A history of Cuyahoga County and the City of Cleveland, (Vol. 2)
Coates, William R., 1851-1935
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ApP .1*^' "y %. 4F .*r^. ^ V %. 4p^ .' • aP » ** .4^ "% ”• * V Ay - v» 4^ - ^ <» -&P ‘ • VV •♦, '^A ,0^ Ri j-4^ •“ * o' • A V''^ a * ‘V ^ • <* A^ ♦ • ?,^V • 0* «r •*. O *-”* aP^ <=>t, 'o*** ''A,.. V* ;v ^ -^1 v^ oJXfo «i4 <> «» ’•p o^ * • « 0 * .0' -<}> 4? ^ , VO' :;^C!!!!^: VO • ^ '*^0 ©****♦ 0* • P * * 4 O 0 o 0 ’ 1 * *" * * * ^ ^O'tv 4^ ^ *4* -V ^ %,***. ’ ‘*"0^^ <A .t*o. <> O^ **!aL'4 <0^ *p*o^ O .■4P V .VIj^a'o -ib,. 3 » « 0 =>^*'7V.* ,P O A V-*^ ** • A '^ov ® • 4 A V VV • 4 4p o O *04 4* ,A <A ^ A^ 4 »• ' * 4 \0 6 * “ ® ♦ lA • p ' • 4 ''^ a: '>t. A ^A o ,4p^ 0! p^,v A* ,/V<^' O • » • aVx^ J ■ A • ‘ A<^ ... 'V*..* ^ V lO vl ^ V ^\p^^ .. \‘^•‘^p^^.. V^* / ,..\‘^'’\p^ %. a'' aP'^ .v4.*/a*o a'’ 0*^ A HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND THE CITY OF CLEVELAND BY WILLIAM R. COATES 11 Assisted by a Board of Advisory Editors HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATED VOLUME II PUBLISHERS THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY CHICAGO AND NEW YORK Copyright, 1924 BY The American Historical Society, Inc, w'*! * HQV 15 *24 t CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND THE CITY OF CLEVELAND Hon. Theodore Elijah Burton. Among the great public men of Ohio the distinction accorded to Theodore Elijah Burton, of Cleveland, is derived from his record in that exceptionally difficult field of statesmanship pertaining to finance and economics. In business circles as well as in politics, during the last fifteen or twenty years, he has carried an authority amounting to virtual leadership as an expert in finance as applied to the problems of Government and national administration. It was the good fortune of the nation that his home district in Cleveland returned him, after an absence of half a dozen years, to Congress in 1920 just when the country was going through a great business depression and needed most his experience and wisdom. Theodore Elijah Burton was born at Jefferson, Ohio, December 20, 1851. Jefferson was the old home of Joshua R. Giddings and Senator Ben Wade, while other men of national stature and fame came from the same section. It was a community well calculated to inspire high ideals in a boy. But Theodore Burton did not need to look outside his own family for such inspiration. He was of New England stock. His father. Rev. William Burton, was a highminded minister of the Presbyterian Church and held many pastorates in Southern and Eastern Ohio. In Southern Ohio, Rev. Mr. Burton was intimately associated with Rev. Thomas Woodrow and Rev. Joseph R. Wilson, grandfather and father, respectively, of Woodrow Wilson. Senator Burton’s mother was Elizabeth Grant, a distant cousin of the father of Gen. Ulysses Grant. Senator Burton’s people were in moderate circumstances. They could give him just enough advantages away from home to inspire his zeal and ambition to acquire more. As a boy he attended Grand River Institute at Austinburg, Ohio. When he was still only a boy he moved to Grinnell, Iowa, lived on a farm, and from the farm entered Grinnell College. Re¬ turning to Ohio, he graduated from Oberlin College in 1872, and owing to his special proficiency in the classics he remained as a tutor at Oberlin. While there he acquired a considerable knowledge of the Hebrew language 3 4 CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND and afterwards he familiarized himself with the French language. It is said that Senator Burton even to this day can quote entire pages from some the Latin authors. He studied law at Chicago with Lyman Trumbull, a contemporary and friend of Lincoln and for eighteen years United States Senator from Illi¬ nois. Mr. Burton was admitted to the bar at Mount Gilead, Ohio, July 1, 1875, and at once began practice at Cleveland with his cash capital of $150, which he had borrowed. Mr. Burton’s first public service was as a member of the city council ■of Cleveland. An associate in the council was Myron T. Herrick, later governor of Ohio and ambassador to France. It was characteristic of Mr. Burton that he did not accept the duties of city councilor lightly. In fact, he gained considerable distinction by his diligent study of municipal prob¬ lems and a thorough mastery of the question of city finance. It was some years later, and after he had acquired a secure position at the Cleveland bar that Mr. Burton was first elected to Congress. He was elected in 1888, and was associated with William McKinley in framing the McKinley Tariff Act of 1890. In the latter year he was defeated for reelection. He then resumed practice but in 1894 again became a candidate for Congress and defeated the late Tom L. Johnson. From 1895 until March 4, 1909, a period of fourteen years, Theodore E. Burton was continuously a member of the House of Representatives. Frequently no candidate was nominated in opposition to him. During much of this service he was a member and for ten years the chairman of the committee on rivers and harbors. He brought all the resources of a trained legal mind to