Recommended python library/framework for local web app?
Django comes with a built-in web server that allows you to fully test your application locally (via localhost:8080 or something of the sort). As a matter of fact, I've used it more than once to run a complete web-application locally prior to deploying it to a server. I see no reason you can't use it for your own local web-app purposes. Although it may seem that Django is big and complex, this solution is self-contained and simple to run:

Install Django
Go through the great tutorial, which very soon shows you how to run the web-server
Write your code

That's about it. Deploying it to other machines is also simple to do, especially with something like virtualenv.
If you don't want a large web-framework at all, I'll have to join Greg's advice to use BaseHTTPServer. I've used it before for specialized local applications and it's working well, doing what's expected from it and not much more. It's a very flexible solution allowing you to build something quite custom if you need it.
I want to create a simple LOCAL web app in Python.
The web server and "back-end" code will run on the same system (initially, Windows system) as the UI. I doubt it matters, but the UI will be a typical webish combo of Google Chrome, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and jQuery.
There are a TON of Python-based web programming frameworks, but they all seem designed for building sophisticated, large-scale apps with lots of back-end infrastructure. I want the opposite: Something very simple, lightweight, and easily self-contained--just enough web server and framework to create/support a local web app.
Suggestions?