Politicians, as public figures, are not given any privacy rights under the law regarding "the flow of truthful information which may be relevant to his qualifications for office.” This permits the circulation of any facts that may impact the choices of the electorate. In contrast, publicizing personal or embarrassing information about a private citizen to a large audience on the internet is harassment. However, in both cases, intentionally spreading false claims that are damaging is harassment.

A more obvious distinction is that opposition research never involves interrupting a victim's life through electronic or other means such as maliciously calling or messaging them when they do not wish to be contacted, repeatedly, and changing phone numbers when blocked.
spam fails_task lang_mismatch pii not_appropriate hate_speech sexual_content quality toxicity humor helpfulness creativity violence