The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing depression via a bacterial metagenomic analysis, and more specifically, to a method for diagnosing depression by performing a bacterial metagenomic analysis using a sample derived from a subject so as to analyze the content increase/decrease of extracellular vesicles derived from specific bacteria. The extracellular vesicles, secreted from microorganisms such as bacteria, archaea, etc. present in the environment, may directly affect an inflammatory response by being absorbed in the human body, and early diagnosis of depression, characterized by inflammation, before symptoms appear is difficult, and thus the efficient treatment thereof is difficult. Thus, by preemptively predicting the risk for the onset of depression via the metagenomic analysis, according to the present invention, of extracellular vesicles derived from bacteria using a sample derived from a human body, depression risk groups may be diagnosed and predicted at an early stage so as to delay the time of onset or prevent the onset of depression through proper care, and early diagnosis may be possible even after the onset, and thus the incidence rate of depression may be lowered, and a therapeutic effect therefor may be increased.
METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING DEPRESSION VIA BACTERIAL METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS