None
Grana'^da, the Alhambra at, 74; fall of, 81 Grand Remonstrance, 373 " Great schism," 230 Greece, 578, 690 Greek, study of, in the Middle Ages, 253f. Greek Church tends to separate from the Latin, 48 Gregory VII, Pope, 152 ff. Gregory the Great, 50 f. ; writings of, 51; missionary work of, 52, 62 Gregory of Tours, 30, 33 Grotius, 400 Guienne (ge en'), 122, 124 Guilds, in the Middle Ages, 208 ; of teachers, 251 ; in eighteenth century, 448 ff. Guise (gez). House of, 337, 340 ff. Gunpowder, 257f. Gustavus Adolphus, 353ff. Hague, conferences at, 731 f. Hamburg, 210 Hampden, John, 370 f. Hanseatic League, 214 XXIV Medieval and Modem Times Hapsburg, Rudolph .of, 164, 269; House of, 268 ff., 419 f. ; races in dominions of, 737 f. Hardenberg, 570 Ha'rem, 69 Hargreaves, 582 Harold, Earl of Wessex, ii3f. Harvey, William, 367 Hastings, battle o^ 115 Hubert, 522 f. He ji'ra, the, 359 Henry I of England, 117 Henry II of England, 117 Henry III of England, 127 Henry VII of England, 140 Henry VIII of England, 279, 3i5flf. ; divorce case of, 316 f.; revolt of, against papacy, 31 7 f. Henry II of France, 338 Henry II J of France, 342 f. Henry IV of Germany, 1 53 ; con- flict of, with Gregory VII, Henry V of Germany, 157 Henry IV of Navarre, 343 ff. Heresy, 175, 187 f. High Church party, 372 Highlands, 130 History, continuity or unity of, 3 Hohenstauf ens, 1 58 f . See Fred- erick I, Frederick II Hohenzollems, 614 f. Holbein (horbln), Hans, 265 Holy Roman Empire, 83, 144 ff., 269, 357. 545 Homage, 104 Hospitalers, 174 Hrolf, 113 Huguenots, 339 ff., 396 ff. Humanists, 255 Humbert, King, 625 Hundred Years' War, 132 ff., 139 Hungarians, invasions of, 92, 144, 169 Huns, 23, 26 Imperialism, origin and nature of, 708 f. Independents, 372 Index of prohibited books, 326 India, 431 ff., 661 ff. Indulgences, 290 and note Industrial Revolution, 580 ff. Innocent III, Pope, 125, 175, 192, 194; struggle of, with the Hohenstauf ens, 162 ff. Inquisition, 109 f.; in Spain, 272; in the Netherlands, 333 f. Institute, French, 363 Institutes of Christianity^ Calvin's, 313 f., 338 Interdict, 125, 187 Interest, attitude towards, in the Middle Ages, 212 International law, 400 International trade, growth of, in nineteenth century, 703 f. Invasions in the ninth and tenth centuries, 89 f. Inventions, modem, 255 f., 363, 580 ff. Investiti\re, 147 ff., 164 ; question of, settled, 158 Ireland, 348 f., 376 f., 657 ff. Irene, Empress, 82 Isabella, queen of Castile, 271 Italian cities, trade of, with Orient, 209 ; of the Renaissance, 222 ff.; in eighteenth century, 446 Italian despots, 232 Italy, in the Middle Ages, 88. 222 ff. ; art of, 264 ff.; becomes battleground of Europe, 2740.; since 1815, 574 ff., 608 ff., 622 ff. Ivan the Terrible, 404 Jacobins, 510 f. James I, 365 ff., 389 James II, 384 f. James VI of Scotland (James I of England), 131 Jameson's raid, 670 Japan, 717 ff. Jefferson, Thomas, 481 Jena, battle of, 547 Jerome, St., advocate of the mo- nastic life, 55 Jerusalem, 167, 172, 177 f.; king- dom of, 173 Jesuits, .326 ff., 352 Jews, economic importance of, 212; persecution