The Ashburton Guardian. MAGNA EST VERITAS ET PRÆVALEBIT. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1890. JUVENILE CRIMINALS.

Among the many returns laid upon the table of the House during the pre sent session is one dealing with police convictions against offenders under fourteen years of age. This return was procured at the instance of the member for Christchurch North, and is of -more than passing interest, show ing as it does that the children of this colony are not, as a class, so dreadfully bad as a certain type of social reformer would have the public believe ; while it also shows that New Zealand children are not the models of perfection some enthusiasts would paint them. The return embraces the last three years, and deals with the age and sex of offenders, and the class of offence of which they were convicted. In 1887 we find that 225 children, ranging from the age of seven to thirteen years, were convicted of various offences, and of this number 224 were boys ; m the following year, the convictions recorded were 267, of whom 263 were boys; and m 1889 the total was 265, of whom 259 were boys. Thus, m three years, of 757 convictions m the Police Courts. 746 were boys, and 11 only were girls. The class of offences include larceny, breaking and entering premises, mali cious injury to property, burglary, and minor offences. An analysis of the convictions shows that 496 offenders, out of a total of 757, 'were convicted of petty larceny, 74 of malicious injury to property, and 69 of breaking and entering into premises. Tims 639 of the offenders were convicted of serious offences, the principal offence being theft. We gather from this, therefore, that a vast number of New Zealand parents are not careful to instil into the minds of their progeny the commandment "Thou shalt not steal." This being so, it might be advisable if a printed card, bearing these words, were placed m a prominent position m all the State schools, and we commend the sugges tion to the attention of Education Boards and School Committees, who are, m large measure, the guardians of the young. The other offences upon which children of tendery ears have been convicted, m addition to the foregoing, are scarcely worthy of mention, being confined principally to stone-throwing (43 offenders), and such-like offences, which are common to boys of all countries. The return is not so satis factory as we should have liked to see it, as it shows that, on the average, 252 children of tender years are annually convicted before the police courts of charges, the vast proportion of which are of a serious nature. Of course, it can never be expected, under any social system, that there will be an entire absence of juvenile crime, but we think that the number of offences could be very considerably reduced if more parental restraint were exercised, and a little more attention were paid to the teaching of a moral code m our public schools. The child is the father of the man, and if there is a dispropor tion of juvenile criminally, there will be also an increase* m .adult criminal statistics m the cour.se of a few years.

LOCAL AND GENERAL.

The wool clip m the United States for 1880 was 202,000,000 pound?. In Chicago the Irish saloon-keepers are boycotting the breweries controlled by English syndicates. Seven out of every eight loav*H of bread eaten m London are made from foreign wheat. Out of 0,740,928 children m "'the Japanese Empire, 2,800,000 are enrolled m the public schools. Leander McCormick, the millionaire manu facturer of reapers and mowers, his retired from business. He is quite an old man. The Scotch brain is said to average iifty ounces, the English forty-nine, the Hei'man forty eight, and the French forty-saven. Sir James Hector estimates that there is m the nineteen coalfields m New Zealand a store of 444 millioii tons of coal. An electric brake has been devised m Eng land by means of which a train going at the rate of thirty miles an hour can be brought to a standstill m a space of 200tt. The Public Petitions Committee declined to recommend Parliament to grant the prayer of petitioners that certain bequests to church trustees may be exempt from property tax. Bishop Sslwyu, son of the first Bishop of New Zealand, w ho was afterwards translated to Lichfield, has with his wife given £3000 towards the purchase of a large mission ship for work m the .Smith ,Sea Islands, The Representation Act Amendment Bill received the assent of the Governor on Mon day ,and notice has been usnt out to all the Registrars to have tiie rolls ready thirty days ! h&noc. ' Tins French Post Office Department is ex amining a m^w" and original system for dis tributing paper* through the mails. Every publication is to p»-'jyjde the central post oflioo with the list of its Members with ! out wrappers or printed address. At ten years of age a boy thinks his father : knows a great deal j at fifteen lie knows as much as his father; at twenty he knows twice £ws much ; at thirty he is willing to take hie advice; at forty he begins to £hmk his father knows something, after alls, a£ fifty he begins to seek his advice, and at sixty, after his father is dead, he thinks he was the smartest inau that ever lived, ! A paper presented to Parliament show that 9056 lbs of ground olive stones were im ported into the colony, so far m 185 X). Of that quantity 4(5S(> lbs were destroyed m l)ond as not worth the duty imposed m May last. This leaves 4400 lbs -nearly two tons, goiitt into consumption as "pepper," for that was f,bf> purpose for which the ground olive stones wjor^< nnported. American Notes and Qijpj-ies, being asked i Uy ft correspondent why the i^iifft four is i>iiu-sf/«l HII.j and not IV., on"tbe di&io of watC'tt*, jftftswers: "The story runs''that the first clock t^ninbling our own was made m 1370 for the ,CQtt<"4k)rt Charles V., King of France. When Henry yjr;k brought it to him he said that the' njark f i^'Jock by IV. was a mistake, 0n being told by tly? maker that he was wmW, }.ie th,imd,ered out, 'I am never wrong. Tajo; it away and correct the mistake/ From £h#* ittme to this as a tradition, clock and wa^elpjak^ liave invariably used 1111. irsfitoul of tY. ou SlfO dial." For vftftfairies past the town of Artona, formerly 'ko*.vi)/n as Montefortino, m the Ro man Cauipvgana, l^s been a nest of brigands, mi \ go far back aa tihe^.^v .l/)o7, Pope Paul fji« #Jl signed a dcer.ee for i^ ,'lftwolition of i\& pW Ml<l the expatriation,pi .tj^j^i^bi ■ta/nts. 'Init it Wik? never carried into exe(jutif*H, j "Recently, ho^eve*;, ,the Italian Government; %ak acted so vigoro.n«iy (that no fewer than fl';hjrty,-t.hree of these robbers ami assassins 'have fo<mi captured, and are awaii>:#£ their Ui'4, \Sowkfc' ida.l ,may be formed qt number of qiuines imputed to them from the fact that ii\f A^o^fsm^y^H .m a yo»»mP of 100 pages,

