Ashburton Guardian. Magna est Veritas et Prævalebit. SATURDAY, JUNE 12, 1897. "DOCTOR" SEDDON.

Op all the comical things we have read ■ f for a long time past commend us to the announcement by cable that the University of Cambridge proposes to confer honoris causa the degree of D.O L. on the Colonial Premiers who will be assembled in London in con nection with the Becord Reign Cele brations, .Not that we are of those who object to honors being given to the representatives of the colonies as a re cognition of the value which the Crown as the head of the nation sets upon the vigorous offshoots of a great Empire, and at the same time a memorial of a unique and memorable occasion ; but there should at least be some regard for the fitness of things in determining the nature of those honors. The Order of St. Michael and St. George was instituted for the especial purpose of enabling the recognition of prominent colonials, and were it not that knight hoods have been too plentiful and some what promiscuously bestowed,admission to that Order would be the most appropriate way of honoring our Premiers. But the value of knight hoods, has been largely discounted by want of discrimination in their bestowal, and the K.O.M.G. is not regarded as a very high honor in consequence, while also it may be added that the demo cratic sentiment of the colonies re gards knighthood with disfavor. Under these circumstances a royal patent entitling the liecord Beign Premiers to the prefix of v right honorable" would be a happy way of marking the memorable occasion without running counter to colonial democratic views. But the proposal of Cambridge to confer an honorary university degree is ridipulous and altogether absurd. No doubt the Colonial Premiers know a good deal about civil laws —anyhow our own Richard is supposed to have at least one branch—that of mining law—at his fingers' ends, but to invest him and them in the robes of a Doctor of Laws is only just a little more inappropriate than it would be to confer upon them (he title of Ooctors of Divinity. If the former, then the latter also should certainly be granted j the former to mark the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, and the latter to mark the Lambeth Conference which is to take place con temporaneously with its celebration.

THE GREEKS' DEFEAT

The failure of Creese jn her struggle with Turkey is dramatic and grave, both in its completeness and signifi cance. Thessaly is in the hands of the Turks, who now seek its cession as one of the conditions of peace. A month ago the Greek army was trying to con centrate itself at Pharsala-~-the scene of the aooieut historic encounter in which < a^ar Coated the flower of th* patrician troops of Tc^^y. Today the army has been routed at every point. The progress of the Turks was slow, but it was steadiiy onward, and though not an inch of ground was gained without hard fighting, yet the result was the inevitable decisive victory that every onlooker foresaw, whether he looked from our and other distant islands of the sea, from the great centres of population on the four conti nents, from the closer vicinities in Europe of the seat of war, or from the very theatre of the war itself. The Greek defence collapsed like a nutshell before the superior organisation of the Moslems. And now the end has come i of the fighting, and a temporary peace reigns while the Powers adjudicate upon the terms of a permanent peace. But even yet the future is dark and uncertain for those hapless but gallant defenders of their country who, after efforts which have earned the admir ation of Europe, have had to abandon in war the province which was by diplomacy wrested out of the hands of Turkey. It is a pitiful experience for the Greeks, and not least for the King who put himself at the head of the popular movement; but the bitter moral of a reckless war had been fore seen by ail except those foolish fiends of the Hellenic cause, in England and elsewhere, who have tempted their victims to their doom. Greece has been beaten to her knees and has now had to seek the intervention of the six Poweis, whose advice in the early his tory of her troubles she was rash enough to disregard. She now frankly admits her failure to the European Concert, which did its utmost to pre vent her from plunging into war, and seeks to be saved from the consequences of her folly. Those consequences are not likely to be so severe as Turkey | desired to make them when she dictated her terms of peace. We hardly fancy there will be a retro cession of Thejsgaly, but there will be required of the smaller poj»/er the pay ment of a heavy indemnity, and it wjll be well for her if she get off at that price, Her friends admired her gallant attempt to free Crete, and the pluck—imprudent and foolish fcnough it was- -with which she entered upon the conflict with her old enemy. Both j friends and foes admired her poijrage and her gallantry, though amaged that Bhe should enter upon a campaign so hopeless of victory. But she j would have he? own way and rejected j all counsel. Now that g.he is beaten j hopelessly and sues for peace, fch# Powers are doing their best to let her down as ljghtly as possible ; but they appear to b,e .keeping well in view the fact that in thi war jn wl#h ghe has just been defeated, she was tfee a^ressor, and againefc all- adyice, and that being so must pay the eo«t* m & lost cause.

Liquor dealers in some parts of America have onerous legal responsi bilities. This may THE " TRADE " be seen from an in- IN AMERICA. cident at Brookston,

Indiana. A man who had been served with drink by a saloon-keeper became intoxicated and shot at and wounded a bystander. The wife of the injured man sued the liquor dealer, claiming damages for her hus band's loss of time and for the cost of nursing him until he recovered from the injuries inflicted by the drunkard. The lower Court awarded her 833 dollars. As this judgment has been affirmed by the Appellate Court of Indiana, it must be supposed that the settled policy of the State is that the man who sells liquor must pay for the mischief resulting from the sale We deal much more generously with our liquor sellers in this country. Had the Brookston saloon-keeper had the benefit of our enlightened laws he would have run no riak of an action for damages. He might possibly have been fined for permitting drunkenness or for selling liquor to a drunken person, but this is by no means clear. He could hardly be said to be guilty of the offence of permitting " violent, quarrelsome, or riotous conduct to take place on his premises," for although shooting another person might be held to answer all three descriptions, the landlord could bardly be aaid to " permit" it.

