A series of picturesque views of seats of the noblemen and gentlemen of Great Britain and Ireland. With descriptive and historical letterpress
Morris, F. O. (Francis Orpen), 1810-1893
IV. D IK- ^S- ^K>0^ ;^-??l^^^ l?i^ \i rigi!'igl ^1 %=^^ • ,v<: - _ 5 ^ ::^ aif II HEATON PARK, NEAR PEESTWICH, LANCASHIRE. — EARL OF WILTON. Heaton Park is situated about four miles from Manchester, and is a handsome stone structure, built under the superintendence of Wyatt, with columns of the Ionic order and a circular projection in the centre, surmounted by a spacious dome. On a rising ground at some distance is a round temple, from which very extensive views are obtained over the four adjoining counties of York, Derby, Chester, and Stafford. The park, which is well wooded and extensive, being about five miles in circumference, is approached by a drive, at the entrance to which is a handsome lodge of the Doric order of architecture. Adam de Heton was the earliest recorded dweller at this place, as mentioned in the "Testa de Nevill." This was in the reign of Henry the Third. Later on, the estate came into possession of a family of the name of Langley, from which again it passed, by the marriage of Margaret, daughter and coheiress of Sir Robert Langley, to Richard Holland, Esq., of Denton. The descendant of this alliance, Edward Holland, Esq., of Heaton and Denton, left at his decease a sister and sole heiress, Elizabeth, who married Sir John Egerton, Bart., of Oulton Park, whose great grandson. Sir Thomas Grey Egerton, Bart., was created Baron Grey db Wilton in 1784. His daughter and eventual heiress, Eleanor Egerton, married in April, 1794, Robert, Viscount Grosvenor, of the family of the Marquis of Westminster, whose second son, The Hon. Thomas Grosvenor, inherited by special remainder, at the death of his father in ]814, when the Barony expired, the Eai-ldom and Viscountcy of Grey de Wilton, while the Baronetcy passed in due course to the Egerton family. The family of Grosvenor is of French extraction, as already stated in a previous volume of this work. Sir Richard Grosvenor, Knight, was created a Baronet February 23rd., 1621-2. 22 HEATON PARK. The seventli successor of the title after him was elevated to the peerage, April the 8th., 1761, as Baron Grosvenor, of Eaton, in the County Palatine of Chester, and further advanced to the dignities of Viscount Belgrave and Earl Grosvenor July 5th,, 1784. He was great grandfather of the first Duke of Westminster. DRUMLANRIG CASTLE, DUMPEIESSHIEE, SCOTLAND. — DUKE OP BUCCLEUCH. This magnificent seat of the Duke of Buccleuch is situated in tlie parish of Duris- deer, on a knoll of rising ground on the right bank of the river Nith, and for several miles forms an attractive feature in the rich and varied landscape of the picturesque vale through which that river flows. The Castle is a hollow square, four stories high, surmounted with turrets at the angles. From the inner court staircases ascend at the angles in semicircular towers. On the architraves of the windows and doors is a profuse adornment of hearts and stars, the arms of the Douglases. The main front is towards the north, but the building has also a noble appearance to the east, combining on each side the aspects of strength and beauty. The archi- tecture is of a Gothic character. This huge castle occupied ten years in building, and was completed in 1689, the year after the Revolution. William, first Duke of Queensberry, planned and completed it, expending upon it enormous sums of money. A defaced portrait of William the Third is still a memorial of this building having been occupied by the Highlanders during their march in 1745. Drumlanrig was the principal residence of the family of Queensberry; but on the death of Charles, the third Duke, in 1777, leaving no male issue, it passed, along with the titles attaching to the Queensberry family, to William, Earl of March, and upon the death of the latter, in 1810, it went by entail to the Duke of Buccleuch. For a considerable period the castle was unoccupied, greatly neglected, and defaced; but the succeeding proprietor, adopting it as his residence on attaining his majority in 1827, immediately commenced restoring the house and beautifying the grounds around it. Pennant writes: — '^ The beauties of Drumlanrig are not confined to the highest part of the grounds; the walks, for a very considerable way by the sides of the Nith, abound with most picturesque and various scenery. Below the bridge the sides are prettily wooded, but not remarkably lofty; above, the views become wildly magnificent. The river runs through a deep and rocky channel, bounded by vast wooded cliffs, which rise suddenly from its margin; and the prospect down from the summit is of a terrific depth, increased by the rolling of the black waters beneath. Two views are particularly fine: one of quick repeated but extensive meanders amidst broken sharp- pointed rocks, which often divide the river into several channels, interrupted by short 24 DRUMLANKIG CASTLE. and foaming rapids coloured witli a moory tint; the otlier is of a long strait, narrowed by the sides, precipitous and wooded, approaching each other equidistant, horrible from the blackness and fury of the river, and the fiery red and black colours of the rocks, that have all the appearance of having sustained a change by the rage of another element/' The noble family of the Duke of Buccleuch descends in the male line from Thomas Cornwallis, of London, living in 1378, ancestor of the