the study of the vast and intricate problems that came before this committee for solution. From that study and work was evolved his reputation as the leading authority in the United States on waterways and river and harbor development. President Roosevelt appointed him first chairman of the Inland Waterways Commission and subsequently he was chairman of the National Waterways Commission. These commissions under the direc¬ tion of Mr. Burton published a series of reports which have become the standard library of waterway problems. Another subject to which Mr. Burton gave special attention while in the House was monetary and banking legislation. He was prominent in framing the Aldrich- Vreeland Emergency Currency Act, and was a mem¬ ber of the Monetary Commission and author of much of its exhaustive report on the subject of financial legislation and conditions throughout the world. His was one of the strongest influences, both in the House and later in the Senate, in shaping and strengthening the Federal Reserve Law. It would be impossible to describe in detail all his work while in the House of Representatives. But at least another point should be mentioned. One of the chief questions before the country at that time was the construc¬ tion of a canal linking the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. It will be recalled that a powerful contingent, headed by the late Senator Morgan, favored the construction along the Nicaragua route. Mr. Burton had made an exhaus¬ tive .study of both routes, and his presentation of data on the subject proved such a forceful argument for the Panama route that the House supported his contention by a large majority. In a single speech he afterwards changed the opinion of the House from favoring a sea level canal to one of lock type. THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 5 On March 4, 1909, Mr. Burton took his seat in the United States Senate. He was elected a member of that body after a spectacular contest with ex-Senator Joseph Foraker and Charles P. Taft. The reputation for sound wisdom he had made in the House preceded him into the Senate, and he at once became a leader in the debates and deliberations of that body. One measure championed by him in Congress, if none other, would make him a proper object of gratitude on the part of the American people. This was the Burton Law, the enactment of which prevents the spoliation of the beauty of Niagara Falls by private corporations. His support to other matters of the conservation of natural resources was always consistently and forcefully given. He fought against the ship purchase program of the democratic administration, and was especially powerful during the con-^ sideration of the tariff bills submitted while he was a member of the Senate. But more than all else he gained the approbation of right thinking citi¬ zens by his work in connection with waterways and other internal improve¬ ments. He took a firm stand for the application of business standards to the treatment of rivers and harbors and fought, both in committee and on the floor of the Senate, against the waste of public money by lavish appro¬ priations for streams which by nature or experience were found unfitted for practical use. Those who have followed the work of recent congresses will recall how by a singlehanded filibuster Senator Burton defeated the River and Harbor Bill of 1914. By that act he was credited with saving the Government the sum of more than $30,000,000. It required a speech seventeen hours long, during which he exposed the indefensible items con¬ tained in the measure. When, in the course of this speech, he said, “We must test Government projects by the same economic rules as a successful business concern would apply to its enterprise and investments,” Senator Burton foreshadowed the introduction of the budget system which has become a teacher of national administration under the Presidency of Mr. Harding. Declining to become a candidate for reelection Senator Burton retired from the Senate March 4, 1915. In 1916 the Ohio Republicans gave him their endorsement as a candidate for the republican nomination for presi¬ dent and he polled a substantial vote in the convention. On January 19, 1917, he accepted the post of president of the Merchants National Bank of New York City, though he did not change his legal residence from Cleveland. This bank was founded in 1803, and is the third oldest banking institution in the country. One of its founders was Alexander Hamilton with whom a student of history might link the political ideals of Theodore Burton in an interesting way. At an early date John Jacob Astor was a director of the bank, and Hamilton, Aaron Burr and A. T. Stewart were depositors. The New York Clearing Flouse was organized in its directors’ room in 1853. Mr. Burton remained president of the bank until January, 1919, and for a time afterwards was chairman of its board of directors. Mr. Burton was appointed a member of the executive Council of the Interparliamentary Union in 1904 and served the term allowed a member from the United States, to 1914. He was made a member of the executive committee