In the late 18th century, there was a growing movement in England advocating humane treatment of animals. This movement also expressed itself in literary works such as Humphry Primatt's "The Duty of Mercy and the Sin of Cruelty to Base Animals" (1776), Thomas Young's "An Essay on Humanity to Animals" (1798), and John Oswald's "The Cry of Nature" (1791). After several unsuccessful attempts, a majority finally formed in favor of the law in 1822.
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