[' ', 'Is', 'Wt', 'really?', 'Such', 'ingredients', 'might', 'again', 'be', 'useful', 'as', 'another', 'desirable', 'top', 'note,', 'but', 'they', 'cer-', 'tainly', 'will', 'not', 'solve', 'the', 'complex', 'problem', 'of', 'tobacco', 'taste', 'with', 'the', 'same', 'perfection', 'with', 'which', 'a', 'synthelic', 'rose', 'works', 'in', 'cos-', 'metics', 'or', 'detergents,', 'or', 'a', 'syn-', 'thetic', 'raspberry', 'flavor', 'works', 'in', 'candips.', 'One', 'very', 'fundamental', 'difference', 'between', 'having', 'to', 'flavor-foodstuff', 'and', 'creating', 'an', 'acceptable', 'aroma', 'for', 'cigarettes', 'is', 'that', 'tobacco', 'is', 'not', 'a', 'neutrally', 'tasting', 'raw', 'material', 'to', 'be', 'turned', 'into', 'a', 'distinct', 'direction', 'of', 'taste,', 'like', 'a', 'candy-mass.', 'The', 'cigarette', 'industry', 'will', '(hopefully)', 'have', 'a', 'long', 'way', 'to', '.go', 'until', 'tobacco', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'source', 'of', 'protein', 'for', 'alimenta-', 'tion,', 'the', 'remeinings', 'being', 'treated', 'with', 'a', '“wonder', 'flavor”', 'to', 'make', 'a', 'cigarette.', 'First', 'moves', 'into', 'that', 'direction,', 'by', 'incorpo-', 'rating', 'man-made', 'smoking', 'mate-', 'tials', 'into', 'tobacco', 'blends,', 'were', 'not', 'encouraging', 'with', 'regard', 'to', 'acceptance', 'by', 'the', 'average', 'smoker.', 'It', 'is', 'interesting', 'to', 'note', 'that', 'the', 'only', 'growing', 'segment', 'of', 'the', '1980', 'West', 'German', 'cigarette', 'market', 'is', 'the', 'full', 'flavored', 'ciga-', 'vattes,', 'ytelding', 'around', '15', 'mg', 'of', '‘tar', 'by', 'international', 'standards.', 'It', 'definitely', 'seems', 'as', 'if', 'the', 'aver-', 'age', 'smoker', 'requires', 'a', 'certain', 'minimum', 'smoking', 'enjoyment', 'through', 'tobacco', 'flavor', 'and', 'im-', 'pact', 'for', 'the', 'money', 'spenl', 'on', '&', 'pack', 'of', 'cigarettes.', 'en', 'comparing', 'the', 'average', 'nicotine', 'and', 'condensate', 'delivery', 'of', 'cigarettes', 'in', '1960', 'with', '1980/81,', 'these', 'values', 'have', 'been', 'cut', 'into', 'less', 'than', 'half', 'in', 'the', 'last', 'twenty', 'years.', 'So,', 'the', 'tobacco', 'flavor', 'chemist', 'or', 'specialist', 'has', 'filled', 'the', 'gap', 'between', 'the', 'reality', 'of', '“safer”', 'smoking', 'and', 'the', 'desire', 'for', 'flavor', 'and', 'satisfaction.', 'Even', 'light', 'and', 'ultra', 'light', 'cigarettes,', 'yielding', '5', 'mg', 'of', 'tar', 'or', 'less,', '-are', 'available', 'to', 'smokers', 'concerned', 'with', 'physiological', 'effects', 'but', '‘who', 'still', 'require', 'reasonable', 'smoking', 'pleasure.', 'The', 'very', 'fundamental', 'achievements', 'in', 'making', 'ciga-', 'retles', 'safer', 'are', 'the', 'resulls', 'of', 'out-', 'standing', 'research', 'and', 'coordi-', 'nation', 'between', 'tobacco', 'chem-', 'ists', 'and', 'the', 'flavoring', 'industry.', 'The', 'other', '50%', 'It', 'would', 'seem', 'safe', 'to', 'guess', '30', 'TR—September,', '1981', 'that', 'eround', '§0', 'percent,', 'or', 'slightly', 'less,', 'of', 'all', 'cigarettes', 'pro-', 'duced', 'in', 'the', 'world', '(mainly', 'in', 'North', 'America,', 'parts', 'of', 'Europe', 'and', 'Asia)', 'benefil', 'from', 'advances', 'made', 'in', 'tobacco', 'science.', 'So,', 'it', 'will', 'be', 'interesting', 'to', 'look', 'at', 'the', 'other', '$0', 'percent', 'and', 'discuss', 'its', 'defense', 'against', 'attacks', 'from', 'Health', 'and', 'Economic', 'forces.', 'a', 'a,', '“What', 'can', 'modern', 'casings', 'and', 'flavor', 'considerations', 'do', 'for', 'manufacturers?”', 'teal', 'True,', 'pressure', 'from', 'anti-', 'smoking', 'and', 'health', 'groups', 'may', 'not', 'yet', 'be', 'very', 'strong', 'in', 'e', 'num-', 'ber', 'of', 'countries', 'in', 'Latin', 'America', 'or', 'in', 'Arabia,', 'Africa', 'and', 'Asia,', 'but', 'it', 'would', 'be', 'advantageous', 'for', 'local', 'cigarette', 'producers', 'to', 'be', 'prepared', 'for', 'it.', 'Economic', 'forces,', 'at', 'least,', 'through', 'increasing', 'prices', 'for', 'premium', 'tobaccos,', 'ave', 'already', 'hit', 'every', 'single', 'cigarette', 'manufacturer', 'in', 'the', 'world', 'without', 'exception.', 'Governments', 'in', 'some', 'Asian', 'and', 'South', 'American', 'tobacco', 'produc-', 'ing', 'countries', 'with', 'a', 'national', 'cigarette', 'industry—monopolies', '-or', 'private', 'enterprises~have', 