ITEM 1. Business.
Registrant ("Grey") and its subsidiaries (collectively with Grey, the "Company") have been engaged in the planning, creation, supervision and placing of advertising since the Company's formation in 1917. Grey was incorporated in New York in 1925 and changed its state of incorporation to Delaware in 1974.
The Company's principal business activity consists of providing a full range of advertising services to its clients. Typically, this involves developing an advertising and/or marketing plan after study of a client's business, the distribution or utilization of the client's products or services and the use of various media (e.g., television, radio, newspapers, magazines, direct mail, outdoor billboards) by which desired market performance can best be achieved. The Company then creates advertising, prepares media recommendations and places advertising in the media. The Company's business also involves it in allied areas such as marketing consultation, audio-visual production, cooperative advertising programs, direct marketing, research, product publicity, public relations and sales promotion.
The Company is not engaged in more than one industry segment, and no separate class of similar services contributed 10% or more of the Company's gross income or net income during 1993, 1992 or 1991.
The Company serves a diversified client roster in the apparel, automobile, beverage, chemical, community service, computer, corporate, electrical appliance, entertainment, food product, home furnishing, houseware, office product, packaged goods, publishing, restaurant, retailing, toy and travel sectors.
Advertising is a highly competitive business in which agencies of all sizes strive to attract new clients or additional assignments from existing clients. Competition for new business, however, is restricted from time to time because large agencies (such as the Company) often are precluded from providing advertising services for products or services that may be viewed as being competitive with those of an existing client. Generally, since advertising agencies charge clients substantially equivalent rates for their services, competitive efforts principally focus on the skills of the competing agencies.
Published reports indicate that there are over 500 advertising agencies of all sizes in the United States. In 1993, the Company was the 6th largest United States advertising agency in terms of domestic gross income according to statistics published in Adweek, a trade publication.
Approximately 54% of the Grey's present domestic advertising clients, representing a significant majority of the Company's 1993 domestic gross income, have been with the Company since 1989. The agreements between the Company and most of its clients are generally terminable by either the Company or the client on 90 days' notice as is the custom in the industry.
During 1993, one client (The Procter & Gamble Company) represented more than 10% of the Company's consolidated income from commissions and fees. No other client represented more than 5% of the Company's total consolidated commissions and fees. The loss of such client or other large clients of the Company may be expected to have an adverse effect on net income. Losses of important clients in past years, however, have not had a long-term effect upon the Company's financial condition or its competitive position.
On December 31, 1993, Grey and its consolidated subsidiaries employed approximately 5,038 persons, of whom nine were executive officers of Grey.
As is generally the case in the advertising industry, the Company's business traditionally has been seasonal, with greater revenues generated in the second and fourth quarters of each year. This reflects, in large degree, the media placement patterns of the Company's clients.
Advertising programs created by the Company are placed principally in media distributed within the United States and overseas through offices in the United States and a number of foreign countries. While the Company operates on a worldwide basis, for the purposes of presenting certain financial information in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission rules, its operations are deemed to be conducted in three geographic areas. Commissions and fees, and operating profit by each such geographic area for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991, and related identifiable assets at December 31 of each of the years, are summarized in Note N of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
While the Company has no reason to believe that its foreign operations as a whole are presently jeopardized in any material respect, there are certain risks of operating which do not affect domestic operations but which may affect the Company's foreign operations from time to time. Such risks include the possibility of limitations on repatriation of capital or dividends, political instability, currency devaluation and restrictions on the percentage of permitted foreign ownership.
Executive Officers of the Registrant as of March 1, 1994
(a) All executive officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors of Grey. Each executive officer has been with Grey for a period more than five years. There exists no family relationship between any of Grey's directors or executive officers and any other director or executive officer or person nominated or chosen to become a director or executive officer.
ITEM 2.


ITEM 2. Properties.
Substantially all offices of the Company are located in leased premises. The Company's principal office is at 777 Third Avenue, New York, New York, where it now occupies total floor space of approximately 357,000 square feet. The main lease covering the bulk of this space expires in 1999. The Company also has significant leases covering other offices in New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Amsterdam, Brussels, Copenhagen, Dusseldorf, Hong Kong, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, Stockholm, Sydney and Toronto.
The Company considers all space leased by it to be adequate for the operation of its business and does not foresee any significant difficulty in meeting its space requirements.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings.
The Company is not involved in any material pending legal proceedings, not covered by insurance or by adequate indemnification, or which, if decided adversely, would have a material effect on the operations, liquidity or financial position of the Company.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Inapplicable.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.
