- in 2013, Snowden was hired by an NSA contractor, Booz Allen Hamilton
- on May 20, 2013, he flew to Hong Kong after leaving his job at an NSA facility in Hawaii
- in early June 2013, he leaked thousands of classified NSA documents to journalists
- On June 21, 2013, the USA unsealed charges against Snowden of two counts of violating the espionage act and theft of government property
- on June 23, 2013, he flew into Moscow where Russian authorities observed the canceled passport, and he was restricted to the airport terminal for over one month

Russia later granted Snowden the right of asylum with an initial visa for residence for one year, which was subsequently repeatedly extended
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