The Ashburton Guardian. Magna est Veritas et Prævalebit. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 11, 1890. LABOR UNIONS.

The gigantic organisation of labor for defensive purposes now taking place is a justifiable and commendable act. In the various trades and occu pations there are serious grievances which cry for redress, and any legiti mate efforts put forth by the wage earners to impi'ove the conditions of their employment will meet witli hearty sympathy from the public, of whom the operatives themselves form the great bulk. Long hours, poor pay, " sweat ing," the " truck " system, and similar growing evils must be firmly stamped out, if the condition of the laborer is to be anything better than that of social serfdom. So long as the labor ing classes confine themselves to re dressing these evils, and go about the task in an intelligent and systematic manner, there can be little doubt of their success. But, unfortunately, there is danger that the more extreme leaders of the movement will bring dis credit on fellow-workmen "ky re ort ing to strong measures upon matters of mere detail, the settlement of which requires temperate speech and a conciliatory attitude. Two instances of this character have recently occurred in connection with the Wharf Laborers and Seamen's Union. At one of the ]S rew Zealand pony recently a steamer, oil the point of sailing, was compelled to engage a non-Union hand for the simple reason that a "Unionist was not procurable. In taking this step the owners of the vessel ran a grave risk of provoking a strike'among the rest of their employes, not only on the vessel concerned, but upon all vessels belonging to the Company. Fortu nately this danger was averted by a Union seaman arriving at the last moment and shipping instead of the non-Unionist. AtHobart on the 6th inst. the wharf laborers refused to dis charge the steamer Waihora because, it is alleged, the stevedore favored certain Union hands as against others. This momentary " strike " was, fortunately for all parties concerned, settled by the prompt dismissal of the stevedore. In neither of these cases does it appear there was cause for the threatened paralysing of the shipping trade. In neither case were the owners of the steamers responsible, but had the threatened strikes occurred, they would have been the principal sufferers. It is not, we should hope, the intention or aim of Trades Unionists to encourage or support friction of this frivolous character between employer and em ployed. Had these threatened strikes not been averted in their incipient stage by the employers giving way on the spot, serious loss and inconvenience would have resulted to consignors and consignees of goods, and passenger.?. These persons were in no way responsible for the favoritism shown by a stevedore to a section of the strikers, nor for the extraordinary circumstances which compelled the I owners of a vessel to engage the first hand available during an emergency. From what can be seen on the surface, the only persons to blame in the matter were the Unionists, whose rules are of so inflexible a nature as not to bend J in cases of emergency. Nevertheless, the seamen and wharf hands, being masters of the situation, had it within their power to cause wide-spread in convenience and loss to ship-owners, the trading community, and the travelling public' Had the question in either instance been one of practical protest against the oppression of em ployers, this would have been a suffii cient justification for the action of the men; but, reading between the lines, there was no such justification, and if Trades Unionism is to be put to such uses, there is a danger of the servant becoming a greater tyrant than the master. But, we trust, the two instances referred to are to be in the jjioye enlightened future the exception

and not the rule of action; and that arbitration and practical common sense will bebroughtto bear by Unionists in similar cases, should such arise. If the Seamen or Wharf Laborers Unions have no rule to .provide for the toler ation of simple infringements of their usages until they can be settled amicably between the employers and themselves, they should lose no time in getting such a rule passed—that is if they wish to" have the sympathy and assistance of the public with them in their legitimate struggle to secure a " a fair clay's pay for a fair day's work." Unless they do so they will assuredly lose ground, and will be looked upon with ridicule by those who would willingly be their best friends.

LOCAL AND GENERAL

Labour prophets' predict that next sum mer will be one of strikes all over Europe.

The Bible was translated into six new' languages last year.

Coaches on the Prussian State railways are generally heated by steam. A clock at Rouen, Prance, runs fourteen years without winding.

In Holland blindness is rarer than in an' other European 'country. :

Emm Pasha has entered the service of Germany, in Africa,, at a salary of, £10,00 a year. 4 ;

The Berlin Labour Conference decided to prohibit the workingof 12-year-old children.' It is stated that a railroad is to be built from Jerusalem to a point on the coast of Palestine.

The " Post" urges that £25,000 should be devoted to the representation of the Colony at the Chicago Exhibition." ':

A man has been arrested in Melbourne on a charge of paying, his .honeymoon* expenses with valueless ,cheques , . _> 5

The influenza visited Greenland last May in an epidemic form before it hadbeenheard of by the rest of the world. ; ; ' r

Mr Spurgeon's church received .310 new members on their baptism ast year. J The total membership is now set down as 5354.

