None
than que, de (before numerals) thank remercier; no, I — you je vous remercie thanks remerciments, M".; — merci no, 545 that dem. adj. ce, cet, cette; ce that dem. pron. ce, cela, celui(-la); all — tout cela; — is voila, voilà qui, c’est, celui-là est; is — the house? est-ce là la maison ? that rel. pron. qui, que, lequel: all — tout ce qui (que) that conj. que the le, la, les; — richer one is plus on est riche; — less one has of them moins on en a theater théâtre, m. their adj. leur, leurs theirs pron. le leur them les, leur, eux, elles; of — d’eux, en; to — & eux, leur, y themselves se, eux, eux-mémes then alors, ensuite, puis there la, la-bas,,y; — is (are) voilà, il y a; — it is le (la) voilà; — will be rain il pleu- vra; — is a knock on frappe; — happens il arrive; if — ever was s'il en fut (jamais); — he comes! le voilà qui vient! thereupon là-dessus these adj. ces; ces... -cl these pron. ceux, ceux-ci; — are ce sont; — books of yours vos livres que voici they ils, elles, on, ce; there — are les voila; it is— ce sont eux thief voleur, m., brigand, m thine le tien thing chose, f., affaire, f., objet, m., article, m.; this good — cela de bon think penser, croire, songer, ré- fléchir (à); what are you —ing of (about)? à quoi pensez-vous ? one would — on croirait; I told him what I — of him je lui ai dit son fait; what do you — 546 (what is your opinion) of it? qu’en pensez-vous ? third troisième, trois, tiers thirsty: be — avoir soif, f.; be very — avoir bien soif, mourir de soif thirteen treize thirty trente this adj. ce, cet, cette; ce...-ci this pron. ce, ceci, celui(-ci); — one celui-ci; — book of mine mon livre que voici those adj. ces, ces ...-là those pron. ceux(-là); all — tous ceux; — who ceux qui; — are mine voilà les miens thou tu, toi though bien que, quoique thought pensée, f. thoughtless étourdi thousand mille, mil threaten menacer three trois throne tréne, m. through par, à travers, au tra- vers de throw jeter Thursday jeudi, m. thus ainsi thy ton, ta, tes ticket billet, m. till prep. jusqu’à, avant till conj. jusqu’à ce que, que time temps, m., fois, f., époque, f., heure, f., moment, m.; some — quelque temps; in the — of (a king) sous; at that — dans ce temps-là, à cette époque, à ce moment; a long — longtemps; this long — depuis si long- temps; next — la prochaine fois; what — is it? quelle heure est-11? many a — bien des fois; have — to avoir le temps de; I have not — je n’ai pas le temps; be — to étre temps de VOCABULARY (que); most of the — la plupart du temps; at a — when à une époque où; every — that toutes les fois que, chaque fois que; he had given ten —s as much as the thing was worth il avait donné (payé) dix fois plus que l’objet ne valait; cost three —s as much coûter trois fois plus cher; have a good — s’amuser bien tire fatiguer, ennuyer; be (get) —d (of being) s’ennuyer tired fatigué, ennuyé tiresome ennuyeux to a, chez, de, pour, en, jusqu’a, envers; at five minutes — three à trois heures moins cing to-day aujourd’hui toe orteil, m., doigt, m.; step on one’s —s vous marcher sur le ’ pied together ensemble to-morrow demain; day after — aprés-demain too aussi; trop; many trop tooth dent, f. toothache mal (m.) aux dents toothpick cure-dent, m. top haut, m. touch toucher tour tour, m. towards vers, envers towel serviette, f. tower tour, f. town ville, f.; in —, down — en ville; to — à la ville toy jouet, m. trace tracer trade changer train train, m. translate traduire travel n. voyage, m. travel v. voyager; — over par- — much, — ENGLISH-FRENCH courir, —ing companion com- pagnon (m.) de voyage traveler voyageur, m. tread under foot fouler aux pieds treasure trésor, m. ~ treat traiter treatment traitement, m. treaty traité, m. tree arbre, m. tremble trembler trifling insignifiant trip excursion, f., promenade, f. troops troupes, f. pl. trouble peine, f. troupe troupe, f. true vrai, fidéle, réel, véritable trunk malle, f. trust n. confiance, f. trust ». avoir confiance en, se fier à truth vérité, f. try tâcher, essayer; — and save tâcher de conserver try on essayer Tuesday mardi, m. turn n. tour, m.; in — tour à tour turn v. tourner; — round se retourner; — out of chasser de; — out of doors mettre à la porte twelve douze; — (o’clock) midi, m., minuit, M. twenty vingt twenty-five vingt-cinq twenty-four vingt-quatre twenty-nine vingt-neuf twice deux fois two deux; — weeks quinze jours U uficle oncle, m. under sous, au-dessous de undergo subir understand comprendre; I can — 547 nothing of it je n’y comprends rien undertake entreprendre unfortunate malheureux unhappy malheureux United Kingdom Royaume-Uni, m. United States Etats-Unis, m.; in the — aux Etats-Unis unknown inconnu unless à moins que...ne until jusqu’à ce que, que up en haut; to be — étre levé; get — se lever; come — mon- ter; — to jusqu’à upholsterer tapissier, m. upon sur upright droit upstairs en haut us nous (autres) use n. usage, m., emploi, m.; make — of se servir de, em- ployer; be of some — étre de quelque utilité; have — for avoir besoin de; be no — in avoir beau use v. se servir de, employer used accoutumé; be — to avoir coutume de; — to is often ex- pressed by the imperfect indic- ative useful utile useless inutile; be — ne valoir rien; it is — for you to say so vous avez beau dire usual usuel, accoutumé, ordinaire utter proférer, articuler V vain vain; in — en vain; be in — avoir beau valuable précieux value valeur, f.; be of — valoir vast vaste vegetable légume, m. 548 verb verbe, m. verbal verbal verse vers, m., (Bible) verset, m. very trés, bien, fort, beaucoup, dés; — much beaucoup, bien, trés; that — evening le soir méme vice vice, M. Victoria Victoria victory victoire, f. view vue, f. vigor vigueur, f. village village, m. violent violent violin violon, m. virtue vertu, f. virtuous vertueux visible visible visit visiter, faire (une) visite à, rendre visite à, aller voir voice voix, f. volley volée, f. volume volume, m., tome, m. W wag remuer wages gages, m. pl. wait, — for attendre wake, waken éveiller, réveiller, se réveiller Wales le pays de Galles walk n. promenade, f.; go for a —, take a — (aller) se prome- ner; faire une promenade (à - pied) walk v. marcher, se promener; — in entrer walking marche, f., marcher, m.; be good — faire beau (bon) marcher wall mur, m., muraille, f. walnut noix, f.; — tree noyer, m. wander s’égarer, s’écarter want avoir besoin, vouloir, dé- sirer, demander, manquer (de); . you are —ed on vous demande VOCABULARY warm adj. chaud, chaleureux; be — (of living beings) avoir chaud; be (get) — (of weather) faire chaud warm v. chauffer; — your hands vous chauffer les mains was see be; he — to be there il devait y étre watch n. montre, f. watch v. suivre des yeux, veiller water n. eau, f. water 7. abreuver; make his mouth — lui faire venir l’eau à la bouche way route, f., chemin, m.; ma- nière, f., façon, f., moyen, m.; on the — en route, chemin faisant; by the — à propos; a long — off bien loin; lose one’s — s’égarer; in that — de cette manière-là; in such a — de telle sorte; have one’s — faire à sa tête; which —, the — par ou we nous, on weak faible weakness faiblesse, f. wear porter; mettre weather temps, m.; what kind of — is it? quel temps fait-il? it is fine — il fait beau (temps); the — is warm il fait chaud Wednesday mercredi, m. week semaine, f., huit jours, m. pl.; a — from to-day d’aujour- d’hui en huit; two —s from to- day d’aujourd’hui en quinze; from — to — de semaine en semaine weep pleurer weigh peser welcome accueillir; be — étre le bienvenu well n. puits, m. well adv. bien, eh bien, trés; so — si bien; very — trés bien, ENGLISH-FRENCH eh bien; be — off avoir de quoi vivre, être à son aise; be — se porter bien, aller bien; do — faire le bien; as — as aussi bien que well-known bien connu went see go were past tense of be; if you — to go there si vous y allies; if he — to say s’il disait; — it only ne fût-ce que; — you not? n’est-ce pas? west ouest, m. what adj. quel; — o’clock (fime) is it? quelle heure est-il? what pron. que, quoi, ce qui, ce que, ce & quoi, ce dont, qu’est-ce que? qu’est-ce qui? qu’est-ce que c’est que? ce que c’est que; by — he says à ce qu’il dit; not to know — to do ne savoir que faire; — is that to him? qu’est-ce que cela lui fait? — is his name? comment s’appelle- +-il? whatever tout ce qui (que), quoi que, quel que, qui que, quel- conque wheat blé, m.; — field champ (m.) de blé when quand, lorsque, que, à quelle heure; hardly...— à peine ...que; — you will quand vous voudrez whenever quand, lorsque, toutes les fois que | where où; from — d’où whereas tandis que; vu que whether si, que, soit que; —... or (soit) que...ou (que) which adj. quel; — ones? les- quels (lesquelles) ? which pron. qui, que, lequel; of — dont, duquel; at — où, auquel; in — où, dans lequel; from — dont, duquel 049 while n.: a long — longtemps while prep. en while, whilst conj. pendant que, tandis que, tant que whistle n. sifflet, m. whistle o. siffler white blanc who qui, quel, lequel whoever qui que, qui que ce soit, quiconque whole tout; the — evening toute la soirée; the — year toute l’année; the — world le monde entier whom qui, que, lequel; of — dont, de qui, duquel whose à qui, de qui, dont, du- quel; at — house chez qui why pourquoi; — yes mais oui wicked méchant wide large; — open grand(e) ouvert{e) wife femme, f., épouse, f. will vouloir; he — come il vien- dra; — you come? voulez-vous venir? — you kindly? voules- vous bien ? William Guillaume willing : be — vouloir willingly volontiers win remporter, gagner wind n. vent, m. wind v. remonter window fenêtre, f.; out of the — par la fenêtre windy: be — faire du vent wine vin, ™. wing aile, f. winter hiver, m. wipe essuyer wisdom sagesse, /. wise sage wish désirer, vouloir: as you — comme vous voudrez; when- (ever) you — quand vous vou- drez; if you — si vous voulez; 550 I — you were here je voudrais que vous fussiez ici wit esprit, m. with avec, chez, a, de, envers, par; go (be) — accompagner; the man — the big nose l’homme au gros nez withdraw se retirer within dans, au bout de without prep. sans; —...and (or) sans...ni; do — se passer de without conj. sans que (with subj.) woman femme, /. wonder s’étonner, se demander wont: be — avoir coutume de wood(s) bois, m. woodchopper, woodman bûcheron, m word mot, m., parole, f.; send -- faire savoir work n. travail, m., ouvrage, m., ceuvre, m. and f. work ». travailler; that —s ça marche, ça y est world monde, m., globe, m. worse plus mauvais, pire, pis, plus malade; which is — qui pis est worth valeur, f.; be — valoir; feel his own — sentir ce qu’il vaut; — the trouble (while) valoir la peine worthy digne, brave would past tense of will; if you were here you — do it si vous