The Common Stock of Grey is traded on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol GREY and quoted on the National Market System of NASDAQ.
As of March 1, 1994, there were 544 holders of record of the Common Stock and 322 holders of record of the Limited Duration Class B Common Stock.
The following table sets forth certain information about dividends paid, and the bid and asked prices in the over-the-counter market during the periods indicated (as published in the Wall Street Journal), with respect to the Common Stock:
* Such over-the-counter market quotations reflect interdealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
PART II
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data.
(a) During 1991, the Company recognized one-time restructuring charges primarily related to the absorption of the Company's subsidiary, Levine Huntley Vick & Beaver, Inc.
(b) After giving effect to amounts attributable to redeemable preferred stock, the assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and, for fully diluted net income per common share, the assumed conversion of 8-1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debentures issued December 1983.
(c) After restatement for adoption of FAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Income from commissions and fees ("gross income") increased 0.5% in 1993 and 6.8% in 1992 when compared to the respective prior years. Absent exchange rate fluctuations, gross income increased 5.9% in 1993 and 5.8% in 1992 as compared to the respective prior years. The increase in revenue in both years, primarily resulted from expanded activities from existing clients, and the continued growth of the Company's general agency and specialized operations.
Salaries and employee related expenses increased less than 1% in 1993 and 9.3% in 1992 when compared to the respective prior years. Office and general expenses have increased 1.4% in 1993 and 1.5% in 1992 versus prior years. These increases are generally in line with the increase in gross income shown for such years.
Inflation did not have a material effect on either revenue or expenses during 1991, 1992 or 1993.
During the fourth quarter of 1991, the Company absorbed the operations of its Levine Huntley Vick & Beaver, Inc. ("LHV&B") subsidiary. In connection therewith, the Company recognized pre-tax charges of approximately $23,850,000 ($11,000,000 after tax) related predominately to the disposal of LHV&B's real estate obligations and leasehold assets, the write off of certain fixed assets and goodwill, and other costs, primarily severance, in connection with the restructuring. The Company also reflected modest similar charges with respect to a small number of related operations. A substantial portion of the lease obligation settlement payments and severance were paid in the fourth quarter of 1991, and the fixed asset and goodwill write offs were charged against the restructuring reserve in 1991. These charges represented a majority of the costs incurred with respect to the restructuring. During 1992 and 1993, most of the remaining costs included in the restructuring charge were settled, and at December 31, 1993 less than 10% of the original restructuring reserve remains on the Company's balance sheet to cover any unsettled obligations.
The effective tax rate is 52.7% in 1993, and was 46.9% in 1992, as restated (see next page) and 38.1% in 1991. The increase in the effective tax rate in each year is primarily related to increases in the state and local tax provisions reflecting utilization of the tax benefit associated with the restructuring charge and due to an increased proportion of the income before taxes being derived from higher tax jurisdictions. In addition, the 1993 effective tax rate increased because the U.S. income tax statutory rate rose to 35% from 34%.
Minority interest decreased $3,104,000 in 1993 and increased $3,064,000 in 1992 as compared to the respective prior years. The decrease in 1993 and increase in 1992 were primarily due to changes in the level of profits of majority-owned companies.
Equity in earnings of nonconsolidated companies increased $1,068,000 in 1993 and $268,000 in 1992 as compared to the respective prior years. These increases are due primarily to an increase in equity holdings and an increase in the profit attributable to levels of the nonconsolidated companies.
Net income for 1993 increased 11.2% when compared to net income in 1992; net income for 1992, as restated (see below), increased 7.4% over net income in 1991 excluding restructuring costs. After giving effect to the restructuring charges, net income, as restated (see below), for 1992 increased 317.8% when compared to 1991.
Primary net income per share increased 6.2% in 1993 and, excluding the restructuring charge, 8.1% in 1992 as compared to the respective prior periods.
In the first quarter of 1993, the Company adopted FAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, as of January 1, 1993 and, as permitted, elected to restate prior years financial statements. The effect of the restatement was to increase the tax provision in 1992 by $600,000, reduce 1992 net income by the same amount and reduce 1991 net income by $500,000 by recognizing a cumulative effect of the accounting change adjustment.
For purposes of computing primary net income per common share, the Company's net income was (i) reduced by dividends paid on the Company's Preferred Stock and (ii) reduced or increased by the increase or decrease, respectively, in redemption value of the Preferred Stock.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash and cash equivalents on December 31, 1993 was $181,267,000 up from $92,755,000 at the end of the prior year; the Company's working capital at year-end increased during 1993 by $12,413,000 to $25,001,000. These increases are largely attributable to enhanced collection and disbursement management, and the effect of the long-term borrowing described below. In addition, the Company invested in long-term, marketable, highly liquid securities during the second half of 1993. At December 31, 1993, the Company's investment in such marketable securities, principally United States Treasury obligations with maturities between two and seven years, was valued at $22,425,000.
Domestically, the Company maintains committed bank lines of credit totalling $40,000,000. These lines of credit were partially utilized during both 1993 and 1992 to secure obligations of selected foreign subsidiaries in the respective year-end amounts of $11,100,000 and $13,331,000.
The Company also maintains domestic uncommitted lines of credit. These facilities, which are available at the discretion of the offering banks, were not utilized during the period. There were no amounts outstanding under these arrangements at December 31, 1993 or 1992.
Other lines of credit are available to the Company in foreign countries in connection with short-term borrowings and bank overdrafts used in the normal course of business. There were $34,751,000 and $27,464,000 outstanding under such facilities at December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively.
Historically, funds from operations and short-term bank borrowings have been sufficient to meet the Company's dividend, capital expenditure and working capital needs. While the Company has not had to utilize long-term borrowing to fund its operating needs, in January 1993, taking advantage of favorable terms offered, it borrowed $30,000,000, at a fixed interest rate of 7.68%, repayable in equal installments in January 1998, 1999 and 2000. The Company does not anticipate any material increased requirement for capital or other expenditures which will adversely affect its liquidity.
The Company's business generally has been seasonal with greater commissions and fees earned in the second and fourth quarters, particularly the fourth quarter. As a result, cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are typically higher on the Company's year-end balance sheet than at the end of any of the preceding three quarters.
ITEM 8.

ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. -------------------------------------------- The information required by this Item is presented elsewhere in this report.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on ------------------------------------------------ Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
PART III.
ITEM 10.


ITEM 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant. --------------------------------------------------- This information is to be included in the Company's Proxy Statement to be sent to its stockholders in connection with its 1994 annual meeting under the caption "Election of Directors", and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation. ----------------------- This information is to be included in the Company's Proxy Statement to be sent to its stockholders in connection with its 1994 annual meeting under the caption "Management Remuneration and Other Transactions", and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and --------------------------------------------------- Management. ----------- This information is to be included in the Company's Proxy Statement to be sent to its stockholders in connection with its 1994 annual meeting under the captions "Voting Securities" and "Election of Directors", and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions. ----------------------------------------------- This information is to be included in the Company's Proxy Statement to be sent to its stockholders in connection with its 1994 annual meeting under the captions "Election of Directors" and "Voting Securities", and is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV.
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on ------------------------------------------------------- Form 8-K. --------- (a) (1) (2)The information required by this subsection of this Item is presented elsewhere in this report.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K: Registrant ------------------- filed no reports on Form 8-K during the last quarter of 1993.
(c) Exhibits: Reference is made to -------- the Index of Exhibits annexed hereto and made part hereof.
(d) Schedules: The information --------- required by this subsection of this Item is presented elsewhere in this report.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes as follows, which undertaking shall be incorporated by reference into Registrant's Registration Statements on Form S-8, filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 6(a) of the '33 Act:
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GREY ADVERTISING INC.
By:/s/ Edward H. Meyer ------------------------ Edward H. Meyer, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer & President
Dated: March 30, 1994
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
/s/ Mark N. Kaplan Dated: March 30, 1994 - --------------------------------------- Mark N. Kaplan, Director
/s/ Edward H. Meyer Dated: March 30, 1994 - -------------------------------------- Edward H. Meyer, Director; Principal Executive Officer
/s/ O. John C. Shannon Dated: March 30, 1994 - -------------------------------------- O. John C. Shannon, Director; President - Grey International
/s/ Richard R. Shinn Dated: March 30, 1994 - ------------------------------------ Richard R. Shinn, Director
/s/ Steven G. Felsher Dated: March 30, 1994 - ---------------------------------------- Steven G. Felsher, Principal Financial Officer
/s/ William P. Garvey Dated: March 30, 1994 - --------------------------------------- William P. Garvey, Principal Accounting Officer
- 19 -
Annual Report on Form 10-K
Item 8, Item 14(a)(1) and (2) and Item 14(d)
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
List of Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
Year ended December 31, 1993
Grey Advertising Inc.
New York, New York Form 10-K-Item 8, Item 14(a)(1) and (2)
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Index to Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
The following consolidated financial statements of Grey Advertising Inc. and consolidated subsidiary companies are included in Item 8:
The following consolidated financial statement schedules of Grey Advertising Inc. and consolidated subsidiary companies are included in Item 14(d):
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and, therefore, have been omitted.
