None
To regulate details of interstate carriage. 1236. Distribution of fuel cars of railway, 1239 n. Bookkeeping of carriers, 1240. Interstate Commerce Act, 1239-1210 n. Federal 1'ure Food Act, 1244 and notes. Federal power not limited by "•original package" doctrine. 1240*- 1217. Safety Appliance Act, 1247. Applicable to cars in all kinds of traffic, 124S*, 124S-1249 n. Hours of Service Act, 1249 n. • Employers' Liability Act, 1250 and notes. Negligent employee need not be in interstate commerce, 1253* and note. Winn is injured employee engaged in such commerce, 1254-1255 n. To forbid discharge of interstate railway employee for membership in labor union, 1256. To forbid payment of advance wages to seamen, 125S n. When federal act supersedes all state acts on subject, 1258 and note. Over commerce with Indian tribes, 1201 n. Federal maritime authority, What are navigable waters of United States, 1261-1203 and notes. State's power to regulate marine torts within it, 1263. Locality of admiralty jurisdiction, 1200*-1207 and note. Over foreign waters. 1268 n. Power of Congress to alter maritime law, 1201, 1275*. Power of state to alter maritime law, By unwritten common law, 120S. By statute, 1271, 1274. As to attuiiralty procedure, 1271, 1271 1272 u. INTOXICATING LIQUORS, Residential qualification for license to sell, 212 n. Classification of places for sale of, 300. Classification with, of all liquors containing malt, 3S1 n. Prohibition of sale and manufacture of, 393. State monopoly of, 898 n. Licenses to sell, restricted to men. 373 n. Women excluded from wine-rooms, 373 n. 1436 INDEX INTOXICATING LIQUORS— Continued, Private intoxication, 413 n. Forbidding sale of other goods in saloons, 4(54 n. Regulation of interstate commerce in, 107G, 11SS, 1193, 1197, 1205. INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE, See Liberty of Person. JUDGMENTS, Power of legislature to re-open, 54, 57 n., SOT n. JUDICIAL POWER, To decide validity of constitutional changes, 1, 17, 24 n. To enjoin submission -of proposed constituiional changes to voters, 16 n. To declare statutes unconstitutional, 25-53. Doctrines in other countries, 31-33 n. Limitations upon, in American practice, 32, 37-38 n., 38, 39, 42 n,, 45- 46 n. For motives of legislature, 36* and notes. To render "advisory" opinions, 44-45 n. Exercise of, how far free from legislative control, Requiring advisory opinions, 39, 44^15 n. Giant of new trials and appeals, 54 and notes. Trial and punishment of contempts, 70. In equity cases, 81 n. Admission to bar, 82 n. Various incidents of, 81-S2 n. What constitutes, 54 and notes, 70, 72-73 n., 76 n., 8SS* and note. Appointment of officers, 59. Assessing and levying taxes, 60 n. Reviewing tax assessments, 72-73 n. Various administrative functions, 61-62 n. Grant of liquor licenses, 84-S5 n. Determination of need of municipal incorporation, 86-87 n. Location of railways, 81. Regulation of public utilities (rates, etc.), 80, 96, 100 n., 309. Necessity for hearing and notice in exercise of. see Procedure. To determine lawful legislature or governor, 100 n. Validity of modes of legislative action, 108 m Validity of apportionment acts, 108 n. Individual political rights, 108 n. To control political parties, 10S-109 n. To control executive action, 106, 109, 112-113 n. Legislative action, 113 and notes, JUNK AND JUNK DEALERS, Regulation of, 360-301 n. JURISDICTION, Necessity of, for due process of law, see Procedure; Taxation, Of federal courts, see Federal Courts. JURY DUTY, 532 n. JURY TRIAL, In criminal cases, 193, 196-198 n. In misdemeanors, 196 n. Waiver of criminal jury, 196 n. Restraint of criminal acts by injunction, 197-19S n. In civil cases, 275 n. How far a privilege secured to federal citizens, as such, 225. As a requisite of due process of law, 275 n. Equal protection of law in constitution of jury, 314 and notes. Guaranty of, in "unincorporated" federal territory, 1013. In "incorporated" territories, 1015. In federal courts, 1323 n., 1326 n. INDEX 1437 LABOR AND SERVICES, Exemption of, from anti-trust law, 306 n. LABOR UNIONS, Discharge of employees for membership in. 4i.'>. Requirement of union labor in public buildings, 477. LAUNDRIES, .•km of, 331!, 383. 387. ling 1U hour law for women to, 357 n. LAW OE NATIONS, Federal power to enforce, 908. LAWYERS, fast loyalty to government required of, 184 n. See Admission to Bar. LEGAL TENDER ACTS, 930-937 and notes. LEGISLATIVE ACTS, Mode of proof of, 18» and n. 1. Proposal of constitutional amendments, 16-18 & Effect of unconstitutionality, 44-53. De facto municipalities and officers, 44, 49 50 n. Partial unconstitutionality, 52, 53-54 n. LEGISLATIVE POWER, To call constitution;! 1 convention, 1. To propose new constitution or amendments, 11, 17. 