étiez ici vous le feriez; he — not do it il ne voulait pas le faire; — you be kind enough to veuillez, voulez-vous bien, voudriez-vous bien; I — as VOCABULARY soon...as j'aimerais autant ...que de; — to God! plût à Dieu! would is also often ex- pressed by the impf. indic. would-be soi-disant, prétendu wound n. blessure, f., plaie, f. wound v. blesser wrecked: be — faire naufrage wretch misérable, m. wretched misérable write écrire; — to each other s’écrire : wrong mal, m.; be (in the) — avoir tort, être dans l'erreur; do — faire le mal; take the — road se tromper de chemin; adj. mauvais Y yard cour, f., jardin, m., (measure) mètre, m. year année, f., an, m.; last — l’année dernière, l’année passée: in tbe — 1860 l’an 1860; 20 francs a — 20 francs par an yell crier yes oui, si; — you have si, si yesterday hier yet encore, toujours, cependant; déja; not — pas encore yield céder yonder là-bas; over — là-bas you vous, tu, te, tol; on young jeune, petit your votre, vos, ton, ta, tes yours le vôtre, le tien; à vous, à toi yourself vous, te, toi, vous-méme, toi-méme youth jeunesse, f. INDEX TO PART I A à, denoting indirect ob- ject, $ 24; à + le = au, 846, $123, 2; with infinitive, §99, 3, 4; with names of cities and countries, § 119. accent, acute, § 5, 1; cir- cumflex, §5, 3; grave, § 5, 2. acheter, orthographic pe- culiarities, p. 89; future, § 93; conjugation, § 158, 2. adjectival phrases with de, § 60. adjectives, plural of, § 31, § 45; feminine of, $$ 51- 52; position, 53; com- parison, §§ 68-70; fol- lowed by de or à + in- finitive, §99, 2, 3, 4; see also demonstrative, interrogative, possess- ive. adverbs, comparison, § 71; pronominal, §§ 80-81. afin que, with subjunctive, $ 106, 4. age, idioms, § 144, 5. agreement, grammatical, § 25; of past participle with avoir, § 74, with étre, § 76, with reflexive object, § 83; of present participle, § 101; of pos- sessive pronouns, § 122: of relative pronouns, $ 131. aller, conjugation, §§ 72-. 73, §92, §117, § 160: meaning of, p. 82, B (2). alphabet, names of letters of, § 4. any = en, § 36. apostrophe, § 5, 6, § 19, 1; p. 19 (6). appeler, orthographic pe- culiarities, p. 89; con- jugation, § 158, 2. après, before infinitive, p. 118, b. articles, see definite, in- definite. au =a + le; aux = à + les, $ 46. aucun, $ 137, 4; un autre distinguished from en- core un, $ 137, 2. auxiliary verbs, $ 154. avant de ++ infinitive, p. 170 (8). avant que + subjunctive, § 106, 4. avoir, conjugation, § 33, §37, $86, §91, § 100, $111, § 115, § 147, § 151; tables, § 154; forming compound tenses, §§ 63- 64; avoir besoin, etc., §61. - bien que, with junctive, § 106, 4. sub- C capital letters, $ 21. case, $ 24, ce, cet, cette, ces, § 44. ceci, § 127. cedilla, § 5, 4. ce dont, § 132, 7. cela, § 127. celui, §128; celui-ci, celui-la, §129; celui qui, § 132, 8. cent, § 138, note, § 139, § 140; Appendix. ce que, ce qui, § 132, 7. 551 c’est, ce sont, $ 44, 2, a: with logical subject, $$ 96-97; distinguished from il est, § 97, note. changer de, p. 180. cing, § 138, note. commencer, orthographic peculiarities, §78; p. 89; imperfect, § 89; conjugation, § 156. comparison, of adjectives, §§ 68-70; of adverbs, § 71. compound tenses, with avoir, §63; with étre, $ 76; of reflexive verbs, § 82; tables, § 155. conditional, mood and sentence, §§ 114-117. conjugations, regular, § 41; tables, §§ 153-155; ir- regular, §§ 160-225. connaitre, conjugation, § 133, $ 188. consonants, §§ 16-17; dou- bled consonants, §17, 19. content, before infinitive, p. 71. contractions, de, § 35; à, § 46, § 123, 2. countries, etc., with article, §§ 118-119. D dates, § 144; idioms, § 144, 3; Appendix. days, of month, §144, 2; of week, p. 110, B; time of day, § 145. de, contraction, § 35; de- noting possession, § 24; after words of quantity (beaucoup, eto.), § 59, 4, (million, etc.), § 139; denoting partitive, § 36, 552 § 59; Appendix; in ad- jectival phrases, § 60; after superlative, § 69; with infinitive, § 99, 2, 4; before countries, § 118, 2. definite article, § 22; plural of, §31; with general nouns, § 57; with names of countries, etc., §§ 118- 119; with superlative, $69; with possessive force, § 84. demi, as noun and ad- jective, § 145, 4; Ap- pendix. demonstrative adjective, $ 44. demonstrative pronoun, § 44, 2, a, § 97, §§ 125- 129. depuis (quand), with idio- matic present, § 67. des = de + les, § 35. devoir, meanings of, pp. 186-187 (3); conjuga- tion, § 214. diæresis, § 5, 5. dire, conjugation, § 124, § 193. donner, conjugation, § 42, § 56, § 85, $ 90, § 100, $ 104, § 110, § 111, § 114, § 153, § 155. dont, § 132, 3. du = de + le, § 35, § 123, 2. df, p.p. of devoir, pp. 186- 187. E elision, § 19. elle, = it, § 40. en, pronoun, § 36, 3; position of, §36, 4, $81, §113; does not agree with past parti- ciple, § 74. en, preposition, §§ 118- 119; with present parti- ciple, §101; before coun- tries, § 118, 2. INDEX est-ce que? § 43, § 49. étre, conjugation, § 39, § 86, §91, § 100, § 111, $115, §146, §151; forming compound tenses, $ 76; with re- flexive verbs, § 82; tables, § 154; être + a, denoting ownership, § 123; see also il est. eu, pronunciation in avoir, § 62, § 64. F faire, conjugation, § 50, § 88, §91, §109, § 117, $ 149; in expressions of natural phenomena, $98; table, 195; see also il fait. falloir, see il faut. finir, conjugation, § 56, § 85, § 90, § 100, § 104, § 