The rate of population growth in an open system is exponential. While modeling the earth as an open system and modelling human population as a simple population model is, well, simplistic, it is sufficient to understand why there are more babies born now than in the past. In an exponential system, the rate of growth increases with time. Thus, the larger the population, the faster the population grows.

It is easy to understand why population growth is exponential: creating a new member of the population requires two original members of the population. The birthrate is therefore dependent on the number of members in the population. Additional births increase the population size, which increases the birth rate.

Populations tend to follow this exponential model until they hit the carrying capacity of their environment; then, the growth rate slows.
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