Effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on, for example, regions of the brain, are determined by synchronizing application of the VNS with functional magnetic resolution imaging (fMRI) scanning (figure 1). Parameters of the VNS application may be optimized using the fMRI images. Optimal dosage and protocols for the VNS application may be set based on the determined effects of VNS application on regional brain activity. Also, a blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) response of one or more brain regions to VNS application may be determined based on the fMRI images. VNS may also be used to treat neuropsychiatric diseases by mapping effects of VNS application on brain regions to regional effects of the neuropsychiatric disease. The change in effects of VNS application on the patient with continued use may be assessed based on long-term and repeated studies of effects of VNS application.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING EFFECTS AND OPTIMIZING PARAMETERS OF VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION