Bees and Clever

By W W Smith

Oliver Goldsmith, the autlor of the " History of Animated Nature," dfrounced the study of insects 130 years neo as "specious idleness." When Gnldai. ith imwitting'y cast this asprersion m entom ology, there'ations of flowers and insects Trere being sileoiy and scientifically studied by Ghristian Conrad Sprengel, an illustrious fie'd bio'oj.istwhose vakable w rk " The Secret of Nature in the Form and Fertilisation of Flowers Discovered '■— published in 1793—has earned for him>elf an immortal place in the scientific literature of the Fatherland. Although curious work remained in abtjarc for half a century, it ultimately triumphed and g»ve a great impetus (o the study of the relations of flowers and insects. The origin and innumerable modifications in the colors and mechanisms of flowers have been traced by botanists since Sprengel% time to the direct agency of insects. In no department of nature is the law of natural selection more

clearly demonstrated than in the adaptive relations of many species of plants and insects. The adaptive modifications of seme species of plants, and their dtpendei cc on humble and honey bees are well illustrated in the structure and mode of fertilisation of red and white clover. Although there are many varieties of clovers grown, ihe red clover {Trifoliwti pratinse) and white clover Tnfolium repens), are of greatest economic j value as green and dry fodder and in ensilage. In Europe red clover is cross fertilised by numerous species of humble bees, while white clovei is wguiarly fertilised by honey bees. Bees are highly specialised msectß and are specially adapted for fertilising clovers. Considerable mis apprehension exists as to their cross fertilisation by bees.and the part they play in the plant's economy! Few plants ex hibit more perfect design in Nature than do the flowers of clovers and their mode of fertilisation. In their structure thej possess certain arrangements foi the ex clusion of short-lipped insects which prevents the abundant honey from being robbed by insects useless in the fertilisation of flowers. Darwin refers to the adaptations by which insects are " forced unconsciously on their part to carry pollen from the stamens of one plant to the stigma of another." This is the modus operandi of natural cross-fertilisation by insects. Pro fessor Hermann Muller clearly states the value of the cross-fertilisation of entomophilus flowers in the following terms—"lnsects in cross-fertilising flowers endow them which, in the struggle forfexistence, vanquish those individuals of the same species which are the offspring of self-fertilisation. The insects must therefore operate by selection ir the same way as do uuscientific culti vators among men, who preserve the most pleasing or useful speciments and reject or neglect the others. ' These remarks are specially applicable to clovers and other papilionaceous flowers dependent on bees for their cross-fertilisation.

}f we now consider that twenty species of humble-bees visit the flowers of red cover in Europe possessing probocides ranging from 10 to 21 millimetres long, no further surprise will be felt at the barrenness of the plants in New Zealand previous to the introduction of humble bees. An interes ing feature in the process of cross-fertilisation is the peculiar structure of clover flowers and their method of concealing the honey. When a humble bee alights on the flowers of red clover, or a hive bee on those of white clover, they generally probe a number of florets in baccession and pass rapidly from flower to flower. The honey is secreted "on the inner sides of the bases of the filaments," and accumulates in the apace between the stamens and pistil. The reproductive organs—the stamens and pistil--are contained in the cavina, a long and somewhat boat-shaped organ, wh;ch also protects them during bad weather. Jn alighting on the flower the bee places its feet oh the a ahe or " wings " of the cavica, and thrusts its head under the vexillum or red colored upper part of the flower. The vexillum, Mil ler observes, " serves as a fulcrum against which a bee may place its head while it'pußhcs down the cavina with its feet.' As the cavina is pressed down, it ftpens longitudinally, and allows the anthers and stigma to rise and project freely out of it. The sticma is slightly longer i nan 'he anthers and is.the firat to touch and receive the pollen adhering to the under surface of the bee, while tntusting its head into the flower, and thus the" cross-fertilisation of clovers is accomplished. When the bee leave 3 the flower, the petals spring up, the cavina again encloses the essential organs, and the flower assumes its normal condition.

