21 inches ; width 4} inches ; Kout. acq. lat 2270 ; No. 6 (numbered 8), Bibl. Nationale.] [VISITATION OF ST. ALBAN OF BALE," AND THE NUNNERY OF FELDBACH, OR VELBACH,*^ ABOUT 1269.] Ecce status ecclesiarum Sancti Albani Basiiiensis et de Veltpach. Ecclesia Sancti Albani tenetur in octo- ginta libras, et sunt ibidem XIII. monacbi ; annonam et vinum babent satis usque ad novam messem ; divina ibidem bene et regulariter exercentur. Quod autera ^ St. Alban of Bale (ger. Basel) occupied a site in the present suburb of Bale, now known as St. Alban. The monastery was not far from the con- fluence of the Birse with the Rhine, and was founded in 1053 bj Burkhard Ton Hiaenbarg, Bishop of Bale. In 1105 it was made over to St. Hugh, abbot of ClonL It reoeired charters of confirmation from Pope 22 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. hoc anno magis gravata fuit debitis, hec ratio est^ quod fecimus nova quedam edificia, bona et pulcra, et ecclesie multum necessaria. Ecclesia de Veltpach tenetur in sexaginta libras. Item sunt ibidem XXXIL moniales ; divinum officium reverenter exercetur ibidem, et regu- lariter. Item annonam et yinum habent satis usque ad novam messem. Item curie, ville et omnia que poterant igne cremari, sunt combusta propter guerras** comitum Eugenius 111. (1146), Celestine III. (1195), Honorius III. (1218), Gregory IV. (1283), and from the Eraperor Frederick I. (Barbarossa), etc. The religious communitj consisted of twelve monks, including the prior. It sufiered much from the conflagration of 5th July, 1417. In 1495 it was subjected to a reformed rule, and in 1529, on the introduc- tion of the Heformation, the house was suppressed. Subsequently the priory-church formed the (Evangelical) or parish^church of B&le, (Bibl. Clun., Col. 1742, 1752; Helvetia Sacra.) Bale, or Basle, formed at one time part of Suabia. The ancient diocese of BUle was comprised between the 46° 58' and the 47^ 84' of latitude, and the 24° 85' and 25° 15' of northern longitude, and almost locked in or en- closed by the range of the Jura. (S. Record-Evidences, posted). ** Feldbach (Velpach, Weltpach, Veldbach) was originally (according to Helvetia Sacra) an association of B6ghines (Beghinen), which, under that name, is still extant in Germany, etc. The community afterwards became a Benedictine, and lastly a Cistercian nunnery, and it would appear that the sisterhood followed the rule of Citeaux as early as 1259. They were then subject to the Visitation of the abbot of Salmenschwyl (Salem, Salemium, or Salomonis Villa) ; nevertheless, from these evidences of 1269, it is plain that the house (or foundation in question), was still subject to that of Cluni, or supposed to be so. This nunnery was founded (according to general belief) in 1152 on the lake of Constance, and the Ehine, below Steckbom, by Chuno de Feldbach, with the consent of the Barons of Kliugen (Ulrich and Walter), who are considered its co- founders, and was in the ancient diocese of Constance (S. Gallia Christiana, v., 1099 ; Helvetia Sacra). According to Trouillat, however, the fore- going account is quite erroneous, for Welpach is not Feldbach on the lake of Constance, but Feldbach in Alsace-Lorraine, between Ferretteand Hirsin- gen, and he quotes its charter of foundation by Frederick, Count of Ferrette, in 1145 in proof thereof, by which it is plainly evident that the same was founded for nuns of the order (or congregation) of Cluni. (Mon. de r^vechd de Bale, I., 289). It is worthy of note that the writing of this document is in a different hand from the Visitation of which it forms part. ^ The warfare here alluded to was doubtless a repetition of the intestine disputes going on between one or another count, who governed his ter- ritory according to his own free will, or the droit du plus fort. Such, nominally under the German Emperor, were the Counts of Lenzburg, of Bapperswyl, of Br^guenz, of Werdenberg, of Montfort, and number- less others, exercising almost sovereign power (Zschokke). OBIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIBTBBNTH OBNTUBY. 23 de Montebligardo,** et de Phirreto {The eomtei de Mont* beliard and de Ferrette), et omnia ibidem adeo devas- tata sunt, quod necessarium est ut dicte domine loco cedant. [On an oblong panel of parchment, 3} bi/ 4J^ inches; Nou7. acq. lat. 2270 ; (7), B.N.] [VISITATION OF CLUNIAO FOUNDATIONS IN 1275, MADE IN SWITZERLAND (GERMANY), ALSACE-LORRAINE, etc.] Status domorum in Alemannia et Lottoringia, anno Domini M''CO**LXX'' quinto, dorainica qua cantatur JvMInte. Status Sancti Albani in Basilea {St. Alban of Bale). Sunt ibi octo monachi, computato priore; qui prior invenit ipsam domum oreditoribus obligatam in 000. et XV. lib. Apud Istem {Istein)^ sunt V* inoniales, et duo monachi; prior invenit domum creditori obligatam in LVII. lib., de quibus solvit hoc anno XXV. lib.; et quia tam monachi quam sorores comedebant in una domo, nos eis precepimus, ut monachi in una domo et moniales in alia comederent. Apud Oellam {Gella), sunt VI. monachi computato priore, qui invenit domum creditori obligatam in CL. tribus marcis, de quibus solvit hoc anno XX. marchas. Apud Seildon {Seldon)^ sunt XX. moniales et duo ^ Montbeliard is now a chief town in the present department of Doubs, of which Besan9on is the capital. Doubs forms part of the late province of Franche Comt($, and lies on tlie frontier of Neuchatel. Fcrrette (ger. Pfirdt)was an ailjoiningor contiguous county in present Switzerland, beyond the borders of Franche Comte, which came into the possession of the Bishop of Bale in the 13lh century. The counts of Montbdliard were at one time counts of Ferrette. Frederick, count of Ferrette, son of Thierri, count of Montbeliard, gave, in 1105, the church of Altkirch to the abbot of Cluni. They seem to have lost Ferrette before 1230. Thecounts of Montbeliard and of Ferrette were both vassals of the Dukes ot Burgundy [S. Trouillat I., 225]. 