Item 1. Business.
A. Organization of Business
Aetna Life and Casualty Company was organized in 1967 as a Connecticut insurance corporation. Aetna Life and Casualty Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, "Aetna" or the "company") constitute one of the nation's largest insurance/financial services organizations in the United States based on its assets at December 31, 1992. Based on 1992 premium rankings, the company also is one of the nation's largest stock insurers of property-casualty lines and one of the largest writers of group health and managed care products, and group life, annuity and pension products. Although the company offers insurance and financial services products in foreign countries, 90% of its total revenue in 1993 was derived from domestic sources.
The company's reportable segments and principal products included in such segments are:
Health and Life Insurance and Services: Group life Group health and disability Managed health care Individual life
Financial Services: Group pensions and related financial services Individual and group annuities Investment products
Commercial Property-Casualty Insurance and Services: Automobile Fidelity and surety Fire and allied lines General liability Marine Multiple peril Professional liability Workers' compensation
Personal Property-Casualty: Automobile Homeowners
International: Group life, health and disability, and pensions Individual life, health, accident and disability, and annuities Property-casualty Investment products
B. Financial Information about Industry Segments
Revenue, income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, extraordinary item and cumulative effect adjustments, net income (loss), and assets by industry segment are set forth in Note 14 to the Financial Statements which is incorporated by reference from the Annual Report. Revenue and income (loss) from continuing operations before extraordinary item and cumulative effect adjustments attributable to each industry segment are incorporated herein by reference from the Selected Financial Data in the Annual Report.
Certain reclassifications have been made to 1992 and 1991 financial information to conform to 1993 presentation.
C. Description of Business Segments
1. Health and Life Insurance and Services
Principal Products __________________
Group health and life insurance products and services, including managed health care products and services, are marketed through units of the Health and Life Insurance and Services segment ("Health and Life") primarily to employers and employer-sponsored groups. These products and services are provided to employees or other individuals covered under benefit plans sponsored by those organizations. Individual life insurance products also are included in Health and Life.
Group life insurance consists chiefly of renewable term coverage, the amounts of which frequently are linked to individual employee wage levels. The company also offers group universal life and sponsored universal and whole life products.
Group health and disability insurance includes coverage for medical and dental care expenses and for disabled employees' income replacement benefits. Health coverage is provided under both traditional indemnity and prepaid arrangements, whereby Aetna assumes the full insurance risk, and under alternative risk- sharing plans, whereby employers assume all or a significant portion of the insurance risk. Health and Life also provides administrative and claim services and, in many cases, partial insurance protection, for an appropriate fee or premium charge.
Continuing concern over the rising costs of health care and the need for quality assurance have resulted in a continuation of a market shift away from traditional forms of health benefit coverage to a variety of "managed care" products. Managed care products, which may be sold on a stand-alone basis or in combination with traditional indemnity products, vary from traditional indemnity products primarily through the use of health care networks (physicians and hospitals) and the implementation of medical management procedures designed to enhance the quality and reduce the cost of medical services provided. Such procedures, including contracted physician reimbursement rates and required pre-authorization for certain medical procedures, are designed to enable managed care companies and their customers to control medical costs more effectively.
The company offers a broad spectrum of traditional indemnity and managed care group products. The latter include preferred provider organizations ("PPOs"), which offer enhanced coverage benefits for services received from participating providers; point-of-service ("POS") plans, which typically combine PPO-style benefit designs with stronger utilization management; and health maintenance organizations ("HMOs"), which arrange for non-emergency services exclusively through the HMO's network of providers. The company's HMOs are primarily Individual Practice Associations in which the HMO generally shares some financial risk with the physicians based on medical utilization results.
At year-end 1993, Aetna operated various types of managed care networks in approximately 211 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas with enrollment of approximately 5 million. The number of members covered under all arrangements, including traditional health plans, was 15 million at December 31, 1993. Health and Life units continue to develop a wide range of products and services tailored to help employers manage their employee benefit plan costs effectively.
Through its individual life unit, the company markets a variety of universal life, interest-sensitive whole life and term products. Aetna's universal life product accounted for approximately 86% of individual life sales in 1993.
Life insurance agents are typically paid a renewal commission or service fee to encourage them to retain business. The company's universal and interest-sensitive whole life insurance contracts typically impose a surrender penalty on policyholder balances withdrawn in the first 10 to 15 years of the contract life. The period of time and level of the penalty vary by product. In addition, more favorable credited rates and policy loan terms may be offered after policies have been in force more than 10 years.
Certain of the company's life insurance and annuity products allow for customers to borrow against their policies. At December 31, 1993, approximately 17% of outstanding policy loans were on individual annuity policies and had fixed interest rates ranging from 1% to 3%. Approximately 79% of outstanding policy loans at December 31, 1993 were on individual life policies and had fixed interest rates ranging from 5% to 8%. The remaining 4% of outstanding policy loans had variable interest rates averaging 8% at December 31, 1993. Investment income on outstanding policy loans was $24 million for the year ended December 31, 1993.
The company ceased selling individual health insurance products in mid-1990 and transferred this business to another company in 1991.
The following table summarizes group life, group health and disability, and individual life and health premiums for the years indicated:
Competition ___________
The markets for Health and Life products are highly competitive. In addition to competition among insurance companies, competition in the health field arises from organizations such as Blue Cross and Blue Shield, from various specialty service providers, from local and regional HMOs and other types of medical and dental provider organizations, from integrated health care delivery organizations and, in certain coverages, from the federal and state governments. Additionally, in recent years, many large employers have moved to totally self-insured and self-administered benefit plans. Competition largely is based upon product features and prices and, in the case of managed health care products, upon the quality of services provided, the geographic scope of the provider networks and the medical specialties available in such networks. Based on 1992 written premiums, Aetna is one of the largest insurance company providers of group health and life benefits in the United States.
Method of Distribution ______________________
Group products are sold principally through salaried field representatives and home office marketing personnel who often work with independent consultants and brokers who assist in the production and servicing of business.
Individual life insurance products are marketed primarily by independent agents and brokers who also may sell insurance products for other companies. Certain life insurance products are sold by agents and brokers who are registered representatives of selected broker-dealers.
Reserves ________
For group life products, policy reserve liabilities are established as premiums are received to reflect the present value of expected future obligations net of the present value of expected future premiums. Reserves for most of these products reflect retrospective experience rating except for the smaller group insurance cases which currently are not retrospectively experience rated. Policy reserves for group paid-up life insurance generally reflect long-term fixed obligations and are computed on the basis of assumed or guaranteed yield and benefit payments. Assumptions are based on Aetna's experience, which is periodically reviewed against published industry data. For group health products, reserves reflect estimates of the ultimate cost of claims including (i) claims that have been reported but not settled, and (ii) claims that have been incurred but have not yet been reported. Group health and life claim reserves are based on factors derived from past experience.
