Methods, apparatus, and other embodiments distinguish disease phenotypes and mutational status using co-occurrence of local anisotropic gradient orientations (CoLIAGe) and Laws features. One example apparatus includes a set of circuits that acquires a radiologic image (e.g., MRI image) of a region of tissue demonstrating breast cancer, computes a gradient orientation for a pixel in the MRI image, computes a significant orientation for the pixel based on the gradient orientation, constructs a feature vector that captures a discretized entropy distribution for the image based on the significant orientation, extracts a set of texture features from the MRI image, and classifies the phenotype of the breast cancer based on the feature vector and the set of texture features. Embodiments of example apparatus may generate and display a heatmap of entropy values for the image. Example methods and apparatus may operate substantially in real-time, or may operate in two, three, or more dimensions.
Entropy-based radiogenomic descriptions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for molecular characterization of breast cancer