Mails per Waihora, close at Bluff at 1 a.m. on Tuesday, 9th hist. Mr E. Kempthorne, successor to Mr R. W . Jenkins, manager of the local branch of the Bank of New South Wales, arrived m Ash burton to-day. At the Wellington Supreme Court to-day Anthony Johnson was sentenced to two yearn for larceny; Albert Norman, robbery of jewellery at Palmerston North, two years; W. Montague and Martin Burns, breaking and entering, two years. In the case of Kdward John Robinson, embezzlement at the Customs, the jury were unable to agree, after being locked up all night, and prisoner was remanded till next sessions. The Trade Protection business carried on throughout the colony by the Mutual Creditors' Association and Wheeler awl Company, Dunedin, together with the Trade Protection and Mercantile and Bankrupty Gazettes, have been acquired by a new company, whose headquarters will be m Christchurch. A "Gazette" will be bub lisheel there after the beginning of next month. Practically the two business have been amalgamated. 1 The following are extracts from a letter as to potatoes sent to England:—" According to promise I write to give you my opinion of the potatoes you brought over m the Duke of Westminster from New Zealan-.1. I must say if they are equal fin quality to the ones I ate about a fortnight ago that there is no doubt about their meeting with a ready sale. The only question is could they be delivered" here at a low enough price to compete with our home produce ; this I am rather doubt ful about, unless very favorable terms could be arranged with the shipowners. There is no doubt that they could be pre served m a thoroughly satisfactory condition throughout the voyage." Licensing laws are older than most people are aware of. In 1495 (so writes Dr Cox, m the "Fortnightly") (11 Henry VII, c. 2), "forasmuch as the kynge's^ grace most entierly desyreth among aljerthly thyngea the prosperitye and restfulness of this his lande and his subjects of the same to live quietly and suerly to the pleasure of God, and accordinge to his laws," it was enacted, in*er alia, that "yt be lawful to ij of the justices of the peace within theyr auctority to reject and put away common ale sellying m townes and places where they shall thynk convenient, and to take surety of the kepers of ale houses, of theyr good behavinge by the discrecion of the sayd justices, and m the same to be advised and agreed at any time of theyr sessions." At the inquiry into the sanitary condition of Dunedin Hospital, the medical witnesses have been giving evidence strongly condemn ing the building as generally unsuitable for an hospital, m its construction, defective ventilation and lighting, and the roughness of the walls, ceiling and floors, which are calcu lated to nurse germs of fevers and septic diseases. One of the witnesses said the authorities were agreed that from twelve to fourteen years was a proper lifetime for a hospital, but some recommended that a hospital should not be built as a solid structure, but only as a temporary concern, which could be swept away after a few years. The condition of the hospital is such that another danger " hospitalism" is added to severe surgical cases. A Berlin despatch says : In medical circles m this city it is thought that the most im portant discovery made m the medical pro fession since Prof. Koch discovered the bacillus of consumption has now come to light. Prof. Fraenkel, one of Koch's assist ants, and Professor Brieger have isolated and found the long searched for cause of diphtheria. Toxalbumen is the name given to the new "germ," and it is described as a snow-white granular body, allied to albumen. When injected into an animal's sore throat (on the white membrane notice able m such cases, for instance), a high fever soon develops and death ensues. The dis tinguished professors referred to claim that after such an experiment the exact symp toms of diphtheria can be readily noted. Toxalbumen is said to be the excretion of a bacillus of diphtheria, and it is obtained by 'filtering liquids containing the Litter's pure culture"though argillaceous earth. "Johnnie," said a prominent mine ope rator to his youngest the other day, "I'll give you a dollar, if you'll dig up the front yard all ready for your sister's new garden." "All right," said Johnnie, thoughtfully; " but I shall have to ask for 25 per cent, of j the coutract price m advance. Not as an evidence of good faith, but for working ! capital." "Work—what do you mean?" "Well, you see, I gues3 I'll just bury the quarter some where, and tell all the boys m the neighbourhood that a pirate hid some treasure round there. When they strike that quarter, they'll make the dirt fly, I can tell you. In that way I can clean up 75 per cent. In fact I " " Well, what ?" "In fact, I don't know but what I can also arrange so as to find that quarter myself. I'll work it just like that salted mine you were telling mamma about unloading on the street last night." And the father wept tears of joy when he thought what a cold day it would be for Jay Gould and Rufus when his boy grew up. At a meeting of the South Canterbury Board of Education yesterday, the chairman stated that information had just come to hand that Mr Edge, of Hunter, was ill, and the school had to be closed until a k'/« ten em was appointed. It was resolved that the case of the Maori children at Temuka be sub mitted to the department, with the recom mendation that something might be done by the Native school section. The Board appointed Mr Wake as head master to the Timaru main school, and Mr Glanville to Bellield school. Mr Blake was appointed as second master to the Timaru main school until after the annual examination. A long discussion took place on a communication from Waimate re Whitcom.be and Tombs, school books. It was resolved —"That the Committee be reminded that the books for use m the public schools must be selected from those procured by the depart ment, and that any interference with the school requisites is likely to be ex tremely prejudicial to the. progress of the pupils, a result which doubtless will become j Bufficiently apparent at the annual exami nations." A meeting of the People's Political Asso ciation was held on Thursday evening m the Christchurch Trades flail, and was fairly well attended, Mr K. Sandford taking the chair. A basis and platform were warmly discussed and passed as follows ': — The objects of the Association shall be:—To promote the enrolment of voters ; to purge the rolls ; to assist m securing the return of members to the House of Representatives pledged to support the platform of the Association. Membership : — All pesons willing to pledge themselves to the platform of the Afsrfat'oli, shall be eligib!* for mem bership, subject, m all cases to approval by the Committee. The platform decided upon was as follows :—The Immediate stoppage of £he sale of Crown lands, and cancellation of (existing provisions for conversion of per petual lease holdings into freeholds ; legisla tion giving the #tate power to compulsory resume the possession of freeholds at a fair valuation, for settlement and subdivision j seamen's representation ; legislation for eight hours as a day's work; special tax on absentee landlords; uniform school books for the colony, published by Government; radical reform m the management of the railways of the colony ; securing the rights tt abo'r ; and to put progressive taxation on land held for speculative purposes. The meeting then adjourned to that day week to consider a code of working rules. T))o. best medicine known is SANDER an SGftffV teUjCALYPTI EXTRACT. Test its eminent powerful effects m coughs, colds, influenza, etc.—-the' relief is instantaneous. Thousands give the most gratifying testi mony. His Majesty the King of Italy, and ikcdjcal syndicates all over the globe are its patrons, Iwi'-d the official reports that accom pany each bottle Mosier, M.D., Professor University, Griefswalii, J^portß : ~ l:he jfjuoalypti Extract pr.9v.eil m'agniticwftfy Icessful m very severe contusiows, tyuisoH, kyvmg, w/dujulb, searings, bjroken ribs, and ifjjrb's." {'•' iNCedfcal Journal," Nov., 1881. lv diseases of %iui kidneys, either active con westion or suppression, (xi^n'm) or albumi, nuria, dropsy, litlmrgy, noW.tng wj,l fMivti m its action Eucalypti Extract. Dcfae*, five to six drops, Mosler, M.D., Professor fcfnjW-sity, Griefswald, reports :—Diphthe, Ha. 'Ton&s^ <OT>tinually coherent presenting ulcers with wiiite exud?^. Cured m four, teen days. Surgical Clinic 01 jfcrr,/ M'lntyrc, College of Physicians and tfuTj»eon«, : Louis—Scirrhus of Breast—Excision kuca yW Extract employed. No swelling, heat, or discbloratooy. (Wed m fburreeu days. , • !":/" " " *

