['‘007540', '_', 'T', '87/5/3/7', 'Journal', 'of', 'Epidemiology', 'and', 'Community', 'Health,', '1987,', '41,', '21-25', 'Bina', 'ca', 'sees', 'if', '/3/', 'Ba', 'eyes', 'arene', '|', ' ', ' ', '”', 'Cc', 'Association', 'of', 'infant', 'alimentary', 'and', 'respiratory', 'illness', 'with', 'parental', 'smoking', 'and', 'other', 'environmental', 'factors', 'S', 'A', "OGSTON,'", 'C', 'DU', 'V', "FLOREY,'", 'AND', 'C', 'H', 'M', 'WALKER?', 'From', 'the', 'Department', 'of', 'Community', 'Medicine,’', 'and', 'the', 'Depariment', 'of', 'Child', 'Health?', 'Ninewells', "Hospital'and'", 'Medical', 'School,', 'Dundee', 'DDI', '9SY', 'SUMMARY', 'The', 'incidences', 'of', 'alimentary', 'and', 'respiratory', 'illnesses', 'were', 'observed', 'during', 'the', 'first', 'year', 'of', 'life', 'in', '1565', 'infants', 'born', 'in', 'Tayside', 'during', '1980.', 'Si', '  ', 'Hons.', '(9.5', '0:05)', 'were,', 'fou', 'between', 'each', 'of', 'these', 'outcomes', 'and', 'parental', 'smokings‘materna', 'SE', 'al', 'cnte', 'mecihed', 'of', 'ae', 'feeding,', 'and', 'heating', 'fuels.', 'Multiple', 'logistic', 'regression', 'indicated', 'a', 'significant', 'independent', 'effect', 'of', 'parental', 'smoking', 'was', 'related', 'separately', 'to', 'alimentary', 'and', 'to', 'respiratory', 'outcomes,', 'the', 'relative', 'risks', 'being', 'of', 'similar', 'strength.', 'Said', 'and', 'co-workers', 'were', 'the', 'first', 'to', 'report', 'an', 'association', 'between', 'parental', 'smoking', '.and', 'post:', 'prandial', 'colic', 'and', 'other', 'digestive', 'symptoms', 'in', 'infants.', 'In.', 'their', 'study', 'of', '253.3-month-old', 'infants,', 'mothers', 'were', 'asked', 'atia', 'routine', 'consultation', 'whether', 'the', 'child', 'eried', 'after', 'feeding', 'and', 'seemed', 'to', 'be', 'in', 'pain.', 'There', 'appeared', 'to', 'be.a', 'dose-response', 'relation', 'between', 'parental', 'smoking', 'and', 'reported', 'post-prandial', 'colic,', 'nising', 'from:', 'an', 'incidence', 'of', '34%', 'in', 'children', 'with', 'non-smoking', 'parents', 'to', '90%', 'in', 'children', 'where', 'both:', 'parents', 'smoked.', 'Children', 'with:', 'one', 'parent', 'who', 'smoked', 'had', 'an', 'intermediate', 'incidence.', ':', 'This', 'report', 'led', 'ws', 'to', 'examine', 'the', 'reported', 'alimentary', 'illness', 'among', 'infants', 'born', 'in', 'Tayside.', 'We', 'examined', 'disease', 'incidence', 'during', 'the', 'first', 'year', 'of', 'life', 'in', 'relation', 'to', 'several', 'potential', 'risk', 'factors', 'including', 'parental', 'smoking.', '.', 'Subjects', 'and', 'methods', 'The', 'data', 'were', 'gathered', 'as', 'part', 'of', 'the', 'Tayside', 'Infant', 'Morbidity', 'and', 'Mortality', 'Study.?', 'The', 'subjects', 'were', 'the', 'infants', 'of', 'primigravidae', 'who', 'had', 'made', 'an', 'initial:', 'booking', 'at', 'any', 'of', 'the', 'Tayside', 'antenatal', 'clinics', 'during', '1980.', 'Health', 'visitors', 'interviewed', 'the', 'parents', 'to', 'obtain', 'their', 'ages,', 'social', 'class,', 'ethnic', 'groups,', 'and', 'various', 'aspects', 'of', 'their', 