None
quoted. 638, 639 Chudowsky. quoted : skull fractures. 121 clavicle, 264 humerus, 292 radius and ulna, 355 ribs, 256 scapula, 278 sternum, fractures. 251 failure of union following fractures of humerus, Bruns. quoted. 319 Immelmann, quoted ; clavicle frac- tures. 264 humerus. 292 scapula. 278 radius and ulna. 355 of British Medical Association, frac- ture committee, results of oper- ative and non-operative treatment, S3 on fractures of clavicle, Barden- heuer. quoted, 264 on fractures of mandible, Bleich- steiner. quoted. 189 on fractures of the vertebra*, Berg- hausen, quoted, 214 on open fractures, showing peril id of disability. 56 T2I Plagemann, quoted ; skull fractures, INDEX 675 Statistics, Plagemann quoted, calcaneum, 607 carpal bones, 418 clavicle, 264 femur, 462, 494 humerus, 292 metacarpal bones, 422 metatarsals, 622 patella, 525 pelvis, 436 phalanges of hand, 431 radius, lower end, 386 radius and ulna, 355, 356 radius, 376 radius, shaft, 383 ribs, 256 scapula, 278 shaft, SSS sternum, 251 tarsal bones, 601 tibia and fibula, upper end, 542 tibia shaft, isolated, 572 tibia and fibula, lower end, supra- malleolar, 575 ulna, 364 showing liability of individual bones to fracture, 1 sesamoid (small) bones, Fawcett, quoted, 633 Geist, quoted, 633 Pfitzner, quoted, 634 Bruns, quoted, skull fractures, 121 clavicle, 264 humerus, 292 radius and ulna, 355 ribs, 256 scapula, 278 sternum fractures, 251 Steinmann's method of nail extension, 76 modifications of method, 76 value of method, 76 disadvantages of method, 77 technic of applications, 77 Sternum, 252 anatomy, 251 complications, 253 diagnosis, 253 etiology, 251 prognosis, 253 statistics, 251 surface markings, 251 symptoms, 252 treatment, 254 varieties, 252 Stierlein, quoted ; hypoglossal nerve in- jury in basal fractures, 144 Stimson, quoted ; statistics on fractures of cartilages of larynx and trachea, 209 Symptomatology, general, 17 constitutional, 21 objective, 18 subjective, 20 Tarsal bones, 599 anatomy, 599 statistics, 601 Tarsal bones, surface markings, 600 astragalus, 601 etiology, 601 prognosis, 602 results, 605 symptoms, 602 treatment, 602 varieties, 601 calcaneum, 605 etiology, 605 prognosis, 614 statistics, 607 symptoms, 609 treatment, 615 non-operative, 615 operative, 615 varieties, 605 scaphoid, 616 etiology, 616 prognosis, 621 symptoms, 618 treatment, 621 Temperature changes in head injuries, 148 Tendon of quadriceps extensor, rupture of, 537 etiology, 537 prognosis, 538 symptoms, 537 treatment, 539 Thrombosis and embolism, in fractures, 35 Thomas, T. A., 114 Treatment, operative, conclusions of American Surgical Association, quoted, 114, 115 contraindications to, 87 importance of external splinting, 109 indications that call for, 88 of closed fractures. 85 time of operation. 89 in recent closed fractures. 89 in fractures impossible of reten- tion, 89 in non-union, deficient union, or faulty union, 90 technic of operation in closed frac- tures, 91 repair without internal fixation, 93 repair with internal fixation, 93 Trophic and vasomotor disturbances in vertebral fractures, 236 Union, delayed, 26 vicious, 27 non-, 27 Uterine fractures, 10 Varieties of fractures, n in relation to condition of surround- ing soft parts, 11 in relation to degree, ir in relation to direction and character of lines of fracture, 12 in relation to epiphyseal lines, 15 in relation to neighboring joints, 14 in relation to number of fragments, 15 in relation to position of the frac- ture, 14 Velpeau dressing for fractures of clavi- cle, 275 Venesection, in fractures of skull, 160 Vertebrae, 212 anatomy, 212 diagnosis, 243 etiology, 215 prognosis, 244 statistics, 214, 244 surface markings, 214 INDEX 677 Vertebrae, symptoms, those associated with the fracture, 225 those due to injury to spinal cord and nerve roots, 227 posture in bed, 227 paralysis, motor, 228 paralysis, sensory, 230 reflex disturbances, 233 trophic and vasomotor disturb- ances, 236 lesions of various segments, 238 hemorrhage in dura and spinal cord, 242 treatment, non-operative, 246 in absence of injury to spinal cord, 246 in presence of injury to spinal cord, 246 care of bladder and rectum, 247 operative, 247 indications, contraindications, 247 lammectomy, technic, 248 postoperative, 250 varieties, 216 Vertebrae, fractures, disturbances of re- flexes governing bladder and rec- tum, 235 mortality in fractures of, Oliver, J. 