Summarized financial information and financial statements for nonconsolidated foreign investee companies accounted for by the equity method have been omitted because such companies, considered individually or in the aggregate, do not constitute a significant subsidiary. Report of Independent Auditors
Board of Directors Grey Advertising Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Grey Advertising Inc. and consolidated subsidiary companies as of December 31, 1993 and 1992, and the related consolidated statements of income, common stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1993. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules listed in the index at Item 14(a). These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Grey Advertising Inc. and consolidated subsidiary companies at December 31, 1993 and 1992, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1993 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note A to the financial statements, in 1993 the Company changed its method of accounting for income taxes.
ERNST & YOUNG
February 11, 1994
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Balance Sheets
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Balance Sheets (continued)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Statements of Income
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity
Years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity (continued)
Years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION REGARDING NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES.
In 1992, the Company granted a loan of $3,170,000 in partial payment for the purchase of common stock (see Note I).
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 1993
A. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. Material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain amounts for years prior to 1993 have been reclassified to conform with the current year classification.
COMMISSIONS AND FEES
Income derived from advertising placed with media is generally recognized based upon the publication or broadcast dates. Income resulting from expenditures billable to clients is generally recognized when billed. Payroll costs are expensed as incurred.
CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short maturities of those instruments.
INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATED COMPANIES
The Company carries its investments in nonconsolidated affiliated companies on the equity method. The Company is amortizing the excess ($6,995,000 in 1993 and $3,669,000 in 1992) of the cost of its investments in certain of these companies over the related net equity at the date of acquisition over periods of up to 20 years. Certain investments which are not material in the aggregate are carried on the cost method.
FIXED ASSETS
Depreciation of furniture, fixtures and equipment is provided for over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to ten years and has been computed principally by the straight-line method. Amortization of leaseholds and leasehold improvements is provided for principally over the terms of the related leases, which are not in excess of the lives of the assets.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
A. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
Primarily all balance sheet accounts of the Company's foreign operations are translated at the exchange rate in effect at each year end and income statement accounts are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Resulting translation adjustments are made directly to a separate component of stockholders' equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reported in income. During 1993, 1992 and 1991, foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not material.
INTANGIBLES
The excess ($63,965,000 in 1993 and $63,895,000 in 1992) of purchase price over underlying net equity of certain consolidated subsidiaries at the date of acquisition is being amortized by the straight-line method over periods of up to 20 years.
INCOME TAXES
Effective January 1, 1993, the Company changed its method of accounting for income taxes from the deferred method to the liability method required by FAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. As permitted under the new rules, the Company has restated its 1992 and 1991 financial statements (see Note K). The Company provides appropriate foreign withholding taxes on unremitted earnings of consolidated and nonconsolidated foreign companies.
MARKETABLE SECURITIES
Effective December 31, 1993, the Company has adopted FAS 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The Company has classified its investments in marketable securities as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, based on publicly quoted market prices, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity.
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
During 1992, the Company adopted FAS 106, Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions. The costs incurred resulting from the adoption of this pronouncement were not material.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
B. FOREIGN OPERATIONS
The following financial data is applicable to consolidated foreign subsidiaries:
Consolidated retained earnings at December 31, 1993 includes equity in unremitted earnings of nonconsolidated foreign companies of approximately $2,937,000.
C. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)-NET
D. FIXED ASSETS
Components of fixed assets-at cost are:
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
E. MARKETABLE SECURITIES
At December 31, 1993, the Company's investments in marketable securities consist of U.S. Treasury obligations with maturities of 2 to 7 years and a market value of $22,425,000. At December 31, 1993, the Company has recorded unrealized losses of $147,000 related to these investments.
F. CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS AND LONG-TERM DEBT
The Company maintains committed lines of credit of $40,000,000 with various banks and may draw against the lines on unsecured demand notes at rates below the applicable bank's prime interest rate. These lines of credit were partially utilized during both 1993 and 1992 to secure obligations of selected foreign subsidiaries in the respective year-end amounts of $11,100,000 and $13,331,000. The Company had $34,751,000 and $27,464,000 outstanding under other uncommitted lines of credit at December 31, 1993 and 1992, respectively. The carrying amount of the debt outstanding under both the committed and uncommitted lines of credit approximates fair value because of the short maturities of the underlying notes.
