Systematic results of the study of North American land mammals to the close of the year 1900
Miller, Gerrit Smith, 1869-1923 | Rehn, James A. G.
V vvV mk "i 'm imm v. m MI • j\ < ' fb^ten^f1 », v vyv^ EARTH SCIENCES LIBRARY THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BEQUEST OF Theodore S. Palmer o/ « ,S"_ 7 Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History VOL. MO, No. 1, SYSTEMATIC RESILTS ()F THK STl'DV OF NoUTII AMFKK'AN LAND MAMMALS TO THE CLOSE OF THE YEAH 1!H)O liV (rCRItll S. MlLl.Klt. ,fl;., \M» .1 \ M 1 S A. (i. BOSTON: PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY. DECEMIIEK, 1901. GIFT No. 1. — SYSTEMATIC RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN LAND MAMMALS TO THE CIOSE OF THE YEAR 1900. BY GERRIT S.f MILLER, JR., AND JAMES A. G. REHN. THREE distinct phases or periods may be distinguished in the recent history of the study of North American mammals. The first was characterized by scanty material for investigation, and by the prevalence of the conception of fixity of species. Under these conditions it was inevitable that variation should have been ignored or at least thoroughly misunderstood, and that a large number of species should have been described. The close of this period may be placed at about the years 1860 to 1865. The next phase came as the result of the accumulation of more extensive though still inadequate material and the abandonment of the idea of fixity of species. It was naturally a period of sweeping reductions. Variation had been discovered and was henceforth to be the chief object of study; but its extent and limits were still vaguely outlined, and the important distinctions between the different kinds of variation had not been made. This period continued until the year 1889. The existing phase is the direct outgrowth of the last, and represents no new conceptions or tendencies such as distinguished. The latter from its predecessor. But, chiefly through the acquisition of vastly more extensive series of specimens than have ever before been brought together, the distinction between geographic variation and individual variation has been made. This is the essential characteristic of the period. The effects of this distinction are more far-reaching than might at first be expected, for instead of continued reduction in the recognized number of North American mammals, it has brought an almost bewildering increase. The present paper is intended to summarize the systematic results of the number of North American land mammals known in 1885 was 303. About 1450 are now recognized. While it is certain that some "of these will eventually prove to have been established on insufficient characters, there can be no doubt that the number to be eliminated is an insignificant fraction of the whole, a quantity that may be ignored in view of the equally certain further increase that will take place before the fauna of North America is completely known. 2 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. of the study of North American land mammals to the close of the year 1900, and to furnish an index to the literature of the subject for the past fifteen years. It is not an expression of individual opinion; and no revisionary work has entered into its preparation. North America, as here understood, is the entire American continent north of a line drawn across the Isthmus of Panama from Colon to the City of Panama, together with Greenland, and those islands of the West Indies the fauna of which is not purely South American in its affinities. In 1881, F. W. True published 'A provisional list of the mammals of North and Central America and the West Indian Islands,' a summary of the North American mammal fauna as then known. To the species included in it are here added those since recognized, the status of which at the end of the year 1900 had not been questioned in some recent work of definite monograph character, where full synony. My and references may readily be consulted. Forms in regard to whose standing there is difference of opinion, but which have not been treated in such a monographic paper, are included; but in cases of this kind references are given to the conflicting views. The sequence of groups is essentially that of Trouessart's Catalogue mammalum tarn viventium quam fossiliurn (Berlin, 1897-1899) with the order reversed to conform with the prevalent opinion that enumeration should begin with the more generalized types rather than with the Ynore specialized. The arrangement of species is alphabetic except in the case of genera that have been recently monographed; here the sequence adopted by the reviser is followed, and any additions made subsequently to the publication of the revision are entered in accordance with their supposed affinities. Under every species and subspecies reference is made to the first publication of the specific or subspecific name. To this, when necessary, is added (a) reference to first use of current binomial or trinomial name, (b) in the case of species described before 1885, but not at that date admitted as valid, reference to establishment as members of the North American fauna, and (c) reference to True's list. The species included by Parts as they now stand. The word 'part' in parentheses after the reference indicates that segregation has taken place. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. True are marked with an asterisk, so that the increase in each genus during the past fifteen years may be made the more apparent. References to alterations in generic names are also given, but the concordance with the nomenclature of 1885, being sufficiently indicated by the citations under species, is here omitted. The type locality of each form is stated with all possible exactitude; but in the present lack of definite information on the subject, no attempt is made to indicate the boundaries of geographic ranges. Among the many persons who have given valuable aid and advice during the preparation of this paper, Mr. Witmer Stone, Dr. J. A. Allen and Dr. Edgar A. Mearns are particularly to be mentioned. Class MAMMALIA. Superorder DlDELPHIA. Order MARSUPIALIA. Order MARSUPIALIA. Family DIDELPHIDAE. Genus CHIRONECTES Illiger. 1811. Chironectes ILLIGER, Prodr. syst. mamm. et avium, p. 76. Type. — Lutra minima ZIMMERMANX. 1 For discussions of the nomenclature of certain genera of this family see Rehn, Atner. nat., XXXIV, pp. 576-577, July, 1900; Allen, Bull. Amer. nius. nat. hist., XIII, pp. 185-190, October 12, 1900; Thomas, Amer. nat., XXXV, pp. 144-145, February, 1901. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Chironectes minimus (Zimmermann). 1780. Latra (sic) minima Z PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. IMMERMANN, Geogr. Gesch., n, p. 817. 1885. Chironectes varieaatus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 587. 1885. 1887. Chironectes minimus LYDEKEER, Catal. foss. mamm. Brit, mus., pt. v, p. 289. TYPE LOCALITY. — Guiana. Genus MARMOSA Gray. 1821. Marmoset GRAY, London med. repos., xv, p. 308. April 1, 1821. Type. — Didelphis murina LINNAEUS. For use of this name in place of Micoureus LESSON (Nouv. tabl. regne animal, p. 186, 1842) see Thomas, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58, July, 1895. Marmosa canescens (Allen). 