The Ashburton Guardian. Magna est Veritas et Prævalebit. THURSDAY, AUGUST 27, 1896 POLAR EXPLORATION.

'J he attempt of Dr Nansen to reach the Horth Pole, though a failure, has been watched with great interest by many thousands of scientific men who are quite enthusiastic in their encour agement of this kind of geographical research, and. passionate in their desire to have the ruystery penetrated that surrounds the as yet unreached and virgin pole. The same interest and enthusiasm, though not perhaps in the s-me degree of intensity, centre on the exploration of the South Pole, and Dr Nansen is reported to be about to change the scene of his researches fiora north to south Polar latitudes. To dare the dangers and difficulties and hardships that are attendant on any attempt to reach the mysterious spot we call the North Pole, requires far more intrepidity than is possessed by most men, and many victims to the rigors of the terrible climate of the in hospitable northern region have been recorded in vain endeavors to solve the

great mystery! of the extreme northerly point of the earth. Since the fatal expedition of Sir John Franklin, whose fate and that of his confreres was put beyond question by an equally intrepid search expedition, headed by Sir Leopold McOlintock, the expense of which was borne by Lady Franklin , interest in Polar exploration has not? flagged, but has rather increased* and to-diy we have six or seven expedi tions, all charging themselves with the duty of finding out, if they can* all that is worth finding out about the North Pole. But it is with Dr Nansen's expedition we have more particularly to deal just now. No expedition to the Polar regions has ever been under taken under better auspices tnan was that of Dr Nansen t His preparations were made almost regardless of cost, and bringing the data to bis aid that had been collected by the experience of previous explorers, those preparations were as complete as it was possible for present day science to make them. That the expedition resulted in failure in spite of all these is to be regretted ; bat the failure will not for a single moment retard the work of exploration now going on, nor damp the ardor either of those engaged in it, or of those who support and encourage it. With his vessel the Fram, or Onward, thedaringexplorerlefta Norwegian port three years ago on his mission. His vessel was specially constructed with a view to escase being crushed by ice packs, and generally she was fitted up with everything that was calculated to help towards success. His idea was somewhat different from explorers who had gone before him, an idea that does not receive the most whole-hearted encouragement in the world of geogra phical science. It was that by getting into a current at a point where he calculated such a current existed, his vessel, if embeddsd in the ice, and allowed to drift at the will of the current, would be carried to the Pole, or to such locality as the Pole could by other means be reached from. The result shows that, though he failed to realise his idea, it was far from being impracticable. He contemplated meet ing this current on the New Siberian Islands, off the coast of Siberia, and at the furthermost side of the Polar circle from Greenland, and bis hope was that he would be drifted homewards across the circle to the Pole. The islands are somewhat beyond the mouth of the Lena river, but he appears not to have reached them, but to have made the Olenek , river, in Siberia, the point from which he started in search of the current. ■ This river empties itself into the sea somewhat westward of the Lena. In June, 1893, he started, and in September of' the same year he began to carry out his idea of drifting across the ocean towards the Pole. Soon he became icebound, and he spent eighteen months on the ice in his vessel. At last he made his effort, and with dogs and sledges essayed what he looked jjpon as the remainder of a journey that was to be crowned with success. He reached a point 220 miles from the Pole, and so -made the rpcord approach to it— 26o miles nearer than has been reached by any previous ex pedition. His dogs gave out, otherwise he might have been able to triumph antly say that he had reached the spot which has been so much the desire of explorers. After he left ->his vessel, neither land nor sea was to be seen, and the eye saw nought from horigon to horizon but an endless and dreary waste of frozen hummocks, This wilderness of ice had never before been trod by foot of man, but the brave explorer and his companions pressed on. Their food gave out, and they had to subsist on the flesh of such bears as fell to their rifles, and, reduced to the direst straits for food, had to kill the last of their dogs to satisfy their hunger. Ultimately they reached Franz Joseph Land, and thence made Spitzbergen, and finally by sea reached Vardo, in the north of Lapland. IVfeariwhile how fared the Fram, left wVged in the fee far back in the unknown ooean?' Dr Nansen knqw that she was safe if she could hold together till the ice broke up, and his belief was realised, for a ; few days ago she quietly sailed into Trom&o, in Norway, and our cablegrams have jreijorde'd liow joyfully she was received. She, however; brings? nothing to add to what is already known of the progress of polar exploration. But; to Dr Nansen belongs not all the Ipudas o,f the measure of success he has obtained. As already stated there are several other expeditions f prospecting ' for the pole, and but for the relief he received from some of these, the daring explorer I might have left his bones to whiten on polar ice. It was from the Jackson- Harmsworth camp that he obtained his first aid. That expedition has made |ts base at Franz Joseph Land, and has builjb a permanent house, which js j regularly and a'unV 'y euppUed with, stores by sea. From that point branches ar§ pushed out and depots j dotted down ajb thirty-mile injiervalsj : the line of communication being cpn : ! atantly kept up, It is by the steady ' advance of these depots, and the constant watch maintained aqd care exeroised for their security, that Mr Jaokson fanes to secure his aim, and

