LIFE IN ENGLAND TWO CENTURIES AGO:

A CHAPTER IN ENGLISH SOCIAL HISTORY

[By J. D. Davis. 1

SECTION VII.

Eating.and Drinking

BhEAKPAST was not a stated meal till the ..beginning of the" eighteenth century. It Was occasionally served before that time in the houses of tho great and wealthy. QuoenElizabeth substantially breakfasted olfmcnt, bread and cheese, and ale. The usual custom "was merely to take a m6rn- Jng draught. Some had a prcferenca for '*' malmsey" or other '* well-spiced bruagc" '(Milton's.," A'eop'jgitica"). Not quite so expansive a d'inkwa buttcrcd-nle, which it appears Pepys aflcctcd. "My diet," re marks Cotton, "is always one glass as soon .as I am dressed, nnd ii" more till dinner." Tea and coffee, though intioduccd into .England about the middle of the seven teenth century, were a long while before -they became common beverages. Evelyn thinks it worth noting that when he was at Baliol College, Oxford, about the year 1636. one Nathaniel Conopios, a Greek, visited the University, anil was the first ho ever saw drink coil'ee. -"The custom," adds Evelyn, " came not into Eugland till thirty vcars after." In the Restoration year, Pepys (September 28th) "did send fora cup of tee (a China drink)," which he had never drunk before. Late dinners in those days wore unknown. As it was tbe first considerable meal of the day it could not be long deferred. Noon seems to have been the usual hour. Under date June 15th, 1664. Pepys writes, "And anon at noon comes Mr' Creed, by chance, and by-and-by the three young ladies, and very merry we were with, our pasty, very well baked; and a good dish of roastci chickens ; pease, lobsters, strawberries." A rather motloy -collection this. Prom th" Bil's of Fare pro servedtimorigthe archivosof the Goldsmiths' Company tlio two folio wins are taken : —On the sth of November, ICGS. the freo -men of the Company dined on (1.) Boiled capons with oysters and sausnges, roist ■beef, mince pies, capons roasted ; (2.) Pike, ■warden pies, cocks and partridges. For the cooks, butlers, and aim-men there were legs of mutton boiled. The wines were canary, claret, and whit- wine. On the 4th of May in tho next year the freemen were regaled on chickens boiled, roast beef (sirloin and ribs), lamb with forced most, green.geese, roast capons, gooseberry tarts, and asparagus.* The wines on this occa sion were s:tck, claret, and white wine. It is difficult to say precisely what " sack" -was, for the -word was formerly the generic name for all Spanish wines, but it probably was a dry sherry. The fondness of Falstaft" for sack will bo familiar to all. He com plained, it will also be remembered, that lime was put in his sank. It seema to have been the custom for the Spaniards to mix lime with the wines intended for the Eng lish market in order to make the colour lighter, and also to preserve them. The Spaniards themselves loved their wines to be of an amber hue. (See Rolfe's edition of M Henry 1V.," Part 1., p. 105) On Tues day, June 9 h, 106S, Pepys paid two shil. Unas for a bottle of sack for the landlord of tho inn, at Oxford, where he was dining. On the same day lie paid Is 2d for straw berries. Piueapples were first introduced Into England in 1657, when Cromwell was Protector : they came from the West Indies (Evelyn, August 9th, 1061). The composi tiou of a sauce is given by Pepys, who had it from the Duke oi York, and he had it from the Spanish Ambassador. The Eog lish do not appear to have been ingenious in the preparation of sauces, a reproach (?) which was still merited in Voltaire's timo, to judge by his famous sarcasm The sauce in question was composed of " parsley and a dry toast, beat in a mortar together with vinegar, salt, ;md a little popper." It was evidently a very simple affair—almost as free from complexity as " melted butter." In October, 16615, Pepys was present at a feast in the Guildhall. There were " ten "ood dishes to a mes*," with plenty of wine of all sorts, of which, however the diarist drank noae. He notices it as strange that the guest* had no napkins, or change of trenchers, and that they were ob'iged to drink out of earthen pitchers and wooden dishes. It was the custom for gentlemen to keep their bat 9on while at dinner. Lord Claren ddn somewhere relates that in his younger days he never kept bis hat on before those older than himself except at dinner. In September, 1664, Pepys caught a cold in his head through flinging off his hat at dinner, and thus exposing his neck to the draught. The description of the diet of the Duke o£ Newcastle, as eiven by his wife, is curious : " In his diet he U so sparing and temperate that ho never eats nor drinks be yond his set proportion, so as to satisfy only his natural appetite ; he makes but one meal a day, at which hrs drinks two food glasses ot small Deer, one about the eginning, the other at the end thereof, and a little glas3 of sack in the middle of his dinner, which glass of sack be also uses in the morning for his breakfast, with a morsel of bread. His supper consists of an egg and a draught of small beer." Gluttony was the reproach of the Eng lish. Milton ask 3in the " Areopagitica" (p.? 24. Hales's Edition)—" What more nationall corruption for whichEnglandhears ill abroad, then household gluttony ?" This Tiad lon» been the case. Chaucer's picture of the Franklin is almost wholly filled up -with details of his good living. Macbeth; in alluding to " the English epicures" (Act v., sc. 3) was merely echoing a common charge of the Scotch agiinst their-wealthier neighbours. Other Shaksperian refer, ences to the vice will be found in the con versations oi Sir Andrew Aguecheek and ..Sir Toby iJelcb, and in Hamlet's (Acti., sc. 4) criticism of the convivial customs of ihe Danes. It is only right to say that the English returned tho compliment, and ac cused foreigners of tho same failing. In the drama called "Edward III." (published 1596) the Dutch are characterised as "ever bibbing epicures,'' "frothy," and "puff'd ■with double beer."