1893. Didelphis (Micoureus) canescens ALLEN, Bull. Arner. mus. nat. hist., v, p. 235. September 22, 1893. 1897. Marmosa canescens ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., ix, p. 58. March 15, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Santo Domingo de Guzman, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. Marmosa cinerea (Temminck). 1827. Didelphis cinerea TEMMINCK, Monogr. mamm., i, p. 46. 1885. Didelphys cinerea TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 587. 1885. 1897. Marmosa cinerea ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., ix, p. 43. March 11, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa insularis Merriam. 1898. Marmosa insularis MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 14. January 27, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Islands, State of Jalisco, Mexico. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Marmosa murina (Linnaeus). 1758. [Didelphis murina LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., i, p. 55. 1885. Didelphis murina TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 587. 1885. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. March 16, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xvi, p. 58. July, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Marmosa murina mexicana Merriam. 1897. Marmosa murina THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., ITY. — Juquila, State of Oaxaca, Mexico. Marmosa oaxacae Merriam. 1897. Marmosa oaxacae MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 43. March 16, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — City of Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. Marmosa sinaloae Allen. 1898. Marmosa sinaloae ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 143. April 12, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Tatemales, State of Sinaloa, Mexico. Genus CALUROMYS Allen. 1900. Caluromys ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., xm, p. 1-89. October 12, 1900. Type. — Didelphis philander LINNAEUS. Caluromys alstoni Allen. 1900. Caluromys alstoni ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., xm, p. 189. October 12, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Tres Rios, Costa Rica. * Caluromys derbianus (Waterhouse). 1841. Didelphys derbianus WATERHOUSE, Jardine's natur. library, mamm., xi, p. 97. 1885. Didelphys derbianus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 587. 1885. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 1900. Caluromys derbianus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., xin, p. 189. October 12, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Unknown. Caluromys laniger pallidus THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 7th ser., iv, p. 286. October, 1899. 1900. Caluromys laniger pallidus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. Nat. hist., xm, p. 189. October 12, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Bogava, Chiriqui, Panama. Altitude, 250 meters. Genus METACHIRUS BURMEISTER. 1854. Metachirus BURMEISTER, Thiere Brasil., i, p. 135. Based (by elimination) on the species myosurus TEMMINCK (= nudicau data E. GEOFFROY) and quica TEMMINCK. Metachirus fuscogriseus Allen. 1885. Didelphus quica TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 587. 1885. (Not of Temminck.) 1900. Metachirus fuscogriseus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, xm, p. 194. October 23, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Central America. Metachirus nudicaudatus (E. Geoffroy). 1803. Didelphys nudicaudata E. GEOFFROY, "Cat. mus. p. 42." 1888. Didelphys nudicaudata THOMAS, Catal. marsup. and monotr. Brit, mus., p. 332. 1900. Métachirus nudicaudatus ALLEN, Bull. Am. mus. nat. hist., xm, p. 197. October 23, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Cayenne, French Guiana (see Allen, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., xm, p. 197, October 23, 1900). MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Genus DIDELPHIS Linnaeus. 1758. Didelphis LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 54. Type. Didelphis marsupialis LINNAEUS. Didelphis aurita WIED, Beitr. Naturgesch. Brasil., 11, p. 395. 1885. Didelphys aurita TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xn (1884), p. 587. TYPE LOCALITY. — Villa Yicoza, Parahyba River, Brazil. Didelphis marsupialis Linnaeus. 1758. [Didelphis] marsupialis LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 54. 1885. Didelphys virginiana TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 587. 1885. 1888. Didelphys marsupialis THOMAS, Catal. raarsup. and monotr. Brit, mus., p. 323. TYPE LOCALITY. — Virginia. According to Thomas (Amer. nat., xxxv, pp. 144-145, February, 1901) this species should stand as D. virginiana. Didelphis marsupialis CALIFORNIA BENNETT, Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 40. 1894. Didelphis marsupialis CALIFORNIA BENNETT, Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 40. 1894. Didelphis marsupialis CALIFORNIA BENNETT, Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 40. TYPE LOCALITY. — " That part of California which adjoins Mexico." Didelphis marsupialis pigra (Bangs). 1898. Didelphis virginiana pigra BANGS, Proc. Boston soc. nat. hist., xxvin, p. 172. March, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Oak Lodge, opposite Micco, Brevard County, Florida. 8 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Superorder MONODELPHIA Order EDENTATA. Family BRADYPODIDAB. Genus CHOLOEPUS Illiger. 1811. Choloepus ILLIGER, Prodr. syst. mamm. et avium, p. 108. Type. — Bradypus didactylus LINNAEUS. Choloepus hoffmanni Peters. 1858. Choloepus hoffmanni PETERS, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, p. 128. 1885. Cholopus hoffmani TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 588. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Costa Rica. Genus BRADYPUS Linnaeus. 1758. Bradypus LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 34. Type. — Bradypus tridactylus LINNAEUS. * Bradypus castaneiceps (Gray). 1871. Arctopithecus castaneiceps GRAY, Proc. zool. soc. Lon- don, p. 444. 1882. Bradypus castaneiceps ALSTON, Biol. Centr.-Amer., mammals, p. 184.' 1885. Bradypus castaneiceps TRUE, Proc. IT. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 588. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Chontales, Nicaragua. *rBradypus infuscatus Wagler. 1831. Bradypus infuscatus WAGLER, Isis, p. 611. MILLER AND REHN : NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 9 1885. Bradypus infuscatus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 588. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Western Brazil. Family MYRMECOPHAGID AE. Genus CYCLOPES -Gray. 1821. Cycles GRAY, London med. repos., xv, p. 305. Type. — Myrmecophaga didactyla LINNAEUS. For use of this name in place of Cyclothurus LESSON (Nouv. tabl. regne animal, p. 152, 1846) see Thomas, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xv, p. 191, February, 1895; Palmer, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xm, p. 72, September 28, 1899. * Cyclopes didactylus (Linnaeus). 1758. \Myrmecopliag ci\ didactyla LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 35. 1885. Cycloturas didactylus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 587. 1885. 