The Ashburton Guardian. Magna est Veritas et Prævalebit. MONDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1891. THE MOSGIEL WOOLLEN MILLS.

The well-being of the Mosgiel Woollen Factory Company is a matter of direct interest to us dwellert m Ashburton, and the satisfactory state of affairs—under all the disadvantage ous circumstances which surrounded manufacturing enterprises during the last year—which the directors were able to place before the shareholders at the annual meeting of the Company last week is matter for congratulation, j no less to Ashburton than to Dunedin True, the reserve fund had to be en croached upon to the extent of £1000, the net profits for the year being in sufficient by about£7ooto pay the usual 8 jer cent dividend; but seeing that the reserve fund of well managed public companies is established purposely to ipeet such emerge twite; thai the re

serve fund still stands at .£18,000;, that the bank over-draft was reduced during the year by £1415 to £31,664, which is more than doubly covered by the stocks of raw material and goods m course of manufacture or ready for sale, amounting altogether to £64,198; and that the net profits of the year, £5108, were sufficient without drawing upon the reserve fund to pay a dividend of seven per cent per annum, the Company must be held ,to be m a most satisfactory position,*'and the directors well merited the thanks which they received for the prudent manner m Which they managed the business of the company during the unusually try ing period. Indeed during the year the net profits were only £260 less than for the preceding year, and the business of the last half of the year showed a good return. The interrup tion m business caused by the strike m 11890, the effects of which fell upon the first half of the year just closed, were m no way blamable upon the company or its work-people, the relations between whom had been and continued to be most happy. Visitors to Mosgiel speak of the place as an ideal factory village, which .it. could scarcely be unless the hands were satisfied with and had confidence m their em ployees. It is highly satisfactory to learn that the directors are pleased with their Ashburton mill. The chair man m his address said, "The Ash burton mill last yea«* stood'-ak £11,180, and this year it stands at £11 5 289. There was a small addition there of £159. We found it was necessary there to pat m cement floors instead of using timber, because experience has shown their much greater advantage, and the great saving m fire insurance. The Ashburton mill is now fully equipped with all the latest known plant, all m good working order. I visited the mill lately and was very much pleased with its altered appear ance. The whole place is most credit able to the management. By securing this mill the directors' are m a position to produce a very much larger amount of goods than has yet been clone, but for some time back trade has been so dull that the mills have not been pressed to their fullest capacity." The concluding remarks of the chairman should be remembered by every man when he goes to buy a suit of tweed. "The directors are well aware that our goods are imitated by manufacturers at Home and abroad. This may to spine extent be "very * flatter ing to this company, but it is somewhat embarras sing to its management. Shareholders are aware that the directors aim at a high standard, and to produce nothing but a genuine article : the production of the best of every kind being the only sound position the company can take up, *nd one that experience has shown is theonly one to stand the test of times of depression. But we now find ourselves face to face with this competition : our genuine goods competing with- others that are not genuine. If the public could only realise the terrible clanger to health from using goods even slightly mixed with shoddy, never a yard of such goods would be worn by anyone, and far less would they wear such mixed goods as flannels and under clothing. If inanufacturers-rwould only make genuine articles far more good | would arise to trade than if a Trotec | tive tariff of double the present rate \yere forced upon the couutry." - A-h ---burton rejoices at the strong position of one of the most successful of colonial enterprises, the more so as the success of the company's Ashburton mill means the expenditure here, m wages alone of n sum approaching £7000 a year..

LOCAL AND GENERAL

On November 15,1769, Captain Cook took possession of New Zealand. A counter irritant.-—The woman who shops, but does nob buy. An advertisement m this issue states that the bridge over the Rakaia will be blocked for road traißc, between 11 a.m. and 6 p.m. from.November 19 till further notice. The two local doctors at Marton, Dr» Isdeel and Key worth, were last week laid up with influenza. Six of the Wellington police were also disabled by the same com plaintr Measrs A. W. Sandford and Co.rAdelaide, under date November'l, 1891, reports:— "In the early districts of the northern areas wheat reaping ia m full swing and new grain is being delivered at several ports and rail way centres." At the last mset ing of the Riyerton Hos pital Board a motion was carried —"That no Chinaman, or woman associating with Chinamen, be admitted to the Hospital with out a guarantee for the payment, of the Hos pital expenses, or a deposit of.£4, being one month's contribution " At the pedigree stock sales at Christchurch on Saturday, of Mr T. E. Upton's two-tooth Shropshire rams, Mr C. J. Puarazyn, Wel lington, bought 25 at 4 to 5 guineas, and 3 ewe Lo^gets at 5 guineas. For Mr John {Small, a pair of draught geldings were sold at 47£ guineas to Mr (J, Lewis, of Ifalswell. During the past wsek the influenza epidemic has broken out at Kaiapoi, several of the employees of the Woollen Factory, wifch other residents, having been attacked by it. The symptoms, however, do not appear ill any case to be dangerous, and tile sufferers are progressing favorably, At last week's meeting of the Bluff Harbour Board it was repprted that the revenue for 1 October exceeded /that* of the corresponding month of last year by £639 11s Bd, eliciting from the chairman the remark that it must be very pleasing to the members to see such a substantial increase. . ,  "Snow on the moon is believed to have been discovered through the Lick teles cope at the California Observatory. Owing to the immense power of this instrument, splendid photographs have b sen tikew of the mountains. Professor Holden distinguishes tv luminous white spot.exactly resembling snow. Should this supposition be accurate, it indi cates the presence of an atmosphere on the moon, and Amiri«an astronomers go on to suggest that our satellite maybe inhabitable after all. . In a magazine article attacking Jbreo masonry, Dr Joseph Cook, of "Boston lactnre'" fame, quotes the example of Vermont as a tre.eileut for the rest of th«j world :— " Vermont puts . a penalty of SOtlol to 200dol upon every secret oath not iiijtl^riged by public l aw Put an en 4to secret oaths, and you put an e»cl to all societies founded upon them. Vermont has made secret doth* not provided for jiy her statues illegal and punishable by fine, and j so has legally uproofcff'-l ajl jiogieties founded upon such oaths," It is believed (says the " Examiner ■") that the Palmerston burglar hag beeu discovered. Mr L. Oiorgi had occasion to enter the busb near the town when he heard groan* and cries of "I'm dying." He found.» man lying m a very emaciated condition,-boot- less,*Wl surrounded by empty spirit bottles, two corkscrews, and a kit containing pud ding. The ma.B who M evidently been lying where found for some days is a coach painter named Ayers, aged 28, of Wellington; iiP ter being carried out and attended to he w&* arrested and charged with breaking and entering fcfre Albion Hotel and Railway Refreshment ftoows, As he is ,n a critical cooditiou, ij3 was ie"j»|(isd |or a week,