Lords of that name, one of whom, namely, Charles Cornwallis, third Lord Cornwallis, married Anne, Duchess of Buccleuch, widow of the second Earl and second Duke, and was ancestor of the present ducal family of the name. The following titles have at one time or other been acquired or inherited by members of this great house: — Duke of Buccleuch. Duke of Queensberry. Earl of Drumlanrig. Earl of Buccleuch. Earl of Sanquhar. Earl of Dalkeith. Earl of Doncaster. Yiscount Nith. Viscount Thortholwald. Viscount Ross. Baron Douglas of Kinmount. Baron Middlebie. Baron Dornock. Baron Scott of Whitchester. Baron Eskdale. Baron Montagu. Baron Tynedale, CAENANTON, NEAR ST. COLOMB, CORNWALL. WILLYAMS. Carnanton House is romantically situated among beautiful woods at the head of the far-famed valley of Lauherne, and is about two miles from the rocky and iron- bound coast of North Cornwall. The family of Willyams, or as it was formerly spelt, Wyllyams, came into the county about the year 1485, the parent stock being in Dorsetshire. Thomas Will yams, who was born in 1524, was Speaker of the House of Commons in 1562. In the parish church there is now standing a monument to his memory, bearing a complimentary, but quaint inscription. John Will yams, of Roseworthy, who was born in 1660, married the youugest daughter and co-heiress of Colonel Humphrey Noye, of Carnanton, only son of William Noye, Attorney-General to Charles the First, "of blessed memory," as his monument in Mawgan Church imports, and by whom the Carnanton estates came into the family. Mr. Willyams, conspicuous for his active and zealous adherence to the Stuarts, suffered much persecution for his attachment to that unfortunate house. He was deprived of his Commission of the Peace during the reign of William and Mary, but restored soon after the accession of Queen Anne. A good picture of James the Second, now at Carnanton, was found secreted in the roof of the old mansion. Thomas Willyams, born in 1505, left, by Jane his wife, with two other sons, his heir, William Willyams, of Roseworthy, (by gift of Sir John Arundel, of Lauherne,) who married four times. He died June 12th., 1623, and was succeeded by his son, by his third wife, Alice Honeychurch, William Willyams, Esq., born November 27th., 1598. He married, June 26th., 1620, Jane, daughter and heiress of Michael Vyvyan, Esq., of Phillack, and by her had, with other issue, a son, Humphrey Willyams, Esq., born in October, 1629, who married, August, 1658, Dorothy, sister and eventual heiress of Thomas Addington, Esq., of Leigh, Devon- , shire, and had, besides other children, John Willyams, Esq., of Roseworthy, J. P., born September, 1660. He married. 26 * CARNANTON. first, in 1685, Bridgeman, youngest daughter and co-heiress of Colonel Humphrey Noye, of Carnanton, Attorney-General to King Charles the First, but by her had no issue. He married, secondly, Dorothy, daughter and heiress of Peter Day, Esq., of Resuggan, and had John Willyams, Esq., of Roseworthy and Carnanton, born in March, 1701, who married, in 1723, Anne, daughter and heiress of John Oliver, Esq., and had James Willyams, Esq., born March 8th., 1780, married Anne, daughter of William Jane, Esq. The eldest son and heir, James Willyams, Esq., of Truro, J.P. and D.L., born September 30th., 1741, who married, in 1770, Anne, only daughter of William Champion, Esq., of Wormley, Gloucestershire, and on the death of his relative, the above-named John Oliver Willyams, succeeded to the Roseworthy and Carnanton estates. He died the 10th. of Februai-y, 1828, and was followed by his son, Humphrey Willyams, Esq., of Roseworthy and Carnanton, J.P., D.L., High Sheriff of Cornwall, 1859-60, and M.P. for Truro from 1848 to 1852, born April 20th., 1792. He married, January 14th., 1822, Ellen Frances, youngest daughter of William Brydges Neynoe, Esq., of Castle JSTeynoe, in the county of Sligo, and had, with other children, an elder surviving son, Edward Brydges Willyams, of Carnanton, J.P., D.L., and Deputy- Warden of the Stannaries, born 5th. November, 1835, married, 1856, Jane, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Trevor Wheler, Baronet, of Leamington Hastings, Warwickshire, M.P. for Truro from 1857 to 1860, and for East Cornwall from 1868 to 1874, when he retired. DROMOLAND, NEAR NEWMARKET-ON-FEEGUS, COUNTY CLARE, IRELAND. — LORD INCHIQUIN. Dromoland Castle is situated about two miles from the ArdsoUus Station, on the Limerick and Ennis Railway. It is a modern castellated building of chiseled grey limestone, and stands, over- looking a lake, in the middle of a prettily wooded park of over fifteen hundred acres. It is built on the site of an older house of Grecian architecture, which had in its time replaced a more ancient castle. It was begun about 1825, and finished ten years later, by Sir Edward O'Brien, the fourth Baronet, Mr. J. Payne (a pupil of Nash's) being the architect. From hills inside the demesne there are extensive views over the Valley of the Shannon and Fergus, the Old Race-course Stand forming a conspicuous landmark in the navigation of the latter river. The castle contains some interesting relics of ancient times, as well as a good collection of family portraits, and a large library. Among the pictures may be mentioned a life-sized equestrian portrait in the hall of Donough Carbraic O'Brien, descendant of Brien Borohme, King of Ireland, and ancestor of the O'Brien family: there is an inscription in the corner of the picture, — "Donatus O'Bi'ien, quondam Hibernorum