Reserves for universal life products are equal to cumulative premiums less charges plus credited interest thereon. Reserves for all other fixed individual life and health contracts are computed on the basis of assumed investment yield, mortality, morbidity and expenses (including a margin for adverse deviation), which generally vary by plan, year of issue and policy duration. Reserve interest rates as of December 31, 1993 ranged from 2.25% to 11.25%. Investment yield is based on the company's experience. Mortality, morbidity and withdrawal rate assumptions also are based on the experience of the company, and in addition, are periodically reviewed against both industry standards and experience.
Reinsurance ___________
Aetna utilizes a variety of reinsurance agreements with non- affiliated insurers to share insurance risks on group health and life business as directed by the insured and to control its exposure to large losses. Generally, these agreements are established on a case-by-case basis to reflect the circumstances of specific group insurance risks.
The company retains no more than $10.0 million of risk per individual life policy. Amounts in excess of the retention limit are reinsured with unaffiliated companies.
For additional information on reinsurance, see Note 15 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
Group Life Insurance In Force and Other Statistical Data ________________________________________________________
The following table summarizes changes in group life insurance in force before deductions for reinsurance ceded to other companies for the years indicated:
Individual Life Insurance In Force and Other Statistical Data _____________________________________________________________
The following table summarizes changes in individual life insurance in force before deductions for reinsurance ceded to other companies for the years indicated(1):
2. Financial Services
Principal Products __________________
Business units in the Financial Services segment ("Financial Services") market a variety of retirement and other savings and investment products (including pension and annuity products) and services to businesses, government units, associations, collectively bargained welfare trusts, hospitals, educational institutions and individuals.
Financial Services units offer pension, annuity and other investment products to employers and individuals for retirement and savings plan funding and disbursement. Some of these products provide a variety of investment guarantees, funding and benefit payment distribution options and other services. (For additional information regarding the products offered by Financial Services, see Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") - Financial Services in the Annual Report).
In January 1994, the company announced its decision to discontinue the sale of its fully guaranteed large case pension products and recorded an $825 million after-tax charge in 1993 for the anticipated future losses on such products. The company will honor all obligations under existing fully guaranteed, large case pension contracts. Such obligations are expected to run off over approximately 30 years. (For additional information, see MD&A - Financial Services in the Annual Report.)
Individual annuity contracts typically impose a surrender penalty on policyholder balances withdrawn in the first 10 years of the contract life. The period of time and level of the penalty vary by product. Existing tax penalties on annuity distributions prior to age 59-1/2 provide an additional disincentive to premature surrenders of annuity balances.
The majority of those products which utilize Separate Accounts provide contractholders with a vehicle for investments under which the contractholders assume the investment risks as well as the benefit of favorable performance. Separate Accounts offered include accounts that invest in real estate, mortgages, international investments, mutual funds, and a variety of other equity and fixed income investments. Aetna earns a management fee on these Separate Accounts or on the mutual funds in which certain of the Separate Accounts invest. Various investment advisory services also are offered through a number of wholly owned subsidiaries that are registered investment advisors.
At December 31, assets under management, including Separate Accounts, were $67.1 billion in 1993, $61.8 billion in 1992, $60.7 billion in 1991, $57.7 billion in 1990, and $53.7 billion in 1989.
The following table summarizes pension and annuity premiums for the years indicated:
Deposits, which are not included in premiums or revenue under Financial Accounting Standard No. 97 ("FAS 97"), are shown in the following table for the years indicated:
Competition ___________
In the pension and annuity markets, competition arises from other insurance companies, banks, bank trust departments, mutual funds and other investment managers. Principal competitive factors are cost, service, level of investment performance and the perceived financial strength of the investment manager. (For additional information, see MD&A - Liquidity and Capital Resources in the 1993 Annual Report.) Measured by assets under management at December 31, 1992, Aetna is the 19th largest manager of pension assets in the United States.
Method of Distribution ______________________
Group pension products are sold principally through salaried field representatives and home office marketing personnel, who often work with independent consultants and brokers who assist in the production and servicing of business. Annuity products are distributed primarily through dedicated annuity agents selling only Aetna annuity products.
Reserves ________
The loss on discontinuance of fully guaranteed large case pension products ($825 million as of the December 31, 1993 measurement date) represents the present value of anticipated net cash flow shortfalls as the liabilities are run off. Such net cash flow shortfalls include anticipated losses from negative interest margins (i.e., the amount by which interest credited to holders of such contracts exceeds interest earned on investment assets supporting the contracts), future capital losses, and operating expenses and other costs expected to be incurred as the liabilities are run off.
In addition to the reserve described above, the company maintains reserves for guaranteed investment contracts equal to the amount on deposit for such contracts plus credited interest thereon. Reserves for annuity contracts reflect the present value of benefits based on actuarial assumptions established at the time of contract purchase. Such assumptions are based on Aetna's experience, which is periodically reviewed against published industry data. Reserves for experience rated contracts reflect cumulative deposits, less withdrawals and charges, plus credited interest thereon, less net realized capital gains/losses (which the company seeks to recover through credited rates).
3. Commercial Property-Casualty Insurance and Services
Principal Products __________________
The business units in the Commercial Property-Casualty Insurance and Services segment ("Commercial Property-Casualty") provide most types of property-casualty insurance, bonds, and insurance-related services for businesses, government units and associations.
Commercial coverages accounted for 67% of Aetna's 1993 property- casualty net written premiums. These coverages are sold for risks of all sizes and include fire and allied lines, multiple peril, marine, workers' compensation, general liability (including product liability), commercial automobile, certain professional liability, and fidelity and surety bonds. In addition, Aetna offers various services to businesses that choose to self-insure certain exposures. Aetna also reinsures various property and liability risks, primarily through agreements with non-affiliated insurers, on both a treaty and facultative basis.
Approximately 82% of Aetna's 1993 commercial business was voluntary. The remainder was written by various assigned risk plans, facilities and pools of which Aetna is a member. These organizations are formed to meet statutory requirements relating to the writing of certain types of commercial risk or to spread particularly large loss exposures among insurers pursuant to a prearranged allocation formula. Participation is mandatory, and underwriting decisions are made by such facilities independent of their membership.