of, 271 f.; massacres of, in Russia, 683 f. Joan of Arc, 137 f. John of England, 123 ff., 132 John Frederick of Saxony, 309 Index XXV Joseph II of Austria, 421 f. JoumeU des Savants (joornaKda sav oh'), 394 Jubilee of 1300, 197 Julius II, Pope, 264 Jury, trial by, 118 ** Just " price, 2 1 1 Justinian, 30 f. Justs and tourneys in the Middle Ages, 108 Kaaba (kaH^a), 64, 67 Kadijah (ka de'ja), wife of Moham- med, 64 Kaiser of Germany, powers of, 626 Karlsbad Resolutions, 572 Kiaochow (kyou cYib% 714 Kiel Canal, 742 (note) Kitchener, General, 723 Knighthood, 245 f. Knights in Germany, 282 Knox, John, 346 Ko riin^ the, 65 f. Kosciusko, 419 Kuropatkin, General, 717 Lamartine, 596 Lancaster, House of, i39f. Land, ownership of, in the Middle Ages, 89, 92 Langton, Stephen, 124* Lateran, palace of the, 231 Latin kingdoms in Syria, 173 Latin language, 36, 239 ff. Latin literature, extinction of, 30 Laud, William, 370 f. La Vendue, (von da'), 519 Learning preserved by the Church, Legates, papal, 183 Leipzig, battle of, 559 f. Leo X, 264, 277, 288 ff. * Leo the Great, 26, 48 Leonardo da Vinci (la on ar'do dil vin'che), 265 Leopold II, 508 f. Lettres de ccLchet^ 483 Leuthen (Loy'ten), 414 L.ivingstone, David, 720 Llewellyn, 129 Lloyd-George, 654 ff. Lombard League, 162 Lombard towns, 160 Lombards, in Italy, 31 ; as bankers, 212 Lombardy conquered by Charle- magne, 80 London, Treaty of, 700 Lord, medieval, 102 Lords, House of, 128 Lorenzo the Magnificent, 228, 264 Louis XI of France, 142 Louis XIV of France, 387 ff. Louis XV of France, 486 Louis XVI of France, 486 ff. Louis XVIII of France, 568 ff. Louis Philippe, 569 f., 595 f. Louis the Pious, 87 Louisiana, sale of, 536 Low Church party, 372 Lowlands of Scotland, 130 L6 yola, 326 ff. Lii'beck, 210, 214 Lu'ne ville. Treaty of, 536 Luther, Martin, 288 ff. Lutheran revolt, 303 ft Macedonia, massacres in, 696 Machiavelli (ma kya veKle), The Prince^ by, 228 Magdeburg, destruction of, 354 Magellan, expedition of, 236 Magenta, battle of, 609 Mahratta Confederacy, 662 f. Maine, 122, 142, 186 Malta, 174 Mamelukes, in Egypt, 721 f. Manor, medieval, 100 fif. ; in Eng- land, 136 Marches, 81 Marconi, 707 Marco Polo, 232 Marengo, l>attle of, 535 Margraves, 81 Maria Theresa, 421 Marie Antoinette, 487, 521 Marignano (ma ren ya'no), battle of, 278 » Marston Moor, battle of, 375 Marx, Karl, 592 f. Mary of Burgundy, 269 Mary of England, 317, 322 f. Mary Queen of Scots, 338, 347 f. Matilda, 115, 117 Max i mil'ian I, Emperor, 268 f. XXVI Medieval and Modem Times Mayence» elector of, 281 ; arch- bishop of, 285 Mayflower^ 372 Mayor of the Palace, 75 Mazarin (ma za ran'), 387 Mazzini (matse'ne), 576 f., 602 Mecca, 64, 65 ; pilgrimage to, 67 Medici (med'e che), the, 228 Medina, 65, 70 Melanchthon (me langk'thon), 308 Mendicant orders, 190 f. Merovingian line, 34, 75 (note) Mer'sen, Treaty of, 87, 145 Methodists, 458 f. Mettemich, 570 f ., 599 f. Metz, battles of, 620 Michael Angelo, (mfk^i an^je lo), 265 Middle Ages, meaning of the term, 3 f. ; character of, 38 MiKan, 160, 277, 278; despots of, 227 Militarism, 727 