THE NOME NUGGET
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MEMBER OF ASSOCIATED PRESS
U. S. Plans Long
War—Then Some
1
[Forecasts as to war and post
war needs of America are em
braced in an extraordinary docu
ment filed a few days ago in
Washington by the National Re
sources Planning Board of which
Luther Gulick, Columbia Univer
sity professor and Republican, is
chairman.
The report plots as far ahead
as 1944 including a war-time and
post-war economy on a high
scale. Here the the estimates,
something to make every Ameri
can think:
For 1941. 1.800.000 men in
military service; 4,800.000 in de
fense industrise; 45.200,000 in oth
cr industries; 5.100,000 unemploy
cd. National income (in 1940
dollars): $84 billions.
For 1944 (when full-out war
effort would be finally reached).
3.500.000 men in military service;
513.500.000 in defense industries;
33,000.000 in other industries;
none unemployed. National in
come (in 1940 dollars): $105 bil
lions.
If peace does not come till
1945. the problem will then be
to find jobs for the 27.000,000
■who will have gone into the ser
vices and war industries.
The Plan sets up four objec
tives:
1) A national income maintain
cd at $100 billions: a national
production-consumption budget
balanced at a high level with full
employment, instead of at a low
level with mass unemployment.
2) Freedom of youth and old
age from the necessity of work:
a 40-hour week; no sacrifice of
wage standards.
3) Modified free enterprise, op
portunity for personal initiative,
cooperative industrial advance
ment under government leader
. ship.
4) Nourishment, clothing, shel
ter, life, liberty and the pursuit
cf happiness for everyone in the
nation.
Changing Picture
In Pacific
The landing of three American
ships in Vladivostok within the
last few days with oil and sup
plies for Russia without forceful
interference by Japan is more
than significant. Japan has pro
tested but she has not seen fit
to make an armed attack.
At the same time Japan has re
trained from possible aggressive
moves against the British. Dutch
. or other powers interested in
southern Asiatic areas, and is neg
otiating with America.
The picture might easily have
been otherwise had Japan decid
ed to challenge the Allied pow
es and to have engaged the last
ounce of her military weight in
aiding the Axis program.
1 Hitler et. all are not getting
Japanese support in the Far East,
Japan obviously has realized she
is on the spot and cannot afford
to be the Axis goat. Nazi hopes
of wining in the European con
flict and sweeping back the Al
lied forces to and across the Pac
ific are too dim.
Much as Germany would like
to decoy American, British and
other democratic sea and air
forces away from her nominal
ally in the Pacific, she is forced
to leave Japan to her own re
sources.
The long hesitant attitude of
Japan reveals all to clearly she
is not going to take the chances.
With Russia and Japan eliminat
ed as possible aggressors in thus
direction, and no longer an open
avenue to the Western World,
the horizon from Singapore to
the Arcti looks clearer.
But there’s many a quirk and
slip when in the game of war,
and it behooves Uncle Sam to
take no chances as to the ulti
mate outcome. It’s no time to
delay or be caught off guard.
Preparedness for the worst,
should the program not work out
as hoped, is very much in or
der. America can make no mis
take in all-out preparation to de
fend her interests from Alaska
southward in her entire sphere
of defense in the broad Pacific.
-.
Saves Troops In
Alaska From Hard
Winter In Tents
WASHINGTON, Sept. — Sen
ator Ralph O. Brewster, just re
turned here from a Pacific De
fense flight, criticized the mili
tary program in Alaska, includ
ing what he said was an Army
proposal since abandoned, to she!
ter troops in tents.
Brewster said he called the at
tention of War Department of
ficials to are quirement of law
that “adequate housing” be pro
vided troops above the Mason
Dixon Line, and suggested that
tents “in an Alasikan winter
wuoldn’t answer that- descrip
tion.” Since then, he has been
-assured he said, that adequate
barracks will be constructed.
14,000-Mile Trip
Brewster, a member of a spec
ial Senate committee investigat
ing the defense program, made a
14,000-mile tour of Pacific Coast
and Alaska defense developments
in Army and Navy planes.
He praised the efforts of Ma
jor General Simon Bolivar Buck
ner, Commander of the Alaska
Defense Command, to coordinate
the military program in the Ter
ritory, but said in an interview
that officers in Alaska should be
given more independent author-1
ity to overcome delays. He said
it took two months or a Washing
ton official to clear recommenda
tion of officers on duty in Alaska.