Fruit Growing and Jam Making?.

In an article advocating fruit culture on this coast the Taranaki " Herald " says : —We are indebted to Mr W. K. Hulke for a Kentish paper m which there is an i account of a jam factory which had gj own from a very small concern till the profit last year amounted to £12,140, The factory is at Swanley, m Kent, and covers an acre and a-half of ground. In the first year that Mr Wood started the busi ness he turned out 300 tons of jam ; last year, which was his fifth yaar, he turned out not less than 2000 tons, all from fruits grown m the district. All jams are guaranteed to have no other ingredient besides fruit and sugar. The fruit is taken fresh as it is gathered, and con vertad into whole fruit preserve within two hours. Thus 24 tons of fruit gathered between four and five m the morning, is converted into jam and landed m London by noonday. As the business increased other department were added to the jam factory, which now includes the manufac ture of candied orange, lemon, and citron peel on a colossal scale, pickle making, a fruit cough compound, and confectionery. Everything is now done on the premises, even the making o": glass and earthen jars the printing of the labels, and the making of the cases m which the preserves are sent out, and other trades necessary to the business are all carried on on the spot. The firm have also extensive plantations of strawberries and rasp berries ; altogether having about two ••housand acres of fruit. According to a statement made by one of the firm, the demand for jams, pickles, candied fruit, &c, is considerably on the increase, thus showing that the labouring class are now able to partake of some of the luxuries of life. We have referred to the extensive manufactory to show what may be achieved m this district if those engaged m similar industries have but patience and industry."

Fame, Wealth, Life, Death.

What is fame 1 'Tis the sun-gleam on the mountain, Spreading brightly ere it flies, 'Tis the bubble on the fountain Rising lightly ere it dies, Or, if here and there a hero Be remembered through the years, Yet to him the gain is zero : Death hath stilled his hopes and fears. Yet what dangers men will dare If but only m the air, May be heard some eager mention of their name; Though they hear it not themselves, 'tis much the same. What is wealth ? 'Tis a rainbow, still receding As the panting fool pursues ; Or a toy that youth, unheeding, Seeks the readiest way to lose : But the wise man keeps due measure, Neither out of breath nor base ; He but holds m trust his treasure For the welfare of the race. Yet what crimes some men will dare But to gain their slender share In some profit, though with loss of name or health, In some plunder, spent on vices or by stealth. What is life ? j 'Tis the ear Lilly hour of trial For n life that's but begun ; When the prize of self-denial May be quickly lost or won ; 'Tis the hour when love may burgeon To an everlasting flower ; Or when lusts their victims urge on To defy immortal power. Yet how lightly men ignore All the future holds m store, : Spending brief but golden moments nil m strife ; ; Or m suicidal madness grasp the knife. What is death ? Past its dark, mysterious portal Human eye may never roam ; Yet the hope .stills springs immortal That it loads the wanderer home. Oh, the bliss that lies before us When the secret shall be known, And the vast angelic chorus Sounds the hymn before the fchorne ! What is fame, or wealth, or life '( Past are praises, fortune, strife ; All but love, that lives forever, cast beneath, When the good and faithful servants takes the wreath.