Last year an enquiry was held in Vienna aa to the condition of working women in that city. AUSTRIAN FEMALE The report, or such WORKERS- portions of it as found their way into the press, caused no small sensa tion, revealing as it did the life of miserable toil and semi-starvation led by thousands of women and girls. The results of the report are now 1 summarised by the editor of the German Journal of Social Legislation, DrHeinrich Braun. The moral appears to be that the grievances of women's labour are similar in kind, if not in degree, in all countries, To a system of piecework so arranged that only the most strenuous exertion will pro duce a bare living wage the only alternative is day-work with a fixed minimum task, an ingenious contrivance which may be described as piecework without the possibility of increased pay. The low wages resulting from the unorganised condition of labor are dragged atill lower by the competition of home-workers, and by apprenticeship cruelly drawn out so as to retard the progress of the learner and defer the day when wages, however meagre, must be paid. The evidence of the women showed that they lived chiefly on bad coffee, bread, and potato soup. Overwork and insufficient food, as Dr Brauu shows from the registration tables, have disastrous results, not only for the mothers but also for their off spring.

In a book recently published, entitled " War, Famine, and our Food Supply," the author, Mr R. BRITAIN'S FOOD B, Marston, drawa SUPPLY. a gloomy picture of the position of Great Britain in the event of a mferitiine war. He appears to believe that there ia not mars than a week's supply of wheat in the cpuntry. The outbreak of war with the United States and Russia would thus, he contends, at once cij,t oft Britain's main sources of food, and entail speedy capitulation. To meet this tremendous risk fyx Marston proposes a scheme for the storage of wheat to the value of £30,000,000. It if evident, however, remarks one reviewer, that very large reserves must exist somewhere. The general idea which Seems to prevade this book-—that the corn supply flaw in a continuous stream without the equalising power of resarvoiri-^is re futed by patent facts. Thequestipn gpes far deeper than Mr Marston appears to realise. The provision of his fortified corn stores would not in the least suf)|ce for the needs of the nation in war. Other foodstuffs of an annual value more than four times that of the pro posed corn reserve caunot be left out of consideration. There remain, in addi tion the essential imports of raw materials and the equally essential exports by which alone the necessary supplies can be paid for and the employment of the people maintained. These proposals are wholly inadequate to meet the needs which arise on the author's own hypotheses. And, further, they are economically unsound. Fortunately, or unfortunately, the Empire has come to depend upon sea borne commerce. Upon the main tenance of that commerce in war national effort must be concentrated, and attempts to obscure the main issues are tf) be deprecated.

It will probably surprise a goo 4 many to learn that kite-flying has aa anti-

KITE FLYING.

quity that goes back a thousand years before the Christian

era. J£ites were flown during th<a development and maintenance of tjie high order of civilisation atsd of power in ancient Malaysia. Mr Wagljorn, who has published a book on the sub ject, has colJated some interesting facts or legends concerning this particular ( form of aerostation. He confesses that the early purpose of the kite in the Malay Peninsula is unknown, but con* jectures that it was connected with some religious rite. Was the flying of kites ever practised by the early Occi dental civilisation ? Our author makes no mention of the Greeks and Romans. But, granting the great antiquity of kite flying in the East, either as a njere pastime or wjth some religious riigaiftcance, wo nipt sjtill demur ac cepting the author's staternen;t as to its early use in warfare. " The anti quity of the kite for use in war," he writes, "is indicated by a Japanese record of the use, in Japan six hundred years ago, of structures large enough to swing a man into the air, seated upon puch a contrivance as wou'd be suggested by wfyat is now, in marine parlance, termed a • bosuns chair,' whence he could espy the location' and arrangement of, and the men aad war like apparatus 'in^, an enemy's camp. The .chair depended Iron* the |ftiL's endf"' "jJojr ?»» easily bel^eye'h^s story of the attempt rna^e b.y rubbers to steal two goldfish from the minarets of a Japanese castle with the help of a kite. The robber flew easily at the kite'ltaUtQ the eovrtid booty} but

the kite, which carried a man, failed to carry back the weight of a solid gold fish. For future protection against felonious kites, he informs us, the gold fish were enclosed in iron cages. There is no doubt, however, that at the pre sent moment military autboriiies in more countries than Britain are ex perimenting with the kite as a possible auxiiiary to an army in war time. J?or some months these aerial reminders of boyhood's days have been a familiar sight at Portsmouth, where theautbori- Ities have * een conducting an elaborate series of experiments with them.

