FRIDAY
(TELEGRAPHIC)
HARDING SOON TO APPOINT
A PORTION OF HIS CABINET
Marion. Oh»o. Dec. 23 —Senator
Harding Intimated in an Interview thii
afternoon that he will shortly name a
portion of his cabinet personnel. He
suggested that the names to be expect
ed first will be those of Secretary of
State and Secratary of the Treasm>
Many here believe that former Jus
tice Charles E. Hughes Is stated for
the post of Secretary of State.
RUSSION COMMUNISTS
SEEK DEPORTATION
New York. Dec. 23—Twenty three
Communists, including many Russians
today surrendered themselves to the
authorities at Ellis Island for depor
tation to Russia.
VOLSTEAD LAW VIOLATOR
SENT TO PEN
Ran Francisco. Dec. 23—Harry R.
Kola ski. the master mind of a care
fully planned conspiracy to violate the
Volstead anti liquor act. was today
sentenced in the Federal courts to
serve two years on McNeil’s Island.
KLU KLUX KLAN MAKES
MYSTEROUS APPEARANCE
Jacksonville. Fla,' Dec. 23—Two
hundred alleged members of the TClu
Klux Klan paraded the streets of
Jacksonville last night for some at
present mysterious reason.
The pamders were all disguised in
white caps, masks and gowns and the
procession was headed by a herald
bearing a flaming cross.
No explanation was given regarding
the reason for the strange procession.
PONZI SENDS XMAS
GREETINGS TO VICTIMS
Roston, Dec. 23—Ponzi. whose sen
sational manipulations in foreign ex
chaJiges resulted in his arrest on a
charge of using the mails to.defraud,
•today sent from Plymouth Jail his
Christmas greetings to his thousand
odd creditors.
The letter urged them to be of good
cheer regarding his obligation to them
and was written on expensive engrav
ed bond paper.
SUMMONS rON PUBLICATION
In the District Court for the Territory
orf Alaffkn, Second Division.
CHARLES A. TO GEL.
PlaiatifP,
PHY CREEK DREDGING COMPANY,
a corporation. AL. NICHOl^JON
and J. C. BROWN.
Defendants.
THE PRESIDENT OF Hffi UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA
PRY CREEK DREDGING COMPANY,
a corporation, and J. C. BROWN,
defendants above named.
GREETING
You and each of you are hereby
si$nanoned and required to appear and
answer the complaint of the plaintiff
on file in the Office^of the Clerk of
said Court in the City ©TNome, Second
XMvision, Territory of Alaska, within
thirty (30) days fi-om the date of the
service of this summans upon you, that
is. within thirty days after the com
idotfion of the publication of this sum
mons. or judgment for want thereof
will be taken a' Unet you. And you
are hereby r<.lifted that if you fWI to
answer said complaint the plaintiff
will apply to the Court for the relief
demanded therein.
This is an action to recover Judg
ment against. t'He defendants to fore
close certain Hens held by and arfsi.T'
ed to plaintiff against the “Belleview
Dredge" and placer claim No. 11 be
low on Dry Greek, situated in the Cape
Nome Mining and Recording Preclncf
Territory of Alaska, and to recover *he
sum of 11.736.50, together With legal
Interest thereon, attorney fee*- and
costs of suit, as will more fully appeal
from the complaint on file herein.
The date of the order for the publi
cation of thd» summons is Xovemhei
20th 1»20.
The date of the first publicatl -r
thereof Is November 20th 1920. and th«
date of the last .publication is Jannnrj
1st 1921, and the time within wMel
said defendants are required to np
pear and answer said complaint. l<
»ithfn thirty days after the said Isi
day of January. 1921. .
WITNESS the HON. WILLIAM A
TTOLZHEIMER, Judge of the Plstric
. Court for the Territory of Alaska. Sec
ond Division. and the seal of said Cour
hereunto affixed nt Nome, this 260
day of November 1126.'
the Territory of Alaska, Secant
SKAL) wT* C?*' McGUIRE
Deputy. Clerk.
i,u^lish~^-Nov. 20. 27, Dee. 4, 11, 1
25. 1920. Jan. 1, 1921
GEORGE 8AY8 BRITISH
IMMIGRATION IMPERATIVE
Txmdon, Dec. 23—Premier Lloyd
George. In a speech in the House of
Commons today, said the unemploy
ment situation has become so serious
that It has made the immigration ot
many persons from England to over
seas dominions absolutely Imperative.