1900. Cyclopes didactylus REHN, Amer. nat. xxxiv, p. 576. July, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Surinam. Genus MYRMECOPHAGA Linnaeus. 1758. Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 35. Type — Myrmecophaga tetradactyla LINNAEUS. 1 For studies of the Linnaean species in relation to their present generic standing, see Rehn, Amer. nat., XXXIV, pp. 575-576, July, 1900; Thomas, Amer. nat., XXXV, pp. 143-144, February, 1901. 10 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. For use of this name in place of Uroleptes see Rehn, Araer. nat. xxxiv, p. 576, July, 1900. For substitution of Uroleptes (Wagler, Nat. Syst. der Amphibien, p. 36, 1830) for Tamandua (Lesson, Nouv. tabl. regne animal, p. 152, 1842) see Palmer, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xm, p. 73, September 28, 1889. According to Thomas (Amer. nat., xxxv, p. 144, February 1901) this genus should stand as Uroleptes WAGLER. Myrmecophaga sellata COPE, Amer. nat., XXII, p. 133. February, 1889. TYPE LOCALITY. — Honduras. Myrmecophaga tetradactyla Linnaeus. 1758. Myrmecophaga tetradactyla LINNAEUS, Syst. nat. Ed., i, p. 35. 1885. Myrmecophaga quadridactyla TRUE, Proc, IT. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 588. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Genus FALCIFER Rehn. 1900. Falcifer REHN, Amer. nat. xxxiv, p. 576. July, 1900, Type. — Myrmecophaga jubata LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type. — Myrmecophaga LINNAEUS. According to Thomas (Amer. nat. xxxv, p. 143, February, 1901) this genus should stand as Myrmecophaga. Type Fraciscus LINNAEUS. Falcifer jubata (Linnaeus). 1756. Myrmecophaga-jubata LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., xn ed. 1, p. 52. 1885. Myrmecophaga TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 588. 1885. 1900. Falcifer jubata REHN, Amer. nat., xxxiv, p. 576. July, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. According to Thomas (Amer. nat., xxxiv, p. 143, February, 1901), the proper name for this species is Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus (Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 35, 1758). MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Family DASYPODINAEAE. Subfamily DASYPODINAEAE. Genus CABASSOUS McMurtrie. 1831. Cabassous McMurtrie, Cuvier's anim. kingd., i, p. 164. Type. — Dasypus unicinctus LINNAEUS. For use of this name in place of the preoccupied Xenurus (WAGLER, Nat. Syst. d. Amphibien, p. 36, 1830), see Palmer, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xin, p. 71, September 28, 1899. Cabassous centralis (Miller). 1899. Tatu (Ziphila) centralis MILLER, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xni, p. 4. January 31, 1899. 1899. Cabassous centralis PALMER, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xin, p. 72. September  this name in place of Tatusia (LESSON, Man. de mammalogie, p. 309, 1827), see Palmer, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 174, June 9; 1897. Tatu novemcinctum (Linnaeus). 1758. [Dasypus~] novemcinctus LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 51. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 1799. [Tatu] novemcinctus BLUMENBACH, Handb. der Naturgesch., p. 73. 1885. Tatusia novemcinctus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 58-8. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Brazil. Order UNGULATA. Suborder AKTIODACTYLA. Family TAYASSITIDAE. Genus TAYASSU Fischer. 1814. Tayassu FISCHER, Zoognosia, in, p. 284. Type. — Tayassu pecari FISCHER, — Sus albirostris ILLIGER. For use of this name in place of Dicotyles (CuviER, Regne animal, i, p. 237, 1817) see Palmer, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 174, June 9, 1897. Tayassu angulatum (Cope). 1889. Dicotyles angulatus COPE, Amer. nat., xxm, p. 147. February, 1889. 1898. T[ayassu] angulatus BANGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington xii, p. 164. August 10, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Guadelupe River, Texas. Tayassu angulatum sonoriense (Mearns). 1897. Dicotyles angulatus sonoriensis MEARNS. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera Mephitis, Dorcelaphus and Dicotyles from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 3. February 11, 1897. (Reprint: Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xx, p. 469. December 24, 1897.) TYPE LOCALITY. — San Bernardino River, Sonora, Mexico, near monument, no. 77, Mexican boundary line. Tayassu albirostre (Illiger). 1815. Sus albirostris ILLIGER, Abhandl. k. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, p. 115. 1885. Dicotyles labiatus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xx, p. 592. 1885. 1900. Tayassu albirostris BERG, Comunicaciones del Museo nacional de Buenos Aires, i, no. 6, p. 222. May 23, 1900. TYPE-LOCALITY. — Paraguay. Tayassu tajacu (Linnaeus). 1758. [Sws] tajacu LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 50. 1885. Dicotyles tajacu TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 591. 1885. (Part.) 1898. [Tayassu\ tajacu BANGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington xn, p. 164. August 10, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — "Mexico, Panama and the mountains of Brazil." Family CERVIDAE. Subfamily CERYINAE. Lydekker has recently published an elaborate popular account of the American deer (The deer of all lands, London, 1898) but his work cannot be regarded as constituting a revision of the group. Genus ODOCOILEUS Rafinesque. 1832. Odocoileus RAFINESQUE, Atlantic journal, i, p. 109. August. In the autumn of 1832, Type. — Odocoileus speleus RAFINESQUE = Cervus dama americanus ERXLEBEN, or a closely related subfossil form. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. For use of this name in place of Cariacus (LESSON, Nouv. tabl. regne animal, p. 173, 1842) and Dorcelapius (GLOGER, Gemeinn. Hand.- u. Hilfsb. der Naturgesch., p. 140, 1841) see Merriam, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 99, April 30, 1898. Regarded by Lydekker (The deer of all lands, p. 243, 1898) as forming part of the genus Mazama. Odocoileus acapulcensis (Caton). 1877. Cervus acapulcensis Caton, Antelope and deer of America, p. 4113. 1890. Odocoilei, acapulcensis MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 104. April 30, 1898 (in text under O. Nelson). TYPE LOCALITY. — Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. Odocoileus americanus (Erxleben). 1777. [Cervus dama, americanus ERXLEBEX, Syst. regni anim., i, p. 312. 1885. Cariacus virginianus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885 (part). 1899. Odocoileus americanus MILLER, Bull. N. Y. State mus., vi, p. 299. November 18, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Eastern Virginia. According to Allen (Amer. nat., x xxiv, p. 318, April, 1900, the specific name americanus is not tenable. Odococileus americanus borealis Miller. 1900. Odococileus americanus borealis MILLER, Bull. N. Y. State museum, vin, p. 83. November 21, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Bucksport, Maine. Odococileus americanus macrourus (Rafinesque). 1817. Corvus (sic) macrourus RAFINESQUE, American monthly magazine, i, p. 436. October, 1817. TYPE LOCALITY, -r- Plains of Kansas River, Upper Mississippi Valley. Odococileus cerrosensis Merriam. 