- Kansas City talks of issuing a license to 1 each man who drinks, such license to be issued only on presentation of an application countersigneclby the man's wife. The "Voice" the organ of the prohibitionists, wishes it amended so that if a man is unmarried let the law require that the license be counter- ' signsd by his mother-in-law. The returns show that Auckland province heads the list as a butter producer, and Otago as a cheese producer. The figures are as follow:—Butter: Auck- \ land, 3,G30,1451bs ; Taranaki, 3,347,7071bs ; Hawke's Bay, 484,0451b5; Wellington, 2,549,8581b5; Marlborough, 235,602ib5; Nelson, 799,9891bs ; West-land, 122,5091bs ; Canterbury, 2,268,75811)3 ; Otago, -3.864 869 lbs ; Chatham Islands, 14,8401b5. Cheese : Auckland, 1,057,5681b5; Taranaki, 1(57,345 lbs ; Hawke's Bay, 106,6251bs ; Wellington, 724,7831bs ; Mat-lbo-rough, 64341b3 ; Nelson, 32,7161b5 : ; Westland, 10501bs ; Canterbury, 1,3!3,0271b5; Otago, 3,566,1501b5. There was a very large attendance —one of the largest seen m Ashburton—-at the funeral of the late Mrs M. Stitt, which took place this afternoon, to the Ashburton cemetery. Services at the residence of Wlr G. Kidd, where-Mrs Stitt.departed from this life, and at the grave-side were conducted by the Rev Mr Beattie. The pall and coffiu were covered with wreaths of white roses, iris, and other flowers, tokens of affection from relatives and friends of the deceased lady. Universal sympathy is felt with Mr Stitt m his sad bereavement, as well as for the members of Mrs Stitt s family. A friend (\vrites " Marjorie," m Woman) tells me a good story that she heard m Vienna. A titled Viennese dame was shopping m a book department of a Viennese universal provider, when she overheard a young woman modestly ask the assistant if he had a "Lovers' Letter,* Writer." "Certainly, madam," replied the young man, and then thinking to do a double stroke of business, he added politely,' and m a low tone, "if by any chance you are not suited- with the lover we could suit you m that respect also—in our' General agency department. " Two boys named Burke had a narrow escape from being drowned on Wednesday evening last at Geraldine. They were stand iug on a footbridge over the river when they became giddy by watching the rapid flow of water beneath, the river being high at the time, anil both^fell mai & were immediately carried down the stream towards a deep hole. Another boy named Roderick managed to pull one of the lads out, and the? other was sinking for about the third time when Mr McLeod, a farmer, who was passing m his dray, rushed into the water and got him on his feet again. The little fellow was much exhausted. The lads were only about 8 ox 6 years old.— "Guardian," Me Cunlifie Lister, -now Lord Masham, has (says the " World) expended upwards of a million sterling during the last nine years m purchasing estates m Yorkshire* He commenced m 1882, when he bought the Swinton Park property, near Masham, from the heirs of Mrs Danby Vernon-Harcourt, for £450,000. Mr Cunliffe Lister's next investment was the estate of Jervaulx- Abbey, which joins that of Swinton, and for which he paid £350,000 to Lord Ailesbury's trustees. Last ye«ar he bought the Middle Castle property, and also the mineral estate ot Acton-hall, near Ponle f ract which last cost him £192,000. «. The Medical papers have been devoting some attention to the influence food has on hair. A good many of us study food from a digestive point of view only, but if the theories recently started have any basis of truth we shall begin to think whether this, that, and the other, besides agreeing with us, will be likely to injure the hair ! It is said that the falling out of the hair after influenza is caused not only by that most objectionable of complaints, but also by the taking of milk m large quantities, which was a favourite remedy for influenza but has a bad effect on the"hair. Iron is very good, so that those whom it suits can con gratulate themselves that. their medicine serves a double purpose—that of tonic and hair restorer. A long course of Oatmeal and brown bread is also said to be good. This being the staple diet,,of one branch of vegetarians, it would be interesting to know whether they have particularly luxuriant heads of hair. Cold baths with salt, thrown: m are also goo;l, because the shock flushes the capillaries of the hair, thus sending a supply of blood to the roots to nourish them. The first six months' trial of the zone system oil the state railways of Hungary has resulted m an absolute loss ot £180,000, as compared with the same period m the previous year. It his increased the passengfr traffic, but it has produced this large debit, balance against the product of the previous period. The result was simply a cheapen ing of fares, and some additional, but too cheap travelling. Hungary has a population of ssventcen millions. Her average travel ling on her railways, prior to 1891, was at the very moderate ratio of one railway journey per annum for every three-fourths of an inhabitant. Of course, m such cir cumstances (says the " New Zealand Time 3") cheapening fares would naturally and neces sarily produce a higher ratio of travel; but it is travel at a very greatly increased expenditure of the railway fund. In New- Zealand, with a population of 640,000 per sons, which is less than 4 per cent of the population of ■Hungary, the railway is used on an average of eight journeys p->r annum for every inhabitant. This a very high average, considering the smallness of our population, and the many districts and localities which are not included within the lines of the railways. In view of this high average,| is it probable that there would be an increase of passenger traffic m New Zealand such as would be at all commensu rate with the sacrifice of receipts, the added expenditure and tear and wear ? We do not believe so, and the Hungarian experience justifies the incredulity.

