THE NOME NUGGET
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TOUGHEST WAR*
STALINGRAD THE SYMBOL
Thi> is the toughest war of all time.
So President Roosevelt recently epitomized the strug
gie that has spread over all the oceans and all the
continents of the world.
On none f the far-flung battlefronts were fighting
men and or .iians tasting the eolity of his words
nr re harm y *ran at Russia’s nattered Stalingrad.
took rank with Moscow.
Leningrad Odessa and Sevastopol as an epic symbol
of Soviet resistance.
The tougnness of the fight was felt on other fronts,
too—in the choking sands of Egypt, in the bomb-blast
ed cities of Germany. :n the steaming forests of New
Guinea, in submarine infested seas and in lands ground
by conquest and terror.
The American President spoke of four main area.'
of conflict Russia, the Middle East. Western Europe
and the Pacific His account was complemented by a
report to the British House of Commons by Prime
Minister Churchill. Taken together the two speeches
tended to set the day-by-day reports of battles, of fields
lost and won. in perspective against the global pattern
of the war. These were their words:
Brave and Brilliant
Mr. Roosevelt on the Russian theatre: “Millions of
German troc/.s see i deemed to spend an ther cruel
winter on the Russian front. Yes. the Russians are
killing more Nazis and destroying more airplanes and
tanks than are being smashed on any other front. They
are fighting not only bravely by brilliantly. In spite
of any setbacks. Russia will hold out. and with the help
of her allies will ultimately drive every Nazi from
her soil.
Mr. Churchill on the Middle Eastern theatre “Tne
army of the Western Desert is now stronger, actus. !y
and relatively, than it has even beer. ' * * l foe! able
to assure the House that they may be confident in our
eb.litv to maintain a successful defense of Egypt—not
for days or weeks but lor several months ahead."
Mr. Churchill on the European theatre: 'The en
emy can see by his daily reconnaissance of our ports
many signs and movements that we are unable to c ,n
ceal from his photography. He is also aw me of* the
steady and rapid influx into this island of United Stat
es divisions and other troops. What he does not know
is when, where, with what forces and in what fashion
he w.il be smitten and on this point it is desirable that
he should be left to his own rumination by British or
American advice or comment."
Mr. Roosevelt on the Pacific Ocean theatre: “This
area must be grouped together as a whole—every part
of it. land and sea. We have stopped one major Jap
ar.e e offensive and we have infl.cted heavy losses on
their fleet. But they still possess great strength; they
seek to keep the initiative; and they will undoubtedly
strike hard again.”
This was the curtain against which future events
would be drawn. Vital military decisions had been
nr.:do a *. a c nferenece of American and British lead
er in London last July, it was revealed, and steps
were now being taken to carry them out. The decisions
had to remain secret, but there 'eemed little doubt
i t ’he plans called for offensive action. The <tage
wa being set for a new phase of the war.
On the Volga Line
Out uf the smoke-hung city of Stalingrad a citizens’
army was pouring forth to battle the invader. Men and
women of the Volga stronghold stood side by side with
soldiers of the Red Army, manning the defenses
thrown across the broad steppes to the westward, fight
ing and dying in the low hills to the southwest and
northwest of the Soviet arsenal. From Stalingrad’s
arms factories, still functioning despite a ceaseless
pounding from the air, tanks, guns and ammunition
were rushed from the production lines straight to the
hard-pressed defenders at the front. Soldiers and citi
zens fought with their backs to the wide Volga river,
a barrier now to their retreat, with all its bridges blast
ed. all its ships withdrawn. “There is no road back
from Stalingrad,” it was proclaimed. “It is closed by
the order of the mother country ,our people.”
There were huge armies to beat back from the city’s
outskirts. A force greater than that which last year
stormed to the gates of Moscow. The Wehrmacht threw
its greatest strength mto an assault across the sloping |
open steppes to the westward, ideal terrain on which
to manoeuvre tanks. Here, where golden wheat and
corn had grown in days if peace, where clumps of!
trees and thickets once had stood, the earth was fur
rowed now by tanks, the harvest shorn by bursting
shells. The Russians, in the defenses they had built
against a lank assault, were battered by unending air,
HOME MADE BICYCLE
Pl.MP NEARS
PERPETUAL MOTION
Ponca City, Okla., Oct. —
Hank, who deals in ice
cream and candy, has rig
ged a device on h:s bicycle
that pumps air into a tank:
blows ea warning whistle,
applies an air brake to the
rear wheel and enables
him to pump his own tires
without resorting to a
hand pump or a filling sta
tion. He says he believes
the size of it can be increas
ed so that the air will pro
vide the motive power to
operate the bike. Perpet
ual motion stuff
FOR SALE
Ladies bicycle. balloon tirev
front wheel brake, spring side
stand. Late model. Practical!'
new. Inquire at Nome Nugget
FOR SALE
Pair of skiis. poles, ski press,
excellent make and practical!'
new.