24 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THB THIRTEENTH CENTURY. monachi; prior invenit domum creditoribus obligatam in LII. libris ; solvit hoc anno XVI. lib. Apud Tierenbac {Tkierenbach), sunt duo monachi com- putato priore, qui invenit domum creditoribus obligatam in LII. lib. ; solvit hoc anno XVI. lib. Apud Rubeum Montem (Bougemont), sunt III. monachi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in CO. libris ; tenetur modo tantum in HIP' libris. Apud Vandoperam {Fendosvrejf sunt tres monachi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in XL. lib., de quibus solvit XXVII. lib. Apud Boscum, sunt duo monachi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in IIPLX. (lb.) turon; solvit octaginta lib. Apud Tiecor, sunt duo monachi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in quingentas et viginti lb. turon, quas solvit usque ad centum et LX. lib. Apud Donam Mariam {Dannemari^), sunt I III** monachi, computato priore ; desunt tres secundum con- suetum numerum; prior invenit domum obligatam in nungentis (DOCCC.) octoginta lib. turon ; tenetur modo tantum in CLX. lib. Apud Relenges (Belanges), sunt V* monachi, deest unus secundum consuetum numerum ; prior invenit domum obligatam in OCXL. lib. ; tenetur modo in 0. lib. Apud Portum (Poit'Sur-Sadne), sunt tres monachi cum priore ; deest unus secundum consuetum numerum; prior invenit domum obligatam in CCXL. lib. ; tenetur modo in 0. lib. Apud Chauz, sunt tres monachi computato priore, qui invenit domum exoneratam ; adhuc in eodem statu est, hoc excepto, quod non percipit medietatem emendarum et collectarum ville de Clerevauz. Apud Altam Petram {Haute- Pierre), sunt V* monachi, computato priore; deest unus secundum consuetum numerum ; invenit domum obligatam in mille et octoginta libris; tenetur modo in OCC.XLII. libris. Apud Frigid um Fontem (Froide Fontaine^ Jura), deest unus monachus; prior invenit domum exoneratam; adhuc in eodem statu est. ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTUUY. 25 Apud Alta Kalich (AltUrch, Haut-Rhin)/* sunt IIIP' raonachi, coraputato priore, qui non erat ibi ; set dixit nobis quidam miles, quern predictus prior constituerat in procuratorem, et alii, quod prior invenit domum obli- gatam inXIIII. solidis; modo tenetur in III.O.L. marcis, exceptis alienationibus, venditionibus, permutationibus factis, sicut nobis aliquis dixit. Apud Felpac (Feldbach), sunt XXVI. moniales et duo monachi; prior invenit domum obligatam in COO. libris ; tenetur niodo in CXXX. libris. Apud Insulam {He de St. Pierre ; ger. St. Peter sinsel im Bielersee),^^ est unus monacbus cum priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in LII. libris certi debiti, et in 000. libris incerti, sicut dicit, exceptis XL VII. libris quas extorsit comitissa ab eo. Apud Otto Viler est unus monachus, excepto priore, qui invenit domum obligatam, ut dicit, in XLIIII. libris ; tenetur modo in XlllL libris. Apud Montem Richerii {Buggisherg^ Bochersberc; Mons Richerii),*® sunt III. [monachi]^ excepto priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in 0000. libris. *® Altkirch was founded in the tenth century by Frederick, Count of Ferrette. The place was a chef-lieu, in tlie arrondisscmcnt of that name in the Upper Rhine. It was dedicated to St. Christopher, and given in 1105 by its founder to the abbey of Cluni. *' This monastery was on the island of La Mothe, or St. Pierre, on the lac de Bienne (lac de Biel ; Bieler See), in the cantons of Berno and Neuchatel, and diocese of Lausanne. William IIL, Count of Burgundy and Macon, gave in 1107 to the abbot St. Hugh of Cluni, all that he possessed in Belmont (Belhiiuiid), as well as the above island in the lake of Bienne. In the earliest records it was called ** Insula medii lacns,** or ** Insula comitum," or simply " Insula " [Trouillat, I., 231]. The Bibl. Cluniacensis [col. 1742] gives the community as consisting of six monkn, including the prior. By a Bull of Pope Innocent VIII. it was annexed in 1484 to the then newly-founded house of St. Vincent of Berne ; for a while was partly disconnected, but finally incorporated with it in 1507. Peter is nam-.d as prior in 1220. The inland in modern times is known as having been in 1765 the temporary abo ie of J. J. Rousseau. ^ Kiiggisberg was a foundation dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul, in the diocese of Lausanne, in the canton of Berne, and district of Seftigcn. It was made over to Cluni in 1074-6 by Liithold von Rumlingen, and the donation coiifirmed by the Emperor Hen. IV. According to Bibl, E 26 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. Fratri Rodulfo, priori de Roterabac/* qui diffaraatur de incontinentia, precepimus ut apud Cluniacum veniret pro meritis recepturus. Apud Vilare (Villars)^ sunt III. monacbi cum priore qui invenit domum obligatam in LX. libris; tenetur rnodo in XXX. libris. Apud Paterniacura [Payerne (Vaud), S. postea p. 29], sunt XVIII. monacbi cum priore, qui invenit domura obligatam