For a significant portion of the commercial property-casualty business, Aetna uses advisory or compulsory rate structures and, in some instances, forms that were developed by agencies and bureaus in which insurance companies are authorized to participate through state regulation. However, in recent years, Aetna has emphasized the development of independent coverages designed for sale to specific market segments.
The following table sets forth the premium revenue, underwriting results and net investment income, fees and other income and net realized capital gains of Commercial Property-Casualty for the years indicated:
Property-casualty underwriting profitability generally is expressed in terms of combined ratios. When the combined ratio is under 100%, underwriting results are considered profitable; when the ratio is over 100%, underwriting results are considered unprofitable. The combined ratio is the sum of (i) the percentage of earned premiums that is paid or reserved for losses and related loss adjustment expenses (the "loss ratio"), (ii) the percentage of earned premiums that is paid or reserved for dividends to policyholders, and (iii) the percentage of written premiums that is paid or reserved for sales commissions, premium taxes, administrative and other underwriting expenses (the "expense ratio"). The combined ratio does not reflect net investment income, fees and other income, net realized capital gains/losses or federal income taxes. The statutory combined ratio does not reflect adjustments to underwriting results in accordance with GAAP.
Adjusted underwriting income/loss reflects GAAP adjustments (primarily deferred policy acquisition costs and pre-1992 salvage and subrogation) to underwriting results.
The following table sets forth for major domestic Commercial Property-Casualty coverages for the years indicated (a) the percentage of Commercial Property-Casualty statutory net written premiums (NWP) and (b) statutory combined ratios before policyholders' dividends:
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF STATUTORY NET WRITTEN PREMIUMS AND COMBINED RATIOS
The following table summarizes Commercial Property-Casualty statutory net written premiums for the years indicated:
The following table sets forth Aetna's percentage distributions of Commercial Property-Casualty direct written premiums in various jurisdictions for the years indicated:
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF DIRECT WRITTEN PREMIUMS
Competition ___________
Commercial property-casualty insurance is highly competitive in the areas of price, service and agent relationships. There are approximately 3,900 property-casualty insurance companies in the United States. Approximately 900 of these operate in all or most states and write the vast majority of the business. In addition, an increasing amount of commercial risks are covered by purchaser self-insurance, risk-purchasing groups, risk-retention groups and captive companies. Based on 1992 written premiums, Aetna is one of the largest underwriters of commercial property-casualty coverages in the United States.
Method of Distribution ______________________
Aetna's commercial property-casualty coverages are sold through approximately 4,400 independent agents and brokers supervised and serviced by 41 field offices.
Reserves ________
See Reserves Related to Property-Casualty Operations on pages 18 through 21.
Reinsurance ___________
Approximately one-half of the property-casualty reinsurance ceded by Aetna arises in connection with its servicing relationships with various pools (frequently involuntary pools). Aetna services or writes a portion of the pool's individual policies, handling all premium and loss transactions. These "service" premiums and losses are then 100% ceded (net of an expense reimbursement) to the pools, whose members are jointly liable to Aetna as a servicer.
In addition to the above, Aetna utilizes a variety of reinsurance agreements, primarily with non-affiliated insurers, to control its exposure to large property-casualty losses. These agreements, most of which are renegotiated annually as to coverage, limits and price, are structured either on a treaty basis (where all risks meeting prescribed criteria are automatically covered) or on a facultative basis (where the circumstances of specific individual insurance risks are reflected). The amount of risk retained by Aetna depends on the underwriter's evaluation of the specific account, subject to maximum limits based on risk characteristics and the type of coverage. The principal catastrophe reinsurance agreement currently in force covers approximately 81% of specified property losses between $150 million and $325 million.
For additional information on reinsurance, see MD&A - Property- Casualty Reserves and Note 15 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
Aetna has internal property-casualty reinsurance arrangements under which the risks and premiums of virtually all coverages written by the company's property-casualty subsidiaries are redistributed among those subsidiaries on a percentage basis. The percentages are adjusted from time to time to reflect the relative underwriting capacities and other capital needs of participants in the reinsurance agreement.
4. Personal Property-Casualty
Principal Products __________________
The business units in the Personal Property-Casualty segment ("Personal Property-Casualty") provide primarily personal automobile insurance and homeowners insurance. Personal coverages accounted for 33% of Aetna's 1993 property-casualty net written premiums.
The following table sets forth the premium revenue, underwriting results and net investment income, other income and net realized capital gains/losses of the personal property-casualty operations for the years indicated:
Approximately 86% of Aetna's 1993 personal property-casualty business was voluntary. The remainder was written by various assigned risk plans, facilities and pools of which Aetna is a member. These organizations are formed to meet statutory requirements relating to certain types of property-casualty risk or to spread particularly large loss exposures among insurers pursuant to prearranged allocation formulas. Participation is mandatory, and underwriting decisions are made by such facilities independent of their membership.
The following table sets forth for major personal property- casualty coverages for the years indicated (a) the percentage of total personal property-casualty statutory net written premiums (NWP) and (b) the statutory combined ratios:
The following table summarizes personal property-casualty statutory net written premiums for the years indicated:
The following table sets forth Aetna's percentage distributions of Personal Property-Casualty direct written premiums in various jurisdictions for the years indicated:
Reserves ________
See Reserves Related to Property-Casualty Operations on pages 18 through 21.
Competition ___________
Personal property-casualty insurance is highly competitive in the areas of price, service, agent relationships and method of distribution (i.e., use of independent agents, captive agents and/or employees). Currently, there are over 2,400 property- casualty companies in the United States that offer one or more individual products similar to those marketed by Aetna. Measured by 1992 premium volume, Aetna is the 11th largest underwriter of personal property-casualty products in the United States. State Farm and Allstate have significant market share in the personal property-casualty market.
Method of Distribution ______________________
Aetna's personal property-casualty products are marketed by independent agents and brokers who may sell insurance products for other companies.
Reinsurance ___________
See Reinsurance on page 15.
5. Reserves Related to Property-Casualty Operations
Aetna establishes reserve liabilities designed to reflect estimates of the ultimate cost of claims (including claim adjustment expenses). Such liabilities for workers' compensation life table indemnity claims are discounted. Estimating the ultimate cost of claims is a complex and uncertain process that relies on actuarial and statistical methods of analysis. The company's reserves include: (i) claims that have been reported but not settled ("case" reserves), and (ii) claim costs that have been incurred but have not yet been reported ("IBNR" reserves). The establishment of case reserves is dependent upon, among other things, the extent to which coverage was provided, the extent of injury or damage, and, in the case of a contested claim, an estimate of the likely outcome of the adjudication process (to the extent such outcome is estimable). IBNR reserves, established to reflect events and occurrences that are not known to the company but, based on actuarial and historical data (adjusted for the effects of current social, economic and legal developments, trends and factors), are likely to result in claims, also include provision for development on case reserves. As claims are reported and valued by the company, IBNR reserves are reduced by the amount of the reported claim cost. IBNR reserves also are adjusted as the estimates of losses for a given accident year develop. The length of time for which the cost of claims must be estimated varies depending on the coverage and type of claim involved. Estimates become more difficult to make (and are therefore more subject to change) as the length of time increases. Actual claim costs are dependent upon a number of complex factors including social and economic trends and changes in doctrines of legal liability and damage awards.