Many endneous articles have appeared in colonial newspapers during the last twelve months on the fertilisation of clovers, and on importing more species of humble bees with longer tongues than those now accli matised in the colony. Suffice it to say that three of the four forms now well established possess the longest tongues of all the European species of bees, except one alpine form. In the foregoing we fully realise the distinction between Goldsmith's speculative remarks and Sprengers practical observations in the field. Goldsmith was happier at The Mitre," in company with Boswell and Johnson, than when studying animated nature. His name will live with the " Vicar of Wakefleld ' and his charming rural poem "The Deserted Village." Only a few more years will suffice and his writings on "animated nature" will be consigned to oblivion. Not co with Sprengel. His valuable labors marked a new line of biological research, which -now inseparably links together and harmonises the sciences of botany and entomology. In studying the fertilisa; ion of clovers we observe the per fection of design in Nature. }Ye also meet imperfeptioEs. The robber humble bee, w}uph bites holes in the stamiual tubes of red c'pyer, and steals the honey thereby without fertilising the ftowers is a ease in point. But the greater nupiber of bees which visit the flowers in a legitimate way and regularly fertiliss them, greatly counter balances the injury done by robber bees, and so the good predominates

SCAB.

Melbourne, June 7

Ihe restrictions against the importa tion of New Zealand sheep into Vic toria will be relaxed at an early date, npw that Kew Zealand is free from epajb-*

Wholesale Poisoning

Sidney, June 7

A number of aboriginals at FernniQunt drank a bottle of poisonous liquid, supplied by a man named tjohn JCelly ? in the belief that ij; was rum. ging haye &|nce died, and four qthers are in a dangerous condition K.elly has bpen arrested.

ARMENIA

Constantisox'LE, June 7

Turkey has rejected the demands of the Great Powers with regard to the reforms in Armenia in toto. The Sultan declares that reforms are unnecessary and denies the right of the Powers to interfere, as nothing unusual bad occurred.

FORMOSA

Shanghai, June 6 Thp German gunboat Itlis bomb arded and silenced a Chinese fort at | Hove, because the authorities pre vented tbp departure of a steamer parrying Fang Ching, President of the Formosa Republip. The steamer afterward* proceeded on her way to the town of Taipehafa. in Formosa, where a powder magazine was set fire to and exploded, killing ninety persons.

I ungworm in Sheep

By Donald Oliver

(As the season of the year has now arrived when lungworm generally makes its appear ance among hoggws. I would feel ob'iged if you would kindly grant me space in your j valuable paper to say a few words bearing I upon the subject, for the benefit of those who may not have had opportunities of paying special atten ion to this disease. My principal reason for making this request if, that although it is the practice with most people to pour <ne kind of medicine or another imo the stomachs o! sheep with a view to des'roy lungworm, I have strong reasons for saying that, it is not the proper course to follow. The r m-dy ought to be received into th« or- nchitl tubes by inhalation. When, how. ver,t?e destruction of intestinal worms is the i>i«j or, then the alimentary canal is, of course, the proper place *o receive the anthelmintio The Canterbury Times of February 7

gives us an account of experiments which were carried out with nine different descrip tions of drenches at Hawkes Bay last year. Nothing, however, of any value cculd be gathered from what has been written respecting the experiment. One always infers that when sheep are drenched with