The Senator said that troops of
Oregon, Washington, Minnesota
and Alabama National Guard
■units are on duty in Alaska in
Woman In Royal
Navy Loses Life
VANCOUVER. B. C., Sept. —
The first western casualty in the
Women’s Royal Naval Service
was recorded yesterday with the
death of Lieutenant Florence
McPherson of Vancouver, B. C.
The woman’s relatives were ad
vised that she lost her life when
a transport in which she was
crossing the Atlantic was torped
oed.
addition to Marines and Regular
Army units. He declined to dis
close the number of men now at
Alaskan stations, but said it is
a "very substantial number.”
100 Feet Frozen
Brewster said he will report to
Senator Harry S. Truman, chair
man of the investigating commit
tee and also Senator David
Walsh, chairman of the Naval
Affairs Committee.
He criticized the method of
handling shipments of supplies
from Seattle to Alaskan Army
and Navy posts, saying the first
shipments to reach one post was
composed of 360 refrigerators,
“with the ground frozen 100 feet
deep.” The refrigerators arrived
even before the barracks were
constructed, he said, and added,
‘Then some guns arrived with no
sights.” Brewster said the Army
was charged with defending
Navy bases still “waiting for
sights.”
Report Of Dr. Victor Levine
And Ed Levin on 1941 Summer
Study of King Island Eskimos
The following is a partial re
port of a study made this sumJ
mer of the King Island Eskimos
by Dr. Victor Levine and Ed
Levin, Exploration Manager of
i the Father Hubbard Expeditions,
and was contained in a letter re
| ceived by The Nome Nugget
from Ed Levin. Mr. Levin is at
present making a tour of the na
■ tive villages of Southeastern Al
! aska, in company with some
other gentlement, one of whom
is a specialist on Tuberculosis.
Death Rate Among
King Island Eskimos
We have calculated the death
rate for a period of almost 12
years from January 1930 to the
present month September. Tu- ,
berculosis in all forms accounts
i for 32.6 per cent of the total
deaths, pneumonia and influenza
i for 16.3 percent of the total
deaths, whooping cough for 10.9
per cent and measles for 9.8 per
cent. If we exclude one still-;
born, deaths from accidents and
deaths from which the cause is
not given, tuberculosis represents
39.5 per cent of the deaths with
known causes. Infections of all
kinds make up 70.7 per cent of
! the total deaths.
Strange Facts
If we consider age at the time i
of death we arrive at some inter-:
esting but very strange facts.
The death rate for infants nine
months of age or under is incon
ceivably enormous. The deaths
of infants nine months of age or j
under comprise 40.3 per cent of
the total deaths. It is also sur
prising to learn that 69.6 per cent
of the total deaths occur between
birth and twenty years of age.
It is evident that comparatively
few Eskimos of King Island ev
er reach the age of 20 years.
If we calculate the span of life
j for both male and female we get
some startling figures. The aver j
age span of hfe of the male on i
King Island is 21.4 years, while,
the average span of life for the
female is 13.5 years. As a com-1
: parison we may mention the fact |
that the average span of life for f
the white male in the United
States is over sixty years and
that the average span of life for j
the white female is higher than
for the white male. The reverse |
holds true for the Eskimos on
King Island.
Statistics In Reverse
When we analyze according to
sex, the deaths nine months or
under we find that one and a
half times as many baby girls1
die as baby boys. Among the
white people in the United Stat
es, mere baby girls than baby j
boys survive.
The large number of deaths in
baby girls and the shorter span
of life of King Island Eskimo fe
males are reflected in the popula
tion of the island. There are 209
natives, of which 117 are males
and 92 are females. There is ev
dcntly a marked preponderance
of males over females on King
Island. There are 100 males to
78.6 fema’es, while in the rest of
the Eskimo population of Alaska
there are 100 males to 94 fe
males.
The above figures indicate that
there should be more widowers
than widows on King Island and
more old men than women. As a
matter of fact there are more
widowers than widow's and more
old men than old women. There
is at the present a preponder
ance of marriageable males over
marriageable females.