Salvation Army Music.

Apropos of General Booth's visit the the " Witness "writes :—We do not know whether General Booth is a musician, nor have we any sufficient opportunity of judging whether the quality of the so called music served out by Salvation bands to the initiated (and unfortunately to the rest of us as well) is peculiarly atrocious as compared with the harmony available from their congeners m other countries. V\'e trust, however, that it may not be considered flippant to suggest (since all that a gcol many of us know o [ the Salvation Army is conveyed to us m the sound of drums, trumpets, and other instruments of torture) that one of the urgent needs of the local Army is an im provement m the musical standard; General B,ooth might do worse that seek to confer on New "s{eala.nd some measure of relief m this respect at the hands of his myrmidons, by way of return for what ever hospitality he has experienced from kind hearted residents. He ought to remember that there is.no way out of ihe bound of an unspeakable bind m the centre of the city—unless indeed you take a train. People have not the slightest objection to red stripes and pewter S's, and no really cogent ones even to the most truly awful bonnets . but binds m which several minor differ ences of opinion exist are distinctly an infliction. The rgally good work done m many respects by the army deserves a better heralding forth than it. gets, and might easily have it. The following number of our contem porary, however, has the following from its Gore correspondent:-—The Salvation Army B.\nd from Chmtchurch, has paid a th>-ee days'visit to Gore on its way back to Chrj-stchurch from the Bluff. Thecksb <jf music playecl by ttys band is no doubt simple, but the simplest tunes played to perfection, are i lfinitely preferable to mpre ambitious music played m the usual j»"ediocr(e way, I'his Salvation band wity give a memorable lesion );o bandmasters and bandsmen throughout fcb^ ffhole golony. Thejrbes,t point js their con stant'softness and swpefaees, of tone with a decided subjection of fh« drum par};. Time and expression ape $Isq pepfegb, and there is a complete absence of the blow ing matches between individual members which so often occur m bands m defiance of aft discipline. Altogether this visit of the Chdste|»ur(th Salvation Army Band has been a treat to everyone thafrkncjws goud from bad m music,

MAGISTERIAL.

ASHBURTON—MONDAY.

(Before Mr A. Harrison J.P.)

Drunkenness. —Robert Duncan was charged with having been drunk on Sat urday niu;ht m Cameron, street, with having resisted the police, destroyed tho constables overcoat, and used obscene language m public. To all the charges accuse 1 m effect pleaded guilty, stating that of the three last mentioned he kr.ew nothing. Constable Cleary gave evidence as to the offences, and after Lho evidence had been takon of the cabman who assisted the constable to arresst prisoner and drove him "to the station, the police'aske'd th/ Court to substitute a charge of insulting language for that of obscenity, but jbhe Bench declined ,as the case wan aggra vated, The Magistrate gave accused ti severe lecture, fined him 5s for the drunkenness^ ordered him fed pay 35s value of the constable's Overcoat, and on tho obscene language charge ordered him to be imprisoned until the rising of the' Court, and to pay all costs of witnesses; etc., m the case.., (Before Mi-A. Harrison, and Major " Steward," J.fj's.) ; All-coed SHKBPSTKAiiiiijN—JamesDaly, farmer, Scotsdean, waS charged, on the information of Joseph Stu|^eon, with having on November 5, ;;Bt<)len a thirteen months old Hampshire -Down hogget, valued at ten shillings,' the property of. Max Frie.dlander. Mr Cutlibertson ap peared for the accused! Joseph Sturgeon,, shephetd m the employ of Mr Max Fripd-, lander,- .said;,that.oh Nbyeuibjer 5, m thft afternbosj' he took some sheep from Dim-; das to Chertsey. Left one on the road as it did not travel well, intending to tak^ it back when h« returned. Met,Mr Dkly on the 1 road near Chertsey, aboub an hour after leaving the shp|p. Daly had a light four wheeled vehicle^ with sOnic harrows m ifc. Returned, to where he left the sheep about three hours after he left it, but did not see the sheen. On November 9, saw the carcase of the sheep and its skin hanging on separate trees at -Daly's property at Scotsdean. Daly showed him the carcase ahxf skin, and said he picked up the sheep: intending to give it t;o the owner if he knew who he was. The sheep was a three-quarter bred Hampshire, aiid bore Max Friedlander's ear-mark- tWo back notches, on the ofF ear. The.skin: produced bore that eaf-mark. There was no other ..distinguishable brand on the sheep at the time. The she?p would be worth about 10s or 12s. Made inquiries as to what had become of the sheep, arid as a result of these communicated with I the police, and went with the police to accused's place. There would be six or seven miles' distance between the place where the sheep was left and the place, where the skin and carcase were hanging. The latter place is half a mile away from Mr Daly's- residerioer Oave n'o^KMly any authority to take away the sheep. By Mr,, Cutlibertson—The sheep was knocked up. It is usual to put sheep m these circum r stances m a paddock if you know anyone m the locality, ; but if not the sheep is usually left on the road. This sheep had not travelled very far. It was usual to cut tho ears off a skin, after skinning, and the leaving of them on m this instance, he took it, was done to enable it to be identified. This sheep had evidently died ;it had not been butchered. By tlvi police—The carrying of the sheep for several miles m at, ap would net benefit it any, and the leaving of the ears.pntheJ skin would euld to the skin's.,weight}whgti. it came" to hi sold. Max Friedlander" owned a sheep farm ,it Dundas. The last witness was his maniger He reported fco witness the ?oss of a sheep.. Knew the accused,, -to wlwjm- f .witne'sij|^ad?. not sold or given any sheep, or autJfoVised him to take any. Was m town from the sth to the Btli of this month, but during that time had leceivecl no communication from Daly as to his having found one of witness's sheep on the road. Identified the skin produced as bis property.;-. The 'sheep it was taken from would- be 'VorEh about 10s or 12s. By Mr Cuthbertson— Acting on the .iergeano's advice instructed:- Sturgeon to lay the information. Be-. lie\e:l the sheep' would/have reco'viered if' ie had not been carted six or seven miles m a dray. Would have had no difficulty m identifying the skin as his property, although the ears had not been left, be cause he was the only breeder of Hamp* shires m Canterbury.. Constable Witliyi corroborated Sturgeon's evidence, whom he accompanied to Daly's farm. On speaking to Daly about the sheep, he at once said it was. dead and that he had skinned it. He got into the trap with Sturgeon and witness and directed them to where, the carcase, and skin were hanging, Daly' said' the sheep was a nice sheep and he had taken it up, so that the dogs should not worry it. He had asked young Hanrahan .to put it m his paddock, but he refused, and as the sheep had been se*n with him Daly said he did not set it down again. He had waited to see Mr Sturgeon about the sheep because he. was not friendly, with Mr Friedlander, whom he purposed informing about the sheep through Mr Sturgeon. John Hanrahan, farmer, Dromore, said that on November 5, Daly came past his place with a sheep m his trap, and asked witness' nephew to put it m his paddock. He said he thought the sheep was Friedlander's as he had met Sturgeon driving a mob. The naphew refused to take the sheep, because he said 1 'he wanted no sheep but his own. Daly i took it away. By. Mr Cuthbertson—Daly was not sure the sheep was Friedlander's, ! but thought it was. John Hanrahan, jun., corroborated this evidence, Daly said m his hearing that he would take' home the sheep, put it m his paddock and tell Friedlander about it.—By Mr Cuth bertson —The sheep seemed to have been over driven, and witness did not think at the time it would live very long. There was no concealment of the sheep on Daly's part, and he appeared anxiou? to iind the owner. The offer by Daly to sell the sheep for 15s was made to a school boy of thirteen m a jocular way. The boy certainly was not likely to be a pur chaser. The Bench said there was no case to go before a jury, and the information would r be dismissed ; but the case was. a warniug; to every one who, finding an animal oil the road took charge of it, and neglected to communicate at once with the police or the owner, if he were known. Not being' prepared to do this the finder had better by far let the animal alone.

THE FARM.

1 We arc indebted to Mr J. B. Wilkinson, M. A., for the manuscript of the following interesting' paper on the growth of pasture during winter, which was read by him-recently before "the Canterbury' Philosophical Institute :'- - , It is a common opinion amon? -tlio 15 farmeis that there are annually two seasons of no growth of grass on the plains,' the first during summer droughts, and the second during the severity of winter. These two seasons of no growth are usually well-defined. It goes without saying that there is no growth m the -summer when every tuft of grass is seen to be parched dry j but with respect t«i the winter season tho evidence of no growth is scarcely sufficient, and to make 'a Cefct I measured regularly during the winter of 1890 the blades oti selected shoots of ryegnvss and cocksfoot, with the result that so far as chat locality—Rich mond,: Ciiristchurch—was concerned there JH'ftsi continual growth throughout June, and August. Measurements were made twice a week which ■ showed . that the minimum rate of growth was during open Weather—sunny by day and frosty at night—while a shower of rain always produced comparatively a burst of growth.. It was also seen from the totals that the growth during August was as great as that during June and July together, a result showing that not nature but our system of "grazing is at fault when we find, as is so often the case, our sheep feed scarcer m August than m June or July—a point that;will be referred to again. . During the past winter I again took" careful and regular measurements every two.:days of the blades on selected shoots, -and plotted the curves of growth on a chart. The observations were more ex tensive than last year's, the shoots measured comprising one of rye-grass and one of cocksfoot' allowed to grow natu rally, and one of rye-grass and one of cockissfoot kept clipped short, at about a quarter of an inch Javerage of blades. The clipped tufts were taken to represent the state of our pastures under our pre valent system of close gracing, and the undipped tufts to represent pastures not stocked during June, July, and August. It has seemed to me for a £,ood many years that the ordinary system of close grazing secures a minimum yield of grass. Through extensive periods, twice a year, the cry of scarcity of feed is heard m two thirds of the plains, and an inspection of /die,._),astures at these times shoyvs that the shoots.have been eaten to the core, and; each plant lias become a hard knob, devoid of power of growth, and reminding one of an over pruned tree or of a hedge too often clipped. A^compar son of the growth nride by the undipped tufts with that; of the clipped ones- shows that.the undipped produced very much more than tlje clipped. Taking first;,the rye-grass-;; 1 found that during JunetHa unclippedgrew 3£ times as much as the dipped, during July 2 2-3rds tifties* aiid during August 4 times as much, ths^rapid sprihg growth of the latter half of Augttsti having had :r.ueh greater rate of effect on the undipped than upon the clipped. I may say that during the recent winter the total growth of the clipped shoot was 4|- inches m the three months —June, July, and August—and the total growth of the undipped m-the same time '.was" 12 11-12 th indies—say 13 inches, or nearly three times as much as the other. With regard to the • cocksfoot the re sults are different, for the reason that the ; clipped tuft was ■ a very healthy plant, while the undipped one was not very ...vigorous until the latter half or August, ©uring June the tables were turned, and ,fejie clipped ;|re\v 13i-i2ths-of ah inch, while the undipped grew only 5-12fchs of an inch. During July the clipped grew 2 4-12ths inches, and the, undipped as cended to 2 ;7-12ths "inches ; and during August the superiority of the unclij'pjed over the close grazed was' well shown by 7 5-12blw lo^B^Efchs-&t quiEe^tnrer times as much. .The general result is, however, • that pasture unstocked, during the winter pro duces nearly three times as much as feed as equally henlthy-.•■ pasture:- grazed close v cry noticeable, too, is tfie narrow width —much narrower than the normal—of the blades of the clipped tufts, and, also,* m all probability, the damage clone to the tuft by the' sheep's teeth would still further diminish the yield. Now, turning to the practical side, we find a factor coming, m to -interfere very greatly. At the middle of July the old vbl^des began to frost off at the endsj the younger blades not being touched by the frost,'and this withering of the old blades went steadily on until the end of August, so;.that it, might almost be said that as .fast as the yduog, blade grew the old one died off, and,* indeed, at the middle of August therp was less feed oh-; the' un dipped rye tha«~at the first of the month, on acecunt ;o£. rapid withering. The clipped tufts showed no sign of being frost bitten ; and how, oomparing. the available sheep feed instead of the total growth, we find that the; clipped- rye pro duced 4| inches, while the undipped produced 5$ inches or 22 per cent more ; and..that the clipped cocksfoot pro duced 6 l-12th inches, while the un dipped grew 8 6-12ths or 40 per cent more. It does not seem, thei-3fore, that a vast gain will be derived, from keeping the pastures unstocked all winter, but rather that, judging from last winter, the fields shuuld be unstocked during J une,_ grazed down during the first half of July to secure the feed that would otherwise ■be frosted, and again unstocked till the middle of August, or later ; every day at this peiiod producing three times as much growth as a day m July. Such a method j of winter feeding will, of course, neces sitate some large fenced off yards and 'plenty of artificial food ; but it will secure | a ''fairly maximum yield from pasture, and I see no theoretical objection to it save one. It appeared that a shoot of grass grows only at its youngest blade, the second youngest growing very slowly, indeed, and the others not at all, so soon as a new blade appears and begins, as it doss, to rush ahead. It may "be\ therefore, that a mature blade gives •ui> its nutritive substance more or less to the yonr-gest-Blade ; so that, when it is liable to be frosted it has already Jbecome of poor value as.feed, and- its loss is not otmudi consequence. Should this sur intsetlfroV© correct, it seems to me that to keep 6;ld,pastures wholly unstocked during white'f lisa necessity for sound scientific gracing*. ; Should the surmise prove iu cojrrectit would be sound policy to graze f'h'e pastures to a considerable extent ouce m the winter, that is to say at the commencement of the frosting of the old blades. . -In. .conclusion, I find by enquiry the opinion is very common that grass grows from .the root; rather than from the blade ; and, of coursu, such an' opinion is m accord,with bare grazing. On the other hancl the botanist asserts that grass grows from the blade rather than from" the root, and he considers, therefore, that bare grazing is thoroughly unscientific and unprofltaWe. , .

"Keating's -Powder" destroys Bugs" Fleas, Moths, Beetles, and all other insects, whilst quite harmless to domestic aniujals. In exterminating Beetles the success of this powder is extraordinary. It is perfectly clqan m application* See the article you purchase is'," Keatino's," as imitation^ are noxious and ineffectual. Sold m Tins,6 d, Island 2s 6d each, by all pheiniats. many exhibitor^ at the lafe Ashburto,n Sh<*v, were^oubtless^ disappointed m n/ot fwiiiping'.pnssesi A'pipture value'lOs is given with every Fifty Shillings' I worth of Warbiirton'a Can't Be. „ Ijeat Baking Powder.--fact. : "-'•'- f -■> Teas free from any excess of astringency - 4 South British Tea Company's pure blends A,U siorek^epers

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I PER TRESS ASSOCIATION

CAPITAL AND TAXATION.

London, November 14. The principal financial houses in London deny the statement made by Mr Balianeo, Premier of New Zealand* that the taxation policy of the Govern-' mentis 1 not expelling capital from the colony. They declare that the policy is a suicidal one, and assert that many instances are known of the withdrawal or contemplated* withdrawal of large amounts at* present invested in New- Zealand. The -Land Companies in London which are connected with the colony contemplate taking combined action against the taxation proposals, and will probably submit a united pro test to the Hew Zealand Government on the matter. ; AUSTRALIAN CRICKETERS. The counties of. Kent, Lancashire, Middlesex and Surrey have decided not to make matches with the proposed Australian Eleven. Somersetshire considers' that too frequent visits are made by Australians, and assert that i the proposed tour was arranged prior to consulting the English counties. It | urges other counties to oppose the visit., THE SALVATION ARMY. , The Mayor of Eastbourne, where the recent disturbance with the Salvation Army took place, is suing Mr Bram well Booth 'for slander, jin asserting that the Mayor 16oked on while blood flowed in the streets. THE GALE AND WRECKS.; A barque was wrecked at Kinsale, Cork, during the gale, and seven of the crew were drowned. : Grave charges are being made against the life-boat service in con nection with the srecent gale on the south coast of England. Tt is alleged that the crews of the Brighton and Shorehain life-boats refused to face the sea, and watched the drowning of the .crews of the ill-fated vessels, although the latter were close to the land. Further shipping casualties are re ported. The steamer Libeustein sank at Dover and the steamer Eairfield foundered in the Bay of Biscay. In each instance the crew were saved. THE SAMOAN LAND CASE. In the Samoan case of Me Arthur v. Cornwall and cross action the Privy Council dismissed both appeals arid the decree stands affirmed. No costs were allowed. The Court declared that * Cornwall executed a fraudulent conveyance to Manema, also a fraudu lent mortgage to Nelson, and that he left the Islands under highly discredi table circumstances. It finds that the action of Me Arthur was at first im prudent, and subsequently wrong headed in the retention of the land after the decree was issued. That was not justified, but he was not. therefore, disentitled to recover charges and expenses.

THE CRISIS IN BRAZIL.

Lisbon, November 13. Portugal is dispatching a warship to protect her interests m Brazil. . Rto dr J.anfj-o. Niv.m'ici- 13. Tlms UJajonty...oKthe troops . aiid. citizens m Rio Janeiro are opposed to General Fonesca. November 14. The Rio Grande rebels; uuder General Fernandez, have captured Sahtorra.

RUSSIA'S TROUBLES.

St, Petersburg, November 14. A. wide-spread conspiracy has been discovered m Moscow, It was pro posed to agitate, for the establishment of a Territorial Assembly. Sixty members of the nobility, and literary profession, as well as a number of. the upper and middle classes, have beenc arrested on suspicion of being con nected with it. Influenza wirh alarming: mortality is spreading m the famine-stricken provinces. . . Wheat is being exported largeJy m view of the prohibition. Pears of re-1 volt among the peasantry are increas ing.' ; . ■ ;;/ .. , ■ ,; :-

BERLIN BANKING PANIC.

