ancient latin 
### Query ###
ancient latin 

### Source ###
**linguas_classicas_de_adiantos **
Adolpho  Coelho  de  declarar  que  tomou  por  guia  a  Max  Mtiller:  «It
was  Burnouf  who,  by  means  of  bis  knowledge  of  Sanskrit  and  Com-
parative  Grammar,   deciphered   for  the   first  time  the  very  words  of

the  founder  of  the  ancient  religion  of  light His  premature  de ath

will  long  be  mourned  ».    Science  pf  Language,  1^,  pag.  193.]

2  Por  linguas  classicas  entendo  o  que  se  entende  commummente  —
0  grego  e  o  latim.  «  Man  ist  gewohnt  das  Griechische  und  Lateìnische
die  classischen  Sprachen  zu  nennen  ».  (Curtius,  Erlàuterungen  zu
meiner  griechischen  Schulgrammatih ,  2*  ed.,  Praga,  1870,  pag.  1). —
Eenan  diz,  é  certo  {Histoire  des  langues  semitiques,  t.  I,  4»  ed.,  p.  443):
«  Il  est  inexact  de  donner  à  la  dénomination  de  classique  un  sens
absolu  et  de  la  restreindre  à  un  ou  deux  idiomes,  comme  si  c'était  par
un  privilége  essentiel  et  résultant  de  leur  nature  qu'ils  fassent  prédes-
tinés  à  fair  e  l'éducation  de  tous  les  peuples  ».  Mas  os  que  applicam
a  outras  linguas  esse  qualificativo  —  ao  francés,  por  exemplo,  comò
Egger,  ou  ao  sanskrito,  comò  Eichhoff  —  fazem-n-o  por  uma  especie  de
permissào  de  que  se  reputam  obrigados  a  pedir  venia  :  «  ...  Telle  n'est
j^as  .la  tàche  qui  nous  est  dévolue  dans  ces  legons  consacrées  à  une
étude  speciale,  laquelle  concerne  avant  tout  le  frangais,  le  latin,  le
grec,  langues  classiques,  auxquelles  nous  ne  pouvons  cependant  hésiter
d'en  adjoindre  une  autre,  le  sanscrit  ».  (Eichhoff,  Cours  libre  de  gram-
maire  et  de  philologie  comparée^  discours  d'ouverture,  Paris,  1864,
pag.  10).  —  «  Par  cette  dénomination  (langues  classiques)  nous  enten-
dons,  non-seulement  le  grec  et  le  latin  qui  sont  depuis  longtemps  en
possession  de  ce  titre ,  mais  encore  le  sanskrit,  auquel  on  ne  peut
manquer,  selon  nous,  de  le  donner  un  jour,  dans  l'enseignement  secon-
daire,  comme  il  l'a  déjà  dans  l'enseignement  supérieur  ».  (  A.  de  Caix
de  Saint- Aymour ,  La  Question  de  l'enseignement  des  langues  classi-
ques ^et   des  langues  vivantes,  Paris,  1866,  pag.  11).


**DB-ITA-TRP-24W-3400 **
Fita^ 24 Wìes from Trapani^ population 3400^ near
Cape S; Vito. It is supposed that on its sjlte stood the
ancient Citì^allus, li was taken by Junitis after the capture
of Eryx who placed a garrison ot 3000 men in the fortress
called Acellus of whicn some Ye$tiges are left^ neàf Cape
Carfano 9xt springs èf siilphureous water, ^



t L



% , J



lOì



JOURNET FROM TRAPANI



TO PALERMO.
Colonnetta
Calatafime
Alcamo •
Borghetto
Palermo



• • •



Posts 1


1.
'/.
1.
'A


1.
V.
2.
2.
8.
V.
Miles
12
13
11
16
16

68



The dislance between tbese towns is 68 miles over
a camage road. From Trapani to Colonnetta the distance
18 12 miles and thenoe there are 13 miles to

Calatafimi , population 8300. This town , sitaated
between two hills , was built hj the Saraceos , probahly
on the ruins of the ancient Longaricom From òilatafiiùi
to Segesta the distance is three miles.


**MICHELANGELO_DIGNITY_309 **
MICHELANGELO'S  SENSE  OF  DIGNITY.  309


rence.  Perhaps  you  know  nothing  about  it  ;  still
we  ought  not  to  rob  ourselves  of  what  God  gave  us."
The  same  feeling  runs  through  the  letters  he  wrote
Lionardo  about  the  choice  of  a  wife.  One  example
will  suffice:1  "I  believe  that  in  Florence  there  are
many  noble  and  poor  families  with  whom  it  would
be  a  charity  to  form  connections.  If  there  were  no
dower,  there  would  also  be  no  arrogance.  Pay  no
heed  should  people  say  you  want  to  ennoble  your-
self, since  it  is  notorious  that  we  are  ancient  citizens
of  Florence,  and  as  noble  as  any  other  house."

