HUDSON BAY CO. HELD
SWAY FOR 200 YEARS
. The Hudson Bay Company, the last
of the great English commercial cor
porations, was chartered on May 2,
1670, by Charles II and ceased to exer
cise its monoply on June 23, 1870' after
200 years of authority in the northern
part of North America. For many
years after its foundation the French
were In possession of Canada. The
Northwest Company, of Montreal, was
a formidable rival from 1783 to 1812,
when the younger company was merged
into the older. The principal trade of
the company was in furs, and It was
uniformly a profitable trade.
The Hudson Bay Company originally
possessed a proprietorship and a mo
nopoly of trade throughout Rupert’s
Land, as the land whose streams flow
into Hudson bay was called. This
name was derived from the famous
Prince Rupert, the principal original
Incorporator. In 1812 this Jurisdiction
(with the original authority to govern
and make war upon savage nations)
was extended westward to the Pacific
—the authority for the new territory
to last only a period of 20 years hy the
royal license. After 1859 the company
had no monopoly west of the Rocky
mountains
In 1868 the company was authorized
hy the act of the British Parliament to
surrender its powers and rights to the
crown and incorporate Its territories
with the Dominion of Canada. In 1869
this was carried out, and in 1870 the full
transfer was accomplished.
The Hudson Bay Company, in its
charter, acquired the solo and absolute
government of the vast watershed of
the Hudson bay, the Rupert’s Land of
the charter, on condition of paying
yearly to the King and his successors
“two elks and two black beavers, when-I
soever and as often as we, our heirs and
successors, shall happen to enter into
said countries, territories and regions."
In 1812 Lord Selkirk founded the Red
River Company. This interloper on the
| battlefield was harrassed by the North
west company, and it was not until
' IS21 when the Hudson Bay and North
; west companies—impoverished by their
1 mg warfare—amalgamated their in
terests, that the Red River settlers
were able to reap their harvests In
peace, disturbed only by occasional
plagues of locusts and blackbirds.
The Hudson Bay Company was al
ways careful to foster the idea that Its
territory wa's chiefly wilderness, and
discountenn' eed the reports of its fer
tility and fitness for colonization which
were from time to time brought to tr e
ears of tha English government.
Finally the Britishers had their eyes
opened through a petition of Red River
settlers who demanded protection from
the government. When in H60 iho
chief part of the territories were t: >ns
ferred to Canada, on the proposal in of
Earl Granville, the Red River country
rose in rebellion and refused to receive
the new Governor. Louis Reil, *he in
surgent chief, seized on Fort Garrv and
the companys treasury, and ro
(lnimed the independence of th - settle
ment Sir Garet, then Col. Wolseley,
was sent in command of an expedition
which reached Fort Garry on August
23, when the insurgents submitted,
without resistance, and the district re
ceived the name of Manitoba,
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ALASKA’S COPPER
AND GOLD
While the mines at Juneau are mak
ing preparations for an output that will
exceed the entire gold output of any
state in the Union, the showing for the
future copper output is fully as good.
While the Alaska-Gastineau at Juneau
has just completed the first unit of its
plant with a capacity of 6,000 tons a
day to be increased very shortly to
12,000, and the Alaska-Juneau is put
ting the final touches on its 6,000 ton
plant, with the Treadwell capacity at
5,000 tons daily, the United States
Smelting, Refining & Mining Co., which
has purchased the old Ebner properties,
some of the most valuable in that sec
tion, and which has already expended
a vast amount of money in development
work, the Jualin Alaska Mines Co. put
ting in a 1,000 ton capacity plant, the
Kensington Mining Co., the Alaska Gold
Belt Mining Co., which has set aside a
quarter of a million for preliminary
work, and several others, all of which
are putting in abnormally large plants,
It would seem that Alaska was coming
to the front sufficiently fast, but now
comes the report that the production
of copper in Alaska will be more than
doubled during 1915, with development
in the big copper producers of the Cop
per River district hardly under way.