17-18 n. Unconstitutional exercise of, when subject to judicial control, 25-43. Winn independent ot judicial control, 100 n., 112 n., 113 and notea. To grant divorces, 58, What constitntes, see Judicial Power, what constitutes. To appoint officers, G3*-64, 05 n. To call and examine witnesses, and to punish contempts, 05, 70 n. injunction or mandamus to control exercise of, 113 anil I -ity for notice and hearing in exercise of, see Procedure. LIBERTY OF PERSON, 151-163. Slavery, what constitutes, 151, 153 n. Involuntary servitude, Of seamen under voluntary contract, 154. Of apprentices. 150 n. Requirement of personal labor on highways, 157 n. .Militia duly, 157 n. Imprisonment for breach of manual labor contract, 158, 162 n. Statutory presumption of fraudulent breach, 158. Peonage, 101*. Judicial decrees of specific performance of personal service contracts, 103 n. Imprisonment for debt, 103 n. LIEN, Citation of, for claim against stranger, 512 n. For taxes of stranger, 279 n. LIFE CONVICTS, Punishment of, 344. LIQUOR. See intoxicating Liquors. LOCAL LEGISLATION, See Special and Local Legislation. LOCAL OPTION, Validity of, 121-123 n. LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT, Validity of, 1-1 I23n. Constitutional right of, 123 n., G40n. 1438 INDEX LOTTERIES, See Obligation of Contracts; Interstate Commerce. LUMBER AND LUMBERING, Combination of retailers of, 467. Price-discrimination in sales of, 473 n. MAKING AND CHANGING CONSTITUTIONS, 1-24. Power of legislature to call constitutional convention, 1. To propose new Constitution or amendments, 11, 17. Powers of constitutional convention, 1, 7 n., 10 n. Submission to voters of proposed changes, 10 n. Injunctions against, 16 n. Assent of executive, 14* and note. Judicial power to decide validity of changes, 1, 17, 24 n. Revolutionary changes, 5 n., 6 n. 3, 7* ff., 19* ff. Amending federal Constitution, 24 n. MALICE, Prohibition of acts due to, 465, 469 and notes. MANDAMUS, Against executive officers, 110*, 112-113 n. Legislature, 114 n. MANUFACTURING AND FACTORIES, Confining 10-hour law for women to, 356-357 n. MARGINS, Sales of stock on, invalidated, 460. MARITIME JURISDICTION, See Interstate Commerce. MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE, Legislative divorce, 58, 434. Control of, in general, 434. Prohibition of marriage for physical and mental defects, 437. MARTIAL LAW, Power to proclaim, 104*-105 and note. . MECHANIC'S LIENS, Against sub-contractor, 512 n. MEDICINE, AND MEDICAL PRACTICE, See Physicians. MILITARY AND NAVAL POWER, See Federal Government. MILITIA DUTY, 532 n. .MILK AND MILK DEALERS, Regulation of, 334 n., 389. .MILL ACTS, 525. MINERAL WATERS, Conservation of, 376, 524 n. MINES AND MINING, Classification of coal, by number of employees, 348-349 n. Regulation of hours of labor In, 409. MINORS, See Children. MISCEGENATION, Prohibition of, 439 n. MONEY, See Federal Government INDEX l4.oi> MONOPOLY, Loti of in business dangerous to public health, 4r>0. 451a, Pro] see Police Power; Interstate Commerce. MORALS, PUBLIC, See Police Power; Obligations of Contracts. MORTGAGES, Loans on, exempted from usury laws, .".ti;; n. MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS, Protection afforded to, by federal Constitution, 2C1 n. Special legislation for, 329. See Special and Local Legislation. Eti gulation of hours of labor for, 422, 424 n. Liability of, for mob violence, 507. Application to, of contract clause of Constitution, S17 n. Citizenship of, in federal courts, 1343 n. NATURALIZATION, See Political Sights. Cancellation of certificate of, obtained by prior fraud, lvl n. NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS, Public right to improve, as against riparian rights, 720 and notes. State right to obstruct In federal waters, 1148 and notes. Federal control of, 1215-1216 n. Of United States, 1261-1263 and notes. NEGROES, See Race. NEWSPAPERS, Malicious combination of, 40.">. NEW TRIALS, Grant of, by legislature, 54, 57 n. NON-RESIDENTS, Regulations discriminating against, 360-367 n., 207* and note, 209, 212 n„ 380 n. NOTICE, Necessity of, for due process of law, see Procedure. NUISANCES, Classification of, with regard to municipal control, 400 n. Legislative power to restrict territorially, 398. OBLIGATIONS OF CONTRACTS, IMPAIRMENT OF, BY STATE LAWS 7SS-S77 and notes. Prohibition of federal Constitution, I Limitations upon United States, 788 n. To what kind of state acts applicable, 7S8 and notes. Jurisdiction of federal Supreme Court to enforce, on writ of error from state courts. 790*, 843 n. To determine existence and meaning of contract, 792»-70">. 