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flomc Daily Hugget
an INDEPENDENT NEW8PAPER
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UEO. S. MAYNARD
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CHAS. SANDFORD, Editor.
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Entered as second-class matter Feb.
26, J80J. at the Poatoftlce at Nome,
Alaska, under the Act o( Congress of
Viitvo k. 1X78.
, Copy for regular advertisements
mum be is by 10 o’cleck on tbe day of
publication.
iSity Official Paper
NOME, ALASKA, SEPT. 15, 1915.
in aduitiun to furnishing a furthei
example of me remarkable changes in
international views effected by Ihe war
Hie belated declaration of the western
allies that cotton, owing to its vital
importance in the manufacture of cer
ium forms of high explosives, rightful
ly belongs in that class of commodities
designated as contraband, also discloses
that until very recently they were
either not aware of ordid not realize
that, to them, ery important fact that
this commodity was one of the most
essential elements in the German meth
od of manufacturing powder. That
boii Britain and France were not fully
aware of the tremendous importance ol
cotton to the enemy, is indicated by
the laet that, during the earlier periods
of the war, not only did they permil
ci.1 cotton shipments to pass unre
stricted through the lines ot the block
ading tleet, thereby enabling Germans
to lay up vast stores for future use
but, it will also be remembered thai
Britain delivered to the American gov
ernment her solemn assurance tha
cotton would be held exempt fron
seizure, even though destined to Ger
man ports. This was but a few shor
months ago, yet today not only has cot
ion been declared one of the most dan
gerous forms of contraband, but, In ad
dition, Britain, on behalf of her alllec
is engaged In a diplomatic controversy
with the United States over the mattet
of permitting cotton cargoes to pass to
even neutral ports where they might
become accessible to the Teuton allies
Whereas cotton was looked upon as the
most innocent of commodities several
months ago, today the allies are clam
oring for us to place an embargo on
shipments to European countries and
thereby bring the war to an early end
If wo may accept without reservation
the statement of Sir Hiram Maxim, In
the event of cotton being completely
stopped, the giant struggle could not
lust more than a very few months ow
ing to I lie inability of the Oermans to
obtain the necessary material for pow
der making. Other authorities point
. ,i • ’ v - * • I
out that a cotton embargo at the be j
ginning of the war would have brought
the great struggle to an end hy th<
present time.
The placing of an embargo on cotton
is, to us, eminently undesirable, not
only because ol the fact that such ac
tion would be the death blow of one 01
our most valuable industries at least
during the war period, but also suci
action would mean nothing less thai
that We should be lending probably the
greatest aid to the allies possible to ex
tend. To ourselves deprive Germany
of the chance to obtain cotton for hei
war uses would mean nothing less than
that we would strangle her opportunity
to win. We can no more place an em
bargo on cotton at the present tlnn
than we can cut off the sale of wai
munitions to the allies. Either uetioi
means nothing less than that the sldr
principally depending on receiving sucl
commodities Is bound to lose. Tht 1
most prominent fact In connection with j
the matter Is the tremendous influenct '
which can be exerted by the United!
States upon the present and future con
duct of the war. It is virtually within
the power of the United States govern
ment to bring about the victory ol
either side through the mere matter 01
uttering a word or two; but to do so
to the detriment of either side la mani
festly unfair and therefore cannot hi
considered.
There is room tor the belief that the
prison of the future is not to be so much
a place of punishment as uu eduactional
institution to give men who have made
the wrong start in life a chance to be
gin uguin under mure favorable cir
cumstances. The humanitarian view oj
the prison's mission is the outgrowtl
of many years of slow progress, and
It must be admitted that some of tht
Institutions have progressed so far thai
there is little lacking in their likeness
to a great school except the college yel
and liberty.
| Hie new penology is making radiea
changes in the old attitude toward tilt
convict. Tile old-style methods 01
knock down and stand i.p, the strait
jacket, the water cure and the dark
cell and other medieval remedies for tht
reform of criminals are going out ol
use and a new humunitarianism is be
mg practiced. The graduate of a two
to five or ten years' course in the aver
age state penitentiary is likely to gc
out in the world equipped with a tech
nical knowledge of some avocation that
will be of practical use to him in mak
ing an honest living. Not only this, but
tiie man is protected and assisted ii
making his new start in the world.