f. Minnesingers, 246 f. Mirabeau, 497 Miracles, frequency of, in Middle Ages, 42 f. Missions, of Jesuits, 329 f.; foreign, in nineteenth century, 708 f. Model Parliament, 127 Modem inventions, 255 ff., 363, 580 ff. Modern languages, 239 ff. Mo ham'med, 64 f. Mohammedanism, 65 ff. Mohammedans, 64 ff. ; expelled from Spain, 81 ; in Sicily, 90 Monasteries, arrangement of, 57 ff. Monasticism, attraction of, for many different classes, 54 f. Money, lack of, in Middle Ages, 89; replaces barter, X02, 105 Mongols, 403, 431 f. Monks, 42 ; origin and distin- guished services of, 54 f.; mis- sionary work of, 61 ff. •* Monroe Doctrine," 724 Mon^'te Cassino (ki&s se'nG), found- ing of, 55 Montenegro, 695 Moors, 374, 270 f. ; expelled from Spain, 272, 351 More, Sir Thomas, 314, 318 Morocco, Franco-German dispute in, 736 Moscow, 403 Mosque, 69 Mukden, battle of, 717 Nantes (nant). Edict of, 344, 397, 455 Naples, kingdom of, 274 (note), 277 Napoleoii I, 526 ff. Napoleon III, 597 ff. Nase'by, battle of, 375 National Assembly in Francer 496 ff., 502 f. National Covenant, 373 National workshops, 597 Natural boundaries of France, 35^ 394 Navarino, battle of, 691 Navarre, 339 Navigation Act, 378 f. Necker, 489 f. Neighborhood war in the Middle Ages, 107, 282 Netherlands, revolt of the, 332 ff.v Louis XIV*s invasion of the,. 395 New Atlantis^ 362 f. New York, 384 New Zealand, colonization of» 668 f. Nicsea (nise'a), 161, 169, 171 Nicholas I, 676 ff. Nicholas II, 683 f., 730 f. Nicholas II, Pope, 151 Nightingale, Florence, 692 Nimes (nem), 10 Nobility, origin of titles of, 84 Nogaret, 198 Nogi, General, 717 Norman 'Conquest of England* 1 1 1 ff. ; results of, 116 f. Normandy, 112 f., 122, 124 North German Confederatioiu 613 f., 618 Northmen, 386; invasion of £ng* land by, 1 11, 114 Notables, French, 492 f. Notre Dame (no'trdkm), 216 Novgorod, 403 Nuremberg, 210 Index xxvii O do a'cer, 26 "Opium War" of 1840, 7iof. Orange, William of, 335 flf. Ordeals, 37. Orient, European relations with, 178 f., 209 Orleans, House of, 141 ; Maid of, 137 f- Os'tro goths. See East Goths Otto I, the Great, of Germany, ]44ff. Owen, Robert, 584 Oxford, University of, 252 Palatinate, elector of the, 281 ; Rhenish, 397 Panama Canal, 705 Pankhurst, Mrs., 648 Pan-Slavic Congress of 1848, 602 f. Papacy, origin of, 46 f . See Pope Papal states, 222 Paper and paper-making, introduc- tion of, into western Europe, 262 Pa py'rus, 84 Parchment, use of, 85 Paris, University of, 251 ; Treaty of, 415; in eighteenth century, 445 f.; Commune of, 635 f.; re- cent conditions of, 638 f. Parlement^ French, 484 f. Parliament, English, 127 f., 200, 460; " Kneeling," 323 ; struggle of, with Stuarts, 365 f.; Long, 373 Parsifalt is^'j Paschal II, Pope, 1 57 Paulus Di ac'o nus, 86 Pavia (pa ve'a), battle of, 314 Peace, movements for, 7-30 f. Peasants, medieval, looff.; revolt of, in England, 136, 201 ; revolt of, in Germany, 304 f . ; in eight- eenth century, 444 f. Peasants' Revolt, 136, 201 Penance, 186 Peninsular War, 553 f. Persecution in England, 324 and note Peter, St, regarded as first bishop of Rome, 46 