medicine it is with a view to destroy intestinal parasites of some sort. But the Hawkes Bay experimentists have not mentioned parasites of any description in their report. Had they known that the lambs experimented with were infeste 1 with worms, and had they killed several of them out of each lot at the end of a week after drenching, it would have been discovered on carefully examining the viscera, whether the parasites had in all or any of the cases been destroyed or otherwise. But this course does not appevr to have been carried out. The lambs experimented with being mostly motherless, the fact of about forty per cent of them dying between January 28 and October 4 proves nothing at all. Such lambs wintered on any kind of pasture will give a poor account of themselves at shear iiig : if kept on turnips, however, the case would be very different. I have made the above digression in order to show how unsatisfactorily experiments with sheep diseases may s-ome times be carried out. What I wish to impress upon farmers is that the commonly received hypothesis of the blood being able to carry poison of sufficient strength to kill worms two inches long, embedded in mucous, within the lubes of the lungs, without even coming in contact with them, is erroneous in the extreme. Because any dose of poison that would continue strong enough to destroy worms, of the strength of the filaria bronehialis, after reaching the said tubes, would assuredly kill the strongest sheep in existence. When medicine is poured into the stomach of a sheep, it mixes with the food stuff it finds there, and becomes subject to the law of alimentation. It is acted upon by the chemical agents with which the stomach and intestines are kept stored for the purpose of forwarding digestion—after digestion, the organs of circulation and exurefcion have everything to do with the disposal of it. Huxley says of circulation :—" The fluid con taining the dissolved or suspended nutritive matters which are the result of the process of digestion, traverses the very thin layer of soft and permeable tissue which separates the civity of the alimentary canil from the cavities of the innum rable capillary vessels which lie in the walls of that canal, and so enter the Wood, with which those capillaries are filled. Whirled away by the torrent of the circulation, the blood, thus charged with nutritive matter, enters the hearh, and is thence propelled into the organs of the body. To these organs it supplies the nutriment with which it is charged. From them it takes their waste products, and, finally, returns by the veins, loaded with useless and injurious excretions, which sooner or later take the form of water, carbonic acid, and urea." Now, considering that the medicine given to sheep for the purpose of destroying parasites has little or nothing of a nutritive nature in it, the bulk of ie will not be taken up by the blood or lymphatics at all, but posed as waste matter through the intestinal canal. Then again a portion of what dies find its way into the circulation will be carried by the vend artery to the kidneys, and by them eliminated and discharged along with the urine. Any poison taken up by the intestinal blood capillaries wiil heve to pass by the portal vein to tlie liver, ftotn whence, after ramifying that organ in a marvellous manner, it has to pass by the hepatic vein to the vena cam, Inferior, which carries it to the heart to be sent to thn lungs for purißcation by life-giving oxygen. Any portion of the medicine not transferred from the lacteals to the intestinal bload capillaries, will be joined to the lymph in the thoracic diet to be, ultimately, mixed with the blood, and carried to the lungs through the heart for purification by oxygen, iv the same manner (though by a longer journey) as the foregoing. Now, lot us oonsider what ohaaces there would be of killing the worms with the very limited anvmnt of poison that could possibly be brought into their neighbourhood by the blood. I say neighbourhood beeiuse the worms are located within certain tubes which the blood does not penetrate. It simply bathes the outside ot them. Physiology teaches us, however, that al though the walls of the bronchial tubes are unpervious to the blood, they admit, in a wonderful manner, the passage of oxygen gas from the atmosphere to the blood, and at the same time the passage of carbonic acid gas and moisture from the blood. Nature peforms these acts by a filtering process termed osmosses: the inembrame forming the walls of the tube 3 beiDg pervious to these substances Ido not assert that none of the medicine, if of a volatile nature, would reach the worms, because the lungs, in common with the skin and kidneys, !\ct as excretary organs, by which ail waste matter is eliminated from the blood ; but I am quite safe in saying that if any trace of it remained to be expired along with the carbonic acid and moisture, it will be so attenuated as to be perfectly innocuous to creatures so robustly constituted as the lung worm, Moreover, the paiasites are, in the open lodgement they occupy, kept constantly bathed with vital air from outside. Thus receiving, onoe in every three or four seconds, a powerful antidote to any trace of poison that may pass from the lungs by respiration. I may .say that Professor Thomas, of Auckland, has expressed hw doubts as to ths vaHie of drenching sheep for lungworm, and indeed 1 cannot see how anyone study ing the euVnect by this aid of physiology could arrive at any other conclusion. In the fumes of sulphur we have a safe, cheap, and easily applied remedy. I mentioned ( this cure in an article in your papar two years ago. It would be well for everyone having sheep affected with the disease to take to this cure and discard dreßchiDjj in every form in which it is recommended to the public. When hoggets, which are the i most likely sheep to become affected, take to coughing, get them into a cloud of the smoke of burniDg sulphur : there may be a. dozen different ways of doing this, ail simple, and equally eflectual. No adv'ce can be given as to the time sheep should be kept in the sulphur ; it will depend entirely on the strength of the fumes. If the smoke is very dense and powerful two minutes might be long enough. But if the vapour is j much attennated ten minutes would not be j too long. ' No one need expect that the worms can all be killed with a single treatment, because those nearest the mouths of the tubes will often exist in bunches large enough to prevent any of the fumes being inhaled past them. These bunches will however shrivel up and disappear in a few days. Then another treatment, similar to the first, will, in'almost every case, settle the question with the remainder. " Farmers who cm affqrd to give their hoggets occasional change of feed, of a go id nutritious quality, from the time they are weaned, throughout the winter, need not alq.rm themselves about huigworm. 1 hat is to say, if the. lambs were in robust condition when weaned, and had ijot before or after weaning been compelled to subsist tor a day or a night; on foul bare feed, where all sorts aiid conditions of sheep hadb«en camping. Anyone who can turnip his hoggets, putting them on early, will correct the disease, without treatment, even if it has made ft beginning in the Hock. And if it has not made a beginning the Hock will have perfect immunity from its attacks.