Rex, A.D. 1250." Also a full- length portrait of Queen Anne, by Sir Godfrey Kneller, given by her to Sir Donough O'Brien, first Baronet, whose eldest son married Catherine Keightley, daughter of Lady Frances Keightley, daughter of the first Lord Clarendon, and aunt to Queen Mary and Queen Anne. Among the other pictures of interest are Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles the First, by Vandyke; portraits of several of the Earls of Thomond and Inchiquin, as well as many of the Clarendon and Keightley families, and also some curious hunting and racing pictures of the last century. In the hall is a large antique table of curio as manufacture, a relic of the Spanish Armada, which was washed ashore at Miltown Malbay, on the coast of Clare. There are also in the gallery some curious ancient tablets of bog oak, representing the life and death of Brien Borohme, who was slain at Contarf in A.D. 1010, as well as a bronze effigy supposed to have been at one time fastened on that monarch's tomb. The family of O'Brien, of which Lord Inchiquin is the head, is one of the IV. E 28 ^ DROMOLAND. oldest in Ireland. They maintained an independent sovereignty over a large part of the South of Ireland up to a late period, A.D. 1543, when Murrough O'Brien, the then Tanist, or Monarch, resigned his princedom to Henry the Eighth, and accepted the titles of Earl of Thomond and Baron of Inchiquin. LOCKO PARK, NEAR DERBY, DERBYSHIRE. — DRURY-LOWE. LoCKO, the seat of William Drury Lowe^ Esq., is one of tlie most charmingly situated mansions in the Midland Counties. It stands in a well wooded deer park about five miles from Derby, and has a magnificent sheet of water at a picturesque distance in front, the drive from the lodge to the mansion passing along its margin, and presenting many points of beauty to the eye of the visitor. The front of the house, which faces the lake, consists of a central body with portico, and two wings, one of which is the private chapel, and the other the drawing-room. Formerly this front was the principal entrance to the house. The present owner, however, a few years ago, added a new and advanced portico, with entrance-hall, picture-gallery, and dining-room at the east end. The whole of these additions, with a well proportioned tower, are designed in the Italian style, the dining-room facade forming a striking and pleasing front. The interior of the mansion presents many features of interest. The principal apartments are the picture-gallery, the dining and drawing rooms, the boudoir, the hall, and the chapel, and these are all fitted and furnished with exquisite taste, and hung with a priceless collection of rare old paintings. The two first of these apartments are decorated in the Italian style, and have coved ceilings. The collection of paintings, which has been collected together with great judgment and at a lavish outlay, during his several years' residence abroad by the present owner, is said to be one of the most extensive and important, both in point of rarity and value of the diSerent examples, among private collections in the kingdom. The private chapel, which forms one of the wings of the mansion, was, as appears from an inscription beneath one of its windows, consecrated August 31st., 1673. It is entered both from the house and from the grounds, and is spacious and well arranged. In the interior, besides an elegant stained-glass window, are the Royal Arms, with the date 1669, and the arms of Gilbert and Lowe; and the ceiling, which is divided into panels, is decorated with crowns, roses, and other devices. On the exterior is the inscription, running round three sides: "1670 — domvs mba vocabitvr DOMVS ORATiONiS;" and on the corresponding wing, the drawing-room, is ''dootvs & PHCEBI CHORVS ET MINEEViE LAVDES." The mansion of Locko was founded on, or closely adjoining to, the site of the old " Lazar -house," an hospital or preceptory of the Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem — 30 LOCKO PARK. "Domus de la Madeleijne de Lockhay ordinis fnilitice Sancti Lazari Jerusalem." This Lazar-housej or hospital^ existed as early as the year 1296. and from it, undoubtedly, even the name of "Locko^' is derived. The derivation is from the obsolete French word Loques, signifying '^rags;' and some of these old hospitals or Lazar-houses {Lazar being derived from Lazarus) were called "^^Le Lokes.'^ Lock thus became synonymous with Lazar-house, and hence the name of "Lock hospital/' at present in use. The family of Lowe is of considerable antiquity in the county of Derby. The first of whom we have any distinct record is Lawrence Lowe, who, having married for his first wife, the daughter and heiress of Rossell, of Denby, in the county of Derby, inherited that estate and settled there. He was a man of great learning, and held the office of Recorder of Nottingham in the year 1480. His sons, Humphrey and Thomas, respectively founded the two important families of Lowe of Denby, and Lowe of Alderwasley. Members of the family were in different reigns attached to the court. One of these, who was in holy orders, was Confessor to King Henry the Seventh; and another, Anthony Lowe, was Gentleman of the Bedchamber and Standard-bearer to King Henry the Eighth, King Edward the Sixth, and Queen Mary. From Humphrey Lowe, of Denby, who was living in 1516, the eldest son of Lawrence Lowe, the family continued in unbroken succession to John Lowe, who in 1746 purchased Locko Park from the Gilbert family. He died without issue