in 1921. He has participated in meetings at St. Louis, London, Geneva, Paris, The Hague, Copenhagen and Berne. He was a delegate to the Republican National conventions of 1904, 6 CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND 1908, 1912 and 1924, making the nominating speech for Mr. Taft in 1908 and delivering the key note speech for the Convention of 1924. Shortly after Mr. Burton became head of this bank the United States declared war against Germany and he immediately interested himself in a heavy patriotic program, involving work as an adviser of the Government and the making of many addresses throughout the New York City Metro¬ politan District and in numerous military training camps. In July, 1919, Mr. Burton began a long trip abroad, lasting for seven months, in the course of which he was an interested student of conditions and affairs in Japan, China, the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. Especially marked was his reception as an eminent American political leader and financier in China and Japan. He met many prominent men in those countries, includ¬ ing Premier Hara of Japan, and Hsu-Shi’h-Chang, then president of China, and his immediate successor Li Yuan Hung, who became president of the republic in 1922. At Canton and Shanghai Mr. Burton was in close touch with Sun Yet Sen, the leader of the Southern faction of China, and was invited to address the Southern Parliament at Canton, an honor seldom bestowed upon foreigners. Soon after his return to Cleveland, Mr. Burton was made aware of the strong sentiment among citizens in favor of his returning to Congress. Yielding to this feeling he became a candidate and in November, 1920, was chosen by the Twenty-second District a member of the Sixty-seventh Con¬ gress by a majority of 60,000, and in ’November, 1922, was reelected for the Sixty-eighth Congress. Soon after returning to Congress Mr. Burton was appointed by Pres¬ ident Harding a member of the Debt Funding Commission, on which he is still serving. The other members of this commission are Secretary of State Hughes, Secretary of the Treasury Mellon, Secretary of Commerce Hoover and Senator Smoot of Utah. In the Sixty-seventh Congress as a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Mr. Burton took an active part in the resolutions for peace with Germany and to tender aid to the starving Russians. In the discussion of every financial question arising for the House his opinions were given great weight. In February, 1923, at the close of the Sixty- seventh Congress Mr. Burton brought forward in the House the bill pro¬ viding the plan for the settlements of the debt of Great Britain, involving the war loans of America to that country amounting to $4,600,000,000, and his bill was passed by the House by a majority of 291 to 44 votes. Mr. Burton has for many years, whether in public life or as a lawyer, been a student of business and monetary affairs. These studies have found expression in several books, including: “The Life of John Sherman,’' “Financial Crisis and Depressions,” “Corporations and the State,” and some “Political Tendencies of the Times and the Effect of the War Thereon.” In 1919 Mr. Burton was Stafford Little lecturer at Princeton University. He is a member of a number of social, civic and business clubs and organizations both in Cleveland and in the East. William Prescott. When practical, far-seeing men seek new homes either in their own or in another country, before cutting adrift from the old surroundings they have a definite harbor in view, selected for special THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 7 reasons, commercial or social, as the case may be. Thus when a certain English family bearing the old and substantial name of Prescott came to the United States in 1854, it was to Cleveland, Ohio, their steps were immediately turned, for in their native Somersetshire they had learned of this rapidly growing city, with its great building projects of canals, mills, factories and railroads already under way. To Robert Prescott, father of William Prescott, a broad field of business opportunity seemed offered. Thus Cleveland acquired a citizen whose business capacity and sterling character contributed to her progress and welfare for many years after¬ ward. William Prescott was born in Somersetshire, England, March 1, 1850. His parents were Robert and Mary (Webber) Prescott, the latter of whom died in his childhood. Robert Prescott came of sturdy old Somer¬ setshire ancestry. He was born there in 1821, and was thirty-three years old when he came with his family to Cleveland. A stonecutter and mason by trade, the building activities of the city soon gave him the opportuni¬ ties he had anticipated, and he prospered as a successful contractor and builder. William Prescott was four years old when the family came to Cleve¬ land, and in all essentials except the matter of birth belongs to this city and has always maintained his home here. After completing his public school course he attended Humiston’s Institute, and subsequently the Spencerian Business College of Cleveland. Well educated and with a natural leaning toward