'been', 'restricting', 'tobacco', 'imports', 'in', 'favor', 'of', 'locally', 'grown', 'leaf,', 'and', 'almost', 'every', 'cigarette', 'manu-', 'facturer', 'will', 'have', 'to', 'consider', 'how', 'to', 'cut', 'leaf', 'purchasing', 'costs,', 'which', 'might', 'include', 'the', 'usage', 'of', 'tobacco', 'stems', 'which', 'were', 'formerly', 'discarded.', 'lt', 'should', 'also', 'be', 'quite', 'correct', 'to', 'state', 'that', 'approximately', '50', '_', 'percent', 'of', 'the', 'world’s', 'cigarette', 'production', 'does', 'nol', 'meet', 'inter-', 'national', 'standards', 'for', 'smoking', 'quality,', 'even', 'if', 'local', 'taste', 'prefer-', 'ences', 'are', 'taken', 'into', 'consid-', '“eration.', 'Manufacturing', 'proce-', 'dures', 'and', 'formulations', 'of', 'cas-', 'ings', 'and', 'flavors', 'in', 'many', 'of', 'these', 'cigarette', 'factories', 'originated', 'In', 'the', '“SOs', '...', 'even', 'the', '‘30s,', 'even', 'though', 'tobaccos', 'changed', 'a', 'lot', 'from', 'the', '“good', 'old', 'times”', 'and', 'smokers', 'have', 'been', 'educated', 'with', 'regard', 'to', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'internationally', 'acceptable', 'ciga-', 'rette', 'brands', 'and', 'are', 'demanding', 'these', 'brands.', 'What', 'can', 'modern', 'casing', 'and', 'flavor', 'considerations', 'do', 'for', 'these', 'manufacturers?', 'They', 'could', 'make', 'cigaretles', 'tasle', 'as', 'if', 'better', 'tobaccos', 'are', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'blend', 'by', 'protecting', 'what', 'liule', 'natural', 'aroma', 'the', 'tobacco', 'deliv.', 'ers,', 'and', 'by', 'reducing', 'harshness', 'and', 'irritation', 'give', 'the', 'smoker', 'a', 'reasonably', 'clean', 'and', 'pleasant', 'smoke', 'along', 'with', 'maximum', 'pos-', 'sible', 'satisfaction.', 'without', 'dis-', 'tinclive', 'non-tobacco', 'notes.', 'Tobacco', 'flavor', 'experte', 'The', 'tobacco', 'industry', 'in', 'these', '‘countries', 'offer', 'a', 'great', 'challenge', 'to', 'tobacco', 'flavor', 'experts', 'to', 'assist', 'in', 'fundamental', 'quality', 'improve-', 'ment.', 'There', 'will', 'be', 'very', 'few', 'efficient', 'research', 'divisions', 'to.', 'collect', 'data', 'from', 'and', 'there', 'will', '-.', 'be', 'the', 'good', 'old', 'rivalries', 'between', 'leaf', 'blenders', 'and', 'chemists.', 'It', 'should', 'benefit', 'cigarette', 'pro-', 'ducers', 'in', 'many', 'countries', 'of', 'Latin', 'America,', 'Africa.', 'Arabia', 'and', 'Asia', 'if', 'they', 'considered', 'the', 'potential', 'resulting', 'from', 'a', 'closer', 'cooperation', 'with', 'flavor', 'com-', 'panies', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'improve', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'its', 'tobacco', 'products.', '‘Flavor', 'industry', 'services', 'are', 'as', 'versatile', 'as', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'com-', 'panies', 'offering', 'flavoring', 'maie-', 'rials.', 'Tobacco', 'companies', 'may', 'demand', 'almost', 'any', 'service', 'from', 'them:', 'participation', 'in', 'monopo-', 'lies’', 'tenders,', 'for', 'instance,', 'or', 'good', 'salesmanship', 'for', 'an', 'isolated', 'or', 'compounded', 'flavor-', 'ing', 'material.', 'Some', 'flavor', 'houses', 'offer', 'full', 'insider-cooperation', 'which', 'includes', 'suggestions', 'for', 'the', 'modification', 'of', 'tobacco', 'blends;', 'for', 'the', 'suitable', 'casing', 'treatment', 'and', 'tailoring', 'of', 'top', 'flavorings:', 'and', 'for', 'the', 'selection', 'of', 'paper', 'porosity,', 'filter', 'reten-', 'tion', 'and', 'perforations,', 'if', 'desired.', 'Rather', 'than', 'allocating', 'tenders', 'for', 'the', 'supply', 'of', 'old-fashioned', 'casing', 'and', 'flavoring', 'raw', 'mate-', 'rials,', 'some', 'local', 'tobacco', 'produc-', 'ergs', 'and', 'monopolies', 'in', 'those', 'countries', '“producing', 'the', 'other', '50', 'percent', 'of', 'the', 'world’s', 'ciga-', 'rettes”', 'would', 'be', 'well', 'advised', 'to', 'allocate', 'a', 'competition', 'for', 'quality', 'improvement', 'of', 'their', 'cigarettes.', 'asking', 'the', 'flavor', 'industry', 'to', 'assist.', 'This', 'should', 'not,', 'certainly.', 'be', 'considered', 'an', 'invitation', 'to', 'change', '“a', 'winning', 'horse",', 'i.e.', '10', 'change', 'anything', 'in', 'a', 'good', 'selling', 'cigaretle.', 'But,', 'any', 'lobacco', 'prod-', 'ucts', 'manufacturer', 'has', '“suffer-', '52003', '7079']