Peter the Great, 404 fL Peter the Hermit, 169 Petition of Right, 368 f. Petrarch, 254 Philip Augustus, 122 f., 177 Philip the Fair, 131, 175, 196 f. Philip of Hesse, 309 Philip II of Spain, 323 ff., 348 f. Pilgrim Fathers, 372 Pippin the Short, 75 Pirates in the Middle Ages, 213 Pitt, the elder, 433 ff. Pius IX, Pope, 577 Plantagenets, 122 ff. Poitou (pwa to'), 124 Poland, 41 5 ff. ; rebellion in, 676 Political economy, rise of, 471 Pope, 46; origin of the title of, 49; relation of, with Otto the Great, 145 ; position of, in Mid- dle Ages* 183 f.; since 1870, 622 f.. Popes, duties of the early, 49 f.; origin of the "temporal " power of. S^» 75; election of, 151; claims of, 152 f.; at Avignon, 199 Port Arthur, capture of, 716 f. Portcullis, 98 Portsmouth, Treaty of, 718 Portuguese discoveries, 234 f., 430 Praise of Folly ^ by Erasmus, 287 Prayer book, English, 321 f., 345 Prayer rugs, 67 Presbyterian Church, 3x3 f. Pressburg, Treaty of, 544 Pretender, the Young, 427 f. Pride's Purge, 375 Priest, duties of, 186 Prince of Wales, 129 Printing, invention of, 258, 262 f. Protestant, origin of Uie term, 307 Protestant revolt, in Germamr, 288 ff. ; in Switzerland, 311 &; in England, 314 ff. Protestantism, progress of, 309 Proven9al (pro von saK), 243 Provence (pro vons'), 142 Punjab, the, 663 f. Puritans, 372 and note Pyramids, battle of, 532 Quakers, 383, 457 1 XXVlll Medieval and Modem Times Railways, origin and development of, 705 f. Ramadan (ra ma dan^), month of, 67 Raphael, 265 Ravenna, interior of a church at, 27 ; tomb of Theodoric at, 28 Raymond, Count, 170, 172 Redress of grievances, 127 Reform, spirit of, 363, 461 f. Reform bills, in England, 645, 647 Regular clergy, defined, 57 Reichstag, powers of, 627 f. Reign of Terror, 507, 516 f. Rembrandt, 266 Renaissance (re nl sons'), cities of the, 222 ff.; buildings of, 228 f. ; art of, 264 ff. Restoration in England, 382 ff. Retainers, 139 Revolution of 1688, 384 f. Rheims (remz), 137, 138; cathe- dral of, 221 Rhodes, island of, 174 Richard I, the Lion-Hearted, 123, Richelieu, 344, 355 f. Rising in the north of England, 347 f- Roads in the Middle Ages, 89 Robespierre (ro bes py6r ), 522 f. RoUo, 1x3 Roman art and architecture, 12 ff. Roman Church, the mother church, 46 f. Roman Empire, and its govern- ment, 4ff.; "fall" of, in the West, 26; relation of, with the Church, 43; continuity of, 83 Roman law, 7 f., 27, 37 Romance languages, 240 Romances in the Middle Ages, 243, 244 Romanesque architecture, 217 Rome, city of, in Middle Ages, 24t So» 230 f., 264 Rouen (ro oh'), Ii3» 138 Roumania, 695 Roundheads, 375 Rousseau, 469 ff. Roussillon (ro se yon'), 355 f. Royal Society, English, 363 Rubens, 266 Rudolf of Hapsbuig, 164, 269 Runnymede, 125 Russo-Japanese War, 6S4f.,7i6£. Russo-Turkish war of 1877, 68i» 694! Sadowa, battle of, 617 St Bartholomew, Massacre of, 342 St. Benedict, Rule of, 147 St. Bernard, I76f. St. Boniface anoints Pippin, 75 St Dominic, 194 St Francis, 190 f. St Peter's, rebuilding of, 290, 291 St Petersburg (Petrograd), found- ing of, 406 Saint-Simon (safi se men'), 393 Sal'a