'housing', 'and', 'accommodation', 'including', 'the', 'main', 'methods', 'of', 'cooking', 'and', 'heating.', 'Information', 'on', 'the', 'father’s', 'smoking', 'habits', 'and', 'of', 'the', 'mother’s', 'smoking', 'habits', 'during', 'pregnancy', 'was', 'obtained', 'at', 'the', 'first', 'antenatal', 'interview.', 'Further', '"', 'information.', 'on', 'her', 'smoking', 'during', 'pregnancy.', 'was', 'obtained', 'from', 'a', 'postnatal', 'questionnaire', 'completed', 'by', 'the', 'mother', 'while', 'in', 'hospital.', 'As', 'these', 'data', 'were', 'provided', 'by', 'only', '80%', 'of', 'the', 'mothers', 'and', 'there', 'was', '21', 'good', 'agreement', 'between', 'the', 'antenatal', 'and', 'postnata!', 'responses,', 'we', 'classified', 'smoking', 'according', 'to', 'the', 'former', 'source.', 'Current', 'data', '(unpublished)', 'for', 'Tayside', 'mothers', 'indicate', 'that', 'although', 'during', 'pregnancy', 'smokers', 'reduce', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'cigarettes', 'smoked,', 'few', 'abstain.', 'Among', 'families', 'with', 'smokers', 'we', 'found.no', 'trend', 'of', 'increasing', 'infant', 'morbidity', 'with', 'number', 'of', 'cigarettes', 'smoked', 'daily.', 'In', 'the', 'light', 'of', 'these', 'observations', 'we', 'categorised', 'the', 'parents', 'according', 'to', 'whether', 'or', 'not', 'they', 'smoked,', 'categories', 'which', 'could', 'be', '-', 'expected', 'to', 'remain', 'valid', 'during', 'and', 'after', 'pregnancy.', 'A', 'summary', 'record', 'was', 'completed', 'when', 'the', 'child', 'was', ']', 'year', 'of', 'age', 'and', 'included', 'a', 'report', 'on', 'the', "child's", 'nesses', 'during', 'the', 'first.', 'year', 'of', 'life', 'derived', 'from', 'observations', 'made', 'by', 'the', 'health', 'visitors', 'during', 'their', 'scheduled', 'visits', 'to', 'see', 'the', 'child.', 'A', 'paediatrician', 'verified', 'the', 'diagnostic', 'criteria', 'and', 'consistency:', 'Disease', 'incidence', 'was', 'defined', 'here', 'as', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'atleast', 'one', 'episode', 'ofiillness', 'recorded', 'by', 'the', 'health', 'visitor.', 'An', 'episode', 'of', 'respiratory', 'illness', 'was', 'defined-as', 'infection', 'of', 'the', 'upper', 'or', 'lower', 'respiratory', 'tract.', 'Alimentary', 'illnesses', 'were', 'mainly.', 'diarrhoea', 'or', 'vomiting,', 'or', 'colic.', 'The', 'separate', 'medica]', 'conditions', 'were.', 'not', 'recorded', 'for', 'the', 'collective', 'diagnoses', 'of', 'respiratory', 'and', 'alimentary', 'illness.', 'The', 'statistical', 'methods', 'used', 'included', 'chi', 'squared', 'for', 'contingency', 'tables,', 'with', 'partitioning', 'and', 'for', 'trend:', 'Multiple', 'logistic', 'regression', 'and', 'log-linear', 'models', 'were', 'fitted', 'using', 'the', 'computer', 'package', 'GLIM.?', 'Results', 'A', 'total', 'of', '1940', 'mothers', 'were', 'interviewed,', 'representing', 'over', '95%', 'of', 'the', 'mothers', 'of', 'first.', 'singleton', 'children', 'who', 'booked’', 'at', 'the', 'antenatal', 'clinics.', 'Thirty', 'of', 'the', 'S66c8EECOS', ' ']