IDITAROD PIONEER
iTi’.i ism n i.mtiv sArrnn.w mdii.mmi at niiTAnon. ai.aska
Vol 6 Cco. M. Arbuckle. Publisher No. 2 1
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larly as regard' names and dates.
MARVELOUS GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES
A report issued by the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce
shows the enormous growth of the United States during the last half
century. While the report is for the period of 1800-1914, the meager
statistics for the first half of the century makes them comparatively
unimportant. After pointing out that since 1850 the population of
the country has more than quadrupled, being now more than 100,
000,000, lire report says:
“In the same period, however, foreign commerce has grown from
$318,000,000 to $4,259,000,000, and the per capita value of exports
from $16.96 to $23.27. National wealth has increased from $7,000,
000.000 in 1870 to approximately $140,000,000,000; money in cir
culation, from $_/9,000,000 to $a,419,000,000, and New fork
bank clearings from approximately $5,000,000,000 to over $98,000,
000,000, while for the entire country bank clearings have grown from
$52,000,000,000 in 1887, the earliest year for which figures are
available, to $174,000,000,000 in 1913
“Evidences of improved social conditions among the people also are
found in the statistical record. For example, 19.000,000 children are
enrolled in public schools and about 200.000 students in colleges and
other higher institutions of learning, and the total expenditures on be
half of education now approximate $500,000,000 a year, the result
being a rapid increase in general intelligence and a marked decrease in
illiteracy.
“Over 22,000 newspapers and periodicals are disseminating in
formation among the people, and the reports show a steady growth in
the number of libraries in the country.
“in 1850 depositors in savings banks were 251,000 in number; to
day the number is 1 1,000,000, with deposits, exclusive of those in
other savings institutions, aggregating $4,750,000,000, or more than
100 times as much as at the middle of the last century.
“Increased activity on the farms, in the factories and m the great
transportation industries has also developed during the last half cen
tury. The value of farms and farm property increased from $4,000,
000,000 in 1830 to $41,000,000,000 in 1910; the value of manu
factures from $1,000,000,000 to over $20,000,000,000, and the
number of miles of railway in operation from 9,021 in 1850 to 258,
033 in 1912. In the last quarter century the number of passengers
carried has increas ed from 492,000,000'fo 1,004,000.000. and the
volume of freight handled from 632,000,000 to 1,845,000,000 short
tons. Nearly 20,000,000,000 pieces of outgoing mail matter are han
dled annually by the postoffice department, which disbursed in this
important public service last year $262,000,000, or $2.75 per capita.”
One of the smallest and most curious countries in the world has re
cently fallen out with Germany. This is the tiny republic of San
Marino, which exists as an independent state entirely surrounded by
Italian territory. A London publication says: “Berlin has declared
that the wireless station on Monte Titano is being used for the purpose
of espionage in favor of France, with the result that French warships in
the Adriatic have been sending news to Pans by means of that station.
Germany demanded that permission should be given for a German com
mission to visit the wireless plants in San Marino. The w'ar sentiment
of the smallest republic in the world is now at fever heat against Ger
many. It is pointed out that since I S70 San Marino has beer, in a
state of war against Austria, having refused to sign the peace treaty
following the joint war with Italy. The population today declares that
it is willing to include also Germany if necessary. The government of
San Marino has rejected the demand that a German commission should
examine the wireless, insisting that the commission, if any, should be
an Italian one.” _
The people who do not read, says the Atchison Globe, unfortu
nately, are not limited to the comparatively few illiterates who cannot,
which is a sad fate for them, although they may not know what they
arc missing. We know a man of some standing in business who admits
he finds no time to read, although afforded sufficient leisure for fifty
seven. varieties of frivolity. He doesn’t know he is missing the greatest
of indoor amusements, which might also help in other ways than the
entertainment offered a solace which would help them when other
forms of amusement have paled and lost their interest. The long
winter evening, a book and a pipe form a triumvirate meant to make
a man forget the little annoyances of the day, besides making him
more fit for the morrow. If you have learned how to read, you
should learn to read. And reading doesn’t consist of scanning the
headlines and taking one slant at the sporting page. Learn what to
read, as well as how and when and where.
