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THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 1915.
THE LITTLE NATIONS.
Never again let us hope, shall we
scorn any nation because it is small.
The greatest of wars has proved the
right of little countries, not only to
exist, but to claim the admiration of
the world. It has proved that na
tions cons’dered negligible in war by
the powers that presume to divide
continents between them may have
more spirit and valor, man for man
and acre for acre, than have the na
tions that dwarf them on the map
and in the census reports.
Belgium is, of course, an example
of independence and heroism that
leaps instantly to mind. But it is
questionable whether Servia does not
merit even higher admiration for her
unyielding attitude and vigorous de
fense of her own nationality.
With a territory half the size of
Ohio and but a few more inhabi
tants than Massachusetts, Servia dar
ed the power of the great Austro
Hungarian empire, backed by Ger
many. Though crippled by two ter
rific Balkan wars, she rallied her
strength and dove out the Austrian
armies with tremendous losses, and
even pushed forward into Austrian
territory. After four months of in
cessant warfare Servia seem'ed incap
able of longer resistance. Her forces
were decimated by fighting and rav
aged by disease. Her people were
starving. Belgrade was taken at
last, and the country seemed lost.
Russia was too far away to help.
Balkan enemies threatened her in her
weakness.
And then came a miracle. Crusn
ed to the earth, the Servians rallied
for a last stand. King Peter arose
from a sick bed to lead a forlorn
hope. And to the amazement of the
world the Austrian conquerers were
beaten and flung back in complete
demoralization beyond the Danube.
Who can say that Switzerland, Hol
land, Denmark, Norway, Sweden,
Greece, Bulgaria or Rumania would
not show the same indomitable spir
it? Nothing is more false than the
prestige of a merely “big” nation
and the smug assumption that every
member of an empire derives merit
and grandeur from the numbers
around him.
Greatness of soul has been found,
in history, a characteristic of little
peoples rather than big ones. The
glory of Greece was before the con
quests of Alexander. Rome produced
few great men after she had subdued
the world. The British names most
honored are not those of the mod
ern world-empire, but the names that
won luster in the little England of
old. German genius has not blos
somed under the empire as it did
when Germany was a group of sep
arate states, and the military achieve
ments of little Prussia unaer rreu
erick the Great surpass anything the
Germans have done or are likely to
do in the present war.
Consolation in industry and com
merce is natural and inevitable, but
there is no such argument for the
consolation of nations. It is only a
barbarous militarism that has blinded
the modern world to the superiority
in morale and efficiency of small
states. Once let Europe adopt an in
ternational polled system thatt will
protect the little countries from bully
ing, and hey may prove themselves
eveh more clearly than in the past
the superiors of their big, proud
neighbors in nearly everything the*
constitutes real civilization.—Ex.
BEYOND THE CAUCASU3.
Of all the crimes of oppression
committed by Russian autocracy dur
ing the nineteenth century, the crush
ing of the Georgian nationality is the
blackest. In .'"Inland and in Poland
solemn obligations have been repu
diated, and properly autonomous
states have been reduced to a status
of vassalage. But nowhere has the
process of Russification been push
ed so relentlessly and so far as in
this land beyond the Caucasus.
In 1773 the last King of Georgia
concluded a treaty with Russia which
stipulated Georgian autonomy undei
Russian protection. In 1802 Georgia
was formally annexed to the Russian
empire, but the rights of self-govern
ment were solemnly confirmed. Since
then Russia has proceeded, step by
step, to abrogate every right of the
Georgians, till today the province has
no vestige of independence. Even
the Georgian language and national
church are under proscription.
It is in this region that the Turks
have delivered their attacks against
Russia. The Georgians, who heartily
detest Russia, find Russia’s tradition
al enemy pounding at the defenses
of the frontier.
There can be little doubt that the
men of Georgia, much as they hate
Russian oppression, prefer the status
quo to incorporation in the Ottoman
•empire. Perennially discontented un
der Russian rule, they are now be
seeching Russia to protect them from
what they consider a worse fate.