in VP libris ; tenetur adhuc in CCCC. libris. Apud Romanum Monasterium {Bomain-Moutier en Vaud), sunt XIX. monacbi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in OCC. et XL. libris ; tenetur adbuc in CO. et L. lib. Apud Meges {Mieges, Jura), sunt III. monacbi, com- putato priore; deest unus secundum consuetum numerum ; invenit domum exoneratam, et ita est. Apud Sanctum Nicolaum de Salinis [Saint Nicolas de Salins (Jura, near Poligny)],^^ sunt duo monacbi, com- putato priore, qui tenetur in quatuor libris. Apud Locum Dei sunt duo monacbi, computato priore, qui invenit domum obligatam in XLVII. libris, excepto debito prioris de Vauz, qui asserit sibi deberi CXL. lib., et exceptis XXII. libris, quas petit Amalricus Latomus, Sbexceptis XIII. libris, quas petit curatus Aymo Sancti Benigni ; solvit XXIX. libras. Apud Vaz {VauX'Sur-Poligny^ Jura)," sunt IX. Clan. [col. 1742] the community consisted of five monks, including the prior. We learn from Valerius Anselm*s Chronicle of Berne, that the celebrated Pope Gregory VII. (Hildebrand) was a Cluniac monk at Biiggisberg before his elevation to the Papal throne. *^ We take this to be the same house as in preceding paragraph, under diflferent orthography; or, to be identified with Uothcnbach, or Rochenbac, in the diocese of Constance, a cell to Biiggisberg. ^ St. Nicholas of Salins was not far from Poligny. *^ Vaux was situated in a narrow and somewhat precipitous valley formed by a chasm in the mountain above Poligny. It was called in all ancient records " Monasterium rectaB vallis, — Vallcnse, — de Vallibus, and — Sanctas Marias de Valle supra Poligriiacum." The church was still remarkable for its great beauty in 1750, dedicated to the Saviour, the Blessed Virgin, and SS. Peter and Nicholas. Rudolph III., King ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIETEENTH CENTUEY. 27 monachi, computato priore ; deest unus ; prior et fratres interrogati de statu, responderunt quod bene referrent domino abbati et definitoribus. Apud Frontenay {Frontenay^ Jura, c. de Voiteur), sunt duo monachi computato priore, domus exonerata est a debitis. ApudMortuam Aquara {Morteau^ Doubs)/^ [Wanting in textJ] Apud Sanctum Albanum, Patemiacum, Bomanum of Transjnrane Burgundy, assented, at the prayer and entreaty of Kaimond, count of Burgundy, to the gift of this foundation in 1033 to the abbey of Cluni, " cui praeest Dominus et reverendus Pater Odilo," namely, of the '^coenobii rectae Yallis, in episcopatu Bisuntinensi juxta Poligniacum '' to be colonized by monks of the Order of Cluni [Dunod, Histoire de Besan^on, II., 173]. Dunod enumerates seyeral of its charters of donation, amongst others one in 1115, giving to theconrent the churches of Molin (Molain), Frontenay, and Midry. Tiie first, in a charter of King Rudolph, is called Mediolanum, from the Celtic word ''Holland,'' signifying an inhabited place on a large plain. For that same reason the capital of Lombardy was so called Milan. It became a priory in commendam in 1449. The eyidences of it are numerous, and very fully given by Dunod (ut supra). Further particulars of Beatie Marias de Vallibus are from Gall. Christ., XV., 139. It at first ranked as an abbey, bat was converted into a Cluniac priory by Gregory VII., at the instigation of St. Hugh, in 1076. In 1322 its brethren numbered 16, subject to a prior appointed by the abbey of Cluni. In 1619 the number was reduced to ten brethren. In 1638 it shared the fate of many religious houses, but recovered its prosperity from 1647 to 1688 under its then prior in commendam^ John li,Miatiu3 de Froissard, who was also the abbot of Cherlieu. The reformed rule of St. Vanne(Sancti Vitoni), whicli had been eistablished in Loiraine and the South of France in the beginning of the i7lh century, was introduced into it in 16:31. *- Morteau was a priory given to the abbey of Cluni about 1105-7, and is conjectured to have been founded by the Empreas Adelhaide, daughter of Kudolph II., King of Burgundy, the founder of many houses of that order ; (or by her nephew, iUidolph III.). It took its name from the vast plain or valkv in which it lies, or rather from the river Doubs, which after passing Pontarlier enters the valley so imperceptibly that the eye is unable to detect at once whence it comes. The counts of Neuchatel hadtheyi/a;</i'e/ir<^/eof Mortf-au, and Marguerit^iof Austria, having succeeded to the seig^neurie of Venne, thus acquip;d tlni samo* right. The prior}' in 1514 obtained from her three yearly fairs, and a weekly market. It was given in commendam in 1.0<J*J to I'hiiilx-rt de Guiche, and after a succession of priors, named by Dunod, was held iu 1717 by Antoine de Gmmmont, archbishop of Besan^n. 28 OUTGINAL VISITATIOKS OP THE TIIIBTlfiENTU OENTURY. Monasterium, Valles \_St. Alhan ofBdle; Pa7/erA2e (Vaud) ; Bomain^Moutier (Vaud) ; Vaux]^ et alibi, comedunt carnes indifFereoter, et tarn ab ebdomade majoris misse quam minoris. \_Onginal parchment document ; length 23 inches, width 6^ inches ; oval seal in white wax, two- thirds of it remaining ; Nouv. acq. lat. 2270; No. 10 (1275); B.N.] (In dorso) : Visitatio in cameraria Alamaignie et Lothorengie, facta anno Domini. M^'CC** septuagesimo quinto. Heo est visitatio Alemannie et Lothoringie, facta per Guillelmum priorem do Vallibus,^ camerarium^* Ale- mannie et Lothoringie, et Guidonem, priorem de Vando- pera" Lothoringie, anno Domini M^CC°LXX° quinto/* In primis venimus apud Miges [Mieges (Jura)J ; status talis est; sunt ibi duo monachi; prior ibi non moratur ; domus nichil debet, ut prior dicit. § Status de Alta Petra {Haute Pierre) ^^ talis est : tres monachi ibi cum priore; unus deficit pro uno qui defunctus est; domus debet HIP libras stephanensis monete ; ^ bene regit domum suam prior, quamvis ab avocato {avoue) dicte domus multa incomoda et incessanter patiatur. (S. posiea.) § Status Frigidi Foutis.