Another prominent national vice was ■drunkenness. lago in his cups avers thai in England "They are most potent in potting; your Dane, your German, and your swag-bellied Hollander arc nothing to your English." Beaumont and Fletcher bear the same testimony. In one of their •plays, " The Captain," this passage occurs —" Are the Englishmen such stubborn ■drinkers?" "Not a leak at sea can suck more liquor ; you shall have thair children christened in mulled sack, and at live years old able to knock a Dane down." There is, doubtless, a substantial substratum of truth beneath the dramatists'exaggeration. About tho time of the Restoration drunkenness and loyalty became closely connected. The Royalists drank deeply iD toasting the king. Burnct says "Drinking the king's health was set up by too many as a distinguishing mark of loyalty, and drew many into great excess after his Majesty's Restoration."

For the suppreßsi«n oi mmkenness several laws were in force, f 'no passed in the first year of James I, wiia entitled, " An Acte to resfraine tbe inordinate haunt ing of tiphng in mncs, al< nouses, and other victualling houses." The title of another passed three years lator was ac follows : —" An Acte to rcprev o the odious and loathsome sinnc of dmnkennesse." Both these Acts were made perpetual by one which became law in the 21st year of James I. One wituesa was uilficient for conviction instead of two as formerly. The pcpalty for a first conviction wan 5a fine; tor the second, surety for goorl behaviour.

SECTION VIII.

DKESS AND FASIIIOX.

