Instincts are encoded into the genetic code through the process of gene expression. Genes are made up of DNA, which contains the instructions for the sequence of proteins that the organism will produce. When a gene is expressed, the DNA is transcribed into a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) which contains a copy of the instructions for making a specific protein. This mRNA is then translated into a protein, which is responsible for the development of the organism's physical and behavioral traits. In some cases, these proteins can directly affect the behavior of the organism, such as in the case of instinctive behaviors.
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