Reserves for property-casualty coverage are recomputed periodically using a variety of actuarial and statistical techniques for producing current estimates of actual claim costs, claim frequency, and other economic and social factors. A provision for inflation in the calculation of estimated future claim costs is implicit since reliance is placed on both actual historical data that reflect past inflation and on other factors which are judged to be appropriate modifiers of past experience. Adjustments to reserves are reflected in the net income of the period in which such adjustments are made.
Aetna also establishes unearned premium reserves that are calculated on a pro rata basis and reserves for additional premiums or refunds on retrospectively rated policies based on experience. This means that when a loss which will produce an additional premium payment is incurred on a retrospectively rated policy, the premium is recorded at the same time. Likewise when loss experience is favorable, reserves for premium refunds are established.
During the fourth quarter of 1993, the company added $574 million (pretax, before discount) to prior accident year loss reserves for workers' compensation claims. This increase resulted from a recently completed study of the company's workers' compensation reserves which indicated that workers' compensation claims have a longer duration than previously estimated. Concurrent with the addition to workers' compensation reserves, the company implemented a change in accounting to discount reserves for workers' compensation life table indemnity claims consistent with industry practice. This discounting resulted in a reduction of $634 million (pretax) to loss reserves for workers' compensation claims in 1993.
For additional information on property-casualty reserves, including reserves for asbestos and environmental-related claims, see MD&A-Property Casualty Reserves in the Annual Report.
The following represents changes in aggregate reserves, net of reinsurance, for the combined property-casualty experience (1,2):
The following table reconciles, as of year end, reserves determined in accordance with accounting principles and practices prescribed or permitted by insurance regulatory authorities ("statutory basis reserves") to reserves determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP basis reserves"), net of reinsurance for the combined property-casualty unpaid claims and claim adjustment expense experience (1):
The following reserve runoff table represents Aetna's combined property-casualty loss and loss expense experience. Each column shows, for the year indicated:
the reserve held at year end;
cumulative data for payments made in each subsequent year for that reserve year;
liability reestimates made in each subsequent year for that reserve year;
the redundancy (deficiency) represented by the difference between the original reserve held at the end of that year and the reestimated liability as of the end of 1993; and
the change in redundancy (deficiency) from the end of each reserve year shown to the end of each subsequent reserve year.
The majority of increases to prior accident year reserves were for losses and related expenses for asbestos and other product liability risks attributable to policies written prior to 1978 and for workers' compensation claims.
The table represents historical data; it would not be appropriate to use such data to project the company's future reserving activity or its future performance generally.
6. International
The International segment ("International"), through subsidiaries and joint venture operations, sells primarily life insurance and financial services products in non-U.S. markets including Canada, Malaysia, Taiwan, Chile, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Korea and New Zealand. International operations are subject to regulation in the various jurisdictions in which they do business. In most of the geographic areas and markets in which International has operations, the competition is extensive. Methods of distribution vary by country and by product, and include direct sales, sales through agents and brokers, and sales through joint ventures.
On June 30, 1993, the company completed the sale of its U.K. life and investment management operations. The company realized an after-tax capital loss of $12 million on the sale as well as $37 million of tax benefits from cumulative operating losses of the subsidiary not previously available for tax benefits.
The company completed the sale of its 43% interest in La Estrella S.A. de Seguros, a Spanish insurance company, to Banco Hispano Americano in May 1991. The company realized a net capital gain of $33 million (after-tax) on the sale.
Operations outside the U.S. have added risks such as nationalization, expropriation, and the potential for restrictive capital regulations. Given the particular countries in which International has operations, and the current size and nature of those operations, management does not believe such risks are material to the company.
The following table sets forth International's premium revenue, net investment income, other income and net realized capital gains/losses and life insurance in force, before deductions for reinsurance ceded to other companies:
Premium growth in 1992 included $128 million from the second quarter consolidation of a previously unconsolidated subsidiary as a result of an increase in the company's ownership percentage.
7. Investments
The investment income and realized capital gains and losses from the investment portfolios of the company's insurance subsidiaries contribute to the results of the insurance operations described above. Investment strategies and portfolios are designed to reflect the liability profiles, competitive requirements and tax characteristics of the company's different products. The distribution of maturities is monitored, and security purchases and sales are executed with the objective of having adequate funds available to satisfy the company's maturing liabilities. The company also utilizes futures and forward contracts and swap agreements in order to manage investment returns and to align maturities, interest rates, currency rates and funds availability with its obligations.
See MD&A - Investments in the Annual Report for a further discussion of investments.
a. Investments Related to Life, Health, Annuity and Pension Operations
Consistent with the nature of the contract obligations involved in the company's group and individual life, health and disability, annuity and pension operations, the majority of the general account assets attributable to such operations have been invested in intermediate and long-term, fixed income obligations such as treasury obligations, mortgage-backed securities, corporate debt securities and mortgage loans.
For information concerning the valuation of investments, see Notes 1, 5, and 6 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
The following table sets forth the distribution of invested assets, cash and cash equivalents and accrued investment income as of the end of the years indicated (1):
Mortgage-backed securities at December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991 included the following categories of collateralized mortgage obligations (1):
The following table summarizes investment results of the company's life, health, annuity and pension operations (1):
b. Investments Related to Property-Casualty Operations
The investment strategies for assets related to personal and commercial property-casualty operations are designed to maximize yield with appropriate liquidity and preservation of principal, and to permit periodic adjustment of the portfolio mix, in order to reflect changes in underwriting results and thus maximize after-tax income. Common stocks are held with the primary objective of achieving portfolio appreciation through capital gains and income. The size of common stock holdings is controlled in relation to surplus levels.
