THE NOME NUGGET
Published Monday, Wednesday, Friday, by The Nome
Publishing Company, Nome, Alaska.
Telephone Main 114 P. O. Box 518
Subscription Rates Payable In Advance
Delivered by carrier in Nome and L;*;le Creek for $2.00 per month.
By mail, postage paid, outside of Nome & vicinity, $1.50 per month.
Entered in the Post Office in Nome as 2nd Class Matter
MEMBER OF ASSOCIATED PRESS
Keep ’Em Digging
Fortunate it is that Interior A1
aska is enjoying an exceptionally
long season this year, enabling
placer operators to continue their
gold production. With a third of
September sped, and hydraulic,
dredge and other placer mines
still going full blast, much of the
time lost earlier in the season by
reason of dry conditions and la
bor strikes may be retrieved. If
the mild fall continues much
longer, last year's splendid yield
my be equalled or exceeded.
But favors of the weather gods
are not all that should be wooed.
Alaskan miners face a doubtful
situation for the coming year.
Possible skilled labor shortages
and difficulties in getting mining
equipment may seriously impair
the industry.
—
The movement sponsored by
the Alaska Miners' Association,
the Fairbanks Chamber of Com
merce and others to obtain prior
ities and other favorable arrange
ments that will assure adequate
replacements, parts and the like
for the mining industry should
not be relaxed. The matter is
Vital to all Alaska.
Uncle Sam is going to need all
the gold Alaska can produce be
fore the world crisis is past and
the long uphill pull of reconstruc
tion starts. And he is going to
need more and more the taxes
that are available when industry
carries on normally. Its a cinch
he will not get them if the ma
jor industries of the region are
paralyzed.
The quest throughout Alaska
by several geological parties for
strategic minora’* and individ
ual prospecting efforts also
should not be relaxed. Alaska
may yet produce no inconsider
able quantity of such minerals.
Other mining areas in the na
tion are bending every effort for
favorable legislation and regula
tions, to “Keep 'Em Digging’’ . .
in order to “Keep 'Em Flying.”
No doubt about it. America must
maintain her mining industry if
she is to come through the chao
tic world conditions successfully.
What is being done in other
mining communities affords good
examples to Alaskans and stim
ulates thinking on these lines.
Here's a sample, from Fresno,
California, as to the method be
ing pursued in one region, full
of timely suggestions and well
worth study right here:
"An appeal has been sent to
the Metal Reserve Board at ]
Washington, Office of Production
Management, and to congress
men from the western states, sug
gesting the following program
through the efforts of Western
M inerals Associates of Fresno, to
help increase output of the strat
egic and critical mineral that are
needed now. x
“Small loans to mine owners
and operators for installation of
small mills and necessary mining
machinery, and for road construe
tion.
“Stabilization of metal prices
high enough so each operator
could repay this loan and return
him a fair profit for his efforts.
“Payment for ore such as man
ganese and chrome in carload
lots, instead of 1000 ton lots.
“Payment for 100 units at a
time of tungsten concentrates
find other concentrates sold in
units.
“Make contract with producers
for a period of three years at
least, whereby price would be
6et and an assurance of a market
so as not to have to close pro
perty down without a chance to
liquidate the loan made by the
government.”
— Fairbanks News-Miner
Buy Defense Bonds and Stamps
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^arns Registrants
Concerning Notice
Change of Address
Registrants under the Selective
Training and Service Act must
notify their local boards of any
change of address or become
liable to severe penalties provid
ed by the Act. John L. McCor
mick, Territorial Director of Sel
ective Service, warned them to
day.
Director McCormick said he
had been advised by National
Selective Service Headquarters
that many cases of delinquencies
investigated by the Department
of Justice have been due to care
lessness of registrants concerning
their duty to report changes of
address or ignorance of the law
requiring them to do so.
The Selective Service Act pro
vides that any registrant who vio
lates the law shall be liable to
fine and imprisonment, the Dir
ector pointed out. This punish
ment. he also called to attention,
is specified as “by imprisonment
for not more than five years or a
fine of not more than $10,000, or
by both such fine and imprison
ment.”