FOWERS OF RECUPERATION

Are existent in even the feeblest system, and ifconly needs a wholesome invigorant like Wolfe's Schnapps to stimulate them.

COMMERCIAL.

Sydney, June 8

A large number of entries hive been re ceived by tiie > heep Breeders' Associ.tion for the first show opening on Ju» e2 '. They include all the . hief New Zealand breeders, who will he s'rongly represented in the long wool class.

CYCLING

Sydney, June 7

L»wls, who was paced by '.and ma this aftenv on, b oke the Australian mile bi<*ycl« r« co^d, coveting he distance in 2min 8 1 sth sen This performance was witnefsed and certified to i y < fli •i^n o* the New Souih W\\ a League of VMi e'tmn

LATEST CABLE NEWS.

A TERRIBLE WATERSPOUT

Berlin, June ?

A waterspout burst and swept the Wurtemburg district, causing a con siderable amount of damage. 1 hirty two people were drowned in the floods and a number of others are missing.

Fifty people were drowned and forty houses ruined by a waterspout in Wurtemberg.

LABOR

Paris, June 7

The international conference of miners passed resolutions by 873,000 to 96,000 iti favor of a legal eight hours day, including the surfacd workers as well as pitmen.

LOANS

London, June 6 The Chilian loan of two millions at 4 per cent., minimum 93^, was sub scribed twenty fold.

The Daily Telegraph states that Russi* is about to issue a loan in Paris of seventeen millions sterling at four per cenr., which she will lend again to China at 5 per cent, in return for permission to extend the Siberian railway through Manchuria.

The Tichborne Case.

London, June 7

In his confession, as published in The People, Arthur Orton tells of a meeting he had in Paris with Olutilion, Tichborne's tutor, who declined to be lieve his identity. Orton showed him a scar he had similar to a scar known to be on Tichborne's body, and pro duced other proofs of recognition, but still the tutor refused to believe his story. He afterwards met Carter, who was formerly a private in the Car bineers, Carter believed his assertion that he was Tichborne, and was able to give him much news regarding the officers of the regiment. He subse quently engaged Carter as servant.

FIRE

Sydney, June 7

Nbws has been received that the ex tensive railway engine sheds at Har den, on the Great Southern Railway line, 22tS miles from Sydney, are on fire. Several engines are in the build ing, and the damage is certain to be

heavy,

The damage caused by (he fire in the engine sheds at Harden is estimated at £2000. Several engines suffered slight d (linage.

MR EDDY

Sypxey, June 7

Replying to a question pub to the Government by Sir G. R. Dibbs, the Premier declined to say whether the Government intended to abandon the moisure providing for an increase of Mr Eddy's salary. The Government, he said, was at present engaged on matters o£ infinitely more importance.

Sydney, June 8

The Premier lias received a com munication from Mr Eddy, requesting him not to bring the question of salary before Parliament, Mr Reid supposes this to indicate that Mr Eddy will ac cept a re arrangement.

Bankers' Conference.