For information concerning the valuation of investments, see Notes 1, 5, and 6 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
The following table sets forth the distribution of invested assets, cash and cash equivalents and accrued investment income as of the end of the years indicated (1):
Mortgage-backed securities at December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991 included the following categories of collateralized mortgage obligations (1):
The following table summarizes investment results of the company's property-casualty insurance operations (1):
8. Other Matters
a. Regulation
General
Aetna's insurance businesses are subject to comprehensive, detailed regulation throughout the United States and the foreign jurisdictions in which they do business. The laws of the various jurisdictions establish supervisory agencies with broad authority to regulate, among other things, the granting of licenses to transact business, premium rates for certain coverages, trade practices, agent licensing, policy forms, underwriting and claims practices, reserve adequacy, insurer solvency, the maximum interest rates that can be charged on life insurance policy loans, and the minimum rates that must be provided for accumulation of surrender value. Many also regulate investment activities on the basis of quality, distribution and other quantitative criteria. Further, many jurisdictions compel participation in, and regulate composition of, various residual market mechanisms. Aetna's operations and accounts are subject to examination at regular intervals by domestic and other insurance regulators.
Although the federal government does not directly regulate the business of insurance, many federal laws do affect that business. Existing or recently proposed federal laws that may significantly affect or would affect, if passed, the insurance business cover such matters as employee benefits (including regulation of federally qualified HMOs), controls on medical care costs, medical entitlement programs (e.g., Medicare), environmental regulation and liability, product liability, civil justice procedural reform, earthquake insurance, removal of barriers preventing banks from engaging in the insurance and mutual fund businesses, repeal of some portions of the McCarran-Ferguson exemption of the business of insurance from federal antitrust laws, the taxation of insurance companies (see Notes 1 and 10 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report), and the tax treatment of insurance products.
Health Care
In addition to regulations applicable to insurance companies generally (described above), Aetna's managed health care products are subject to varying levels of state insurance, health maintenance organization ("HMO") and/or health department regulation. Among other things, these regulations address health care network composition, new product offerings, product and benefit contracts and the extent to which insurance companies may provide incentives to insureds to use services from "preferred" health care service providers or pay contractual and non- contractual health care providers unequally for equivalent services. Some jurisdictions also regulate the extent to which managed health care plans may offer their enrollees the option of receiving health care services from non-contracting providers. Additionally, these plans are subject to state, and in some cases federal, regulation concerning solvency and other operational requirements.
Both the Clinton Administration and a number of states have proposed significant health care reform legislation. (For additional discussion, see MD&A - Health and Life Insurance and Services in the Annual Report.)
Insurance and Insurance Holding Company Laws
Several states, including Connecticut, regulate affiliated groups of insurers such as Aetna under insurance holding company statutes. Under such laws, intercorporate asset transfers and dividend payments from insurance subsidiaries may require prior notice to or approval of the insurance regulators, depending on the size of such transfers and payments relative to the financial position of the affiliate making the transfer. These laws also regulate changes in control, as do Connecticut corporate laws (which also apply to insurance corporations). See Note 8 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
As a licensed Connecticut-domiciled insurer, the company is subject to Connecticut insurance laws. These laws, among other things, enable insurers to redeem their stock from any shareholder who fails, in the good faith determination of the insurer's board of directors, to (i) meet the qualifications prescribed under Connecticut law for licensure or (ii) to secure the regulatory approvals required under Connecticut law for ownership of such stock.
Securities Laws
The Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and, to a lesser extent, the states regulate the sales and investment management activities of broker-dealer and investment advisory subsidiaries of the company. The SEC also regulates some of its pension, annuity, life insurance and other investment and retirement products. Additionally, certain Separate Accounts and mutual funds of Aetna Life Insurance and Annuity Company are subject to SEC regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940. As a stock company, Aetna also is subject to extensive reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Property-Casualty
Over the past several years, the company's insurance businesses, particularly personal automobile and workers' compensation, have been the target of various regulatory and legislative initiatives that management believes have limited the basis upon which the company conducts its activities. Such initiatives have, among other things, sought to (1) freeze or reduce rates that may be charged for certain insurance products, (2) force the company to issue and renew insurance in markets where the company cannot achieve an acceptable rate of return, and (3) restructure residual or involuntary markets. Residual or involuntary markets are established to provide coverage to insureds unable to obtain policies in the private marketplace. As state-mandated rates are frequently inadequate, these markets are in effect often subsidized by the insurance industry. More recently, attempts have been made to apply these initiatives to the property insurance lines as a means of addressing the availability of property insurance in certain urban and shorefront locations.
Insurance Company Guaranty Fund Assessments
Under insurance guaranty fund laws existing in all states, insurers doing business in those states can be assessed (up to prescribed limits) for certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants. The after-tax charges to earnings for guaranty fund obligations for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991 were $17 million, $49 million, and $23 million, respectively. The increase in the 1992 provision is principally related to insolvencies of certain large insurance companies. The amounts ultimately assessed may differ from the amounts charged to earnings because such assessments may not be made for several years and will depend upon the final outcome of regulatory proceedings.
While the company has historically recovered more than half of guaranty fund assessments through statutorily permitted premium tax offsets and policy surcharges, significant increases in assessments could jeopardize future efforts to recover such assessments.
The company has actively supported improved insurer solvency regulation, including measures that would facilitate earlier identification of troubled insurers, and amendments to guaranty fund laws that would reduce the costs of such insolvencies to solvent insurers such as Aetna.
Proposition 103
In March 1992, the California Insurance Commissioner ("Commissioner") issued a notice of hearing to the company requiring that it show cause why it should not be ordered to pay refunds with interest pursuant to Proposition 103. Proposition 103 is a voter initiative adopted in November 1988 which requires, among other things, certain premium rollbacks or refunds by insurance companies. The Commissioner alleged that the company's refund obligation was $110 million, plus 10% interest from May 1989 (or $51 million as of December 31, 1993).
On January 13, 1994, the company entered into a stipulation with the California Department of Insurance ("Department") under which the company agreed to make refunds of $31 million, including interest, with respect to certain California policies issued or renewed between November 8, 1988 and November 7, 1989. The Department has agreed that this refund constitutes the company's complete and entire rollback and refund obligation. Given applicable reserves, the agreement with the Department will not materially affect the company's earned premium revenue or net income.
See MD&A - Regulatory Environment in the Annual Report for additional discussion of regulatory matters.
b. NAIC IRIS Ratios
The NAIC "IRIS" ratios cover 12 categories of financial data with defined acceptable ranges for each category. The ratios are intended to provide insurance regulators "early warnings" as to when a given company might warrant special attention. An insurance company may fall out of the acceptable range for one or more ratios and such variances may result from specific transactions that are in themselves immaterial or eliminated at the consolidated level. In 1992, two of Aetna Life and Casualty Company's significant subsidiaries had more than two IRIS ratios that were outside of NAIC acceptable ranges, as discussed below.