There was probably little change of fashion among tho Puritans, m whose judg ment the cut and colour of g;*' merits were trilling matters. Extravagance in dress was positively sinful, and, ihe neatest, soberest clothes' pleased thorn most. As Neal remarks, "The dress nud conversa tion of people [in Puritan times] were sober and virtuous, find their manner of living remarkably frugal." John Cleveland's portrait of a Puritan teacher may bo quoted : — " With nato cut shorter than the brow, With little.ruff.starch'd, yon know how, With cloak like Paul, no capo 1 trow; With surplice none, but Intel) now ; With hands to thump, no knees to bow: ,See a new teacher of the town, O tho town, 0 tho.town's new teacher I" It woiild be seem that John Dryilonlin bis earlier years affected cither from preference or for economy's sake the Puritan Htyle of dress, A contemporary writes 'hat he used to see Dryden cojraaly clothnd in ouo uni form suit of Norwich drugget. He goes on to say, "I have ate tarts with him and Madam JRceve at the Mulberry Garden when our author o-'lvnuccd t'i a sword and Cbadreux wig." One of Cromwell's fellow students at Ox ford, named George Kadelifl'e, wore stock ings made out of a green baize table-cover, so unfashionable and easily satisfied was he. Perhaps knitted hose were not com mon in those days, though it is on record that Queen Elizabeth woro knitted stock ings. Samuel Butler describes the Puritan Knight as being attired iv " doublet of sturdy but!" (a favourite colour in those days) while his "breeches were of rugged woollen. In a ribald ballad [abusing thu Porliament Butler has this couplet -.— "In a robe of eow-hido (i.e. buff coat) Sat yeasty Pride" (who had been a, brewer's drayman). But we must look to the pod-Restoration literature, when Puritanism had had its day, and the nation was possessed with another set of ideas, to lind ullusions to cur rent fashions. We are indebted very largely to Pepys for the information which follows od the styles of dresa iv vogue dudog the reign of Charles 11. He inuKcs frequent notes of the clothes his pretty wife and himself adornad themselves with, and shows himself as vain as any woman. To be dressed finely was one of die weaknesses of the man. Mrs Pepys first put" patches" on her face, the beamy of wnich required no artificial aid, in August of the Restora tion year. It would appear thut this strange fashion was now becoming popular (See Pepys, 20th Oct., 1600). Tlie patches were were ot various shapes, as the following lino from one of Bsaumont and Fletcher's plays shows : — "Somo cut like stars, some In half-moons, some lozenges." Pepys saw tbe Royal Family on 22nd No vember in the same year, and noticed tbat the Princess Henrietta, whom he describes as pretty, had "her haire frized short up to tbe cares," which lie thought did not enhance her good look-", " Peruques of hair" for ladies.were th^n fashionable. Mrs Pepys wore a pair, made np of her own hair, " or else I should not endure them," her husband remarks. In the early summer of 1662 Mr and Mrs Pepys went into tbe Citytomakepurchases. rhcysawsomenew fashioned pettycoats of sarcenet., with a black broad lace printed round the bottom aud before, very handsome," and Dot un naturally, tae lady had a mind to one of them. On the 13;h of July, IGU3, Charles ll.'s queen was dressed iv " a white laced waistcoat, and a crimson short pettycoat," and her hair was dressed a la negligence. On the same day Mrs Stewait >s described as having her hat cocked and a red plume in it. Two years later Mrs Pepys pos sessed a " yellow bird's-eye hood," then fashionable. In tlie autumn of the next year Pepys had it on good authority that ladies' dresses were n"t to reach be'ow their ankles, a style which disp'cased him, probably because it seemed another step away from modesty and decency. For fond of dress and nmusement as he was, he frequently expressed his detestation and abhorrence of the mode of life prevailing at Court and among the upper circles gene rally. The fallowing quotation shows plainly enough how fond lie was of seeing his wife gaily decked out:—" 20th March, 1665.— My wife extraordinary fine to-day ia her flower tabbj suit, bmght a year and more ago, before my mother's death put her into mourning, and so; not worn tiil tbis day; and everybody in love with it; and indeed she is very fine and handsome in it."

(To Ie continued.)

The September Massacres of the French Revolution of 1792.