Sydsky, June 7

The Bankers' Conference has drawn up a series of recommendations with reference to banking legislation, which will be submitted to the Premiers of the various colonies, Amongst the subjects discussed were the definition and limitation of the bank form of quarterly returns, not issue, and system of audit,

Agricultural Statistics

Sydney, June 7

The agricultural statistics for the year ended March last show that the area under cultivation in the colony was 1,826,900 acies, an increase on the previous yeir of 119,000 acres. The wheat area showed an increase of 53,00.9, ■ acres. Last year's yield amounted to 7,044 000 bushels, an increase of 540,000 bushels, giving an average of 109 bushels per acre. The yield of other creps, generally speaking 3 shows a decreasa.

Outrage by Blacks

Bkirbane, June 8

A band of blacks attacked a camp of Chinese miners in May town district, and killed one and dangerously wounded another.

TUB ASHBUKTON GUABDIAN : SATDBDA?, JUNE 8, 1896.



TtJBK Blood is the Secret of Health Gordon's B;»od Pills cleanse the system of all impure blood, cure iudigestion,con stipation, liver complaint, pains in back and sides, biliousness, sick headache; remove pimples, scrofula, boitw. etc. Larjre boxes 60; two boxes, 10i, iKMtfree. J W Clayton, jo* 834 DntediQ



'<■ snd^rs.  'lINWVLU TOWN B )ARD. I^ENDI-RS are invite«l, to l.c >< i nob later lh;*n .June 2L inst., foi ' about 110 Chains of Fosroa ion on Thompson 6tnef, Agnes street, aid Ji'hiibton slrvet. C, E. FOOKS AND SON, 6 42 Clerks to the.B TLNWAI D. OQ AORW" 3 ROOI S 31 PERCHES "*■& frmting the road a« \h ••■ hot ora uf Grove Farm, being originally part of the Estate, fhe property o( Mr William McLiughlin, TfCNDERP are invited for the gradng of this until May 1, 1896, to be sent to the undersigned on or before SACURDaY, Ish inst., the highest not necessarily ac cepted. T. BULLOCK, 6 60 Agenfc.



Entertainments. PRIMITIVE METHODIST CHURCH. CONVIVIAL CONVOCATION, pANTERBUBY Primitive Methodist Ministers' Associaliun. JUNK 11th, 12th, and 13oh. lUEBDAY 11—Inaugural Tea, Toasts, and Telling Taks. Tea with fir t Toast, <4 Success to lha Association " at 6 p.m. Admission, One Shilling. WEDNESDAY 1 12—Missionary Gather ing. Admission Free. Collection for Mission Fund, THURSDAY 13-Great Prohibition Meeting. Good Templars will attend in repalia. Free Admission. ' Collection for expenses. 6 56 READ TEES, AND DO .N'T FORGET IT. ASHBURTOS PtRE BRIGADE, GRAND TOfiGHUCHT PROFESSION GREAT DISPLAY OF FIREWOBKS ROUND THE TOWN. DARKTOWJN FIRE BIGADE WILL ' BE THERB. GRAND TONCERT, And laughable Comedy, "MY LOUD IN LIVERY," IN THE ODDFELOWS' HALL; THURSDAY, June 20 Admission to Concert—Front seats, 2a ; Back seats, Is. A DA^'CE will be h Id >fter the Concert. Adnvsion Is.- 6 67



Public Notices f ASHBURTON TROTTING $IUB. rpHE STAKES will be Paid *#ut TO NIGHT at the Commercial Hole.; R, J. HENRY,%ec ..... .. j U/ANTED t .Sal),—Section No. 13781, ' * close to Tinwald, 150 acreslaf the land is in so'^d order and has not b&rn in crop for 15 years. Inprction invited and offers t) purchase to be a^drefsed Wme. RICHA3D -Bl&lW; 6 61 Tinwald. j WANTED Known— ANDREW OHR has opened 20 cases New Drapery Goods, Splendid value. WANTED Known— , ANDREW ORR. is selling Men's Suits from 255, Colonial made ; boys' Kaiapoi Suits 9/5 6d.