Less than a million dollars has been subscribed by the American
public to the American Red Cross for war relief work in Europe. This
same public gave a million for relief work at Messina, Italy, following
the earthquake there. Red Cross officials have been making a careful
study of the situation to develop the reason for the comparatively small
subscriptions. Business depression, they find, is responsible in a great
measure, but a larger factor is a disapproval of the war, found gener
ally in every city in which inquiry has been made. The fact that suf
fering exists is admitted, and that it is suffering for which the sufferers
are not all responsible, but the argument is advanced that whoever is
responsible should furnish the relief. However inadequate the argu
THE BEST OF EVERYTHING ALL THE TIME _
Caribou Cafe
FIRST AVE. [
GOOD MEALS
SHORT ORDERS
OPEN DAY AND NIGHT
ROBT. SOUTAR
Prop. |
ment may be in the face of the terrible logic of the situation, it oper- j
ates to check contributions. Another factor has been the domestic
demand for chanty, resulting from unemployment.
FOURTH OF JULY IN SDITAROD
The committee of citizens appointed at the mass meeting last Sunday
to arrange for a fitting celebration of Independence day in Iditarod
will doubtless meet with the whole-hearted support of the people of
the city and district. It is especially fitting at this time that the nation’s
birthday should be observed with patrioic exercises and in manner
appropriate to the occasion. At no time in the country’s history has
the w'isdom and far-sightedness of the founders of the republic been
more apparent than at present, and the heritage bestowed upon us by
those bold spirits been more appreciated. With a world at war be
cause of the encroachments of nations upon others’ realms, whether
in commerce or territory; with the old world nations rent asunder and
desolation spread broadcast because of the ambitions and thirst for
power of individual rulers and nations, the United States still stands
upon the principles enunciated in the Declaration of Independence,
and furnishes an example of government “by the people and for the
people,” lending a helping hand in humanity’s cause and furnishing an
example of disinterestedness in the midst of greed and contempt for
the rights of weaker nations. By following the advice of the first
President we find we are free from “entangling alliances,” and are
in position to be of the utmost assistance when the time shall come for
restoring order from the chaos now existing. The Fourth of July in
the United States this year should be something in the nature of a
thanksgiving for the blessings of democratic government, yet devoid
of any spirit of va;n-glory.
The outbreak of the mob spirit in England and in remote portions
of the British empire must be cause for regret not untinged with hu
miliation to all British subjects. The great provocation of the appal!
ing and seemingly useless sacrifice of human life in the Lusitania dis
aster will be urged as a provocation. Crowds gathered to read news
paper bulletins no doubt under the stress of indignation soon developed
into mobs which the authorities were unable to cope with. Mobs are
both cowardly and unthinking. After the excitement is over it will
be realized that they have been guilty of acts equally culpable with
those that aroused their ire. One compensating feature of the news
is that the fury of the maddened throngs was rather devoted to de
struction of the property of the German aliens than to the sacrifice of
life. _
A mixture of sentiment and business is contained in an advertisement
in one of the magazines. As an inducement to purchase a certam
shelter for wild birds, and thus encourage them lo stay around human
habitations all winter, the ad states that thousands ol dear little bird,
die of starvation every year, and you can save many of them.” An
other section of the same advertising space calls attention to a “famous
sparrow trap.” “Get rid of sparrows and native birds will return,
we are told. “This trap catches as many as 75 to 100 sparrows a
day. Works automatically. You remove sparrows once a day.’ Re
minds one of a certain brand of philosophy which seeks to justify
warfare. _
The proposal to prohibit the export of arms, ammunition and muni
tions of war from this country is stated by The Outlook to be abso
lutely without precedent in international law or custom. Article 7 of
Convention 4, adopted at The Hague in 1907, specifically affirms the
right of citizens in neutral nations to sell arms and ammunition to any
belligerent. If so well established a principle of international law
is to be altered at all, it must be done m time of peace. To alter it
now would in itself be a highly unneutral act in so far as it deprived
any belligerent of a military advantage secured by sacrifice of treasure
and life. __
The general rule adopted in previous wars has been that the captor
of a vessel of a belligerent nation must bring the captured ship to port
to be disposed of as a prize court may determine. When this has been
impossible the seized vessel has been destroyed, the persons on board
first being saved. Even in this war the captain of the famous German
cruiser Emden, although he destroyed some twenty million dollars
worth of British, French and Russian shipping, was not responsible for
the loss of life of a single non-combatant.
