THE NOME NUGGET
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Entered as second class matter October 14, 1943, at the
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— SEASON’S GREETINGS
.
MEN OF PEACE
(Christian Science Monitor)
In this age of specialization a great distinction is
drawn between men of scholarship and men of action.
A similar distinction is drawn between the professional
soldier, devoted to the arts of war, and the humanitar
ian, devoted to the arts of peace.
Yet the Nobel Peace Prize (for 1952 and 1953,
respectively) was awarded last week to Dr. Albert
Schweitzer and Gen. George C. Marshall, two towering
figures who in their different ways cut clean across
these categories and meet in their devotion to the
service of God and man.
There is something profoundly instructive about
the pairing of these two names.
Superficially the men could hardly be more dissim
ilar. One, the type of Leonardo’s “universal man,” has
taken all knowledge for his province, winning fame as
scholar, musician, philosopher, humanist, theologian—
but turning in part from these pursuits to devote him
self as physician and missionary to the natives of
French Equatorial Africa. The other, built more on
the scale of Plutarch’s marble heroes, has been all his
life a professional soldier—untili called to serve his
country as statesman and diplomat and to open the way
for a battered continent to recover from history’s great
est war.
Even in their origins the difference is marked. One,
born in Alsace and educated at Strasbourg, from the
start belonged morally and culturally to both Germany
and France, writing in both languages, essentially a
European or, better, a citizen of the world. The other
L unmistakably an American, bred in the American
tradition, serving the American cause, yet by the very
ruaMty of his service qualifying also as a citizen of the
world.
Emerson more than a century ago deplored the
specialization that divides society into farmer, trades
men. mechanics, soldiers, scholars, each with a bounded
and particular view. Instead, he said, we should recog
nize Man on the Farm, Man in the Shop, Man Trading,
Studying, Legislating, Thinking. Man is always great
er than his occupation, his particular background, and
men may come to their essential nature through many
diverse paths.
That, perhaps, is the lesson to be learned from the
h' gh honors paid to a scholar and a soldier who. both
became outstanding men of peace.
Italy and Yugoslavs
Agree “Normalize”
Border Cdnditions
ROME, UR— Italy and Yugoslavia
Saturday agreed to take immedi
ate steps to “normalize” condi
! tions along their frontier.
Both nations had reinforced bor
der troops during recent tension
over the disputed Trieste free
territory. \
The agreement was announced
by the Italian foreign ministry
after a meeting of Italian Premier
Giuseppe Pella with Yugoslavia’s
minister to Rome, Pavle Gregorik.
It was the first positive step
taken by the two countries to
ward solution of the thorny Tri
este issues.
The communique said Pella and
the Yugoslav minister had consid
ered possibilities of normalizing
the Italian-Yugoslav frontier.
During their conference, both
governments agreed it was oppor
tune to proceed immediately upon
simultaneous action which will be
completed “within a short period.”
Presumably, this would involve
withdrawal of some troops from
the frontier. Both countries have
separately suggested this.
Premier Pella said shipment of
strategic materials to Yugoslavia
—blocked since tension between
the two countries mounted —
would again be permitted.
British Navy Vets Tell
Japanese Salvagers Keep
Away From “Respite”
LONDON, UP)—Royal Navy vet
erans angrily told a Japanese sal
vage company today to keep
hands off the bomb-blasted hulks
of two British warships sunk by
Japanese planes in the Pacific
during World War II.
London newspapers reported
British sailors were shocked by
the offer of a Tokyo company to
raise and sell for the scrap the
wrecks of the Repulse and Prince
of Wales.
Adm. Sir William Tennant, who
commanded the Repulse when it
went down off Malaya in 1941,
told reporters:
“The Repulse is the grave of
440 officers and men — magnifi
cent officers and men — of the
ship’s company, and I would like
her to stay where she is.”
TERRITORIAL POLICE FORCE
CANDIDATES TAKE EXAMS
JUNEAU, (A*) — Territorial Po
lice Supt. A. P. Brandt says 35
of 62 candidates for jobs on the
police force had passing grades
on recent written examinations.