At two in the morning of 2nd September the city drums were beat ostensibly for the march of the Parisiau battalions to rein torce the armies of the frontier. It was the concerted signal of massacre; and the chosen assassins, liberally supplied with money and spirits, and harangued by Robespierre, Billaud Varennos, and Collot d'Herbois, were speedily ready for every atrocity. The Abbaye was the prison first attacked, the victims, seized separately, were dragged before an inexorable tribunal, and turned out among the murderers in ; the court, through whose repeated blows they were compelled to run the gauntlet till they expired—while the multitude, among whom were a vast number of women, danced like cannibals round tkeir mangled corpses.' Similar massacres took place in all the other prisons ; ia that of the Carnies, the venerable Archbishop of Aries was slaughtered, with more than 200 clersy. The Princess do Lamballe, who was a prisoner in La Petite Force, was torn to pieces, and her head, with the fragments of her bbdv, paraded before the window of the Duke of Orleans, who rose from diuner to enjoy the ghastly spectacle. Abovj 5,000 persons perished in the various prisons during this dreadful scene of carnage, which continued uninterrupted from the 2ud to the 6th of September. Even the Mons in the Bicetre, whose offence had no political character, were massacred in the indiscrim inate thirst for blood, which only ceased when no more victims could be found. The confiscation of the whole effects of the slaughtered captives, and the property of the emigrants, which was sold at the same time, became_ the source of immense wealth to the municipality; but no account could ever be obtained either of the amount or disposal of this enormous plunder. The jewel office in the Tulleries was ■ also pillaged one night, and the costly orna ments of the crown disappeared for ever, but it was never known into whose hands most of the jewels fell,— Alison.

JESSE JAMES, THE AMERICAN BANDIT.