It is the policy of the Selective
Service System, Director McCor
mick said, and of the Depart
ment of Justice which is charged
with enforcement of the Act, to
take action in those cases where
there is willful intent to violate
the law. Nevertheless, he stress
ed. investigation of borderline
cases is taking up much valuable
time of local boards and of De
partment of Justice agents which
should be devoted to urgent
work for National Defense.
To relieve this situation, and
also to protect registrants who
do jiot willfully try to violate
the law. Director McCormick has
asked local boards to use all
means of investigation at their
disposal before reporting appar
ent cases of delinquency to the
Department of Justice.
In this connection, the Director
also stated that there is no ob
jection to a local board using
voluntary assistance of local or
State police officials to find a reg
istrant who has failed to respond
to notification. He said:
“If, after a reasonable effort on
the part of the local board and,
when volunteered, by the local
or State police the whereabouts
of the delinquent registrant can
not be ascertained, and nothing
has been heard from him in re
sponse to notification .the local
board then should report the de
linquent to the United States Dis
trict Attorney.”
CHANGE MADE IN
ARMY AGE LIMITS
WASHINGTON, Sept.— Under
Secretary of War Robert P. Pat
terson announced a sweeping
change in the age limits of com
missioned officers, designed to re
vitalize the Army’s field forces.
The new age standards apply to
officers of the Regular Army, the
National Guard and the Reserve
Corps. Officers in these ranks
who are serving in the field, and
who are over the new age limits,
will be transferred to what Pat
terson called “appropriate posi
tions elsewhere.”
The age limits apply to ranks
from Second Lieutenant to Ma
jor General. They are as follows;
62 years for Major Generals; 60
years for Brigadier Generals; 55
years for Colonels; 52 years for
Lieutenant Colonels; 47 years for
Major; 32 years for Captains; 35
for First Lieutenants and 30 for
Second Lieutenants.
"SOURDOUGH”v
STATIONERY
At Nugget Office
Of Kentucky’s finest Bourbons
this is the
THE‘DOUBLE RICH* BOURBON SCHENLEYSDISTILLERS CORPORATION, N. Y. C.
Report Of Dr. Victor Levine
And Ed Levin on 1941 Summer
Study of King Island Eskimos
(Continued from last issue of
The Nugget)
White flour and sugar are con-!
sumed in excessive amounts1
among the King Island children.
The older folks are less inclined
to use vitamin-poor foods and
mineral-poor foods than the
younger children, who are prone j
to make a meal of bread alone or
of flap jacks and tea. White flour
should be prohibited by law.'
The bureau of Indian Affairs con
trolling native stores should send
only whole wheat flour. This
type of flour is rich in the B vita
mins and vitamin E. White flour
is almost devoid of vitamin con
tent. White flour for the Eski
mos should be put in the same
class as intoxicating liquors.
This summer we came across a
large number of children and
adults who suffered eye disease
due to a deficiency of a number
of vitamins, especially the B vita
mins. We have seen a number of
cases of ariboflavinosis due to a
deficiency in the vitamin known
as riboflavin. Ariboflavinosis is
an eye disease characterized by
inflamation fo the lids, redden
ing of the white of the eye, and
formation of opacities. It results
in blindness.
Whole wheat flour contains ribo
flavin, white flour does not. This
eye disease was observed espec
ially among those who lived
largely on white flour, sugar and
coffee and very little meat. To
cure this disease it is advisable
to have King Island and other
Eskimo villages obtain a liberal
supply of brewers yeast, which is
rich in B vitamins to prevent the
disease, the King Island Eski
mos consume more fresh muscle
meat more liver, kidney and
heart and more whole wheat
flour. Father Lafortune has set a
good example by using whole
wheat flour himself and by ad
vising the Eskimos to do like
wise.
Plant Foods ,
The plant foods on King Is
land would be of great advan
tage in increasing the nutrition
al quality of the Eskimo diet.;
Two types of plant foods are
used: leaves and roots. The leav-!
es are rich in vitamin A and in,
vitamin C. The roots are very
poor in these two vitamins or!
are entirely devoid of them. The!
following leafy plants are used
as foods: assezets. eleukrit, sac
lait, kunghlit, ignukrit and kem
agluit and ookrik. Aleukrit, kem
agluit and kunghlit are sorrels.
The roots used as food are kakat
and kassuit. Dandelion greens
are not eaten and the Eskimos
have no names for them.
