Provided are an apparatus and method capable of applying transcranial magnetic stimulation and measuring a neural signal in real time. The apparatus for applying transcranial magnetic stimulation and measuring a neural signal, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a stimulation and measurement main body for providing a driving signal for transcranial magnetic stimulation and performing optical signal processing and analysis to measure the neural signal; and a stimulation and measurement module connected to the stimulation and measurement main body through electrical and optical paths, applying a magnetic stimulation signal to the driving signal, and measuring a neural signal by using a fiber photometric method. Here, the stimulation and measurement module may include a stimulation coil for applying the magnetic stimulation signal, and an optical fiber penetrating a core of the stimulation coil to measure the neural signal.
APPARATUS FOR APPLYING TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION AND MEASURING NEURAL SIGNAL AND METHOD THEREFOR