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Can urinary exosomes act as treatment response markers in prostate cancer?

Mitchell, Philip J., Welton, Joanne L., Staffurth, John Nicholas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-3172, Court, Jacquelyn, Mason, Malcolm David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1505-2869, Tabi, Zsuzsanna and Clayton, Aled ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-9226 2009. Can urinary exosomes act as treatment response markers in prostate cancer? Journal Of Translational Medicine 7 (4) , n/a. 10.1186/1479-5876-7-4

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Abstract

Background Recently, nanometer sized vesicles (termed exosomes) have been described as a component of urine. Such vesicles may be a useful non-invasive source of markers in renal disease. Their utility as a source of markers in urological cancer remains unstudied. Our aim in this study was to investigate the feasibility and value of analysing urinary exosomes in prostate cancer patients undergoing standard therapy. Methods Ten patients (with locally advanced PCa) provided spot urine specimens at three time points during standard therapy. Patients received 3–6 months neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy prior to radical radiotherapy, comprising a single phase delivering 55 Gy in 20 fractions to the prostate and 44 Gy in 20 fractions to the pelvic nodes. Patients were continued on adjuvant ADT according to clinical need. Exosomes were purified, and the phenotype compared to exosomes isolated from the prostate cancer cell line LNcaP. A control group of 10 healthy donors was included. Serum PSA was used as a surrogate treatment response marker. Exosomes present in urine were quantified, and expression of prostate markers (PSA and PSMA) and tumour-associated marker 5T4 was examined. Results The quantity and quality of exosomes present in urine was highly variable, even though we handled all materials freshly and used methods optimized for obtaining highly pure exosomes. There was approx 2-fold decrease in urinary exosome content following 12 weeks ADT, but this was not sustained during radiotherapy. Nevertheless, PSA and PSMA were present in 20 of 24 PCa specimens, and not detected in healthy donor specimens. There was a clear treatment-related decrease in exosomal prostate markers in 1 (of 8) patient. Conclusion Evaluating urinary-exosomes remains difficult, given the variability of exosomes in urine specimens. Nevertheless, this approach holds promise as a non-invasive source of multiple markers of malignancy that could provide clinically useful information.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)
Publisher: BioMed Central
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 30 March 2016
Last Modified: 20 May 2023 20:33
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/31939

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