110, § 114, § 146, § 150; tables, § 153, § 155. firet, § 144, 2. fois, distinguished from temps, p. 83. fractions, see numerals. future, see indicative. G gender, § 23. general noun, § 57. gerund, see present parti- ciple with en. get, translations of, p. 169, C. H half, § 143, § 145, 4. huit, § 138, note. hyphen, §5, 7;. see also interrogation, p. 29; § 38; Appendix. I idiomatic present indica- tive, § 67. idioms, p. 180, (2); age, § 144, 5; dates, § 144, 3. personal verbs, § 98, § 103. il est, distinguished from c'est, §97, note; with expressions of time, § 98, d, § 145. il fait, describing natural phenomena, § 145, , 5, note. it faut, impersonal, § 98, b; obligation, § 103, § 106, 3. il y a, use of, §47, + ob- ject noun, § 98, c. imperative mood, §73, §§ 110-113; tables, § 154. imperfect, see indicative, subjunctive. impersonal verbs, § 98, § 103; with subjune- tive, § 106 and pp. 121- 122. indefinite article, § 26. indefinite pronoun, § 48, §§ 136-137. indicative mood, §§ 153- 155; present, § 33, § 37, $39, §42, §50, § 56, § 72: idiomatic present, $ 67; imperfect, §§ 85- 88; past indefinite, § 64, § 66, § 76; past definite, §§ 146-149; pluperfect, $ 63, § 86; future, § 90- 94; of reflexive verbs, $82; see also aller, voir, savoir, etc. infinitrve mood, § 41, § 99; without preposition, § 99, 1; with de, $99, 2; with a, $99, 3; with par, p. 117, B (3); after entendre, p. 71; in- finitive or subjunctive, pp. 121-122; past in- finitive after aprés, p. 118. interrogation, § 29, § 38; Appendix; §39, §43, $49. : interrogative adjective, § 54. interrogative pronoun, §§ 134-135 §§ 160-225. L l'on, p. 87, footnote, p. 135, footnote. le, la, les, as article, § 22; as pronoun, § 30. lequel, relative, § 132, 5; interrogative, § 135, 6. liaison, § 18. logical subject, §§ 96-97. M manger, orthographic pe- culiarities, § 78; p. 89; imperfect, § 89; conju- gation, § 156, 2. méme, § 137, 7. mener, orthographic pe- culiarities, § 78; p. 89; conjugation, § 158. mil, mille, in dates,.§ 144, and Appendix. mille, milliard, § 139. moins, comparative, $ 68. months, of the year, § 144, 4. mood, see indicative, in- finitive, participle, im- perative, subjunctive, conditional. multiplicatives, see numer- als. million, N names, of countries, etc., §§ 118-119; of days, p. 110, B; of months, § 144, 4. nasalization, §12, 2, 4, § 13, 3, § 14, 2, § 25, 4. natural phenomena, § 98, a, § 145, 5, note. necessity, see obligation. INDEX negation, § 28, § 36, 2, § 59, 1, §112, § 136, 4, $ 137, 4. noun, plural of, § 31, $ 45: general, § 57; partitive, § 36, § 59. nul, § 137, 4. numerals, cardinal, §§ 138- 140, and Appendix; in dates, days and titles, $144, 1, 2, and Ap- pendix; ordinal, § 142; multiplicatives, § 141; fractions, § 143. Oo on, § 48, § 136; see also Yon. once, $ 141. onze, § 138, note. orthographio, signs, § 5; peculiarities (commen- cer, manger, mener), S 78, §89, §§ 156-158. où, $ 132, 4. ownership, article with parts of body, clothing, etc, §84; être +a, $123; whose =A qui, § 135, 2. P participle, present, §§ 100- 101; gerund, $101; past, §62, § 63, § 74, $76, §§ 82-83, § 155; agreement, § 74. partir, meaning of, p. 83; conjugation, § 166. partitive, noun and pro- noun, § 36, § 59. pas with ne, § 28; pas un, $ 137, 4. past definite, see indica- tive. past descriptive, see im- perfect, § 87. past indefinite, see indica- tive. payer, with two objects, p. 88 (8). 593 penser A, penser de, p. 165, note. personal pronoun, object, 830, 877, §79; posi- tion, $ 81, $ 113: dis- junctive, $$ 95-96. personne, § 136, 4. peu, un peu, p. 75. phonetic, symbols, § 3: transcription, pp. 12-13. pièce, distinguished from chambre, salle, p. 165 (9). plural, of nouns and ad- jectives, $ 31, § 45. plus, comparative, $ 68. position, see word order. possessive adjective, § 27, § 32. possessive pronoun, $$121- 123. pour que, with subjuno- tive, § 106, 4. pouvoir, conjugation, $ 102, § 221. prendre, special meaning, p. 79. pronoun, in address, § 34; plural of, § 31; position of pronoun objects, § 77, $81, §113; see also demonstrative, indefi- nite, interrogative, per sonal, relative, reflexive pronouns. pronunciation, §§ 1-19: see also Exercises in Pronunciation, Lessons I-XIX; of commencer, manger, mener, § 78; of acheter, appeler, p. 89; of numerals, § 138. punctuation, § 20. Q quarter, § 143. quatre-vingt(s), § 138, note, §140, and Ap- pendix. que, conjunction, after comparatives, §68; in 554 subordinate clauses, $ 106. que, pronoun, relative, § 75, § 106, 5, § 132; in- terrogative, § 134, § 135, 3. quel, § 54. quelque, p. 75. quelque chose, § 136, 3. quelqu’un, § 136, 2. qu’est-ce que? § 49. qu’est-ce qui? § 135, 4. qui, § 75, §132; à qui, § 135, 2; de qui, § 135, 2. quitter, meaning of, p. 83. quoi, relative, § 132, 6; interrogative, § 135, 5. quoique, with subjunctive, § 106, 4. R reflexive pronouns, §§ 82- 83. reflexive verbs, conjuga- tion, §§ 82-84. regular conjugation, §§ 41- 42, $ 153. relative pronouns, §§ 130-132. ressembler a, p. 180. result clause, § 116, 2, 3. rien, § 136, 4. $75, savoir, conjugation, § 120, § 222. seasons, § 144, 4. si, in conditional sentences, $ 116; elision of i, § 19. some = en, § 36. sounds, $ 2. stress, §7, §25, 7, §30, (1). subjunctive mood, §§ 153- INDEX 155; present, §§ 104- 109; imperfect, §§ 150- 152; tense sequence, § 107, § 152; subjunc- tive or infinitive, pp. 