. Berlin, November 14. /Herr Laas, a banker carrying on business m Charlottenburg, has failed. He has confessed to misappropriating four hundred thousand marks, include ing 20,000 subscribed towards the ''Empress Augusta's . memorial and 10,000 of moneys belonging to Prince Frederick Charles' Institute,

THE CAPE CENSUS.

Capetown. November 13. The final census of Cape colony gives the population at a million and a half.

THE NEW ORLEANS LYNCH INGS.

Rome, November, 13. It is reported here that the United States Government will indemnify Italyssfor the lynching of the Sicilians m. New Orleans prison in* March last.

THE PEACE CONGRESS.

Rome, November 14. The Peace Congress has resolved to establish a Peace Bureau m Berne, also to urge the partial disarmament of European armies, and; advocate arbi tration between workmen and em-, ployers with to equalise wealth.

BEBRING'S SEA FISHERIES.

New York, November 14. The close season for the Bearing Sea sealing resulted m a large increase of seals. Poach|ng .and captures are to have exceeded the contract number by five times.

RUSSIA AND THE PAMIR.

Calcutta, November 13. Prince Galitzin has had an inter view with the Viceroy regarding the recent proceedings m the Pamir Plat eau. The Russian Commander re fused to allow Captain Younghusband I to proceed through the passes newly acquired by Russia, and threatened to arrest him unless he left." Captain Younghusband declares that Russians are trespassing, on the .territory belong ing to.China, Afghanistan, and the State of Chitral.

THE EUROPEAN SITUATION.

New Xokk/November 13. : The " New York Times " states that the German Government has secured a monopoly of the supply of war materials from the United States m anticipation of a/J3uropeau war m the spring.

St, Petersburg, INovember 12. The Czar has sent peremptory orders to M. De Giers to return from Paris. New ¥obk. November 14. The monopoly of the United .States \var materials secured by Germany includes = svvorrls, 'aluminum, water bottles, cartridges, , blankets, arid, clothing. '■■"-. THE OHIO AGO ANARCHISTS. The police made a raid on a second meeting of armed anarchists in Chicago, who had threatened to destroy the town by means of dynamite and murder the Mayor and police officers. Later. | In the second raid on the anarchist meeting in Chicago, twenty-six persons were arrested arid disarmed. All the books and flags found in the building were seized. . Steps are being taken to prevent anarchists meeting in Phila delphia, and tins course meets with the general approval of the public.

AUSTRALIAN.

NEW SOUTH WALES POLITICS.

,  Sydney, November 15. Mr J. Lee, Colonial Treasurer and Minister for Railways, addressed a meeting at Gampbelltown last night, He mentioned that the whole of the money borrowed by the colony had b/eeii expended m the construction of reproductive works, which would,, if placed m, the; market, realise more than they cost. TJie capitalist, therefore, had no cause for alarm as to the secu rity. The Government, he announced, had instructed the Railway ! Commis sioners to jmrsue a policy qf retrench and only works absolutely necessary would be proceeded with.

THE JEWISH REFUGEES.

. Melbourne, November 15. Barou Hirsch has assured the Vic torian Agent-General m London that not one single Jewish immigrant would be sent to this cojony, seeing that it was unlikely they would be welcomed.

INTERPROVINCIAL.

Atjcklanw, November 15. The Societies of Auckland intend to establish a fund for the maintenance of sick members of those Societies m the district Hospital and to-day was observed as '•■ Hospital -Sunday." The Societies, m re^al'a, inarched m procession through the principal streets to the City Hall, where addresses "were given by the Mayor, Sir G-. Grey, Mr J. D. Connolly (Ameri-. can Consul), and others m support of the movement, and a collection made on behalf of the fund. The demonstration was witnessed by large crowds of people. Mastekxon, November 14. A novel newspaper action J. J. Smith veis»sT..C. Williams, a claim of £9 for advertising, was concluded this morning, judgment being for defendent, with £8 costs. Williams recently inserted a letter as an advertisement m the " New Zealand Tituts.N," with a footnote " Wairirapa Star" and others please copy. This plaintiff took to be an order Cor the in sertion of the advertisement m his paper, the "Star." T Wellington, November 15 The Hons. Seddon and McKenzie arrived from tho South to day. The letter forwarded by Captain Holm, of the (x. M. .Tucker, to the Government, urging that a jtnan-of-war be sent to search the Solomon Group for traces,of the crew. of the ill-fated barque, Kentish Lass, has been sent to the _ Governor, who, it is understood jis now*in communication on the subject with the Admiral m charge of the Australian Sution. Tho Eight Hours Demonstration Com mittee came out with a credit balance of £76. Oamaiuj, November 14. For some time past the question of rain making has been discussed m. the local press, m consequence of the long spell of comparatively dry weather. To-day a meeting was held to devise means of ex perimenting m the same manner as m Texas. The meeting was largely attended by farmers and others, and after the matter had been pretty fully discussed, a committee was appointed to carry out arrangements for the experiments, and another was appointed to canvass for sub scriptions. Already a large amount of money has been collected. A good deal of interest was taken m the matter, and it is certain that the experiment will be i carried out. A fine shower of rain fell this morning, but this only added to the wish to test whether rain can be produced by artificial means.. , Dunedin, November 15. A rather serious disturbance occurred among some sailors at the wharves last night, and one of them was rather badly cut m several places with a knife. A man named Daniel Casey has been arrested on a charge of unlawfully wounding. j ~ ' The weather for the last two days has been dull and showery,, with intense cold.

Britain and the Colonies

LORD CARRINGTON ON THE COLONIAL OFFICE.