*^ Est ibi prior cum uno monacho ; domus nichil debet. § Status domus Romani monasterii*^ talis est; sunt ibi decem et octo monachi regulariter viventes; duo monachi deficiunt ; debet ducentas libras sine usuris ; w TLe priory of Vaux-Bur-Poligny (Jura), in the old French province of Franche-Comt^, and diocese of Besan^on. ** Abbot of Clnni's Ticar-general and chamberlain. •• VendcBUvre, Mcurthe-et- Moselle, near Nancy, in Lorraine. •* This numeral has been erased, and replaced by VI. •^ Hautepierre (Doubs), in the diocese of Besan^on. *■ Bee post ea. *' Froide Fontaine (Jura), in the diocese of Basle. ^ Romans-Moutier en Vaud, in the diocese of Lausanne, was founded before 527. OKIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH CKNTURY. 29 prior sedule laborat circa edificia efc aquirenda, et boHum nomen habet a vicinis, et negotia domus in manu sua prosperantur ; et liabet domus necessaria usque ad novos fructus suflScienter. Cetera sunt in bono statu ; tamen prior querebatur de quodam monacho suo, Petro nomine, et de quodam alio, nomine Hugone, prout prior dicet vobis. [JVhat here followed has been erased.] § Status domus Paterniaci {Payerne) ^^ talis est ; sunt ®i The historical evidences of Payerne are somewhat numerous, and not void of interest. The place was once the seat of the Kings of Burgundy of the second dynasty, and its abbey was founded some time in the tenth cen- tury by Bertha, Queen of Rudolph II. The foundation was confirmed by Otto II. (973), by Otto III. (986 and 997), by Henry II. in 1003, and by Conrad II. in 1024. It was made a Cluniac priory not long after that date, and shorn of its abbatial rank ; still it held a foremost place among the representative houses in Cluui's General Chapters. The abbey of St. Mary of Payerne (ger. Peterlingen) was in the diocese of Lausanne and Pays de Vand, and the year 962 is given as the date of its foundation. Queen Bertha, its foundress, was daughter of Burchard, Duke of Suabia, and married the above-named King, by whom she had Conrad, who succeeded his father; Kudolph, Duke of Burgundy; Adelhaide, who married Lothaire, King of Italy, and afterwards became Empress, as wife of Otto I. of Germany ; and Burchard (or Berou), first Bishop of Lausanne, and afterwards (circa 947-8), Arch bishop of Lyons. She married afterwards the King of Italy, by whom she had no issue. St. Odilon of Cluni remarks as to her virtues and sanctity. The religious foundations of this piirt of Europe, Transjurano Burgundy, or, as it has been termed, I'etite Burgogne (ger. Klein Burgund) require some notice of their ruling family. The lirbt King of Burgundy of the second period (for the race of the first Kings of Bur- gundy became extinct in Gondemar), \Yasa Count of Stratliugen, on the borders of Lake Thun, and vice-regent in b66 of tlie country for Charles-le-Gros, Emperor of Western Germany. Profiting by the anarchy which ensued after his death, he seized upon that part of Europe, over which he proclaimed himself King. His dynasty, or the second kingdom which he thus founded, lasted for four generations, ending in Kudolph III. [Bouquet, IX., 24] (Uuchat). The convent of Payerne was founded and richly endowed by Queen Bertha, with the consent of Conrad the King, and the Duke Uudolpii, for monks of the order of St. Benedict, or reformed Order of St. Odilon, (the restorer of the Order), the former of thebc subsequently confirming his mother's charter. She founded it, (as the loundation-charter runs, (given by Bouquet from the chartulary of Payerne), and endowed it wiiii the consent and advice of her sons Conrad, the high and mighty king, and Duke Rudolf [of Burgundy], with certain lands in those parts, the 30 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTUKY^ revennes of the churches of Chi^tres (Kerzers), Pauliacum, Privisint, and the cell of Baulmes. She gave the tithe of the vineyards in the district of Laupen and the river Broie ; (Bibiena ; Biber) (which joins the lakes of Nenchatel and Morat) ; Colmar, and other places in Alsace (Zapf). She gave the monks license to coin money, with a yearly fair, and made them independent of all secular authority, and even (according to Ruchat) of Papal jurisdiction. All this she did " for her own soul's sake, and for those of her (aforesaid) sons ; for the soul of Burchard, her son, Bishop of Lausanne; for the soul of her daughter, Queen (Empress) Adelhaide (of Italy) [j)ro animd filii met Burchardi Episcopi Lausannensis, pro animd filice mea Regince Adelheidaf] \ of the Emperor Otto ; and for the soul of her deceased consort.