Miners & Merchants Bank
IDITAROD, ALASKA
Capital, $50,000.00
General Banking Business Transacted Gold Dust Bought and Assayed
Drafts Issued on Any Part of the World
SEATTLE CORRESPONDENT. SCANDINAVIAN AMERICAN BANK
OFFICERS:
CHARLES ROSS, President
JOHN HOLMES, Vice President
R. C. BUTTON, Cashier
OPEN DAY AND NIGHT
DISCOVERY
CAFE
FLAT CITY HOHBACK 4 DURAND
Bet. the Grand and Bagoy's Bars
THE BEST ALL THE TIME
WE ARE HERE TO STAY
Mutchler Bros.
i
GENERAL
FREIGHTERS
DAILY STAGE SERVICE
I
-1
SEA TRAVEL STILL HEAVY
DESPITE SUBMARINE MENACE
WASHINGTON, April 9. Despite the
perils of submarine warfare, 400.000 per
sons have crossed the Atlantic and European
ports as passengers since the beginning of;
the war. Figures assembled recently in the ;
bureau of navigation show that 250,000 1
of them traveled on vessels owned by the i
belligerents.
Only 38,000 of the passengers traveled :
first cl ass.
Passengers carried by belligerent ships j
are divided as follows:
By Italian ships, 113,000; British, 89,000; j
French, 43,000; Russian, 0,000; Belgian,
1,000.
American ships carried 51,000 passengers.
GREATEST SUPPLY OF GOLD
GUARDED BY FEW OLD MEN
A Denver, Colo., dispatch says that thq
largest single gold supply in the world
about Sf>00,000.000 is locked in the vaults
of the Denver mint. The vaults that hold
this enormous wealth are among the strong
est and with the most intricate locking and
time devices in the world. They are con
sidered burglar and bomb proof. Contrary
to expectations, the great wealth in the
building visited by thousands annually as a
point of interest to tourists is not guarded
by a large number of armed men. A few
old soldiers, political appointees, are prac
tically in charge of the building. In an
emergency hardly a corporal's guard of
powerful armed men could be raised in the
mint immediately. But the strength of the
vaults and their inaccessibility give the of
ticials charged with responsibility for the
half billion dollars no worry. The gov
ernment accepts a l gold offered at the
mint. The price is fixed $20.67 a fine
ounce. It has not fluctuated in years. The
same price rules all over the world. None
of the gold which has poured into New
York since the balance of trade has been
in America's favor has been stored in Den
ver. According to officials at the mine, that
gold mostly remains in New \ork and
Washington mints and eastern banks as a
basis for credit. In case of threatened in
vasion, however, it is not improbable that
the gold on both the Atlantic and Pacific
seaboards would be removed to the strong
Denver vaults.
VERNON CASTLE AN AVIATOR
After a course of preliminary training in
the United States, Vernon Castle, dancer of
renown, has gone to England to fly for
the allied cause. The recent aerial activity
of the Germans in both Zeppelins and aero
planes has compelled the British to call upon
all available air men. Mr. Castle is an
Englishman. _
Just Arrived via Lake LaBerge
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Leader Shoes Latest Styles of Hats
iditarod H« BOAS FLAT
HURST CIGAR STORE
PIPES AND TOBACCOS
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Nice, Fresh Chocolates, Nuts, Candies and Fruits
POOL BARBER SHOP
J. A. NELSON, Prop. .SSHAs.
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Will Have a Complete Stock of Miners’Supplies at the New Town
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Caribou St., Bet. Black and Willow Sts., on Waterfront
Flestric and Faradic Massage Treatments by Expert Attendants
Lighted by Gas Retied by Steam
INTERESTING HISTORY
OF SEATTLE’S SHIP CANAL,
WHICH IS NOW COMPLETED
' (Jack Bechdolt in Seattle Post-Intelligencer)
Within the next few days government en
gineers will open the locks at Salmon bay,
and the Lake Washington canal a dream
of sixty-three years—will be a reality.
The triumphant progress of ocean-going
ships from Puget sound to Lake Washington
will wait upon the completion of new
bridges across Lake Union, but the canal
itself is finished. It cost the government
about $2,275,000, and Seattle, King county
and the state about $5,500,000 more.
It is a curious commentary on the growth
! of Seattle to metropolitan size that in the
last three years the lake canal, once a
burning issue, has ceased to engage public
interest to the exclusion of all else.
The lake canal still is one of Seattle’s
biggest undertakings, but the days when
its mention was the signal for battle be
tween rival factions happily have passed.