EXCITING CAREER OF CHIME,

Mis Fearful End at the Hands

of a Comrade

JRECENT American papers give particulars of the assassinatiou, by a member of his gang, of Jesse James, a notorious doa* perado, who has been the leader and or ganiser of many bank and railway train robberies, accompanied by murder, iv various States ot the Union. The Now York " Sun" gives the following Sketch of his Life. Josse Jamos is the elder of the two James boys. Frank, the younger, U undor.-tood to "bo living in Texas uuder au nssumed namo. He is married, mid has abandoned his old ways of life. They wore the soni of a Baptist clergyniau of Kentucky, and were educated at Georgetown College, Scott County, Kentucky. Jesse was bora in 1845, and Frank in 1847. Iv 1546 the Rev. Mr James removed to Clay County, Mo., whore ho purchased a farm and per formed ministerial duties for it small Bap. tist congregation. In 1549 ho went to Cali fornia, and died there. In 1857 his widow married Dr Rcub 'ii Samuels, a physician of Clay County, Missouri. "When the war opened, Josao and Frank endeavoured t > enlist in the Confederate army, but were rejected a1? being too young for tho service. It i* stated that Dr Samuels was once terribly hcaten by a party of Union men who enmo to t\\e. house, and that it was a desire for vengeance that started the boys on their career a^ des peradoes. At any rate, they joined Qmui trcll's guerillas, and took part iv the mur derous work of the giing. Jesse James has made a brag of the number of people ho killed at the Racking of the town of Law rence. In ISCS Quaatrell was killed in a fight with a body of Federal troops, and tho gang was broken up, the James boys returning to their homes in Clay Contity, Mo., where they lived quietly. Dashing but Brutal Exploits. In ISGS, with the Younser brothers and George Stieppard, who hud been with them iv Quantrcll's band, the James boys went to the races at Lexington, Ivy. On their way home they visited Rus-cliville, in hat State, robbed (ho bank of §14,000, and tied to Texas. In December, ISOO, they resumed criminal ope atious, aud robbed the bunk at Gallatin, Mo., in connection with the Younger brothers and others of their old associates in guerilla warfare. Hero they murdered several persons, aud again went to Texas. In May, 1870, the two brothers had a fight with somo Texans at a nance house, which resulted in several murders, the victims beiog men of their own profession, and tho result was that they were com pelled to lly for their lives. '1 hey returned to their old home iv Missouri, aud again resumed agricultural pursuits. Id tbe spring of 1870, together with the Younger brothers, thay made a raid into lowa ; entering the town of Coryden, where in broad daylight, they dashed up to the bank on their horses, seven in number, dismounted, entered with drawn revolvers, and finding the cashier alone, demanded all tho money he had. The safe was open.and the cashier was totally powerless. After emptyiug several thousand dollars into a sack, they quietly remounted their horses and rode away. They were followed for a hundred miles or more by a posee of citi zens, but disappeared, and were not ;aen agnn for several months. la the latter part of the same year (1S70) the two James brothers and the four Younger brothers-again attended the races in Kentucky, anil there conceived Ihe plan of robbing a bank at Columbus. Iv the afternoon, after spending the day around the tavern iv that town, the six men mounted their horses, rode over to the bank which was only a few rods distmt,leisurely dismounted, and entered tne building, where tbey found the cashier,' the president, and a citizen engaged in conversation. Without losing any timo, three of them levelled their revolvers upon the occupants of tbe room, while tbe other three uncere moniously commenced to empty tbe safe. They gathered together all the money in sight, and, after shooting the cashier, who made an outcry, they mounted their horses and rode away. An alarm was immedi ately aiven, and they were pursued by tbe Sheriff and a large posse of men, but they reached the Cumberland Mountains in safety, and there disappeared. On the 26th of September, 1872, they committed one of the most daring and amazing exploit* in the history of crime. They attended the Missouri State Fair at Kansas City, where it is said 30,000 people were gathered, and, of course, the receipts oi the gate were correspondingly large. They remained through the day ; took dinner on the fair grounds, attended tbe races, and about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, while the attention of the crowd was drawn to a famous contest between Ethan Allen and another noted horse, they rede up to the office of the Fair Association, where they found Mr Hall, the treasurer of the Fair, counting up the receipts of the d:iy, which amounted t» nearly §10,000. Mr. Hall sat in the office with a young man. The gang put revolvers to their heads, pocketed the money.and made their escape. In the spring of 1873. they raided a bank at St. Genevieve, Mo. During the flight the outlaw who had the bag of money in charge dropped it, and the pursu t was fo hot that they had to abandon the booty. It was while they were smarting under this disappointment that their first train robbery was planned, which took place ou Kock Island road in June of the same year. About seventy-five milea cast of Council Bluff* they took up a rail in a sharp curie. a n express train was thrown oil" the track. The engineer and fireman were killed and a uumbcr of pas=engers Ladly wounded The gang robbed the express car, carrying away gold bricks, specie, aud notes to a very large amount. A large reward was offered for their apprehension, but tbey found safe refuge in Indian Territory, After this affair they committed a number of stage robberies, one of them ou tbe route to Hot Springs, Ark. In January, 1874, the gan« made its appearance at Gads Hill, a flag station on tho Iron Mountain road in Wayne County, Mo. They flagaed the train, robbed the expiess car of $11,000 and plundered a number of the passengers, A Fearful Retaliatory Code. The railroad and express companies now determined to hunt the gang down at any expense. , Pinketton's agency took the case, and a corps of detectives were sent to Mis souri under the command of Louis L. Lull, formerly a lieutenant of the police force of Chicago. One of his detectives by the name of AVeicher went to the rendezvous of the desperadoes in the garb ot a German immigrant, and applied for labour. On the "m^nim" n?ter he was found dead, with bulfet n?les in his body, tier! to a 4ree pear the road,\and also upon his per.