121-122. such = si or tellement, $ 137, 5. superlative, of adjectives, § 69. syllabication, § 6, § 25, (5). symbols, table of, § 3. T. tel, un tel, § 137, 5. temperature, see natural phenomena. temps, distinguished from fois, p. 83. tense zequence, § 107, § 152. tenses, formation, § 159; see also compound. time, of day, §145; il est with expressions of time, § 98, d, § 145. titles, § 144. tolérances, see Appendix. tout, § 58, § 137, 6. V vendre, conjügation, $ 56, § 85, $ 90, $ 100, $ 104, § 110, § 114, $ 146, § 150. verbs, in -cer, -ger, § 78, §89, §156; in -yer, § 157; with stem-vowel e or 6, §78, § 158; principal parts, § 159; reflexive, § 82; im- personal, §98, § 103; regular conjugations, §§ 153-155; irregular verbs, $$ 160-225; ref- erence list of irreg- ular verbs, § 226: see also conjugations, moods, tenses. vingt, § 138, note; §140; Appendix. voici, § 30, note. voila, §30, note; dis- tinguished from, il y a, § 47, 2. voir, conjugation, § 224. vouloir, meanings of, p. 187; conjugation, § 108, § 225. vowels, §§ 9-15; quantity, § 8. § 124, vowel Ww weather, see natural phe- nomena. what (absolute) = ce qui,. § 132, 7. what? = que? § 38, 3. whose = à qui, § 135, 2. willing and desiring, governing subjunctive, § 106, 1. word order, auxiliary verb, §65; after entendre, p. 71 (3); after voir, p. 81, Jooinote; pro- noun objects, $ 77; pro- noun objects and pro- nominal adverbs, § 36, 4, $81, $113; déjà, encore, p. 99 footnote; position of adjectives, § 53. Y y, use of, $ 55, § 80; p. 93, footnote; position, § 81, § 113. INDEX TO PART II A a (prep.), of indir. obj., $362, 2, $ 451, 1; verb + a= Eng. tran., § 296, 2; idiomatic with verbs, § 296, 4; with names of countries, § 333, 3; de- noting possession after être, § 377, 1; in prepo- sitional phrases, § 432; repetition, § 434; = con- cerning, of, § 436, 2; of ‘place,’ ‘time,’ § 439, 1, § 444, 2; of ‘ motion towards,’ $451, 2; = with (characteristic), § 454, 4. abbreviations, § 461. about, § 436. adjective, see also posses- sive, demonstr., inter- rog., indef., numeral; fem., §§ 336-337; pl. §§ 338-339; agreement, $§ 340-344; as adv., § 410, § 343, 1; nouns as adjs., §344; advs. as adjs., § 358, b; com- parison, §§ 345-349;-po- sition, §§ 350-353; with a, § 355; with de, § 356; with en, §357; with envers, § 358. adverb, list, §408; in -ment from adjs., § 409; adjs. as advs., § 410; adverbial locutions, $411; comparison, $ 412: position, $ 413; negatives, §§ 414-419; distinctions in use, § 420; numeral advs., $ 426. afin que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 2. after, § 437. agir, impers., § 252, 1, obs. aïeul, pl., § 309. ail, pl., § 309. aimer, + a, without prep., 281, 1. aller, + infin., $ 230, 8; impers., § 252, 1, obs.; s’en aller, § 247; allez, allons, special force, § 267, b. âme qui vive, ime vivante, with ne, $ 415, 2, c. à moins que, with ne, § 419, I. among, § 438. amour, gender, § 304, 3, b. and, untranslated, § 456, 2; =ni, 457, 2. apposition, use of art., § 330, 4. approuvé, § 289, a. aprés, § 437. aprés, + infin., § 282, 4. aprés-midi, gender, § 304, 3, a. arriver, impers., § 252, 1. article, §§ 315-335, see also def. art. and indef. art.; agreement and repetition, §318; use with nouns, §§ 319-335; omission, § 330; in ap- position, § 330, 4; un- classified examples, $331; with proper names, §§ 332-335. at, § 439. 555 attendant: en — que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 1. attendu, § 289, a. au = à + le, § 317. aucun(s), $ 403, 3; use, $ 406, 1; with ne, $ 415. aucunement, with ne, $ 415. au-dessous de, § 453, 2. au-dessus de, § 448, 1. aussi,incomparison (adj.), § 345; (adv.), § 412. autant, § 420, 2. automobile, § 304, 3, c. autour de, § 436, 1. autre, § 403, 3; use, § 406, 2; with ne, 419, 3, n. autrement, with ne, § 419, 3, D. autrui, § 403, 2; use, § 405, 1. aux =A + les, $ 317. auxiliary verbs, use, $§ 227-229; modal auxs., § 230, 5, n. avant, § 440, 2. avant que, with ne, § 419, 1, b; avant que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 1. avec, § 454, 1, 3. avoir, conjugn., § 154; used to form comp. tenses, § 227, § 229; y avoir, § 250; il y a and voilà, § 250, 3; avoir besoin, etc. (without art.), §330, 1; avoir Pair, agreement of adj. with, § 343, 4, c, denot- ing dimension, § 428, obs. 3; denoting age, § 430. 556 beaucoup, + de, agree- ment of verb, $ 232, 2, a, b; with partitive, $ 325, 1, d; replaced by plusieurs, §406, 4; comparison, §412, 2. before, § 440. bel, § 337, 1, (3). bestiaux, § 308, 4, n. bétail, pl., § 308, 4, n. bien, with partitive, § 325, 1, b; irreg. comparison, § 412, 2. bien que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 4. bon, comparison, § 346; +A or pour, § 355, a, § 358, a. bouger, with ne alone, $418, 4. bout: au — de, § 437, 2. brin, with ne, § 415, 2, 6. by, § 441; ot ‘dimension,’ § 428, a. C 2, § 378, 2, obs. ça, for cela, § 388, «¢, f; distinguished from çà and cà!, § 388, f. n. cà, cà !, distinguished from ça, § 388, f. n. cardinals, § 421, § 427; in dates, etc., § 427; for ordinals, § 427. cas: au — où, + indic. or subj., § 455, § 271, 3, c. D.; au — que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 3; dans le — où, + indic. or subj., $455, § 271, 3, c, n.; en — que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 3. case relations, of nouns, $313; of conjunctive pers. prons., § 362. ce (adj.), § 378, 1; § 380. ce (pron.), § 378, 2; agree- ment of verb with, INDEX § 232, 3; use, §§ 383- 387; + @étre, § 383, § 384; c’est and il est, § 384; + arelat., § 385; in phrases, § 386; ce semble, § 386, a; pleo- nastic, § 387; ce n’est pas que + subj., § 455. ceci, § 378, 2; use, § 388. cela, § 378, 2; use, § 388; replaced by là, § 388, d. celui, § 378, 2; use, § 381. celui-ci, §378, 2; use, § 382. celui-là, §378, 2; use, 8382; replacing celui, § 381, b. cent(s), § 421, b, c, d, e. -cer, verbs in, § 156. certain, §403, 1; use, § 404, 1. certifié, § 289, a. cesser, with ne alone, $ 418, 4. cet, for ce, § 378, 1, obs. chacun, §403, 2: use, § 405, 2. chaque, § 403, 1; § 404, 2. chez, § 439, 2, § 451, 2, $454, 2. -ci, § 380. ciel, pl., § 309. ci-inclus, § 289, b. ci-joint, § 289, b. collationné, § 289, a. collectives, § 423. combien, agreement, § 232, 2, b. comme, for que in com- parison, § 345, b. comparison, of adjs., §§ 345-349; of advs. §412; irreg. (adj.), § 346; irreg. (adv.), § 412, 2: remarks, § 349; followed by ne, § 419, 3. complement, predicative, §295; prepositional, § 296; composite, § 298. compound adjs. pl., § 343, 2; nouns, pl., § 311. compound tenses, forma. tion, §§ 227-229; in oondl. sent., $ 275, a. compris (y), non —, § 289. concerning, § 436, 2. condition: a la — que, + indic. or subj., § 455, 8271, 3, c. conditiona! sentences, § 274, $275: use of mood and tense in, § 275. conditional, tense, § 265, in condl. sent., § 275. conditional anterior, tense, §266; replaced by plupf. subj., § 272, 3; by impf. indic., in ‘re- sult’ clause, § 275, c. conjunction, list, § 455; with indic., subj., indic. or subj., see list, § 455; use of certain, §§ 456- 459; distinctions, $ 459. conjunctive pron., $ 359 and n.; use, §§ 362-371. couple, gender, $ 304, 3, f. craindre, with ne, § 419, 2. crainte: de —que...ne, + subj., § 455, § 271, 2. D d’abord, § 426, a. dans, § 444, 1, 3. dates, § 421, c, d, § 427. dative, of pers. pron., § 362, 2; ethical, §362,n. davantage, § 420, 3. de, as partitive sign, §§ 323-325; agent after passive, § 240, § 441, 1; after adjs., § 356; verb + de = Eng. transitive, § 296, 1; idiomatic with verbs, § 296, 4; with names of countries, § 333, 2; de = in, after superLl, § 347, 2; de noting ‘by how much,’ after superl., § 349, 2; pleonastic after inter- rog., § 391, n.; of ‘di mension,’ § 428, obs. 1, § 430, obs. 3; in prepo- sitional phrases, § 432; repetition, § 434; de = by (measure), § 441, 3; de = from, $ 443, 1: of ‘place’ (after superl.), $ 444, 4; de = of, $ 445, 1; de = with, § 454, 6; = concerning, of, $ 436. de ce que, constr., § 269, 4, db. décider, + à, + de, § 281, 2. défer, + à, + de, § 281, 8. definite article, forms, $ 316; contractions, $317; agreement and repetition, § 318, § 347, a; with general noun, §321; with partitive noun, § 323; in titles, § 327; for possessive adj., § 328; distribu- tively, $ 329; omission, $330, § 333, 4; unclas- sified examples, § 331; with names of persons, §332; of countries, $333: of cities, etc., $ 334; of mountains and rivers, §335; in superlative, §§ 347-349; replacing demonstr. adj., §380, b; in frac- tions, § 424, b. délice, gender, § 304, 2, d. demi, agreement, § 343, 4, a; in compounds, § 311, 2, a, §343, 4, a; in fractions, § 424, a. demonstrative adjective, forms, § 378, 1; agree- ment, §379; repetition, $379, a; use, § 380; replaced by def. art., $380, b. demonstrative pronoun, forms, § 378, 2; agree- ment, § 379; use, $§ 381-388. ‘ divers, INDEX depuis, § 443, 3; with ne, $419, 6; — que dis tinguished from puis- que, § 459, 3. dernier, + subj., § 27 0, 3; +A + infin., § 279, 3, a. des = de +- los, § 317. dès, $ 443, 3. descendre, +4, -+ dir. infin., $ 281, 4. désobéir, passive use, § 241, 1. determinatives, position, § 353. déterminer, “+ à, + de, § 281, 5. | deuxième, for second, $ 422, b. devant, § 440, 1. devoir, + infin., § 230, 2; + de + infin., § 278, 6. différents, $ 403, 1; use, § 404, 3. dire, + de, + dir. infin., § 281, 6. direct, obj., § 293. disjunctive pron., § 359 and n; use, § 372; avoided, § 372, 6, n. §403, 1; use, § 404, 3. donner, conjugation, §153. dont, § 395; use, § 398. double, as adv., § 425, a. du = de + le, $ 317. dû, agreement, § 292, 4, b. dur, + pour, § 358, a.. durant, position, § 433, b. not + § 457, 3. -eler, verbs in, § 158, 2. elliptical tense forms, § 256. empécher, with ne, § 419. empresser(s’), + à, + de, § 281, 7. en (pron. adv.), § 360; use, § 367, § 372, 6, n.; 557 agreement of past part. § 292, 3, a; position, § 370. en (prep.), in gerunds, § 286, 3; with names of countries (no art.), $333, 2; repetition, § 434; of ‘place,’ ‘time,’ § 439, 1, § 444, 2, 3; of ‘material,’ § 445, 2; of ‘motion towards,’ $ 451, 2. encore que, +- subj., §455, 8271, 4. encore un, § 406, 2, a. en premier lieu, § 426, a. ensuite, § 426, a. entendre, + infin., constr. of obj., § 293, 2, b. entendu, § 289, a, $ 292, 4, a. entre, § 438, 1, 2; d’entre, after superl., § 347, 2. envers, § 451, 3. environ, § 436, 4. ès = en les, § 317, n. 2. esse, fem. ending, $ 306. est-ce que, use of, § 236, 4. et (conj.), use of, § 456. été, invar., § 239, obs. -eter, verbs in, § 158. ethical dative, § 362, n. être, § 154; forming comp. tenses, §228, § 229; forming passive, § 239; forming reflexive comp. tenses, § 242; as impers. verb, § 250, 2; +a+ infin., § 279; +a, +a --.de,+a...a, § 281, 8. eu, past part., agreement, § 292, 4, d.. -eur, fem. of, § 337, 2, (2). éviter, with ne, § 419, 1. excepté, § 289, a. F fâché, + contre, § 356, a. façon: de — que, + indic. or subj., § 455, $ 271, 2, a. 558 faire, + infin., § 230, 6; + de + infin., § 278, 6, b: of weather, etc. § 249, 2; + infin., constr. of obj., § 293, 2, a; pas- sive force of trans. infin., $ 241, 3. fait (past part.), agree- ment, § 292, 4, Ce falloir, § 251. fatiguer(se), + à, + de, § 281, 9. feu, § 343, 4, b. finir, conjugation, § 153; +a, + de, § 281, 10. fois (une fois), § 425, 2. fol, § 337, 1, (3). for, § 442.. force, agreement, § 232, 2, a. fort, + sur, § 357, a. foudre, gender, $ 304, 3, à. fractions, $ 424. franc de port, § 343, 4, a. from, $ 443. future, § 263; in condl. sentence, §275; re- placed by pres., § 257, 4, 5; replaced by oondl., § 265, 3. future anterior, § 264; re- placed by past indef., § 259, 3. G garde-, in compounds, § 311, 5, a. gender, of nouns, § 300; by meaning, § 303; by endings, § 302; by deri- vation, § 301; double, $304; of compounds, $ 305; formation of fem., $306, §§ 336-337; of adjs., §§ 336-337. general noun, § 321; and partitive, § 326. gens, gender, § 304, 3, k. gent, pl., § 308, 5. gerund, § 286, 3; English, § 287, 2. INDEX goutte, with ne, § 415, 2. guère, with ne, § 415, b. H hair, + de + infin., § 279, 6, c. haut, for hauteur, § 428, obs. 4 homme qui vive, with ne, $415, 2, c. however, § 404, 5, b and n. hymne, gender, § 304, 3. I ignorant, + sur, § 357, a. ignorer, + negative, con- str. after, § 269, 5, d. il (impers.), agreement, § 232, 4, §361, d; as subject of impers. verb, § 248, § 252, 2, § 253; il y a, § 250, 3; il est, § 250, 2, § 383, 1, a, b; il faut, § 251; il s’en faut, § 251, 5; distin- guished from ce, § 384, 1; il est vrai, § 384, 1, a; il semble, § 386, a; il s’en faut, with ne, § 419, 5: ily a, with ne, $ 419, 6. imperative, § 267; reten- tion of -8 in 2 sg. before y or en, § 153, § 159, 4; in condl. sentence, § 275; replaced by fut., § 263, 4. imperfect, (indic.), § 258; in narrative, examples of, § 261; in condl. sen- tence, § 275; replacing plupf. or condl. ant. in condl. sentence, § 275, c; (subj.), § 273, 2, a. impersonal verbs, §§ 248- 253; verbs used imper- sonally, §252; de + infin. as logical subj. of, § 280, 1. importe (qu’), § 232, 4, a. in, § 444. indefinite article, forms, § 315; agreement and repetition, $ 318; use, $320; omission, $ 330; unclassified examples, § 331; with names of persons, § 332, 3. indefinite adj., forms, § 403, 1-3, § 407, 1; use, § 404, § 406, § 407; position in negation, $ 416. indefinite pron., forms, § 403, 2, 3, §407, 2; use, § 405, § 406, § 407; position in negation, § 416. indicative mood, § 254, see also the various tenses; in conditions, § 275, obs. indirect discourse, mood of, § 254, n. 1; tense of, § 258, 5. indirect obj., § 293, 2, § 294, § 362, 2, § 451, 1. indulgent, + pour or à, § 358, a. -ine, fem. ending, § 306, 8. infinitive mood, § 276; without prep., § 278, reference list, § 278, 6; with a, § 279, reference list, § 279, 6; with de, # 280, reference list, 8280, 6; historical, § 280, 4; distinctions, § 281; with other preps., § 282; for subordinate clause, § 283; with pas- sive force, § 284; for Eng. -ing, § 285, § 287. interjection, § 460. interrogation, word order. § 236; indirect, § 238. interrogative adj., forms, §389, 1; agreement, $390; use, § 391, § 392, 1, b, 2. interrogative locutions, § 394 interrogative pron., forms, § 389, 2: agreement, § 390; use, §§ 392, 393. into, § 444. intransitive verbs, § 794. inversions, rhetorical, § 237. irregular verbs, § 156; list of, $ 226; in -er, $§ 156-161; in -cer, -ger, § 156; in -yer, § 157; with stem-vowel e (6), § 158; in -eler, ~-eter, § 158; in -ir, §§ 162-179; in -re, §§ 180-211; in -olr, $§ 212-225; in -andre, -endre, -erdre, -ondre, -ordre, § 210. eissime, superl. ending, § 348, a. J jamais, with ne, § 415. je soussigné, § 372, 2, n. jumelle, § 337, 1, (3). jurer, + de, + dir. infin., § 281, 11. jnsqu’a, $ 451, 4; jusqu’à ce que, + indic. or subj., § 455, § 271, 1. L lA, 6 380. laissé, § 292, 4, a. laisser, + infin., § 230, 7; + de +infin., § 278, 6, c; + à, + de, + dir. infin., § 281, 12; constr. of obj., § 293, b. large, for largeur, § 428, obs. 4. lasser (se), +a, + de, $ 281, 13. le (la, les), see def. art. and pers. pron.; predi- cative, § 364; pleonas- tic, §365; = one, 80, $ 365, b. length, see quantity. INDEX lequel? §389, 2; use, § 391. lequel, $ 395; use, $ 400. less; less and less, § 345, d; the less, $ 345, d; less than (adv. of quan- tity), § 412, b. loin que, + subj., § 455, § 271, 5. long, for longueur, § 428, obs. 4. lorsque, distinguished from quand, § 459, 1. l’un, § 406, 7, (1), a. l’un l’autre, § 406, 7, (2). M e maint, § 403, 1; use, § 404. mal, irreg. comparison, $ 412, 2. malgré que, + subj., $ 455, § 271, 4. ma mie, m’amour, $ 374, n. manière: de — que, + indic. or subj., $ 455, § 271, 2, a. manquer, +a, + de, § 281, 14. mauvais, irreg. compari- son, $ 346. meilleur, $ 346. même, § 403, 3; use, $ 406, 3. mie, with ne, $ 415, 2, b. mien, etc., for le mien, § 377, 2. mieux, § 412, 2. mil, in dates, § 421, c. mille, § 421, e. mine, etc., translated, 8377, 1. moi, for me, § 370, 3, obs. moindre, § 346. moins, § 412, 2; in com- parison (adj.), § 345, (adv.), § 412; moins de, § 412, 1,5; à moins que ene, +subj., § 455, § 271, 3, — + de deux, agreement of, § 232, 2 c. mol, $ 337, 1, (3). 