With Python, I could get the name of the exception easily as follows.

run the code, i.e. x = 3/0 to get the exception from python
"ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero" tells me this is ZeroDivisionError
Modify the code i.e. try: x=3/0 except ZeroDivisionError: DO something

Is there any similar way to find the exception name with C++?
When I run the x = 3/0, the compiled binary just throws 'Floating point exception', which is not so useful compared to python.
If you want to know the name of the exception class, you could use RTTI. However, the vast majority of C++ code will throw an exception derived from std::exception.
However, all you get is the exception data contained in std::exception::what, and you can get the name of the exception class from RTTI and catch that explicitly if you need more information (and it contains more information).
How can I know the name of the exception in C++?