son was found a car/), saying—"This shall be the fate of all of Pinkerton's detectives who come into Missouri." Soon after this Lull had a desperate fight in the Monigan wood?, in south-western Missouri, with the Younger brothers, in which John Younger, the acknowledged leader of the band, was killed, and James Younger, his brother vtassetiously wounded. Daniels, the Sheriff of St. Cloir County, was also instantly killed, and Lull was mortally wounded, dying a few days after ward. The pursuit was so hot that the James and Younger boys sought refuge in Texa*. In January, 1575, Mr Pinkcrton learned that Jesse and Frank James had returned to their mother's residonco, and an attempt was made to capture them. A large body of men, well armed, proceeded to the resi dence of Mrs Samuels about midnighr. The house was surrounded, and n hand grenade was thrown into one of tho rooms. A little sou of Mrs Samuels was killed by the explosion, and sho luul one of her hands torn off, Neither of the outlaws was at home. Thoy believed that a man named Daniel Oskoy, living at Liberty, Missouri, whs concerned in tho visit, so they rode over to his house, called him to the door, and shot him. Sanguinary Encountcr.-ThcQanf/ nearly Exterminated. In tho spring of 1575 the gang perpe trated another train robbery, this time ou the Kansas Pacilic road, at a small station near Kansas City. Tho i.as'cngcrs were not troubled, but money aud gold dust to the amount of §25,000 was taken from the express car. The trail of the robbers was followed to Indian territory, where they again eluded capture. Following this came the robbery of a bank nt Huntingdon, West Virginia. Then came another train robbery. On July 7,1876, the gang stopped a train in tho Missouri Pacitic road, in a rocky cut in Pettis County, Missouri. Jesse James and Cole Younger entered the ex press car, mid compelled the messenger to open the safe, which contained §15,000. As usual, the robbers escaped capture. Tho country was one that they were familiar with, and which abotio(i3 in hid ing places. The valley of Grand River is a region thickly covered with timber and underbrush, and full of swamps nnd bayous, furnishing the outlaws with a safe retreat so long as their depredations were carried en in this region. When they left it to po into an unfamiliar country for their next great enterprise they met with a reverse. They planned a raid on the bank in Northiield, Minnesota. On September 7th, 187(5, they rodo up in their usual style and took jiossession of the bank. Jesse Jamos killed Casher Haywood in cold blood fur refusing to open the vault, It happened to be in the midst of the prairie chicken neason, and overybody who came to town was armed with a shotgun or ride. The outlaws bad considerable difficulty in get ting out of town, and for the lirst time they met with something like an organised re sistance. Gel Miller and ;Bill Chadwell were left dead in the street, and sbveral others were hurt. They were pursued into a swamp, where Stiles was killed, and Jesse James and all three of thu Youngcrs were wouuded. Frank Riid Jesse James made their escape into Dakota, but the Youngcrs were captured. Jesse was seriously hurt, but lie managed to pull through, and eventually the brothers made their way back to Missouri. The Younpcrs pleaded guilty, and arc now serving life sentences. They profess to have embraced religion. llobhcry of Thirty-fire Thousand Dollars. Nothing was'heard of the James boys for a long time after this affair, aud it was re ported that they were dead. On Oct. 7, 1579, a train was robbed on the Chicago and Alton j.toad, twenty-two miles cast of Kansas City, by tho James boys and four others, and it is claimed that they got §35,000 from tbe express car. George Stieppard, who had been one of Quantrcll's lieutenants, and who had beon associated with the James boys in some of their operations, but who had reformed, was now engaged at a large salary to act us a dectcctive. He joiued the ganp, and iu forincd the detectives of their plan to rob a bank :it Knipire City. Jasper County, Mo., and of their place of meeting. A descent was arranged, but the outlaws got newa of it, and got away in time. Sheppard's treachery was suspected, and he would have been killed had he not been quick enough on the trigger to shoot Jesse James and then to escape through the swiftness of his horse. He reported that he had killed James, but the latter was only wounded. Frank James at this time re tired from the gang, and settled down in Tex us. The Character of the Outlaw. CRUEL, KELIGIOUS LICENTIOUS, AND GENEROUS. A correspondent of the " Kansas City Times" ."gives the following remarks and illustrations on the character of Jesse James:—There was nothing chivalrous in Jesses nature. Ho lived for himself alone. Devoid of education, ho has managed to become thoroughly posted up in the affairs of the day. Licentious and cruel, yet there was something in his nature that led him to respect good women, and form liaisons withjhundreds of others who were not pure. A natural child of his, a girl about 1G years ot age, is now living in Howard County, this State. She is the daughter of a fascinating grass widow of S.lt Crock Bottom. The country is well rid of Jesse, but having saved my life and spared a life for me, I was under eternal obligations fto him, and am glad to say his trust was never betrayed. Dick Little and tbe Ford boys I do not know, and am not sorry. What I have written may or may not prove satis factory, but it is the truth uncmbellished, During the spring, summer, and fall of ISGißill Anderson operated through Boone, Howard, and adjoining countio?, making his headquarters at ■ Rocheport, Boone County, where I then lived, and it was there I became acquainted with him and all of his gang, among [whom Jesse James was a conspicuous member. Ander son celebrnted his arrival in northern Mis souri by robbing the bank at Huntsville,. Randolph County, securing about §40,000. A St. Louis drummer who happened to be walking along the street that day, was shot and killed out of pure wantonness by Jesse James. The'day after the robbery the band was in Rocheport, flqsli with money, and amused themselves by getting on a huge drunk. While the orgie was in progress a steam boat rounded the bend, going down the Mis couri River, and was fired into by the "uerrillas. A company of United Staes troops, armed with long-ranged rides, made it rather unpleasant for the long-haired gentlemen, who found ft convenient to seek shelter behind buildings, with the excep tion of Jesse James and Hedge Reynolds, who.under a murderous fire from the troops on board, followed tho boat for a mile down the river, and Jesse, with a carbine, suc ceeded in killing the Captain of the troops, be having thoughtlessly exposed himself to his unerring aim. Shortly after the skir mish Anderson formed his men into line, and sittiDg on their horses in front of the Bailey Hoxtse, they sang Quantrcll's call, a favourite song of the freebooter's, the ilrst etanza of which is as follows:

Up comrades, up, the moon's in the west, And we must bo tfoneoretluiduwuiiiKof day, Thu hounds ot'old Pennook will lind out our nest But theQuuntrell they aeek shall be far, far away. This song wai an especial favourite of Jesso'a and iia he wai iutciisely emotional in his nature, he could siofj it with as much gusto as ho could cut a throat Another favourite aong of his was " Am I a Soldier of the Gross?" Strange as it may appear, Jesse believed iv a Uod, ami it is said he once put daylight through a companion's liver (or doubting the existence of a hell. I will not vouch for the story. A neighbour boy of mine, A JlenßysfielcT, who hud espoused tlio Union cause, and who was stationed ut Fayette, Howard County, paid a visit to his mother. By some means his presence in town was made known to the guerillas and a search made for him. It mi fruitlews, howeve-, during the day, nnil I had gone to bed csngrntulat ing myself on Allen's escape. About mid night I was awakened, and on going to the door found Jcs«O .Tames, John Hubbard, and John Van Meter, who demanded of me the oars to a small boat I had, the oara btiing lit home for safe keeping. It at oncß Hashed thiougli my mind that young BjsfieM had ntccoeded in crossing the river, and that the party had determined to follow him to the death, I asked and received permission to go with them, and we were soon in Cooper County. The young man was found lying asleep in an old shanty, and captured without any dilliculiy. It was decided to kill him by cutting liis throat, and Jesse was chosen as executioner. If ever I pleaded for any tiling. I did for that young man's life. For iv while I was without hope, but when I spoko of the boy's mother, and his desire to see her whieli had led him to brave all danger, Jesse laughed and said, "D—n a nun that wouldn't go through hell to SCO his mother. Good-bye, pard, you can go. If you can ever do this boy a good turn, do it. Come on ; let's go back " The river was crossed in silence, and as the good angel had possession of Jesse that uight'ho looked every inch a noble man, although but a boy in years himself. Mis JtecJdess During. Thfl same correspondent quoted above narrates the following incident : — One night last October I was walking up Twelfth-street in thu city, and on the corner of Oak I. met the redoubtable Jes*c himself, lie wai not disguised at all. We walked together down Twelfth to Main passing on tho corner of Grand avenue Otlictrs Crabtree and Nichols. Hailing a hack, we entered it, and proceeded to take in the town. " Let's go to George Gaston's," he said. " Do you know him ?" I inquired, "No, I no not, but I have hoard he has expressed a dei-ire to see me, and I want to gratify him," he replied, I bcßan to feel a little ticklish, and asked, him if lie intended to make himself known, and breathed easier when he said ho did not. Wo stopped at Gaston's, but tho Colonel wasn't there. Jc?se took lemonade. From Gastou's we went to the Coliseum, took a private box, and remained during the lirsi part of the performance. As Josso set nit the beer pretty frequently he was, for the time being, the favourite of the g rls. Leaving the ttieattc, we went to a house on Third Street. As we went in Jesses hat, a sombrero, attracted the atten tion of some young Hebrew blonds, one of WHom was pluyiug on the piano. " Gentle men, tin* is Jca^e James in disguise," said one of the girls. He acknowledged the introduction, and the young man playing the piano struck oil' the following doggerel improvisation : — If Ji:S-;c Jnmea worohero. And wouldn't treat to beer, HeM walk olt'nn Ids ear- Baby mine. Jesses face