Adolf Lasson, professor of philosophy at the University of Berlin, is
quoted as saying in a defense of Germany’s position in the war: A
man who is not a German knows nothing of Germany. We are mor
ally and intellectually superior to all, without peers. '*■ * * In a
world of wickedness we represent love, and God is with us.”
Ernest Lissauer, author of “A Chant of Hate” against England, re
printed in The Pioneer some months ago, has been honored by Em
peror William for his poem. The Order of the Red Eagle of the fourth
class has been conferred upon him.i
NEW WIRELESS STATION
TO OPERATE AT DIKEMAN
Harry Watson and John C. Currin left
for Dikenian on Wednesday afternoon last,
after spending a few days in the city, Mr.
Watson, as manager of the Northern Aero
graph Company, has completed all arrange
ments for the commencement of business
of that company at Dikenian, where a
wireless plant has been installed, and which
is expected to be in operation within a few
days. The receiving mechanism has been
in operation for some time. The steamer
Washburn, from Whitehorse, will arrive in
Dikenian within a few days, and she is
bringing the mechanism to complete the
wireless plant. Within a few days after her
arrival the Dikenian plant will be in readi
ness to receive and dispatch messages in
connection with the existing government
and private plants.
The installation of this plant at Dikeman
will be a convenience which will be greatly
appreciated by all classes of people, but
especially by river men, shippers and trav
elers. Heretofore the arrival and departure
of vessels from Dikeman has been largely
a matter of conjecture. With the installa
tion of the wireless plant passengers may
leave here for Dikeman with the assurance
that they will not be compelled to wait
there several days for the arrival of a
steamer, as has frequently been the case,
and the up-river launches can be dispatched
to meet the incoming steamers so as to
make close connections.
A minimum charge of $2 per message
has been made by the new company be
tween Dikeman and Iditarod.
A JOKE ON VERDI
Giorza. the composer, who died recently,
used to te’l the following story:
“Once Verdi and I had apartments oppo
site each other in Milan. The street was
narrow. It was warm, and our windows
were open. Verdi was writing one of his
operas, and after writing one aria he sat
down at the piano and played it I Iccidcd
to play a joke on him, so I closed the shut
ters, and when he got through I sat down
at my piano anti played thp same thing.
Then I peeped through the blinds and saw
IVrdi hanging half way out of his window,
looking in all directions. I heard no more
from his piano.
“That eveiifhg, as we were walking to
gether, he was much preoccupied, and I
asked him what was the matter.
“ ‘Well, Giorza,’ he replied, ‘I wrote a
song this afternoon that I was positive was
original, and yet as soon as I played it
someone else in the neighborhood played
the same thing. It worries me to think that
I should believe another’s composition was
my own.’
“Then I told him the truth, and he was
happy”—Ex.
The inmates of the Hamburg prisons, of
their own motion, let the prison authori
ties know that they were willing to give up
part of their wages for the benefit of the
Red Cross and other relief associations. At
the same time they gave out of their pay
ment for work done in the prison from 5
to 30 marks each.
A full line of Rubber Goods at Boas’, Flat
and Iditarod. i
SOME INTERESTING FACTS
ABOUT COUNTRIES AT WAR
(From National Georgraphic Magazine)
England’s Predominance
Let us aanlyze what is known as Great
Britain’s predominance in Europe- this po
sition, if it is a position, which is supposed
to give England the casting vote in Euro
pean politics— and see, if we can, what are
the really significant factors supporting it.
We shall find that we are dealing with a
singularly elusive type of influence, seldom
tangible, and seldom manifesting itself in
precisely the same way.