Aetna Life Insurance Company ("ALIC") fell outside acceptable ranges in 1992 for: (i) the Net Change in Capital and Surplus Ratio which is calculated by dividing the change in capital and surplus between the prior and the current year (net of any capital and surplus paid in) by the prior year capital and surplus; (ii) the Adequacy of Investment Income Ratio which compares investment income to credited interest; (iii) the Change in Product Mix Ratio which measures changes in the percentage of total premiums by product line; and (iv) the Change in Reserving Ratio which is designed for an open growing block of business. During 1992, significant capital was contributed by Aetna Life and Casualty Company to ALIC. The regulators were satisfied, after analysis, that ALIC did not warrant special attention.
In 1992, The Aetna Casualty and Surety Company ("AC&S") fell outside of acceptable ranges for: (i) the Two-year Overall Operating Ratio, which is a combination of a two-year combined ratio minus a two-year investment income ratio; (ii) the Change in Surplus which measures the improvement or deterioration in a company's financial condition during the year; and (iii) the Ratio of Liabilities to Liquid Assets which measures the liquidity of a company. During 1992, AC&S sold its wholly owned subsidiary, American Re-Insurance Company. Proceeds from this sale were dividended to Aetna Life and Casualty Company. This one-time event caused certain of the ratios described above to fall outside of acceptable ranges. The regulators were satisfied, after analysis, that AC&S did not warrant special attention.
Management expects that certain of the company's significant subsidiaries will have more than two IRIS ratios outside of NAIC acceptable ranges for 1993.
c. Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends
The following table sets forth Aetna's ratio of earnings to fixed charges and ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends for the years ended December 31:
For purposes of computing both the ratio of earnings to fixed charges and the ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends, "earnings" represent consolidated earnings from continuing operations before income taxes, cumulative effect adjustments and extraordinary items plus fixed charges and minority interest. "Fixed charges" consist of interest (and the portion of rental expense deemed representative of the interest factor). Preferred stock dividends, which are not deductible for income tax purposes, have been increased to a taxable equivalent basis. This adjustment has been calculated by using the effective tax rate of the applicable year. All shares of Aetna's preferred stock were redeemed in 1989 and, as a result, for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992, 1991 and 1990 the ratios of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends were the same as the ratios of earnings to fixed charges.
d. Miscellaneous
Aetna had approximately 42,600 domestic employees at December 31, 1993.
Management believes that the company's computer facilities, systems and related procedures are adequate to meet its business needs. The company's data processing systems and backup and security policies, practices and procedures are regularly evaluated by the company's management and its internal auditors and are modified as considered necessary.
Portions of Aetna's insurance business are seasonal in nature. Reported claims under group health and certain property-casualty products are generally higher in the first quarter. Sales, particularly of individual life products, are generally lowest in the first quarter and highest in the fourth quarter.
No customer accounted for 10% or more of Aetna's consolidated revenues in 1993. In addition, no segment of Aetna's business is dependent upon a single customer or a few customers, the loss of which would have a significant effect on the segment. See Note 14 of Notes to Financial Statements regarding segment information in the Annual Report.
The loss of business from any one, or a few, independent brokers or agents would not have a material adverse effect on the company or any of its segments. In general, the company is not contractually obligated or committed to accept a fixed portion of business submitted by any of its property-casualty agents or brokers. The company generally reviews all of its policy applications, both new and renewal, for approval and acceptance. There are cases where the company has delegated limited underwriting authority to select agents generally for smaller business for specific classes of risks. The risks accepted by the company under these conditions are reviewed by company underwriters. This authority generally can be rescinded at any time at the discretion of the company and without prior notice to the agents.
Item 2.


Item 2. Properties.
The home office of Aetna, owned by Aetna Life Insurance Company, is a building complex located at 151 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, Connecticut, with approximately 1.6 million square feet. The company also owns or leases other space in the greater Hartford area as well as various field locations throughout the country. The company expects to vacate certain of these facilities in 1994 (please see MD&A - Overview in the Annual Report).
The foregoing does not include numerous investment properties held by Aetna in its general and separate accounts.
Item 3.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
In Re: Stepak v. Aetna Life and Casualty Company et al.
On October 22, 1990, a shareholder filed a lawsuit in United States District Court for the District of Connecticut ("District Court"). The suit, which was filed on behalf of a class of company shareholders, named as defendants Aetna Life and Casualty Company ("Aetna") and certain present and former Aetna officers and directors.
The suit alleges that the defendants fraudulently and in violation of federal securities laws failed, among other things, to adequately disclose alleged deterioration in the value of mortgage loan and real estate investment portfolios and that the plaintiff, acting in reliance upon such allegedly misleading public statements, purchased Aetna common stock at artificially inflated prices. The suit seeks certification of the class and unspecified compensatory and punitive damages.
In November 1990, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The defendants moved to have the amended complaint dismissed. The plaintiff subsequently filed a second amended complaint, and in August 1991 the District Court denied the defendants' motion to dismiss this complaint. In the interim, the plaintiff dropped all but two of the original individual defendants. Subsequently, a class was conditionally certified composed of purchasers of Aetna common stock during the period from February 16, 1989 through November 13, 1990, with some exceptions.
Aetna has answered the complaint, denying all substantive averments, and discovery is substantially complete. Aetna believes that the suit is neither supported as a matter of fact nor as a matter of law and, with the other defendants, will continue to contest vigorously the litigation.
In Re: Standard Financial Indemnity Corporation et al. v. The Aetna Casualty and Surety Company et al.
In 1989, the Standard Financial Indemnity Corporation ("SFIC") filed an antitrust suit in Texas state court against The Aetna Casualty and Surety Company ("Aetna Casualty") and all other insurers acting as servicing carriers for the Texas workers' compensation assigned risk pool (collectively, "defendants"). The complaint alleged that the plaintiff's application to become a servicing carrier had been wrongfully denied pursuant to a conspiracy among the servicing carriers. In February 1990, Preferred Employers' Insurance Company ("Preferred") joined the suit as a plaintiff and made an additional claim alleging that the servicing carriers had intentionally overpaid claims in order to raise prices and to drive workers' compensation customers into the assigned risk pool.
The defendants' motion to dismiss the original suit brought by SFIC, which Preferred had later joined as a plaintiff, was granted in March 1990. SFIC appealed this ruling and on May 19, 1993, the Court of Appeal, Third District of Texas ("Court of Appeal") reversed and remanded the matter to the trial court. Preferred did not appeal the initial dismissal of the original suit and, therefore, is no longer a party to the litigation. On March 12, 1992, the Texas Commissioner of Insurance placed SFIC into receivership. On August 25, 1993, the Court of Appeal denied defendant's motion for rehearing. On September 24, 1993, defendants filed an application for writ of error with the Supreme Court of Texas. A settlement for an amount not material to the company has been reached with SFIC's receiver and has become final.
