In order to develop an Android app using Python, I need to install Python for Android and SL4A on my computer to be used with the Android emulator. My question is, when I distribute this app to actual users/phones, do the phones need to get Python for Android and SL4A explicitly? Or is the supporting infrastructure built into Android devices? Or is there a way to package the Python application where the users do not have to get SL4A and Python for Android in order to run the application?
Your users have to install SL4A and the language plugin (python?) on their phones, this is not a built-in functionality.
Since the source code is available, it's possible to create combined application, which includes your scripts and SL4A/python code, but in my opinion this defies the purpose of scripting in the first place.
Running a Python app on real Android phone