WANTED Known— 100 pairs Roslyn Blankets, largo sizs for double bed, 22s 6d—worth 28s 6<l. WANTED Known— 100 Ladies' Fashionable Jackets, just opened, 15s to 355, excellent value.—Andkkw Oku. WANTED Know—



ANDREW OKI! (the leading Draper), has a Large Stock of High class Drapery in every department. No Rubbish Kept. j 'WANTED Known— The Largest Stock of Ladies' and Gent's Boots in Ashburton, Standard and Zealandia ; also the best French and English Boots and Evening Shoes in Great Variety.—Andbkw Orr. Grasp these facts—4 ndrkw Orr is Selling Colonial Flannel B|d, Flannelettes 2s lid, Calico 2s lid per dozen, towels 44d, Umbrellas Is lid to 5s Gd, Black French Merino Is lid —worth 2s 6d,



Funeral Notice. FUNERAL NOTICE. THE Friends of Mr James Jamieson, jun., Waterton, are respectfully in formed that, the Funeral of his beloved daughter, Mary Lennox Stewart, will, move from tha residence of Mr Peter | Stewart, Seavifw, Wakanui, on MON DAY, the 10ih inst., at 11 a.m. for the Ashburton Cemetery. BAKER BROS, 6 63 Undertaker?. Fnedlander and Co. NOTICE. ASHBDRTON SALEYARDB, TUESDAY, JUNE 11, 1895, THE Two Lines of Sheep, advertised in Saturday's Mail to bfl sold by us as above, are WITHDRAWN FROM SALE, having dispensed of them privately. FRIIDLANDRR AND CO., RUDOLPH FRTEDLANDER, Q 51 Auctiioneei



MITCHELL ATO TURJH B, IMPORTER?, .Ashburton



'commercial union assujrajncb company, limited, of london, FIRE AND MARINE. Copltal-J*»,SOO,OOO . TTTE are prepared to accept risks at LOWEST CURRENT RATSS. FKIEDLANDER AND CO., AGENTS. 68 ASHBURTON BRIOK, TILE, & POTrERY YARD. J. CKUI^~& SON, MANUFACTURERS. HAVING Purchased from Messrs Friedlander Bros., the whole of their Stock, Plant, arid Brick Yard, known as Kolmar, We are manufacturing Building Bricks, pressed; plain and ornamental Drain Pipes, fit Id or agricultural Pipes, Chimney Potß, Flower Pots, Tiles, Garden Borders, &c. Prices on Application. N.B -—On and after JUNE 1, the price of Bricks will be 55 j pel thouand. A GCOD DICC ;UNT ALLOWED FOB. CASH. 5 233 HENRY ZANDER. I BEG to intimate that I have just landed a Large and Varied Stock of OUDS, ftuns. HOLLTS' BEST MAKE. Single and Double Barrel, Breach and Muzzle Lradfn?, well worthy of inspection. REVOLVERS. REVOLVERS AMMUNITION. AMMUNITION. Cartridges and Cartridge Cases, Caps, Shot, Gunpowder, Powder and Shot Flasks, Cartridge Belts, Recap pers, Loaders, Wads, Punches, etc. SCOTT'S WELL-KNOWN RANGES AT GPEATLY REDUCED PRICES. I HAVE IN STOCK AND to LAND— 100 Drums Linseed Oil 200 Cases Valvultne 200 Cases Castor Oil 100 Bales best 5-ply Seaming Twine China and Glassware Hornsby's & Ransome's Plough Shares Barbed and Fencing Wire Mauritius and Queensland Sugars China, India, and Ceylon Tea Beat English Leather Belting —now in stock- Two Hundred Galvanised Steel Elastic Horse Collars (in all sizes). Early application necessary They are giving Universal Satisfaction WINES and Spirits, Ales and Stout, Liqueurs and Habana Cigars, Cigarettes, in view of approaching holidays, at SPECIALLY LOW RATES. GROCERIES AND ALL OTHER GOODS SOLD FOR CASH At Christchuroh Prices, Henry Zander. AGENT FOR- Sun Fire Insurance Office Australian Mutual and Provident Society J T Ford and Cofl