WHAT THE WANT ADS
MEAN TO NOME
To Sell that gun. furniture
babv carriage, coat, trunk at «
profit.
To Buy that ice box or rug.
piano or suit, car or accordian at
low cost.
To R^nt that room, garage,
apartment or that house to de
sirable tenants.
THE NOME NUGGET
v !> Bonds and Stamps
attacks under relentless pressure
they were slowly giving ground
Tb**,r city was the key point
[■I) the Volga line, the last r* -
main mg ar- nai of Southern Rus
-.a. th pr ie if every Soviet
citizen. its great industries.
As e! »*-a r using projects.
Lv , t a art the Volga where
it P a“i on toward the Caspian
S- ’ was a vital center of com
nv. • ' * us and supplies, the
base • ? Marshal Timoshenko's
am, es as far south as the vital
G-‘» • oilfields. Now it was j
**•<■ ".<< viet Vedun." around
w " be ng written an epic
chap . >f resistance in the great
e.=t hattb within memory of man.,
T» re was no doubt that for the
G<: man armies it was the prime
object:’.-of the campaign which
they , ad launched two and a
.1
d..-* >nt g: nary of the Ukraine, ' i
( aspian Ahead
U Sgrad were lost, the
Ru- i knew, the armies of the i
R- ' would flow on eastward as
far the Caspian shores. They
.v i i be n position then to aim '
a b a southward at the great
oil is if Baku. Resistance in
Sou' Russia would be broken, j
th* rniii-s stationed there split
off i>m the main body to the
nor’ ward, communications and
sup i. lines severed with Rus- \
sia i.iies .n the Middle East, j
Th* vWhrmacht would have a;
.str ■ _ iiie for the Winter fight- j
.ng and the supplies of oil it '
needed for a long campaign. For!
•Ru-sia there would be new re- i
• source.- and new industries devel j
oped behind the Ural Mountains,
and in Siberia, the possibility
perhaps of developing offensives
now under way on other fronts
— before Moscow and still far
ther north before Leningrad. But
Stalingrad’s fall would make the
i fight immeasurably harder, and
inter, when it came, might be
as bitter to the Russians as to
| their enemy.
The epic of resistance at Stalin
grad had been repeated in the
foot hills of the Caucasus. There
the Red Army had fought fierce
ly to defend the Black Sea port
of Novorossisk, losing it only af
ter many days of bitter struggle.
To the eastward, on the road to j
i the Grozny oilfields by the Cas-;
! pian’s shores, the Russians ap- '
l peared to have stemmed the Ger
j man advance, trapped some '
! Wehrmacht units in the narrow
I valleys and basing their defens- j
' es on the natural barriers of the
region.
—New York Times
- — 1 _
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I
President Roosevelt Calls For
Action In Battle Against Inflation
plain justice—and plain common
sense.
Taxes
The nation must have more
money to run the war. People
must stop spending for luxuries.
Our country need1- a far greater ^
share of our incomes. For this is
a global war and it will cost this
nation nearly one hundred bil
lion dollars in 1D43.
Ir. the background of the Prcsi
d ’it’s renewed demand for legis
lative action lay four-and-a-half
months’ progress on the other 4
points of h s anti-inflation pro
gram The President’s April me
sage had been followed prompt
ly by restrictive orders that curb
ed credit buying. The Office of
Pric« Control had quickly set
ci .lir.gs on n» nriy all commodit
ies, rents and services, except
the restricted farm products. A
voluntary campa.gn to spur war
b'nd buy ng had been less suc
cessful; last week compulsory sav
r.g was in prospect. But :n May
sugar had been rationed. So had
gasoline for Eastern motorists.
P.-cgrcs- had been made by the
War Labor Board in stabilizing
wages in certain key industries.
Aij these results stemmed from
executive action.
The President mentioned them
in his radio talk. But he also re
iterated that the 7-point plan had
been an integrated whole, that in
order to stop inflation it was
necessary to adopt the entire pro
gram. On this thesis was based
his sharp reminder to the legis
iators, his threat to take the re
sponsibility fi r action if the curb
on farm prices was further de
layed.