It is due. least of all, to superior phys
ical strength. Never has it been possible
for England to place upon the continent
armies capable of waging a decisive cam
paign without assistance. At times during
the Hundred Years’ war the English armies,
single-handed, won glorious victories, like
Agincourt, but invariably were unable to
turn them to account in deciding the cam
paign. Since the Sixteenth century the
English have at times sent expeditionary
forces to the continent which have had in
some cas<.-> decisive influence upon the re
sults of the campaign, but they have never
been able, and are not now able, t•» take
the offensive alone against any of the Great
European powers in the field with any
chance of success. England’s predominance
•.n Europe, then, is not based upon superior
military strength; it is not a question of
force; her diplomats know invariably that
they cannot threaten coercion of their op
poiu nts on land.
Yet for three centuries and more the
English have succeeded in getting what
they wanted, and in the general European j
wars have managed somehow to secure the
victory for their side.
Let us not minimize the importance of
thi- success, nor assume that it is any the
l'*ss success because England has succeeded
n winning her victories by means of the
hands (f others. Let us not claim that the
English have selected the winning side wit’r
uncanny perspicacity and have prevailed j
because they have always had the good !
'pnse to attach themselves to the victor, j
There arc conspicuous instances where the
English have consciously espoused the los
ing side at the time when it >e med a.
if defeat were an absolute certainty.
Witness the case cf Frederick the Great
fighting nearly the whole of Europe, with
only England as bis ally.
Wirne.-s the determination with which
England declined to make terms with Na
ncl'M n when he .waned beyond a doubt mas
♦or of Europe.
Yet despite the espousal of the losing
.side and to throw into the European scale
m army large enough to decide the issue
i. . ■ jie j ngli \v e br< ught victory to
•heir banners. This, in reality, is what ve
mean by Engli-h predominant*, l-y English
, re eminence, if you will ; they have almost
:iri Mv molded European affairs as they
\ id:oi 1
Russia's Jewish Problem
!i,; n half of the third f n million
Few, in ibe w ."! ! live in Ru.--i: where they
ere officially called "Those who follow the
Mosaic creed." While the rest of the world
Germany. Austria. France and Spain
were persecuting these per,pie. Poland was
offering them ayl"::., sol they accented
that haven as a G- .••riven ivfu;re. When
Poland was partitioned ‘.lie bida oi i:. .Jew
ish population went with Rus..a's share, and
that is how Russia came to get it- Jewish
problem.
The levs in Russia have had a very hard
time of its for generation-. An td.cn rat-,
prospering wa re the native race goes hun
gry naturally arouses bitterness, and that is
what has caused the Russian government to
adopt . vh s-tenuous restrictive measure.
again-; the Jews. Instances of this repres
sion are written into every chanter of Rus
sian law. Thera is a double tax on kosher
meat, first on the gninitl and then on the
meat itself; there is a tax on religious can
dles used by the Jews; ti.e head of the fain
iiv must pay a tax for the privilege of wear
ing a skull cap during prayers; not more
than 10 per cent of the students of s uni
versity may be Jews. The law forbids the
Jews to settle outside < f the urban districts
of the 114 towns embraced in wha. is
known as the “pale of Jewish settlement."
Many do settle outside and live in peace
until a storm arises on the political h riron,
when they absent themselves until it blows
over. No office is open to a Jew unless
he renounces hi- religii n, w hich only a frac
tion of 1 per cent of them ever do.
Russia fed- that domestic policy requires
these restrictic. ns of the Jews. Without
them, and unfettered, the wide-awake -lew
would be too much for the lethargic Slav,
say such authorities as Samuel Wilkinson.
Wage-Earners in Germany
It is generally agreed that the German
working class have fewer amusements, less
leisure, and a smaller amount of money to
spend for either entertainment or li.'ing
expenses than the same class in England
and America, but for ell this they seem
contented ami happy. Dancing seems to be
the characteristic amusement of the work
ing people.
Bismarck once said that every healthy,
able-bodied man has a right to say to the
state that it shall give him work. And
that idpa has been developed to such an
extent that in 1912 there were fewer than
2 per cent of the wage-earners of Germany
out of employment. In England and the
United States the unemployed range around
10 per cent.
The employer of labor is required to main
tain working appliances, machinery and
tools in such a way as to protect the oper
ators from danger to life and health, and
must give them good light, proper space and
sufficient ventilation. Broad gangways
must be provided, which must be kept clear, J
and sanitary washing and dressing accom
modations are required in every factory.
There are also dining rooms where the work
men may have their food heated, and many
of these have libraries, pianos and assembly
rooms.
