There are several methods that have been found to be beneficial for improving the memory of an old man:

1. **Cognitive exercises**: Cognitive exercises were associated with greater improvements on memory-related outcomes compared with memory strategies.

2. **Associative memory exercise**: Regular exercise of associative memory improves mental state.

3. **Aerobic exercise**: Aerobic exercise may enhance memory in older adults, with high-intensity interval training leading to the greatest memory performance compared with moderate continuous training and stretching control.

4. **Dual-task training**: Combining aerobic exercise and working memory training through dual-task training has been found to improve cognitive functions and alter neural systems in older adults.

5. **Anterior hippocampus exercise**: A randomized controlled trial found that aerobic exercise training increases the size of the anterior hippocampus, leading to improvements in spatial memory.

6. **Brain exercises targeting associative memory**: Brain exercises targeting associative memory have been found to be effective in improving memory in elderly individuals with no apparent sign of impaired cognition.

Therefore, a combination of cognitive exercises, aerobic exercise, and brain exercises targeting associative memory may be beneficial for improving the memory of an old man.
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