705 u. State bankruptcy laws, Subsequent to contract, 795* and note. Prior to contract (between citizens of same state), 795-S00. (Between those of differenl states), 800*-805 and notes. Distributing debtor's property to those who will release debts, 805 n. What constitutes obligation of contract, 795, 797 n. Remedies upon, S05«-808, 809-810 n. Tax laws of Indebted municipalities, 805, soon. Judicial enforcement of, 800, 809 m 1440 INDEX OBLIGATIONS OF CONTRACTS, IMPAIRMENT OF, BY STATE LAWS— Continued, Permissible alterations of remedies, 809-810 n. Imprisonment for debt, SOT* and note, 856 n. Exemptions from execution, SOS* and note, S5G n. Suits against states, SlOn. Foreign remedies, S10 n. What are contracts, Executed grants or transactions, 811, S12 n. eements between states, 814 n. Judgments, 815 n. Various legal incidents affecting property rights, S15 n. Private corporate charters, S15, 825 n. Consideration for, 82S n. Municipal charters, 817 n. Marriages, S17 n. Inchoate rights of dower, S17 n. Public office-holding, S17 n. Exemptions from taxation, S25, S2S-S29 n. Grants of monopoly, 829 and notes. Surrender of power of rate regulation, S29 n. Power of eminent domain over irrepealable contracts, 829 n. Contracts with public, strict construction of. 830-843 and notes. Illustrations, 830, s::::-s?,4 n.. 858 and note. Alienability of, 836, 841-842 n. Contracts of Indians, 837 n. Consolidation of exempt corporations, 841* and note. Statutory restrictions upon, 812 and note. Repeal of corporate charter under reserved right, Effect of, on other corporate franchises, 814, S46, S51 n. On corporate property generally, S44. On property in street, 846* and n. On corporate obligations to state. S52 n. Legislative discretion under power to repeal or amend charters, 84C n., 851-852 n. Repeal of contract against discriminatory taxation, S52. Contracts of individuals, how far alterable by state, S54 and notes. Contracts of state, how far revocable. Affecting public morals. 857 and note. 860. Public health, 858, 863, S65. Public safety. 865, 869 and note, S71. Economic welfare. 865*, 869n., 874. 877 n. Various governmental powers, 861* and note, 876*-877, 1020. OFFICERS, Power to appoint, where lodged, 59, 64-65 n. OIL, See Pipe Lines. Conservation of, 521. OLEOMARGARINE, Prohibition of, 405. 408 n. In interstate commerce, 1202. 1204 n. OPIUM, Private smoking of, 413 n. OPTION CONTRACTS, Sale of commodities on, forbidden, 462 n. PARENTS, Right of, to control of child. 431, 433-435 n. How forfeited to state. 431, 433-135 n. PARTY WALLS AND FENCES, Compulsory, 532 n. INDEX 1441 PATENTS AND PATENTED ARTICLES, State control of. 1312 d. Application of federal anti-trust law to, I'JIOn. PAUPERS, Liability of near relatives to support. 512n. PAYMENT OF WAGES, Iflcatlon of employments for regulation of. 356 n. Regulation of. 41M and notes. For coal screened in mine, 4114. • ire orders, 125*. 427 n. Periodica] payments, 41' 7 u. 1'ETITION, RIGHT OF, See Political Rights. PHYSICIANS, Pi i ii. oral character required of, ISO, 1S3 n. Residential qualification for practice, -09. 212 n. Exemptions of certain classes of. from licensing act, 360 n. Edu'-atioual requirements for practice, 454, 456 n. Osteopaths, 466 n. PIPE LINES. Can private, for oil, be compelled to serve public? 4S5 n. PLUMBERS AND PLUMBINQ, Requirements for occupation of. 457 n. POLICE POWER (REQUIREMENTS OF DIE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAW). General scope of, 31S-328 and notes. Powers of states and of United States, 323-328 and notes. Exercise of. by taxation. 328 n. Legislative classification in exercise of, 329-379 and notes, equal Protection of Law. By municipal subdivisions of state, 329 and note. 349 n. Laundries (danger from fire), 332. Milk dealers (sanitation), 334 n. Stables in city (health), 334 n. Railways (payment of attorney fee), 334, 338, 341. Insurance companies (same), 340-341 n. Industrial corporations (store orders). 335*. Businesses requiring regulation (expense of regulation), 342, 344 n. Life convicts (punishment of), 344. Habitual criminals (same). 34." n. Tramps (same), 34." n. Stockyards (regulation of rates of large), 346. (oal mines (by number of employees). 348-349 n. Workmen's compensation act (same). 349 n. Cities (by population), 349 n. Railways (by length), 349 n. 9 (by average amount of deposits), 349 n. Farmers and stockralsers (ami trust law). 349. Various occupations (same). 356 n. (Wage payments), 356 n. (10-hour law for womeni. 356-357 n. Ball players (Sunday laws), ".."m n. Barbers (same), 35Sn. Workmen (deceit as to conditions of employment), 357 n. employment agencies (Same), Drummers (soliciting on trains), 356. Sales of stock on margins avoided, 358 n. Railroads (penalized tor - ling of. wi Is), 359. Sales of liquor at different places, Exemptions from medical licensing. Hall Const.L— 91 1442 INDEX POLICE POWER (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAW)— Continued. Protection of part of openings in new buildings, 360 n. Junk dealers (care in buying property). 