Eleven years ago all Seattle united in de
manding one lake canal, and five years ag
the demand was granted by the federal gov
eminent. The realization of the dream i
a triumph for the Seattle spirit.
first Mentioned in iooj
The history of the project becomes in
solved in detail, but it is a history of great
interest, for it involves as leading figures a
number of the most prominent men in the
building of this city.
The first mention of a canal to conned
Shilshole bay with Lake Union and Lake
Washington is attributed to General George
B. McClellan, who in 1853 thought the
project a feasible one. Two years later
Thomas Mercer, making a Fourth of July
speech to his fellow townsmen, gathered for
a picnic on the shore of Lake Union, pre
dicted that some day a canal would join
Lake Washington and Lake Union with
Puget sound, and the commerce-carrying
vessels of the world would ply its waters
Five years after this memorable Fourth of
July Harvey Pike, after whom Pike street
was named, in a moment of enthusiasm un
dertook to dig the ditch himself, but soon
tired of the job.
Early Efforts at Development
In 1867 Cornelius H. Hanford, who had a
contract to carry the mails between Seattle
and Puyallup, conceived the idea that to
fill the great tide fiats, half mud, half water,
at the lower end of the town, would fur
nish a great level area for manufacturing
enterprises. It occurred to him that the
earth for this could be found by digging :
canal from the Sound, through Beacon hill
to Lake Washington. In the following year,
while in Portland, young Hanford was sell
ing Seattle real estate. One of his argu
ments for the future greatness of Scattlc
was the feasibility of filling the tideland
area and digging the lake canal.
Eugene Semp’e, who was later to be the
last governor of Washington territory, was
much impressed with Hanford's plan.
Three years after this citizens of Seattle
organized the Lake Washington Canal As
sociation, but its project of digging the
canal from Salmon bay to Lake Washington
never got farther than draftsman’s paper.
But nine years later the Lake Washington
Improvement Company, an organization
headed by David T. Denny, George Kinnear,
Dr. H. B. Bagley, Thomas Burke and E. M
Smithers, did do some work- in fact, al
most finished a canal.
Canal Work Abandoned
The first work was a ditch from Lake
Union to Salmon bay. This project was j
fairly well completed, in a modest way,
when, in 1885, Frank H. Osgood joined the
board of directors and undertook a contract
to join Lake Union and Lake Washington.
The desire of Lake Washington farmers
to reach the city markets by an easy route
offered a good economic argument, for the
completion of this work. When the ditch
was almost finished the Seattle, Lake Shore
& Eastern railroad was begun, and since
the railroad duplicated the work of the
canal, the water route was abandoned.
For many years the Salmon bay canal
was the object of investigation and recom
mendations of federal engineers. In 1891
the report of a board headed by Colonel
G. H. Mended, who favored either 111? route
now used or a canal from Smith cove to
Salmon bay, so cheered Seattle lhat the
securing of federal aid became a live po
litical issue. John II. McGraw was elected j
governor the following year, largely by
his “build the canal’’ platform.
Two Factions Develop
In 1890, as a member of the harbor line
commission, former Governor Semple be
came actively interested in the plan of fill- I
ing the tide flats by digging the lake canal
through Beacon hill to Lake Washington.
In 1893, due to his urging, the state legis
lature passed a tideland act which permit
ted a person or corporation to dig private
canals and take their pay by a first lien on
the land reclaimed.
The harbor line commission had pre
viously decided that all land uncovered
when the tide went out belonged to the
state.
In 1894 Governor Semple secured a con
tract to fill in the Seattle tidelands, and out
of this grew the Seattle & Lake Washington
Waterway Company, which had as its
avowed purpose the digging of the south
canal.
Seattle raised a bonus of half a million
dollars toward the financing of this enter
prise, and at the same time began to split
into two very active factions of canal
builders.
The south canal party, starting with all
the sinews of war and popular approval,
was for the speedy completion of the ship
canal by private capital. The north canal
faction favored government aid for a ship
canal over the older and much approved
route from Salmon bay.
Factions Finally United
Two years after work began on the south
canal the private corporation got into finan
cial difficulties. The opposition of the pro
ponents of the federal canal, led by John
J. McGilvra and Judge Burke, had grown
to formidable proportions. Will H. Parry,
in 1900, quit the Moran Bros.’ shipbuilding
enterprises to champion the south canal.
The extraordinary genius of Mr. Parry for
organizing and directing won the south
canal project a second victory, yet it was
Mr. Parry himself who, five years later,
brought both factions together and united
Seattle in its demand for the Salmon bay
waterway.