1898. Odococileus cerrosensis MERRIAM, Pro:', biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 101. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Cerros Island, off Lower California, Mexico. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Odococileus columbianus (Richardson). 1829. Cervus macrotis, var. columbiana RICHARDSON. ON, Fauna Borealis-Americana, i, p. 257. 1885. Cariacus columbianus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1898. Odocoileus columbianus MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 100. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon. Odocoileus columbianus scaphiotus Men-lam. 1898. Odocoileus columbianus scaphiotus MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 101. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Laguna Ranch, Gabilan Range, Riverside County, California. Odocoileus columbianus sitkensis Merriam. 1898. Odocoileus columbianus sitkensis MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 100. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Sitka, Alaska. Odocoileus couesi (Coues and Yarrow). 1875. Cariacus virginianus var. couesi COUES and YARROW, Rep. upon geogr. and geol. expl. and surv., west of 100th meridian (Wheeler), v, p. 72. 1898. Odocoileus couesi THOMPSON, Forest and stream. LI, p. 286. Octobers, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Camp Crittenden, Pima County, Arizona. Odocoileus crooki (Mearns). 1897. Dorcelaphus crooki MEARXS. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera Mephitis, Dorcelaphus and Dicotyles, from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 2. February 11, 1897. (Reprint: Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xx, p. 468. December 24, 1898. 1898. Odocoileus crooki THOMPSON, Forest and stream, LI, p. 286. October 8, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Summit of the Dog Mountains, Grant County, New Mexico. Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque). 1817. Cervus hemionus RAFINESQUE, American monthly magazine, i, p. 436. October, 1817. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 1885. Cariacus macrotis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1897. Odocoileus hemionus MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 100. April 30, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Sioux River, South Dakota. Odocoileus hemionus californicus (Caton). 1876. Cervus macrotis var. californicus CATON, Amer. nat., x, p. 464. August, 1876. 1898. Odocoileus hemionus CALIFORNIA. PSON, Forest and stream, LI, p. 286. October 8, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Near Gaviota Pass, forty miles from Santa Barbara, California. Odocoileus hemionus eremicus (Mearns). 1897. Dorcelaphus hemionus eremicus MEARNS, Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera Mephitis, Dorcephus and Dicotyles from the Mexican border of the United States, p. 4. February 11, 1897. (Reprint: Proc. U. S. Nat. mus., xx, p. 470. December 24, 1897. 1898. Odocoileus hemionus eremicus THOMPSON, Forest and stream, LI, p. 286. October 8, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Sierra Seri, near the Gulf of California, Sonora, Mexico. Odocoileus hemionus peninsulae LYDEKEER. Proc. zool. soc. London, (1897), p. 900. TYPE LOCALITY. — La Paz, Lower California. Odocoileus leucurus (Douglas). 1828. Cervus leucurus DOUGLAS, Zool. journ., iv, p. 330. 1898, Odocoileus leucurus THOMPSON, Forest and stream, LI, p. 286. October 8, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Lower Columbia River, Oregon. Odocoileus mexicanus (Gmelin). 1788. [Ceruus] mexicanus GMELIN, syst, nat., i, p. 179. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mexico. Odocileus nelsoni Merriam. 1898. Odocoileus nelsoni MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 103. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — San Cristobal, highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 17 Odocileus osceola (Bangs). 1896. Cariacus osceola BAXGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 26. February 25, 1896. TYPE LOCALITY. — Citronelle, Citrus County, Florida. Odocileus texensis (Mearns). 1898. Dorcelaphus texensis MEARNS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 23. January 27, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Fort Clark, Kinney County, Texas. Odocileus thomasi Men-lam. 1898. Odocoileus thomasi MEERIAM Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 102. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Huehuetan, Chiapas, Mexico. Odocoileus toltecus SAUSSURE, Revue et magasin de zoologie, 2d ser., xn, p. 247. 1885. Cariacus toltecus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xn (1884), p. 592. TYPE LOCALITY. — Near Orizaba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Odocoileus truei MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 103. April 30, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Segovia River, Eastern Honduras. Genus MAZAMA Rafinesque. 1817. Mazama RAFINESQUE, American monthly magazine, i, p. 363. September, 1817. Type. — Cervus rujinus TLLIGER (see Merriam, Science, n. s., i, p. 208, February 22, 1895.) Mazama sartorii (Saussure). 1860. Cervus sartorii SAUSSURE, Revue et magasin de zoologie, 2d ser., xu, p. 252. 1885. Oariacus ruftnus TRUE, Proc. U. S. n%t. mas., vr (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1898. Mazama sartorii LYDEKKER, The deer of all lands, p. 303. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mirador, State of Vera Cruz, Mexico. Genus CERVUS Linnaeus. 1758. Cervus LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 66. Type. Cervus Linnaeus. us elaphus LINNAEUS. Cervus canadensis (Erxleben.) 1777. [Cervus elaphus] canadensis ERXLEBEN, Syst. regni anim., i, p. 305. 1783. Cervus canadensis SCHREBER, Saugth, v, pi. 246 a. 1885. Cervus canadensis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Eastern Canada. Cervus canadensis occidentalis (Smith). 1827. Cervus occidentalis H. Smith, Griffith's Cuvier, animal kingdom, iv, p. 101. 1865. Cervus canadensis occidentalis BLYTH, Proc. zool. soc. London, 1865, p. 618. 1897. Cervus rooseveldti MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 272. December  TYPE LOCALITY. — Extreme western North America. Genus ALCES Jardine. 1835. Alces JARDINE, Nat. library, xxi (mammalia: deer, antelopes, camels, etc.), p. 125. Type. — Alces americanus JARDINE. For use of this name in place of Alee H. SMITH (Griffith's Cuvier, animal kingdom, v, p. 303, 1827) see Lydekker, The deer of all lands, pp. 49, 51, 1898. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Alces americanus JARDINE, Nat. library, xxi (mammalia: deer, antelopes, camels, etc.), p. 125. 1885. Alces machlis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xxi (mammalia: deer, antelopes, camels, etc.), p. 125. TYPE LOCALITY. — North America. Alces gigas Miller. 1899. Alces gigas Miller, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xin, p. 57. May 29, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — North side of Tustumena Lake, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Genus RANGIFER Hamilton Smith. 1827. Rangifer HAMILTON SMITH, Griffith's Cuvier, Animal kingdom, v, p. 304. Type. — Cervus tarandus LIXXAEUS. Rangifer arcticus (Richardson). 