360-361 n. Where not providing for exceptional cases, 361, 362 n. Recognition of degrees of evil, 362-^363 n. In workmen's compensation law, 363, 349 n. Discrimination against aliens, 364, 365 n. Non-residents, 366-367 n. Discrimination in favor of old soldiers, 366 n. Eased upon race, 367 and notes. Sex, 370, 372-373 n. Minuteness of classification required, 372. Railroads (abolition of fellow servant rule), 372. Special evils may be corrected, 355-356 n.. 378*-379. General principles, 334, 363, 376. Burden of proving classification bad, 377*. Administrative regulations, To secure efficient enforcement of law, 379, 3S0-3S1 n. Pure milk, 379. Sewer connections, 3S0 n. Game laws, 3S1 n. Prohibition law, 3S1 n. Harbor rules, 321. Weight of bread. 3S1 n. Presumptions of fact, 3S1, 3S3 n., 158. Administrative discretion, Abuse of, 3S3, 387 n. Possibility of abuse, 387 n. Extent of, permissible, 387, 3S9. 393 n. Validity of legislative object, 393-530 and notes. See Due Process of Law. Prohibition of sale and manufacture of liquor, 393, 398 n. State monopoly of, 39S n. Prohibition of sale of cigarettes, 39S n. Billiard rooms, 398 n. Operation of rendering plant, 398 n. Annoying businesses in residence districts, 398. Regulation of height of bill-boards, 400 and note. Street building lines, 402* and note. Creation of water power by riparian owner, 402 n. Tree cutting on private land, 403 n. Location of gas works, 404. Prohibition of sale or manufacture of oleomargarine, 405, 408 n. General scope of freedom of contract, 232 and notes. Making insurance contracts out of state, 232. Regulation of hours of labor, 409-424 and notes. In mines, 409. In bakeries, 414. On Sunday, 419 n. In public work, 422. 424 n„ 963 n. In general, 419 n. Regulation of private conduct injurious principally to doer, 413 n. Manufacture of tobacco in tenement houses. 421-422 n. Regulation of payment of wages, 424 and notes. Regulations to prevent deception, In sale of fruit, 427. Convict-made goods, 428-429 n. Bread. 426* and note. In weight and measures, 426*, 427 n. Parental control of state over children, 429—435 and notes. As against parents, 433^35 n. Regulation of matrimonial status, see Marriage and Dirorce. INIlEX 1443 POLICE] POWER (REQUIREMENTS OP HUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PR( p'n .1 i [ON OF LAW) Continued, Sterilization of criminals, 139 n. f prostitution, I K), Hi n. nlsory medical treal Of inebriates, 441. ( if diseased prostitutes, 1 1". a. Vaccination, 4-44. Common belief as d basis for legislation, 4(7*- n- Coinpelllng landowner to abate natural nuisance, 449 and Pre ervation of natural servitudes in land, 450n. nation of garbage, 4.10, 431 n. ,f monopoly In busini bs dangerous to public health, 4a0, 4oi n. Summary silling of disea -. i.">2, 454 n. Liability for, In case of mistake, 4.",::. 454 u. Compulsory disinfection of rags, l">-*. Requirements for practice of certain callings, Mi. limine 454, 456 n. Plumbing, horseshoeing, undertaking, bartering, 457 n, Regulation of banking ami insurance, 107 and notes. ilrement of corporate form fur, 457. Prohibition of speculative contracts, Sales of stock on margin, 4G0. Commodity options, 462 n. . Restriction of alienation of property, Stork in trade in bulk, Assignment of wages, 102 n. 102 n. Restriction upon binds "f business of department stores. 402. Of insurance and really brokers, 464a Of saloons. 464 n. Ose of trading stamps, 464 n. Requirement of consent of local voters to establishment of private school. 464 n. Prohibition of use of flag for advertisement, 404 n. Prohibition of combinations, 465, 467, W8n. By stock ownership, 168n. Prohibition of railroad to carry commodities produced by It. 40S n. Prohibition of malicious use of property, 169 and notes. i if unauthorized use of photograph as advertisement, 4i0n. Prohibition of contracts for exclusive dealings. 470. i ir price discrimini !' ods, 473 n. In purchases, 473 n. Prohibition of discharge Of employee for membership in union. 4i.i. Requirement of union labor on public buildings. 177 and note. Regulation of business affected by a public interest, 4,'.). lS5n. ~ Kinds of business ■ id. forbidding discrimination. 485 u. Mandatory regulation. 4 s.", n. See Rate Regulation. Imposition of liability without fault, 504-521 and notes. Punitive damages for blameless illegality, 50' Criminal liability for same, 506 -"07 n. Remote consequences, 507 508n. Oompulson co-insurance of business risks, l'.auk deposits, "ill'.). Workmen's compensation. .">17-520n. Elective co-insurance. "'12, ,"il7 n. Individual liability (workmen's compensation), 517 n.. oiOn. I Various cases). ."12 n. Public liability (mob violence), 507. acting out of liability forbidden, 518. 