N. V POLICE HUNT BANDITS
IN ARMORED AUTO’S
New York. Dec. 22—Aimed with
repeating rifles, twenty picked sharp
shooters pf the New York Police de
partment have been detailed to hunt
down the numerous bandits operating
here. The police details are employ
ing armored cars In their search for
the bandits.
HOUSE IMPOSES TARIFF
ON FARM PRODUCTS
Washington, Dec. 23—By a ma
Jorlty of one hundred and ten votes,
the House of Representatives tonight
passed the bill designed to help tte
farmers by placing a high tariff on a
number of farm products, especially
flour, wheat, potatoes, corn, rice,
beans, peas, bean oil. cattle, sheep.
The measure is expected to relieve
the farm situation by preventing the
importation of foreign products. It is
known, however, that the upper house
of congress is not wholly in sympathy
with the measure and the bill is ex
]>ected to meet with violent opposition
OREGON SENATOR
CRITICALLY ILL
Washington. Dec. 23—Senator
George E. Chamberlain of Oregon, is
critically ill here.
ALLIES TO CONSIDER REVISION
OF TURKISH TREATY
Paris. Dee. 23—The premier's of
Britain, France and Italy will meet
December 28 at either Nice of Orcan
nes to consider a possible revision of
the Allied peace treaty with Turkey,
it was announced today.
CHICAGO ATTAINS HIGHEST
CRIME RECORD
Chicago. Dec. 23—The past forty
eight hours, the city authorities as
serted this morning, have been the
most lawless in the history of the city
with an appalling number of murder*
;uul highway robberies occuring dur
ing that period.
YUKON SALMON
FISHING PROHIBITED
Wusington. Dec. 22—Salmon fish
ing in the Copper, Kusk.gwim and
Yukon rivers and within fi*'e hundred
yards of the mouth of the two latter
streams is absolutely prohibited aftet
September 1. 1921 undei an oidor is
need today by Secrcto v of Comiinerre
Alexander. Fish! .g fo* local use riViy
be permitted on the Kuskokwim and
Yukon rivers, Imt not for canning pur
poses, after the date specified. The
order also directs that no fishing for
salmon shall be permitted above the
mouth of Bering River after the date
mentioned.
The order is the result of the
Bureau of Fisheries hearings held re
cently in Alaska and Seattle.
NEW BANTAM CHAMPION ARISES
New York, Dec. 23—Joe Lynch .»f
this city tonight won the bantam
weigh* championship of the world from
former champion Pete Herman by a
decision in the fifteenth round of th*1:1
contest in Madison Square Garden.
BIG TREASURY
DEFICITS FORECASTED
Washington, Doc. 23—A deficient1.'
for the present fiscal year amounting
to $2,100,000,000 and a deficiency of
fifteen hundred million for the next
fiscal year, were forecasted today i»v
'Secretary of the Treasury Houston in
testimony given by him today before
the Senate Finance Committee.
PENSION BILL CARRIES
2fi5 MILLIONS
Washington. Dec. 22—Carrying twr
hundred and sixty fire million dollars
the annual pension bill was reporte*1
out today by the House Appropriation.'
Committee.
j The House Ways and Means Com
mittee adjourned today until Januar>
8, on whfch date It will turn Ita at
tention to a general revision of tin
REINDEER ARE MOST WIDELY
j DESTRIBUTED MAMMAL ON THE (LOBE
What is a reindeer, anyway? The
Alaska division of the Bureau of Ed
ucation is frequently asked the ques
tion. since the reindeer has grown to
be so important an educational and
economic factor in Alaska. Here is th
way Charles Hal lock, foimerly editor
of Forest and Stream, answers the
question, says the Alaska Railroad
“Reindeer (Cervus Tarandus) are
not only boreal but circumpolar ani
mals, occupying a habitat in common
with the ice bear, musk ox, arctic
hare, lenuning. snowy owl. ptarmigan.