The practice of forming associations of manufacturers for the sale of their productions abroad, TRADE which is a feature COMBINATIONS of modern commer cial organisation in Germany, ia referred to at some length in a report to his Government by the United States Consul at Plauen. He gives copious extracts from a circular issued by the Saxon Export Aesocia. tion, which contains some interesting items. It is stated that the travellers of the association in South Africa have had marked success, and teat they entertain good hopea of more. They have difficulties to encounter, and especially "English influence had to be combated." To Japan and Ohma a traveller—a native Chinaman who had resided many yeara in Europe—had been sent. He understands German trade and manufactures, and ia accredited by the Government to all German consuls. His efforts have resulted in the receipt of some good orders, but he reports that a consider able time will be required for the fall development of the trade which he is engaged in opening up. In the Balkan States and Turkey the agents of the Association have had to work under many unfavorable conditions. These are not specified, but it may be inferred that amongst them bad debts stand prominent, since it is stated that " some of our members have sufftred, but the Association has worked energetically to protect them from loss, and in most oases has succeeded in securing a satisfactory settlement." Referring generally to its operations, the Aasocia* tion says: " Many • firms have been repaid a thousandfold" for their con tributions to its fuuds, and it is added that the informa' ion supplied to the members is drawn from sources not open to the public.

Local and General.

Reading matter on fourth page. The Heretaunga Mounted Rifles are to bo disbanded. Ihe Ladies' Liederkranz meet for practice on Monday evening. The plant known aa " tansy " ia alleged to be a specific for bot-fly. More than 1800 varieties of roses have been cultivated during the present century. The night school, of which Mr D. J. Jones ja principal, will open op Monday evening. Nelson Bros, have received the following cablegram from their London office ;—" To day's quotations, best Canterbury mutton 3id, Dunedin 3£d, Napier and North Island 3d." The Benefit Societi3B Commission finished at Christchurch yesterday, after going into the Sick and Accident Society of the Kaiapci Woollen Factory. The finance of the Society was good, the credit balance for the year showing £106 4s 7d. "What is your religion, Mr Gilbert? 1' asked the landlady of her new boarder. ". Meat three times a day," was the reply that startled the good woman, and put her into a reverie as to whether the man was a heathen or misunderstood the question. The chorus to a '! pome composed in honour of the Premier's visit 'Qme, is aa fellows s— Then never mind your H's, And let the grammar rip, We'll make the money fly my boy?, Upon our loyal trip. At a meeting of the business people of the town, held yesterday afternoon, to discujs the question of holidays dur ing th« Jubilee week, it was decided unanimously to have but one holiday during the week—Tuesday, June 22 An advertise ment to tjjat efect appears in this issue. The example of a Scotch IJironeji of old might be valuable as regards the only safe method of proceeding to arbitration. Sir John Innes, after discussing the prelimin aries of an arbitration, was aiked—"But will ye abide by my award!" Sir John replied—" Faith J would like to ken first what it is. All the Colonial Acclimatisation Societies, with the esoeptio.u of Canterbury, have adopted the suggestion of the Wellington !■ ociaty for a conference in the first week of the next Besaion of Parliament, to arrange for the uniform opening of the shooting and fishing seasons, and Siting gun licenses, $ The Princess Theatre in Duqedin had ft narrow escape from destruction by fire this morning (says a Press Association telegram). Some live ashes were left near the pit door, which was ignited, setting fire to spme chemicals, and causing an explosion. The promptitude of the police prevented a serious lira. We notice that with a view to having aa many bonfires as possible on the night of the 22nd (Diamond Jubilee day) the Waimate Celebration Committee invite farmers who have straw stacks to bum to set light to these at 8 p.m. The idea might be worth following up in this county. We commend it to the loci committee. A Stewart Island correspondent of the Otago Daily Times writes :—" Whales are very much in evidence in the strait. I saw no less than four spouting at the same time very near the vicinity of some of the fishing boats. Not being very desirable com panions at close quarters they are generally allowed to romp about unmolested..'* The first buli fight of the season writes our Paris Correspondent took place a few days ago at Perpignan under the presidency of the Mayor and before 0000 spectators. The Spanish toreadors, Fabrilo and Minuto, j killed six bulls and were the objects of an enthusiastic ovation. Fifteen horses were victims. Propeedings have been in? stituted againsb the director of the arena and against the toreadors. Mr Walter Dolman returned last evening from Christchurch, whither he had gone to purchase fireworks for the Jubilee display. He has secured an excellent list, and while keeping fairly within his commission as regards post, will be able to provide a display that will be the wonder and delight of the children, as' well as a pleasing display to older people.