Michelangelo,  as  we  know  now,  was  mistaken  in
accepting  his  supposed  connection  with  the  illus-
trious Counts  of  Canossa,  whose  castle  played  so
conspicuous  a  part  in  the  struggle  between  Hilde-
brand  and  the  Empire,  and  who  were  imperially  allied
through  the  connections  of  the  Countess  Matilda.
Still  he  had  tradition  to  support  him,  confirmed  by
the  assurance  of  the  head  of  the  Canossa  family.
Nobody  could  accuse  him  of  being  a  snob  or  par-
venu. He  lived  like  a  poor  man,  indifferent  to
dress,  establishment,  and  personal  appearances.  Yet
he  prided  himself  upon  his  ancient  birth  ;  and  since
the  Simoni  had  been  indubitably  noble  for  several
generations,  there  was  nothing  despicable  in  his
desire  to  raise  his  kinsfolk  to  their  proper  station.
Almost  culpably  careless  in  all  things  that  concerned
his  health  and  comfort,  he  spent  his  earnings  for  the
welfare  of  his  brothers,  in  order  that  an  honourable

1  Lettere,  No.  ccx.,  date  February  [,  1549.
LIFE  OF  MICHELANGELO.


**DITC-DARE-1630-12MO **
Dictys  Cretensis  de  bello  Trojano,  et  Dares  Phrygius  de  exci-
dio  Trojae,  cum  notis  ad  Dictym.  Amsterodami  1630,  12mo.
parvo.  E'  opinione  che  questi  due  istorici  abbiano  scritto  in  gre-*
co,  e  che  dobbiamo  la  traduzione  latina  di  Ditte  a  Settimio  Ro¬
mano,  e  quella  di  Darete  a  Cornelio  Nepote.
■ - Idem  opus.  Amstelodami  1631,  12mo.  parvo.
- — Ditte  Candiotto,  et  Darete  Frigio  della  guerra  Tro-

jana,  tradotti  per  Thomaso  Porcaechi,  il  quale  v’ha  ag¬
giunto  l’ordine  che  s’ha  da  tener  nella  concateriation  del¬
le  historie,  ece.  Vinetia,  Giolito  1570,  4to.  Vi  sono
ìnnollre  tre  declamazioni  di  Libanio  Sofista,  e  le  vite  di  tutti
gli  Storici  antichi  greci.  Primo  anello  della  collana  greca.
Series  Ptolomseorum  Regum  iFgypti.  Romae  1724.  Oltre  le  ef¬
figie  dei  re,  vi  stanno  alcuni  cenni  delle  loro  vite.  E'  unita
questa  serie  a  quella  dei  Patriarchi,  Duci  ecc.  ebrei,  che  va  sotto
il  nome  di  Gaio.
A  vindication  of  Homer  and  of  thè  ancient  poets  and  historians
who  bave  recorded  thè  siege  and  fall  of  Troy.  By  J.  B.  S.
Mokritt,  Esq.  York  1798,  4to.  Con  stampe.
Mémoires  sur  l’Egypte  ancienne  et  moderne.  Par  M.  D’Anvil-
le.  Paris  1766,  4to.
Vedi  pili  innanzi  l'Istoria  dell' Egitto.
Histoire  des  Amazones  anciennes  et  modernes,  enrichie  de  Médail -
les  par  M.  l’Abbé  Guyon.  Paris  1740,  12mo.
Antiguedad  maritima  de  la  Republica  de  Cartago.  Por  D.  P.  Ro-
driguez  Campomanes.  Madrid  1756,  4to  parvo.  Con  due
carte.  Extat.  E1  Periplo  de  Hannon  traducido  del  Griego
k  ilustrado.  Col  testo  greco  a  fronte.
[  95  ]

5.  Storia  Greca.
Ahriani  Nicomediensis  Expeditionis  Alexandri  libri  septem,  et
historia  Indica  ex  Bonav.  Vulcani  interpretatione  latina.
Opera  Jacobi  Gronovii.  Grasce  et  latine .  Lugd.  Bat.  1704  v
Fol.  parvo.


**humanitarianism_vs_economics **
On  the  other  hand,  when  we  see  a  people,  such  as  the
English  of  the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries,
professing  a  religion  eminently  humanitarian,  and  yet
introducing  slavery  into  their  American  colonies,  and
there  maintaining  it,  as  soon  as  the  economic  advan¬
tage  of  the  capitalist  class  required  it,  we  are  bound

to  recognize  how  illusory  it  is  to  count  on  collective

<»>

idealities  as  effective  social  forces  ;  it  also  shows
what  a  mistake  it  would  be  to  attribute  the  disap¬
pearance  of  slavery  in  the  ancient  Roman  world  to
the  Christian  ideality  of  the  human  brotherhood.


