The speed of light is affected by the properties of the material it travels through. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (or about 186,282 miles per second), but it can slow down when it enters a material with a different refractive index.

For example, materials with a high density, such as diamond, will slow down light more than materials with a lower density, such as air. Similarly, materials with a complex molecular structure, such as crystals, can also affect the speed of light by causing it to scatter or diffract as it passes through the material.
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