in 1771, and was succeeded by his brother, Richard Lowe, Esq., who died in 1785, also without lawful issue, when the estates passed to his second cousin, William Drury, Esq., of London, grandson of Anne Lowe (heiress to the estates), who had married Alderman William Drury, of Nottingham. This successor to the Locko Park and estates assumed the additional surname and arms of Lowe by sign manual in 1790. He married Anne, daughter of William Steer, Esq., of Burton Latimer, by whom he had issue an only child, Mary Anne Drury-Lowe, his sole heiress. Mr. Lowe died in 1827, and his widow survived him till 1849, when she died at Locko in her hundred and fourth year. Miss Drury-Lowe, the heiress, married, in 1800, Robert Holden Esq., of Darley Abbey and Nuttall Temple, the representative of the old Derbyshire family of Holden, by whom, with other issue, she had a son, William Drury Holden, Esq., who, upon the death of his maternal grandmother, in 1849, assumed by sign manual the names and arms of Drury-Lowe. Mr. William Drury-Lowe, who was born in 1802, married, in 1827, the Honourable Caroline Esther Curzon, daughter of Nathaniel, second Baron Scarsdale, by whom he had issue. ELTON HALL, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. EARL OF CARYSFORT. Elton Hall was formerly the seat of the famous and ancient family of the SapcoteS;, and was afterwards conferred by grant from Queen Elizabeth to the City of London, and purchased shortly after by the Proby family. Sir Thomas Proby removed here from Ruans, in Buckinghamshire, in 1663, and re-built the house, which was then in a ruinous state. Since that period Elton Hall has continued to be the principal seat of the Proby family, who have from time to time made various additions and alterations. The most ancient and interesting portions o£ the house are the Old Norman Tower, now forming part of the Library, and the Old Chapel, which is the present Drawing-room. This Chapel is thus mentioned in Camden's "Britannia,^' vol. i., col. 507: — ''Here was a private but very beautiful chapel, with curious painted window, built (about 1490) by the Lady Elizabeth Dinham, widow of the Baron Fitzwarren, who married into the Sapcote family, but it hath been ruinous these many years, and the place is now the seat of the Probys, who have built here an elegant house." The exterior of the old tower bears the arms of the Sapcotes — three dove-cotes, also the crest — a goat's or ram's head, rudely cut in stone. The tower is square and embattled, the stonework under the battlements hanging over in a particular manner. In the gate to the south is to be seen the place for a portcullis, and in the doorway are small stone arches, crossing at the roof. The same sort of arches may be seen in the rooms under the Chapel. There are no traces to be found of the famous stained glass which formerly existed in the Chapel. The house is situated in the two counties of Huntingdon and Northampton, and until recent alterations were made, a cross on the old kitchen chimney marked the boundary of the two counties. The park, which borders the river Nene, is very picturesque, and contains some fine old oaks, one of which is supposed to date from the Conquest. Fotheringay Church, where Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded, forms an interesting object from several parts of the grounds. The principal pictures at Elton Hall are: — The Earl of Pembroke, by Vandyke; Pope and Miss Blount, by Jarvis; Kitty Fishei", by Sir Joshua Reynolds; the 32 ELTON HALL. Laughing Girl^ by Sir Joshua Reynolds; Elizabeth, first wife of the first Earl of Carysfortv, by Sir Joshua Reynolds; Elizabeth, second wife of the first Earl of Carysfort, by Sir Joshua Reynolds; first Earl of Carysfort and his sister, by Sir Joshua Reynolds; first Earl of Carysfort, by Sir Joshua Reynolds. The family of Lord Carysfort derives from Sir Petee Proby, of Brampton, Lord Mayor of London in 1622, father of SiK Heneagb Pkoby, Knight, M.P., whose son, Thomas Pkoby, Esq,, was created a Baronet, March 7th., 1662, but dying without male issue, was followed by his brother, John Proby, Esq., at whose decease in 1710, the estates passed to his next heir, John Proby, Esq., M.P. for Huntingdonshire. His eldest son. The Right Honourable Sir John Proby, K.B., also M.P. for the County of Huntingdon, was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Carysfort, of Carysfort, in the County of Wicklow. He was succeeded by his son, John Joshua Proby, second Baron, who was created Earl of Carysfort, in the Peerage of Ireland, and raised to the English Peerage as Baron Carysfort of Norman Cross, in the County of Huntingdon. He died in 1828, and was followed by his son, John Proby, second Earl Carysfort, a General in the army, born in 1780, who died unmarried in 1855, and was succeeded by his brother, Granville Leveson Proby, third Earl Carysfort, an Admiral R.N., engaged at the battles of the Nile and Trafalgar. He was born in 1781, and died November 3rd., 1868, his eldest surviving son being Sir Granville Leveson Proby, fourth Earl of Carysfort, K.P., born September 14th., 1825, some time M.P. for the County of Wicklow, a Captain in the 74th. Highlanders, Controller of the Household, married, July 19th., 1853, Lady Augusta Maria Hare, daughter of William, third Earl of Listowl. Wf i EASTNOR CASTLE, NEAR EASTNORj HEREFORDSHIRE. EARL SOMERS. Eastnor Castle was built by Johnj first Earl Somers, and completed in 1815. The designs were given by Sir Robert Smirke^ in the