Three-dimensional electrical source imaging of electrical activity in a biological system (e.g., brain or heart) may involve sensor array recording, at multiple locations, of signals (e.g. electrical or magnetic signals) of electrical activity. An initial estimate of an underlying source is obtained. Edge sparsity is imposed on the estimated electrical activity to eliminate background activity and create clear edges between an active source and background activity. The initial estimate is iteratively reweighted and a series of subsequent optimization problems launched to converge to a more accurate estimation of the underlying source. Images depicting a spatial distribution of a source are generated based on the iteratively reweighted edge sparsity, and the time-course of activity for estimated sources generated. Iterative reweighting penalizes locations with smaller source amplitude based on solutions obtained in previous iterations, and continues until a desirable solution is obtained with clear edges. The objective approach does not require subjective thresholding.
System and method for assessing electrical activity using an iterative sparse technique