FIRM EXPERIMENT
STITION ESSENTIAL
TO GROWTH ALASKA
(Continued from Pace One)
been developed to suit a particular
region for various sections of the
world having climatic, agronomic,
and human preferences peculiar to
the regions. In all of these loca
tions, the process of producing a
breed suitable to the section has i
largely been a matter of lettyjg
nature take its course. /
As a consequence, hundred's of
years were required in the process.
Probably none of them have reach
ed their present stage of perfec'
tion in less than 150 years. Mans
times the practical'attainment of
a satisfactory breed being lost a
number of times.during the devel
opment through careless and ig
norant breeding, and by having too
many men tjfying to attain slightly
different ideals before the breed
was actually established.
The Afeska experiment stations,
in thmff effort to produce a satis
factojty dairy breed, have set up an
idgrfl and pursued the work with a !
sjlngleness of purpose and energy
that justifies the expectation of
results, in approximately one-tenth
the time and at a very small frac
tion of the expense required for
the formation of any of the other j
dairy breeds of the world. The
work is attracting the attention of :
cattle and livestock breeders thru
out the world as attested by letters
and inquiries received inquiring as
to the progress of the work.
5. The value to the Territory of
the introduction of a satisfactory
legume by the experiment stations
cannot be minimized. An investi
gation will show that no agricul
tural locality of the world has
reached its greatest livestock de
velopment until a satisfactory le
gume for the locality was grown.
In this connection, the stations
have tested out and recommended
a satisfactory annual legume, the
vetch. The importance of this plant
is shown strikingly in the Mata
nuska Valley where livestock de
; velopment was held at a standstill
; until the introduction of the grow
ing of vetch on the farms.
Experiments now under way at
the Matanuska Station indicates
that eventually a perennial legume
of the alfafa or clover family will
be found suitable for the region.
The establishment of a perennial
legume- would, of course, be a de
cided improvement over an annual
legume that requires planting
each year. Commercial agriculture
has neither the funds of know
ledge to pursue this work.
6—Rotation of crops is a most
important factor in establishing a
permament agriculture. The ad
vantages of rotation of crops are;
maintaining the fertility, the mois
ture, and the physical structure
of the soil. Single crops generally
permit the growth and develop
ment of certain weeds and diseas
es, deplete the fertility and mois
ture ait certain levels, break down
the desired physical structure of
the soil particles, all of which re
duce crop yields.
The nature of the season, kinds
of crops grown in Alaska make
the formation of satisfactory rota
tion systems particularly difficult.
Experience gained by investigators
in the states and European coun
tries while of material benefit in
working out the problems arising
in Alaska cannot be directly ap
plied. A score of rotations now be
ing tested promise to throw light
on the subject, but replications
and continued yearly plantings are
necessary before facts can be as
certained. Individual settlers are
wholly unprepared to carry on this
I important work. The closing of the
Matanuska Station would cause a
'loss of all the work to date, and
delay many years the obtaining of
this valuable information, even
though the work was to begin a
new next year.
7— Potatoes and root crops are
valuable cash crops in Alaska.
Problems dealing with cultural
practices, elimination of parasites
and diseases, the establishment of
standard varieties, are being work
ed upon. An additional three years
would have permitted the stations
to have acquired sufficient data to
make definite and specific recom
mendations on these points.
8— The introduction of farm ma
chinery and cultural methods have
been of great value to the pioneer
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MARCH ._.23
APRIL .27
MAY .25
JUNE .29
JULY .27
AUGUST .31
SEPTEMBER 28
OCTOBER.26
NOVEMBER. 30
DECEMBER 28
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; settlers. For instance; the intro
duction and use of the land roller
, by the Station was shown to be of
great value in increasing yields. At
the present time practically every
1 farmer owns or uses a land roller.
The Experiment Station introduc
ed and used the first grain binder,
1 the first threshing machine, and
I permitted farmers in the early days
to use them on their farms until
custom and privately owned ma
chines were brought in
; Recently the Stations have pur
chased and shipped to Matanuska
a pea viner and huller at a cost of
$1,000 to ascertain the feasibility
of growing canning peas on a com
mercial scale. At the present time
plans are being formulated to pur
chase a hay drying machine to test
its usefulness in Alaska. Many in
dications point to the success of
this machine, in fact, it is believed
that the ultimate success of
dairying and the livestock produc
tion is dependent upon a satisfac
tory hay drying device. It appears
to have much the same relation to
livestock production in Alaska as
did the cotton gin to the cotton in
dustry in the South.