business life, he soon showed talent in this direc¬ tion, securing thereby the notice and confidence of men of affairs. In 1873 he became one of the organizers of the Cleveland Dryer Company, an integral part of what is now one of the great corporations of the country. When, in 1874, the Cleveland Dryer Company was incor¬ porated, Mr. Prescott was made vice president of the corporation and served in that capacity until 1899, when the Qeveland Dryer Company became a part of the merger which formed the American Agricultural Chemical Company. Mr. Prescott became a director of the new organiza¬ tion and accepted the management of the Cleveland branch, devoting him¬ self closely to his duties here until 1907, when he became vice president and a member of the executive board, with headquarters in New York City. He continued his active connection with the American Agricultural Chemical Company until 1922, when he practically retired from business. In the meanwhile Mr. Prescott had established his home and invested in property in Brooklyn Village, one of Cleveland’s beautiful suburbs, and for many years was a prominent factor in its progress and development. He served as mayor of Brooklyn Village for four years and as a member of the village Board of Education for three years. Mr. Prescott has never been ambitious politically, but as a faithful citizen has performed public duty at times and in 1895 and 1896 served on the City Council of Cleve¬ land. In 1888 he was one of the organizers and incorporators of the Brooklyn Savings and Loan Bank, and served as its president until he resigned in 1907, a period of nineteen years. Mr. Prescott married Miss Ella S. Groff, at Cleveland. Mrs. Prescott belongs to an old family of Syracuse, New York, where she was born. Mr. and Mrs. Prescott have two daughters and two sons: Pearl B., who 8 CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND is the wife of Carl Liljenstolpe, Mount Qemens, Michigan ; Robert W., who resides at Buffalo, New York; Ida M., who is the wife of George R. Henry, of Geauga County, Ohio ; and Charles G., of Cincinnati, Ohio. The Prescott family home is on Lake Avenue, Lakewood, Cleveland. Mr. Prescott is one of the oldest surviving members of the Chamber of Commerce, and few citizens have served it for a longer period, from 1883 until his resignation in 1923. He belongs to a group of able, public- spirited business men who have contributed much to the prosperity of this city through the substantial encouragement they have from time to time given to the establishment here of truly worthy enterprises, and charities, education and public morality have also come within the scope of their efforts. Mr. Prescott is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner, being a member of Lakewood Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; Oriental Commandery, Knights Templar; Lake Erie Consistory and A1 Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Cleveland Athletic Club, and also is a member of the Cuyahoga County Early Settlers Association ; the Chamber of Industry; Lakewood Chamber of Commerce; the Ohio Society of New York; and is trustee and vice president of Riverside Cemetery. Warren S. Stone, who maintains his home and official headquarters in the City of Cleveland, is grand chief of the International Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, a preferment that indicates alike his ability and his personal popularity. Mr. Stone was born at Ainsworth, Iowa, on the 1st of Eebruary, 1860, a date that gives evidence that his parents were pioneer settlers in the Hawkeye State. The genealogy of Mr. Stone traces back to Holland Dutch stock and also sterling ancestry in the north of Scotland. Solomon Stone, or Stein, which was the original spelling of the family name, came from Holland to the United States and settled in Ohio, whence he later re¬ moved to Indiana, where he passed the remainder of his life. His son John, father of him whose name introduces this review, was born in. Indiana, where he was reared to adult age and received the advantages of the schools of the locality and period. As a young man he made his way on a flat-boat down the Ohio River to its mouth, and thence voyaged on a small steamboat up the Mississippi River to Muscatine, Iowa. From that place he drove overland, a distance of thirty miles, to Washington County, where he pur¬ chased a tract of unimproved land, near Washington, the county seat. He reclaimed one of the productive farms of that section of Iowa, and continued to give his attention to farm industry during the remainder of his active career. He died at the age of eighty-four years, one of the venerable and honored pioneer citizens of the state to whose development he contributed his quota. His wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Stewart, was born near Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, her father, John Stewart, having there settled after coming to the United States from his native Scotland and having been a direct descendant in the line of the royal Stuart clan of Scotland. Mrs. Stone likewise attained to venerable age and her death occurred