How can I read from and write to my Galaxy Nexus phone, using MTP over a USB cable in python?
I'm on a windows 7 computer.
One way to do this would be to install ADB (android debugging bridge, part of the SDK) and launch it as a child process from python.  ADB can be used to, among other things, read from or write to, an android device.
How to access an MTP USB device with python