Inspection by the police takes place every
day, and the slightest infraction of the fac
tory law will be reported and dealt with.
Each week the employer must pay into the
public treasury a small fraction of each em
ploye's wage, to guarantee their old-age
pensions. No employer can discharge an
employe without good cause, and every dis
agreemnt between them goes into the indus
trial courts—the government does not per
mit the settlement of such disagreements
putside of these courts, however willing
both parties might be to compromise.
German Educational System
Education is compulsory throughout Ger
many from the age of 6 to 14. There were
more than 10,000,000 children in school in
1913, which is about the same proportion
to population that we have in similar schools
in the United States.
Every German is educated for the par
ticular work in life that has been chosen
for him. There is no drifting into a trade
or profession—becoming a machinist
through the sweeping-out-shop route, or a
pharmacist through the soda-fountain route.
Each child has his career selected for him,
and whpn his training is completed he is
fitted for no other.
Progressive parents send their children to
kindergarten at 4 and 5; at fi if they are not
there the state asks why. At the beginning
the week is divided into eleven hours for
German, four hours for arithmetic, one hour
for singing and four hours for religion. In
the middle grade the week is divided into
ten hours for German, four hours for mathe
matics, one hour for drawing, six hours for
science, two hours for singing, two hours for
handiwork and gymnastics, and five hours
for religion.
How the Poles Are Ruled
Austria has never treated her Poles as
the Russians and the Prussians have treated
theirs. Where those countries have sought
to destroy the spirit of Polish nationalism,
holding it to be a perpetual menace to Rus
sian and Prussian institutions, Au.tria has
proceeded upon the theory that this spirit,
Varcfully directed, becomes more a source
• <f strength to the government than a
source of weakness. So the Poles of Austria
are as free to sing their national songs as
the people of our own South are free to sing
i “Dixie." They are as much at liberty to
glorify their past and to speak their native
tongue u.s though they were free and inde
pendent. Except that they must pay their
faxes to Austria and serve in Austria’s army,
they are practically self governing.
And well may this be, for all the world
knows that it was Sobieski end his fellow
PoEs who saved Vienna and rescued Europe
from the Turks.
Not only does Austria allow her I Vies
local self-government, but she aho gives
them representation in the Austrian reich.
rath. The result has be; o comparative
Agree of satisfactory relation:- between the
Piles and the Austrians; so much so, in
fact, that the Russian and German Poles
have for years felt rather bitter toward
their Au.-triaii compatriots, claiming that
they are wsdectful of their brethren who are
ess fortunately circumstanced than they
are. Someone h is cl- ervtd that the P< I■>
of Austria are like tie* French in Canada;
that their nationalism is religious and liter
ary and not anti-governmentul.
uermany nas inert in every possible way
to transform her Pr h-.- into Germans. Ii
has used the Russian tactics in quenching
’he fire of their nationalism, but with no
better success than Russia had. Hereo fore
Poles were not appointed to office: l - r
addressed in Polish went undelivered. Mar
riages between German rum and Polhli
women were discouraged, tor Bismarck h i
not let it escape his notice that “a Polish
wife makes a Polish patriot out of her hiu
band in the twinkling of an eye.’’
Tliere were laws forbidding the use of
Polish in public meetings, and Polish chil
dren who refused to answer the catechism
m German were puniMn d.
In the h- :.e of making Germans out of
the Pl ies, the Prussian e ivernment decided
to colonize German sailers among them.
Firs t this was undertaken by private enter
prise. but the P< 1 ■> boycotted the settlers,
and their lands final.y w. re bought b: ck.
Then a law was enacted that no Pole coul i
build upon land.s acquired alter a certain
date. The result is that one who travels
through Polish Germany today occasionally
will see firm houses, dairies, barn' ,stabl*s,
and even chicken crnips on wheels. The
peopl” live, move and have their being in
glnrihed wagons.
When private enterprise failed to German
ize Prussian Poland the government made
appropriations, which up t > the present time
have amounted to hundred million d. !
lars, to acquire Polish land' and turn them
over to German -etTiem; but with all that
was done the Prl?»s are still Pc las. and in
spite of the lew forcing sonic to sell then
lands and preventing oilier.' from
(he German settler ha- not succeeded in
gelling much of a f 'P»VMd on IVli.-h Imvis;
and Germany has about Fur million Poles
in !icr population.