1 ,, ription of crime Indefinite, 5os u. 1444 INDEX POLICE POWER (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAW)— Continued, Excessive fines or damages, 508 n. Abridgment of remedies for tort, 516*, 516-517 n. Statutory liabilities of insurance companies, 521 n. Compulsory conservation of property, Oil and gas, 521, 1193 n. Water, 521 n. Game and oysters, 524 n. Small trees on wild land, 525 n. Mineral waters, 376. Regulation of conflicting common interests, Mill acts, 525, 678, 683 n. Common ownerships, 526*-527, 520 n. Alteration of expectant interests, S86 n. Trust investments, 520-527 n. Compulsory common drainage of tracts of land, 530-532 n. Party walls and fences, 532 n. Miscellaneous property servitudes and personal obligations, 532 n. (Militia, jury, witness, and highway labor duties; sidewalks; levees). Regulation incidental to power of prohibition, 531-535 and notes. Of corporations, by amendment of charter, 531, 534 n. Of acts or property generally, 535 n. POLITICAL PARTIES, Judicial control of, 108-109 n. POLITICAL QUESTIONS, What are, 101 and notes, 106 and notes, 1012 n. Decision of, by political departments of government, binds courts, 101 and notes, 106 and notes, 1012 n. POLITICAL RIGHTS, 128-150. Of individual, judicial enforcement of, 108 n. Federal citizenship, 12S and notes. Before 14th amendment, 129*-130, and note 2. Of free negroes before 14th amendment, 133* and note. Of tribal Indians, 134*. Of civilized Pueblo Indians, 978 n. Of natives of Spanish cessions, 140 n. Of corporations. 140 n. Exceptions by rules of public law, 129*-130, 133*-134, 135*-137. Riijlit of expatriation, 139*-140 and note. State citizenship, 133 n.. 219*-220. Naturalization, 137*-139 and notes. Who may be naturalized, 139* and note. Suffrage under federal Constitution, 140, 143, 145-147 n. Federal power to regulate and protect suffrage in states, 145, 149-150 n. Reduction of state representation for abridgment of suffrage, 149 n. Effect of direct primaries for federal senators, 150 n. Free speech and press, 150. Right of assemblage and petition, 150. Right to keep and bear arms, 150. POST-OFFICE AND POSTAL POWERS, See Federal Government. PREAMBLE TO UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION, Effect of, 93Sn. PREFERENCES BETWEEN STATE PORTS, United States forbidden to give, by regulations of commerce or revenue, 1038 n. PRESUMPTIONS, Of fact, power to create, 381, 3S3 n„ 158. PRIVATE CONDUCT, Regulation of, 413 n. INDEX 1445 PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF CITIZENS, Of tlio states, In other states, 107-212 and notes. In general, 19S*. Rights in common property of state, 197, 200 n. Bights of corporations, 200, 209*. Rights of partnership, 201 n. Residents as citizens, 202*-203. Discrimination by individuals, 201 n. Right to a«-t as trustee. 204 n. Against discriminatory licensing, 204.* Taxation. 205 n. As to procedural discrimination, 207* and note. As to iliscri Liiin:i I ion based on domiell. 207 n., 209, 212 n. As to political discrimination, 207* and note. In insolvency proceedings, 202, 20S* and note. Discrimination against deceased citizens, 209 n. As to qualifications for medical practice, 209, 212 n. For liquor licenses, 212 n. For bankers, 212 n. Of the United States, 219*-223, 225. 228 n. PROCEDURE (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PRO- TECTION OP LAW), Historical requirements, 262, 280, 290. • Rational requirements, 270-293 and notes. Jurisdiction. 2S3* and note, 284-285 n. Tn taxation. 535-573 and notes. Notice, 2S3* and note. 285 n. Tn taxation. 277*-279 and notes. Hearing. 283* and note, 2S5-2.«(i n., 293-313 and notes. In taxation. 275 and notes. Conduct of tribunal, 292*. 293 n. Correctness of decision, 291, 293-294 n., 303*. Changes in, 270, 275 n., 4O9*-410. Against governmental revenue collectors, 262. For delinquent taxes, 270 n„ 279-2S0 n. In assessment of taxes. 27." and notes, 637*-688. Grand jury, 270. Trial jury, 275 n. Self-incrimination. 2S0. Protection to persons accused of crime, 270, 280, 275 n., 283 n., 2S0 n. Administrative tribunals, determinations of, 285-292, 298-313. Questions of fact-, 28S n., 285, 291. Of law, 2NS-289n. Of jurisdiction, 289 11. Erroneous decisions, 202-293 n. Fraudulent decisions, 293 n. Legislative decisions, 300, 305, 309 n., 309. Summary destruction of nuisances, 293 and notes. 452. 454 u. Exclusion of aliens and Imports, 298, 300 n. Pecuniary penalties. 288. Necessity for judicial hearing. In taxation. 'JTo and D In deportation or exclusion of aliens, 298, 300 n. In governmental destruction of property, 296* and note. In rate regulation. 800, 809. Effect of burdensome conditions on hearing, 304-305 n. In legislative action, 302*-3, 305, 309 n., 309. In executive action, 309 n. Necessity for separation of powers. 