I'm not sure what to search for this.
I am writing a piece of code using python fire to create a command line interface.
python test.py function argument
is there a way to make the shell interpret the following like the command above:
test function argument
Similar to how I can just call jupyter lab and it will open a notebook etc.
I have a feeling this is more to do with setting up my bashrc or similar instead of something I can do in Python.
You're correct that it has to do with adding to your .bashrc. You want to set an alias.

Make sure your code has an appropriate shebang line at the top, ex. #!/usr/bin/python3
Add the following to .bashrc, ex. alias test=python3 /path/to/test.py

From there, you can use sys.argv in your code to handle arguments within the program.
Command line interface for python module