A Kangitikel exchange says it is an open secret that it is the inteution- of the Govern ment to pardon Louis Chemis in commemora tion of the Queen's record reign. A letter addressed Mrs Browne, Cam bridge street, Oamberwell, London, wus found a day or two ago by Mr Ayrton, of Seafield, who thought it beat to stamp and post the letter at once. A Yankee plan to keep subscriptions paid up takes the cake. Every time a delin quent subscriber is mentioned in hia paper, his name is inverted. For example:— " nqop sauiflf and wife are spending a tew days ia New York." Every other subscriber understands who it means, and there is a grand rush to get right side up again. There are two men in what is termed the •'Back Hole of Pretoria," for refusing to beg President Kruger's pardon. One is Mr Davies, an Australian, who is known in political circles, andCapiain Wools Sampson who has fought with distinction in most of the African wars. Old Father Oom Paul is | piling up offences which like chickens will! come home to roost. James Young, late storekeeper at Fairlie, was committed for trial yesterday at Timaru on six informations, charging him with breaches of the Bankruptcy Act—failing to keep proper books, obtaining credit by false pretences, transferring £500 of assets with intent to defraud his creditors, making improper payments of £500, obtaining credit by a false statement of his position, and making an illegal preferential payment. The Deputy Official Assignee was informant. The Board of Education, through the medium of a oircular, is informing all School Committees that, while not specially urging Committees to celebrate the Record Reign, the Board will view with pleasure any steps taken by them in that direction such as demonstrations, tree planting, the issue of medals to school children, the entertaining of the children, or by such other suitable way as the Committees may consider best adapted to local circumstance's and calculated to impress the children with a lasting sense of so important an event. There is little doubt but that Carl Hertz will easily attract another overflowing audi ence to the Oddfellows' Hall on Monday evening, when he makes his reappearance for that night only, since all those who saw him some weeks ago will doubtless want to see him again, and all those who have neglected to see his unique performance will no doubt accept the last opportunity. In addition to a complete set of new sleight of hand tricks, the really marvellous illusion •« Stroubaika," will be presented for the first time here, whilst the original Cinemeto graphe will present a series of twenty new views, which includes the great star picture, the great Corbett prize fight. Intending patrons would do well to secure their seats at the box office before Monday and thus avert otherwise almost inevitable disappoint* menb. Professor Bristol's educated horses are coming to Ashburton and will perform at the Oddfellows' Hall on the night of Monday, 21st inst. We saw their opening performance at Christchurch, and {have no hesitation in saying that it is the best show of the kind 1 that has ever visited tht colony. The animals are sleek and well-fonditioned, and evidently governed by kindness, and the feats they perform must be seen to bs believed. The arithmetical horse Sultan, adds, divides, and subtracts like » sixth standard schoolboy, and the mule Denver, is a comedian of the first water. Be bowa and winka to the audience with irresistible comicality, and evokes the hearty laughter of all beholders. There is also a team of equine bell ringers of no mean ability, and one and all of the troupe answer to their namea and are as docile and clever as a lot of well-trained children. The Stewards of the Ashburton Coursing Club meb last night. There was a fuil attendance, and Mr J. Dore was in the chair. The final arrangemeLta for the Heoord Reign Stakes were made. Mr H. Milner wis appointed judge, everybody present expressing their cordial appreciation of his success in that capacity, Mr M. Healy was appointed slipper, Mr W. Kidd ! flag steward, and Mr W. Shearman slip j steward. Votes of thanks were passed to ' Messrs Rogers and McDowell for the use of their ground for the meeting. The public will be admitted to the coursing on purchas ing a card, which "Will- contain —tbe-innneß and colors of each dog. Seven or eight new dogs have come into Ashburton this last week, which says something for the ? enthusiasm of the lopal sports, and the Record Reign Stakes will no doubt be an event of the year. Qwners are reminded that entries cose on Friday, June 18, at Central Hotel, and the draw takes place at nine.

That the times are exceedingly bad in Liverpool just now is evidenced by the large number of stowaways who are discovered on nearly every sailing vessel leaving that port for the colonies. So regular has the custom become for numerous hard-up members of the working class to hide away on the sailers, that before a vessel finally leaves the river a systematic search is instituted by the captain. In fact, it is very seldom that these searches do not result in some poor unfortunate man being found. As many as 1§ men l»*ve been discovered on one large ship. The twp stowaways who were referred to in yesterday's New Zealand Times as hav ing succeeded in reaching this oolony in the barque Northern Monarch were discovered hidden away in the fore-peak. With only two additions to the number of men on a ship, the vessel's stores are affected to no little e^tra extent, but it pan easily be understood how from six to 12 extra mouths would affect the supply Captain Nixon, of the barque now in port, intends to retain one of the gtQWftways as a member of his crew, as he has beep to sea before, and has proved himself to he more than "■ worth his salt'" The other man, however, will be forced to remain behind and do the best he can on shore to earn his Jiving, but he appears to be quite contented at haying been success ful in reaching this prosperous colony.

The ueual monthly meeting of the Tin,wald School Committee was he}d on Tuesday laab. Present—Messrs Clothier (chairman), James Hampton, 0. Doherty, F. Bonoington, J. M. Hampton, J. Stephens, and Janiei Gudsell. The master'B report was read, which showed the number of children on the roll to ha—Boys 76, girls 71-total 147; and that the average attendance for the past four weeks had been—Boys 62.2, girls 54— total 116.2. Considering the fine weather, the attendance cannot be considerei good. The falling off is due chiefly to sickness, and some of the older children being away at work. It was decided to Bend notices to some of the parentß in regard to their absent children. Messrs J?. Bonnington, James Hampton, and J. Stephens were appointed ! to inspect the dividing fence between the ! master's and the playground, and report to next meeting. It was decided to vote for Mr W. J. Silcock for a seat on tho Board of Education. Letters were received from the County Council and Arrangem nt Committee re record reign, whioh were ordered to bs left on the table. A letter was received from the Board in regard to a window in the master's glass room, which the Olerk of Works would see to as Boon as practicable. Miss Taylor sent in her resignation as mistress, which was accepted with regret, and it was decided to recommend Miss Douda to the position. Accounts were passed for payment to the amount of £2. Messrs James Hampton and J. Stephens were appointed Visiting Committee for the remainder of the [year. Ths meeting then adjourned.