Reaction Varied
Some Congressmen greeted his
words with charges of “dictator
ship.” others approved the mes
sage. Reaction throughout the
country wxs favorable. Large sec
tions of public opinion, in fact,
appeared to have been ahead of
the President Evaluating the re
spone, legislator on Capitol Hill
went to work o nthe tasks set
by the Admimsration.
Chief point of disagreement
was on the method to be used
in granting the power sought by
the President. A proposal to give
him sweeping authority over
farm prices and wages was ap
posed as too drastic. Some legis
Iators felt that wage controls by
Presidential directive; in the Sen
ate a resolution along similar
lines was being drawn. As lead
ers of the two houses conferred
in an effort to iron out minor
differences, it was evident that
(lie majority wished to let the
(Continued on Page Three)
Four and a half months ago
President Roosevelt in a radio
address to the American people ;
attacked the problem of inflation, j
His speech outlined a plan he j
had presented to Congress to j
check the rising cost of Jiving.
He pointed out that already liv- !
ing costs had spiraled 15 percent ,
in little more than a year and
that the rate of increase was be
ing accelerated. He warned that
the trend constituted a major
peril, that failure to stop it j
would disrupt the national econ
omy and the reby undermine the
crucial war effort.
The President’s eonci : n was
caused by the operation of forc
es set in motion by the country’s
change from peacetime ti war
time production. The vr*: re
armament program b< gun in j
1940 had given many A/rericans j
new buying power, at the same i
time had lessened the produc- |
t;on of consumer goods as factor ;
ies switched to munit ns. The :
pressure of expanding demand j
and dwindling supply had set the )
inflation spiral in motion. To ;
curb the danger it was necessary i
to stabilize all factors in the cost
of living and to drain away the
surplus buying power respon
sible for price rises. To this end
the President presented a seven
point program:
(1) Heavy taxation, with “rea
sonable” limits on war profits;
no American incomes to exceed
$25,000 yearly after payment of
taxes.
(2) Establishment of wholesale
and retail price ceilings on com
modities xind of rent ceilings in
industrial areas engaged in war
production. Commodity prices to
be frozen at March, 1942 levels.
(3) Stablization of wages on
the basis of the current cost of
living.
(4) Stablization of farm pro
duct prices at “parity” instead of
i the 110 percent of “parity” call
j ed for by the Price Control Act
of January, 1942.
s (5) Heavier buying of war
; bunds to drain off purchasing
power. The Treasury goal was
$1,000,000,000 a month.
(6) Rationing of scarce, es
sential commodities.
| (7) Steps to discourage credit
buying and to encourage the pay
; ment of debts.
j
Renewed Attack
Recently the President again
took up the fight on inflation. In
a message to Congress followed
by a radio address to the nation
he declared that the attack was
faltering on three of the seven
sectors he had outlined last Ap
ril. He asked Congress to act on
nvo—farm prices an dtaxes. He
promised to follow with action
on the third—wage stabilization.
Viewing uncontrolled farm
prices as the key to a continued
rise in he cost of living, the
President demanded that Co:»
gross put a parity ceiling a owe
farm product prices by Oct. 1. He
defined parity as the relative
ration that existed some thirty
years ago between the purchas
ing powers of farmers and city
workers—when the farmer had a
satisfactory purchasing power.
He reminded Congress that in
stead of setting up parity, the
Price Control Act of last Jan
uary had forbade farm price ceil
ings below 110 percent of parity.
In the event the men of Capitol
Hill failed to bring this ceiling .
down to parity levels, the Chief
Executive would take the neces i
sary action himself. His words:
The Need For Action
Over-all stabilization of prices
and salaries and wages and pro- 1
fits is necessary to the cont.nu
ed increasing production of plan
es and tanks and ships and guns.
If we wait for two or three or
four or six months it may well
be too late.
Farm Prices
The average possible ceiling is
now about 116 percent of parity i
for agricultural products as a
whole. This act of favoritism * •
has increased the cost of food |
to everybody * * The purpose i
should be to hold farm prices at \
parity, or at levels of recent date
whichever is higher. * * * I have
recommended that in addition to
putting ceilings on all farm pro
ducts now, we also place a defin
ite floor under those prices for a
period beginning now, continue
ing through tin' war, and for as
long as necessary after the war.
Wages
The purpose should also be to
keep wages at a point stabilized
I with today’s cost of living ltotli
(fuini prices unu wagon) must be
regulated al the same time, and
neither one of them can or
should be regulated without the
other. * * * At. the same time
that farm price* arc utabilized, I
will alubili/.o wages. That is