313 n. Equal protection at laws, 814, 317 :'.i0n. Constitution of Juries, 314 and notes. 1446 INDEX PROCEDURE (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PRO- TECTION OF LAW)— Continued, Political rights generally, 317-31S n. Basis of classification for procedural differences, 3is-:;i:. n. In exercising parental control of state over children, 431. In divesting control of natural parent, 433-435 n. In compelling medical treatment, 442* and note, 44S*. PROSTITUTES AND PROSTITUTION, Medical examination and treatment of diseased, 373 n., 443 n. Association with, 413 n. Regulation of, 440, 441 n. Restriction of houses of ill-fame to certain localities, 440. Federal control of alien, 9S2, 98 1 n, In interstate commerce, 1234-1235 n. PROTECTION TO PERSONS ACCUSED OF CRIME. 104-19(5 and notes, 2S3 n., 286 n. See Ex Post Facto Laws; Bills of Attainder; Self-Crimination: Search es and Seizures ; Jury Trial ; Punishment; Criminal Procedure; Pro cedure. PROTECTIVE AND REGULATIVE POWER, See Police Power. PUBLIC UTILITIES, See Police Power, and Rate Regulation. What are, 479, 4S5n. PUNISHMENT, CRUEL AND UNUSUAL, 198n. Sterilization of criminals by vasectomy, 439 n. QUARANTINE, 1152 and notes. RACE, Classification according to, 367 and notes. Exclusion from juries on account of. 314 and notes. As a qualification for suffrage, 145-147 n. Separation of races in interstate commerce, 1163, 1166 n. RAGS, Compulsory disinfection of, 452*. RAILROADS, See Rate Regulation: Police Power; Interstate Commerce. Compelling, to pay attorney fee when defeated in suit, 334, 338, 341. Classification of, by length, 349 n. Penalized for sowing weeds, 359. Compelling, to pay expense of their regulation by state. 342. Single road forbidden to use locomotives in street. 35S n. Abolition of fellow-servant rule on. 372, 51S. Reasonable pooling by, forbidden, 46S n. Prohibition of carriage of own commodities by, 468 n. Formation of corporation to own stock in competing. 468 n. Liable for default of connecting carrier, 512 n. Forbidden to contract out of statutory liability to employees, 518. RATE REGULATION, Power of, by courts, see Judicial Power, what constitutes. By commissions and boards, 300. 309 n., 309. 313 n., 497 n. By tribunals with mixed powers, 86, 95-96 n., 309, 313 n. To what businesses applicable, 479, 485 n. Limits of (railroads), 4S6. Basis of, 4S9. Valuation and rate of return, 492-503 and notes. Elements of capitalization. 492. 493 n., 49S n„ 499. Apportionment of value between state and interstate business (rail- roads). 499, 502 n. For non-governmental service, 491 n. INDEX 1417 BATE REGULATION— Continued, og doubtful schedules, 197*-498, IBS n. Hon of whole schedv icular rates or services, 498 n. Qdlng turnpll on repair of road, 490 u. In interstate commerce, 1166 1179 and notes. REGULATIVE POWER. See Polite Power. RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, 163 n. RENDERING PLANT, As a auisj nee, 398 n. RENDITION, Of Interstate fugitives from Justice, 1278 n. Berrice ami labor, 1278 u. REPUBLICAN FORM OP GOVERNMENT, Whal is, a political question, 101 and note. RBTROAGTIVB CIVIL LAWS, Avoided, where possible, by construction, 878* and note. cal power to enact, S78, 879 n., 881 n., 913*. Validating marriages, s?v. Illegal contracts, 883 n., 884 n. Abrogating forfeitures and penalties, fences, 881 n., 883*, 913*. Reviving claims barred by statute of limitations, 882-886 and nob Changing tenure of property, 886-887 n. ■ ■'■taut Interests, 887" n. .Marital interests, ,Ss? n. Validating defective conveyances, SSS* and note. Against intervening attachment or judgment lien, 887 and notes. Against purchasers for value. 891 a Where no power exists to convey, 891. In probate proceedings, 892, 894 n. In mortgage foreclosure, 894 n. In execution sale, S9 ! n. Validating wills. 889 n. Validating Judgments, 893 n. Ratifying act of governmental agent, otherwise a tort. 894, 896 n. Abrogating claim for injury to property, based on prior statutory consent of government, *96 n. Contractual exemption from federal taxation, S96-S97n. Action for 11 rial injury, ^97 n. Affecting pending suits. 897 n. Avoiding final Judgments, v,.i? B98n. Validating void tax proceeding. Bi tore sale. 898 and note, 901*. After sale, 900, 902-901 n. Curative acts in general, 902-90.", n.. 906 n. Giving conclusive or presumptive erred to tax deeds, as to regularity of prior proceedings, 904 and notes. Changing burden of proof. 905 n. Barring Incurable defects by short statutes of limitation, 909* and note. "Petterment laws," 907 n. Changing rules of evidence. 914-915 n. Changing execution exemptions, 915 n. Express constitutional prohibitions of, 909 n. Effect of, 906 91 I and notes. Application to changes in remedies and procedure. 