The Potato Blight.

Unquestionably the most important items of commercial news that we have received from the Old World for some time past are those relating to the ravages of the potato disease m Ireland, and some parts of England and Scoiland. So far no hint lias been given of its nature, whether it is an increase of virulence m one of the common diseases—dry rot or wefc rot, both due to fungus growths— or a reappearance of the destructive disease which caused the terrible famines m Ireland and other countries m 1846 and 1847. It appears that no satisfactory explanation was found for the devastating disease of the 40's. Many observers ascribed it to insects, acari, and in fusoria, but these were not always present, and therefore were more likely a conse quence of the disease and not its cause. It is otherwise, says an article m "Chambers' Encyclopedia," with the mould or mildew fungus Botrytis ivfestwis, which is always present, although probably, like other parasites, it generally attacks an already weakened plant. Mr Berkeley, a botanist of the first rank, states :—" The decay of the leaves and hau}m m the potato mur rain is certainly due to Botrytia infeskins, and its appearance m the diseased tissues of the tubers, when exposed to the air, makes it at least probable that it has a close connection with that destructive murrain which m many instances does not appear alone, but accompanied by other diseases. The mould may be traced spreading round the edges of the brown spots on the leaves, and soon destroying the tissues on which it was developed." This destruction results not only from the fungus feeding upon the juicesof the plant, bufc from its obstructing the elaboration of sap anc a}l the processes which m a healthy state take place at the nurface of the leaf, This mildew generally appears first m the leaves, and thence extends to the tubers, but it h?ts. appeared m the tubers of early kinds of which the leaves had died away before the season when the disease breaks out. It is on the under side of the loaf that the Botrytis is found ; its mycelium or roots abound also m the i diseased tubers, which when cut produce an abundant crop of mould from the fresh surface ; and it sometimes vegetates also from the natural surface. The same fungus has been found m the berries of the tomato when diseased, and on the leaves of other plants of the potato family, but never on any other ortler of plants. It }tj said thac the starch cells m the tubers are riot affected by the potato disease, so thai as good potato starch can be made from unsound as from sound tubers. In 3.846, )jowever, but little advantage was taken of tin's faqt, partly from ignorance of it, partly from : 'fear, that the starch might' prove unwholesome; and partly from Want of' machinery to grade the diseased potatoes before they became rotten. A pWiisposiny cause to widespread diseases among cultivated 'planks', it is asserted, is excessive cultivation. Plants. ertensiy,ely cultivated m any district, however successfully they may be cultivated for a time, are sure to fail at last. Then a pwojvle who depend exclusively, or almost exclusiyejy, for their subsistence upon one such p^lanty doom themselves to terrible privations when that failure does occur,!?

Tinwald Town Board.

The monthly meeting of the Tinwald Town Board was held on Friday, August 29th, 1890. Present: —Messrs Scott (chairman), Williams, and Gates. The action of the Chairman m accepting 1 the tender of J. Griffin for shingling footpaths m McMurdo and Thompson streets, and forming footpath from Carter's terrace to traffic bridge, was approved. Mr Hesel tine wrote asking the Board to put down kerbing m front of his premises, and offering to pay half the cost of same. The Board was of opinion that datum pegs should be put down before any further permanent work to footpaths was done, and the Clerk was instructed to see Mr Heseltine m the matter. Mr J. F. Butler wrote asking the Board to open up continuation of Wilkin Street.—The Clerk to interview Mrs Butler and report to next meeting. The matter of forming and shingling part of Thomp»on Street from Graham's Road to Johnston Street, and part of Agnes Street from Thompson Street to McMurdo Street,as asked for by Mr T, W. Williams at lasfc meeting of the Board, was left over till next meeting for the new Board to deal with. After pass ing accounts for £12 19s the Board adjourned.

CORRESPONDENCE.

[We do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions expressed by our correspondents.]

THE PRICE OF MEAT.

TO THB EDITOR. Sir,—l am sorry to trouble you, bufc when! see such misstatemenfcs as appeared m your paper lasfc night, signed " Father of a Family," I think it my duty to myself and family, and to the public, to correct the misrepresentations, as they are very misleading. *' Father of a Family " says butchers have risen beef 7d and steak 7£d. This is not true. If you will kindly look up prices as advertised, you will find that the little part of a beast called rump steak is charged 7d per lb, and all other steak the same price as heretofore. Your correspondent would like the public to believe that we are charging 7d per lb for roasting beef, which is not according to fact. We have risen sirloin cuts from 5d to 6d, and, with the exception of a few prime cuts off the ribs, all other cuts are, if anything, lower. He also says that 8001 b beasts were sold m the yard for £5 ss. I may state with truth that this is incorrect, for there has not been a beast offered at either of the local yards that weight for at least two months, with the , exception of one heifer that I bought at last Tinwald sales, for which I paid £9, and it did not weigh 8001 b. Now, Sir, see ! the difference between £5 and £9. Your correspondent again says "the pick of sheep were sold at 12s 6d, average weight 601b5." I will ask auctioneers, dealers, j or any one who is a judge, to bear me out when I say there were no pens of fat sheep m the yards weighing anything l like 601bs, with the exception of some pet j sheep, which were sold at about 20s to 24s each, and one large line of sheep nearly "freezers," but not weighing 601bs, for which the owner declined to take 17s per head at auction. I think ifc is a great; pity that persons writing letter to the newspapers do not confine themselves a little to facts. I would like " Father of a Family," with his family, or anyone he chooses, to come to my place of business, and I will prove to them that for over two months I have not made enough out of butchering to meet my expenses. I would be glad to sell or let my business to "Father of a Family" at a very small price.—l am, etc.. James Taskbr. P.S.—Since writing the above, I have killed the beast which I stated could not go SOOlbs. It weighs just 8081bs m the dressed carcase.—J.T.

