I have a dense set of points in the plane. I want them colored so that points that are close to each other have the same color, and a different color if they're far away. For simplicity assume that there are, say, 5 different colors to choose from. Turns out I've not the slightest idea how to do that ..
I'm using Tkinter with Python, by the way
I'd start with identifying the concentrations of the spots in the plane. Find the centers of those agglomerations and assign them each unique color. Then for other spots you could simply calculate the color using the linear principle. For example, if one center is red and the other is yellow, a point somewhere in the middle would become orange.
I'd probably use some exponential function instead of a linear principle. This will keep the point groups more or less of the same color only giving a noticeable color change to far away points, or, to be more exact, to far away and somewhere in between points.
Coloring close points