In January 1993, the Company borrowed $30,000,000 from the Prudential Insurance Company at a fixed interest rate of 7.68% repayable in equal installments of $10,000,000 in January 1998, 1999 and 2000. The terms of the loan agreement require, inter alia, that the Company maintain specified levels of net worth, meet certain cash flow requirements and limit its incurrence of additional indebtedness to certain specified amounts. At December 31, 1993, the Company was in compliance with all of these covenants. The fair value of the Prudential debt is estimated to be $31,400,000 at December 31, 1993. This estimate was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis using current interest rates for debt having the similar terms and remaining maturities.
The remaining balance of long-term debt consists of 8-1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due December 10, 1996 which are currently convertible into 8.43 shares of Common Stock and an equal amount of Limited Duration Class B Common Stock, subject to certain adjustments, for each $1,000 principal amount of such Debentures. The debt was issued in exchange for cash and a $3,000,000, 9% promissory note, payable December 10, 1997, from an officer of the Company and is included in other assets at
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
F. CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS AND LONG-TERM DEBT (CONTINUED)
December 31, 1993 and 1992. During 1991, the Company extended the maturity dates of the debt and related promissory note to the dates indicated above. During each of the years 1993, 1992 and 1991, the Company paid to the officer interest of $257,000 pursuant to the terms of the 8 1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debenture. During each of the years 1993, 1992 and 1991, the officer paid to the Company interest of $270,000 pursuant to the terms of the 9% promissory note.
For the years 1993, 1992 and 1991, the Company made interest payments of $6,529,000, $7,242,000 and $6,118,000, respectively.
G. REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
The Company has outstanding at December 31, 1993 and 1992, 22,000 and 24,000 shares, respectively, of its Series 1 Preferred Stock and 5,000 shares each of its Series 2 and Series 3 Preferred Stock, which are held by current and former senior employees of the Company including one executive officer. The shares were issued at a price equal to the book value of the Common Stock at the time of issuance less a fixed amount. One dollar per share was paid in cash and the balance was represented by full recourse promissory notes, payable in May 1996, bearing interest at 9% per annum. In April 1993, the Company, at the option of one holder, after attainment of age 65, redeemed 2,000 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock at a price of $347,000. The Company discharged its obligation by payment of cash of $300,000 and forgiveness of the holder's promissory note of $47,000. The amount of the full recourse promissory notes included in other assets at December 31, 1993 and 1992 was $763,000 and $810,000, respectively. The interest paid to the senior employees in 1993, 1992 and 1991, pursuant to the terms of these notes was $70,000, $77,000, and $77,000, respectively.
The redemption price per share for the Preferred Stock is the combined book value per share of the Common Stock and Limited Duration Class B Common Stock as adjusted in accordance with the terms of the respective Certificates of Designation and Terms of each series of Preferred Stock upon redemption less a fixed discount. Holders of the Preferred Stock may have their shares redeemed upon termination of employment prior to age 65. The Company is obligated to redeem such shares following the holder's retirement after age 65.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
G. REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK (CONTINUED)
Following the distribution of the new class of Common Stock designated Limited Duration Class B Common Stock, the holders of the Preferred Stock became entitled to eleven votes per share on all matters submitted to the vote of stockholders. The holders of the Series 1 Preferred Stock are entitled, as well, to vote as a single class to elect or remove one-quarter of the Board of Directors, to approve the merger or consolidation of the Company or the sale by it of all or substantially all of its assets, and to approve the authorization or issuance of any other class of Preferred Stock having equivalent voting rights.
The holders of the Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative preferential dividends at the annual rate of $.25 per share, and to participate in dividends on the Common Stock and Limited Duration Class B Common Stock to the extent such dividends, on a per share basis, exceed the preferential dividends.
In the event of the liquidation of the Company, holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to a preferential liquidation distribution of $1.00 per share in addition to all accrued and unpaid preferential dividends.
The total carrying value of the Series 1, 2 and 3 Preferred Stock (applicable to those shares outstanding at each respective year end) increased by $468,000 and $415,000 in 1993 and 1992, respectively, and decreased by $92,000 in 1991, which represents the change in redemption value during those periods. This change is referred to as "Additional Capital Applicable to Redeemable Preferred Stock" in the Certificates of Designation and Terms of the Series 1, 2 and 3 Preferred Stock.
H. COMMON STOCK
The Company has authorized and outstanding two classes of common stock, Common Stock and Limited Duration Class B Common Stock (Class B Common Stock), both $1 par value per share.