PERSEVERANCE.

One of the principals secrets of success is pluck. _ Where that is lacking, other qualifications are of indifferent service. The habit of giving-up spoils many a career that tenacity and perseverauce would render fruitful and creditable. A resolute adherence to the idea that victory is a matter of surmounting one obstacle after another, of rectifying mistakes and learning by experience, will do more for a man than any of those fine theories of avoidance and non-resistance to which so much value is often attributed. Our system of civilization is not favorable to schemes of endeavor that include the possibility of despair or surrender m any emergency. Its prizes are for the aggres sive and determined spirits that quickly re cover from strokes of misfortune, and go onward again, undismayed and uncom plaining. In the life of every man there are seasons of special tribulation that de mand special courage and fortitude, and it is his duty to be prepared for them. They constitute an appointed part of the struggle m which he is engaged, and upon his fidelity m dealing with them depends the issue of that struggle. To act a brave and steadfast part is to lighten the burden and to gain strength instead of losing it. The most useless of all practices is that of quarreling with fate; the man of success accepts the situation, _ whatever it may be, and tightens his armour for further conflict.

The Strikes.

The Melbourne correspondent of the " Ofcago Daily Times " writes : — What about the prospects of a settle ment? That can only come from the Trades Hall. And which side is likely to win? The masters. They will fight to the bitter end. The question at issue is not wages or hours. It is tndes unionism y employers. The " complete boycott " is on its trial. The officers were distinctly told by the owners, "If you join the Trades Hall we cannot listen to you." To which the officers replied, " Without i Trades Hall assistance we cannot fight you." And having joined the Trades Hail th* officers are assisted all along the line. Where a strike is necessary for their assistance a strike is ordered; where a levy only is necessary the levy is made. But t]ie owners, are determined at last to see. out the complete boycott. They will fight the thing down, if possible. There are two ways of doing it. One is to get non-union labor to fi]l the shoes of the men who strike. If this cannot he done, the second is to starve out the strikers. Then the battle is narrowed down to the simple pomt—which side has the longest purse. But it has not come to fcliis point yefc. In Sydney the owners are beating the strikers. There the shipping firms have each an enclosed wharf, and non-union labor can be protected while at work. In Sydney, therefore, the owners have been fairly successful m getting their vessels loaded and discharged. In Meibourne", Adelaide, and Brisbane, however, the majority o£ the boats have had to be laid lip, though not all of them.

Holloway'vS Pills—The Great Need— The blood is the life, and on its purity our health a.s well as our exiftence depends"} These pills throughly cleanse the vital fluid ftqin all c.outaminatjqns, an_d fey that ij^an^ Strengthen and invigorate tha whole system, healthily stimulate sluggish organs, repress over-excited action, and establish the cir culation and secretions throughout every Siort of the body. The balsamic nature of ollay s Pills exercises marvelous power m giving tone tq debilitated and nervous con stitutions. These pilis remove alloorb r structions, both m the bowels and elsewere, add are, on that accoun , much sought after for promoting regularity of action m young females and delicate persons who are naturaily weak, or hare from some cause be qomeso

FRENCH WOMEN.

As married women, they fight the battle of life so well that m numberless instances their clearsightedness, econo my, and energy have saved their families from ruin. Their capacity for business and every kind of industry suited to their physical strength has, without doubt, caused a great deal to be expected of them which they might have escaped had they been other wise -constituted. Thus the wives of small tradesmen very frequently do all the book-keeping m addition to their household duties; the wives of peasants work m the fields from sunrise to nightfall; and the wife of the mechanic, or town labourer, is expected to bring nearly as much money as himself to the house by making, artificial flower making, char ing, or some other occupation. But this is not all. It is upon his wife that the town workmen relies when he is out of employment. With all women, solicitude for their children is the grea* incentive to exertion. The Paris work man often profits by this law of nature, and he would probably be worse off if he had no family. It is no rare thing for a French beggar to urge as a reason for helping him that he was no wife to rely upon when he is out of employ ment.