Seventy English Roman Catholics, includ ing the Duke of Norfolk and the Bishop of Clifton, have started on a pilgrimage to Palestine. -

While the Van Tassels were preparing'for a balloon ascent in Brisbane, a pole used for the purpose of getting the balloon in position fell and killed a boy named Reid. , >

An old liish prophecy declares that, when an O'Doherty rules in Deny and an O'Donnell in Raphoe, Ireland will be free. Dr O'Doherty is now * Bishop of Derry, and Dr O'Donrell Bishop of Raphoe.

An independant is a man who leaveß the other party to join our party. A renegade is a man who leaves our party to join the other. An offensive partisan is a man who belongs to the other party and sticks to'it.

The "Taieri Advocate" hears that al* though he has not yet announced any definite opinion on the matter, Mr J. 0. Buckland has an eye on the Taieri seat at the general election.

A political speaker accused a rival of " unfathomable meanness," and then, rising to the occasion, said, "I warm him not to persist in his disgraceful course, or he'll find that two can play at that game !"

The Attorney-General of Kansas says, concerning the effect of Prohibition : "1 he county gaols throughout the State are com paratively empty, and rhe number of convicts in the penitentiary is growing less."'

It cannot be too deeply impressed on the mind that application is the, price to be paid for mental acquisitions, and that it is as absurd to expect them without it as to ex pect a harvest where the seed has not been sown.

Daughter—"Pa, RUr Slim and I were dis cussing which was the preferable, 'he will go,'or 'he shall go.' What do you say?" Pa (looking at his watch) —"As it is J 1.30 o'clock, I should say 'he must go'was the correct expression.

The ship Andola, from London to Mcl bourne, encountered a fearful gale in lat. 41.J0 south, 10G east. She shipped a tre mendous sea, which knocked the crew down, washed them about the decks, and carried one seaman overboard, a German aged 40.

A gentleman had five daughters, all of whom he brought up to become useful and respectable characters in life. These daughters married one after another, with the consent of their father. The first married a gentleman )>y the name of Poor, the second a Mr Little, the third a Mr Short, the fourth aMr Brown, the fifth aMr Hogg. At the latter her sisters with their husbands were there, and the old gentleman said to the guests : '' I have taken pains to educate my daughters, that they might act well their part in life ; and tcom their advantages and improvements, I fondly hoped that thoy would do honor to my family- I find that all my pains, care, and expectations have turned out nothing but a Poor, Little, Short, Brown, Hogg."

Mr Walker addressed a meeting of about thirty of his constituents at Methven on Tuesday evening, and spoke for about an hour. At the conclusion of his address Mr Allington proposed a vote of thanks to Mr Walker, expressing also the confidence of the meeting in him, and a regret- that, owing to the regU^ageinent of the electoral districts, lie wouunuTrstand again as their rej^resentative. This was seconded by Mr Batty, and carried by acclamation. Mr Walker expressed his regret that he would not again be able to represent this part of the district, but said that should he be elected for another district he would always bear in mind the interests of Methven. After a vote of thanks to the Chairman (Mr McMillan) the meeting separated.

The Ashburton Lodge, No. 20, 1.0. G.T., held their anniversary tea meeting and concert in the Oddfellows' Hall last 'even ing. The tea meeting began at six o'clock, at which time Bro and Sis>ter McKee, the caterers, were ready with a very excel lent repast, to which about 200 paid honor. After the room was cleared the concert com menced, opening with an excellent played piano duet in D, a very difficult thing, by Diabelli—difficult at least for one of the players, little Miss Ethel Kelly, but the child acquitted herself wonderfully well, and is no discredit to her teacher, who played her secundo—Mr J. H. Brooks. The singers were Mrs Burfoot, Mrs Barron, and i Misses Kidd, Steele, and Berg, anil Mr Kersal, all of whom received the applause they merited. Miss Simmons' violin solo, " Home, Sweet Home," a very pretty but difficult setting, was loudly applauded, as was also the violin duet played with her father in the second part. Mr Potter was as usual very happy in his recitations, and Messrs Cullen ami Matthews -kept the audience amused for a time with negro comicalities. The Laghmor Highlanders gave a couple ot rousing reels, after the first of, which Mr Donald McLean went through the Highland fling, a performance which said much for his power of endurance. It is seldom indeed that a dancer of Mr McLean's years is met with able to stp through a reel as ho goes, and to give the " fling" in full immediately after, with only a few seconds of breathing time. Mr A. McKenzic also danced a flijig, and for encore gave a few steps of seauntreus. The sword dance fell to the part of Mr George Morrison. Several gentlemen who were expected to take part in the programme were unable to sing on account cither of colds or la flrippe, but Mr J. H. Brooks, who was oonductor, was able to give a full programme notwith standing. If the Order could manage to add to its obligation a pledge not to induge in ear-piercing whistling at entertainments it would do a' lot of good among its young members.