It 13 stated that " the State railways of 1 Hungary have again proved the efficiency of I the zoue tariff system." The total receipts for 1896 amounted to 98,234,190 florins against 89,534,726 florins in 1895 (the florin is equal to 20d,) and againat 91 million anticipated in the Budget. The expenses j were 60,236 381 florins, or a little over 3£ I million more than in the preceding year. Ihe net profits were 38,087,000 florins, or five million more i han in 1895. The mileage was the same in* both year*. The wife of Mr D. Robinson, a prominent lumberman of Hart wick, N V., was sick with rheumatism for five months. In speak ing ot it, Mr Robinson says: ' Chamberlain's Pain Balm is the only thing that gave her rest from pain. For the relief of pain it cannot be beat," Many very bad oases of rheumatism have been cured by it. For sale by Ashburton Drug Company.

"MUSIC."

Paper read by Mrs Donald McLean before a meeting of the Ashburton Leiderkranz on Monday evening. May 31, 1897. (Continued.) The word madrigal was first applied to a kind of lyric poetry, and afterwards to the music to which this poetry was.set. A madrigal is always set for several voices, and Bung in chorus, thus differing from the glee, and also from the billad and serenade ; it belongs to its owa period, now long past, as it was originally based on the old church scales ; and it is esentially a vocal composi tion, »nd should be unaccompanied by instruments; although during its decadence, it was accompanied. It is very difficult) to lay down rales as to the form of the madrigal, as they differ so' much. Thomas Morley, in his excellent treatise, published in 1597, and entitled " A plain and easier introduction to practical musioke," gives instructions as to the methods of composing madrigals. He himself was a prolific composer of madrigals, and published an extensive collection of them in praise of Queen Elizabeth. It was entitled:— Madrigals. The Triumphs of Ariana, to five and six voices ; composed by divers severall authors. Newly published by Thomas Morley, batohelor of musick, and one of the gentlemen of Her Majesties Honorable Chappell." All the greatest English composers of the day contributed to this collection, and the result was a matchless combination of madrigaliaa excellence, which no doubt had the very best of influence on the art.

CHAMBER MUSIC. There was still a third class of musio | which was greatly cultivated during this reign j and that was chamber music. Six stringed " viols" with frets on the neck ! like those of a 19th century guitar, were > i usually found in seta, treble, alto, tenor, and bass, and were called " chesta of vtols." The luce retained its place throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, and no one was considered to be well educated or cultivated who was not proficient in the art of playing it; and many works for the lute were Sublished by John Dowland, After the e*th of Elizabeth, music remained without change in England for a quarter of a century. James I. cared nothing for any of the arts, and therefore did not foster music as Queen Elizabeth had done, but as long as the great masters of the preceding reign lived, the national love and practice of music could not die out. Orlando Gibbons did much to keep the musical spirit of the times ative; and after his early decease Church music gradually declined, as indeed did all other music. No genius arose to supply new music ideas; yet there were several good conscientious musicians, whose work, although soho-arly, was not lit by the divine spark of genius. After the civil wars, a great blow fell upon music, and especially upoq Church music. All Church \ music books were destroyed by act of Parliament io 1643, all organs taken down, all the choirs turned out, and no music was sllqwod jn churches except plain metrical psalms, which had to be sung unaccom panied, and with the words of every line read out before being sung. AH theatres and places of pubiio entertainment were closed. Yet music was practised privately, mostly by amateurs, and Oxford was a haven of refuge for musicians who had been hunted from their usual abodes; that is, during the year or two in which Charles I. made it his home. There were several good ma iciacs during these troublous times, chief of Whom was JT>hn Jenkins. ]So~ sooner was monarchy restored, and with it the choral services of, the Chu.rch qf England, than com posers and musicians sprang up on all sides to repair the damage done to art>. Charles 11. did but little to en courage the solid at fie of Tallis, Byrd, and Gibbons 5 he preferred the light kinds of composition to which he had been used in France, and encouraged this style of com position in preference to ohurch music. In 1653 England's greatest musical genius, Henry Fgroeli, was born. When only seventeen yean of age, he made a name for himself with a beautiful opera, full of masterly writing, being entitled Dido and Eneas. His anthems, his services, are full of marvellous learning, as displayed in his counterpoint and boldness of his harmonies. After him came Dr Blow, Henry ASdrich, and Dr Creyghton, all following in his steps and helping to build up the great English school which (or so Jong had fallen into evil During the period of decadence, felt all over the world, there lived and worked in Germany certain men who were led by gift and culture to ignore the deteriorated and deteriorating manner of working in music, and to strive after the pure and true. Only parti "Py understood by their own country men, they were valued far below their proper worth. By gratifying their own individual genius on the best of the works of those masters that lived prior to the decadence period, they created a new era in musical art with their new forms and ideal conceptions, The number of these men is only six; their names oelebrattd throughout the civilised world;— Bach, Handel, Gluck, Haydn, Mo?»rD, and Beethoven. No other name may be bracketed with these. What they accomplished in the world of tonal art, no earner or later composer has succeeded in achieving,—the opening up of new fields of musical thought, and the invention of new forms of musical expression. Each created his own forms, filling them with solid subject—matter unapproached by the work of any other master. {To be continued.)