he and his companions fe» 1 perfectly sure of ultimate success. But success or non-success, no one can withhold from Nansen and his men the large credit for intrepidity they deserve. Those terrible three years on the ice, in a climate in which for half the year "thick darkness broodeth o'er the det p ." and no good angel comes with tlv glad evangel " Let there be light ;? only an intrepid explorer would dare. Nansen erected windarilh, and w.th the power they supplied ran an electric light to illumine the almost Egyptian darkness of the polar night in-day and day in-night, but a region that is in unchanging night for half a jear is not an enviable place to live in. And that fearful cold, too, so dreadful in its intensity that the dogs sometimes become frozen unthawable blocks ! Truly, the men who face such condi tions in the interests of science, must be heroic indeed in their enthusiasm.

We are taught to " pray for the peace of Jerusalum," and that Heaven may I "scattertfaeOouncils results of the of those who delight chin A- japan war. in. war," and we / sigh for that halcyon time when " the wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the bullock, and dust shall be the serpent's meat ; they shall not hurt nor destroy in all L ;My- holy mountain." One does not therefore expect to be told that war is a blessing in disguise. But Bishop Hendrix, in an articje on Japan in a Home journal points out that the Japanese war has not been altogether without its blessings. He Bays the late war did much to increase the! influence of the Christian J apanese population. It had been a question freely discussed, whether or ndt Christianity denational ized its believers. In the eveit of war would the Japanese Christian prove loyal to the Mikado, or to some foreign nations whence had come the teachers of the new religion 1 So grave had been the fears on this point that the old proclamations, threatened with death any who should teach the Christian religion, continued to be posted throughout the Empire long after they had ceased to be enforced. Even after their removal part of the reaction against foreigners was largely due to the fear that Japanese Christians might prove aliens. When it was dis covered that none made better officers or soldier than the followers of Christ, a reaction took place in favour of Christianity As the brave troops embarked for the seat of war they were greeted with banners bearing the legend, < From the Christians of Hiro shima/ When they saw this expression of patriotism the soldiers broke their silence to cry, ' Long live Christians !" Bible distribution was permitted among the soldiers and 'marines, and among the sick and the capjbives of war. At one time the soldiers of the Imperial Guards were refused the possession of a Bible, and if one were found among their belongings they were severely censured ; but, later, the Chief of Staff expressed for himself and the Prince commanding, who ranks next in com mand to tho lfimperor himself, the great pleasure given by the presenting a number of Bibles to the Imperial Guards. The sailors on the warships were freely allowed to receive ' copies of the Scriptures, and many have be come earnest students of Christianity. Christian chaplains were made welcome in the army, and religious work was permitted among the soldiers, whether iu the barracks or the hospital.

