Help:IPA/French Article

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents French pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

English approximations are in some cases very rough and intended to give only a general idea of the pronunciation. See French phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds. For information on how to convert spelling to pronunciation, see French orthography.

French has no word-level stress so stress marks should not be used in transcribing French words. See here for details.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b bon about
d deux, grande today
f faire, vif festival
ɡ garçon, longue again
k corps, avec sky
l laisser, possible, seul loo
m même moo
n nous, bonne no
ɲ gagner, champagne canyon
ŋ camping, bingo [1] camping
p père, groupe spy
ʁ regarder, nôtre [2] Guttural R, roughly like Scottish English loch
s sans, ça, assez sir
ʃ chance shoe
t tout, thé, grand-oncle sty
v vous, wagon, neuf heures vein
z zéro, raison, chose zeal
ʒ jamais, visage measure
Semivowels
j fief, payer, fille, travail yet
w oui, loi, moyen, web, whisky wet
ɥ huit, Puy like a simultaneous wet and yet
Vowels [3]
Oral vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
a patte, là trap
ɑ pâte, glas [4] bra
e clé, les, chez, aller, pied, journée hey
ɛ baie, faite, mettre, renne, crème, peine best
ɛː fête, mtre, mètre, reine, rtre, caisse, presse, Lemaistre, Lévesque [4] fairy
ə reposer, monsieur, faisons [5] again (often elided, see e muet)
i si, île, régie, y bee
œ sœur, jeune roughly like bird
ø ceux, jner, queue roughly like bird
o saut, haut, bureau story
ɔ sort, minimum off
u coup, roue too
y tu, sûr, rue roughly like few
Nasal vowels
ɑ̃ sans, champ, vent, temps, Jean, taon roughly like on, nasalized [ ɒ] or [ ɑ]. rendez-vous
ɛ̃ vin, impair, pain, daim, plein, Reims, synthèse, sympa, bien roughly like man; nasalized [ æ] or [ ɛ]
œ̃ un, parfum [4] roughly like burn; nasalized [ œ]
ɔ̃ son, nom roughly like long; nasalized [ o] or [ ɔ]
Suprasegmentals
IPA Example Description
. pays [pe.i] [6] syllable boundary
les agneaux [lez‿aˈɲo] liaison [7]

Notes

  1. ^ In European French, / ŋ/ is often pronounced [ŋɡ], but in Québec, it is merged with /ɲ/.
  2. ^ The French rhotic /ʁ/ is usually uvular, but it varies by region. For example, in Québec both [ r] and [ ʀ] are used, depending on both region and age.
  3. ^ Nasal vowels are lengthened before any consonant, but oral vowels are lengthened before [v, ʁ, z, ʒ].
  4. ^ a b c In Parisian French, /œ̃/ is usually merged with /ɛ̃/, /ɑ/ with /a/ and /ɛː/ with /ɛ/. The pairs may be distinguished in Belgian, Swiss and Canadian French and in some regions of France or among older speakers.
  5. ^ /ə/ is frequently pronounced as [ ø]. See e muet for more information.
  6. ^ The syllable break ⟨.⟩ is used sparingly.
  7. ^ In liaison, the latent final consonant is pronounced before a following vowel sound, but s and x are voiced and pronounced [ z], and d is unvoiced and pronounced [ t].

External links
{"cc_re__cc_re__cc_by_sa_3_0_en": ["                <a href=\"http://webot.org/\">HOME</a> &bull;\n                            <a href=\"http://webot.org/en/news.php\">NEWS</a>\n                        </div>\n<!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------>\n                        \n<div id=\"result\">\n    <span style=\"font-family:arial black; font-size:2em\">HELP:IPA FRENCH ...</span><hr/>\n\n\n<!--#2a-->\n\n\nSource:&nbsp;<em>WIKIPEDIA</em>&nbsp;(<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC</a>)<br/></span><h2></h2><!--#1a-->\t\t<div id=\"mw-page-base\" class=\"noprint\"></div>\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-head-base\" class=\"noprint\"></div>\n\t\t<div id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t\n<a id=\"top\"></a>\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div><div class=\"mw-indicators mw-body-content\">\n</div>\n<b><em id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">Help:IPA/French</em></b> Article<br/><br/>\t\t\t<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\""]}