SPORTING.

, THE NEW ZEALAND CUP. Although the nomination list for the New Zealand Cup is a good 009, it cannot be re garded as wholly satisfactory from a quality standpoint. It i* true there are animals en gaged that are foemen worthy of the steel of the beat, but, on the other hand there are several first-class animals not engaged at all. The cracks of the Xaldhurat Stable are conspicuous by their absence, as are other notables such as Nestor, Gohtapur, Bellicent, Mahaki, Casket, and the note worthy Gipsy Grand. The latter hae been relegated to stud duty, therefore the un decided question of superiority between that horse and Euroolydon will never be settled. That the handicapper will have to commence with a pretty stiff impost goes without say ing, as a tair margin will have to be made between fiuroolydon and the rest of the field. The handicap lasb year tfas started at 9st 71b, but as Euroclydon carried 9st Sib into second position, and subsequently 9st 121b to victory in the Otago Cup one would be inclined to think that somewhere }n the vicinity of IQst will be his m*rk. A» that horse is engaged in the Melb*uriie Oup, there is at present some doubt as to which race he will compete in. The Press gives currency to the report that Eurpclydon will be sent to Australia. Jf this be Irue the New Zea land Oup will be robbed of a good deal of interest. From this it would appear that the owner of the horse are awaiting to Bee which handicap they are better served by, but as the field for the New Zealand Cup does not appear te be a particularly strong one, the horse may be a osntes&nt io that race after all. The Hon. JY D. Ormond figures in the list with 5 entrants, and it would seem that that sportanan intends to make a bold bid f<>r honors. Auckland has sent forth 9 nominations, Jo* toe bulk 'of those engaged are to be i^A hailing; from Hawked Bay. All thatjetaains ii for Mr Senry to adjust a goo* handicap, and the New Zealand Cup of 11*7 will fiot b« lwking fa nftofft from Ai ifto§ frtfwoity,

CABLE NEWS.

Home and Foreign.

Association—By Electric Telegraph— Copyright.

Birth of a Princess. * St. Petersburg, June 10. The Ozarina has given birth to a daughter. Madagascar. Paris, June 10 Reports have been received from Madagascar that native rebels have murdered two French priests, who were travelling in the interior of the Island,

Australian.

Island News. SronßY, Jane 11 Earthquake shocks are reported from Tonga in the end of April, followed on May 12 by two loud reports resembling the discharge of heavy guns, while large volumes of black muddy water and stones were thrown up at intervals of a few minutes from the sea to a [ heighto! ten to thirty feet, accompanied by sheets of white vapour. The scene of the disturbance, which is still in active operation (May 29) is in ths vicinity of Tevella Island, towards the western extremity of Laska. The tea is discoloured for miles, Fatal Iflning Accident. M»lbourn», June 11. Two brothers named Brown wert crushed to death by a fall of earth in a mine at Woolshed Flat.

THE PREMIERS IN LONDON.

Press Association — By Electric Telegraph Copyright.

London, June 10

In the course of an interview Sir George Turner said he did not con side? the question of freetrade and protection would be made an argent one at the next general election in Victoria. The colony had gone as far as it was likely to go. The freetraders would try and force the subject of free trade, but be did not expect it would meet with general support, as public interest in the question was decidedly lessening. As the result of a consultation with Sir A. Clarke, Sir George Turner has decided to remove the entire Victorian Agency-General from the Victoria Chambers at Westminster to prominent premises in the city. It is intended < to extend the scope of the Agency by exhibiting products and pushing the interests of the colony generally. Mr Kingston ib obtaining data for the guidance ofc the South Australian Cabinet in regard to the construction of a transcontinental railway to Port [ Darwin. Sir John Forrest and Mr Kingston are the guests of the Mayor of Leeds, Sir James Kitson, Bart., M.P. June 11. Accompanied by the Mayor Mr Kingston and Sir John Forrest in spected the manufacturing industries of Leeds. They were subsequently entertained at a banquet, at which Mr Kingston expressed amazement at the. ■ extent and variety of the industrial of England. Sir John Forrest, who alw spoke, contrasted the sparseness of the population of Western Australian with the density of that of Leeds. He mentioned that during six years Western Australia had spent five millions in British manufactures. Both speeches were greeted with much ap plause. The Premiers of the other colonies were not able to visit Leeds. Sir George Turner, in the course of an interview with a representative of the St Jamea' Gazette, said Australia was anxious for the best possible agreement with Great Britain with regard to improved communications, matters of defence, and closer trade relations. At a banquet at Leeds, Mr Kingston said the colonists were capable of a strong and faithful adherence to all that conoerned the integrity and de fence of the British Umpire. Sit John Forrest said the West Australian Go vernment would welcome immigrants, give them grants of 150 acres of land for nothing, and assist the occupiers in improving their holdings.

THE WAR IN THE EAST.

Press Association—By Electric Telegraph— Copyright. London, June 11 Advices from Constantinople state that Turkey is now disposed to accept Thessalian territory north of the river Peneus, an indemnity of four millions, and the correction of the wont abuwi of the capitulations in settlement of her claims upon Greece. It is sus pected that Germany is encouraging the Sultan in his demands.