In 1902 congress appropriated 8160,000
to dredge in Salmon bay, but dealt the canal
proponents a staggering blow by stinulet
ing 'hat none of the money w*as to hr- snout
toward a ship canal to the lake?. A federal
investigating board came to Seattle that
year to consider Seattle’s protests. As a re
sult of what it heard the board reported to
the secretary of war that the north canal
was the feasible project, but that Seattle
did not really need any canal.
Canal Association Organized
Two years later Seattle united in its de
mands for the Salmon bay ship canal. The
following year Janies A. Moore offered to
dig the canal if King county would sub
scribe half a million dollars. The voters ap
proved this bonus.
The Lake Washington Canal Association,
formed to “take the canal out of politics,”
and incidentally to build it as a business
proposition, secured title to Mr. Moore's
agreement with the federal government, but
failed to raise the needed money by an as
sessment district.
In 1910 the voters of King county author
ized spending three-quarters of a million
dollars for the north canal. The state con
tributed $200,000 more, secured from the
sale of lake shore lands in 1909.
Construction of Locks Ordered
The canal association, with a million dol
lars for building, eventually brought about
the federal construction of the locks. Sen
ator John L. Wilson and Governor Mc
Graw were instrumental in securing from
congress authoriiation of the survey which
secured the successful completion of Se
attle’s cherished project. On June 30, 1911,
the secretary of war ordered the work to
proceed.
The canal was built by the co-operation
of King county, the state and the federal
government. The county and state paid
for excavating the waterway and, secured
the federal government from r 11 damage.
The federal government constructed the
locks.
So it happens that next week Seattle will
add 100 miles to the shore line of its har
bor by incorporating two fresh water lakes.
The dream of sixty three years has quietly
become a reality.
-«
GERMANS ARE DEPORTED
BY JAPANESE GOVERNMENT
Japan’s order of deportation against five
German business men of Yokohama, which
already has been carried out. has brought
into discussion the entire treatment of the
German civilians as well as German prison
ers in Japan.
The authorities make no statement in
connection with the deportation beyond the
declaration that the men were dismissed
from the country because of conduct det
rimental to the interests of Japan and her
allies. Japanese newspapers, however, al
lege that four of the Germans, namely,
those connected with the firm of Otto,
Keimers & Co., were dismissed because they
shipped copper through neutral countries
destined for Germany. Some newspapers
say they understood on good authority that
a Japanese copper mine had actually been
worked by the company and its products
forwarded to Germany through the United
States.
The deported Germans include Martin
Pors. manager of Otto, Refiners & Co.;
H. Fokkes. K. kischer anti C. Heitmann.
The fifth German dismissed is M. F. Ben
gen. manager of Bergmann & Co., Yoko
hama.
The investigations of the police covered
several months, and the evidence in each
case is said to fill more than 500 written
pages. The incident is regarded as show
ing that the authorities are constantly ex
ercising a strict surveillance over the Ger
man civilians resident in Japan.
lbe Japan Gazette, published at Yoko
hama, pnnts a copy of an affidavit which
was sworn to by Martin Pors last July at
the American consulate at Yokohama. The
affidavit declares that the copper business
transacted by the firm of Otto, Renners
& Co. in Japan since the outbreak of the
war has not been done and is not done
wi th C lermany, nor with Germany as the
ultimate destination. It continues by say
ing that all the copper shipped by the firm
to New' York is sold in New York through
its agent, E. P. Earle, an American citizen,
to various American refining establish
ments. The affidavit was sworn to before
George II. %'cidmore, who subscribed him
self as consul general of the United States
in charge of German interests in Yoko
hama.
Several cases of outbreaks among th •
German prisoners of war have led the Jap
anese press to declare that the authorities
are treating the prisoners too liberall y The
most recent trouble occurred at the camp
st Kurume, when a Japanese guard is
said to have been assaulted by a German
prisoner after he had warned the prisoner
to be more careful about smoking and
about throwing live ashes on the floor. The
Ji.ii declares that the authorities should deal
with Germany and its people in a manner
different to that accorded to other nations.
It expresses the opinion that a sharp
W'atch should be kept over the German
residents in Japan, all of whom, it thinks,
should have been expelled from the country
long ago.—Tokio dispatch.
--♦
Fresh Olympia and Eastern Oysters, $1.50
per can. Iditarod Meat Co.
PROMINENT SEATTLE MAN
SPEAKS FOR HIGH WAGES
FOR ALASKA RAILROADERS
Laborers and skilled mechanics who went
i on strike against the government railway
j commission at Anchorage, Alaska, a few
: weeks ago, demanding higher wages and
1 the eight-hour day on railroad construction
work, were pledged the support of Seattle
; unionists at a recent meeting of the Seattle
Labor Council, which took official cogniz
i auce of the appointment of the federal
commission to investigate and settle the
j strike and named a committee to meet the
1 commissioners before they sailed from Se
attle and urge them to deal liberally with
the strikers.