In addition to this the Kennecott Cop
per Co., through its president, Stephen
A. Birch, announces that it has not
only the richest copper deposit in the
world, but that it is making copper at
a cost of 3.65 cents, the lowest record
yet reached. This only accounts for
two widely separated sections in Al
aska, while in between and on all sides
are vast areas where there are hun
dreds of mines, many of which are
steady shippers and are paying regular
dividends, while many of the others
are fast being brought to that desirable
stage.
.Tuneau at present is producing $8,
000,000 in gold yearly, and with com
pletion of plants now under way will
produce $17,000,000 at a cost of ap
proximately $7,500,000.
ALASKA
NOTES
District Attorney Roth and Attor
ney T. A. Marquam, of Fairbanks,
have made charges against each other
of “fixing" witnesses.
The Alaska-Juneau Alining Co. has
Started eight suits against squatters
and to recover possession of tide lands
claimed to be part of the company s
holdings.
The Arctic Brotherhood camp of
Seward has decided to erect its build
ing and at a recent meeting the matter
waa left up to the trustees to decide as
to the size of the new building, the
manner in which it is to lie financed
and the other details.
Ore from the Anaconda mine is now
being shipped over the railroad to
Skagway, en route to ihe Tacoma
smelter, the first ore to lie shipped
from Whitehorse since the Pueblo mine
closed down six wecks'after the begin
ning of the war last year.
Considerable excitement has been
caused In Dawson over the report that
platinum has been discovered on the
hill back of the town. A stampede
took place from Dawson and the entire
hill was located and the assay plants
have been running night and day to
determine the value of the ores.
The gypsies vyho visited the coast
towns of Alaska had similar exper
iences in nearly every town to that of
Valdez, where they were fined $25 and
costs, amounting to about $60 for steal
ing a tricycle. In Seward, Cordova,
Juneau, Wrangell and Nome they were
forced to contribute to the city’s ex
chequer.
Articles for incorporation of the
Schonacker Brokerage Company, of
Juneau, have been filed with the ter
ritorial secretary. The new company
consists of C. A. Schonacker, F. E.
Parsons, A. G. Schonacker and J. R.
Atkinson. All four members of the firm
have had wide experiences represent
ing wholesale and manufacturing
houses in Alaska.
A portion of the big Treawdell plant
it Juneau is shut down owing to the
breaking of the shaft at the central
hoist. The shaft is twenty inches. in
diameter and forty feet long. A new
shaft will require to be brought from
the eastern states before the repairs
can be completed. The delay will prove
the most expensive one suffered by the
company for several years.
Captain Eldridge T. Barnette, for
mer banker of Fairbanks, was in Jun
eau on June 19, according to the Em
pire, on his way to the Kuskokwim to
look over the ebuntry with a view of
establi3hinga salmon cannery. He was
a passenger to Kodiak on the steam
1 amp auum jI nvuuu, unU will dial Id
nb o.iauinio scuouner nuttier tor lilt
juip iu 11.e kuthUiiWlUi. die iiUlild
1 wm be in command ui Captain YVuild
linn, who was also abouru Hie Admiral
' ii» i ana.
1 i lie settlers iu me Vidntty ui trie
I iVlatanusKa Junction are as uusy as
, bees clearing lanu, planting root crops
and making general improvements in
iiielr nomesteaus accoruing tu the Cook
inlet pioneer. tile climatic conditions
are said to be ideal tor growing the
luut crops, uentle showers occur at
frequent intervals, moistening the soil
anil providing natural irrigation. The
prevailing weather is sunshine. The
conditions are so favorable that one
may almost see the vegetables grow
ing.
An agent of the United States Bu
reau of Education has staked an In
dian reservation about ti miles square
on Old Jimmj slough, on the Yukon,
some 6 miles above the mouth of the
Koyukuk. It is the intention of the
government to encourage ihe Indians to
in separate houses tor each family,
| with the object of eliminating the sys
tem of community nouses, which at
present exists more or less generally.
