Described is a system for proactive and reactive cognitive control using a neural module. The system calculates, for each hypothesis of a set of hypotheses, a probability that an event will occur. The neural module comprises a plurality of neurons and includes the PC module, a prefrontal cortex (PFC) module, an anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) module, a locus coeruleus (LC) module, and a basal forebrain (BF) module. The set of hypotheses are related to tasks to be performed by a plurality of groups, each group having a corresponding hypothesis. For each probability, the system calculates a conflict value across all hypotheses with the ACC module, compares each conflict value to a predetermined threshold using the BF and LC modules. A determination is made whether to directly output the calculated probability or perform an additional probability calculation and output an updated probability.
Method and apparatus for proactive and reactive cognitive control using models of the anterior cingulate cortex and the neuromodulatory system