A letter from Maurice D. Leehey. a Seattle
lawyer who has large mining interests in
! Alaska, was the basis of the council’s ac
tion. Leehey ca'led the council’s attention
to the fact that the strike commissioners
: are all Eastern men, and for that reason
could not be expected to grasp the situation
' at Anchorage as quickly or to give it the
liberal consideration that Alaskans would
1 demand.
"Any prosperity in Alaska in the past.’
said the Leehey letter, "has been wholly
due to the higher returns given the labor- >
' ing man for his services. Alaska must he j
a lend of high wages, or people will not j
i go there. All of us here in Seattle are j
vitally interested. We must see that a j
high wage scale is maintained in that ter- '
ritory. Indeed, we must have higher re- j
1 turns for both labor and capital, else neither j
will go to Alaska. It is to our interest here j
in Seattle to do everything we can to as- i
sure a higher return for both-in Alaska.” j
Leehey’s suggestion was that the council j
appoint a committee to co-operate with
the Alaska bureau of the Chamber of Com- j
meree to take the commissioners in hand
immediately on their arrival from the East
aid give them all desirable advance in j
formation regarding the Anchorage situa
tion. The committee was appointed.
The council's action is consistent, says j
C. D. Stratti n, in the Seattle Times, in
that it was the first labor organization to
register a protest when the Alaska rail
road commission’s chairman announced that ;
conditions in Alaska would compel long ;
hours of labor and low wages for men en- j
gaged in building the government railroad, j
and that the commission’s policy would be :
to disregard the federal eight-hour day law j
and let station work contracts as cheaply |
as possible.
DAWN OF DEMOCRACY
IN DOMAIN OF THE CZAR
PETROGRAD, April 8.—Out of the tears
and sufferings of the great war a new Russia
is being born a Russia of fair government,
progress and economic solidity. This is
the belief of many patriots.
Perhaps it is all a beautiful dream. The
patriots were profoundly discouraged last
September when the czar prorogued the
duma. But hope revived end was intensi- !
lied fivefold when Nicholas not only called
together his congress again but appeared in
person at the opening of this representative
body and welcomed the members in the
name of victory.
It is hard for Western minds to compre
hend just what this action of “The Little
Father” meant to the Russian mujik. To
the humble peasant his czar is a demigod,
indeed almost an equal of the Virgin Mary
and the Christ. For him to receive per
sonal.y the peasants' representatives was an
inspiration for the war-driven Russian.
The further proceedings of the duma will
therefore be watched with more interest
than ever. The body is patriotic to the
last man, and the liberal block or union of
parties has decided to forego pressing for
reforms until the crisis in the nation’s his
tory is past.
The premier, M. Sturmer, has a record of
conservatism which does not recommend
him to the liberal elements; yet, like the
czar, he now conciliates the most radical
and causes the mighty people to oppose a
united front to the Germans.
The honest attempts of the government ]
to solve the transportation problem, which
has resulted in famine in one province with
a superabundance of the needed products in
another near-by province, are generally rec
ognized. The efforts have not met with
great success, however. Russian bu
reaucracy, unlike the German brand, is not
efficient. But the spirit in which the prob
lem has been met, like the severe measures
taken to root out and punish war grafting
in high places, has encouraged the intel
lectuals to look for better things.
M. Sazonoff, the foreign minister, is an
other government official who, although a
conservative, has gained the respect and
confidence of the people. It is felt that
Russia’s delicate relations with her allies
and with Sweden and the United States are
in good hands.
Even if Russia should lose this war, or it
should result in a draw, great changes are
to be expected. Russian reforms have
grown out of the conflict. When Lloyd
George, the British minister of munitions,
said that German arms are blasting the
fetters off backward Russia he told the
truth.
It was the constant incursions of the
Tartars which led to die consolidation of
old Russia about Moscow. A reign of terror
in the first half of the Seventeenth cen
tury led to the foundation of the house of
Romanoff, under which the Russian empire
has grown to its pre-ent greatness.
A century later the war with Sweden
brought the nation to a realization of its
need of Western ways. Under Peter the
Great the Swedish struggle resulted in the
permanent alignment of Russia with the
nations of the West, instead of the civiliza
tions of the East.
With the Napoleonic wars Russia took
several more steps out of her semi Asiatic
seclusion. The Crimean war brought a fur
ther spread of enlightened ideas and had
much to do with the famous emancipation
of the serfs. The feudal system received
further blows at the end of the Turkish
war of 1877-78.