The ordinary trades are taught in
many prisons, and in several of them
the arts come in for intensive study
Many convicts nowadays knit and paint
and study free-hand drawing as side
lines to general education. Forty con
victs in the eastern penitentiary oi
Pennsylvania are taking a correspond
ence course in agriculture from Penn
sylvania state college. As they pro
grcg(s (in their studies they will be
placed in practical work on the prison
farm. Farm work has been found ol
enormous utility In awakening new In
terest In life for the convict and in It;
effect on his general health and outlook
upon life.
If the new methods are applied rn
1 tlonaly, and the feature of punishment
for crime be not totally lost to sight, the
effect will be wholly helpful. While
much may he done to make the convict
a good citizen, the prison should not be
placed in the light of rewarding crime
and its function of impressing the
wrongdoer with the fact that punish
ment is likely to follow crime should
be in mind.—P.-l.
FEW POTATOES TO BE
IMPORTED FROM* OUTSIDE
That the interior of Alaska has prov
en Itself a suitable place to grow pota
toes as good as can he raised anywhere
In the United States is evident from
the fact that the merchants of Fair
banks, who have been shipping In large
amounts each year, will import bu!
few spuds this fall. The manager ol
one of the larger establishments ai
Fairbanks said recently that the potato
Imports this year would not be 25 pei
cent vi me amount drought in hist sea
sou.
j,awii year, rul me past six years, till
number ul imported potatoes uas oeen
ueei'easing gradually until today, tilt
imports ate a negligible quantity.
-aaiiy ot me merchants VM10 importeu
,...uoes last year at a great ox pen
declare that they were not as good ai
me greater pan of me home-grown
product.
i lie rairbanKs commercial Club has
uecii muKing an auempi, also, to induct
lie quartermaster's department to put
ciiase all the potatoes, used by the
uiiny, trorn farmers of the interior.
i.usi year there were some largt
shipments of potatoes to the lower rivei
points, and me farmers say they will
i .id large quantities this summer.
.Never before has the crop been at .
good as it is ttiis y ear, and unless thert !
is (oo much rain in tiie next few weeks
tile spuds grown in the interior will1
be as gotd, if not superior to those
; i\iwn in the states,
bO TO 1 U. S. WILL NOT
JOIN WAR BY SEPT. 15
The following odds were offered by
British war insurance underwriters re
cently'.
50 to 1 the United States will not
enter the war before September 15.
fi to 1 Bulgaria, Greece and Roil'
mania will not enter the war befori
September 15.
24 to 1 peace will not be declared be
fore September 30.
i 3 to 1 peace will not lie declared be
fore December 31.
3 to 2 peace will not be declared be
fore March 31, 1916.
9 to 1 Paris will not be taken by tht
Germans before September 30.
-1 to 1 aCalis will not be captured b'
Ibe Germans before September 30.
COMPLETE DEFENSE
l tie very .puking letter of Air. Cliarlet
J. Bonaparte, former Attorney-Uenera
of Lite United Slates, published in tiie
-New fork American, deserves the wid
est consideration ami all possible em
phasis:
Hunting Washington's declaration that
| we should strive to maintain the nation
in a situation wherein "we can choost
peace or war as our interest, guided by
justice, shall dictate,” Mr. Bonaparte
goes on to say:
"in accordance with Washington's
counsels, 1 think the piesident and con
gress ought first to put the country at
the earliest possible moment in a con
dition of complete defense, then to de
termine what course is dictated by ‘our
interest guided by justice' toward othei
nations anil ourselves, and finally t(
act on that determination without hes
itation or delay.”