559 ” mon, for ma, $ 374, 1, obs. 1; in address, § 376, 4. mood, see the various moods; of subordinate clause, § 254, n. 2. more; more and more, §345, d; the more, § 345, d; more than, (adv. of quantity), § 412, b. mot, with ne, § 415, 2, b. multiplicatives, § 425. N n’avoir garde, § 418, 5. ne (n’), with pas, point, etc., §415; position, $ 416; omission, § 417; alone as negative, § 418; pleonastic, §419;ne... que, position, § 416, c; ne ...ni, position, $ 416, d; ne... que and seulement, § 420, 4. negation, §§ 414-419; see also ne, non, pas, etc. neither ... nor, translated, § 416, d, § 457, 3. ni, use, § 233, b, § 457, 1; with ne, §415; ni... ne, position, § 416, d. n’importe, § 418, 5. nombre, -++ de, agreement with verb, § 232, 2, a. non (pas, point), § 414; que non, § 420, 1, a. nonante, § 421, n. nonobstant que, -+ subj., § 455, § 271, 4. non (pas) que, + subj., $ 455, $ 271, 5. nor; — either, $ 457, 3. not: — either, $ 457, 3. noun, gender, $$ 300-306, $$ 336-337; number, $§ 307-312; case rela- tion, § 313; agreement, $314; as adj. § 343, 3, § 344, § 352, 2, (3). nous, for je, §361, a; pleonastic, § 372, 5, a: nous autres, § 406, 2, c. 560 nouvel, § 337, 1, (3). nu, agreement, § 343, 4, a. nul, § 403, 3, § 337, 1, (2), b; use, § 406, 1; with ne, § 415. nullement, with ne, § 415. sumber of nouns, general rule, § 307; exceptions, § 308; double pl., $ 309; foreign nouns, § 310; comp. nouns, § 311; pl of proper nouns, § 312; of adjs., §§ 338-339. numerals, cardinals, § 421; ordinals, § 422; colleo- tives, § 423; fractions, § 424; multiplicatives, §425; adverb, § 426; remarks on use, §§ 427- 430; in dates, titles, ete., § 427; for dimen- sion, § 428; for time of day, §429; for age, § 430. Oo obéir, in passive, § 241, 1. object, dir. and indir., $293; position, § 297. obliger, + a, + de, § 281, 15. occuper(s’), $ 281, 16. octante, § 421, n. ceil, pl. of, § 309. œuvre, gender, § 304, 3, j. of, § 445; a friend of mine, etc., § 377, 3. on (lon), $ 403, 2; use, § 405, 3; replacing pas- sive, § 241, 2, a. on, § 446. once, $ 425, 2. one, = le, § 365, b. only, translated, § 420, 4. or, = ni, § 457, 2. ordinals, § 422. orge, gender, § 304, 3, A. osé, agreement, § 292, 4. oser, +infin., § 230, 6: with ne alone, § 418, 4. others, § 405, § 406, 2, b. +a, +e, INDEX où (rel. pron.), § 395; use, § 390, § 398, b. oul, § 420, 1; $420, À, a. oul, § 289, a. oukr, + infin., constr. of obj., § 293, 2, 8. owt of, § 447. over, § 448. own, translated, § 376, 3, $377, 4. que oui, P pal, pl., $ 309. pâque(s), gender, § 304, 8,9. | par, $ 441, 1, 2, § 443, 2, $448, 2, $449, 1, 2; agent after passive, § 240; + infin., § 282, 1; of price, § 320, 1, a. par-dessus, § 448, 2. paraître, fi paraît, constr. after, § 269, 5, b. pardonner, in passive, $ 241, 1. parler francais, § 321, «. parmi, § 438, 1. participles, pres., § 286; Eng. forms in -éag, § 287; past, $$ 288-292; as adjs., position, § 352, 1, @). partir: à — de, § 443, 3. partitive noun, §§ 322- 326; partitive and gen- eral noun, § 326. pas, with ne, § 415; posi- tion, §416; without verb, § 417, a; without ne (fam.), §415, n. 2. passé, § 289, a. passive voice, formation, $239; agreement of past part., § 239 and obs.; agent after, § 240; limitations and subeti- tutes, § 241; replaced by on, etc., § 405, 3, a. past anterior, § 262. past definite, § 260; in narrative, examples, $261; replaced by impf., § 258, 8; in ‘if’ clauses, § 275, f. past indefinite, § 259; in narrative, examples, § 261; subjunctive se- quence after, § 273, 2.4. past participle, agreement in passive, § 239 and obs.: without aux. $280; as prep., § 289, a; with être, § 200, pas un, $403, 3; use, § 406, 1; with ne, § 415. payé, § 289, a. pendant que, distin- guished from tandis que, $ 459, 2. penser, —- à, “+ dir. infin., $281, 17. perfect subj., § 273, 1, b; for plupf., § 273, 2, b. periphrastic forma, in con- jugation, § 255, § 287, 1. personal pronouns, formas, § 350; agreement, § 361; case relations and use of conjunctives, § 362; reflexives, § 366; posi- tion of subject, §§ 235- 238; position of objects, $369; omission of obj., $371; disjunctives, use of, $ 372; in address, § 373. personne, § 403, 2; use of, § 405, 4; with ne, § 415; gender, $ 405, 4, n. petit, irreg. comparison, § 346. peu, irreg. comparison, $ 412, 2; + de, § 232, 2, a, b; with partitive, $ 325, 1, d. peur: de — que...ne, + subj., § 455, § 271, 2. peut-être que, oonsér. § 269, 5, n.; no inver- sion, $ 237, 3. pire, $ 346. pis, $ 412, 2. plein, when invar., $ 343, 4, a. plupart, agreement of verb, § 232, 2, a, b; with par- titive, $ 325, 1, c. pluperfect (indic.), $ 262; replaced by plupf. subj., 8272, 3; replaced by impf. indic., § 275, c; replaced by perf. subj. § 273, 3, ec; replacing plupf. indie. or condl. ant., §272, 3; se quence, § 273, replacing plupf. indic. in ‘if’ clause or ‘result’ clauso, § 275, b. plus, §412, 2; in com- parison (adj.), $ 345, (adv.), §412; — de, $ 412, 1, b; with ne, $415; plus and davan- tage, § 420, 3; — d’un, agreement, § 232, 2, c. plusieurs, § 403, 3; use, $ 406, 4. plus tét, with ne, § 419, 3, 2. plutôt, with ne, § 419, 3, n. point, with ne, $ 415, and n. 1; position, $ 416. possessive ndj., forms, 8374, 1; agreement, $375; repetition, § 375, a; use, §376; def. 