Czar Nicholas went to Georgia in per
son to inspire patriotism,' and the
Georgians received him with enthu
siasm and abundant manifestations of
loyalty.
The reason for Georgia’s sudden de
votion to Russia is not far to seek.
Diijectly across the Russo-Turkish
border lies Turkish Armenia. The
Armenians, like the Georgians, a
Christian people with a proud history,
have for centuries suffered under
Turkish persecution and misgovern
ment. Prom time to time they have
been subjected to atrocious massa
cres. Probably no people of all the
world have such a story of misery
and so little hope for the future.
Georgia’s lot is hard, but, compar
ed with that of Armenia, it is happy.
Russian oppression is the result of
studied political doctrine; the op
pression of Turkey is mere insane
savagery, encouraged by official con
nivance or incompetence.
It is small wonder that the people
who have most cause to hate Russia
are not taking advantage of Rus
sia’s hour of need to turn against her.
Some fates are worse than Russifi
cation, and Armenia, lying so near
at hand, is an object lesson which
cannot be ignored.—Ex.
A Princeton professor announces
that he has discovered a school for
monkeys in an African forest. Look
out for jokes about the higher branch
es of learning.
PRESIDENT!
PATRONAGE EIGHT
(Continued from page 1.)
not improved the temper of the sen
ators. Some of them contend that
such retention will be a direct vio
lation of the Constitution and the
laws of the United States. One law
on the subject is held to be par
ticularly applicable to the case of Mr.
Bland. This law, which is Section
1,761 of- the Revised Statutes of the
United States, says that no money
shall be paid out of the Treasury as
.salary to any federal appointee whose
nomination was rejected by the Sen
ate, provided the vacancy to which
•this person was appointed occurred
when the Senate was in session.
Administration officials have said
■flatly that Mr. Bland would be con
tinued in office under the authority
of the recess commission given to
him by the president, and that when
the Senate adjourned by constitution
al limitation on March 4, 1915, Mr.
Bland’s tenure would be renewed by
the issuance of another recess com
mission.
Vacancy Occurred Last February.
By direction of the Judiciary Com
mittee, Senator Culberson, its chair
man, wrote to Attorney General Greg
ory for official data as to the status
of Mr. Bland. In reply the attorney
general said that a vacancy in the
office of United States Marshal for
the Western District of Missouri oc
curred on Feb. 18, 1914; that the fed
eral court for that district designat
ed an officer to perform the duties
of marshal temporarily, and that the
official vacancy had existed until Dec.
3, when the president, believing that
lue uuiue uau ueeu vauuu long
enough, had given a recess appoint
ment to Mr. Bland, and had subse
quently sent his nomination to the
Senate.
The Senate was in session on Feb.
18, 1914, when the vacancy in the of
fice of marshal occurred. On Dec,
- 3, when a recess commission was giv
en to Mr. Bland, the Senate, which
had adjourned in October, had not
assembled for the winter session. It
did not meet until Dec. 7.
Senators contend that the statute
appears to apply to Mr. Bland's case,
While it is not clear that the statute
excludes him from holding office
these senators hold that It seems te
declare unequivocally that he shall
not draw any compensation from the
Treasury for his services.
Nothing has developed so far tc
indicate what attitude the Senate will
adopt if persons whose nominationi
are rejected by the Senate are con
tinued in office under the authority
of the recess commissions. For the
present the purpose of the Senate has
not been disclosed further than in
the direction of a fixed intention to
reject all nominations that are sent
to the Senate in opposition to the
wishes of Democratic senators from
states in which the nominees reside.
Efforts At Compromise Futile.
Various efforts have been made to
effect a compromise that would pre
vent a split in the party, but nothing
has come of them. The president
has expressed a willingness to listen
to definite suggestions as to making
selections for office that would satisfy
senators and .representatives. No
body has come forward with any plan
that would provide a solution. Repre
sentative Smith, of the Buffalo dis
trict, told the president that he
should return to the former practice
of confirming selections of candidates
to those persons who were indorsed
by senators and representatives, but
the president did not indicate wheth
er he would take this proposal under
consideration.