The Class B Common Stock has the same dividend and liquidation rights as the Common Stock and a holder of each share of Class B Common Stock is entitled to ten votes on all matters submitted to stockholders. The shares of Class B Common Stock are restricted as to transferability and upon transfer, except to specified limited classes of transferees, will convert into shares of Common Stock which have one vote per share. The Class B Common Stock will automatically convert to Common Stock on April 30, 1996.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
H. COMMON STOCK (CONTINUED)
Shares which have been issued and are now outstanding under the provisions of the Company's Restricted Stock Plan are subject to restrictions as to transferability expiring generally five or six years from the date of issue. In 1990, an additional 100,000 shares of Common Stock were authorized under this Plan. During 1993, the restriction lapsed on 1,400 shares of Common Stock and no shares of Class B Common Stock. At December 31, 1993 and 1992, there were 125,000 and 124,800 shares of Common Stock and 49,900 and 49,900 shares of Class B Common Stock, respectively, reserved by the Company and available for issuance under this Plan. Compensation to employees under the Plan of $214,000 representing the unamortized excess of the market value of restricted stock over any cash consideration received, is carried as a reduction of Paid-In Additional Capital and is charged to income ($256,000 in 1993, $252,000 in 1992 and $481,000 in 1991) over the related required period of service of the respective employees.
The tax benefit, resulting from the difference between compensation expense deducted for tax purposes and compensation expense charged to income, is recorded as an increase to Paid-In Additional Capital.
I. STOCK OPTION PLANS
EXECUTIVE GROWTH PLAN
Under the terms of the Company's qualified stock option plan (Executive Growth Plan), options may be granted to officers and key employees at prices not less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. At December 31, 1993 and 1992, there were no options outstanding and no options exercisable and at December 31, 1991 and 1990, there were 25,000 options of Class B Common Stock and 25,000 options of Common Stock outstanding and exercisable under this plan. During 1992, these options were exercised at a total option price of $3,237,000, and were paid for with cash of $67,000 and a note from an officer of the Company in the amount of $3,170,000 due and payable in December 2001 at a fixed interest rate of 6.06%. At December 31, 1993, 142,847 shares of Common Stock and 142,847 shares of Class B Common Stock were reserved by the Company for issuance with respect to the Plan. In addition, the holder of the options was entitled to receive an additional amount representing the dividends which would have been paid if the options had been exercised on the date of grant. The holder used this additional amount ($1,153,000) to purchase an additional 8,905 shares of both Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The additional amount was reflected as compensation expense in 1992 and in years prior to the exercise.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
I. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
In addition, and in accordance with the terms of the option agreement, the holder of the options issued to the Company a promissory note in the principal amount of $2,340,000 bearing interest at the rate of 6.06%, payable in December 2001, to settle his obligation to provide the Company with funds necessary to pay the required withholding taxes due upon the exercise of the options. The Company received a tax benefit of $1,556,000 upon the exercise of the options. A portion of this note equal to the tax benefit and the full amount of the note for $3,170,000 are reflected in a separate component of stockholders' equity at December 31, 1993 and 1992.
The interest paid to the Company by the holder pursuant to the terms of the two notes issued in connection with the option exercise was $334,000 in 1993. No interest payments were made in 1992.
INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION PLAN
In 1982, the Company adopted an Incentive Stock Option Plan. Under this plan in which options were available to be granted through May 1992, options were granted to key employees, including officers, at a price not less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. A Committee of the Board of Directors determined the terms and conditions under which options may be granted or exercised. However, options (i) may not be exercised within twelve months from the date of grant, (ii) may not be granted to Committee members, (iii) expire within ten years from the date of grant and (iv) must be exercised in the order of grant.
Transactions involving outstanding stock options under this Plan were:
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
I. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
As of December 31, 1993, options to acquire 2,242 shares of Common Stock and 100 shares of Class B Common Stock were exercisable. The Company has reserved 29,684 shares of Common Stock and 29,684 shares of Class B Common Stock for issuance with respect to this plan.
NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN
On December 2, 1987, the Company adopted a Nonqualified Stock Option Plan, whereby 100,000 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance. In 1990, the number of shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under this Plan was increased to 200,000. At the discretion of a Committee of the Board of Directors, nonqualified stock options are granted to employees eligible to receive options at prices not less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, and options must be exercised within 10 years of grant and for only specified limited periods beyond termination of employment.