They still must undergo rigid
physical examinations.
Eight new patrolmen will be
hired about the first of the year.
INDIA AND WEST AGREE ON
RECESS FOR U.N. ASSEMBLY
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y., UR—
India and the Western Powers
agreed today on a plan for an in
definite recess of the U.N. Gen
eral Assembly later this week
without debate on the Korean
peace conference.
The Assembly now expects to
recess on Wednesday or Thursday.
There are 49,923 miles of trolley
coach, street car and bus lines in
the United States, the equivalent
of 16 railroad lines between New
York and Los Angeles.
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Sen. Potter Declares Nazi and Japanese
War Atrocities Far Less Bestial Than
Those Committed By Reds In Korea
WASHINGTON, WP-Sen. Potter
(iR-Mich) said Saturday he will
seek early Senate action on a re
quest for a full-dress United Na
tions investigation of Communist
atrocities in Korea.
Potter concluded a three-day
Senate probe of Red atrocities
•Friday night with an announce
ment that he could not “conceal
my great disappointment in the
resolution of censure and the ex
pression of ‘grave concern’ passed
by the United Nations by a vote of
42 to 5.”
He referred to the U.N. General
Assembly resolution adopted on
Thursday. U.S. Ambassador Hen
ry Cabot Lodge pushed through
the resolution over opposition of
the Soviet bloc. *
Potter said he will offer in the
Senate, when it meets next month,
a resolution to ask the U.N. to
“appoint an impartial investigat
Un-American Activities
Committee Completes
Turbulent ’Frisco Hearings
SAN FRANCISCO, UP) — The
House Un-American Activities
Committee completed its turbu
lent west coast hearings Satur
day.
The committee, headed by Rep.
Harold Velde (R-Ill), adjourned
Friday night with one of Harry
Bridges’ longshore union officials
angrily pounding a congressman’s
desk.
Charles (Chili) Duarte of Oak
land, swarthy president of Local 6
of the ILWU set off the uproar
ious climax to Friday’s hearing.
Duarte was dismissed as a wit
ness before his planned effort to
try to show that an earlier wit
ness who called him a Commun
ist has a jail record.
Duarte later issued a statement
saying that he is not and never
was a Communist but that the
committee had no right to “smear”
him.
James W. Benet, 39, San Fran
cisco newspaperman and son of
the later Pulitzer Prize poet, Wm.
Rose Benet, testified that he is
not now a Communist. However,
in a dignified exchange he re
fused 'on the grounds of possible
self-incrimination to say whether
he ever had been one or to com
ment on testimony from one of the
committee’s earlier hearing nam
ing him as a leader of the Pat
rick Henry Communist Club in
New York. Asked to suggest leg
islation to check subversion, Ben
et said:
“I suggest legislation to curtail
the activity of this committee
would be legislation against sub
version of the constitution.”
>
ing commission in its next session
to bring the Communists found
responsible for these inhuman
crimes to the bar of justice.”
Potter, a member of the Senate
Investigations Subcommittee, be
gan the hearings here after Lodge
asked U.N. action on the atrocity
resolution. Potter said his new
proposal is intended to bolster
Lodge’s position.
More than a score of survivors
of Communist atrocities in Korea
testified under oath during the
public hearings.
This was done, Potter said, so
the “American people and all the
peoples of the free world may
fully understand the true charac
ter of this Communist enemy.”
After World War II, Potter said,
“Nazi and Japanese war criminals
were tried and convicted of atroc
ities far less bestial than those
committed by the Communists in
Korea.”
Potter said the sworn testimony
shows Korean atrocities as “a dis
tinct and calculated pattern of
physical and mental tortures per
petrated to indoctrinate, to humil
iate, and to exterminate American
and ALlied war prisoners.”
One of the final witnesses, Col.
James M. Hanley, said Gen. Doug
las MacArthur ordered documen
tary evidence gathered on war
crimes in Korea shortly after the
Communist invasion began in
mid-1950. As a result, Hanley said:
“We have evidence, affidavits,
eyewitness accounts and photo
graphs of the bodies.”
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