style of the twelfth century. The castle stands on a rising ground, a little above the site of the old family mansion of Castledich in Eastnor, (in "Domesday/^ Esnore,) a moated building of extreme antiquity, and which was besieged on more than one occasion during the civil wars of Charles the First. The entrance hall, sixty feet in height, is a noble apartment of Norman archi- tecture, ornamented with Italian and other marbles, and containing some remarkable suits of armour of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The libraries contain a fine collection of books, and are adorned with a suite of Gobelin Tapestries, from the designs of Lucas Van Leyden at the Palace of Fontainbleau. Among the works of art Is a collection of interesting pictures of the early Italian masters: Saint Catherine, by Giotto; Simono Memmi, and other masters of the fifteenth century. A fine portrait of Charles the First, by Mytens; a Knight in Armour, by Paris Bordone; and Saint Thomas receiving the Girdle, by Francesco Granacci. On the principal staircase are some fine modern pictures by Watts; "Time and Oblivion," and a portrait of Alfred Tennyson, the Poet Laureate; also portraits of Richard Cocks; Thomas C. Cocks, a devoted royalist; Charles C. Cocks, Ambassador to the Czar in the time of James the First, and his wife, in the ancient Muscovite costume; the Lord Chancellor Somers, by Kneller; William the Third in his youth, a gift of the King; and Charles, Lord Somers, who died in 1806, by Romney. In the grounds of the castle are fine specimens of coniferge, cedars, pines, and rare plants from Japan and California, well acclimatized. The park is remarkable for the extreme beauty of the views of the Malvern Hills, the Herefordshire Beacon, the Gloucestershire Beacon, etc. This family is stated to have been seated in the county of Kent in the reign of Edward the First, and to have removed into Gloucestershire in that of Henry the Eighth. Subsequently, the descents have been as follow: — Thomas Cocks, Esq., of Bishops Cleave, Gloucestershire. 34 EASTNOR CASTLE. Richard Cocks, Esq., of Castleditcli, Herefordshire. Thomas Cocks, Esq., of Castleditcli. Charles Cocks, Esq., of Castleditcli, M.P. for the City of Worcester in 1692, and for the Borough of Droitwich in seven Parliaments. He married Mary, sister and eventually sole heiress of Lord Somers, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, who died in 1716; and was father of James Cocks, Esq., of Brockmans, Hertfordshire, M.P. for Reigate. His son, James Cocks, Esq., was slain at St. Cas, on the French coast, in 1758, and having been unmarried, the estates reverted to his uncle, John Cocks, Esq., of Castleditch, (acquired by marriage with his cousin, Mary, daughter of the Rev. Thomas Cocks). He had twelve children, of whom the eldest son, Charles Cocks, Esq., of Castleditch, M.P. for Reigate, born June 29th., 1725, was created a Baronet, September 19th., 1772, and elevated to the Peerage May 17th,, 1784, as Lord Somers of Evesham, in the County of Worcester. He was succeeded by his son, John Somers Cocks, second Baron Somers, who was created Viscount Eastnor and Earl Somers, July 17th., 1821. He was Lord Lieutenant of Herefordshire, Recorder of Gloucester, and High Steward of Hereford. His son, John Somers Cocks, Esq., second Earl Somers, was Lord Lieutenant of Here- fordshire, and Colonel of the Herefordshire Mihtia. He died March 8th., 1838, and was succeeded by his son, Charles Somers Cocks, third Earl Somers. He married, October 2nd., 1850, Virginia, daughter of James Pattle, Esq., of the Indian Civil Service. m GALLOWAY HOUSE, NEAR WIGTOWN, WIGTOWNSHIRE. EARL OP GALLOWAY. Galloway House is beautifully situated. On the east side, within three hundred yards of the terrace, is Wigtown Bay, with the Stewartry of Kirkcudbrightshire and its hilly coast on the opposite side, at a distance of ten miles, ending in the point where stands the Ross Lighthouse. On the south side, at the same distance, (namely, three hundred yards,) is a small creek within the pleasure grounds, termed Cruggleton, or Rigg Bay, to which there is a broad gravel walk, running direct from the terrace, and parallel with this walk, overlooked by the windows on the south side of the house, is a sunk Italian flower-garden. The main approach to the mansion house is from the west, the front door steps being in the centre of the body of the house, the wings standing out on either side. On the north side, at a distance of two hundred yards, are the stables, and four hundred yards beyond, one of the Park Gates, termed the Harbour Lodge, opens upon the village and sea-port of Garliestown. It would be more correct to say of this ancient and long ennobled famil}^, that the Royal line of Scotland was of it, than that, as has been said, it is of the Royal blood of that kingdom. Alexander, sixth Lord High Steward (in 1263) of Scotland — whence the family name of Stewart — died in 1283, leaving issue James, seventh Lord High Steward, James, (grandfather of the first Stuart king, Robert II.,) and a younger son. Sir John Stewart, the line of succession after whom was as follows: — Sir Walter Stewart. Sir John Stewart. Sir Walter Stewart. Marion Stewart, who married, October 17th,, 1396, Sir John Stewart, from whom came Sir William Stewart. Sir William Stewart.  