In Re: Attorneys General Antitrust Litigation
The description of this litigation is contained in Note 16 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.
Other Litigation
Aetna is continuously involved in numerous other lawsuits arising, for the most part, in the ordinary course of its business operations either as a liability insurer defending third-party claims brought against its insureds or as an insurer defending coverage claims brought against itself, including lawsuits related to issues of policy coverage and judicial interpretation.
One such area of coverage litigation involves legal liability for asbestos and environmental-related claims. These lawsuits and other factors make reserving for asbestos and environmental-related claims subject to significant uncertainties. See MD&A - Property-Casualty Reserves in the Annual Report.
While the ultimate outcome of the litigation described herein cannot be determined at this time, management does not believe it likely that such litigation, net of reserves established therefor and giving effect to reinsurance, will result in judgments for amounts material to the financial condition of the company, although it may affect results of operations in future periods. Litigation related to asbestos and environmental claims is subject to significant uncertainties; therefore management is unable to determine whether the effects on operations in future periods will be material.
Item 4.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
None.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY*
The Chairman of Aetna Life and Casualty Company is elected and all other executive officers listed below are appointed by the Board of Directors of the company at its Annual Meeting each year to hold office until the next Annual Meeting of the Board or until their successors are elected or appointed. None of these officers have family relationships with any other executive officer or Director.
(1) Mr. Compton has served as Chairman since March 1, 1992. He is also President, a position he has held since July 1988.
(2) Ms. Baird has served in her current position since April 1992. From July 1990 to April 1992 she served as Vice President and General Counsel. From 1986 to July 1990 she was with General Electric Company, Fairfield, Connecticut, most recently as Counselor and Staff Executive.
(3) Mr. Benanav has served in his current position since December 1993. From April 1992 to December 1993 he served as Group Executive responsible for International, individual life insurance, annuities, mutual funds, and small case pensions. From April 1990 through April 1992, he served as Senior Vice President, International Insurance. From August 1989 until April 1990, he served as Vice President, International Insurance Division. From June 1986 to August 1989 he served as Vice President - Finance and Treasurer.
(4) Ms. Champlin has served in her current position since November 1992. From February 1991 through November 1992 she served as Vice President, Aetna Human Resources. From June 1989 through January 1991 she served as Assistant Vice President, Corporate Management, Office of the Chairman. From August 1988 to May 1989 she served as Director, Corporate Management, Office of the Chairman.
(5) Mr. Kearney has served in his current position since December 1993. From February 1991 to December 1993 he served as Group Executive responsible for investments and large case pensions. From 1990 to February 1991 he served as the principal of Daniel P. Kearney, Inc. From 1989 to 1990 he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Oversight Board of the Resolution Trust Corporation. From 1988 to 1989 he served as a principal of Aldrich, Eastman and Waltch, Inc. (a pension fund advisor).
(6) Mr. Kenny has served in his current position since March 1992. From January 1988 through February 1992, he served as Senior Vice President, Finance.
(7) Ms. Krupnick has served in her current position since November 1992. From October 1989 through November 1992, she served as Vice President, Corporate Affairs. From January 1988 to October 1989 she served as Assistant Vice President, Corporate Affairs.
(8) Mr. McLane has served in his current position since December 1993. From April 1992 to December 1993, he served as Group Executive responsible for group health and life insurance including managed care operations. From February 1991 through April 1992 he served as Chief Executive Officer, Aetna Health Plans; from 1985 through 1991 he served as Senior Vice President, Global Insurance Division, Citicorp.
(9) Mr. McMurtry has served in his current position since November 1992. From February 1989 through November 1992 he served as Staff Director and Chief Counsel, Committee on Finance, United States Senate. From January 1986 through February 1989 he served as Legislative Director for Lloyd M. Bentsen Jr., United States Senate.
(10) Mr. Broatch has served in his current position since December 1993. From May 1988 to December 1993, he served as Vice President and Corporate Controller.
(11) Mr. Loewenberg has served in his current position since March 1989. From September 1987 to March 1989 he served as Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer, Agency Group, Capital Holding Corporation.
(12) Mr. Scott has served in his current position since November 1991. From April 1991 until November 1991, he served as Vice President, Standard Commercial Accounts. From October 1988 through April 1991, he served as Senior Vice President, Standard Markets Department, Commercial Insurance Division.
PART II
Item 5.
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company's common stock is listed on the New York and Pacific Stock Exchanges, with unlisted trading privileges on other regional exchanges. Its symbol is AET. The common stock also is listed on the Swiss Stock Exchanges at Basel, Geneva and Zurich. Call and put options on the common stock are traded on the American Stock Exchange. As of February 25, 1994, there were 27,452 record holders of the common stock.
The dividends declared and the high and low sales prices with respect to Aetna Life and Casualty Company's common stock for each quarterly period for the past two years are incorporated herein by reference from "Quarterly Data" in the Annual Report.
Information regarding restrictions on the company's present and future ability to pay dividends is incorporated herein by reference from Note 8 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
Item 6.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The information contained in "Selected Financial Data" in the Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 7.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The information contained in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 8.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The 1993 Consolidated Financial Statements and the report of the registrant's independent auditors and the unaudited information set forth under the caption "Quarterly Data" is incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report.
Item 9.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
PART III
Item 10.


Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.
Information concerning Executive Officers is included in Part I pursuant to General Instruction G to Form 10-K.
Information concerning Directors and concerning compliance with Section 16 (a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.
Item 11.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information under the caption "Executive Compensation" is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.
Item 12.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.
The information under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Directors, Nominees and Executive Officers" is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.
Item 13.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
The information under the caption "Certain Transactions and Relationships" is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.
PART IV
Item 14.
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1. Financial statements:
The Consolidated Financial Statements and the report of the registrant's independent auditors are incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report.
2. Financial statement schedules:
The supporting schedules of the consolidated entity are included in this Item 14. See Index to Financial Statement Schedules on page 41.
3. Exhibits: *
(3) Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws.
Certificate of Incorporation of Aetna Life and Casualty Company, incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's 1992 Form 10-K, filed on March 17, 1993.
By-Laws of Aetna Life and Casualty Company.
(4) Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures.
Conformed copy of Indenture, dated as of October 15, 1977 between Aetna Life and Casualty Company and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Trustee, incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's 1992 Form 10-K, filed on March 17, 1993 (the "1992 Form 10-K").