The dog poisoner is again in evidence in and around Ashburton, At the Tinwald Saleyards the dog . on Tuesday, Mr B. poisoner. Friedlander drew attention to the fact that a sheep-driver had had two valu able collie dogs poisoned that morning. He further stated that within the past week nine sheep dogs had been poisoned in the Tinwald district. In some parts ,of the Borough also, poison has been laid, and cats as well as dogs have fallen victims. This poisoning business appears to be a sort of mania, since no sane person could indulge in such a senseless practice. The Police Offences Act provides fair a pretty heavy penalty on an offender in this direction, but unfortunately those who go in for laying poison about are usually too cunning' to be caught. It is a remarkable fact jihat the dog poisoner is as artful and sly as, the fiend who destroys human life by the same process. In fact, the perspn who lays poison for a dog, without publicly notifying his intention to do so, should be carefully watched by his ac- j quajntancea lest peradventure, some fane day, he should be inclined to get rid of them by the same process,. If the temptation should arise and the bpportunitf present itself — well, we should not care to be one of bis acquaintances. ~

LOCAL AND GENERAL.

Commercial news on fourth page. In a football match at Wanganui, Hig gins, a Nelson player, bib his tongue right through, and had to ,retire. It is reported that one of the classical beauties of Melbourne is aboub to institute proceedings for a divorce. A Melbourne lady who ha§ been teach ing If ench for a livelihood has been left £90J00O worth of property in Mauritius. During J uly 66,714 tons of coal were shipped from Wbllongong, an increase of 22,000 compared with July last. year. From a return prepared by the Minister for Works ib would appear that 706 acres of land have t?een reclaimed in? Sydney harbour.' 1 ' ' : The criminal calendar for the Dunedin Supreme Court comprises fourteen cases, against thirteen prisoners, including the Pomahaka murder; A father, who, with his son, was committed for trial at Broken Hill on a charge of robbery, stated that he had to steal to keep his children in food. A London magistrate soundly lectured the police for bringing before him as criminals two tiny sis* era, aged one and live who had been arrested for sleeping in the open air, their parents having deserted th8 «J> A Bunedin -resident complains that he has been subscribing to support & fr^g 6Qup kjUchen, and \now discovers that there were very few poor customers. for free soup, a large proportion being § >ld anjj carried in billies to the Jiofljea j f the residents in the neighbourhood, I who were thereby 6ft ved the prbpesg of cooking, V *..'.. ' From the Tea Plant to the Tea Cup una?aU*':'?4«4 %*ti f»r«s— 4W« ii Ko2« Tea ; <

The other day Alderman A W. Ware, of Adelaide, was robbed at Cauofield (Vio : oria) racecourse of a pockethook contain ing a letter of credit for £200.

A dealer named Samuel Rosenwax has eported to the police at Melbourne the ! 088 of £150, which he states was removed from benench his pillow when he was asleep. ""■■■

Mr J. W. Sawle has given notice to move at the next meeting of the Board of i ducation, 'That all certificated teachers be allowed to inflict corporal punishment in their classes.'

The amount of dividends paid by the Tasmania n mining companies during the 6rst seven months of the year, was £83.520, an increase of £20 520 over the corresponding period of last year. >

The longest single telegraph wire span in the world is that across .the River Eistnah, between B.zorah and Sectann azon, Tndia. Stretched from one moun tain to another, the wire is more than 6000ft in length.

Daring the alteta'ions at Trevor Hall, Ll&ngollen. the workmen found in the roof 160 £5 bank notes nnd a bank-book cntamirg deposits amounting to £1200. The notea had apparently lain there for 72 years. -?"

Land was sold last month (opposite the Bank of England at a price which showed a rate of nearly two and a half millions sterling per acre. Yet a few miles off, in Essex, £200 an acre would be jumped at in some places. ,: ' .: .

A number of natives in the Danevirke district having stated that^they wish to dispose of their lands to .the Government, the L- nd Purchase Department was com municated with, and two of its officers are now negotiating with the natives.