9—There continues to be demand
upon the Station by new settlers
and liomeseekers for berry plants,
shrubs, ornamental bushes, flow
ers, and garden seeds. Thousands
of requests have been filled in the
past and it is believed that, while
all plantings have by no means
been successful, nevertheless the
service has been of gre^t value in
aiding the new population to es
tablish homes and become perma
nent citizens.
I 10—The industry of dairying has
become a going fact, though as
yet in a small way. This project
was probably pushed 10 years
ahead of its natural growth, due
to the efforts of the station. The
Experiment Stations in coopera
tion with The Alaska Railroad
have given considerable time, ef
fort and expense to fathering this
new undertaking. A number of
settlers are now receiving practi
cally their entire cash income
(even though it be small) from
their dairy efforts.
The work at the Matanuska sta
tion is of an experimental and
not commercial nature. However,
potatoes grown in excess of exper
imental requirements are sold flo;
the farmers for seed at the price
of market potatoes. Small amounts j
are distributed free to permit set
tlers to acquire superior seed. Seed
grain in excess of Station require
ments is distributed to settlers and
farmers throughout Alaska.
A considerable agricultural effort
is necessary to supply the feed re
quirements of 50 to 70 head of ex
perimental cattle, 30 to 40 head of
experimental sheep, 5 to 20 experi
mental hogs, 4 work horses, and
three to five dozen chickens. Sur
plus breeding stock is sold to set
tlers and farmers at lower than out
side prices. The surplus breeding
stock the past few years has con
sisted largely of young heifers,
young sows and bulls.
Breeding stock has largely sold
in the Matanuska Valley, but in- 1
dividuals have been shipped to as
widely seperated points as Peters
burg, Gustavus, Circle, Holy Cross, I
Anchorage, Seward, Kenai, Kusi- j
lof, Unalaska, Kanatak, Fort Yu
kon and Fairbanks.
There has been presented to U.
S. Marshal Lynn Smith, a petition
signed by residents of Takotna,
Ophir and McGrath, requesting
the removal from office at Me-j
Grath of Deputy U- S. Marshal
Stanley J. Nichols, says the Fair- j
banks News-Miner.
OPEN TO MIDNIGHT
Hereafter, the Poodle Dog Cafe, ■
Gabe Santos, Proprietor, will re
main open until midnight each
evening, instead of closing at 10 i
o’clock, as for some time in the
past. Adv.
March 10, 1932.
■ Fellow Alaskans:
I solicit your support for the
nomination for re-election to the
; office of Auditor at the coming
Republican primary, that I may
I continue the fight to serve the
| people of Alaska, by so conducting
I the office of Auditor that the law
| creating that office may be fulfill
ed and the office maintained as a
Democratic institution apart from
| a bureaucratic organization for the
full benefit of the people of Alaska.
A quarter of a million dollars
more money than was available
was appropriated by the last Leg
islature. Thus, it became necessary
that careful management be exer
jcised in apportioning the funds so
that the necessary expenditures
would be assured sufficient money
for the biennium,
j Eighty-three per cent, of the to
tal appropriations are expendable
under the direct supervision of the
Governor and was early apparent
that he was not going to so man
age the distribution of funds that
| sufficient money would be withheld
for the payment of primary claims.
Immediately the controversy began j
as to whether or not the Auditor j
j would be permitted to disburse the !
funds as provided by the law creat
i ing his office. The Governor, with
the aid of the Attorney General
and the Treasurer, who compose
the Board of Examiners, has so far
been able to usurp this duty. The
law creating this Board was passed
| by the last Legislature,
j A financial’ statement issued by
the Auditor’s office and handed to
the Governor May 15, 1931, pre
dicted that if the average monthly
rate of expenditures were made,
the Treasury would be without
funds by the first of the year. The
Board of Examiners has supported
the Governor in his extravagant
expenditures with the statement
that there would be plenty of funds
at all times during the biennium.