1829. Cervus tarandus var. arctica RICHARDSON, Fauna Boreali-Americana, i, p. 241. 1885. Rangifer tarandus and R. tarandus groenlandicus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1896. Rangifer arcticus ALLEX, Bull. Amer. mus. nat, hist., vn, p. 234. November 21, 1896. TYPE LOCALITY. — Arctic coast of America, Rangifer caribou (Gmelin). 1788. [Cervos tarandas] caribou GMELIX, Syst. nat., i, p. 177. 1854. Rauyifer caribou AUDUBOX and BACHMAN, Quadr. N. Amer., in, p. 111. 1885. Rangifer tarandus CARIBOU TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 592. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Eastern Canada. Rangifer dawsoni Seton- Thompson. 1900. Rangifer dawsoni SETON THOMPSON, Ottawa naturalist, xm, p. 260. February, 1900. 20 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. TYPE LOCALITY. — Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Group, British Columbia, Canada. Rangifer groenlandicus (Gmelin). 1788. Cervus tarandus groenlandicus GELIN, Syst. nat., i, p. 177. 1857. Rangifer groenlandicus BAIED, Mam. N. Amer., p. 634. TYPE LOCALITY. — Greenland. Rangifer montanus Seton-Thompson. 1899. Rangifer montanus SETON-THOMPSON, Ottawa naturalist, xm, No. 5, pp. 129-130. August, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Illecillewaet  on p. 308). 1818. Antilocapra americana ORD, Journ. de physique, LXXXVII, p. 149. 1885. Antilocapra americana TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 592. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — On the plains and the highlands of the Missouri." MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Family BOVIDAE. Family BOVIDAE. Family BOVIDAE. 1827. Bison HAMILTON SMITH, Griffith's Cuvier, Animal kingdom, v, p. 373. Type. — Bos bison LINNAEUS. Bison Bison (Linnaeus). 1758. [Bos] Bison LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 72. 1885. Bison americanus TRUE Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1888. JB\i,8ori\ bison JORDAN, Manual of the vertebrate animals of the northern United States, 5th ed., p. 337. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mountains of southeastern United States. Bison bison athabascae Rhoads. 1898. Bison bison athabascae RHOADS, Proc. acad. nat. Sci. Phila., (1897), p. 498. January 18, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Great Slave Lake, Mackenzie, Canada. Genus OVIBOS Blainville. 1816. Ovibos BLAINVILLE, Bull. soc. philom., p. 76. Type. — Bos moschatus ZIMMERMANN. The genus Ovibos has been removed from the typical Bovidae to form, together with the Asiatic Bovidae, the subfamily Ovibos (Matschie, Sitzungsber. der Gesellsch. naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, 1898, pp. 30-31.) Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann). 1780. Bos moschatus ZIMMERMANN, Geogr. Geschichte, n, p. 86. 1822. Ovibos moschatus Desmarest, Mammalogie, n, p. 492. 22 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 1885. Ovibos moschatus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Churchill River, Kewatin, Canada. Ovibos moschatus wardi Lydekker. 1900. Ovibos moschatus wardi LYDEKKER, Nature, LXIII, p. 157. December 13, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — East Greenland. Genus OVIS Linnaeus. 1758. Ovis LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 70. Type. — Ovis aries LINNAEUS. Ovis canadensis Shaw. 1804. Ovis canadensis SHAW, Naturalists' miscell., xv, p. 610. 1885. Ovis montana TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. Ovis canadensis MERRIAM, North Amer. fauna, no. 5, p. 81. July 30, 1891. TYPE LOCALITY. Interior of Canada. Ovis canadensis liardensis Lydekker. 1898. Ovis canadensis liardensis LYDEKKER, Wild oxen, sheep and goats of all lands, p. 215. TYPE LOCALITY. — Liard River, British Columbia, Canada. Ovis dalli (Nelson). 1884. Ovis montana dalli NELSON, Proc. U. S. national mus., vii, p. 12. June 3, 1884. Ovis montana dalli TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1897. Ovis dalli ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., ix, p. 112. April 8, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mountains south of Fort Yukon, Alaska. Ovis stone Allen. 1897. Ovis stone Allen ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., ix, p. 111. April 8, 1897. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. TYPE LOCALITY. — Headwaters of the Stikeen River, British Columbia, Canada, near Alaskan boundary. Altitude, about 6500 feet. Ovis nelsoni Merriam. 1897. Ovis nelsoni MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 218. July 15, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Grapevine Mountains, on boundary between California and Nevada, just south of lat. 37°. Genus OREAMNOS Rafinesque. 1817. Oreamnos RAFINESQUE, Amer. monthly magazine, 11, p. 44. November, 1817. Based on Mazama dorsata RAFINESQUE (=0vis montana ORD), M. sericea RAFINESQUE (=0vis montana ORD), and M. puda RAFINESQUE (a South American deer). Oreamnos kennedyi Elliot. 1900. Oreamnos kennedyi ELLIOT, Field Columb. mus., publication 46, zool. ser., in, p. 3. June, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mountains at mouth of Copper River, opposite Kyak Island, Alaska. Oreamnos montanus (Ord). 1815. Ovis montanus ORD, Guthrie's geography, 2d Amer. ed., p. 292 (described on pp. 309-310). 1885. Mazama montana TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 592. 1885. 1895. Creamnos montanus MERRIAM, Science, n. s., i, p. 19. January 4, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Cascade Range, near the Columbia River, in Oregon or Washington. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Suborder PEEISSODACTYLA. Family TAPIRIDAE. Genus ELASMOGNATHUS Gill. 1865. Elasmognathus GILL, Proc. acad. nat. sci. Phila., p. 183. Type. — Elasmognathus bairdii GILL. Elasmognathus bairdii GILL, Proc. acad. nat. sci. Phila., p. 183. 1885. Elasmognathus bairdii GILL, Proc. acad. nat. sci. Phila., p. 183. 1885. Elasmognathus bairdii TK UE, Proc. IT. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 593. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Isthmus of Panama. Elasmognathus dowii Gill. 1870. Elasmognathus dowii GILL, Amer. journ. sci. and arts, L, p. 142. 1885. Elasmognathus dowii TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 593. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Guatemala. Order GLIRES. Suborder SIMPLICIDENTATA. Family SCIURIDAE. Tullberg has recently published an elaborate work on the genera and families of rodents, entitled "Ueber das System der Nagethiere, eine phylogenetische Studie" (Nova acta reg. soc. scient. Upsala, in), xvin, fasc. n, sect. 2, 1900). In this he recognizes as families a number of groups which are usually considered of lower rank. The North American groups affected are the Cricetinae, Microtinae and Murinae, which he names , respectively, Hesperomyidae, Arvicolidae and Muridae. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Subfamily SCIURINAE. Genus SCIURINAE. 1758. Sciurus LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed., i, p. 63. Type. — Sciurus vulgaris LINNAEUS. Subgenus ECHINOSCIURUS Trouessart. 1880. Echinosciurus TROUESSART, Le naturaliste, ii, no. 37, p. 292. October, 1880. Type. — Sciurus hypopyrrhus WAGLER. * Sciurus aureogaster F. Cuvier. 