En'ightened New South Wales up to date i Professor Friemann, clair voyant,' has been remanded at Tamworth Police Courb o nacharge witchcraft. After opposition from the prosecution, bail was granted— £loo and two sureties of £50 each. ' . ■■-"■ .

.At the meeting^ of the Uhristchuroh Hospital Board yesterday the Committee Appointed to enquire and- report as to measures necessary for securing greater economy in administration, the mover said .that half the Board's expenditure of £10,000 went in salaries and wages, there being 74 officials to look after 120 patients.

The Rev L. M. Isitt advised the Nelson farmers to grow wheat instead of barley, but a Nelson paper retorts that anyone with the slightest pretension to even a superficial knowledge of agricultural mat ters knows very- well that the greater portion of the land devoted to barley in that district will not grow wheat. Z

Pev. Albert Ager gives his leoture entertainment *To London and back ' in the Oddfellows' Hall to-night. The lecture will be beautiful ; y illustrated by limelight views of London in i's various aspects, high and low life injihe great city, the palaces, the guards v and men-at-arms, markets, museum*, and prisons. Many incidents of historical interest will be pictured, and a voyaye on the Thames willbe ilustrated, 48 well as many of the thousand and one things of interest with which the great city teems.

The Napier Telegraph thus refers to the Juvenile Depravity Bill : — With a law in force such as Mr Seddon suggests, which wonld empower a policeman to atop any woman be found in the street after ten o'clock at night, at.d to question her as to her age and the business she had in being oat, would it net be exposing society altogether too much to the naeioy of the Kit-by class J There ars many good men in the police. Tnese would recoil with shame from the task of chivvying young women about the street. But there are a few shocking rascals in the police. 1 hese would rejoice aba law which gave them power to insult respectable faoaalea and to blackmail those not respectable.

The plan of Westminster Abbey, which Mr Hurat Seager has prepared and issued with the attractive synopsis of his lecture ii of greai interest. It not only shows the general form of this famous building, but also its gradual growth from the tenth to the sixteenth century. It also shows the resting places of England's great ones, from King Sebert and Edward the Con* fessor down to the present time, and the date of their deaths Most of our readers will doubtless avail themselves of the opportunity thus afforded of gaining a knowledge of this " butial place of kings and kinglike men v " which will enable them to appreciate to the full the beauti ful limelight views of -the different parts of the Abbey and its monuments, and Mr Hurst Seager's .lecture, which is said to be most interesting and graphic.

An awful struggle for life with a lion occurred at Pezm's menagerie, exhibiting at Nenilly fair, France, on the sth July. In the course of the performance youug M. . Pezon 'puts the animal through a number of tricks, one of the chief of which is for the tamer to put his head In the mouth of the lion. On this occasion, before M, Peison had quite withdrawn bis head the lion inadvertently closed his teeth, with the result that the tamer's cheek was almost, torn off. ' Infuriated by the sight , of blood, the ■ lion attacked the man, who fought desperately for l|fe« The struggle was only terminated by the entrance of M Pezon, senior, \pith a red; hot crowbar, with which he drove the lion into another cage. In addition to the injuy to the face, the*Bonlost a finger and received a wound In the leg.—Dalziel,

The entertainment given by the Barrle Marschell Company lasb nighb in the Oddfellows' Hall was but poorly attended, somewhere about a hundred or more being present— mostly in the back seats. This may be accounted for in the first instance by the short notwe given by the company of their appearance, and in the second by the bad weather, the night having been bitterly cold. The programme comprised a little comedy in which Mr Marschell took theparbpf a young Dutch farmer, and Mrs Marsohell that of the very pretty sweetheart), and between them supplied considerable entertainment Mr Marechell'a ♦ Dutch-English' being exceptionally good and his acting excellent. A comic song or two by a third member of the company whose name in the absenoe of programmes was nob discoverable, and 'Bhamus O-'Brien ' well recited by Mr MaraphSll, filled in the second part 1 ; The afterpiec'e k Crammond JJrig | was the finU Item; 'and all four members of the cdmpany took part in it. The * Jock Howleson 'of Mr Marschell was remarkably good; and gave him a third opportunity of displaying his versatility in dialeots. Bis Scotch for pne not to the manner born was' un> Commonly good, §ild h^ bouoeptW'of tlve rugged Spotoh character was not by any means far-fetched./ Mrs Marsohell was the king in disguise and did her work well, and looked a most bewitching monarch. The oompany will appear again on Satur day.