*' She omits the name of her second hus- band, the King of Italy, whom she married after Rudolph II.'s death, having (as Miiller observes, V., 25, p. 87), " multarum concubi- narum deceptus illicibris." But the concluding portion of her charter is worthy of note, for it embraces, like many foundation charters of that early age, the most violent denunciations and imprecations against any who might ever call in question the privileges of her founda- tion. After expressing the wish that whoever should read her charter with ill-disposed sentiments " might be struck with blindness," she appeals to the two " sacred apostles and glorious Princes of the earth (SS. Peter and Paul), and the Sovereign Pontiff occupying St. Peter's chair," praying that such an one **may be banished the church, and his name eflfaced from the Book of Life ; " " that his portion may be with those who said unto the Almighty, * Depart from us, for we desire not the knowledge of Thy ways * " [Job xxi., 14] ; with Dathan and Abiram, whom the earth opening its jaws swallowed up; that during life they may bodily suffer and anticipate the pains of hell ; like Helio- dorus, who was scourged by Angels, and like Antiochus, whom serpents bit, etc. ... " Et ut hoc nefas omnibus temerariis ac improbis arctius inhibeatur, adhuc idem inculcans subjungo, et hoc obsecro vos, 6 sancti Apostoli et gloriosi Principes terras, Pctre et Paule, et te Pontifex Ponti- ficum Apostolic8B Sedis, ut per anctoritatem canonicam et apostolicam, quam a Domino accepisti, alienes a consortio sanctse Dei Ecclesiaet, et sempiternce vitae, proedones et invasores atque distractores harum rerum, quas sanctas Mariae et proedictis Sanctis hilari mente promtaque voluntate dono ; sitisque tutores ac defensores jam dicti loci Paterniaci, et servorura Dei ibi commorantium ac commanentium, harum quoque omnium facul- tatem propter eleemosinam et clenientiam ac misericordiam piissimi Redemptoris nostri, si quis forte (quod absit, et quod per Dei misericor- diam et patrociniam Apostolorum evenire non «stimo), vel ex propinqui's" aut extrancis, vel ex qualibet conditione vel potestate, qualicumquo calliditate, contra hoc testamentum, quod pro Dei amore omnipotentis ac veneratione Sanct» Marice', matris Domini, et praedictorum Sanctorum fidei sancivi, aliquam concussionem inferre tentaverit; primum, quod iram Dei Omnipotentis incurrat, auferatque Deus partem iilius de terra viventium ; iiatque pars iilius cum his qui dixerunt Domino Deo, ^^ Recede a nobis *^ (Job xvi, 14) ; et cum Dathan et Abiron, quos terra aperto ore deglutirit, et vivos infemus absorbuit ; perpetuam incurrat ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THK THIBTEENTH CENTaBY. 8ignQm dominse Berthas Keginas, quae banc traditionem, cum manibus filiorum suorum Conradi Regis ac Rodolphi Ducis, subtus confirmavit. Data in die* Martis, Kal. Aprilis anno xxiv. regnante Conrado Rege. Actum ver6 Lausona civitate. Queen Bertha erected the still existing castles of Champvent (near Yverdun), and Vuflens (near Morges), and was a woman of note and laudable peculiarities, for she is said to have even spun her own apparel. But though she may not have been spinning Royal vestments when she penned the foregoing foundation-charter, sbe is recorded as usually occupied with the distaff ; in fact, Ruchaf gives an example of her seal, on which she is seated on her throne, with that emblem of industry. Hence it was that the French proverb arose — " Ce rCest plus le temps ou Berthe filait'" (Times have changed since Bertha spun). Did she wish (observes Miiller) to imitate the mother of Charlemagne, Bertha, the wife of Pepin ; or has this story been attributed to one in place of the other? St. Maicul, of Chini, is recorded its first abbot ; Odilon and Hugh, abbots of Cluni, had rule also over Payerne as abbots. After these, from 10G7-1087 the house was governed by a succession of Priors only, ending as the last recorded in Claude Marchand in 1 193, and Jean de la Forest in 1535. The abbot of Payerne had a seat at the Diet, and bore the rank of Prince of the Empire, and the religious coninuinity, it may be added, had power to elect their own abbot. The foundation-charter is given by Bouquet, IX., p. G67, apud Sam. Guichenonem in Bibliotheca Sebusiana, p. 1 (Zapf.). In 1398 only 12 monks constituted the reli^^ious community. In 153G it was secularized, and its revenues divided with Berne and Freihurg [Gall. Chri.st. XV., 388, 391]. It was suppressed at the Keformation. In 1817 Bertha's tomb was discovered in the abbey church at Payerne. * Tuesday fell on first day of April, an. 962. Hence the commence- ment of the reign of Conrad is to be reckoned from the beginning of 939. 32 OBIGINAL VIBITATIONS OP THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. ibi viginti monachi bene et regulariter viventes ; domus debet 1111° libras lausannenses, taraen sine usuris, pro majori parte ; prior laborat, quantum potest, pro dome sua deffendenda et juribus ipsius domus, et laudabilo testimonium liabet a vicinis; cetera sunt in bono statu. § Status domus de Vilar talis est ; sunt ibi quatuor monachi, computato priore ; domus tenetur in quinqua- ginta libris lausannensium ; ^^habet necessaria usque ad novos fructus, § Status Montis Richerii ; sunt ibi HIP' monachi ; domus tenetur in IIPXXIIII libris bernensibus. Apud Plauseum est quidam monachus, nomine Rodulfus, de incontinentia diffamatus, precepimus ei ut apud Oluniacum veniat, penam pro meritis recep- turus. § Status sancti Albani in Basilea {Saint Alban of Bale); sunt ibi octo monachi, priore computato; domus tenetur in centum viginti libris basiliensibus ; bene se [AJabet spiritualiter et temporaliter. § Status domus de Ystain ; ^ sunt ibi quinque' moniales, et prior, et unus monachus, et una conversa : domus debet decem libras basilienses. § Status prioratus de Rubeo Monte {Bougemont^ in diocese of Lausanne, and canton of Vaud) ; sunt ibi duo