THE DIAMOND JUBILEE.

Frew Association <m By Rleotrio Telegraph Copyright. Received Wftk&puftka, Jun» 11, 6 p.m. Mail Office 7.50 p.m. London, June 10 The Queen, through Mr Chamber lain, has wired her sincere sympathy to Sir J.. bhenton upon the death of his wife. The Fope has sent a letter to the Queen congratulating her upon her Jubilee, and enclosing a richly jewelled gold casket as a present. The New Zealand contingent of fifty-four riflemen arrived at Plymouth by the Ruahine to day. Mr Whitelaw Reid, the United States Jubilee envoy, has reached London, "' Ferdinand^ King of Bulgaria, attends the Jubilee. During their stay in Paris, while visiting the Continent, Mr Nelson, Premier, and Mr Byrne, Attorney- General of Queensland, visited M. Hanotaux. Melbourne, June *11 A cable message has been de spatched to the Committee of the London Slums Jubilee Dinners asking it to take delivery of 10,000 carcases of mutton and 400 quarters of beef from the s.s. Gulf of SjaW which has just arrived in London. jb this have to be added the Townsville and Brig. b'»ne donations, which are equal t$ &QQQ c*rca*es pf i«u>tyifc

THE ABHBORTOft GtJAKDIAN : SAttJRDAY, rfUNE 12, 1897.



Business Notices, -TTT7 E ARE NOW OFFERING THE FOLLOWING SPECIAL LINES, BOUGHT AT A BIG DISCOUNT, BEING A WAREHOUSEMAN'S C LEAF ING LINibS. & Large Line of DRESS GOODS, including Tweeds, Meltons, and Serges to be cleared at 6* lid, Dress length or a Costume made complete lor 20s, , 5 pieces Striped Flannelette Skirting to be cleared at la 3d, skirt length. 6 boxes VelvetoeßS in Brown-greuat, Myrtle, and Navy, Xo be cleared at Is 4|d per yurd. A large line Ladies' Holland and Fancy Aprons, all at Is each, Children's Muslin Pinafores at Is each. A line Ladies' Black Straw Hats at 6d each. ASHBURTON I)RAPERY COY. JOHN TAYLOR (LATE MANAGER FOR MESSRS REID AND GRAY) T->EGS TO ANNOUNCE TO THE FARMERS OF ASHBURTON COUNTY, B that he ta opeaed Premises ia West Street, Ashburton, adjoining Messrs ¥ Zdw qmd Caachbuilders, where he intends carrying on busiaesa as AGENT FOR TWF SUPPLY OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, made by the undermentioned firms Having acquired a large experience from his earliest days in the manufacture o AarloSturlrimplements in some of the leading shops at Home as well as in the Colony he U ma position to know the most approved implements of the day both for the cultivation of the soil and for handling its produce. t a„ f« nrn v\Ap this suddlv he has obtained the appointment of AGENT FOR MESSRS bSoTB^ MACDOnSd AND COMPANY, CARLYLE WORKS, rHRIJrCHUROH whose Ploughs, Disc Harrows, Cultivators, Windmills Rollers, wS Pressedi Straw Balm« Presaw etc., ere, are now well-known throughout the A«tlstarSol2£i fw .heiV superiority m every respect. He intends keeping a good fuppfy of the above machinery and implements, v well as extras, ao as to be able to «upply with promptneaß the needs of his customers. xr v i u»« a r,nmnf ß d AGENT FOR MESSRS ANDREWS AND BEAVKN, as extras for all wealing parts. tt v i =„ annnin^A AGRNT FOR MR A. H. ANDERSON'S AVELING * MjwS'TRACTION ENGINES AND MACHINERY, and is authorised to SS q^taS^Jd^^ boSe- on his b»b»if for the sale and repairing of Engines, etc., etc. The advertiser trusts that by constant attention to business, and $o the wants of the pubTo, and with reasonable charges, he will merit a share of public patronage. WEST STREET, ASHBURTON. 6 23 ——^■—.—————— w^mm —



EX S.S. MATATUA. «7B HAVE MUCH PLEASURE IN ANNOUNCING TBE W ARRIVAL OF OUR MIDWINTER SHIPMENTS, Six Cases being just to hand from the above steamor. THE SHIPMENT COMPRISES— ONE CASE Ladies' Black Cashmere HOSE, very heavy makes, NE CASE la 4d, Is 6d, U 10d ONE OASE Ladies' Black and Tan KID GLOVES, bought at a VV fIASE larw discount. Children's Tans—4 Button, Tans, 2s *JJ. U&»^ DameSj Tang} 2a ud . 4 Domeg> Black> 2i lid TWO CASKS IRISH LTNRN GOODS, straight from the Lisburn WO OASES Mills. Some beautiful embroidered PILLOW WO UAbM* s^AMg N D BAGgj HANDKERCHIEFS, &c Among these goods now on view in our windows r\NE OASF. FLANELLBTTESand MOLLETONS. Specialises V/NE OASE in white and creme ONE CASE Ladies' and Children's BOOTS and SHOES, specially NE CASE made for us by our Leicester Manufacturer THREE OASE&Passage LINOLEUMS to open shortly. New designs; all widths. MITCHELL & TURNER.



