Disclosed are methods for treating pain in a subject. The method includes upregulating expression of opioid receptors in the subject's dorsal root ganglion or trigeminal neurons. Also disclosed are methods of treating neuropathic and/or chronic pain in a subject. The method includes upregulating expression of mu-opioid or delta-opioid receptors in the subject's dorsal root ganglion or trigeminal neurons.
Upregulation of opioid receptors for management