['decisions.', 'That', 'preferred', 'methodology,', 'discussed', 'more', 'fully', 'in', 'Section', 'I.B', 'of', 'this', 'report,', 'is', 'usually', 'termed', 'willingness-to-pay,', 'and', 'is', 'based', 'typically', 'on', 'labor', 'market', 'studies', 'of', 'wage', 'variation', 'across', 'jobs', 'with', 'differing', 'riskiness.', 'While', 'this', 'procedure', 'has', 'not', 'led', 'OMB', 'to', 'endorse', 'a', 'particular', 'value', 'for', 'human', 'life,', 'our', 'interviews', 'with', 'staff', 'of', 'that', 'agency', 'indicate', 'they', 'they', 'would', 'generally', 'accept', 'regulations', 'that', 'cost', 'out', 'to', 'less', 'than', '$2', 'million', 'pet', 'life,', 'but', 'would', 'look', 'askance', 'at', 'regulations', 'that', 'required', 'expenditures', 'in', 'excess', 'of', 'that', 'figure.', 'The', 'regulatory', 'clearance', 'process', 'is', 'also', 'an', 'important', 'avenue', 'through', 'which', 'OMB', 'influences', 'agency', 'valuation', 'decisions.', 'Under', 'the', '1981', 'Executive', 'Order,', 'virtually', 'every', 'regulatory', 'proposal', '(from', 'any', 'agency', 'subject', 'to', 'Executive', 'Order', 'jurisdiction)', 'must', 'be', 'reviewed', 'by', 'OMB', 'at', 'two', '(or', 'more)', 'junctures', 'before', 'it', 'takes', 'effect.', 'Moreover,', 'Executive', 'Order', '12498,', 'issued', 'in', '1985,', 'provides', 'that,', 'for', 'all', 'important', 'contemplated', 'regulations,', 'agencies', 'are', 'to', 'consult', 'with', 'OMB', 'prior', 'to', 'beginning', 'work', 'on', 'their.', 'design,', 'and', 'out', 'of', 'that', 'consultative', 'process', 'emerges', 'an', 'annual', 'publication', 'of', 'Administration-endorsed', 'regulations', 'under', 'development.', 'Before', 'an', 'agency', 'publishes', 'a', 'covered', 'regulation', 'in', 'proposed', 'form', 'to', 'obtain', 'public', 'comment', '(even', 'those', 'too', 'minor', 'to', 'warrant', 'inclusion', 'in', 'the', 'Regulatory', 'Program),', 'it', 'must', 'secure', 'OMB', 'review.', 'At', 'this', 'point,', 'OMB', 'is', 'in', 'a', 'position', 'to', 'object', 'to', 'any', 'aspect', 'of', 'the', 'draft', 'proposal,', 'including', 'whatever', 'value', 'of', 'life', 'the', 'agency', 'may', 'be', 'utilizing', 'in', 'its', 'analysis', 'supporting', 'the', 'proposal.', 'On', 'occasion,', 'disagreement', 'over', 'this', 'value', 'reportedly', 'has', 'been', 'sharp', 'and', 'has', 'led', 'to', 'delay.', 'Under', 'certain', 'circumstances,', 'OMB', 'can', 'block', 'an', 'agency', 'from', 'proceeding', 'until', 'it', 'satisfies', 'OMB', 'that', 'the', 'proposal', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', "President's", 'regulatory', 'principles.', 'Finally,', 'before', 'an', 'agency', 'can', 'publish', 'any', 'regulation', 'in', 'final', 'form,', 'it', 'must', 'again', 'go', 'to', 'OMB', 'for', 'a', 'further', 'review', 'round.', 'Thus', 'OMB', 'has', 'ample', 'opportunity', '--', 'both', 'on', 'and', 'off', 'the', 'record', '--', 'to', 'communicate', 'its', 'views', 'to', 'the', 'regulatory', 'agency', 'on.', 'the', 'suitability', 'of', 'any', 'particular', 'value', 'of', 'life,', 'TI1700-1838']