The Daily Empire of March 4
contains the following news head
ing, given out by the Governor:
“Treasury Cash Balance Shows
Sharp Decline; Net Balance of Ter
ritory on February 29th, $226,738
Less Than 1931.” The general fund
balance on February 29, 1932, was
$337,865.38.
During the month of November,
I visited Seattle on Territorial
business, a(nd while there inter
viewed some of the cannery men,
asking them for the early payment
of their taxes on account of the
depleted condition of the Terri
torial Treasury. This appeal was
responded to by several compan
ies and a survey of early tax pay
ments received by the Treasurer
shows that the canneries paid a
total of $339,310.07 for different
taxes since the first of this year.
These taxes w^ould normally have
been paid March 15. Therefore, the j
total amount of cash on hand as
showm by the Treasurer’s state
ment is just about offset by the
total of the early payment of can
nery and fish taxes. This condi
tion proves the prediction made by
the figures issued by the Auditor’s
office on May 15, 1831, and I now
state that there will not be suffi
cient taxes this year with which
to pay the operation of the govern
Scratch pads, various sizes, 15c
per pound. Gateway office.
INFORMATION WANTED as to the
whereabouts of Leo Dineen, last
heard of in Seward. Write Mrs.
Geo. Simpkins, Box 2076, Juneau,
Alaska.
FOR RENT — 4-room house with
bath; see P. N. Anderson.
FOR RENT—Three room apart
ment. J. L. Graef.
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ment. The shortage will appear
about September of this year. This
date may be varied, depending on
whether or not vouchers are with
held for payment, as was done dur
ing the month of December, 1931,
to maintain the cash balance in
the Treasury.
Shall the operation of the Old
Age Pensions, School maintenance
and Pioneers’ Home be maintained?
Therefore the main issues of this
year will be whether or not suffi
cient money is retained to meet
the primary claims, such as pen
sions, school maintenance and op
eration of the Pioneers’ Home. I
pledge my every effort to fulfill
the obligations of the office in the
protection of these funds. If the
Auditor’s office is to remain both
a necessary and a beneficial of
fice to the people of the Territory,
it must have the support of the
people. I therefore both humbly
and earnestly ask your endorse
ment for the nomination for the
office of Auditor in the coming
primary election.
CASH COLE.
I
Four one-act plays will be pre
sented by the four classes in the
Seward High School at a dramatic
contest which will be held in the
Seward High School auditorium on
the nights of April 2 and 4.
The dramatic contest this year
will be similar to the excellent pro
duction held last year. Another
feature of the event will be the
casting of votes to choose the best
play, the best boy actor and the
best girl actress of the four plays.
Ballots are to be given all those
who attend except children under
12. Children under 12 will be ad
mitted to a dress rehearsal which
will be held at 2 o’clock on the af
ternoon of April 1.
The four plays which are to be
staged are being directed by the
sponsors of each class. Thus the
Senior class sponsor directs the
Senior class play. All rehearsals
are being held outside the school
hours.
The Seward High School Dramat
ic Association, Vivian Nilson, pres
ident, has appointed Agnes An
derson, manager of the advance
ticket sale; Lois Jessen, business
manager, and Bjarne Tollbom, ad
vertising manager.
A fresh shipment of Haas Easter
candies just received. ALASKA
SHOP.
ALASKA RIVER STEAMER
PLANS ARE ORDERED
William C. Nickum, Seattle Nav
al architect, has been commission
ed by J. 9. Ummel, Seattle man
ager for the Department of the In
terior, to prepare plans for a 210- *
foot sternwheel river steamer, for
which bids will be called within the
next 30 days.
The vessel, to be built at Ne
nana, will have 30 staterooms and
capacity for 250 tons of cargo. She
is to be operated by the Alaska j
Railroad and is to replace one of
the older steamers now in service,
it was stated.
It is planned to build the vessel
this summer so she may enter ser
vice at the beginning of the 1933
season.
When completed, the vessel will
operate between Nenana, Tanana
and Marshall, connecting with the *
Northern Commercial Company’s
vessels from St. Michael.
WHERE ALASKANS MEET
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Rooms With Private Bath
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j Rates by Week or Month
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ROME OFFICE: ANCHORAGE, ALASKA
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