There is now to be seen in tho shop window of Messrs J. Scaly and Co., East street, a ollectio.i of apples showing some of the sorts grown at the nurseries, Riverbank, that will repay inspection by any one who contem plates planting fruit plants. There arc upwards of fifty different kinds shown, all valuable, long keeping sorts. For siza, color, and general excellence they are by far the finest that have been shown in Aslibupton the easo .—(Advt t

At the Christchurch R.M. Court to-day the man Gordon, charged with embezzling £720, the moneys of his employers, Morris and Victor Harris, was committed for trial.

The Rink will be open to-morrow night, when entries will be .taken for the champion ship of the district. A Maypole practice is to take place, and all those wishing to take part are requested to attend;

The funeral of Mr F. J. Garrick took place at Papanui on Tuesday. A very large con course was present, including representa tives of the legal profession, Chamber of ['Commerce, City Council,"and other public I bodies. ■ : •■

Alas'! my summer novel; P mourn it with asigii. The clayTrashly bought it a friend, was standing by. Forthwith the book he ' borrowed, to be returned that night; and since that fatal moment it ne'er has blessed > my sight, He lent it to his cousin, and she enjoyed it, so she lent it to a neighbor, who kept it on the go, and 'lent it to her uncle, who lent it to, his girl, who lent it to her teacher, who with another, whirl sent it unto a nephew, who lent it to a friend, who sent it.fo a" room-mate, arid, oh ! where will it end ? Throughout this maddening business, one liopc alone I see; mayhap in all this lending it may be lent to me. Mr Orbell told the Levels Road Board members at Timaru yesterday that the Government were :now laying, out a village settlement at' Upper Pareora on a spot which, he declared, was so broken and steep that a man could" not lead a 1 horse over it. Some of the faces were has steep as a house. Of course there was a bit of flat with it, but that did not make the rough ground any betier. This is the usual thing. In the eyes of the Land Department anything is good enough for small settlers.

The members of the Fire Brigade speak with % gleeful gleam in their eyes when they mention the 18th of June. On the evening of that day the Brigade will burst out with a magnificent torchlight procession and a grand display of fireworqs. For. the latter extensive preparations'have been made, and Dunedin has been ransacked for designs, while our local pyrotechnists — Messrs Cambridge and Brooke —have received large orders for colored fire and other elements of the display. The Secretary, Md Se B Compton has left no stone unturned to push the sale of tickets for the "social "after the proces sion, and has been rewarded: with unexpected success. Atogether '* the .eighteenth" pro mises to be a red letter day.

Emperor William has not prohibited duelling in the German Army,' as has. been stated by several of contemporaries. But no duel is in future to take place until there has been a thorough inquiry into all the circumstances by two funnel", who >,,\\ y. .*■ fh,- en~i«T»twYv\ly ! , \\\ ■■.<■ p!-»v.i, .■.' .i-i-.-.i. « j_»:: i-'ii-.■! ■;!■.'to which an apology has been refused ; or (2) when an insult has been offered to a lady who is a relation or the betrothed of the challenger. Under no circumstances, however, is a duel to be per mitted when the quarrel has arisen out of a brawl in a club-room, coffee-house, or any similiar place; when one 6i the parties has already been " out" three times, or where, one of the parties is a married man with children.

The larvte of the codlin moth is full of re sources, and evidently has the faculty of adapting itself to circumstances, as is shown by what Mr James Fergusson, of Cambridge, noticed the .other day. He had some bottles of lemonade and hop beer stored in a room, in which was also a quantity of apples. Noticing that some of the bottles were fizzing he investigated the matter, and found codlin moth grubs in some of the .corks. Mr Fergusson brought down four apparently intact corks to Mr Hewitt, and on their being cut open, in the presence of Mr C. Tuck, grubs were found m each of them, and in one instance there being two well-developed, healthy-looking grubs in a single cork.