The view is widely held that Presi
dent Wilson has determined to ignore
the recommendations for office of
Democra'ic senators who have not
given cordial support to admin istra-,
tion policies. He nominated Mr.
Lynn to be United States Attorney
for the Western District of New
York, in spite of the fact that Sen
ator O’Gorman was opposed to Lynn
and had recommended another candi
date. He nominated Mr. Bland in
opposition to the wishes of Senator
Iteed of Missouri, and he nominated
Mr. Hampton in the face of the
knowledge that this action would be
displeasing to Senator Martine. These
three senators are in the adminis
tration’s bad books, and Senators
Reed and Martine are particularly
unpopular at the White House on ac
ount of their persistent opposition
to measures that were on the presi
dent’s program.
RUSSIANS CHECKED
Jj_ GALICIA
(Continued from page 1.)
tres a series of lectures on Russian
language and literature. Lwovv
(Lemberg), Sambor, Tarnopol Stanis
lavoff, and Chernovtsi are the first
towns chosen for opening these
courses in Russian.
Besides this measure, Russia wdl
open in January ten model elemen
tary common chools where all teach
ing will be given in the Russian lan
guage as the medium. These will
be situated in East Galicia and Buk
owina, five in towns and the rest m
villages:
Marching On Serajevo.
LONDON, Jan. 7.—The Servian ami
Montenegrin armies have again join
ed hands after the defeat of the
Austrians who invaded Servia, and
are now making their second ad
vance toward Serajevo, capital of
Bosnia.
The two armies, the supplies of
which have been replenished by cap
tures from the Austrians, have form
ed a junction near Vishegrad, which
the Montenegrins have occupied.
They expect to be before Serajevo
within three or four days.
French Guns Keep Germans On the
Move.
LONDON, Jan. 7.—The offensive
operations of the Allies in the west
are being carried out under condi
tions of siege warfare and are be
ing stubbornly opposed by the Ger
mans, who in their entrenchments
and surrounded by wire entangle
ments, make an advance of even a
few yards a costly matter for the
attacking forces.
In Flanders a little ground has
been gained, at considerable cost de
spite the fact that along the coast the
Allies have the assistance of war
ships .which continually bombard the
German positions. The advance has
been more marked from the Belgian
border south to the River Oise, where
the ground is not so wet as in the
flooded regions of Flanders.
Along the Aisne and in the Cham
pagne district the French artillery,
which is now probably stronger than
the German, has been busy keeping
the Germans on the move; but In the
Argonne region it is the Germans who
are on the offensive, and they claim
to have made a slight advance.
The general opinion of military
men here is that some time must
elapse before the Allies can expect
.to make any very marked progress.
Besides being in fortified positions,
which could only he taken after hav
ing been thorough^ searched out
'>y the artillery, the Germans still
have more machine guns than the Al
i lies, and, as has been proved in pro
STOVES
™ 1
Cole’s Hot-Blast
Heaters
The most economical heater known. More
satisfaction, less fuel. We have the size to fit
your house, at a price to fit your purse.
tn—s — -
Monarch Malleable Steel Range
Six hole with water reservoir; Duplex draft; burns wood or coal.
Four hole; Duplex draft; burns wood or coal.
Lang's Surface Cooking Range
Two hole; burns wood or coal; raised eight inches above floor.
Elite Ranges Four and six hole; burns wood or coal.
Camp Stoves and Ranges, all styles and sizes. We have a large stock on hand
and guarantee satisfaction.
vious battles, these, so long as they
can be successfully operated, make
•:try attacks too costly to be at
tempted.
E. E. Campbell and M. F. Hender
son went ptarmigan hunting yester
day in Solomon basin and they
brought back four birds apiece. Jeff
Devinney acted as guide for the
party.
He Got the Cheapest.
Old Hiram Pinchon was a born
trader and a penny pincher besides.
He was never willing to pay the price
of anything he wanted, and all the
shopkeepers at the village dreaded to
see him enter their stores.