First, elevated to the peerage July 19th., 1607, as Baron of Garlies, and advanced to the Earldom OP Galloway, September 9th., 1623. Sir James Stewart, second Earl of Galloway, and a Baronet, (so created in 1627.) Sir Alexander Stewart, third Earl. Sir Alexander Stewart, fourth Earl. Sir James Stewart, fifth Earl. Sir Alexander Stewart, sixth Earl. Sir John Stewart, seventh Earl. Sir George Stewart, eighth Earl. Sir Eandolph Stewart, ninth Earl, born September 16th., 1800, married August 9th., 1833, Lady Harriet Blanche Somerset, seventh daughter of Henry Charles Somerset, sixth Duke of Beaufort, and had, with other children, Alan Plantagenet Stewart, Lord Garlies, vita patris. DEENE PARK, NEAR KOCKINGHAM, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. COUNTESS OP CARDIGAN. Deene Park, the beautiful seat of the Countess of Cardigan and de Lancastre, was formerly a Priory, belonging to the Abbey of Westminster at the time of the Conqueror's Survey. The Abbot of Westminster was Lord of the Manor, and occasionally resorted thither for his pleasure. In the reign of Henry the Second the lands were in the possession of Ralph Fitz-Nigel, who held them of the See of Westminster. In the sixteenth year of King John, (1214), Ivo de Deene levied a fine on this manor, to be held of the Abbot of Westminster, by certain services and an annual payment of £18; and in the ninth year of King Edward the Second, (1315), Henry de Deene was lord of the manor. From this family it passed to the Tyndales; it subsequently came into the possession of the Littons, from whom it went, in the sixth year of Henry the Eighth, (1514), to the Brudenells. We read that Edmund Brudenell, by will dated 21st. June, 1425, gave to St. John's Hospital in Aynhoe, his missal and a chalice for celebrating a requiem mass on the anniversary of his death. In the twentieth of Henry the Seventh, Robert Brudenell, who was bred to the law, was made a King's Sergeant; in the first of Henry the Eighth (1509) he was appointed a Justice of the Common Pleas, and in the twentieth of the same reign Chief Justice of that Court. He was succeeded by Sir Thomas Brudenell, Knight, his eldest son, who in 1543 was Sheriff of the County. On the 29th. of June, 1611, Thomas Brudenell was raised by King James the First to the degree of Baronet, then instituted, and on the 26th. of April in the third of Charles the First (1627) he was elevated to the dignity of a Baron of the realm, by the title of Lord Brudenell of Stanton Wyville, in Leicestershire. He was a zealous supporter of the royal cause during the civil wars, and sufi"ered a long imprisonment in the Tower, and on the restoration of Charles the Second, by letters patent, dated the 20th. of April in the thirteenth of that reign, he was created Earl of Cardigan. *" James Thomas Brudenell, the seventh Earl of Cardigan, was born in 1797, and married in 1826 the eldest daughter of Admiral Tollemache. He succeeded his father in 1837, was Lieutenant- Colonel of the 11th. Hussars, became a Colonel in the army in 1846, represented Marlborough in Parliament from 1818 to 1830, Fowey S8 DEENE PARK. 1830-1831, and the Northern Division of Northampton from 1831 to 1837. He died the 27th. of March, 1868, in consequence of a fall from his horse. The Right Honourable Adeline Louisa Maria, Countess of Cardigan and de Lan- castre, only daughter of Spencer Horsey de Horsey, Esq., as second wife of the late Earl, became possessed of this manor. Her ladyship married, August 28th., 1873, the Count de Lancastre Saldahna. The mansion at Deene is a handsome irregular stone structure with embattled turrets. The hall has a timbered panelled roof, and the windows contain the coats of arms of the noble families of Brudenell, Montagu, and Bruce, with their alliances, etc. The library contains a collection of manuscripts relating to this county by Thomas, first Earl of Cardigan, and in the principal rooms are some excellent family portraits. The scenery of the magnificent park is very diversified; the pleasure grounds and lakes are extensive, and laid out with great taste; and the majestic elms and stately oak trees cannot be surpassed. The park is well stocked with herds of red and fallow deer. ADARE MANOR, NEAR ADARE, COUNTY LIMERICK, IRELAND. EARL OF DUNRAVEN. Adare Manor, which has been for ages the residence of the ancient family of O^Quin of Inchiquin, is situated near the picturesque village from whence it takes its name, and has long been celebrated for the various ruins in its close proximity. The beauty of the demesne is greatly enhanced by the river Maigue, which flows through it from south to north, the ruins on its banks forming picturesque scenes, while extensive vistas through aged trees and shaded walks give a peculiar interest to the whole place. The estate of Adare was long remarkable for the number and magnificence of its elms, but in November, 1814, the whole avenue in front of the then existing mansion was blown down. The memorable storm of January 6th., 1839, uprooted nearly seven hundred trees; that in January, 1842, between six and seven hundred more, sadly mutilating the noble avenues, and destroying the finest specimens of single trees. The ruins at Adare consist of a Castle, a Trinitarian Friary, an Augustinian Friary, a Franciscan or Grey Friary, which last is situated within the demesne, and two small churches in the parish churchyard. In the year 1807 the church of the Augustinian Abbey was given to the Protestants as their parish church, the old one being out of repair, and too small; and in 1814 the refectory was roofed and converted into a school-house. The family mausoleum was erected in another part of the ruins. Over the entrance is the following text: — ''My son, remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth.^^ On the west front are the family arms, and underneath, — "This Mausoleum was constructed in the year of our Lord 1826, by William Henry, Earl of Dunraven, for the remains of his dear father, Richard, first Earl of Dunraven, and for the family of Quin of Adare." The present edifice was begun in 1832. Some of the walls of the old house still remain, but are so amalgamated with the new, that they could only be recognised by one who had watched the progress of the alterations. The building was still unfinished at Lord Dunraven's death, and in 1850, Mr. P. C. Hardwick was consulted, and with much talent and judgment completed the south and west fronts, after his own designs, though following the general plan intended by the late Earl. The new liouse is built of large blocks of hammer-dressed limestone of diSerent colours, grey predominating, but relieved by occasional blocks of red and brown, all found in quarries in this county. The style of the building is Tudor, and the details are 40 ADAEE MANOR. carefully taken from tlie best examples of the period in England and the Continent. The works, both stone and timber, were entirely executed by the mechanics and labourers of the village and neighbourhood, and proved an inestimable blessing during the years o£ famine, at which time provisions were given out to them at the ordinary prices. The Great Hall is a noble apartment, fifty-three feet in length, thirty-seven feet wide, and thirty feet in height. It contains a very fine organ, of great compass, having forty-four stops and two thousand three hundred and fifty-three pipes. The hall is lighted by eight windows, of difierent sizes, placed high up in the wall, some of them containing coloured glass. The walls are decorated with armour, and with horns of the old Irish deer, several of which are of remarkable size, the pair over the fireplace measuring eleven feet four inches across from tip to tip, and another pair ten feet four inches. The Picture Gallery is a magnificent room, in length one hundred and thirty-two feet six inches, width twenty-one feet, and height twenty-six feet six inches. It has five very large bay windows, partly filled with stained glass, illustrating the pedigree of the ancient and noble family of Wyndham. The walls are hung with a large collection of family portraits, to which is added a choice selection of paintings both by ancient and modern masters. Busts, on pedestals, occupy positions round the room. The furniture is covered with tapestry worked by the village and school-girls, who, during a time of great distress, were trained to execute a variety of useful and ornamental fabrics. Other apartments are correspondingly of large size, and fitted up with great taste and elegance. At the head of the principal staircase, on the second floor, is a wide corridor, occupied as a museum, and containing a collection of objects of interest, comprising antiquities, geological specimens, and miscellaneous curiosities of various kinds. In the centre is placed a magnificent and perfect skeleton of the great extinct Irish deer, recently dug up in the vicinity of Limerick. On the south side of the house is a large geometrical garden, enclosing a bowling green and croquet ground, bounded on the east by handsome stone terrace walls, surmounted with vases, and with a broad flight of steps leading down to the river, from whence a gravel walk, under a row of majestic elms, extends along the banks of the stream to a picturesque bridge in the vicinity of the Abbey. This is one of the few families of Celtic origin in the Peerage of Ireland. Its immediate ancestor was James Quin, of Kilmallock, brother of the Right Rev. John Coyn, or Quin, D.D., Bishop of Limerick in the reign of Henry the Eighth, but who resigned the see on account of his blindness and infirmity. APPLEBY CASTLE, NEAR APPLEBY, WESTMORELAND. TUPTON, BARONET. This edifice is generally believed to have been founded previous to the Norman Conquest, but was in all probability rebuilt shortly subsequent to that period, and again progressively re-edified by successive noble proprietors. Of the buildings now in existence the most ancient is a structure of extensive proportions that appears to be of Norman origin, although, like many similar erections, it is called Csesar^s Tower. At one time there was a brass plate upon a wall in the vault, bearing the following inscription: — "This Cesar's Tower began to bee repaired and this middle wall to bee built from the foundation in 1651 by Ann, Baroness Clifibrd, Westmorland, and Vesey, Lady of Honour of Skipton in Craven, and Countess Dowager of Pembroke, Dorsett and Montgomery, after it had laid ruinous and uncovered from the year 1559 until now." The principal part of the present structure was built by Thomas, Earl of Thanet, in the year 1686, from the ruins of the old castle. It is of a square form, and contains several apartments of noble dimensions, which are enriched by a large collection of curious and valuable family portraits. The magnificent suit of armour worn by George CHfibrd in the tilt-yard, when he acted as champion to his royal mistress. Queen Elizabeth, is likewise preserved here; it is ornamented with fleur- de-lis, and is very richly gilt; his horse armour, used on the same occasion, is equally superb, and lies near it. This castle was for a considerable period the residence of the Clifibrd family; and