Eskimo and arctic fox. Though com
paratively little known, popularly or
scientifically, outside of their frozen
domain, they are the most widely dis
tributed mammal on the globe, inhab
iting portions of Greenland and Lab
rador. the margin of South Sound,
both sides of Hudson Strait, the en
tire breadth of British America east
and west of the Rockies, parts of Al
aska. Siberia. Spitsbergen, Nova Zem
blo. Finland of Russia and Scandi
navia. Their range belts ‘.he entire
Circle without a break, and extends
from the northernmost limit of polar
exploration southward to latitude 52
degrees (longitude 10 west), where
the reindeer meet the Bengal tiger in
the jungles of the Amoor River In
Asia. In North America it drops to
latitude 55 on Eskimo bay, in eastern
Labrador; to latitude 59 at Fort
Churchill, on the west side of Hudson
Bay: to latitude 55 in the Peace River
country, and touches latitude 54 on
the Aleutian Peninsula, in Alaska.
In middle Russia the limit is about
latitude 55, while in Norway it would
not be below latitude 65, owing to the
proximity of the Gulf Stream which
renders the climate too mild for them,
as well as for growth of its favorite
food, reindeer moss. In the glacial
period this succulent lichen (Cladonio
rangiferina) grew much farther rcith.
of course, and the range was propor
tionally extended, remains of this ani •
inal having been found in the middle
United States and in Italv iceo-dlng
to Professor Theodore Gil’ Reindeer
can not be acclimated in 'eg.o"s where
the conditions are unfavorable. Ex
proved this.
“Closely allied with the Arctic r.-in
deed is the forest variety, known in
America a*s the woodland caribou,
whose conterminous range enlarges the
foregoing area by a belt several de
grees in width in a southerly direction,
which Includes Newfoundland. New
Brunswick. Nova Scotia, the Lake Su
perior region, and extends almost un
broken across the continent, drop
ping even below the 9th parallel in
Minnesota . This variety is also found
in the forests of northern Montano.
Idaho. Oregon and Washington. Roth
species are gregarious and migra
tory. moving north and south with the
annually recurring seasons, often in
large herds, and both are of special
economic value in their respective lo
calities. affording a variety of subsist
ence to the carnivorous fauna which
are associated with them, as well :-s
to large nomadic and constant human
populations which occupy the illimita
ble wastes of the subarctic zone and
the territories contiguous to the**
Both are likewise susceptible of do
mestication. though the boreal variety
is by far the most tractable.
“Zoologists have not been quick o
discover the exact affinity between
the reindeer of the Old World and its
North American prototype, the barren
ground caribou, while ‘he difficulties
in reconciling the latter with its mo'-e
southern congener, the woodland cari
bou, have proved oven greater. But
the sum and conclusion of the whole
matter, so happily determined of late
by a thorough comparative study of
all the various groups which occupy the
boreal l»elt and contiguous regions,
would Ite to make the three several
Cats, Burl
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forms specifically identical, with no i
structural differences between them,
except such as would naturally result j
from differences ot climate, food, and '
environment.
“We find that throughout all its
known habitat there are plain reindeer
and forest reindeer, just as there ai '
plain and wood bison, the former oc
cupying: the vast moss-bearing tundr-.
which blankets the circumpolar world,
and the latter ranging through conter
minous regions lying farther south,
the wanner habitat, with its more
abundant provender, producing ‘lie
larger but less hardy animal. In parts
of l^aplnnd and northern Scandinavia,
Where there are no expansive levels
like the moss-bearing tundra of Si
beria. Alaska, and subarctic British
fleintleer Herd V ar N »inc - CopyriK’hud 1‘lioto i»> Hros.. Nhjik*
lieindeer Pressed for Mark'd—'Copyrighted
I'.ros. — -lieindeer Harnessed ;n I lead incss foi Hare
I America, that variety recognized as
the plains reindeer is obliged to seek
l its favorate food on the mountains
above the forest belts, and so are lo
cally known as ‘mountain reindeer.'
I tut taxonomies* lly. there are but two
forms the world over, socialized in
scientific nomenclature as Tamndus
rangifer greenlandicus and T. rangifer
caribou, of the genus Oervus. the one
designating the Arctic variety, or bar
ren-ground caribou, and the other the
southern variety, or woodland caribou.
‘1W Cttmidum tundii* plains west
of Hudson Hay and east of the Mac
kenzie River, especially that portion
which lies between the Arctic Ocean
and (treat Slave and Athabasca takes,
is the reindeer country par excellence,
(treat numbers of musk oxen also
roam there .and their skins find their
way to the Hudson Bay Compsw/s
post bv hundreds. This region com
prises an area of 60.000 square miles.