Bottle Feeding May be Fault
The terrific death rate for in-!
fants under one year of age may.
be partly attributed to the in-,
crease in bottle feeding. It seems
that the King Island mother can
not furnish enough breast milk
and consequently resorts to the
use of cow's milk that comes in j
cans as evaporated milk. It is a:
well known fact that babies can
not live on bottle milk alone. To
the milk must be added certain
vitamins in order to furnish a
diet on which the modern baby
can thrive and live. In years be
fore the use of cows milk for a
baby, meant death. Physicians
finally realized that cod liver oil
must be added to the milk for
mula to furnish vitamin A and D
i and orange juice or tomato juice
j to furnish vitamin C. Some nu
I tritionists now advocate the use
| of brewers yeast to supply the B
vitamins. The use of these acces,
I sories to the milk formula has t
made possible the artificial rear
ing of a baby vigorous and!
healthy and free from any dis
ease. Fifty or seventy-five years
ago babies fed on cow’s milk
alone died as rapdily as the King
Island babies die today.
Vitamins C Should be Added
We therefore recommend that
i each nursing child fed on the
! bott’e should in addition receive
' daily cod liver oil for vitamin A
and D and orange or the less ex
, pensive tomato juice for vitamin
| C. Perhaps it would be more ad
i visable to substitute pure vita
1 min C or ascorbic acid for orange
juice or tomato juice. Pure vita
min C keeps a long time and con
i sidering freight and loss of vita
rriin potency as a result, its use
may be more desirable. The
routine use of cod liver oil and
I of vitamin C should also be
. adopted for breast-fed babies,
since mothers’ milk on King Is
land seem to be inadequate.
(To be concluded in the next
issue of The Nome Nugget)
Notice of Sale of Property
In the Probate Court for the
j Noatak-Kobuk Precinct, Second
Division: Territory of Alaska,
i In the matter of the estate of
FRANK STOKER, Deceased.
Notice is hereby given that in
pursuance to an Order of the
above entitled Probate Court
dated the 30th day of August,
1941, the Administratrix of the
estate of Frank Stoker deceased,
will sell at public auction (sub
ject to the confirmation of the
Court) to the highest bidder for
cash on Tuesday, the 30th day of
September, 1941, at the hour of
11 o’clock a. m., at the office of
the Court in Kotzebue, Alaska,
all the right, title and interest of
Frank Stoker, deceased at the
time of his death and of the said
estate at the time of the sale, in
and to the following described
property:
The log store building (about
14’ x 20’) on the Kobuk River
with lean-to warehouse (12’ x
20’ approx.) connected.
The iron oil house (about 12’
x 16’) on the Kobuk River.
Frame cabin at Kotzebue.
The same being the store, oil
house and cabin commonly
known as being the property of
Frank Stoker.
Dated this 30th day of August,
1941.
Teress Vernon,
Administratrix
Publish Sept. 1, 8, 15, 22, 1941
Proof of Labor Blanks can now
be had at the Nome Nugget office
NOTICE
To Whom It May Concern:
The Alaska Unemployment
Compensation Commission will
meet in Juneau, Alaska, at their
offices in the Territorial Build
ing, at 10 a.m. September 22,
1941, and will remain in session;
for approximately ten days.
“Season Regulations” pertaining j
to Salmon Canneries, Open Cut
Mines, Herring Reduction
All employers and employees
are hereby notified that the sea
sonal regulations having to do
with the payment of benefits to
seasonal workers, as contained in
Benefit Regulation No. 10, will
be opened to hearing as to chang
es or amendments. During the
period stated above, any inter
ested party may appear and be
heard or present his objections
to any part or all of the exist
ing regulations.
Any or all the existing rules
and regulations now in effect are
subject to amendments.
Regular business of the Com
mission will also be taken up at
this time.
Noble Dick, M. D. Chairman
Publish Aug. 25, Sept. 1, 8, 15
■is j
PASSENGERS AND EXPRESS TO I
ALL PARTS OF ALASKA
Approximately One Dollar of Each Fare
Is Spent for Passenger Insurance
WIEN ALASKA AIRLINES
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PHONE —
NOME MOTOR CO
DEFENSE /\it¥ y
BOND V U 1A
Q. I would like to provide a regular income for
mself when I retire. Can (this be done by buying
Defense Savings Bonds?
A. Yes. If you purchase a Bond for $37.50 each
month, each Bond will mature in exactly 10
years. Thus at the end of 10 years you will have
$50 payable each month as each of your Bonds
reaches maturity.
Q. But I will need more tharf $50 a month.
A. Then you should invest a large amount each
month. Every $75 you put into Defense Bonds
will pay you $100 ten years from now. Mean
while, your money serves your Government
during this period of national emergency.
Note.—To purchase Defense Bonds and Stamps,
go to the nearest post office or bank, or write
for information to the Treasurer of the United
States, Washington, D. C.