The best medicine known is SANDER and SONS' EUCALYPTI EXTRACT. Test its eminent powerful effects in coughs, colds, influenza, etc—the relief is instantaneous. Thousands give the most gratifying testi mony. His Majesty the King of Italy, and medical syndicates all over the globe arc its patrons, head the official reports that accom pany each bottle. Hosier, M.D., Professor University, Griefswald, reports : —.The' Eucalypti Extract proved magnificently suci cessful in very severe contusions, bruises, sptains, wounds, scaldings, broken ribs, and limbs. ("Medical Journal," Nov., 18S1.) In diseases of the kidneys, either active con gestion or suppression, (urewnai) or albumi nuria, dropsy, lithargy, nothing will equal in its action Eucalypti Extract. Doses, five to six drops, Mosler, M.D., Professor, University, Griefswald, reports :—Diphthe ria. Tonsils continually coherent presenting ulcers with white axudats. Cured in four teen days. Surgical Clinic of Prof. M'lntyre, College of Physicians and Surgeons, S . Louis—Scirrhus of Breast—Excision Euca ypti Extract employed. No swelling, heat, or discoloration. Cured in fourreen days. --(AdvM ' 4 It will be in the recollection of the public that my collection of apples shown in Mr Clayton's shop in East street, being sixty-six varieties, and also those which took two first awards at the Dunodin Exhibition and various other places, was pronounced to be the largest and best ever shown in the Ash burton county. I would cVraw theii atten tion my advertisement elsewhere. As only work on blight-proof stocks than which n other stocks can be relied uj>on, the rootsof my apple trce3 do not require to be washed before sending out. James Porter, nursery man, Allenton.—(Advt.)

INTERPROVINCIAL.

, " [I*ER TRESS ASSOCIATION.] Auckland, June 10. A Native named Te Weliini, brother of the well "known chief Waha'nui, died last week. A number of Maoris say that after the body was put into the coffin three distinct knocks were heard on the lid, and it is alleged by some that the man was not dead. ''-. A woman named Stanley, who was dis charged from the Avondale Asylum, and sent to her home at Whangarei, returned to Auckland with her three children, but the Charitable Board refused to receive her, on the ground .that she belongs to Whangarei; and the Whangarai Board, on the other hand, will not maintain her, unless she lives at Whangarei. The woman has been taken under the care of the Salvation Army at the Prison Gate Brigade Home. Charles Miln, blacksmith} was found dead in a building in Albert street to-day. His employees not having seen him for some days, broke open his house. The deceased was lying on the floor. He apparently died in a fit. Napier. June 10. A curious case was heard in the R.M. Court to-day. Some time ago a traveller j named Moreton brought an action against the Union Steamship Company for a lost portmanteau. He claimed £55 ; recovered judgment for £20. His solicitor, Mr Crosswell, .handed him £12 9s, the balance being retained for costs in excess of the amount allowed by tho Court. Moreton now brought,an action against Mr Crcsswell for the amount detained. Judgment was reserved. Waipawa, June 10. A girl, aged four years, daughter of Fowlders, has been missing since last Tuesday from her home near Hampden. Search parties have been out ever since. Seventy men were out last Sunday. A party of Nakokino Natives went out to-day. Wellington, June 10. Mr J. 11. Heaton was to-day elected unopposed as Mayor of Melrose, vice Mr W. Higginbotham resigned. Not long ago Mr Justice Connolly, while presiding over tho Court at New Ply mouth, made some statements reflecting on the probity of Constable Gillespie, of Norman by, in consequence of which in structions have been given to lay an in formation against the constable for perjury. Dunedin, June 10. At a meeting of the School Committees' Conference to-night, the sub-Committees' report on Major Steward's Education Bill i was road,- and was' hi tire mani approved:} The Conference expressed their disap- j proval of the working of the cumulative .. ote system,

PRESSIONAL.