910. 914-915 n. SAFETY, PUBLIC, See Police Power; Obligations of Contracts. 1448 INDEX SALOONS. See Intoxicating Liquors. Onerous conditions upon, 535 n. SEARCHES AND SEIZURES, Prohibition of unreasonable, 1SS* ff., 193 n. Application to corporations, 190* ff. SECTARIAN INSTITUTIONS, Prohibition of state aid to, 585 n. SELF-CRIMINATION, Scope of constitutional prohibition against, 184 and notes. Extent of immunity necessary to compel incriminating testimony, 185*- 187. Rights of corporations and corporate officers in regard to, 187* ff., 193 n. From records of dissolved corporation, 193 n. From public records generally, 193 n. Right against, how far a privilege of federal citizenship, 228 n. How far a part of due process of law, 2S0. SEPARATION OF POWERS OF GOVERNMENT, 54-114. How far required of states by United States Constitution, 95-Ofi n., 290 n. By state Constitutions, 5-1-70, 70-100. 104-5 n., 106 n.. 108-8 n., 112- 113 n., 113, 114 n. How far required of United States. 39. 70. 94*-95. 101-112. SEWERS, Regulations to compel connections with, 380 n. SEX, Classification according to, 370, 372-373 n. SHARES OF STOCK, Sale of, on margin, invalidated, 358 n., 400. SITUS FOR TAXATION, See Taxation, jurisdiction. SLAUGHTER HOUSES, Monopoly of, 451 n. SLAVERY, See Liberty of Person. SOVEREIGNTY, See Immunity of Sovereign from Private Suit. Existence of, a political question, 1012 n. SPANISH CESSIONS, See Territories and Dependencies. SPECIAL AND LOCAL LEGISLATION, Scope of constitutional prohibitions against, 122 n., 332 n., 349 n. STABLES, Regulation of, in city, 334 n. STATES, See Federal Government; Intergovernmental Relations; Federal Courts; Immunity of Sovereign from Private Suit; Obligations of Contracts. Admission to Union of new, 1020. Imposition of conditions upon, 1020. Contracts limiting powers of, 1020, 1024 n. STATUTES, See Legislative Acts. STERILIZATION. Of criminals by vasectomy, 439 n. STOCK, CORPORATE, See Shares of Stock. INDEX lH'J STOCK-IN-BULK SALES, Problblted, 883n., Win. STOCK RAISERS. Exemption from anti-trust law, 349. STOCKYARDS, Regulation of rates of large, only, 348. In general, 485 n STREETS, Rights of abutters Id, see Eminent Domain. SUCCESSIONS AT DEATH, Taxation of. Jurisdiction, 505 and notes. Classification, G29, 635, 637n. See Federal Taxation. SUFFRAGE, See Political Rights. SUNDAY LAWS. Exemption of ball players from, 357 n. Application lo barbers, 35S n. Forbidding transportation of freight on Sunday. 1187 n. TAXATION (IN GENERAL), Power of assessment and levy, where lodged, 60* and note. Procedural due process in. see Procedure. For regulative purposes, 328 n. Legislative authority necessary for, C07 n. Prescribed method of assessment and collection necessary, 607 n. Control of local taxation. 640 n. By United States, see Federal Taxation. By states and United States, affecting functions of each other, see Inter- governmental Relations. Of interstate commerce, see Interstate Commerce. TAXATION (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PRO- TECTION OF LAW). See Taxation (In General) ; Procedure. Jurisdiction, 535-573 and notes. See Due Process of Law. Of tangible personalty, 535, 560 n. Where migratory (cars), 541, 543 n. (ships), 543-544 n. (other property), 566 n. Of realty. 537*-639. Of intangible personalty, 544 and notes. 566 n. Of incomes, 538 n. Of corporate assets, under the "unit rule." 551 and notes. Of franchises, 539*, 557 n. Of shares of stock, 559, 560, 502 n. Mode of collection at source, 560 n. Of credits under probate administration, 562. Meld in trust. 565 n. - Of succession at death of owner. 565, 569 n. Of making of contracts, 569, 570-571 n. To impose personal obligation to pay tax on property, 571, 573 n. Public purpose, 573-005 and notes. Loans to rebuild burned city. 578. Miscellaneous purposes, 581-582 q. Loans to encourage new business enterprises, 582, 585 n. Subscription to theatre, 585 n. Tax exemptions to private businesses. 585 n. To church property, 585 n. 1450 INDEX TAXATION (REQUIREMENTS OF DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL PROTEC- TION OF LAW)— Continued, Bounties, 5S7*. Aid to construct privately owned railroads, 5f>5, osS and notes. Grist mill, 590 n. Construction of works to irrigate private lands, 595. Buying, renting, and selling land to provide homes for wage-earners, .601. Engaging In competitive business, and in "public utilities," 602*, 604 n. Discharging moral obligations. 601-605 n. Miscellaneous purposes, 601 n. Classification. 