was fortified for the king in 1641, by Lady Anne Clifibrd, who gave the government of it to her neighbour. Sir Philip Musgrave, and he held it out till after the battle of Marston Moor, when he was obliged, contrary to his inclination, to surrender it to the parliamentarians. The following is a brief record of Appleby, and of the families into whose pos- session it has at various times fallen: — "Three times had this castle and estate been carried as a marriage portion by heiresses, before it came into the possession of Simon de Morville, and when his grandson, Hugh de Morville, thinking to do his sovereign a service, kept the door, while his companions slew Thomas a Becket in his Cathedral at Canterbury, it was forfeited to the Crown, and in the Crown it remained until the time of King John. It was during this period that the borough of Appleby received its charter, and secured possession of its high privileges as a 42 APPLEBY CASTLE. royal burgh. The burgesses were subject to no lord, but held in capite directly from the Crown, and, as a consequence, the mayor of this ancient town is a person of no small consequence within the boundaries of his own borough, and is entitled to take precedence even of Her Majesty's judges. From an old document copied into the margin of Gibson's translation of Camden in the library at Lowther, it appears that Appleby was a county of itself in the fourth year of King John ; that is, at the time the first grant was made to the Veteriponts. And it is worthy of remark, that long after the second grant Appleby Castle was dealt with as one of the king's fortresses, or a royal fort, and the owner addressed as Constable of the King's Castle, at Appleby. Even so late as Edward the First, when the Pope claimed the kingdom of Scotland as a fief, and the Barons of England wrote a letter denying the claim, and afiixed their names, Robert de Clifford, whose name occurs in the list, is styled Chatelain of Appleby, while all the rest are called Barons. From the Veteriponts the estate passed to the Cliffords, through Isabella, daughter and coheiress of Robert de Veteripont. She and her sister Idonea, one aged ten and the other six or seven years, were committed by the king, who had them in ward, to the custody of Roger de Clifibrd and Roger de Leyburne, and these two knights thought they could not better consult the interests of the coheiresses than by marrying them to their sons Roger de Clifford and Roger de Leyburne, and thus dividing the inheritance between them. The estate continued in the Clifford family until the thirteenth generation, when the daughter of Anne, Countess of Pembroke, carried it to the Tuftons; John, second Earl of Tlianet, having married Margaret, daughter of Richard Sackville, Earl of Dorset, by his wife the Lady Ann Clifibrd." The very ancient family of Tufton, Earls of Thanet, became extinct as to the ennobled branch in the person of Henry Tufton, the eleventh Baron, Lord Lieutenant of Kent, and hereditary Sheriff of Westmoreland, when the representation of the family and the estates, (Skipton Castle, Yorkshire, Appleby Castle, in Westmoreland, and Hothfield Place, Ivent,) came by will to Sir Richard Tufton, Baronet, so created in 1851, who was succeeded by Sir Henry Jaques Tufton, second Baronet, married December 17th., 1872, to Alice Harriet Argyll, second daughter of the Rev. William Stracey, of Buxton, in the county of Norfolk, and had a son, John Sackville Richard Tufton, born November 8th., 1873. KELHAM HALL, NEAR NBWARK-ON-TRENT, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. MANNERS-SUTTON. When the old Hall at Kelham was destroyed by fire in 1857, Mr. Manners - Sutton was in Italy. On his journey homewards he gave much consideration to the many questions which suggested themselves as to its re-erection, and having consulted Sir G. Gilbert Scott, R.A., to whom the task was confided of designing and carrying out the new work, the following conclusions were arrived at: — That the house should be of mediseval architecture, not adopting precisely any of its many varieties as existing among ancient remains, but treating it freely with the aid of several of such varieties, and especially it was thought that as Italy is the birthplace almost of modern domestic architecture, many useful hints and suggestions might be obtained from its productions, without involving the substitution of its details for those of more northern countries. These considerations determined in a great degree the character and architectural treatment of the building, which may be said to be that suggested by works of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, viewed on a broad basis, and freely admitting all which can be usefully learned from the architecture, whether of England, France, or Italy, though adopting no details peculiarly Italian. As to arrangement and construction, it was determined on three points. The building was to be approached through a cloistered court, capable of admitting several carriages at once, and whose central span was to be closed in by a glazed roof. The entrance hall was to be of limited dimensions; but instead of a large entrance hall, a music hall of large size, and of the height of two storeys of the building, was to be formed in the centre of the house, and away from the entrance. All the rooms on the ground floor, inclading the great hall, were to have groined vaulting over them in fireproof material, which was also used in the construction of the upper floors. 