Major Steward, M.H.K,^addressed"his | constituents at the Oddfellows' Hall, Waimate, last evening. The Mayor i occupied the chair, and about 200 electors were present, Mr Steward dealt at some length with the work of last session and the position of political parties in the H6use. He conclenined the railway administration and opposed further borrowing. Speak ing of the reform of the Legislative Council, he said:—We have here no hereditary, nobility, as in the Mother Country, and even there the: sooner ' the system by which the graceless, and degenerate son of a noble ancestor is accorded by right of birth the privilege of j taking part in the government of his ■ country equally with him who is ennobled for his services". to the 1 :^tate' •- is put an end to the better will it be for the cause of liberty and of^ humanity. A seat in our own Legislative Council is an honor which may be fitly be ; stowed upon those who have servedi the Colony faithfully and well, and that . the possibility of the bestowal of such] well-earned reward should be kept open, [ R in my opinion the chief argument for ' • '»■ .'■«■;o*ii! ion •f a second Chamber. Yet/ even this is largely theoretical, as it has dnly too often been' the case' that men have been called to the" Council for i reasons of party policy only, some of them, indeed such men as can by nd i stretch of imagination be said to have i rendered any real service to the State,' that is to say to the people of the Colony. As to the theory of the necessity of a Second Chamber as a check upon mis ; chievous or dangerous legislation, it is toi be noted that the Council very much more 1 frequently spoils, emasculates, or rejects that which is useful and good, than it' amends ; or prevents' that which is ill-con sidered, risky 1 or harmful; and even as to its service in the latter direction, were : there no Legislative Council in existence, there would very seldom indeed be any : evil resultant from the want of a body to perform such service, as the very fact of there being aio revisory. Chamber, would make the iHouse of\ Representatives infinitely more careful as to the measures passed by itself as the sole Legislative Chamber. I am inclined to think that we might well take a leaf ; out of the book of that successful little republic the Swiss Confederation, and allow to the local,governing bodies-; | the County and Borough Councils and the Road Boards—the right of selecting by! their votes say two-thirds of the- whole number, leaving the remaining .third to be called to the Council by die Governor as at present. This would I think be better than thQ election of all future ment bers of the Council by the House of  Representatives as proposed .by the Government] I 'Bill. But whatever be the mode of choice of Councillors, upon one point there is an almost universal coh ■ sensus of opinion (at least outside of the Gouncil Chamber itself) and that is that appointments should certainly not be for i Hfe. Six years would in my opinion be .quite long enough, a Councillor retiring by effluxion of time to be, of course, '■ eligible for re-appointment or re election. Under the. present system it is possible for • gentlemen to exer cise votes in deciding important issues who may have become incapaci tated by the infirmities of age for exercis a wise judgment thereon. Referring to Party Government Major Steward said:—ln New Zealand it is a pro nounced failure. So long as we have a Ministerial Party and a constitutional Opposition, I hold that a member to be of real use to his constituents or to the country should belong to the one or the other —fxeo lances and rail-sitters are nothing but a nuisance—and I have 'throughout all my political career stuck "steadily to my party, which, as it happens, has been for the most of the'time in the cool shades of Mr Speaker's left, but I would gladly see the whole system of party Government relegated to the limbo of oxfjloded fallacies, and effete institu tions. I hold that it lias become an anachronism not only in New Zealand but elsewhere. At Home we have a Con servative Government kept in power by the votes of a section of the Liberals, in Victoria we see a coalition Government, — what are these things but an open con fession of the failure of Party Govern ment I —while in New Zealand, I main tain that parties are not divided by any broad clear line of policy and principle. There are Liberals on the Government side and Conservatives on the Opposition side, and vice v-rs-t, and intrigue and fighting for place and power are only too frequently witnessed, to the waste of time and the crippling of the usefulness of the Legislature. Besides which under our present wretched system members are constantly placed in a false" posi tion. Measures of legislation and public policy' often are not and cannot be decided upon their merits, because members are debarred from voting upon the simple issue, the question as to whether this or that proposition should be accepted or rejected upon its merits being complicated and confused.by the fact that acceptance or rejection involves a change in the occupancy of the-Minis terial benches. I have long wished for a means of escape from so radically vicious a condition of things; and as I know, for 1 have taken means to ascertain, that some thirty other .members of the House are of the same mind, I purpose seeking an opportunity next session to ventilate the question in the direction of a series of resolutions which I tabled some two , ■"'.■"■v.r, :i^n. >iiit which did not come on ii- li'-v.i ■■■'■:>. These propose the vi-.b: ■■ •:■ ■■:" •■! •■•niewhat similar system to that which obtains in Switzerland. There :the Government or " Federal Council" as it is termed is elected for three years by the two Chambers of the Legislature, called the National Council and the Council of the States, both these, latter being elective bodies. Here, as we have but one elective Chamber the Govern ment should be elected directly by that House—the House of Representatives. Under the present system we have practically a mediate election, that is to say the House passes a vote which places in the hands of one man the right of choosing the members of the Ministry, but restricts his choice to one half the membqrs of the House only— plus, of course, the majority (it may be of only 1, 2 or 3). by which the vote has been carried. It therefore follows that on each such occasion men who would be especi ally desirable for the conduct of a parti cular department of Government must be left out simply because they happen to be among the minority. Clearly it would be better that the House should exercise its choice direct among its whole number, and I can see no difficulty whatever in the Crown accepting as its advisers the men recommended directly by the House, equally with those recommended by one man to whom the House has delegated the power to recommend. Measures presented would then not involve the question of con fidence ; and could be amended or rejected in accordance with the actual views of a majority of the House, representing a real preponderance of opinion, and not the mere result of a whip ; and \ we should be rid once and for ever of a system of things which assumes that it is the duty of one party to decry the proposals of the opposite party, to be little its leaders and to pour contempt upon its rank and file, and of the waste < of time and sacrifice of useful work which necessarily attend upon the discussion of ' Want-of-Confidence motions. j,