. ernment agent in charge win be
l lie only white man allowed on the re
servation. The Indians do not appear
to be taking kindly to the scheme of the
...eminent and the most encourage
ment the agent gets from the red man
is "maybe I move next year. I don’t
know. Talk with squaw."
Tnat gold was discovered several
years ago on Shorty creek in the Tol
ovana has been established beyond a
doubt. If I# believed that a man named
Patterson, who was staked by Fair
banks business men, made the discov
| cry but was drowned In the Tolovana
, while making his way back to Fair
banks to report his find. Prospectors
I have found an old bedrock drain from
| which they are able to take pans giving
returns us high as $2. The remains of
an old cache were also found at the
mouth of the stream In 1808. Wilber
creek also shows that Patterson had
found gold there as the old dumps pan
from two to live cents.
It is believed In Fairbanks that the
government is soon to take over the
Tanana Valley railroad to be used as
an adjunct to the road from tbe coast.
Surveyors, under Commissioner Higgs,
recently surveyed tbe buildings and
grounds and are believed to have fixed
the value of the holdings of the com
pany. A party of surveyors recently
surveyed a line between Fairbanks and
Nenana to see if the road could be
built to cut out a heavy grade.
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Professional Cards
IRVING M. REED,
U. S. MINERAL SURVEYOR,
Residence Seiffert Flats.
f3^-.
i Horseshoe I
( Geo. Hall & Albert Hartman, J
t Proprietors. [
\ PHONE MAIN 112 !
! LEWIS HUNTER RYE AND \
! ATHERTON BOURBON J
Direct from Bonded Warehouse '
i RAINIER DRAUGHT BEER !
Finest Brands of Wines, Liquors J
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S.S. VICTORIA
SAILINGS FOR SEASON 1915.
LEAVES SEATTLE
August 23rd
September 20th
October 18th
LEAVES NOME
SUNDAY, AUGUST 8th
September 4th
October 1st
October 28th
Sailing dates of Freight Steamers from Seattle calling at Nome.
CORDOVA, AUGUST 25TH.
Alaska S. S. Co.
R. A. CARROLL, Agent.
i
S.S. Senator
Sails Aug. 30
from Nome: from Seattle:
Aug. 30 Aug. 15
Sept. 24 Sept. 10
Oct. 25 Oct. 6
THROUGH TICKETS SOLD TO ALL POINTS IN CALIFORNIA
AND EAST.
THIS COMPANY RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE THIS
SCHEDULE.
F. J. O’CONNOR, ALASKA LIGHTERAGE AND COM
Com’l Agent, MERCIAL CO.,
Cor. Front et Steadman ave. At Dock.
f
SEE j
• UNAS. L. ROSS !
I
For all kinds of •
LUMBER
Carpenter, Builder, Contractor
B Street Phon, Black 162 1
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i AUGUSTINE 8 KVER g
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i Ice Cream and Soda Water. \ i
HtWtW'Htt'H-WWt Ml +i«.»
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t FINE SELECTION OF PRIME «■
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ELITE HOTEL AND BATHS
Steam Heated. Electric Lighted. The best service assured guests.
The best hotel to stop at while in town.
STEAM AND SHOWER BATHS IN CONNECTION.
Moonlight water used throughout. Open all night
COR. FRONT AND B STREETS. J. M. MONAHAN, Prop.
BARBER SHOP with 2 chairs and other fixtures for rent at the
ELITE BATHS.
Gk lobby }
THE LARGEST STOCK OF
IMPORTED WINES LIQUORS & CIGARS I
Scotch Whiskey, a specially Ol' Curio, 20 years old, Wm. IV , Haig
Haig ***** Perfection Johnne Walker, Mortach, Black and White,
Dewar’s Special, Seattle’s Best Beer. White and Gold. Smoke M. and
W. Cigars. The best in the market.
Phone Main 49 J. D. JOURDEN, Prop.
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