din takes Jerusalem, 177 Saracens, 173, 210 Savannah^ the, 704 Siv6nar5la, 275 Saxons, settle in England, 61 ; coo- quest of, bv Charlemagne, 79; rebellion o^ 1 56 Saxony, elector of, 281 Schleswig-Holstein affair, 615! Scholasticism, 2 53; attack of Roger Bacon on, 255 School of the palace, 85 £. Schwarzenberg, 606 Science, medieval, 247 ff. ;• begin- ning^ of modem, 358 ff.; oppo- sition to modem, 464 Scone, Stone of, 131 Scotch nation, language of, 130; differs from England,* 132 Scotland, 130 ff., 373, 377 ; Pres- byterian Church in, 346 Secular clergy defined, 57 Sedan, battle of, 620 Seljuk Turks, 167 Senlac, 114 Separation of Church and State in France, 640 f. Separatists, 372 Sepoy rebellion, 664 Serbia, 690, 738 ff. Serfdom, 100 ff., 442 f . ; extinction of, 102 (note); in England,, 137 ; in Prussia, 558 ; in Russisr 678 f. Serfs, medieval, 100 ff. Index XXIX Seven Years* War, 414 f., 433 f. * Sev'ille, tower at (Giralda), 73, 270 Shakespeare, 367 Ship money, 370 Shires, 129 Sicily, 163, 165, 179 Sidon, 173 Sigismund, Emporor, 407 Simony (sim'o ny), 1 50 Slavs, subdued by Charlemagne, 81 ; invasion of, 92 ; form Russia, 402 f. Smith, Adam, 471 Social Democratic party, 626 f. Socialism, 591 ff., 731 Solferino, battle of, 609 Song of Rolandy 243 Sorbonne, 337 South African Union, 670 f. Spain, 24, 81, 237, 270 f., 273; exhaustion of, 337, 350 f. Spanish- American War, 724f. ♦* Spanish fury," 336 Spanish Inquisition, 272 Spanish main, 237 Spanish Succession, War of, 398 Speyer, diet of, 306 Spice trade in the Middle Ages, 234 ff. Spinning and weaving, 580 ff. Stained glass, medieval, 220 Stamp Act, 437 Stanley, in Africa, 720 States of the Church. See Papal states Statute of provisors, 199 Statutes of Laborers, 136 Steam engine, 584 f. Stein, 557, 570^ Stephen, 117 Stephenson, George, 705 f. Strassburg, 396 Stuarts, 365 ff. SubvassaJ, 103 ; not under control of king, 106 • Suez Canal, 704 f. Suffrage, reform of, in England, 644?. Sully, 344 Suzerain, 103 Sweden in Thirty Years' War, 353 ff- Switzerland, origin of, 31 1 ff.; Prot- estant revolt in, 312 ff.; merce> naries, 313 (note) Syndicalism, 641 Syria, Latin kingdoms in, 173 Tacitus, 79 Taille (ta'ye), 141, 477 Talleyrand, 565 f. Tancred, in First Crusade, 170 Tartars, 403 Templars, I74f.» 199 "Temporalities," 148 " Tennis-Court " oath, 496 Terrorism in Russia, 680 f. Test Act, 384 Tetzel, 291 Textbooks, 403 ff. TheSd'oric, 26 ff. Theodosian (the o do'shi an) Code^ Theses of Luther on indulgences, 291 f. Third estate in France, 481 Third French Republic, 635 ff. Thirty-Nine Articles, 322, 456 f. Thirty Years* War, 352 ff. Thomas Aquinas, 195 Thomas of Canterbury, 319 Tilly, 354 f. Tilsit, treaties of, 547 f. Tithe, 182 Titian, 265 Togo, Admiral, 718 Tolls in the Middle Ages, 213 Tolstoy, 674 Tourneys in the Middle Ages, 108 Tours, battle of, 73 Towns, of Germany, 80, 282 ; in the Middle Ages, i59f.