How can I incorporate Python scripts into my website? Do I need a framework?
If you are using only javascript and don't feel like a framework is the solution, you'd better rewrite your python script using javascript. These two languages have a lot in common and most of the stuff are transferable. Calling python from javascript would most likely not going to work that great. Again, unless you share your python script(which is encouraged in SO because text only question does not quite fit in here), all answers are opinion based.
I'm wondering if there's a good way for me to incorporate Python scripts into my current website. 
I have a personal website & my own server that I have been working with for a while. So far it's just been html / css / javascript. I have made a Python script in the past that uses another website's API to retrieve something that I would like to display on my website. I've only used Python from the terminal to take input and spit out results. Is there a way for me to run a Python script from javascript through Ajax to get some content back? 
I don't really want to use a framework like Django or Flask because I feel as though those are mostly for entire projects. I only want to use one Python script on one page for my website. Is this even something I should do? Any advice would be great.