monachi et prior; set prior non moratur ibi propter guerras et malum statum loci ; tamen posse suum facit de tenendo locum, et res dicti loci deffendendo ; et debet XV. lib. lausannenses. § Status domus de Vulpas {Welpach or Feldbach) ; viginti quatuor moniales sunt ibi, et prior cum duobus This monastery has been wrongly set down as the foundation of Bertha, Queen of Robert, King of France and Duke of Burgundy. Neither must she be confounded with another Bertha, consort of one of the Counts of Neuchatel, who erected its cathedral in the 12th century. [S. Conservateur Suisse, IX., 386-407; Ruchat, Abr^g^ deThistoire ^cclesiastique du Pays de Vaud ; Miiller, Geschichte der Schweitz ; Herrgott, p. 159). ®2 3,000 4cus d'or of France equalled 3,700 livres lausannoieses. The approximate value may be obtained by reduction. ^ Istein in the diocese of Bile. (See antea). ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIETBBNTH OBNTQBY. 33 raonachis ; debet IIII" libras basilienses ; habet necessaria usque ad novos. § Status de Othovilari ; unus monachus est ibi et prior ; debet XX, lib. basilienses. § Status de Autequil ; sunt ibi tres monachi et prior ; unus monachus deest ibi ; debet C. et L. marcas argenti pro quibus obligavit dictus prior in manu cujusdam miiitis, nomine Tabellarii, omnia bona domus sue, excepto quod maxima summa bladi ; prirao erat obligata in manu soffranarii d' Autequil (a dealer in saffron)^ pro maxima summa pecunie, super quibus prior nos cer- tificabat. Item dedit pensionera cuidam clerico, valentem tres marcas argenti ; locus est interdictus pro decima. § Status domus de Tyrembao (in the diocese of Basle) ; est ibi unus monachus cum priore ; domus debet XXX. lib. basilienses. (S. Record-Evidences, postea.) § Status domus Oelleville Maris.®^ Sunt V. monachi, computato priore; domus tenetur in 0. et duabus marois. § Status de Cerdom {Seldon) ; moniales sunt ibi XX. et unus monachus cum priore ; domus debet LX. et IIII. libras basilienses. § Status Insule-Medii-Lacus {Isle Saint Pierre^ in the diocese of Lausanne). Sunt ibi tres monachi cum priore computato ; prior recepit domum circa vinderaias quas episcopus Basiliensis diu tenuerat, et invenit de debitis dicti episcopi domum obligatam in M. et XXVII. libris bernensium, et in blado L. modiis. Prior laborat, in quantum potest, de deliberando ipsam. § Transactis Alpibus Alsacie {Vosges)y veniraus apud Froidvillara in Lothorengia [Froideville (Jura)] possibly Frovllle (Meurthe et Moselle, in the diocese of Toul) ; sunt ibi duo monachi cum priore; domus est in bono statu ; nichil debet; prior laudabiliter se habet. § Domus de Vandopera. Sunt ibi duo monachi et prior ; bene se habent ; domus debet XX. lib. turon ; habet usque ad novos victualia sufficienter. 63a We take this to be Cella in the Black Forest, under a diflferent orthography, V 34 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIRTEENTH OENTUBT. § Status Sancte Marie de Bosco ; ®* est ibi monaclius cum priore ; debet XXXVII. lib. tullensium.^ § Status domus de Theecort ; sunt ibi duo monachi et prior ; debet VIII" lib. turonensium ; prior laborat quantum potest ad debitum persolvendum. § Status domus de Donna Maria [Damnarie] ; sunt ibi tres monachi et prior [what followed has been effaced] . . . plures solebant esse, set propter debitum non sunt ibi ; alleviavit debitum usque ad VI" lib. tur. ; habet victualia usque ad novos ; prior lauda- biliter se habet ; dicta domus debebat in summa VIII° et amplius. § Status domus de Relenges [Belanges (Vosges)].^ Sunt ibi HIP'' monachi et prior ; monachi deficiunt ibi ; domus debet 0. lib. turon.; bene est edificata, laudabili- ter se habet dictus prior in edificiis et acquirendis redditibus, et nomen bonum habet in partibus illis a vicinis. § Status domus de Portu.^^ Sunt ibi duo monachi et prior; debet XX. lib. stephanenses ; habet necessaria usque ad novos, et promisit prior de XL. lib. in isto anno debitum alleviare ; unus conversus habebat ibi mansi- onem; prior ipsum ejecit a domo, propter bonus debiti se escusans. § Status domus de Ohauz \la Ghatix (Doubs), in diocese of Besanpon]. Sunt ibi [rfwo] monachi, unus presbiter (sed post visitationem fuit expulsus),et alter juvenis ; prior est in scolis ; debet LX. et X. lib. stephanenses ; promi- sit de bonis domus in isto anno debitum in XXX* lib. alleviare. Domus ilia patitur a servientibus raorantibus apud Clarevauz comitive Burgundie, in vadendo nemora et redditus alios dicte domus, in quibus solebant habere medietatem. § Status de Loco-Dei [LieU'Vieu^ in the diocese of Besanfon] ; est ibi prior cum uno monacho ; domus debet XL. francos ; monachus conqueritur de vestiario ^ Sante-Marie-aux-£ois (Vosges). ^ Of the coinage of Toul. •^ In the diocese of Toul. ®^ Port-sur-Saone (Haute-Saone). ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH OENTUEY. 35 suo ; removit quemdam conversum {lay brother)^ et fecit alium novum. § Status de Valle Clusa [Vaucluse] (diocese of Besanpon) ; Status de Vacluse. Sunt ibi quinque monachi ; domus debet CCO. lib. stefanensis monete.