in Iowa when she was eighty-three years of age. After having gained practical discipline in connection with the work of the home farm and through the medium of the public schools of Washington THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 9 County, Iowa, Warren S. Stone advanced his education by attending Wash¬ ington Academy and later Western College, an excellent Iowa institution of learning. He was in his nineteenth year when he initiated his association with railroad operations. On the 27th of September, 1879, he entered the service of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad, in which he passed through grades of promotion in the operating department until, on the I2th of April, 1884, he was duly constituted a locomotive engineer and was given assignment to a run on that railway system. He made a record of effective service during the years of his active career as an engineer, and that he has gained and retained the confidence and esteem of his brother engineers needs no further voucher than his prolonged incumbency of the office of grand chief of the International Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, a position to which he was appointed in August, 1903, upon the death of and as successor of Grand Chief Arthur. At the meeting of the brotherhood, held in Los Angeles in the following year, he was regularly elected to this office ; on the 1st of June, 1912, he was reelected for a term of six years, and in 1918 he was again elected for a term of equal duration. It is needless to say that in this important office his administration has been most effective and acceptable. Mr. Stone was one of the organizers of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers Cooperative National Bank, Cleveland, the first institution of its kind in the United States, and he has served as its president from the time of its incorporation. Later the organization purchased the control of the Nottingham Savings & Banking Company, one of the old state charters. He also is in the Hammond State Bank of Hammond, Indiana, with the organization of which likewise he was associated. He further took part in the organization of the Transportation Brotherhood National Bank of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Federal Trust & Banking Company of that city. He is a director of each of these institutions, all of which are controlled by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. In order to gain proper representation of similar order in the East, the brotherhood recently acquired a large interest in the Empire Trust Company of New York, the intention being to establish ultimately a cooperative branch in the national metropolis. Mr. Stone is now a director also of the Empire Trust Com¬ pany. He is president of the Brotherhood Holding Company and also Brotherhood Investment Company. Mr. Stone for the organization erected the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers Building, one of the largest and finest office buildings in Cleveland, and on the opposite side of the same street he is now (spring of 1923) erecting the new Brotherhood of Loco¬ motive Engineers Building, a banking and office building of twenty-one stories and one that is of the most modern type in every particular. Mr. Stone, a man of many and great activities, is a member of the In¬ dustrial Peace Commission, which has the custody of the Nobel Peace Prize. He is a member also of the Roosevelt Memorial Association, is a life member of the International Longfellow Association, and is an active and valued member of the Cleveland Federated Industrial Association, be¬ sides which he holds membership in the Old Colony Club and City Club of this city. October 15, 1884, recorded the marriage of Mr. Stone to Miss Carrie E. Newell of Agency, Iowa, her father, L. F. Newell, having been a prominent 10 CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND breeder of short-horn cattle and Norman draft horses in Iowa. On the maternal side Mrs. Stone is a direct descendant of Hanna Paige Dustin of Vermont. William Louis Day. Soon after his appointment in 1908 as United States Attorney, Judge Day removed to Cleveland, and has since been a distinguished resident of this city. He is a native of Canton, Ohio, where the family has resided for fifty years. In the Ohio bench and bar the name Day has been one of the most distinguished through a period of four score years. Luther, founder of the Ohio family, was born at Granville, New York, July 9, 1813, of Revolutionary ancestry. The sudden death of his father stopped his education, and until he was twenty he worked to support the family. After his father’s debts were paid he began teaching as a means of defraying his college expenses. He remained three years as a student in Middlebury College of Vermont, but in 1838, while visiting his mother at Ravenna, Ohio, he decided to remain in this state, and began the study of law under Rufus P. Spalding. He was admitted to the bar October 8, 1840, in 1843 was elected prosecuting attorney of Portage County, and in 1851 was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas, serv¬ ing two terms. He