1829. [Sciurus, by implication] aureogaster Y. CUVIER, Hist. nat. mammifres, vi, livr. LIX, pi. with text. September, 1829. (Binomial published at end of work only, vol. vn, table generale et methodique, p. 4, 1842.) 1885. Sciurus aureogaster TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. (Part.) TYPE LOCALITY. — "California" — really eastern Mexico (see Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 38, May 9, 1899). According to Canon xxxvm of the American Ornithologists' Union code, the name aureogaster is not tenable as published in 1829. Sciurus aureogaster hypopyrrhus (Wagler). 1831. Sciurus hypopyrrhus WAGLER, Oken's Isis, pp. 510-511. 1885. Sciurus hypopyrrhus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. ( 1899. Sciurus aureogaster hypopyrrhus NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 42. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mexico, probably in Vera Cruz. Revised by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, pp. 38-83. May 9, 1899. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Sciurus aureogaster frumentor Nelson. 1898. Sciurus aureogaster frumentor Nelson. 1898. Sciurus aureogaster frumentor Nelson. 1867. [Sciurus variegatits] poliopus FITZINGER, Sitzungsber. K. Akad. Wissensch. Wien, math.-naturw.  — Cerro San Felipe, State of Oaxaca, Mexico. Sciurus poliopus hernandezi (Nelson). 1898. [Sciurus albipes] hernandezi NELSON, Science, n. s., vin., p. 783. December 2, 1898. 1899. Sciurus poliopus hernandezi NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 48. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mountains 15 miles west of the city of Oaxaca, State of Oaxaca, Mexico. Sciurus poliopus nemoralis (Nelson). 1898. Sciurus albipes nemoralis NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 151. June 3, 1898. 1899. Sciurus poliopus nemoralis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 50. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Patzcuaro, State of Michoacan, Mexico. Sciurus poliopus cervicalis (Allen). 1890. Sciurus cervicalis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., in, p. 183. December 10, 1890. 1899. Sciurus poliopus cervicalis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 51. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Hacienda San Marcos, Tonila, State of Jalisco, Mexico. Sciurus poliopus colimensis (Nelson). 1898. Sciurus albipes colimensis NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 152. June 3, 1898. 1899. Sciurus poliopus colimensis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 52. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Hacienda Magdalena, State of CoHma,. Mexico. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 27 Sciurus poliopus effugius (Nelson). 1898. Sciurus albipes effugius NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Wash- ington, xn, p. 152. June 3, 1898. 1899. Sciurus poliopus effugius NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 54. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — High mountains west of Chilpancingo, State of Guerrero, Mexico. Sciurus nelsoni Men-lam. 1893. Sciurus nelsoni MERRIAM, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, vin, p. 144. December 29, 1893. TYPE LOCALITY. — Huitzilac, State of Morelos, Mexico. Sciurus nelsoni hirtus Nelson. 1898. Sciurus nelsoni hirtus NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Wash- ington, xn, p. 153. June 3, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Tochimilco, State of Puebla, Mexico. Sciurus colliaei Richardson. 1839. Sciurus colliaei RICHARDSON, Voy. H. M. S. Blossom, zool., p. 8. TYPE LOCALITY. — San Bias, State of Tepic, Mexico. Sciurus colliaei nuchalis Nelson. 1899. Sciurus colliaei nuchalis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 59. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Manzanillo, State of Colima, Mexico. Sciurus sinaloensis Nelson. 1899. Sciurus sinaloensis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 60. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mazatlan, State of Sinaloa, Mexico. Sciurus truei Nelson. 1899. Sciurus truei NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 61. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Camoa, Rio Mayo, State of Sonora, Mexico. Sciurus socialis Wagner. 1837. Sciurus socialis Wagner, Abhandl. math.-phys. Cl. k. bayerisch. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen, n, p. 504. TYPE LOCALITY. — Vicinity of Tehuantepec City, State of Oaxaca, Mexico. 28 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Sciurus socialis cocos Nelson. 1898. Sciurus socialis cocos Nelson. 1898. Sciurus socialis cocos Nelson. 1867. Macroxus griseoflavus GRAY, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 3d ser., xx, p. 427. December, 1867. 1878. Sciurus griseoflavus ALSTON, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 660. 1885. Sciurus griseoflavus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Guatemala. Sciurus griseoflavus chiapensis Nelson. 1899. Sciurus griseoflavus chiapensis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 69. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — San Cristobal, State of Chiapas, Mexico. Sciurus yucatanensis (Allen). 1877. Sciurus carolinensis var. yucatanensis ALLEN, Monogr. N. Amer. rodentia, p. 705. August, 1877. 1885. Sciurus carolinensis yucatanensis TUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1897. Sciurus yucatanensis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., ix, p. 5. February 23, 1897. TYPE LOCALITY. — Merida, Yucatan. Sciurus thorn asi Nelson. 1899. Sciurus thomasi Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 71. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Talamanca, Costa Rica. Sciurus adolphei (Lesson). 1842. Macroxus adolphei LESSON, Nouv. tabl. regne animal, mamm., p. 112. 1899. Sciurus adolphei NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 73. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Realejo, Nicaragua. Sciurus adolphei dorsalis (Gray). 1848. Sciurus dorsalis GRAY, Proc. zool. soc. London, p. 138. MILLER AND REHN : NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 29 1899. Sciurus adolphei dorsalis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 74. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — " Erroneously given as Caracas, Venezuela. (Specimens from Liberia, Costa Rica, are -typical.)" — Nelson. Sciurus boothiae Gray. 1843. Sciurus boothiae GKAY, List spec. mamm. Brit, mus., p. 139. TYPE LOCALITY. — Honduras. Sciurus boothiae belti Nelson. 1899. Sciurus boothiae belti NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 78. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY — Escondido River, fifty miles above Bluefields, Nicaragua. Sciurus variegatoides Ogilby. 1839. Sciurus variegatoides OGILBY, Proc. zool. soc. London, p. 117. TYPE LOCALITY. — Salvador, west coast of Central America. Sciurus managuensis (Nelson). 1898. Sciurus boothiae managuensis NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 150. June 3, 1898. 1899. Sciurus managuensis NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 81. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Managua River, Guatemala. Sciurus goldmani Nelson. 