(PEK PRESS ASSOCIATION)

Loxdo^, November 14. Lord Carrington, speaking at Bristol, made a vehement attack on the policy of Lord Knutsford, Secretary of State for, the Golpnies, who, he said, was a living incarnation of the old Downing street regime, which, while repulsing the Australian desire te retain Im perial troops m their pay, now taxes the Australasian colonies to maintain the squadron. He thought it difficult to reconcile this taxation without colonial representation m the British Parliament. Lord Carrington declared that Lord Knutsford's recognition of the precedence of the Admiral on the Australian station over colonial Gover nors shocked colonial loyalty and the precedence was a dead letter as the British authorities were unable to en force it. It- the great British Confedera tion was to remain sttill invincible our worn out Imperial policy must be thrown to the winds, as the continual flouts, jeers and meddling with colonial matters would tend to alienate colonial sympathy for ever. : Later. In the course of his speech, Lord Carrington said the Tories maintained the divine right of the English m Eng land to rule the Empire, while the Liberals maintained th.c political equality of the English everywhere, because the English democracy built -the colonies and the loyalty of the latter vras assured. The "Daily News" warmly. ap proves Lord Carrington 'a remarks. The " Times " considers he has set^a bad example, and looks upoii the. speech as a reckless bid for popularity. The "Standard" referring to it states thpt the frigid cynicism oi the Liberals iro the colonies is notorious. The " Chronicle* considers it a strong partisan speech,

The, " Morning Post' regret* that a rising follower of Mr Gladstone,, with a good colonial record, did not keep m touch with Imperial politics. [Received November 16, 10.25 a.m.] London, November 15. ■ Lord Carrington avowed he was a strong Home Ruler. ' The Tory auto cratic colonial policy must eventually destroy the Empire. When the disin tegration thus brought about caire to be realised the Secretary for the Colo nies would vainly implore the great colonies to assist the Mother Country. The Liberals' must eject the Govern ment, which was held m scorn abroad, and only lived at Homo by political tricks. ' , The " Standard " reminds. Lord Car rington that Mr Gladstone and Lord Granville are largely responsible for the flouts and jeers levelled at the colo -1 nies, and for the cold view taken of the colonial connection by the Liberals. | . The " St James Gazette " describe* Lord Carrington as a "cheeky, whig' peer," and his speech as a " heap of assertions." It maintains that it is Tory principles which have saved the country from the alienation caused by the Liberal policy, and defends Lord Salisbury for refusing to let the Colo nial Parliament assume the power over the regions m Africa that English enterprise has gathered to-the Empire.

Court of Appeal.

[PJBJt PRESS ASSOCIATION,]

Welunotox, • November 16. In the Appeal Court, m the case of the Bank of Australasia v. Reynell, judgment has been giTen for the appellant, with costs on the highest scale ; also those m the lower Court. [This is a case arising out of the late J. B. treason's »fl»irs., The Bank held Reynell's guarantee of Gresson's overdraft for £5000 ; Reynell alleged that he gave guarantee for £50(1 only, and the document was subsequently fraudulently altered to £5000 by Gresson. Reynell by the judgment is held liable for the larger sum.] Leave was given to appeal In the case of Hie Christchurch Finance ; Company v. Black, the judgment was for j the appellant) with costs on the highest scale. Leave to appeal was given. i The Appeal Court has adjourned to December 7, after sitting since Octo ber 19. .. - .

The Trouble in China.

FURTHER OUTRAGES.

[PER PRESS ASSOCIATIOJI.j

Melbochne, November 15. The "Argus" special'at Shanghai wired yesterday that the authorities beheaded two of those taking part m the recent riot and bambooed others, but the actual leaders were screened. The latter to-day paid 11,000 taels as indemnity for the Wuhu outrage aifcl 20,000 taels to the families of -.'me? murdered m Wuh^ich. This action does not close the crisis. Messrs Hon nen and Ax. Jamieson, British Consuls at Ichang and Kukiang respectively, state that the , trouble is probably over for the winter, but will break out again m the spring, and the gunboats which bristle m the Yang Tae'&aqg River are inevitable to maintain peace, Mr EUnneri expresses- the opinion, however, that! a naval demonfctnUion would have been followed by a massacre of European "residents'-'in' Shanghai. The chance of playing Russia against China m the Pamir advance, modified the British policy, and the fear of throwing China into the. . hands cf Russia caused the Marquis of Salis bury to abandon the threatened naval demonstration. Further rioting ha 3 taken place near Foochow. The rebels, womjomiig 15,000, armed, with repoatiug, riticsf sacked the town of Tofrwe a«# de feated the Imperialists every where.

LATEST CABLE NEWS.

HOME AND FOREIGN.

Ifkr press association,] (Received November 16, 10.25 a.m.) AUSTRALIAN CRICKETERS. Londox, November 15. The cricket executives of Lancashire and Yorkshire protest against the visit of an Australian team next year as undesirable, and state that, they will not allow their professionals to play in representative matches. (Received November 16, 10.45 ttfa.\ THE GALE AND WRECKS. The Coroner's jury censured the crews of the Brighton and Shoreham life boats for refusing to go out in the recent gale.

SIR GRAHAM BERRY.

Sir Graham Berry. has, received a request from Melbourne to become a candidate at the next general election.

COLONIAL LOANS.

The London bankers •dffo^ere is little chance of floating the Melbourne Sewerage Loan early m the year, since it will conflict with" the Government loan. They recommend the Board to postpone it for a year and rely m the meantime on local- resources.

ENGLISH ELECTION.

South Walton election resulted m the return of Mr Lambert, Horns Ruler, the figures being—Lambert, 4222 : Butler, Unionist, 3010.

THE MARKETS.

VEX PKESS ASSOCIATION.