Holloway'a Pills. Teaching of Experience* —The united testimony of thousands, extend ing over forty years, mast strongly reoom. mend these pills as the best purifier?, the mildGßt aperients, and the Barest restoratives. They never prove delusive, or give merely temporary relief but' attack all ailments of the stomaob, long?, heart and bowels in (ha only Bafe and legitimate way, by depurating the blood, and eo eradicating those impuritietf whioh are the 'Bouroe" and ooastifitents o< almost every disease. Their iaedjoinal effioaoy is wonderful in renovating enfeebled cqnstitnti^np. Their action embraces all that i i desirable in a household medicine. . T4iey. ejfpel' e,ve*y np^iouß and effete matter, and the strength \a matured ffas top "energie§ stimulated,.

Have yon tried Koaiß Tea ? H «ro d.OOI at oßce rit h deUoiouj - *

THE ASti_UB_ON GtJARfc-iAN : r MtJESi)Ai, AUGUST 27, 1806.



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Public Notices. uiiui: LOOKOUT! SPRING AND SUMMER. Tub BLUE HOUSE! 4 FTER Carefully Studying thi> adaptability of Asbbiu'ton for a Strictly Cash Drapery, Millinery, and Clothing busi- ness, HAVE rEOIDED TO GO RIGHT INTO IT, and having made Satisfactory arrangements to lease, in con- nection with the present '■'.Blue Houae/ those Commodious Premises Next Door to J. ORR & CO., will be enabled to Keep, the Stock necessary for carrying on a JJarge Business ; by giving The Rest Value TN THE TRADE ON; STRICTLY CASH j PRINCIPLES ONLY. Spring, Spring. Spring Goods, OPENING DAILY. THE BEST VALUE IN THE TRADE. , v l<ook Out! liOOk Out ! Look Out! For Startling Values ii" Future Issues, .: Come Now and Inspect the New Goods, AT THE 'Blue House,' Between JOHN ORR & CO. and the CIOTHTNG FACTORY. EVERYTHING NEW, EVERYTHING CHEAP, FOR CASH ONLY ■ . .'■■'■■. -■ ■ .".'■; ■. - 1



FLETCHER BROS.. - E A T STREET. ; Sole Agents in Ashburtou and Obristchurc for Nim6o & Blair' Standard Seeds. ' rBLW»HON*;24^ / BOX 67 / ' XJarden Tools. LAWN MOWERS, SPADES, SHOVELS, IORKS, DUTCH AND DRAW HOES, TROWELS, BEDGE SHEARS, PRUNING KNIVES, GORSE KNIVES, By Best Makers at Lowest Prices AT John Orr & Go.'s ■ '■' ■■:■■■• - . ' , .. ' ' ' ; " ; ASHBXTRTON. j