As a climax to the Russo-Japanese war
came the revolution of 1905, the birth of
the first duma, and the seeming dawn of
freedom.
But it was a false dawn. There followed
reaction of the most h rrible sort, pogroms,
wholesale arrests, the suppression of liberal
ideas and great shipments of intellectual
leaders to Siberia.
This era was pa-sin;; away when the war
began. In the spring of 1914 the duma
dared to refuse to pass the budget. It
fought with the reactionary government on
almost equal terms.
The war caused toe liberal leaders to
consent to delay. Old institutions were al
lowed to stand unchallenged in the hour of
crisis, when every nerve and sinew of the
nation was needed io the great trial of
arms.
The war itself ha done much to en
lighten. The ignorant young peasant, who
seldom went more than fifty miles from
his little village, has traveled to the battle
front and talked with ill sorts of men lie
never dreamed existed.
The suppression of vodka has wrought
marvels. The older peasant, instead of
spending his evening- in besotting revel-,
now takes his place in a little group around
some man or woman who can read, and
listens to the latest news about the war
or the words of wisdom from some volume
purchased at the neighboring town by the
joint contributions of many poor folk.
Russia is moving and stirring. The world
is bound to hear mon of the Slavs. Back
ward, dirty and ignonnt, the vast mass is
today, but it cannot be denied its place.
Europe today has about 130,000,000 Slavs
to 70,000.000 German? In Russia the rate
of increase of popul ition is 2.01 a year,
while in Germany it i- 1.40 and falling. This
birth rate of Russia is an insuperable force.
Russia has natural resources greater than
those of all the rest < f Europe put together.
These are almost wholly undeveloped. As
the Slavic consciousne-s- finds itself and mod
ern ideas spread, the Slavic influence in
world affairs is boun 1 to grow.
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE
To B. Anderson, J. Eldridge and \V. Mc
Curdy, and to tneir heirs and assigns:
Yon are hereby notified that the under
signed has expended in each of the years
1914 and 1915 the sum or one hundred
dollars In labor and improvements upon the
Chicken Association placer mining claim,
situated on Chicken creek, a tributary or
Bonanza creek, in Ot.er precinct. Fourth di
vision, territory of Alaska, the location cer
tificate or which is f mnd of record in Vol.
i. Page 362, in the office or the recorder
for said precinct, in order to hold said
claim under the provisions of Section 2324
or the Revised Statutes of the United Stales
and the amendment hereto approved Janu
ary 22, 1880, concerning annual labor upon
mining claims, belli; the amount required
to hold said placer mining claim for the
periods ending on the 31st day of Decem
ber. 1914, and the list day of December.
19 15.
And ir xvlthin nin< ty days front the per
sonal service of t lis notice, or within
ninety days after the publication thereof,
yeii fail or refuse to contribute your pro
portion of such expenditures as a co-owner,
your interests In t le said placer mining
claim will become the property of the sub
scriber, your ro-oxxoier, who has made the
required expenditures, by the terms of said
section. D. McOUINN’ESS.
First publication, April 15, 19 16.
bast publication, July 8, 19 16.
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE
To J. F. Baird, Marie Baird and Charles
Ho.xsie, and to (heir heirs and assigns:
You are hereby notified that the under
signed have expended in each or the years
1914 and 1915 the sum of one hundred dol
lars in labor and improvements upon each
of the placer mining claims known and de
scribed as follows, to wit: The Balnbow
association, situated at the head of Flat
creek, in Otter precinct, Fourth division,
territory of Alaska, the location certificate
of which is found if record in book one
of Locations, page 3 18, in the office of the
recorder for said pr-rlnet; the Montana as
sociation, adjoining the above described
Rainbow association the location certificate
or which is found of record in volume one
of Locations, page ?18, In the office of the
recorder of said precinct; in order to hold
said claim under the provisions of Section
2324 of the Revised Statutes of the United
States, and the amendment thereto ap
proved January 22, 1880, concerning an
nual labor upon mining claims, being the
amount required to hold said placer mining
claims Tor the periods ending on the 31st
day of December, 1914, and 19 15.
And if, within ninety days from the per
sonal service or this notice, or within
ninety days after the publication thereof,
you rail or refuse to contribute your pro
portion of such expenditure as a co-owner,
your interests In the said two placer min
ing claims will become ihe property of the
subscribers, your co-owners, who have
made the required expenditures, by the
terms of said section.
GF.O. W. ALBRECHT.
( HAS. F. TAYLOR.
First publication, April 15. 191C.
Last publication, July 8, 1916,
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