Loxdon, November 12, The weekly returns of the Bank of England, published to-day, show the total reserve to be £13,974,000, being an in* crease of £1,374,000 as compared with list week's. The proportion of reserve to liabilities'is 4086. Consols are at 95 ; New Zealand 4 per cent inscribed stock, 101 £; 3h per cent ditto, 92^. Three months' bills ars dis counted at 3d per cent. New Zealand lon^berried wheat is ; active at 46s 6d. For off coast cargoes sellers ask 435, while buyers' %re not in clined to give more than 425. Colonial barley, 31s 6d. Oats, fine quality, 30s ; common sorts, 28s ©d. South Australian wheat is firm at 475. Victorian is also firnr at 46s 6d. Beef shows a decliue of £d per Ib,, Other froaen meat. quotations are un changed. . The New Zealand hemp market is de^ pressed, with a fail of 41 per ton. (Received November 16, 11.30 ft.vi.) London, November 15. The Eng'is'i wheat i»afket shows a, general advance of one hliilliug; the ("outinenal and Americau markets are ajty going up,

THE ASHBtJRTONGITARDIANrIfOHDAY, NOVEMBER i 6, 1801.



Ho/JjOWAy's Ointmknt and Pills,.—t Travellers and Emigrants.—Those whp cross the seas change the climate, but they do not chinge the constitution. The-altered con? ditions of life, the exigencies of travel and other causes render the traveller and emigrant peculiarly liable to diseases*and accidents when far from efficient medical aid.; With these associated remedies at handtlicy may be said to have a,physician always at their call, and they may be certain that situations will be constantly arising m which they will require a ready resource m time of need. The directions for use which accompany each box and pot of Hoiloway's Pills and Ointment I are written m plain and simple language, and are applicable m all cases. Countess 2s, Duchess 2s 4d, Princess 2s Bd, Empress 3s. These Teas are freejfiom any excess of astringenp Ninian Hyslop and Co.'s "Iniperul " Ceylon and Indian Teas are dirept fn m the Tea Plantations—rA'ivt.) ' "Ninian Hyslop and Co.'s " Imperial pure Ceylor and Indian Teas are! the best m the market. —CAdvt.) ! True economy To purchase Countess Tea for two shillings. Free from any cx i ess of stringency



Wanted CASH Advertisements under chis heading not exceeding SIXTEEN : WORDS 1/1. Addresses may be lfft at this Oftice. \ltf ANTED—A lady boarder m a pri * " vate family, three minutes Avalk from Library. For address apply Guar dian Office. - .-. 11 84 A BALL will be held at the Orange Hall, WEDNESDAY, Race Night- Gents, 3s : Ladies free. Refreshments provided. Music by 6. Figom. 11 80 WANTED KNOWN, a special lot of Hearth Rugs at Is lid, 2h 6d and 2s lid ; worth about doable. W. If. Collier. . WANTED to let, Offices m Court Chambers ; also to sell, one two nnd one four-roomed Cottage, and com niorlious business premises m Wakanui Road. Apply H. M. Jokes. 11 57 BROOKE'S Carbolised Scaly Blight Cure is the best of all, bar none. ICE Cream ready at all hours, during the summer months at Flower's. Cough Drops as usual— H. G. Flower, Easfc street. ' W ANTED Known—H. Dudley will sink Deep Wells and supply. Cylinder Pumps and Piping, and guaran tee water to surface at 3s 6d per foot, r- H. Dudley, Moore Street. 6§84 TTfr-ANTKDKnown. -At"TlTeCorner 71 » » now selling Ladiet' French Shof s. 6a lid. See them^— W. H.: Collieb , W'~~ "ANTED~Known—A Beautiful Line ] of Frenph Dress Goods, double width. Is lOid ; original value, 4s. -H. C. S KOER3, MeiforA House. SALE Now On of Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, Music, etc. Great Reductions for Cash.—L. F. Andbewes and Co., Stationers' Hall 10 113 ALL Wool Colonial Tweed Suits to measure; fit and workmanship guaranteed; from 50s cash. Robert Alcokn, Ashburton Clothing Mar£, Siiunders' Buildings. HEEP SHEARS. Having secutecfa Stock of the celebrated 8.8.A.* and its there are very few m the Colony, Shearers are requested to call early.— I Robert Alcorn, Saunders' Buildings. I WANTED Known—A special line of Cashmeres, all shadea, now selling at Is per yard. White Blankets 5s lid per pair.—H. C. Segers, Melford House. ,-- i : '" -: - W^ ANTED Known — Being Over stocked m Corsets, we have r<£- i uced every pair. Ladies from Is 6d Cheapest house m town.—H. C. Seqer!|, Melford HouseL^ .  .... _. intrANTED KNOWN genuine Clearing ' » Sale is going on and the Boots are Roing out. Best value yet offered, ten per cent for cash, the very beat work and repairtnjrdone afe ontje at d J. M. Moison's lown Hall, East Street. WANTED Known.—l have a large stock of Tin and Ironware Goods to select from. Register Grates, Stoves, Portable Boilers, Spouting and Ridging kept m otock.—J. W. Hardley, East • treet. . 6J202 fpO Meet the Times.—l am supplying JL Galvanised Iron Tanks from 30s Upwards, warranted for twenty years, Force pumps, deep well cylinders of j all descriptions. , Inspsctkn invited.— \ J. W. HarplbY; Eas street. 6J201 M^ONEY TO LEND,; upon~Fre^holid , security, m sums to suit bor rowers. Small amounts can be repaid by iiisttilmahts, if so desired. Apply to Mr C W. Purnell, Solicitor, Mont gomery's Buildings. 9 130 WANTED Known.—H. Baibstow has opened those premises m East street n few 'dotsrs below Segers, Draper, as a Furniture Warehouse. Latest designs m Vienna Chairs, and Iron Bedsteads on vi-iw. Having a good titock of well seasoned figured Rimu and K-iuri, he is prt»p{ired to take orders for Furniture to any design. Inspection innted. 11*61 GRASP THIS FACT! ANDREW ORR TJAS JUST OPENED THIBTY DOZEN OF JAY'S FLORENCE Kid (Jloyes PURCHASED AT ABOUT HALF THE USUAL PRICE. Best Six-Clasp Colored or Black, all siz«Sp < formerly sold at 8s 6d, now sold for Ass lid. REMEMBER ALL SHADES AND COLORS AT THESE PRICES AND THE BEST GLOVES MADE.