Conformed copy of Indenture, dated as of October 15, 1986 between Aetna Life and Casualty Company and The First National Bank of Boston, Trustee, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Conformed copy of Indenture, dated as of August 1, 1993, between Aetna Life and Casualty Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company of Connecticut, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-50427).
Rights Agreement dated as of October 27, 1989, between Aetna Life and Casualty Company and First Chicago Trust Company of New York incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
(10) Material contracts.
The 1984 and 1979 Stock Option Plans of Aetna Life and Casualty Company and amendments thereto, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company's Supplemental Incentive Savings Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company's Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company's Performance Unit Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company's 1986 Management Incentive Plan, as amended effective February 25, 1994.
The Aetna Life and Casualty Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Letter Agreement, dated December 18, 1993, between Aetna Life and Casualty Company and David A. Kocher.
Aetna Life and Casualty Company Non-Employee Director Deferred Stock Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the 1992 Form 10-K.
Description of certain arrangements not embodied in formal documents, as described with respect to Directors' fees and benefits, and under the caption "Executive Compensation," are incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement.
(11) Statement re computation of per share earnings.
Incorporated herein by reference to Note 1 of Notes to Financial Statements in the company's 1993 Annual Report.
(12) Statement re computation of ratios.
Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends.
(13) Annual Report to security holders.
Selected Financial Data, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Consolidated Financial Statements and the report of the registrant's independent auditors, and unaudited Quarterly Data from the Annual Report.
(18) Letter re change in accounting principles
Letter from Independent Auditors regarding the preferability of the change in accounting principle for reporting reserves for workers' compensation life table indemnity claims to a discounted basis.
(21) Subsidiaries of the registrant.
A listing of subsidiaries of Aetna Life and Casualty Company.
(23) Consents of experts and counsel.
Consent of Independent Auditors to Incorporation by Reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 and Form S-8.
(28) Information from Reports Furnished to State Insurance Regulatory Authorities.
1993 Consolidated Schedule P of Annual Statements provided to state regulatory authorities. **
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None.
* Exhibits other than those listed are omitted because they are not required or are not applicable. Copies of exhibits are available without charge by writing to the Office of the Corporate Secretary, Aetna Life and Casualty Company, 151 Farmington Avenue, Hartford, Connecticut 06156.
** Filed under cover of Form SE.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Page ____
Independent Auditors' Report........................ 42
I Summary of Investments - Other than Investments in Affiliates as of December 31, 1993.......................... 43
III Condensed Financial Information of the Registrant as of December 31, 1993 and 1992 and for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991........................... 44
V Supplementary Insurance Information as of and for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991................................. 50
VIII Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991...................................... 53
IX Short-term Borrowings for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991.............. 54
X Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Operations for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991........ 55
Schedules other than those listed above are omitted because they are not required or are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto in the company's 1993 Annual Report. Columns omitted from schedules filed have been omitted because the information is not applicable.
Certain reclassifications have been made to 1992 and 1991 financial information to conform to 1993 presentation.
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Shareholders and Board of Directors Aetna Life and Casualty Company:
Under date of February 8, 1994, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of Aetna Life and Casualty Company and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1993 and 1992, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1993, as contained in the 1993 annual report to shareholders. These consolidated financial statements and our report thereon are incorporated by reference in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year 1993. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the related financial statement schedules as listed in the accompanying index. These financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statement schedules based on our audits.
In our opinion, such financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, in 1993 the company changed its methods of accounting for certain investments in debt and equity securities, reinsurance of short-duration and long-duration contracts, postemployment benefits, workers' compensation life table indemnity reserves and retrospectively rated reinsurance contracts. In 1992, the company changed its methods of accounting for income taxes and postretirement benefits other than pensions.
By KPMG PEAT MARWICK _____________________ (Signature)
KPMG PEAT MARWICK
Hartford, Connecticut February 8, 1994
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE I
Summary of Investments - Other than Investments in Affiliates
As of December 31, 1993
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Statements of Income
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Balance Sheets
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Statements of Shareholders' Equity
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Statements of Cash Flows
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
The accompanying condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto in the company's 1993 Annual Report. Certain reclassifications have been made to 1992 and 1991 financial information to conform to 1993 presentation.
1. Long-Term Debt
See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of the long-term debt and aggregate maturities for 1994 to 1998 and thereafter.
2. Dividends
The amounts of cash dividends paid to Aetna Life and Casualty Company by insurance affiliates for the years ended December 31, 1993, 1992 and 1991 were as follows:
See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of dividend restrictions from the consolidated insurance subsidiaries to the company.
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE III
Condensed Financial Information
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
3. Accounting Changes
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of accounting changes.
4. Discontinued Products
See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of discontinued products.
5. Sales of Subsidiaries
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of the sales of subsidiaries.
6. Severance and Facilities Charge
See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of the severance and facilities charges.
7. Federal and Foreign Income Taxes
See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of federal and foreign income taxes.
8. Litigation
See Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report for a description of the Attorneys General Antitrust litigation.
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE V
Supplementary Insurance Information
As of and for the year ended December 31, 1993
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE V
Supplementary Insurance Information
As of and for the year ended December 31, 1992
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE V
Supplementary Insurance Information
As of and for the year ended December 31, 1991
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE VIII
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE IX
Short-Term Borrowings
AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE X
Supplemental Information Concerning Property-Casualty Operations
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: March 18, 1994 AETNA LIFE AND CASUALTY COMPANY (Registrant)
By ROBERT E. BROATCH ______________________________ (Signature) Robert E. Broatch Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 18, 1994.
Signature Title
RONALD E. COMPTON ________________________ Ronald E. Compton Chairman, President and Director (Principal Executive Officer)
WALLACE BARNES ________________________ Wallace Barnes Director
JOHN F. DONAHUE ________________________ John F. Donahue Director
WILLIAM H. DONALDSON ________________________ William H. Donaldson Director
BARBARA HACKMAN FRANKLIN ________________________ Barbara Hackman Franklin Director
EARL G. GRAVES ________________________ Earl G. Graves Director
GERALD GREENWALD ________________________ Gerald Greenwald Director
MICHAEL H. JORDAN ________________________ Michael H. Jordan Director
JACK D. KUEHLER ________________________ Jack D. Kuehler Director
FRANK R. O'KEEFE JR. ________________________ Frank R. O'Keefe Jr. Director
DAVID M. RODERICK ________________________ David M. Roderick Director
PATRICK W. KENNY ________________________ Patrick W. Kenny Group Executive, Finance and Administration (Principal Financial Officer)