A Turing machine is a theoretical model of a computing machine that was invented by the mathematician Alan Turing. It is a simple but powerful machine that is capable of performing any computation that can be performed by a modern computer.

A Turing machine consists of a tape divided into squares, each square containing a symbol from a finite set of symbols. The tape is read and written to by a read-write head that moves along the tape according to a set of rules or instructions. These rules are stored in a table, which specifies what action the machine should take based on the current symbol on the tape and the state of the machine.

The key quality that makes something a Turing machine is its ability to perform any computation that can be performed by a modern computer. This means that a Turing machine is capable of executing any algorithm or program that can be expressed in a formal language.

Another important quality of a Turing machine is its simplicity. The Turing machine is a simple machine with a small set of instructions and a small set of symbols. Despite its simplicity, it is capable of performing complex computations.

Turing machines are a theoretical construct and are not intended to be implemented in practice. However, they are useful in computer science and mathematics as a theoretical model of computation, and they have helped to establish the theoretical limits of what can be computed by a machine.
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