605-659 and notes. See Equal Protection of Law. In general, 610 n. Tax on stock transfers, 605, 611. Special mode of valuation of railway property, 611 n. Constitutional provisions for uniformity, 611 n.. 649 n. Sales of convict-made goods, 614 n. Property of each race taxed for its own schools, 614 n. Tax on sugar refiners, exempting those who refine their own prod- uct. 614. Hand laundries operated by men, 617 n. Corporate franchises and corporations, 618, 619, 622-624 n. Miscellaneous classifications. 617 n. Discrimination against foreign corporations, 623. Successions at death, 629, 635, 637 n. Progressive taxation. 634 n. According to population of place, amount of business there, price of admission, corporate income, etc., 634-635 n. Taxation uniform over municipal subdivision of state. 637 and notes. Non-contiguous territory, 640 n. Special taxing districts for limited purposes, 640. CHn.. 652 n. Benefits to property outside, 645-646 n. Special assessments, 640-657 and notes. Retroactive levy of, to correct errors, 640, 644 n., 655. General theory of, 646. Accidental subjection to, 646 n. Limited to special benefits. 649, 654-657 n. Sidewalks and street cleaning, 657 n. Personal labor on highways, 657 n. Retroactive taxation in general. 658 n. Cure of irregularities, 65S-659n. Confiscatory taxation, 659 n„ 962*-963. TELEGRAPHING AND TELEGRAPH COMPANIES (Including TELE- PHONES), Classification of, to forbid limitation of liability, 356 n. Rate regulation, 485 n. TELEPHONING AND TELEPHONE COMPANIES, See Telegraphing and Telegraph Companies. TENEMENT HOUSES, Manufacture of tobacco in, 421 n. General regulation of, 422 n. TERRITORIES AND DEPENDENCIES, Application of Constitution outside of federal territory, 985, 987 n., 1011, 9Sln. To Indian tribal governments, 987 n. Power to annex territory, 999*-1002. Status of territory annexed by troaty, OSS. When "incorporation" into United States takes place, 1000*-1010, 1015. Permanence of, 990*, 1004*, 1019*. INDEX 1451 TERRITORIES ANT' DEPENDENCIES— Continued, What provisions of Constitution applicable to "unincorporated" ter- ritory. Revenue clause, o^v dura! clauses, 894*, 101& Guam 'Tits 994*, 998*, 1018*. < lltizenship, 993" 994; l 10 n. What territory Included in "( nited States," 988* 993, 1005*-1012. Stains of particular acquisttioi e of territory. Northwest territory, 1005*. -us by North Carolina and Georgia, 100G*. Louisiana, 1006*-1009. Florida, 1009*. Mexii an cession, 1009.* Alaska, 1009*, 1015. Hawaii. 1000*. 1013*-1014, 101S*-1019. 1010*. 1013, 1019 u. Canal Zone, 1019 n. Forms of federal territorial governments, P00* and n.. 122 n„ 124 n. Source of federal power to govern territories. 996 -007. To ad in Japan and Cuba, 985, mil*. Applicability of federal revenue laws to territory under various circum- stances, 1012 n. Sovereignty over anj territory a political question, 1012a TOP.At !< ( ). See Cigarettes, Manufacture of, In tenement bouses. -121 n. Contracts for exclusive dealings in. 47u. T< IRTS Abridgement of remedies for, .To*, 516-517 n. TRADING STAMPS, Legislation against, HHn. TRAMPS, Punishment of, B45 n. TREATIES, See Foreign Relations. TREES, Regulation of cutting of, on wild land and highways, 403 n., 625 n. TURNPIKE ROADS. Suspension of tolls for non-repair, 490 n. Regulation of rates, 490*. UNCONSTITUTIONALITY, See Legislative Acts. UNDERTAKING, Requirements for occupation of, 457 n. UNITED STATES, See Federal Government; Immunity of Sovereign from Private Suit. "UNIT RULE" OF TAXATION, See Taxation, Jurisdiction. USURY laws. Banks and mortgages exempted from, 3G3 n. VACCINATION, Compulsory, 444. Common belief in. as basis for legislation, 447*-148. VASECTOMY, Operation to sterilize criminals, 439 n 1452 INDEX VETERAN SOLDIERS, Discrimination in favor of, under civil service rules, 366 n. WAGES, See Payment of Wages. Regulation of assignment of, 462 n. WAIVER OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS, Validity of, in general, 196-197 n. Of criminal jury, 196 n. WAR, See Federal Government WATERS, See Eminent Domain ; Navigation. Public rights in, 726-740 n. WATER SUPPLY AND WATER COMPANIES, Rate regulation, 485 n., 489. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES, Regulation of, 426*, 427 n. By federal government, 936-937 n. WELFARE, PUBLIC, See Police Power. WHITE SLAVE ACT, See Interstate Commerce. WINE ROOMS, See Intoxicating Liquors. WITNESSES, Testimony compellable, free, 532 n. WOMEN, Discriminatory legislation, see Sex. See Hours of Labor. WORKMEN, Deception of, as to conditions of work, penalized, 357 n. WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION ACTS, Classification of industries for, by number of employees, 349 n. Of employers, accordingly as they accept act or not, 363. Validity of. Individual liability, 517 n., 520 n. Compulsory co-insurance, 517-520 r Elective, 512, 517 n. VIST PUBLI8UIMG CO., PBINTEBt, IT. PAUL, KIHK LAW UBRARY UNTVEPSiTY OF CATIfQMM D 000 315 339 2 SSscbSsES. 