^ § Status de Vallibus [VauX'Sur-Poligny (Jura). Sunt ibi XII. monachi, quamvis non consueverint esse ultra VIII***, vel ad plus decem ; domus debet ex causa tern- pestatis que accidit hoc anno in partibus suis, et etiam pro debito domus Loci-Dei, de quo dictus prior solvit VIII" et Iir^ lib. stephanenses^ ; debet Iir lib. apud ® This coinage is very imperfectly known, and the two following notices, drawn up from Dunod in the last, and Jeannez in the present century, embrace all that need be said. The former, Dunod, corrects an error of Ducange, who states this money to have been attributed to the Dukes of Burgundy, instead of the Archbishops of £esan9on. It had a wide circulation, and the livre eatevenant equalled in value 13 sols and 10 deniers of the money of Tours. The Archbishop obtained the right of coining money in the time of Cbarles-le-Chauve, and to circulate the same throughout his diocese, *' aux armes et nom de Tarch^vech^/' The arms of the see of Besan9on were: — [^Gules'] an eagle displayed [^or']f which the Archbishop bore as a Prince of the Holy Roman empire ; the coin also bore those of the two cathedral-churches of £esan9on, viz., of St. Stephen and St. John. The Archbishops claimed this exclusive right throughout their province, and much litigation ensued in consequence. The relative value in francs, may be found from the following table :— Relative value of^^ Soh^^ and ^^ Livrea estevenants,'* reduced io*^ Gros*' and ** Francs.'* 3 sols estevenants = 2 gros 6 » 99 ^^^ ^ » " » )9 ^^^ " » 15 „ „ = 10 „ 20 sols (or 1 livre estevenant) = 13 gros, 4 engrongnes 9 livres estevenants = 10 francs 18 „ „ = 20 „ 90 „ „ = 100 „ 300 „ „ = 333 francs, 4 gros 900 „ „ = 1000 francs 1800 „ ^ „ =2000 „ [See Table, p. cxlvi., Dunod, Histoire de TEglise de Bcsan9on, Vol. I.] This Burgundian coinage seems to have had its origin at Bcsan9on j moneta Bisuntinensis or Stephanensis being equivalent terms. The coins were well known as " Estevenants/^ or monnaie estevenante de Besanqon; the current pieces being from the ** sou " (or less) up to the ** livre estevenant/' 36 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OF THE THIRTEENTH OENTUEY. Arbosium [Arbois (Jura)], et apud Poliniacum. Item cuidam amico sue apud Arbosium ducentas libras viau- nenses.®® § Status de Fronchonay [Frontenay (Jura)] ; prior nee monachus suus morantur in domo propter tempestatem, ymo apud Valles ; debet XL. lib, stephanienses.^ § Status de Mortua Aqua, [Morteau (Doubs) in the diocese of Besangon (Mortault)], {left blank). [On a mevibrane ; 28 bi/ 6 inches; tuo seals formerly appendant, one still remaining ; Nou. acq. lat. 2270 ; No. 11 ; Bibl. Nationale.] and their circulation was chiefly limited to the diocese and province, though current beyond it. Many cities and abbeys had license to coin at that era, the pieces best known being those of Tours (toumois). The neighbouring district of Lons-le-Saunier had its coin also, and the Bolidi Ledonensis monetae are another example. Metz, Yienne, Bale, Toul, Lausanne, Berne, and numberless other cities had their own coinage. A charter (quoted by Jeannez) gives the value of the florin in monnaie estevenante, viz., fifteen sols estevenants, being shown equal to one florin : — " cujus quidem monete, florinus, valet quindecim solidos, et non ultra." It was current up to 1356, or later, as seen by documentary evidence. Charters of the lOtb, 11th, and 12th centuries, all speak of the monnaie estevenante (or ? Stephen-coinage), and up to the end of the 13th century, no other money is named in the diocese of Besan9on for pecuniary transactions, accounts being all reckoned and payments made in '^ livres and iovs estevenants" Its value was somewhat higher than the money of Tours, the litre estevenant being worth 14 sous and 10 deniers of the Toumois money. Thongh the legal tender, it did nut prevent other money being current in the province. In the Carlovingian period the coins bore the monogram of Charles- le-Chauve, with the legend gci Stephani or Stephani mon [eta]. They were struck with the name of Besanjon's patron-saint, for accord- ing to tradition some of 8t. Stephen's bones were sent there by Theodosius the younger in the fifth century. Many of the coins have ptkomartir in place of b. Stephani. — [Cy. Jeannez, Monnaies du comt^ de Bourgogne.] Such was the coinage of Besanyon (or that part of Cisjurane Bur- gundy), which seems to have dated somewhat prior to the above period. We may observe that the pound of silver at that date (or under Pepin), coined or not, equalled 10 ounces and ^ (poiclsdemarc), Charle- magne substituted the pound of 12 ounces (of the same standard), and decided that 20 sous of silver should go to the pound. w Of Vienne. OBIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIBTEKNTH CENTURY. 37 [VISITATION OF CLUNIAO FOUNDATIONS IN GERMANY (SWITZERLAND), FRANCHE. COMTi], AND ALSACE-LORRAINE IN 1276.] Amodium (Addition) J^ § Anno Domini M"CC"LXX"VI^ die mercurii, in capite januerii, Nos, fraterOtto, prior de Contamina," et nos, frater R. prior de Avalone," in partibus Lotoringie et Almannie constituti visitatores, primo venimus apud Truvisins ;^^ ibi sunt duo monachi, quorum alter est pro- curator domus pro priore Pater niaci {Pay erne, in the diocese de Lausanne ; S. p. 29), et, sicut non debuimus, non processimus ad visitandum, quod prior visitaverat locum, ut monachi dicebant. § Item, fuimus apud Brusins (? Baniiens), ubi inveni- mus quemdam capellanum, procuratorem domus ex parte prioris Romani Monasterii {Bomanmoutierj in the diocese of Lausanne), qui tenet eam in manu sua."