Labor Questions

[per press association.] London, September 3. At a meeting of the Union Labor Council to discuss the question of pecuniary assistance to Australia the attendance was only scanty, the leaders being conspicuous by their absence. Tillett, who was amongst those present, said he preferred to see the shipowners organised, ;»s it would enable them to appreciate Unionists better. A Finance Committee was appointed, with Tillet Chairman, Burns Treasurer, and Mann Secretary. The Unions are competing for the honor of heading the list of contribu tions. The dockers, having spent all but the funds which are invested, were compelled to borrow to remit £1000. j The shipowners request the Ocean Companies to abstain from taking any coastal traffic pending the settlement of the strike ; also that the Unionists should not be employed m loading or unloading m London. It is expected dockers will refuse to unload Home ward vessels m retaliation for this action on the part of the owners, but the latter intend to act on the defen sive, and "will not attack the Unionists until themselves are attacked. London, September 4. At the Trades' Congress at Liver pool Burns announced that he had received a telegram from Melbourne that the dispute had become a general lock-out, and that money was urgently needed. The London dockers will place sub scription boxes outside the churches where special sermons are delivered, and will make collections where pos sible. Boxes are to be placed m streets and public-houses. Ten thou sand bills appealing for assistance have been posted throughout the metropolis. Workman's, Political, Friendly, and Temperance Societies throughout the United Kingdom will hold meetings m all large towns. Union leaders m America and of the Bourse de Travail of Paris have been invited to assist Australia. The Executive of the Shipping Federation will appoint Committees at out-ports and establish agencies throughout the Kingdom and Colonies. It is intended to deal with the local strikers by laying up ships, the owners of which will be indemnified by the Federation. There have been many fresh adherents to the Federation- The seamen and firemen at Liver pool are organising to resist the Ship owners' Federation. The dockers at Liverpool are agi tating for eight hours. The Labor Council of the port of London appeals to all trades to assist the Australian strikers. Sydney, September 4. The greatest difficulty is experienced by shipowners m getting or keeping crews for their steamers. The Union Company engaged a number of sea men, but found one or two Unionists among them, who succeeded m induc ing others to clear out. Something approaching a riot oc curred this afternoon. The free labor bureau was rushed and wrecked; one man was so badly injured that he had to be taken to the hospital. Three hundred special constables were sworn m, to-day, A great number of no-union laborers did not appear at their work to-day, owing, it is alleged, to fear of maltreat ment. During the last few days large num bers of revolvers have been sold, and one firm alone state they have disposed of 700. "* Large forces of mounted infantry and troopers .are massing m the city from country districts to reinforce the local men m maintaining order, Another huge demonstration of those on strike will tal^e place on Saturday, when it is estimated fully 150,000 will parade the principal streets. Two of those who had taken part m last night's disturbance have been sentenced to seven days' imprison ment, and another to three months. Adelaide, September 4. Ihe Maritime Council has submitted a scheme, drawn up by it, for the establishment of a Board of Concilia tion, to the shipowners. It was pro posed that the parties interested should be everdy represented, and all disputes hfi settled by independent arbitrator. The shipowners declined to entertain the scheme.

Auckland, Sept. 4 A conference of importers and Labour Umon authorities was held to-day to consider the difficulty *egardlng. the food supply, mie most important suggestions ware, first, that importers and the public could appeal to the Union Comply to secede temporarily from the Australasian Shipowners' Association, pending decision of the question at S" by the Auckland merchants should combine to charter vessels for the conveyance of 3EXST fche *»*•' No=i wpsttl^: isrz si members hav e decidecl to supprfc %

merchants who make an independent stand, and who sell their goods to Unionist 5 and non-Unionists alike. Wellington, September 4 The Railway Commissioners have issued excerpts from the regulations under which employees are engaged, for the informa tion of the public. Rule 19 says— " Government retains the right to assign such persons the performance of any other duties which the business of the depart ment may render necessary." The Com missioners are giving permanent employ ment to those who replace men who have declined duty. Messrs Cottrell and Co., carriers, who are threatened by the Harbour Board with proceedings for damage? for breach of contract, say they will hold the Maritime Council responsible for any damages m which they may be cast by the action of the latter m withdrawing the men. Cheistchurch, September 3. Business at Lyttelton is much m the same position as it was yesterday. There are more men employed on the U.S.S. Company's steamers than ther« were yes terday. One peculiar phase m regard to working steamers is m connection with the s.s. Wakatu, a coastal steamer, owned m Kaikoura. The Wakatu arrived from Wellington at 2.30 o'clock this morning, and at eight o'clock Captain Wills wanted to work his ship. The wharf laborers' casual hands refused for some reason. Captain Wills has a crew on board of all Union men, and there is no infringement of the principles of Unionism m regard to the ship, so far as the captain can see. The New Zealand Shipping Company's Kaikoura sailed for London yesterday morning. The ketch Huon Belle sailed for Wel lington this morning with a cargo of produce. Everything is very quiet m Lyttelton. The platelayers who were dismissed by the Railway Commissioners have not yet been for their money, though it is ready for them. s The Waihora was seen from the Heads last evening, and was expected to reach Port about eleven o'clock. It is understood that the Lumpers Union of Lyttelton have now decided not to allow their members to work any ship or steamer m Port. All the trade of Lyttelton is, therefore, now dependent on non-union labor. The New Zealand Shipping Company's s.s. Duke of Westminster was working coals all day yesterday and up to mid night last night. She sails for Wellington at 8 a.m. to-morrow. There were two gangs working on board the barque Serica all day yesterday, and good work was dons. The non-unionists who have been work ing m the port went to Christchurch by the 5.15 train yesterday. There was no crowd down to see them off, and no demonstration was made. The s.s. Tekapo was a full ship at 3.45 p.m. yesterday, and half-an-hour later she was taken out into the stream ready to proceed to Sydney to-day. She has a full complement of officers, seamen, and fire men aboard her, and a competent staff of stewards. The s.s. Jubilee finished taking m her outward cargo at 4 p.m. yesterday, and at 5 p.m. sailed for Wellington, her next port of call. She took a large cargo of produce hence. His Worship the Mayor of Lyttelton sent the following telegram to Wellington yesterday to the Hon. the Defence Minister :—" Understand that application will be made for Permanent Militia to preserve order. Emphatically assert that there is no necessity for their services. Please consult me before doing so.-— (Signed J. B. Milsom,-Mayor.") Dunebin, September 3. As showing how they are meeting the difficulty, the Union Company point to the fact that the Tekapo has just dis charged five hundred tons of coals at Lyttelton, and loaded two thousand tons of cargo, making the fifth steamer loaded there since the strike commenced.

Latest Telegrams.