How many people can estimate the
time that would elapse before the first
step prescribed by Mr. Bonaparte could
be completed?
t A condition of ‘‘complete defense’
does not imply a conditon in which we
would have to rely upon the navy oi
another, and for the moment friendly
nation to guard our Atlantic coast.
It does not contemplate a situation
in which a treaty arrangement between
! foreign nations should be all that would
deter one of them from making a de
scent upon our practically unguarded
Pacific coast.
It does not permit us to excuse the
lack of an efficient, and sufficient, army
upon the doubtful plea that no great
military power could transport its over
whelming force across the 3,000 miles
of Atlantic ocean. We must keep in
mind that today the ocean is less a
barrier than a highway.
Complete defense means that we shall
be equipped to resist any foe by land
or sea, however thorougli ills prepara
tions, however modern and gigantic
may be his equipment for naval or mili
tary attack.
England lias secured complete defense
by sea at the cost of centuries of un
flagging devoting to naval development
Germany devoted forty years to creat
Our Smaller Manufacturer
sized dredges of light powor
with buckets drills ‘ capable
from V/t foot of sinking, S in.
capacity to 5 holes 50 feet
.foot capacity. deep,
lead all others.
We design, .
build, Install °ur spacal
•nd operate for de8,a" fi"® ao,d
, . , saving devices
a period of 30 . ....
jnyi installed on
I dredges of the
Dredges de- flume type,
signed and
built to suit -
conditions
under whtoh Write for
they ana to prices and
operate particulars
AMERICAN DREDGE BUILDINBf& CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
503-504 PIONEER BLDG. B. BERNARD, Manager * SEATTLE, WA8H
ins a complete defense by land. Nelthei
has thus far been able to Inflict serlout
Injury on the other In that domain
which it was prepared to defend.
Our entire regular army could nol
properly man twenty miles of trenches
England, holding about twice as long a
line in France, has seen her regulai
army wiped out, and has been more
tl.an a year recruiting, training and
equipping a million and a half of men
properly to defend her beyond the
channel.
if it has taken England a year tc
raise and train an array still inade
quate to her needs, and at the end oi
ihe year that army has still to wail
for the needed equipment, how long
would it take us to attain complete de
ense by land?
Battleships and battle-cruisers re
tuire two years for construction. Wt
ire inadequately supplied with the for
mer, and have none of the latter. Subma
l ines and aircraft are of quicker con
struction, but nearly two years would
>e needed to put us on an equality with
iny one of the belligerents in this
lespect. Munitions for the navy are a;
lacking as for the army.
It will be a long time before we at
tain that state of preparation which, as
Washington put it, would enable us "to
i house peace or war as our interest,
guided by justice, would dictate.” The
more reason therefore, that while dl
plomacy is striving to guide the ship of
state through perilous seas the execu
tive should be employing every possible
expedient to prepare for safeguarding
the nation in the case of inavertlbh
disaster.
AT THE NEW EAGLE.
Old Lewis Hunter Rye end the Fa
mous Atherton Bourbon whiskeys. Dis
tilled spring 1904-IMS, bought in bond
and reduced to M per oenL by U. B
government by the bo Hie or gallon.
School Supplies. See our window.
Lomen Bros.
WE CAN OO IT.
For first class work and prompt de
livery phone Main 151 and the Poople’s
Steam Laundry will call and get your
laundry.
W. J. WILLIAMSON. Prop..
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A complete lino of school booke.
Lomen Bro*.
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WEDNESDAY & THURSDAY
DANIEL FROHMAN
Presents
CECELIA LOFTUS
In the popular novel and famous
Play
A Lady of
Quality
A Romance of the Daya of
Knighthood in
5 PARTS 5
MR8. LA CLERQ, Pianist.
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PAID UP CAPITAL. 50,000
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