^ § Item, quod dominus abbas visitaverat personaliter Romanum Monasterium et Paterniacum,"° processimus ad alia loca visitanda. § Item, quod non potuimus personaliter accodere propter guerras^^ ad domum Villarii-Mouachorum, et ad domum lusule {Insula medii lacus, in the diocese of Lau- sanne) ; inquisivimus per priores domuum predictarum statum suum : domus Villarii Monachorum debet XL. et III. libras ; ibi sunt duo monachi cum priore. § Jtem, in domo Insule, sunt duo monachi cum priore et quisdam {sic) [quidam] clericus, quem dominus abbas ^® Supplement to a Visitation then recently made. ^ This would appear to be Contamines, in Faucigny, and the diocese of Geneva (Bibl. Clun., col. 1741). ^^ Avallon (Yonne) ; or, again, in the diocese of Grenoble, in the c. of Saint Maximin (Isere). '2* We take this to be incorrect spelling for Privisint, which was among the first endowments of Pay erne. "^2^ Some of the houses subject to Romain-Mouthicr were : — Lac S. Point, Bannens, and S. Colorabe, all in Hochburgured. "*^ Among other houses subject to Payerne were : — St. Peter of Colmar, and Hettenheim ; the former in Upper, the latter in Lower Alsace. T3 See p. 29. 38 OBIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. precepit indui habitu monaoliale, sicut dicit idem prior ; item dicit quod invenit domum predictam in pessimo statu debitorum ; modo debet in omnibus CO. libras et XL. solidos. § Item, die mercnrii post Boi'das {Ist Sunday in Lenty [Brandons])^ venimus apud Montem Richerii ; nuUus monachus de ordine nostro est ibi; set sunt ibi III. monachi extranei, quos prior vocaverat secum propter defectum monachorum nostri ordinis. Item intelleximus per priorem, quod predicta domus erat obligata, quando idem prior venit ibidem, in quingentis et L. et II. libris, tam in gageriis {mortgages) quam in aliis alienatis, et coUatis ad vitam, quod fecerant sui predecessores ; modo debet predicta domus LX. et III. libras, excepta quadam gageria {mortgage) XL. librarum, quam gageriam tenet quidam burgensis de Berna {Berne) pro CCC. libris, de quibus dictus prior est in tractatu pacis cum dicto burgensi. § Item, die Jovis sequenti, fuimus apud Otonem Vilarii {Orthonerri'Villartiy in the diocese of Lausanne), et in- venimus ibidem quemdam monachum extraneum et quemdam conversum, et conversam {lay-sister)^ et quem- dam in spiritualibus ; correximus et reformavimus que correctione et reformatione indigebant ; domus debet tam pro defectu cibariorum future, quam in aliis debitis, XX. et II. libras. § Item dominica sequenti, fuimus apud Basileam {BdU), et invenimus ibidem V. monachos cum priore ; et, prout dicit prior, defitiunt {sic) \dejiciuri£\ ibi IIIP*" monachi ; et correximus quedam que f uerant corrigenda, videlicet de silentio claustri, et camiseis lineis, et de stratis ; domus debet IX. libras. § Item, die martis post dominicam predictam veni- mus apud Ysten {Istein^ in the diocese of B&le); ibi sunt Y. moniales, et unus monachus cum priore; qui monachus, propter defectum tam auditus quam visus rarissime celebrat ; et propter hoc minus bene fiunt ibi divina; nee est ibidem qui possit audire confessiones, nisi solus prior ; cetera, secundum quod potuimus, cor- reximus ; domus debet tam pro defectu futurorum cibariorum^ quam pro aliis, XX. et YI. libras. OBIGINAL VISITATIONS OP THE THIRTEENTH OBNTURT. 39 § Item, die mercurii sequent!, venimus apud Ferpat {Verpacum^ in the diocese of B^le; Feldback) ; ibi sunt tarn interius, quam exterius, XXIIII*''" moniales, cum priore et uno monacho ; prout melius potuimus, cor- reximus que fuerunt specialiter corrigenda; domus debet tam pro future defectu cibariorum, quam pro aliis C. et VILlibras. Item, die veneris sequenti, fuimus apud Prigidum Fontem {Froide Fontaine^ in the dioc. of Bale) ; ibi est prior cum uno monacho; et, sicut dixit nobis prior, domus predicta est in bono statu ; tamen intelleximus quod propter defectum stamineorum,^* utuntur monachi lineis camisiis. Item, dominica qua cantatur Oculi mei fuimus apud Altam Guiclam {Althirch) ^^^ et inquisito de statu domus per priorem et monachos, communiter dixerunt quod eadem domus, tam in spiritualibus quam in tem- poralibus, plurimum paciebatur defectum, cum enim fuisset in adventu prioris, debitis " obligata in 0. et L. marchis argenti ; dictus prior, propter suam simpli- citatem et inpotentiam consulandi, domum antedictam cuidam militi, videlicet domino H. Bachelario, tanquam procuratori domus, omnia bona temporalia usque ad IIIP^ annos pignori obligavit. Qui miles, non adtendens conventiones habitas inter ipsos, non vult solvere deci- raam terre sancte ; quare dicta domus jam per annum et diraidium extitit subposita interdicto ; et ita non cele- brantur ibi divina ; predictus etiam miles sustraxit monachis domus prebendam, minus juste, per VII. septi- manas; conventiones vero facte inter priorem et dictum militem tales fuerant : — Quod isdem {sic) [idem'] miles promisit dicto priori, quod elapsis primis HIP' annis, dictam domum dicto priori restitueret quietam et liberam ab omni bonere [onere] debitorum; et hec conventiones probantur per monachos antedictos. § Item statum domus de Terurabac {Tyramhech^ in the diocese of Bale) inquisivimus per priorem loci, qui dixit nobis, quod habet secum unum monachum major domus ^^ Stamin, or shirt made of wool and linen. It also implies a peni- tential hair-shirt ; again, an inner woollen tunic next the skin (Ducange). ^* In the diocese of B41e. 40 ORIGINAL VISITATIONS OP TBE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. prioratus sui, et fere medium monasterium nuper com- bustum f uerat ; domus debet tarn in puris debitis quam pro future defectu cibariorura, et quorumdam aliorum defectu L. libras. 