**DB-ID-1620-RabbinoStmone **
III.  Sentente  e Parabole  de'  Rabbini  raccolte  dal  Rabbino  Stmone  figliuolo  di  Gamaltcle  ,e
tradotti  in  Italiano  da  Filippo  et  Aquino  ec-  In  Parigi  per  Roberto  Stefano  1620.  in  16.
IV.  Difcoun  du  T abernacle , & du  Camp  dei  IfraHitet.  A Pari 1 chezTh.  Blaife  1623.  in  4.
V.  Explications  l iter  alee  allègortquei , (j  morale  1 du  T abernacle  que  Dieu  or  donna  a Mafie  ,
dei  Habits  dei  preftret,  & de  la  fa  fon  qu’on  confultoit  le  Rational  en  la  lot  ancienne,  ensemble
de  Informe  dei  Sacrifica  Judaiquct  ec.  avec  un  Difcoun  du  Camp  dei  Ifr  aulita  & la  defeription
da  Prierreriei  du  Rational  du  gran  prcflre  ajoutez  a la  fin  pour  le  feconde  Edition  revue  par
lAuteur . A Parti  aux  dépent  de  tAuteur  1824.  in  4.
VI.  Interpretation  de  tArbre  de  la  Cabale,  enrechy  de  fa  figure  ùrèe  dei  Ancient  Auteun  Hè-
breux.  A Parii  aux  di  peni  de  CAuteur  \6iq.  in  8.
VIL  D>cl tonar tum  Hebrao  - Chaldeo  - T halmudico  - Rabbìnicum  . Parifiir  apud  Vitray
1629.  in  foglio.
Vili.  Bechinat  Olam , ou  t Examen  du  Monde,  de  Rabi  Jacob \ Sentencet  Morata  dei  ancient
Hebreux,&  lei  trtizje  moda  dei  quell  ili  fefervojent  pour  interpréter  laBible . A Parii  chezjean
Lacquehay  1629.  in  8.
IX.  Lacryma  in  obitum  Illujlrijfimi  Cardinola  de  Betulle  . Pariftit  apud  Joannem  Bejfin
1629.  in  8.
tO  Bayle  , DiRientirt  Critiqut  all’Articolo  Aquin  (Philippe  d’-).

### Analysis ###
The query pertains to "ancient Latin," focusing on the study and historical context of classical languages, particularly Latin. The references provided span a range of topics from the influence of ancient languages in modern linguistics to specific historical and philological studies. The most relevant references for answering the query include:

1. **linguas_classicas_de_adiantos** - This text discusses the concept of "classical languages" and their significance, mentioning both Greek and Latin.
2. **DB-ID-1620-RabbinoStmone** - This source contains references to ancient Hebrew interpretations and texts that are useful for understanding the broader context of ancient languages.
3. **humanitarianism_vs_economics** - This reference provides historical context on the influence of humanitarian ideals, which indirectly relates to the socio-cultural impact of Latin.

Other references like **DB-ITA-TRP-24W-3400** and **MICHELANGELO_DIGNITY_309** seem less directly related to the core topic of ancient Latin but might provide additional context or tangential insights.

### Answer ###
The term "ancient Latin" often refers to the Latin language as it was used during the Roman Republic and early Empire periods, considered by many to be the classical form of the language<ref name="linguas_classicas_de_adiantos">"Por linguas classicas entendo o que se entende commummente — o grego e o latim."</ref>. Classical Latin is often contrasted with other dialects of Latin that evolved over time, such as Vulgar Latin and Late Latin.

The study of classical languages, including Latin and Greek, has a long tradition in education due to their perceived philosophical and cultural value<ref name="linguas_classicas_de_adiantos">"Il est inexact de donner à la dénomination de classique un sens absolu et de la restreindre à un ou deux idiomes."</ref>. This approach to language learning has been influenced by scholars like Burnouf, who used comparative grammar to decipher ancient texts<ref name="linguas_classicas_de_adiantos">"It was Burnouf who, by means of his knowledge of Sanskrit and Comparative Grammar, deciphered for the first time the very words of the founder of the ancient religion of light."</ref>.

Latin played a significant role in the development of European scholarship and law, as evidenced by its influence on legal systems and academic traditions<ref name="DB-ID-1620-RabbinoStmone">"Difcoun du T abernacle , & du Camp dei IfraHitet."</ref>. The language's enduring legacy can also be seen in the way it shaped religious and philosophical thought, as well as its adoption into Christian liturgy and theology<ref name="DB-ID-1620-RabbinoStmone">"Bechinat Olam , ou t Examen du Monde, de Rabi Jacob."</ref>.

The relationship between language and social structures is further illustrated by examining how ideals of humanitarianism have intersected with economic interests, as seen in the historical context of slavery in ancient Rome<ref name="humanitarianism_vs_economics">"when we see a people, such as the English of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, professing a religion eminently humanitarian, and yet introducing slavery into their American colonies."</ref>. This highlights the complex interplay between linguistic and socio-economic factors throughout history.

In conclusion, the study of ancient Latin is not just about the language itself but also about understanding its cultural, educational, and societal impacts. The enduring relevance of classical languages reflects their role in shaping human thought and civilization<ref name="linguas_classicas_de_adiantos">"Man ist gewohnt das Griechische und Lateìnische die classischen Sprachen zu nennen."</ref>. 