* 165, 203 ff., 215, 222 ff.; in eighteenth century, 445 ff. ; recent develop- ment of, 588 Trfide, medieval, 206, 208 ff. ; regu- lated by the towns, 214; spice, 224 ff. ; growth of intemationalt 703 f. Trade-unions, 449, 590 f. Trafalgar, battle of, 548 Treaty of Mersen, 87 Trent, Council of, 325 ff. Treves, elector of, 281 ; archbishop of, 304 XXX Medieval and Modern Times Triple Alliance, the, 631 Triple Entente, the, 735 Tripoli, 172, 173, 178 Troubadours, 244 f. Truce of God, 108 f. Tsar, power of, 675 Tudor, House of, 140 f., 365 Turgot, 487 f. Turkey and the Eastern Question, 689 ff. Turks, 167, i68» 173, 407, 420. 696 "Twelve Articles" of the peasants, 304 Ulrich von Hutten, 295, 304 Unification of Italy and Germany, 608 ff. United Netherlands, 335 ff., 384 Unity of history, 3 Universities, medieval, 250 ff., 254 Urban II, Pope, 167 Usury, doctrine of, 212 Utrecht, Union of, 336 j Treaty of, 399 Valentinian III; decree of, 48 Vandals, 24 f., 30 Van Dyck, 266 Van Eyck, the brothers, 265 Vasa (va'sa), Gustavus, 354 ' Vassal, medieval, 103 ff. Vassy, massacre of, 341 Vatican, 231 Velasquez (v^l ask'eth), 266 Venerable Bede, the, 54, 63 Venetian school of painting, 265 Venice, 165, 178,209, 210, 222 ff.; government of, 225 f.; war with Turks, 420 Versailles (ver sabs'; Fr. v?rsa)r'), palace of, 390 f. Victor Emanuel II, 608 ff. Victor Emanuel III, 625 Victoria, Queen, 652 ff. and note Vikings (vT'kings), 92 (note) Vil. See Manor Villains, 100 Ville, 204 Visigoths. See West Goths Voltaire, 465 f. Vulgate, 323 Wager of battle, 37 Wagram, battle of, 553 Waldensians, 188 Waldo, Peter, 188 Wales, I28ff. Wallenstein, 353 f. Walpole, prime Aiinister of Eng- land, 427 Walter the Penniless, 169 Walther von der Vogelweide, 247 War of 1914, 727 ff., 742 fif. War of Liberation in Prussia, 558 ff. Wars of the Roses, 139 f. Wartburg (vart'biirk), translation of Bible at, by Luther, 302 Waterloo, battle of, 562 Watt, James, 586 Weihaiwei (wa'Wwa') obtained by England, 715 Wesley, John, 458 Wessex, 405 West Prankish kingdom, 88, 112 West Goths, 24 f., 33, 35 Westminster, city of, 128 Westminster Abbey, 1 1 5 Westphalia, Treaty of, 357 Whitney, Eli, invents cotton gin, 583 William the Conqueror, 1 13 ff. William Rufus, 117 William III (William of Orange), 384 f., 396; and Mary, 385, 424 William I, king of Prussia and emperor of Germany, 613 f. William II of Germany, accession of, 631 f.; relations with Bis- marck, 632 f.; attitude towards socialism, 633 William the Silent, 335 ff. Wind'ischg^tz, General, 602 Wit'e na ge mot, i«6 Wittenberg, 288, 291, 298 Wolfram von Blschenbach, 247 Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal, 279, 315^- Woman suffrage in England, Women In factories, j88 f- Index XXXI Worms, 154 ; Concordat of, 157 f.; diet at, 299 ; Edict of, 301 Wycliffe, John, 201 Xavier (zaVi er), Francis, 329 York, House of, 139 f. Young, Arthur, 481 Yuan Shih-kai (yii an' she kf) at- tempts to become "Emperor of China," 7 18 f. Zolivettin, 573 Zurich, reformation at, 313 Zwingli,307, 3i2f. This book should be returned to the Library on or before the last date stamped below. A fine of flye cents a day is incurred by retaining it beyond the specified time. Please iKetum promptly. 0UEJ#W<'5r* 0/ ^^tf^'Jfi;;^,,. 