-OOR FIRST-CLASS BICYOLBS? At lowest prices; "OOR THE BIST & CHEAPEST TYRES IN CANTERBURY; TjiOß GUARANTEED REPAIRS At lowest charges, GO TO THE ECLIPSE CYCLE WORKS, BARING SQUARE, ABhburtoa. EIDE THE" ECLIPSE HUMBER. The Best Wearing and Lightest Running Machine in Australasia. 50 Per Cenb longer Guarantee than other makes. A A CARSON, G. H. CARSON, \t£em™nwr_ Works manager. SOLE AGENTS io Aahburton for the Royal Enfield—the English Championship machine. ___ , ASHBURTON POULTRY, PIGEON, AND CANARY SOCIETY. THE ANNUAL EXHIBITION WlLfc BE HELD IN THE ODDFiSLLQWS' HALL Oil FRIDAY & SATURDAY, JULY 2 & 3, 1897. By petniaiion of the Colonial Secretary, A GRAND ART UNION WiH be held in eostnection with the Show. Tickets la each, with Admittance to Show. To be obtained of the Secretary. EDWARD STEPHENS, Hon. Sec. Art Union, or 15. A. ROBOTTOM, § US ttfltt- $»»» Poultry Swwty,



1 THE NEW ZEALAND Clothing Factory. SPECIAL LINES. MIN'S WATERPROOF GOATS, Newest Patterns, all Sewn Seama, 29«s 6d, 32a 6d, 35i, 39a 6d. MKN'3 ALL WOOL TWEED OVER COATS, 255, 32a 6d, w 455. YOUIHS' ALL WOOL TWEED OVER COATS, 19a 6J, 255, to 355. BOYS' Do. 8s 6d, 10s 6d, to 21s. BOYS' NAVY SBRGB SAILOR SUITS. Fit Boy two years, from 10a 6d Fit Boy four years, from 11s Fit Boy six years, fropi 12s Fit Boy eight years, from 15* Fit Boy ten years, from 14a With extra collar, flannel front, cord and whiatle. BOY 6' ALL WOOL TWEED GUARD ' SUITS. Fife Boy four years, from 9^ 6d Fit Boy six years, from 109 6d Fib Boy eighc years, from 11s 6d Fit Boy ten years, from 12a 6d Parents wanting good strong wearing Swiw for the Boys would do well to ioßpeot our large stock. . Boys' Blue Serge Tarn Caps from Is to 53 y i Boys' Serge O»ps from f)d to la 9d See our All Wool Tweed, for B.oye' school wear, at Is lid per yard. ! We carry a large stock of British & Colonial BOOTS AND SHOES. Inspection Invited, HALLENSTEIK BROS. & CO. A. G. BAWTON, Manager.* WANTED Known, lospect FH2TCHKR Bros' stow of Crockery, etc., suit able for presents before going elsewhere. It will pay you.— FlbxjG-heb BROS.,<?aBh supply Stores. A CUORDEONS, Accordeona, Accor- J\_ deons. Special low prices and large selwtioa a& H. N. A»9msw% K»b6 oweet.



Church Services. ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH Ashburton. TRINITY SUNDAY SERVICES. 11a.m.—Morning Prayer and Holy Com munion. 6.30 p.m.—Evening Prayer. REV. T. A. HAMILTON.



Fou have ruined your consti-utiofl sufficiently by diking inferior teas, recruit by drinking only KOZIE Tha, it w pure aud reliftbl9.-Job» Orr & Co., Bole Agfiuv.



The weather prophets predict that the long j fine dry epety w%h we have had will be 1 followed by a very wsb and severe winter. The one thing needful for protection agains the elements ofsuph a winter is a really good reliable waterproof coat or clpak. We are assured that Messrs Craighead and Berryman hare become famous for their well known brand of winter clothing, which has hitherto given such satisfaction, and in anticipation of a still larger sale for these goods, this season they are now showing probably J,he largest stock of waterproof tweed, serge, anfl melton overcoats ever exhibited in Ashburton. They are also supplying ladies' ' and gentlemen's water- ■ prftof ploaks and coats to measure at ready made I prices, JjEyery garment guaranteed thoroughly waterproof. (Three months ferial, if defective money tejburned}. 4a wool finings—keepipg' Jbbe wearers always warm and dry—sewn throughput with strong silk, ventilated and every imprQ?C>



Holloway's Pills and Ointment are remedies which should invariably be taken by travellers in search of health, pleasure, or business. Many deleterious influences are constantly at work in foreign climes, tend ing to deteriorate the health $ these and the altered conditions of life will entail on those who travel the necessity of carefully attend ing to early symptoms of disease, and they will find the use of these remedies to be highly necessary, the action of the Pills beiDg purifying and strengthening and of great service in cases of fever, ague, and all inflammatory diseases, whilst the Ointment is a sovereign cure in cases of piles, bad legs, bad breasts, wounds and ulcers, Boilow'ay'a remedies t^o not deteriorate by I change of climate, ■> • ■ ■' ; < from the Tea Plant to the Tea Cup, unadulterated and pure. This is Kozijs Tba. ,John Orr & Co., agents., frapmf ami Jnvi?srati*f~N(W Vim