Transactions involving outstanding stock options under this Plan were:
As of December 31, 1993 and 1992, 19,668 and 8,051 of the outstanding options, respectively, were exercisable.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
J. COMPUTATION OF NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
The computation of net income per common share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, including adjustments for the effect of the assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and shares issuable pursuant to the Company's Senior Management Incentive Plan (see Note L(1)) (1,263,900 in 1993, 1,205,241 in 1992 and 1,196,908 in 1991) and, for fully diluted net income per common share, the assumed conversion of the 8-1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debentures issued in December 1983. Also, for the purpose of computing net income per common share, the Company's net income is reduced by dividends on the Preferred Stock and is reduced or increased to the extent of an increase or decrease, respectively, in redemption value of the Preferred Stock. Primary net income per common share is computed as if stock options were exercised at the beginning of the period and the funds obtained thereby used to purchase common shares at the average market price during the period. In computing fully diluted net income per common share, the market price at the close of the period or the average market price, whichever is higher, is used to determine the number of shares which are assumed to be repurchased.
The effects of the Preferred Stock dividend requirements and the change in redemption values amounted to $.53, $.52 and $.09 per share in 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively.
K. INCOME TAXES
Effective January 1, 1993, the Company adopted FAS 109 (see Note A). As permitted under the new rules, the Company restated its 1992 and 1991 financial statements. The effect of adoption of FAS 109 was to reduce net income in 1992 by $600,000 or $0.50 per share, through an increase to the deferred provision for income taxes. The cumulative effect of adoption as of January 1, 1991 was to reduce net income by $500,000.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for income tax purposes. At December 31, 1993, and at December 31, 1992 and 1991, as restated, the Company had deferred tax assets of $16,282,000, $15,334,000 and $21,928,000 and deferred tax liabilities of $12,194,000, $14,517,000 and $15,760,000, respectively, detailed as follows:
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
K. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
The components of income before taxes on income are as follows:
Provisions (benefits) for Federal, foreign, state and local income taxes consisted of the following:
The effective tax rate varied from the statutory Federal income tax rate as follows:
During the years 1993, 1992 and 1991, the Company made income tax payments of $18,748,000, $14,435,000 and $13,905,000, respectively.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
L. RETIREMENT PLANS, DEFERRED COMPENSATION, LEASES AND CONTINGENCIES
1. The Company's Profit Sharing Plan is available to all employees of the Company and qualifying subsidiaries meeting certain eligibility requirements. The Plan provides for contributions by the Company at the discretion of the Board of Directors, subject to maximum limitations. The Company also operates a noncontributory Employee Stock Ownership Plan covering eligible employees of the Company and qualifying subsidiaries, under which the Company may make contributions (in stock or cash) to an Employee Stock Ownership Trust ("ESOT") in amounts each year as determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Company made no stock contributions to the Plan in 1993, 1992 and 1991. The Company and the ESOT have certain rights to purchase shares from participants whose employment has terminated. In addition to the two plans noted above, various subsidiaries maintain separate profit sharing and retirement arrangements. Furthermore, the Company also provides additional retirement and deferred compensation benefits to certain officers and employees.
The Company maintains a Senior Management Incentive Plan ("SMIP") in which deferred compensation is granted to senior executive or management employees deemed essential to the continued success of the Company. The amount recorded as an expense related to this Plan amounted to $4,581,000, $4,340,000 and $4,529,000 in 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively. Approximately $3,343,000 and $1,160,000 of Plan expense incurred in 1993 and 1992, respectively, will be payable in Company stock in accordance with the terms of the Plan. These awards convert into 18,461 and 8,624 equivalent shares of Common Stock in 1993 and 1992, respectively. The future obligation related to the stock award has been reflected as an increase to Paid-In Additional Capital.
Expenses related to the foregoing plans and benefits aggregated $21,057,000 in 1993, $25,002,000 in 1992, and $20,300,000 in 1991.
In December 1990, the Company amended its employment agreement with its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, which extended the term of that agreement through December 31, 1997. Concurrently, the Company also discharged this individual's pension obligation which had been established pursuant to the terms of his long-standing employment agreement. This obligation was partially satisfied with a distribution of approximately $19.8 million from a trust fund previously established by the Company for this purpose. The remainder of the amount necessary to discharge this obligation (approximately $9.5 million) was distributed from general
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
L. RETIREMENT PLANS, DEFERRED COMPENSATION, LEASES AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
corporate funds. Included in other assets at December 31, 1993 and 1992 is approximately $9.5 and $11.9 million, respectively, related to this arrangement which is being amortized to expense over the remaining term of the related employment agreement.