was a democrat until the Civil war. Early in the war he was appointed judge-advocate general on the staff of General Todd, in 1863 was elected a member of the State Senate, and resigned in 1864 to become a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. He was reelected to the Supreme Bench in 1869, and was again a candidate in 1874, but was de¬ feated with the rest of the state republican ticket. In April, 1875, he became a minority member of the commission to revise the statutes of the state. In 1876 Governor Hays appointed him a member of the Supreme Court Commission, this being his last public service. He died at Ravenna in 1886. His wife, Emily Spalding, was a daughter of his preceptor. Judge Spalding, and a granddaughter of Zepheniah Swift, who in early times served as chief justice of the Supreme Court of Connecticut. Rufus P. Spalding was a member of the Ohio Supreme Court and of Congress. The late Judge William Rufus Day, a son of Judge Luther and Emily (Spalding) Day, was for a quarter of a century one of the ablest men in our national life, and his career belongs among great Americans as well as eminent Ohioans. He was born at Ravenna, Ohio, April 17, 1849, and as a boy in that community before and during the Civil war he was strongly impressed by the actions of men willing to work and die if need be for a principle or cause. He attended the public schools of Ravenna, was a stu¬ dent in the Academic and Law departments of the University of Michigan from 1866 to 1872, receiving his Bachelor of Science degree in 1870. The University of Michigan in 1898 conferred upon him the degree of Bach¬ elor of Laws, and he was similarly honored by other institutions. On being admitted to the bar in 1872 he began practice at Canton, where he and his associates gained a reputation second to none in the state. From 1886 to 1890 he was judge of the Court of Common Pleas. In 1889 President Harrison appointed him United States district judge for Northern Ohio, but on account of failing health he resigned before begin¬ ning his judicial duties. In March, 1897, his fellow townsman. President McKinley, called him to Washington as assistant secretary of state, and on THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 11 April 26, 1898, a few days after the outbreak of the war with Spain, he succeeded another Ohioan, John Sherman, as secretary of state. He ad¬ ministered the affairs of that great office practically throughout the Cuban war. In September, 1898, he was succeeded by John Hay, and then became chairman of the United States Peace Commission at Paris and negotiated the Treaty of Peace with Spain. In 1899 Judge Day was appointed United States Circuit Judge of the Sixth Circuit, and in February, 1903, President Roosevelt raised him to the rank and dignity of an associate justice of the Supreme Court. Judge Day served on the United States Supreme Bench nearly twenty years. As a jurist he was characterized as a “very conservative thinker, a man who abhors everything in the nature of ‘fireworks,’ studying out his conclusions with a calm mind and expressing his opinions with apparently a complete indifference to public clamor and superficial currents of sen¬ timent. Judge Day, while always absolutely frank in his utterances, pos¬ sesses that balance of faculties which makes him a safe and reliable counselor in every national crisis.” Judge Day resigned from the Supreme Bench, November 14, 1922, and for several months following he acted as umpire of the United States- Germany claim commission. For forty years he had been spending his summers at Mackinac Island, Michigan, and he died at his home there July '9, 1923. He is survived by two brothers, both eminent in the Ohio bar, David B. Day, who for many years was associated in practice with Judge Day, and also Robert H. Day, a justice of the Ohio Supreme Court. In 1875 Judge W. R. Day married Mary Elizabeth Schaefer, daughter •of Louis Schaefer, for many years a member of the Stark County bar. Mrs. Day died January 5, 1912, the mother of four children, William L. and Luther Day, of Cleveland ; Stephen A. Day, of Chicago, and Rufus S. Day, of Washington, D. C. William Louis Day, of Cleveland, was born at Canton, Ohio, August 13, 1876, was educated in public schools there, graduated in 1896 from Williston Seminary at Easthampton, Massachusetts, and studied law in his father’s alma mater, the University of Michigan, where he graduated in 1900. In the same year he began private practice at Canton, and for some time was junior member of the law firm of Lynch, Day & Day. He served two years as city solicitor of Canton. In March, 1908, under appointment from President Roosevelt, he began his duties as United States district attorney for the Northern District of Ohio, and on May 13, 1911, he was elevated to the United States District Bench. As most of his court duties were in Cleveland, he removed to this city and when he resigned from the bench. May 1, 1914, he resumed private practice as a member of the Cleve¬ land law firm of Squire, Sanders & Dempsey. At the present time he is a member of the firm of Day & Day. Judge Day has among his ancestors