1898. Sciurus goldmani NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xii, p. 149. June 3, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Huehuetan, State of Chiapas, Mexico. Subgenus HESPEROSCIURUS Nelson.1 1899. Jlesperosciurus NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 27. May 9, 1899. Type. — Sciurus griseus ORD. i Revised by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., I, pp. 83-85. May 9, 1899. 30 PROCEEDINGS : BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. * Sciurus griseus Ord. 1818. Sciurus griseus ORD, Journ. de phys., LXXXVII, p. 152. 1885. Sciurus fossor TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1894. Sciurus griseus RHOADS, Arner. nat., xxvm, p. 525. June, 1894. TYPE LOCALITY. — The Dalles, Wasco County, Oregon. Sciurus griseus nigripes (Bryant). 1889. Sciurus fossor nigripes BRYANT, Proc. California acad. sci., 2d ser., n, p. 25. June 20, 1889. 1894. [Sciurus'] griseus nigripes RHOADS, Amer. nat. xxvm, p. 525. June, 1894. TYPE LOCALITY. Coast region of San Mateo County, California. Subgenus NEOSCIURUS -Troussart. 1880. Veosciurus TROUESSART, Le naturaliste, n, no. 37, p. 292. October, 1880. Type. — Sciurus carolinensis GMELIX. 1888. [Sciurus] carolinensis GMELIX, Syst. nat., i, p. 148. 1885. Sciurus carolinensis CAROLINensis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY, — Carolina. Sciurus carolinensis extimus Bangs, 1896. Sciurus carolinensis EXTRUS, Proc. biol, soc. Washington, x, p. 158. December 28, 1896. TYPE LOCALITY. — Miami, Dade County, Florida. Sciurus carolinensis fuliginosus (Bachman). 1838. Sciurus fuliginosus BACIIMAX, Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 97. 1895. Sciurus carolinensis fuliginosus BAXGS, Proc. Boston soc. nat. hist., xxvi, p. 543. July 31, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Near New Orleans, Louisiana. Revised by Bangs, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, X, pp. 153-159. December 28, 1896. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Sciurus carolinensis hypophaeus Merriam. 1886. Sciurus carolinensis hypophaeus MERRIAM, Science, vin, p. 351. April 16, 1886. TYPE LOCALITY. — Elk River, Sherburne County, Minnesota. Sciurus carolinensis leucotis (Gapper). 1880. Sciurus carolinensis var. leucotis ALLEX, Monogr. N. Amer. rodentia, p. 701. August, 1877. Sciurus carolinensis var. leucotis ALLEX, Monogr. N. Amer. rodentia, p. 701. August, 1877. Sciurus carolinensis var. leucotis ALLEX, Monogr. N. Amer. rodentia, p. 701. August, 1877. is TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Region between York and Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada. Subgeims OTOSCIURUS Nelson. 1899. Otosciurus NELSOX, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 28. May 9, 1899. Type. — Sciurus aberti WOODHOUSE. * Sciurus aberti WOODHOUSE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. Type LOCALITY. — Sciurus aberti WOODHOUSE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — San Francisco Mountain, Coconino County, Arizona. Sciurus aberti ferreus True. 1894. Sciurus aberti concolor TRUE, Diagnoses of new North American mammals, p. i. April 26, 1894. (Reprint: Proc. U. S. nat. mus., xvn, p. 241. November 15, 1894). 1900. Sciurus aberti ferreus TRUE, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xin, p. 183. November 30, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Loveland, Larimer County, Colorado. Sciurus durangi (Thomas). 1893. Sciurus aberti durangi THOMAS, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 6th ser., xi, p. 49. January, 1893. 1899. Sciurus durangi NELSOX, Proc. Washington acad. sciences, i, p. 85. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Cuidad ranch, one hundred miles west of Durango City, State of Durango, Mexico. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Subgenus TAMIASCIURUS Trouessart. 1880. Tamiasciurus TROUESSAET, Le naturaliste, n, no. 37, p. 292. October, 1880. Type. — Sciurus hudsonicus Erxleben. 1877. Sciurus vulgaris hudsonicus ERXLEBEN, Syst. regni anim., i, p. 416. 1885. Sciurus hudsonicus HUBSON, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. (Part.) 1894. Sciurus hudsonicus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., vi, p. 325. November 7, 1894. TYPE LOCALITY. — Hudson Strait. Sciurus hudsonicus gymnicus Bangs. 1899. Sciurus hudsonicus gymnicus Bangs. 1899. Sciurus hudsonicus loquax Bangs. 1896. Sciurus Hudsonicus loquax BANGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 161. December 28, 1896. TYPE LOCALITY. — Liberty Hill, New London County, Connecticut. Sciurus hudsonicus minnesota Allen. 1899. Sciurus hudsonicus minnesota Allen, Amer. nat., xxxm, p. 640. August, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Fort Snelling, Hennepin County, Minnesota. Sciurus hudsonicus dakotensis, Allen. 1894. Sciurus hudsonicus dakotensis, Allen. 1894. Sciurus hudsonicus baileyi Allen. 1898. Sciurus hudsonicus baileyi ALLEX, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 261. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. Altitude, 8400 feet. Received by Allen, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, pp. 249-298. July 22, 1898. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 33 Sciurus hudsonicus ventorum Allen. 1898. Sciurus hudsonicus ventorum ALLEX, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 263. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — South Pass City, Wind River Mts., Fremont County, Wyoming. * Sciurus hudsonicus richardsonii (Bachman). 1838. Sciurus richardsonii BACHMAN, Proc. zool. soc. London, p. 100. 1885. Sciurus hudsonicus richardsonii TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., x (1884), p. 595. 1885: 1898. Sciurus hudsonicus richardsonii ALLEX, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 265. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Head of Big Lost River, Idaho. Sciurus hudsonicus streatori Allen. 1898. Sciurus hudsonicus streatori Allen. 1890. Sciurus hudsonicus streatori Allen. 1890.  Bachman. 1838. /Sciurus douglasii BACHMAN, Proc. zool. soc. London, p. 99. 1885. /Sciurus hudsonius douglassi TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1898. Sciurus douglasii ALLEX, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 273. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Columbia River. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. Sciurus douglasii mollipilosus (Audubon and Bachman). 1841. Sciurus mollipilosus AUDUBON and BACHMAN, Proc. acad. nat. sci. Phila., i, p. 102. October, 1841. 1898. Sciurus douglasii mollipilosus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, x, p. 276. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Coast of northern California. Sciurus douglasii cascadensis Allen. 1898. Sciurus douglasii cascadensis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 277. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mount Hood, Oregon. Sciurus douglasii albolimbatus Allen. 1898. Sciurus douglasii albolimbatus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, x, p. 453. November 10, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Blue Canyon, Placer County, California. Sciurus douglasii mearnsi (Townsend). 1897. Sciurus hudsonius mearnsi TOWNSEND, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xi, p. 146. June 9, 1897. 1899. Sciurus douglasi mearnsi NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 87. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — San Pedro Martir Mountains, Lower California, Mexico. Altitude, about 7000 feet. Sciurus fremonti Audubon and Bachman. 1853. Sciurus fremonti AUDUBON and BACHMAN, Quad. N. Amer., in, p. 237. 1885. Sciurus hudsonius fremonti TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1890. Sciurus fremonti MEREIAM, North Amer. fauna, no. 3, p. 48. September 11, 1890. TYPE LOCALITY. — 'Rocky Mountains,' probably in the Park region of central Colorado. Sciurus fremonti neomexicanus Allen. 1898. Sciurus Fremonti neomexicanus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, x, p. 291. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. Rayado Canyon, Colfax County, New Mexico. Sciurus fremonti mogollonensis MEAKNS, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, n, p. 277. February 21, 1890. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 35 1890. Sciurus fremonti mogollonensis MERRIAM, N. Ainer. fauna, no. 3, p. 48. September 11, 1890. TYPE LOCALITY. — Quaking Asp settlement, summit of Mogollon Mountains, Arizona. Sciurus fremonti grahamensis (Allen). 1894. Sciurus hudsonicus grahamensis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., vi, p. 350. December 7, 1894. 1898. Sciurus fremonti grahamensis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., x, p. 292. July 22, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Graham Mountains, Graham County, Arizona. Subgenus AEAEOSCIURUS Nelson. 1899. Araeosciurus NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 29. May 9, 1899. Type. — Sciurus oculatus PETERS. Sciurus oculatus PETERS, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, p. 653. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mexico, probably near Las Vigas, State of Vera Cruz. Sciurus oculatus tolucae Nelson. 1898. Sciurus oculatus tolucae Nelson. 1898. Sciurus oculatus tolucae Nelson. June 3, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — North slope of the Volcano of Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico. Sciurus alleni Nelson. 1898. Sciurus alleni Nelson, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, xn, p. 147. June 3, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Monterey, State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Sciurus nayaritensis Allen. 1890. Sciurus nayaritensis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., n, p. vn, foot-note. February, 1890. TYPE LOCALITY. — Sierra Valparaiso, State of, Zacatecas, Mexico. 1 Revised by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., I, pp. 88-97. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Sierra Valparaiso, State of, Zacatecas, Mexico. 1 Revised by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., I, pp. 88-97. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Mountains of northwestern Ch. Huachua (near Bavispe River), Mexico. Sciurus arizonensis Coues. 1867. Sciurus arizonensis Coues, Amer. nat., i, p. 357. 1885. Sciurus arizonensis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885.  Subgenus PARASCIURUS Trouessart. 1880. Parasciurus TROUESSART, Le naturaliste, n, no. 37, p. 292. October, 1880. Type. — Sciurus niger LINNAEUS. Sciurus ludovicianus Custis. 1806. Sciurus ludovicianus CUSTIS, Barton's med. and phys. journal, n, pt. n, p. 47. 1885. Sciurus niger ludovicianus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Red River, Louisiana. Sciurus ludovicianus limitis (Baird). 1855. Sciurus ludovicianus BAIRD, Proc. acad. nat. sci. Phila., vii, p. 331. 1896. Sciurus ludovicianus limitis BANGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 149. December 28, 1896. TYPE LOCALITY. — Devil's River, Valverde County, Texas. Sciurus ludovicianus neglectus (Gray). 1867. Macroxus Delectus GRAY, Ann. and mag. nat. hist., 3d ser., xx, p. 425. December, 1867. Revised by Bangs, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, X, pp. 147-153. December 29, 1896. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. 1885. Sciurus niger cinereus TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. raus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1896. Sciurus ludovicianus vicinus BANGS, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 150. December 28, 1896. 1900. Sciurus ludovicianus neglectus NELSON, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, x, p. 170. October 31, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Wilmington, Delaware (see Nelson, Proc. biol. soc. Washington, XI, p. 170.) Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1758. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1759. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1760. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1761. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed Sciurus niger Linnaeus. 1762. [Sciurus] niger LINNAEUS, Syst. nat., x ed 1885. Sciurus niger niger TUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Probably southern South Carolina (the name is based on Catesby's black fox squirrel). Subgenus GUERLINGTJETUS Gray. 1821. Guerlinguetus GRAY, London med. repos., xv, p. 304. April, 1821. Type. — Sciurus guerlinguetus GRAY=/$c£wrwa aes-tuans LINNAEUS. * Sciurus aestuans hoffmanni Peters. 1863. Sciurus aestuans var. Jwffmanni PETERS, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, p. 654. 1885. Sciurus aestuans rufoniger, TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii (1884), p. 595. 1885. 1899. Sciurus aestuans hoffmanni NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 98. May 9, 1899. TYPE LOCALITY. — Costa Rica. Sciurus richmondi Nelson. 1898. Sciurus richmondi Nelson. 1885. Sciurus richmondi NELSON, Proc. Washington, xii, p. 146. June 3, 1898. TYPE LOCALITY. — Escondido River, fifty miles above Bluefields, Nicaragua. Sciurus variabilis morulus Bangs. 1885. Sciurus variabilis TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vn (1884), p. 596. 1885. Received by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, pp. 98-101. May 9, 1899. PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 1900. Sciurus variabilis morulus Bangs, Proc. New England zool. club, n, p. 43. September 20, 1900. TYPE LOCALITY. — Loma del Leon, Panama. Subgenus BAIOSCI URUS Nelson. 1899. Baiosciurus NELSON, Proc. Washington acad. sci., i, p. 31. May 9, 1899. Type. — Sciurus deppei PETERS. Sciurus deppei PETERS, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, p. 654. 1885. Sciurus deppei TRUE, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., vii. (1884), p. 595. 1885. TYPE LOCALITY. — Papantla, State of Vera Cruz, Mexico. Sciurus negligens Nelson. 1898. Sciurus negligens Nelson. 1898. Microsciurus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., vii, p. 332. November 8, 1895. Type. — 'Sciurus alfari ALLEN. Sciurus alfari ALLEN. 1895. Sciurus (Microsciurus) alfari ALLEN, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist, vii, p. 333. November 8, 1895. TYPE LOCALITY. — Jimenez, Costa Rica. 1 Revised by Nelson, Proc. Washington acad. sci., I, pp. 101-105. May 9, 1899. MILLER AND REHN: NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. Genus TAMIAS Illiger. 1811. Tamias ILLIGER, Prodr. syst. mam. et aviurn, p. 83. Type. — Sciurus striatus LINNAEUS. * Tamias striatus (Linnaeus). 