slightly Hushed with anger, and I expected to sea the house trans formed into a hospital, but he good humourcdly set 'em up to the boys. Had the bbods known it was Jesse tbey would h.ive been running yet. While in the carriage I alluded to the dauger he ran in living iv a city. His iei>ly was that he had found that the Safest place to hide was in a city. " Why, these devilish detectives never catch a man unless he makes a bummer of himself, and it s devilish little I drink. Besides, no mnn will ever get the drop on mo unless he is a Missourion, fur I don't trust anyone else, and then they'll have to shoot from be hind." His words have proven prophetic. We parted company at the corner of Sixteenth and Gra'td Avenue, both taking" cigars at the Topcka Exchange saloon. I saw no more o£ him until I saw him a corpse at St. Joseph, having gone there to satisfy myself of nis identity. It was lie beyond doubt. Shootiuri of the Desperado. St. Joseph, Mo,, April 3.—A great sen sation was created iv this city this morning by the announcement that Jesse James, the notorious bandit and train robber, had been shot and killed hero in St. Joseph. The news spread with great rapidity, but most persons received it with doubts, until investigation established the Jact beyond question. Then the excitement became more and more intense, and crowds of people rushed to the quarter of the city where the shooting hail occurred, anxious to view the body of the dead outlaw, and to learn the particulars. In a smalt frame shanty in the south west part of the city, on the hill, not far from the World's Hotel, Jesse James has lived with bis wife since some time in No vember last. Kobert and Charles Ford, two of Ilis gang, have made 'their head quarters at his house. Charles, it is said, has lived with him in the shanty ever since November ; Robert arrived about tea days ago, and the three have been making preparations for a raiding expedition on which they were to start to-nighr. James and the two Fords were in the front mom together at abmit 9 o'clock this morning. James took oft' his belt, and lair! his pistols on the bed, preparing to wash himself, when Kobert Ford sprang up behind him, and sent a bullet through his brain. The ball entered flic back of bis head at the base of the right brain, coming out over the eye. On Jesses person were found a heavy plain gold ring, marked •■ Jesse," two gold watches, one a stem winder, engraved " A. S. B." which he is said to have taken from a former Governor of Arizona a) the Sweet Springs robbers, and the other watch, a key winder, which was tak'en with, a solitaire diamond ring, at the robbsry ot the Mammoth Cave stage line in Kentucky a few years ago, There were also found a set of |et studs and a lady's oval breastpin. Jesses arms consisted of a forty-five calibre Sm'th and Wesson revolver, a forty-five calibre Colt's revolver, a Winchester re peater, nnd a double-barrel shotgun. The Ford boys claim to have had no ob-« jeot in view save to obtain the rewatct offered by Governor Critteuden for Jesse James, dead or alive. They bad recently had two interviews with tho Governor of the St. James Hotel in Kansas City. The Governor was informed of their plan of action, and approved it wholly. The boys have been in constant communication with Sheriff Timberiake and H. H. Craig, and acted under their instructions. The as«as» Bin is twenty years old, and his brother twenty-five, They aio fiae-loqking, intel*

STAR SATURDAY SUPPLEMENT, JULY 15, 1882.

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* The diet of tho lower classes has already been described in Section vi.