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FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 1919.
WHY CHILD LABOR IS FAVOR ED
(Coast Seamen’s Journal)
The reason l'or opposition to child labor legislation by large employers
in shown in a report made public by the Pennsylvania Bureau of Statistics
and Information.
During the period covered by the. statistics boys working in 20,571
i-slaritishmcnts were paid $2,723,000. Girls under 1$ were paid $2,719,500.
making a total of $.r>.4 42.700. Women employed in the 20,571 industries report
ing drew $72,669,100. They make an impressive industrial army numbering
216,299 in the comparatively few establishments that served as the basis of
the figures given.
The children and the women were cheap labor. Tho investigations
< f the department show that in the vast majority of instances the earnings ■
• •f the women and children were needed to maintain the family. The com
bined family income just about kept things going. In other words parents ;
end children earned a sum equal to the amount the father would have been I
forced to demand if tho youngsters had been In school, the mother at home,
and the father in the mill.
SECESSION SPEECH IN CONGRESS
(From The American Review)
The more or less current impression created in Republican circles that
• -formidable number of Washington law-makers is recruited from the irre
concilable element of the Civil War period# which still believes in the sane
t ty of the Lost Cause, was given color by a speech made in the House on
June 6 by Representative Hardy of Texas. In a long eulogy of President
Buchanan for refusing to take measures to prevent the secession of the
Southern States, the member from Texas upheld the secession cause of the
South, and declared: /
"I believe that any voluntary union of sovereign States from motives
of sympathy, mutual interest, welfare, and affection ought not to be held to
gether by force when the affection, the sympathy, and the interest that
brought them together cease to exist. Certainly not if when they united it j
was well understood they were not parting with their sovereignty and that
they were not to be held together by force. And I am persuaded that but
for the passions engendered by heated discussions of slavery Mr. Lincoln
would never have sent troops of the United States into the South. If he had
not done so, in my opinion, the slave-holding States, after setting up a gov
ernment for themselves, would have themselves fheed the slaves and would
have voluntarily sought ieadmission into the Union after a few years’ sepa
rate existence as a friendly neighbor of their Northern sister republic.
"It was not force that brough the States together, but voluntary in
choice induced by fraternal feeling and mutual interest, and that feeling and
interest was the bond relied on by the fathers to hold them together. It
r.my be claimed and has been claimed that such a bol d was a rope of sand.
1 ibny it. ” he tie that binds hivpband and wife together is such a bond,
; nd when ‘t is perfect is stronger than life or death, but when jangling dis
cord or unjust treatment comes is it not better to break the tie? Surely
great States, whole nations, should be as free to withdraw from a union vol
untarily entered, else what becomes of the natural right of self determination
of peoples so eloquently proclaimed by us to-day?”.
It is worth while noting that these are not the ebullitions of a young
sophomore Congressman, waxing ardent over an academic thesis, but the de
liberate Expressions of a former district judge, nearly sixty-three years of
age.
If one were inclined to credit the report that the syndicate said to ’
hold millions of Confederate bonds contemplated a campaign of education
for the purpose of creating public sentiment looking to the final redemption
of these bonds by the United States Government, it is not easy to see how '
a more adroit policy could be launched than through the means adopted by
the Texas member in tentatively preaching the righteousness of secession
end tho moral idea back of the Lost Cause. A system of judicious propagan
da imposed unobtrusively upon the public conscience, and unintermitteiflly ‘
prosecuted, can not possibly fail to make many converts, and the Republicans
may ultimately prove to have been right in foreshadowing efforts to re-edu
cate the American people to the view-point of the member from the Lone
Star State.
JAPAN’S POLICY AFTER THE WAR
Aq.xuitline of Japan's l’olloy In the future 1m given by Dr. Arata Nlna
ptwn, of Doshislia University .in the Tokyo Japan .Magazine. He scouts
iny Idea of a rapprochement with Germany; says a recent issue of the Lit
srary Digest.
"Very likely after the war there will be those who advocate an ulli
xnce with Germany, a view that prevails among some Japanese even now
luring the war. But there is no doubt in any rational mind that it is best
’or Japan to hold to her present alliance witli England and retain the friend
ship of the Allies, even for economic reason and China’s sake, if for no other,
rhis I firmly believe to be her best policy.
"Some regard the Anglo-Japanese Alliance as the diplomatic pivot,
md think Japan’s relations with other countries a matter of indifference,
[f she maintains her alliance with Britain she can afford to separate from
ithers or not, as she likes.
"Of course, Japan should remain in her friendly alliance with England
is long as possible, but she must see to it that she is equally friendly with
France, Italy, and Russia, and America as well. This should be done by ag
reement or some other means, so that there may be no doubt in case of
‘mergency. International friendship can not stand on treaty alone; there
mist be a real mutual understanding."
SAYS RUSSIANS LOOK UPON CZECHO-SLOVAKS
AS DELIVERERS FROM BOLSHEVISM.
Special to The Nugget by The Associated Press.
SEATTLE, Jan. 22—Mine. Catherine Breshovska.via, the “Grandmother
:f the Russian Revolution.” left Seattle today bound for Chicago and Whsh
ington, where she will seek assistance for Russia from President Wilson.
Before her departure, Mms, Breshovska.via again bitterly denounced
Ihe Bolshevlki in an interview granted the newspaper men here and again
lormed the dominating radical element of her country “an accursed lot."
The venerable woman says she hopes the Czecho-Slovaks overthrow
Ihe Bolshevists and occupy Russia for the reason that it will give the
FiUsslan people an opportunity to escape from the reign of turmoil and anarchy
:reated by the followers of Leninc and Trotsky and form a stable government.
Mme. Breshovska.via asserts that the Russians recognize that their
mly present hope is the Czecho-Slovaks and would look upon their coming
Into control" as upon a second coming of Christ as a deliverer.”
The aged woman’s denounciations of the Bolsheviki have created a
profound impression here as they reveal the much discussed radicals as oppos
ng everything which tends to order and stable government.
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