(Received September 5, 10.40 a.m.) Melbourne, September 5- Premier Gillies, m reply to Mr Playford, Premier of South Australia, thinks it is undesirable to take any action for the purpose of discussing the formation of Conciliation Boards during the present contention. When the dispute is settled then it will be time enough to discuss the matter calmly,

Wellington, September 5. Offers of help m produce and teams are being received from country settlers. Laery and Company's employees volun tarily ask to be placed on half-pay. The Knights of Labor passed resolu tions sympathising with the strikers, and censuring the Union Company for joining the Shipowners' Association, and men who have not obeyed the Unionist's call, and advocating arbitration. Dunedin, September 5. The compositors m the " Evening Star" news room have voted £10 from the " •hapel " funds m aid of the strikers.

TELEGRAPHIC

HOME ANITfoREIGN. [PER PKESS ASSOCIATION.] London, September 3, It appears the impersonation of Prince George of Wales by a midship man was merely done as a hoax, and not with any criminal intent. Mr John Ward, Secretary of the New Zealand Colonisation Company, is dead. The "Times " favors McPhee's search for traces of Dr. Leichardt, the Aus tralian explorer, m preference to a wild goose Antarctic expedition. The Grand Lodge of England has recognised the Grand Lodge formed m Tasmania, but has refused & similar request of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand, because Masonic bodies of the colony had not agreed on the question. New York, September 3. The Central Single Tax League has been organised m New York. Henry George has declined to be come a candidate for Congress,

AUSTRALIAN

Syj.ney, Sept. 4. i A draper named Jamieson made an application to-day to be admitted to see a prisoner m Darlinghurst Gaol. His request was granted, and on being taken to the ma,n's cell, lie suddenly drew a revolver and fired two shots at him,, neither of which took effect. No reason has been assigned. A scene took place m the House of Assembly this evening, when the Editor of a recently established weekly newspaper was summoned before the House for stating m his paper that several members of the House had been bribed to pass the Broken Hill Water Supply Bill. One member stated that he had been offered a bribe, ai\d the editor asserted that the infor mation .contained m the article was true, but at the same time he declined to mention the names of those mem bers to whom bribes had been offered. The House this evening is discussing a motion to discharge.' the matter, from tjhe Qvtfer Paper,

Melbourne, September 4. The China Traders' Insurance Com pany and Southern Insurance Com pany have entered an action against ti:o !>;:;v!i;isers of the wrecked ship Capo Verde, which sank off Gellibrand Lighthouse on June 23rd, after being m collision with the ship lolanthe, claiming the sum of £35,000 a« damages for defendant forcibly pre venting plaintiffs from obtaining pos session of the cargo. Defendant has entered a counter claim for £7000, on the grounds that plaintiffs committed tsespass, and that lie had held the goods for salvage. An investigation of the affairs'of the Fourth Industrial Building Society and^ General Mutual Investment Society, of which John Bellin, of the well known firm of Bellin, Son, and Duncan, auctioneers, is head, disclose the fact that the sum of £9500 is missing, Bellin's liabilities amount to £70,000, of which £40,000 is secured. He admits taking money belonging to the Societies mentioned, and a criminal information has been laid against him. Hobabt, September 4. Arrived—7 a.m., R.M.s. Tongariro, from Plymouth via the Cape. She has forty passengers for Australian ports, and 105 for New Zealand. The Tongariro left again for Wellington at 4 p.m.

INTERPROVINCIAL

Auckland, September 4. The trial of William Black, charged with the murder of Robert Streeter at Gisborne, was concluded at the Supreme Court to-day. The jury returned a ver dict of "Not guilty," and the prisoner was therefore discharged. When the trial of Black was resumed at the SupremeOourt this morning, Mr Wil liamson addressed the jury for the prose cution. He was followed by Mr Bees, who called no evidence for the defence. Mr Justice Conolly commenced to sum up at three o'clock, and dealt very exhans tively with the evidence, his address occupying two hours and a half. The prisoner, who during the whole day had listened with great attention to the addresses, collapsed when the jury were retiring. He fell from his seat m the dock to the floor and moaned heavily, and when he recovered he collapsed into a dead faint. He was carried into the court yard, but when they returned, aftor being absent for nearly an hour, Black, ap parently m a half unconscious state, was almost carried into the dock and sup ported m a standing position by two warders, whilst the Judge gave the order for his discharge from custody. [ Dunedin, September 4, At the (Supreme Court to-day, John. Kay Waters and Adam Elliott, alias Stewatt, pleaded not guilty to an indictment charging them with conspiracy. This case arose out of the discovery of a still m Walker street, m which a man named Donnelly was found m custody, having been placed there by Elliott, whUe Waters informed the Commissioner of Customs. The two men afterwards went to Inver cargill, where apparently the same tactics were to have been pursued. Both were found "Guilty," and the jury recora~ mended Elliott to mercy. Mr Justice: Williams sentenced Waters to two years? imprisonment, expressing regret that he could not make the sentence heavier. Elliott was sentenced to six months' im prisonment.

Latest Cable News.

HOME AND FOREIGN.

[per press association.] (Received Sept. 5, 10.40 a.m.), SILVER. Melbourne, September 5. Tenders for purchase of 225,000 oza silver from Broken Hill proprietary mine have been obtained by Union Bank at 4s 7d pet- oz. *

A SUBSTANTIAL COMPANY.

The Trades Hall Committee state that the credit balance of assets is over 444,000.

TO-DAY'S TELEGRAMS

[per press association.] llailway Slip, Wellington, September 5. It is stated here that the slip on the Gorge line cannot be cleared by Christmas. The permanent way contractor laid rails nearly that far, but can do nothing more till the slip is cleared. It is considered there is no chance of the line being opened this year. A nine-roomed house at Aurora Terrace m course of erection, was partly burned down last night. The house was empty and locked up, but a fire was lit during the day to meb glue. The contractors have a building risk of £500 m the Colonial.