Misses Adams. DRESSMAKERS AND KNITTING MACHINISTS, T3 OLD a Luge Stock of up-to-date *-*• Cut-paper Patterns. Madame Demerat's latept productions, including Bathing, Racing, Boating, Gymnasium, and all fashionable costumes for ladies and children ; also, Fashion Journals, Fancy Work, Books, Art-needle Re quisites. LesFons given in Fmcy Work, THE SVNOY RkPOSITORY, SAUNDERJs' BUILDINGS. Agents for —Bye Works, Registry | Office for Servants. 6 10 TO LET. PIURNISHED, for six months, con |*- venicnt Seven-Roomed House, in Cox Street, wi'h Scullery and outhouses, and h'-)]f an acre of land. Apply A H. FIELD, 617 Care of D. Thomas, Ashburton. _____ PIANOFORTE, SINGING & FRENCH MRS F. MAKEIG, | WILLS STREET, WEST. HE Second Term will begin MON DAY, May 27. Vacancies in each of the above. Terms on application. 5 136 ASHBURTON INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SOCIETY. rilK THIRTEENTH APPROPRU *• TION will be drawn for on TUESDAY, JUNE 11th INSTANT, At 7 30 p m. The Society has four forfeited Shares on hand, available for sale, purchasers of which will participate in abt ye diaw. J. C. DUNCAN, 6 41 Secretary. FOH SALE, i> TOWN- SECTIONS, Haf-Acre, "* situated near the Town Belt east. Price, £31. Easy terms of payment. T. BULLOCK. rpo FARMERS AND DEALERS Desirous of living near Town. FOR "SALE, " T H E G R A N G E," Situated about one mile from the Town Belt west, divided into three farms, as follows, viz:— No. 1, THE HOMESTEAD, IQSj ACRES, all in English grasses L*JO a nd clovers, excepting about 20 Acres. There i» a commodious dwell ing house of eight rooms erected on the property, surrounded by plantation, also eight-sailed Stable, Harness room, and Chaff house attached, with large loft overhead, and Shed at the back. Full length of the building suitable for Shear ing in, detached implement shed, etc. No. 2- QCA ACRES ; middle portion of the wOU estate, in one block No. 3- OKC\ ACRES ; outside block, fronting s»«JV./ Mitcham Road. On this there is a plantation of bine gums the full length of the frontage. Inspection of the several farms invited. Liberal terms if required. j Further particulars on application. T. BOLLOCK. LAZ'RUS'S SIGHT TESTING AND SrEC lAUT B SPEC L'ACLES. Sole ajent for Ashburton District, C C A L E X, JEWELLER, EAST STREET, ASHBURFON. T A ZVRUS'Patented System ensures JLi comfort and correct sight.* Don't spoil your eyes by using badly fitting; Spec'acles. 5 97 •BDOAK BBIIjIMC* E\TniOIU)IIA»Y T LEAD, Competition follows. Who saw American Farthing Caramels before DIGGLE came? REPLY: NO ONE. Imitated now, but not DIGGLF/S real Yankee Stingo. Tha trade is being stirred about and awake to the fact that DIGGLVd Goods lead, 44 SELDOM FQUALLED BUT NEVER EXCELLED " urn THE UNITED FIRE & MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, Ltd. CAPITAL ... .. "DISKS accepted and Rates quoted on application, irrespective of Tariff. A. LAWRIE & CO., 6 48 Agents



