[' ', 'and', 'lost', 'earnings', 'from', 'accidents', '(for', 'the', 'fire-related', 'injuries)', '.5,', 'The', 'total', 'estimated', 'health', 'care', 'costs', 'were', 'about', '$8.2', 'billion,', 'which,', 'according', 'to', 'their', 'calculations', 'represented', '7.8', 'percent', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'health', 'care', 'expenditures', 'in', 'the', 'U.S.', 'The', 'indirect', '‘costs', 'of', 'lost', 'earnings', 'amounted', 'to', '$6.2', 'billion', 'for', 'morbidity,', 'and', '12.9', 'billion', 'for', 'mortality.', 'Their', 'total,', 'including', 'property', 'Losses,', 'was', '$27.5', 'billion.', '§', ':', 'Then', 'HHS', 'Secratary', 'Joseph', 'Califano,', 'in', 'the', 'forward', 'to', 'the', '1979', 'Surgeon', "General's", 'report', 'on', 'smoking,', 'estimated', 'that', 'smoking', 'resulted', 'in', '$5-8', 'billion', 'in', 'health', 'care', 'expenses--2.5', 'to', '4', 'percent', 'of', 'the', "Nation's", 'health', 'care', 'costs', 'of', '$205', 'billion.', 'Lost', 'productivity,', 'wages,', 'and', 'absenteeism', 'due', 'to', 'smoking', 'related', 'illness', 'were', 'estimated', 'to', 'amount', 'to', '$12-18', 'billion.', '/sianey', 'Wolfe', 'estimated', 'the', 'morbidity,', 'mortality,', 'and', 'direct', 'health', 'care', 'costs', 'of', 'smoking', 'to', 'be', '$18.94', 'billion', 'in', '1976.', 'The', 'morbidity', 'costs', 'were', 'calculated', 'using', 'the', 'results', 'of', 'a', 'Department', 'of', 'Health,', 'Education,', 'and', 'Welfare', 'study', 'that', 'found', 'that', '19', 'percent', 'of', 'days', 'lost', 'from', 'work', 'were', 'related', 'to', 'smoking.', 'This', 'resulted', 'in', 'a', 'figure', 'of', '$2.96', 'billion.', 'To', 'this', 'he', 'eaded', '$1.18', 'billion', 'to', 'account', 'for', 'morbidity', 'among', 'those', 'unable', 'to', 'work,', 'for', 'a', 'total', 'morbidity', 'cost', 'of', '$4.14', 'billion.', 'Mortality', 'costs', 'and', 'direct', 'medical', 'care', 'costs', 'were', 'estimated', 'using', 'attibutable', 'risks', 'derived', 'from', 'a', 'National', 'Science', 'Foundation', 'report.', 'Mortality', 'costs', 'amounted', 'to', '$7.7', 'billion.', 'Direct', 'health', 'care', 'costs', 'were', 'estimated', 'to', 'be', '$.93', 'billion', 'for', 'cancers,', '$1.99', 'billion', 'for', 'cardiovascular', 'disease,', 'and', '$1.67', 'billion', 'for', 'respiratory', 'disease', 'in', '1972.', 'An', 'adjustment', 'for', 'the', 'increase', 'in', 'medical', 'costs', 'between', '1972', 'and', '1976', 'resulted', 'in', 'an', 'estimate', 'of', '$7.1', 'billion', 'for', '1976', '(Wolfe,', '1977).', '3', 'They', 'also', 'included', 'and', 'estimate’', 'of', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'property', 'lost', 'in', 'smoking-', 'related', 'fires.', 'Ineluding', '$176', 'million', 'for', 'property', 'costs', 'due', 'to', 'fires.', '16', ' ', ' ']