On the important question of settle ment of lands and the exodus of popu lation the speaker * said :—The year before last neaJy 10,000 people left our shores, 10,000 more than came to them, and even now the exodus is going on to a

greater extent I think than the published returns indicate. Surely it is not enough that we are producing more wool and frozen mutton and that a larger revenue is therefore accruing to big Companies and the owners of immense estates. If the country is to prosper and grow, there must be a constantly extending area of settlement, of settlement by small holders, the bona fide settlement of people who will make their homes on the land, and ' raise their families uponand employ labor with the proceeds of the soU, a con stantly increasing number of agricul turists, and dairy farmers, and of wage earners on the farms, and in the various, handicrafts which are wanted to supply the needs of the farms and the farmers. But is there anything of that sort going on 1 Very little indeed ; certainly not a tithe of what there should be. I know that we have recently been furnished— doubtless at the instance of die Minister for Lands.—with statistics which purport to show that a vast amount of settlement has been, effected during the past few months, but it has been well said that' " figures can be made to prove anything," and that thereis nothing more fallacious than what I will term " political figures," i unless it be political facts,-is proverbial. Is it not a notorious thing that a very large proportion of the recent purchases of Crown Lands, which are assumed by the department to represent as many new settlers as there are purchasers, really to a large extent only represent so f many additions to the areas held by persons who were already land owners ? TSay, is i it not also known that the intention of the law is being constantly evaded by a system of dummying through sons and daughters, and sisters, and cousins, and aunts ? I assert that there i« a great deal of this sort of thing going on, and I doubt whether 10 per cent, of our recent land sales represent so many additional bona fide settlers. Yet, while all this is the case, first we have a Commission, which after going over 3J millions of acres of Crown lands in Canterbury can only find about a quarter of a million — about one-thirteenth of the whole— which is fit for settlement. This too, strangely enough, to judge from the description accompanying the sale plans ap pears to consist of poor shingly land, land liable to flood and other similarly "desir able " property, and even that miserable remanent is doled out. by the present Minister of Lands with a reluctant hand The whole business is in the highest degree unsatisfactory. Most certainly every facility should be given to the bona fide settler, not only in the bush of the North Island, but here on the plains of Canterbury also, and so important do I regard the spread of bona fide settlement that I would not hestitate for a moment to give away the land, if necessary, to those who will really make their homes upon it cultivate it and improve it."

[per press association.]

Wttnbham, June 10,

Mr Richardson addressed a large meet ing here this evening, devoting the principal portion of the address to a refutation of the charges made against the present land administration by Sirßobert Stout, and quoting statistics to prove that under that administration settlement was, progressing more and more rapidly, while the departmental cost was greatly decreased. In regard to federation he said that the opinion that New Zealand had been excluded by the action of the delegates was an error, as the result of their stand had been to leave "the matter in the hands of the people for con sideration through their representatives. It might he expected that he would say something of the policy of the Government, but as the details would shortly be disclosed in Parliaments would be out of place for him to do so otherwise than deal with it generally. Speaking broadly, the policy of the Government was a policy of settlement and progress, of common sense and prudence, a policy of paying their way, of pausing in respect of railways, and of pushing on roads, a policy that could be pursued without borrowing. At the conclusion of the address Mr Richardson received a hearty vote of thanks and confidence.

