I am learning Python because it appeals to me as a mathematician but also has many useful libraries for scientific computing, image processing, web apps, etc etc.  
It is frustrating to me that for certain of my interests (eletronic music or installation art) there are very specific programming languages which seem better suited to these purposes, such as Max/MSP, PureData, and ChucK -- all quite fascinating.
My question is, how should one approach these different languages? Should I simply learn Python and manage the others by using plugins and Python interpreters in them? Are there good tools for integrating the languages, or is the proper way simply to learn all of them?
This thread is a little old, but I wanted to point out that the majority of the mature audio development environments e.g. supercollider/max-msp/pure data can be controlled via open sound control. You can google up a better description of OSC, but suffice it to say that it allows you to send control data to synths built in these environments similar to how MIDI works, but way more extensive. This does not solve the problem of actually building synths in python per se but it allows you to "drive" these other environments without having to know the ins and outs of the language.
Synthesis of general programming language (Python) with tailored language (PureData/MaxMSP/ChucK)