WRONG FOOT
who was a groat gunner, made ar
rangements to go on a hunting t rip at an
eariv hour in the morning. hut having no
faith in alarm clacks, he sought the serv
ices of die right cop on the corner.
“Jim/ said he. instructing the c p, “when
I go to bed tonight I am going to tie
one end of a cord around my hig toe and
throw the other end out of the window. Ar
4 o’clock in the morning 1 want y >u to
pull on the rope and keep on pulling until
I tell you to sup.”
“All right, Sam," smiled the policeman,
“you will find me on the job."
1 ate that niaht Sam crawled in, and after
adjusting the rope according to schedule,
he was toon in the land of dream-. Hardly
had he slept a minute, he tho.mht, wnen
he was awakened by a frightened cry. and
then more cries, and to his horror he saw
Mrs. Sam dowdy sliding feet first toward
the window.
“Gee!" he exclaimed, as the truth sud
denly dawned upon him. “I must have tied
that cord around the wrong toe.” Phila
delphia Telegraph.
If you are in need of anything in our
line, see us. Two stores—Fiat and Iditarod.
Boas the Clothier.
Fresh Olympia Oysters, for cocktails, 52
can. Iditarod Meat Co.
Fine Watch Repairing. ~tTay'
Professional
Mlchiga i, 1881 Alaska, 1910
Kentucky, 1891
George Woodruff Albrecht
COUNSELOR AND LAWYER
iDITAROD, ALASKA
Tl ( Pioneer AUorney of Iditarod
E. M. STANTON,
Attorney at Law
Office: Corner Willow and Second Sts.
Iditarod Pioneer Building;
l 'AS. E. TAYLOR,
Attorney at Law
BANK BLOCK
First -"y^nue Iditarod
DR. RftOORE,
Gold St., Opposite Postoffice, Flat City
Eye-Gi^:s Fitting Telsphons
DR. H. E. AURINGER,
Office: Gold St. Flat City, Alaska
Consul1 a:ion Hours in Forenoons and by
Appointment
DR. H. BEKLA,
DENTIST
Will • n e from Chicago on one of the
r.rst a!' this spring and will be at his
• file ■ t i 1 at City for about two months.
Best of Everything
ALL THE TIME AT THE
Arcade Cafe
FLAT' CITY
Cpen Dav and Night
MRS. N. P. GILMORE
FU ~:NACE HEAT
REASONABLE RATES
Second and Willov/ Streets
Wrrsn Horse Dog Barns
OPEN FOR BUSINESS
Rates $5.00 Per Month
L. LEONARD & CO.
| OPEN DAY AND NIGHT
; FLiT CITY HOHBACK & DURAND
I Est. the Grand and Eagoy's Bars
1 THE BEST ALL THE TIME
WE ARE MERE TO STAY
PIONEER CREEK AGENCIES
FLAT CITY. .Mrs. C. C. Chittick
DISCOVERY OTTER. . Harry Donnelley
THE WEAKNESS OF DICKENS
T: he "Life of Dickens" il is said that the
band weakness of that w .n.lerfnl man was
that there was "no city of tfit* mind built
again-1 outward ills tor inward consolation
and .--belter.” Here lav the tragedy of his
days that he lived from without inward,
net from within outward; lived in the open,
glitteting and noticed, with the curtains of
his soul up. More than most men he was
dependent on what others said and did.
Applause was the stimulant on which he
lived and without which his life lost its in
terest ind joy. making him restless and un
happy such a manner of life is precari
ous for public favor is fickle and uncer
tain Life cannot be carried to the highest
ends without a spring of strength hidden
from the multitude; a place of retreat, a
cl.i-et of prayer.- Kansas City Star.
Job Printing at Pioneer office._
Seward Gold Seal Pacs
ARE THE BEST ON THE MARKET
DONNELLEY. _ _
^ Gold St., Flat City
Mrs. Geo. Mutchler, Prop.
Baths in Connection
Se ;ond St. IDITAROD MEAT CO. -— “I