I would like to write a program that will find bus stop times and update my personal webpage accordingly.
If I were to do this manually I would 

Visit www.calgarytransit.com
Enter a stop number. ie) 9510
Click the button "next bus"

The results may look like the following:

10:16p    Route 154
  10:46p Route 154
  11:32p    Route 154

Once I've grabbed the time and routes then I will update my webpage accordingly. 
I have no idea where to start. I know diddly squat about web programming but can write some C and Python. What are some topics/libraries I could look into?
As long as the layout of the web page your trying to 'scrape' doesnt regularly change, you should be able to parse the html with any modern day programming language.
Grabbing text from a webpage