SELLING ON. _ SELLI. GON H. M. TIN ES IS Felling the whole of his Urge an<l varied stock of STATIONERY, ACCOIL\T BOOKS, and FANCY GOODS for iowct prices for CASH. NEW LINES OPENING UP. School Committees and Teachers supplied with all School Requisites, at par with Christchurch prices. A fp< e;»f lin-of BLUE B ACK IK on draught, excellent quality. Cream laid, Foolscap from lOi 61 ptrnam, Chak, Bknling taper, Peus, Pencils, (Hob«j «id School Book*. Account Books Made to OrcUr, Ruled, Printed and Biirod as required. ; Any Bm ks and Publications required pn cured frutu Loj.il, Culut iat, o Londoit Publithing Houses. NRW PIANOS from £26, sold on monthly payments of £1. ORGANS from £16. Easy Terms, Vio im, String?, Pegs, Bridge*, Aooorditna, Etc, Star, Humber Cyc es for Ladies or Gentlem n, Latest Improvements, Beat Materials Seoond'haad Bicycles. Cash or Terms. Cycle Extras. Agent for Adams, Curties and Co., Christchurch. Send for analogues, Bay the beit machine you can, Stars are the best value obtainable* II 91. Jones. ——• —_ , i — IMPORTANT.— THE CORNER —Has the pleasure <o intimate that it is to-day prepared in all departments with everything New for Autumn and W*nter wear. Great show of New Winter Dress Materials. No lady visiting ou Drress and Millinery Department can poss'.bly be disappointed. MELTON OLOTH, especially suitable for children's dresses, X\ 3d pnr yd HEAVY DIAGONAL SERGES, Very Strong Is 6d per yd ALL WOOL DIAGONAL SERGES, in All Colors la lid per yd ALL WOOL FANCY SERGES, guaranteed fast colors 2s 9c! per yd TRIMMINGS IN BEVERS, JETS, GIMPS, BKAIDS, IN ALL COLORS, —MILLINEKY~iPAbTMENT - We are row showing the Newest Styles in Jackets, Waterproofs, Tunlos, Hate, trimmed and untrimmed, Corsets, Undeiclothing, etc, * BLANKETS. BLANKETS. Best Value in the County, Colonial Flannels in all Colors, B£d, Linoleums, Oilcloths, a New Stock Just Arrived. —CLOTHING DEPARTMENT— Men's, Youths', and Boys' Colonial Tweed Suits at Astonishingly Low Prices Boys' Serge Varsity Caps Os 6d Boys' Plush Varsity Caps Is Od Boys' Serge Sailor Caps Is Od Youths' Tweed Overcoats with Capes 8s 9d. SUITS, COVERT COATS, AND OVERCOATS, MADE TO ORDER —BOOT DEPARTMENT— Boot?, Shoes and Slippers for Men, Women, and Children, at prices that will astonish you. W, H. COLLIER THE "CORN El!" isnoH\.3ma bhi IV aavHX SHE NI BfllVA, ISgff.MX., 53A130 3H 3NOAHS[Aa •saMo ava no.* ! avj ox sHawo-ism 0000 on 'situu ava on \ntiauo on BsnoH'art'ia am Has him qoa *aiavoHv &o mmoo okv dn jjooi o^ spueu^'anoif {[vj, 9jat| ium& jo uoi-|«inoo« oq» ao a rIO o« 'hsiiaxs cimv Aia^s! iioois a?noH ama aHi ,„ »Q* , ri — rT .•eg ium no^ asflQH SAIQ KBX ?h puaod v puods noA j{ *pau.ma bo si paAvs 55 'iuiouooa Xpn^s o^ ©ot?|d 9^ Sl. MSIIOH aH rIS aHX 'aun^joj o% ioo^sjoo} gq^ si \ s(D«q eiuoo 01 no£ saonpui A%i|«nb oqx -spoof) as^OH 30.18. QW IPS saoijrj aqj, •Suipu«[ .([lutj^saoa asiioH mm ml *o& vnvHxsav raoj^ saooo &v&uo ut s^ood jnoij^tns 0^ saOIHJ MOT P u« SM'IAIS aNHHOaiaK .-.  /\ _____ as qoe stina 3Hi JLV Axnvioads v AHammw 'saomd axHnoaiaw xv dnihxoio untv Auajvua #a 811 OH 3f119 3HJ "seAJsssp'epnofl en|g eq^j 'Bsaoons pu«muioo o] sj«|4oui hi 'joa sy, 'sseogns e^i{ epaeoDns Suiq^o^ issaooas issaoons issaooas 'AaoanaAs ox aa xsnw AHSdv^a ni nvi au^li 'SHaMHVji 3hx ox sooa v aa aioo\v IVHHM NI 3SIH V