While the plant foods are val
uable additions to their diet,
they are not collected as a staple
article of food. Some are assidious
in collecting plant foods and pre
erving them in oil for use in lat
er months. Others do not collect I
any or very little.
The interest we displayed in
these plant foods this summer
aroused the curiousity and en
thusiasm of the Eskimos. More
plant food was collected, eaten at!
once or preserved in seal oil,
than ever before.
Seal Oil Poor In Vitamins
Seal oil, contrary to popular
opinion, is poor in vitamin A and j
in vitamin D and therefore can
not be considered a substitute for
cod liver oil.
The livers of the seal, of the
walrus, of the sea lion, as well
as the livers of the various birds
eaten on King Island are very
rich in vitamin C. They are no
doubt double rich in other vita
mins although we have made no
tests for them.
Liver should be given to all
sick children and sick grownups.
It is the chief source for vita
mins among the Eskimo. The Es
kimos in many villages barter
the liver to the traders and oth
ers for tobacco or some flour in
sugar. Such bartering, which im
perils his health, should be dis
couraged.
Livers Allowed to Putrefy
On King Island the greater sup
ply of liver is allowed to ferment
and to putrefy before it is used
or stored in the cave. Such pro
cess should be discouraged, as it
destroys entirely the content of
vitamin C, one of the most im
portant vitamin for the Eskimo,
and one which he is very liable
to be short of. The liver should
be eaten fresh, cooked raw or
stored away to freeze without
preliminary fermentation or put
refaction.
To Help Physical Well-Being
To help the physical well be
ing of the King Island Eskimo
and better his health we installed
a hoist at the top of the village.
This hoist we brought in last
year. Much remodeling was re
quired for its particular work.
Previously when the Eskimos re
ceived their years’ supplies by
the only cargo boat which visits
the island but once a year every
piece of freight was hand hand
ler thirty five time relaying it up
the cliff. Many days were requir
ed to get the material stored
away. This year as fast as the
supplies came ashore, they were
hoisted up the ciff. The severe
work which impaired health and
many times resulted in death,
was eliminated.
Stairways Installed
Stairways were built, railings
installed at dangerous places. A
trail was blasted to the ceme
tery. Previously several dozen
men were required, with the aid
of ropes to take a body to the
cemetery on the rocky slopes.
The hoist I had converted to
our needs and gas engine which
was overhauled and converted
for its future stationery hoisting
work, by Jim Stevens and his
boys at San Jose State Colloge,
did not arrive in time to be in
stalled on the boom which we
will put at the bottom of the is
land. This will be installed next
spring There were but two days
during our stay when a boat could
land material on the island
The natives were unable to get
to their natural cold storage cave
for their sorely needed supply of
meat Next year we hope to build
a trail to this cave by blasting
away the cliff install a pipe line,
for the water system, complete
the landing beach and erect the
boom for hoisting out the boats,
lift the oomiaks or skin boats
to safety from Arctic storms.
This is a job which tested the
mettle of every man in the vil
lage,
;
PASSENGERS AND EXPRESS TO
ALL PARTS OF ALASKA
Approximately One Dollar of Each Fare
Is Spent for Passenger Insurance
WIEN ALASKA AIRLINES
NOME FAIRBANKS
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MINERS & MERCHANTS BANK OF ALASKA J
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!An Alaskan Bank Which Has Served This ;;
Community Continuously Since 1904 •;
GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS CONDUCTED •;
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DEFENSE AITI 7
BOND VU1A
Q. Can Defense Savings Stamps be redeemed?
A. Yes; they can be redeemed for cash at face val
ue or exchanged for Defense Savings Bonds. For
example, 75 of the 25-cent Stamps—total cash
value $18.75—may be exchanged for a Defense
Savings Bond which in 10 years will be worth
$25.
Q. How long have Defense Savings Stamps been
on sale at retail stores?
A. Sale of Stamps at retail stores originated in the ‘
State of Michigan on July 10. The idea met with
such success that it is spreading rapidly, and
soon Stamps will be sold in most retails stores
on a Nation-wide basis. <
Note.—To purchase Defense Bonds and Stamps,
go to the nearest post office or bank, or write
for information to the Treasurer of the United
States, Washington, D. C. A