On their migration the deer move in
vast herds, passing north to the Arctic
waste in the spring and returning
south to the wooded country in *he
fall. The Indians hunt them in sum
mer. Their winter coat of long hair
is shed early In July, and by the end
of August the hide is in excellent con
dition. the hair soft and not too long.
Rater in the year it becomes harder
and more brittle, and the hide is apt t<>
be riddled With hides made by the
larvae of a botfly. Horns are very
large and irregular, very few being
alike. Indians resort to lakes and
streams where the animals cross, and
spear them while in the water, often
killing several hundreds at a battle.
“They cure the meat and utilize
every part of the carcass for tent
covers, clothing, sled frames, utensils,
etc. On the Peace River and its trib
utaries, between the Mackenzie and
the Rockies. Dominion Surveyor Ogil
vie. In his official report, says that for
'days together his party was never out
of sight of caribou. He puts the
average weight of the female (dressed)
at 60 to 80 pounds; bucks 150 to 200
pounds, occasionally. Their range
comprises alternations of bare rock
with mossy intervals. interspersed
with lakes from one-half to 15 miles
“Much of the country west of the
Rockies, including almost the entire
Yukon River in Alaska, fs typical rein
deer ground. Northwestern Alaska
fairly swarms with the animals which
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winter in vast herds on the plateaus
lying north of Forty Mile Itiver, in
the neighborhood of the boundary
line, according to the observations of
Surveyor Ogilvi*-. The ordinary cari
bou run In herds, he notices, often
numbering hundreds, are easily ap
proached. and when fired at with gun.-;
are so disconcerted that they oft- n
run toward the hunter. Not until
many have been killed do they take
Might. Then they start on a continu
j miles. When the Indians find a herd
they surround it. gradually contract
ing the circle: when the animals being
too timid to break through are
slaughtered wholesale. They also
build fence traps with flanking wings,
leading to deep snow pits, into which
the deer are driven and dispatched.
At l*n Pierre’s Mouse, a trading posj
in latitude ST degrees. 24 minutes
North. 2000 deer tongues were brought
in by the Indians In one year. A great
many woodland caribou ate killed In
the forests in February and March.
There are numerous high mountain'
upon whose naked slopes the deer dig
in the snow for moss, standing face
up hill, pawing away the frosty cover
ing and pulling it down toward them
with their forefeet, thereby exposing
patches <>f the succulent growth, which
baling cropped they proceed to draw
the snow from above into the barren
space, and so advance radually to the
crest of the solpe. Some patches of
ground which had been pawed over
were found to extend for more than a
mile in length by a quarter of a mile
in bredth.
"Herendeen. the polar traveler. In
speaking "f the annual winter hunts
of the Eskimos, erstwhile in the vicin
ity of Point Barrow, mentions inci
dentally that the reindeer dig the moss
out of the snow with their splay hoofs,
which are admirably fitted for the
Tested and proven
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purpos**. though the nose undoubtedly
does its part. The snowfall there will
not average more than IS inches fo>
tie winter, anil the continuous high
winds which prevail blow it otT the
tundra, so that a covering of only
few inches remains for the carilsm to
remove. The supply «>f moss is prac
tically fne»hniistible.
"In Siberia the domestic reindeer
range from white to dark brown. no
being beautifully spotted. They are
whitest about June UO. by which time
they have, shed their winter coat*.
The males stand about feet high,
land have pendent bells or tufts of
j thick hair under their throats. The r
I hoofs are immense and rattle when
they walk. Roth sexes have horns,
the male hortis sometimes measuring
♦» feet around the curve. They begin
t<» shed their horns in February, and
by the end of August they are in the
velvet, with strips dangling from the
prongs. By the end of October but
few have antlers complete, most of
the bucks having lost one or both ant
lers by fighting. Females bread In
May. varying somewhat aeeording to
latitude. In that month mosquitoes
are very troublesome, as they are
everywhere in sub-Arctic regions, and
the pestered deer flee to the tundras,
where the winds blow constantly. !n
order to escape them.”
WRANGELL WOMAN
HIGHLY HONORED
.Mrs. .1. W. Pritchett of Wrangell
has been appointed deputy grand re
gent i»f the Women of Moose hear*: l.e
glon. Her jurisdiction embraces ‘he
entire territory of Alaska. She is au
thorized to travel when deemed neces
sary. institute chapters, and is Anll*d
upon in all other ways to promote the
further growth in legion work, to the
end that Mooseheart may be a great *r
and hi tter institution.
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