a number of the most distinguished men in the Ohio bench and bar, yet for all this heritage it is noteworthy that before he was forty years of age he had offices which are regarded as the crowning distinctions of the legal profession. In younger years he was a prominent leader in republican politics. Judge W. L. Day is a member of the Hermit, Nisi Prius, and Cleveland Athletic clubs, also the Union Club, the Country Club and the Big Ten Club. On September 10, 1902' 12 CUYAHOGA COUNTY AND he married Miss Elizabeth E. McKay, of Caro, Michigan, daughter of Hon. William McKay. The two children of Judge and Mrs. Day are : William R., born in 1904, and Jean Cameron, born in 1910. Hon. Henry A. Tilden has been a member of the Cleveland bar for thirty years, giving to his clients the benefit of his thorough training and strong natural gift as a lawyer. Mr. Tilden was born at Olmsted Falls, Cuyahoga County, the son of Henry O. Tilden, a native of New York State, and of English ancestors. His father coming to Ohio ^bout 1857, settled in Cuyahoga County, where in addition to farming he practiced his profession as veterinary surgeon. His wife was Miss Northrup, a daughter of Dr. Charles North- rup, who graduated from the medical department of Adelbert College, then at Hudson, but since a part of the Western Reserve University. He graduated in medicine in 1844, and practiced many years in Cuyahoga County. Dr. Charles Northrup married Julia Carter, daughter of a dis¬ tinguished pioneer of Cleveland, Lorenzo Carter. Henry A. Tilden, therefore, is a great-grandson of this frontier man whose life enters prominently into every historical chronicle of the founding and early days of Cleveland. Lorenzo Carter was born in Rutland, Vermont, acquired a good edu¬ cation, learned surveying and was also a millwright by trade. As a young man he explored much of the northwestern countries, and on one trip crossed the Ohio River at Cartersville, Kentucky. Daniel Boone com¬ missioned him to build a flour mill, this being one of the first mills in the Ohio Valley. After completing this work Lorenzo Carter pushed on through the wilderness to the Mississippi, thence to the shores of Lake Superior, and was in Canada late in 1796. In May, 1797, he arrived in Cleveland. In 1804 he was elected to office in the State Militia, and thereafter was known generally as Major Carter. He is described as more than six feet tall, of swarthy complexion, with long black hair and the muscular power of a giant. He was brave to the edge of daring, but amiable in temper and spirit. He had unbounded influence with the In¬ dians, who believed that he bore a charmed life and could not be killed. According to Howe’s history, during the summer and fall of 1798 nearly every person in the community was ill. Major Carter, though himself suffering from fever and ague, was able to employ his trusty hounds and his skill as a hunter to supply sufficient venison and other wild meats so that the sufferers did not starve. Major Carter died in 1811, when forty- seven years of age. At the time of his death he was said to have pos¬ sessed about 4,000 acres of land in Cuyahoga County. He had several men in his employ. One morning, when breakfast was called, a young man was found to be missing, and Major Carter at once started away in the direction he was said to have taken, and overtaking the employe, ordered him to return. On reaching home he told the man to go in and eat breakfast, and afterward called him out and said : ‘T owe you some money and here it is. Take it and go your way. Remember, no man will leave my employ until he has received his pay.” Many other curious stories are told in pioneer reminiscences concerning Major Carter. His ' 's-i ti- .->::/ .f-*. ^ i > . -^«: THE CITY OF CLEVELAND 13 wife was Rebecca Hawley, who died October 18, 1827, at the age of sixty-one. When Henry A. Tilden was a small child both his parents died, and he lived with his maternal grandparents. His grandmother told him many of the incidents of early days in and around Cleveland. On her death bed she exacted a promise from him that he would never use intoxicating liquors, and Mr. Tilden has kept his promise faithfully, never having used liquor or tobacco in any form. . He acquired his education in the public schools of Olmsted Falls and the Cleveland High School. He began the study of law in the office of Judge Noble, and also attended the University of Michigan. He was admitted to the bar in 1894, and since then has carried on a general practice in Cleveland, his offices being located in the Arcade. He has manifested a commendable interest in public affairs, and in 1900 was elected a member of the State Legislature on the republican ticket. In 1901 he married Ann Wetzel, a native of Cleveland and daughter of John and ’Adaline Wetzel. They have one son. Burton T., a graduate of the Glenville High School, who continued his education at the University of Chicago and is now connected with the firm of Hill, Joiner & Company, Chicago. Henry A. Tilden is a member of Halcyon Lodge, Masons, Hollywood Commandery, Knights Templar, and a member of the Second Presbyterian Church. 