Pursuant to an employment agreement, dated December 21, 1990, an executive officer of the Company borrowed $1,000,000 from the Company repayable at December 31, 1995, except that one-fifth of the principal of the loan is forgiven by the Company each December 31, beginning with December 31, 1991, provided that the officer continues to be employed by the Company on those dates. In 1993, 1992 and 1991, the Company has included in each year $200,000 of compensation expense, representing the amount of loan forgiven each year. As of December 31, 1993 and 1992, the remaining loan balance was $400,000 and $600,000, respectively (the long term portion of the loan, $200,000 in 1993 and $400,000 in 1992, is included in other assets).
2. Rental expense amounted to approximately $32,725,000 in 1993, $33,741,000 in 1992 and $29,106,000 in 1991 which is net of sub-lease rental income of $2,016,000 in 1993, $3,343,000 in 1992, and $3,483,000 in 1991. Approximate minimum rental commitments, excluding escalations, under noncancellable operating leases are as follows:
3. The Company is not involved in any pending legal proceedings not covered by insurance or by adequate indemnification or which, if decided adversely, would have a material effect on either the results of operations, liquidity or financial position of the Company.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
M. RESTRUCTURING COSTS
In November 1991, the Company recorded a charge for restructuring costs of $23,850,000 primarily in connection with the absorption of a former subsidiary. These charges related predominantly to the disposal of the subsidiary's real estate obligations and leasehold assets, the write-off of certain of its fixed assets, goodwill and other costs, primarily severance, in connection with the integration. The restructuring costs also included similar modest charges with respect to a small number of related operations. The components of the restructuring charge as recorded in the fourth quarter of 1991 were as follows:
The amount provided in 1991 was for liabilities which existed as of the fourth quarter of 1991 and was not for any events anticipated to happen after December 31, 1991. Most personnel reduction related to the absorption of the former subsidiaries occurred during the fourth quarter of 1991 and the severance accrual was adequate to cover those liabilities. Of the deferred tax benefits totaling $7,411,000, related to the restructuring charge that was recorded in 1991, $1,644,000 was realized in 1992 and $2,236,000 realized in 1993 (see Note K). The remaining deferred tax balance is expected to be realized over the next couple of years.
Grey Advertising Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiary Companies
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
N. INDUSTRY SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
Commissions and fees and operating profit by geographic area for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991, and related identifiable assets at December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991 are summarized below (000s omitted):
COMMISSIONS AND FEES FROM ONE CLIENT AMOUNTED TO 13.0%, 13.4% AND 10.6% OF THE CONSOLIDATED TOTAL IN 1993, 1992 AND 1991, RESPECTIVELY.
SCHEDULE I -- MARKETABLE SECURITIES -- OTHER INVESTMENTS
GREY ADVERTISING INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1993
(1) SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE ARE CARRIED AT FAIR VALUE WITH UNREALIZED GAINS AND LOSSES INCLUDED AS A SEPARATE COMPONENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY.
Schedule II-Amounts Receivable from Related Parties and Underwriters, Promoters, and Employees Other Than Related Parties
GREY ADVERTISING INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(1)--The amount reflected in Column D (1) represents the amount of the loan forgiven in 1993. (2)--Vasoft Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by James Allan, a director of Grey Advertising (NSW) Pty. Limited. (3)--Promaton Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by Garry Murphie, a director of Grey Advertising (NSW) Pty. Limited. (4)--Khun Han Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by Greg Harper, a director of Grey Advertising (Victoria) Pty. Ltd.
Schedule II--Amounts Receivable from Related Parties and Underwriters, Promoters, and Employees Other Than Related Parties
GREY ADVERTISING INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(1)--The amount reflected in Column (D)(1) represents the amount of loan forgiven in 1992. (2)--Vasoft Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by James Allan, a director of Grey Advertising (NSW) Pty. Limited. (3)--Promaton Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by Garry Murphie, a director of Grey Advertising (NSW) Pty. Limited. (4)--Khun Han Pty. Ltd. is a company controlled by Greg Harper, a director of Grey Advertising (Victoria) Pty. Ltd.
Schedule II--Amounts Receivable from Related Parties and Underwriters, Promoters, and Employees Other Than Related Parties (continued)
GREY ADVERTISING INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(1) The amount reflected in Column (D) (1) represents the amount of loan forgiven in 1991.
SCHEDULE IX--SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
GREY ADVERTISING INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(a)--Notes payable to banks represent borrowings under lines of credit arrangements which are subject to termination at a specified date.
(b)--Notes payable to banks represent promissory notes under credit arrangements.
(c)--The average amount outstanding during the period is the weighted monthly outstanding balance.
(d)--The weighted average interest rate during the period was computed by dividing the actual interest expense by the weighted average outstanding amount.
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10K-Exhibits