Business Notices *»_ 1- ■ - ■ ■ 1 1 .. — . ' —i. 1 1 ■ 1* 1 THE CHEAPEST HODSE 1 1ST CANTERBURY. G. J. NEILL DRAPERY, CLOTHING, AND BOOTS. ('IORSErS 2d 6d, CORSETS Us 9i, New Dress Goods Reduced 60 per cent J , ■ : ■ •• New Velveteens Reduoed, All Wool Flannel (Colonial) 9£i Flannelettes 3a. 6d doz Silesia 3s 31 doz Blankets aboat half-price Double-bed White Twill Sheeting 9jd Double-bed Unblc.aohrd Twill Sboetirg, 9£d Large White and Brown Turkish Towela, reduced from Is 6d to Is OLOTHI NG. Men s All Wool Tweed Suits 2K Men's Tweed Trousers 5s lld Men's Overcoats, Macintoshes, Oilskin C^ate, and; Leggins, reduced 50 per oenl Boys' and Youthb' Suits half -price. ' ; Men's Caps, Boys' Caps, Braces and Shirts, at Ridiculous Pnees Men's Woolldn Socks, 7&d pair BOOT! ~ " BOOTS. We Defy Competition. - Every pair Guaranteed to wear ; • Every Pair Made to Our Order . "> .Men's Nailed Rhbbters 7s lid ; Men's Lfeht Shooters 85 6d Men's Watertight Bluchers, pegged, 7s lid 1 Women's Strong Leather Shoes 4a lid "" ,J ..•= ?■ A Large Assortment of Ladles' Best French Glace Kid Boots and Gloves to choose from, . . ■ ■ • ,\ ."-.-' -3 ■•■■ i' " ■ <■ •- ■ . J. MKIIjIj, Friedlander's Comer, East Street. ■ " ■■■- ■ ' ■ -"'■'• t '■'■ GET YOUR Seed Potatoes Seed Potatoes * FROM ■ . *'■ FLETCHER BEOS. A CHANGE of Seed Always Pays, as a Better and Heavier Crop is pro- duced. Our Potatoes are all specially raised for seed/ purposes from selected stocks in the very best potato producing districts. We would advise <j orders to be sent to us as early as possible, in order that they may be filled from ' Oar own stocks, which occasionally become exhausted before the end of the season. •. 4 BEAUTY OF HEBRON,' ' This variety is Very Early, coming to the table before either Early Rose or Asbleaf Kidney, and is far superior both in quality and productiveness. , • QUEEN OF THE VALLEY.' A very heavy cropper and early potato. The tubers are handsome and solid (capital variety for exhibition), boiling as white as milk as , dry as flour, and is also a fine keeper. THE « BRUCE.' This Potato, the potato of the future, is remarkable for its productiveness and its resistance of droughts and frosts, they have yielded at the rate of 17 tons per acre, haying very few small, and is a firsb-olass eating potato. ASHLEAF, 'MYATT'S EARLY PROLIFIC/ '■..■■•." ■ ,t- '"'~ n - An excellent and Well-known variety ; valuable for sheltered borders and ■ very early use. NEW POTATO— ( RICHARD SEDDON.' This fine new Potato, selected from a number of eeedings four years ago, foas been sent out to us from England by. the raiser with a very high report of its qualities. Its habit of growth is dwarf, and rather compact, the haulm not exceeding 12 inches in height, with rich green smooth leaves. The tubers are fairly large, of an oval shape, and somewhat distir c f , with few eyea near the surface ; flesh close in grain, and when cooked, of a dry and mealy nature, with a flavour tqual to l he finest of Potatoes grown. Being early and a heavy cropper it is fitted for an early market potato, and from general reports from the raiser we may class it with the best of all varieties now grown. 'AMERICAN ALPHAS.' -' " " ; An excellent early variety, most prolific, and of excellent flavor. ■ ' ' LAPSTONE KIDNEY.' A well-known Kidney variety, excellent for winter use, good quality. ; •BATH KIDNEY.' A well-known and approved variety of good quality. 'DERWENT&' r "I We have some Spiendid samples from Orari and North Canterbury. i 'CLOVER SEBDS.' White or Dutch (Trefolium repens), Red (Trefolium pratense), Crimson (Trifolium inearnation). . , . , ■ < MANGEL WURZEIL.' ■ The greatest possible care is taken in growing all onr Mangel Seeds. Grown from selected roots they cannot fail to give the greatest satisfaction, and may be relied on for producing the greatest weight possible per acre under rich and liberal cultivation. Mammoth Long Red r , Golden Tankard, Champion Orange Globe, Etc,