One day he did a little trading at
Nelson’s shoe store. He tried on a
dozen pairs of boots, but could find
nothing that was not too expensive.
Then he guessed he would get a pair
of rubbers. He rejected a pair that
cost a dollar and another that cost
05 cents. Finally the clerk brought
him a pair for 50 cents. They seemed
to fit well enough, but Hiram was
still dissatisfied.
•‘Hain’t ye got any rubbers that are
cheaper?” be asked.
“No, sir.” declared the irritated clerk,
“we haven’t. That pair you've got on
is the cheapest, poorest most no ac
count rubber there is made!’’
So Hiram bought them. — South’s
Companion.
Properly Rebuked.
Emma, queen mother of the Nether
lands, is the subject of many stories in
her own country. During the time
when she acted as regent before the
present Queen Wilhelmina came of age
it is said that one morning Queen
Emma was awakened by a peremptory
I knocking at her bedroom door.
“Who is there?” she asked.
A precociously dignified voice an
swered, “The queen of Holland.”
The queen mother quietly answered.
“I am not dressed and therefore not
able to receive her majesty, but if it is
my little girl she may come in.”—Lon
don Mirror.
Vegetable Sponges.
What are known as vegetable
sponges grow freely In Ecuador dur
ing tbe rainy season. They grow on
vines, like pumpkins. Tbe poor people
utilize them for washing dishes and
when bathing, claiming they are supe
rior to tbe animal sponge.
Dogs* Pants.
Dogs do not perspire. In hot weath
er they regulate the temperature of
their blood by breathing more quick
ly. which produces a rapid evapora
tion of water from tbe surface of tbe
lungs. That; Is the reason why a dog
pants in bot weather.
Deep Doings.
"What's ailing Mr. Troutr
“He suffers from sunstroke."
“Go on! Whoever heard of a fish
with a sunstroke?"
"Well, you see. It was a sunttsb that
bumped Into him.”—Spokane Spokes
man-Review.
Stubborn labor conquers everything.
-Virgil.__
"Old California” In two reels at
the Orpheum tonight.
Copper River Lumber Co., Inc.
ALL KINDS OP
Native and T T TMDUD and Building
Puget Sound JLU lVlDILiV Material
CONSTANTLY ON HAND
Prices Right W. M. FINICAL, Mgr. Phone 18
Patronize a Home Industry
ALASKA
STEAMSHIP CO.
S. S. Mariposa and S. S. Alameda sail from Seattle
the 1st, 8th, 16th and 24th
EVERY MONTH
From Valdez south—7th, 15th, 23rd and 30th for Cordova,
Juneau, Ketchikan and Seattle.
Regular freight service for Ketchikan. Juneau. Sheep creek Treadwell. Douglas
Cordova, Ellamar. Valdez and Ratouehe. Explosives. S S Seward. S S Seward. 5th'
S S l.atouehe. lath: s S Cordova, t’.'ith of each month—Right reserved to change this
schedule without notice.
F B. Tracy, Gen’l Agt- Valdez Dock Co., Local Agt.
9
BOTTUS W BOND
*** JHk ots
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i *9Finch »6® J
FULL
QUART
Independent Laundry Co.
Satisfaction Guaranteed | I Voot Kevstone Ave
Telephone 86 I I Rouirh Dry ICo lb.
.....
WEATHER BULLETIN.
Valdez, Alaska, Jan. 7, 1915.
STATION Above Below Snow, In. WEATHER CONDITIONS
Donnelly . 5 / 2 Cloudy, calm, no trail.
McCallum . 10 18 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
Hogan . i 0 12 Cloudy, calm, trail open.
Gulkana . ' 12 12 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
Copper Center .... 10 9 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
Tonslna . 15 20 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
Telkhell .. 7 18 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
Beaver Dam . 10 25 Cloudy, calm, trail good.
qnmmtt . 15 35 Cloudy, snowing, trail drifted.
Wortman'B . 22 25 Cloudy, snowing, trail fair.