PARLIAMENTARY

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. THURSDAY,~SEPTEMBER 4. AFTERNOON SITTING The Council meb at 2.30. REPRESSIVE LEGISLATION. Dr Pollen, m moving for leave to introduce a Bill, intituled an Act to Amend the Criminal Law Relating to Violence, Threats and Molestations, explained that the Bill was exactly similar to a measure introduced by the Govern ment and passed m the Legislative Council m 1885, and dronped by the Government m the Lower House. In view of the recent Whiteombe and Tombs boycott, he thought \h was time the law was altered. The Bill wus introduced and read afirsfe lime, and the second reading set down for that day fortnight. MISCELLANEOUS. The Stratford County Bill was read a third time and passed. The Paliee Offences Act Amendment Bill, regulating the transit of traction engines along roads, was read a second time. MUNICIPAL. TheMunievpal Corporations Act Amend ment Bui was committed ' Clause 2, relating to Borough Councils CQKQNSIRS' IN QUEsTSi The report of the Conference on the The Council adjourned at 4.5 p.m.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

(Conclusion of Wednesday's sitting,) COMMITTEE OF SUPPLY. Inspector and Superintendent; of Benches of the Government Insurance JJemrtment, £,00, was reduced by £45. Local agencies, £5275. -Agreed to. 2*fer chai'ges, £'28,000.-Passed. Public Trusts Office £am.-&mnS\ The Mou E, Mrtehelson said it wag the

THIS ASKBUBTON GUARDIAN, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1890.



Public Notices. B H SE V M 0 U R " SURGEON DENTIST, 215, Colombo Street (new Buildings near Corner of Gloucester Street.) ESTxVBLTSHED 3869 SCALE OF CHARGES : Extraction. 2s 6d per tooth ; Fillings. 5s per tooth. A reduction made where a number require attending ARTIFICIAL TEETH j The charges for Artificial Teeth are mnde with a view to strict economy, regulated by such circumstances as cases present, or such materials as v tients prefer. Par ticulars given on pit ation. Consulta tion free. Nitro ') ide Laughing Gas) administered who .red, Attendance .m. to 6 p.m 15 CcioMTio C;ryy-?mjRCH. \ NDREW ABR'S IS. NDREW ÜbRS GREAT m % £ AN IN UAL SAL.JS OK G > % DRAPERY rt * > H CLOTHING v „ r AND 4 MOTS £ . m Will Coii.mencb w W Saturday, July sth The greatest BARGAINS jd ever seen m Aehburon. »«| » SEE HANDBILLS. ? , ANDREW ORR. . SPECIAL_ NOTICE CALL AND SEE THE GRAND DISPLAY OF BOYS' YOUTHS', AND MESS CLOTHING MERCERY, HOSIERY, BLANKETS, HUGS, FLANNELS, HATS, AND CAPS, Ac. npHK largest and best assorted Stock m I the District to select from, which for Value, Variety, and excellence of Manu facture, we stand unrivalled. MEASURE "TVKPARTMENTS EASURK LJ EPARTMEXTS UEW TWEEDS AND COATINGS F t i)i.c approaching Season To Hand. SOLE AGENTS for Wertheim's iafai«lt and imjn-ovedHAND and TREiDLK SEWING MACHINES. N E W Z E A I A N D CLOTHING FACTORY W. H WEBBER, j Manager.



gHfaim ,ii M nii -"■ .iti ! .i.imniiiViMMi"-^ —"""*"" Wanted. "CASH Advertisements under this heading not exceeding SIXTEEN WORDS 1/-. Addresses may be left at this Oilicn. "VTEW linos m Ton, Sots, Fancy China, i\| and Glassware, Photo Albums and Fancy floods.-- 11. M. Jon us. TJIXPKRI.ENCHD Cook wants en IJJ "ftgement on Farm or Station, good Baker. Apply "Cook," "Mail, Office. 93 STOP That Cough—Flower's Cough ! Drops are the best—see that the name is stamped on every ona. H. G. Flower, Confectioner, East street. "ORESENTS. -If you want good value I for money go to Melford House. Extra value now being given away m presents. Everything marked cheap.— H. C. Segkrs. V / ANTED KNOWN—The Strong- VV Wear Boot for Men, Women and Children can only be had at W. H. Collier's. \iTANTED Known.—Ladies' Hone, YV with Silk Toes and Heels, Is 6d pair. Only to be obtained at "The Cornkr. '' _______ BOOTS, BOOTS. "Keep your feet Dry and save Doctor's Bills. I have a splendid Stock m now. Try ny Double-soled Shooters. Every pair Guaranteed. Robbrt Alcorn, Ashbur ton Clothinj? Mart, Saunders' Buildings. W" A N T~E D Known.—For cheap Drapery, Millinery, Boots, Clothing, &c, go to Melford House. Good substantial presents now giving away.—H. _&_Sjeqkrs 1 WANTED every man m the County to have a suit of the Ashburfco Tweeds.—Robkrt Alcorn, Ashburton Clothing Mart, Saunder's Buildings. EVERY Customer will receive a handsome present by purchasing their Drapery, Millinery, Clothing, &c, at Melford House. Cheapest House m town for first-class Drapery. —H. C. Sbqers WANTED Known — The Cheapest Shop to buy Tinware and Gal vanised Iron goods m Ashbarfcon, is at W. F. Hannaford's, Burnett Street. A arge stock kept on hand. Tin and Iron ware goods made and repaired with dcs patch