Martok, June 10

Mr Maoarthur, one of the candidates for the new electoral district <sf Rangi tikei, addressed a crowded meeting last night, and was very well received.

DISTRICT COURT

ASHBURTON-WEDNESDAY,

(Before His Honor Judge Ward.)

IN BANKRUPTCY,

In re William Sutherland, creditors' petition to adjudicat Sutherland a bankrupt. Mr Cuthbertson for the petitioning creditors. Debtor did not appear.

Order granted as prayed for,

In re T. and R. Morgan. Motion for payment of petitioning creditors' "costs, and Deputy-Oincial Assignee's costs. Mr Crisp appeared for Messrs Garrick, Cowlishaw, and Fisher, of Christchurch.

An order was made for payment of costs as asked for, but subject to taxation.

Sinking of a Steamer.

In the harbor of Newcastle on Wednes day evening last, Captain B. Williams' river steamer Allyn sank, having on board 800 bags of general produce. It appears that the Allyn had been used as lighter to receive the inward cargo from the Union Company's steamer, Manapouri, which was lying at the dyke. About 3 p.m. she had piled up on deck 800 bags of produce, and just as she was cast off from the Manapouri, and was in the act of being turned round to proceed to the Newcastle wharf she was struck by a gust of wind, which caused a list, and the vessel being top heavy some of the bags shifted to one side, and before she could recover herself she heeled over, and sank in about 25ft of water within between 30 and 40 yards from the dyke wharf. Mr Webster, the master,' and; ,a wharf laborer, were the only persons on board, and they had a narrow escape from being dragged down with the vessel. Fortunately both men were good swimmers, and on seeing that nothing could be done to save, the vessel after the list, they plunged into the harbor and struck out for the dyke, which they reached in safety. Just as they left hei the vessel disappeared with her cargo, which was valued at the wholesale prices at £600. —" Press " correspondent.

The Newfoundland Difficulty.

[per press association]

j New York, June 9. In consequence of an order which hcis been given to American cruisers to seize and dismantle any sealers in fringing the Behring sea fishing regu lations, Columbian sealers have pur chased a fast steamer to enable them to outpace the American cruisers. St. Johns, June 9. Several vessels are returning from St. George's Bay, the Customs officers having forbidden them to unload their cargoes until the duties were paid. The French and English warships which have been at the scene of disturbance are dispersing and are proceeding on cruises, i The French fishermen are also ais persing, and the trouble is practically over for the present year; but it is probable that hostilities will be vio lently renewed next season. Pakis, June 9. The French Press ridicule the idea

that war will ensue : they refer to the dispute as a paltry one, and advocate the acceptance of an indemnity, and the granting of a territorial compen sation.

TELEGRAPHIC

HOME AND FOREIGN.

'per press association.]

London, June 9.

Complaints have been made to head quarters that the police obstructed the Hyde Park procession on Saturday. The " Standard "says that the dis honesty of New Zealand shippers is ruining not only the flax but other colonial industries.

The "Daily News" considers the demands for railways in Vic^ol^a are excessive, and states that members would be rejected^ from Paaliainent unless they supported the ;Wrrowing of money- with which..to feed their districts."- :

;'Mr Finch .Hatton, in a letter to "The Times," asserts that the reduc tion to which the Eastern Extension Company has agreed areidue to the fear of a Pacific cable.

It is now considered unlikely that an autumn session will be held, as the Government has decided to apply clotiire to amendments that may be proposed of a „ purely obstructive character. .

The conference, which .was .begun on May sfch, between Mr Anderson, of the British East African Company, and Dr Krauel, for the purpose of* delimiting the spheres of the English and German Companies in East Africa, will not be resumed. Cairo, June 9. , An Egyptian conversion preferential loan is about to be issued./ ; ; Vienna," June 9. . The Emperor Francis has announced to the delegations that the strength of the army is being increased. Count Kalnoky, the Austrian Minis ter of Foreign Affairs, declares that, owing to the influence of the Emperor of Germany, the triple alliance was never firmer than at the present time. St. Petersburg, June 9. Nihilists have robbed .contractors at Gonjski of a large quantity of dyna mite, and considerable alarm is felt throughout Russia, as it is feared that further attempts on the life of the Czar are contemplated. :

AUSTRALIAN.

(PER PRESS ASSOCIATION.) •

Melbourne, June 10,

Sir ,Graham Berry, Agent-Genera], cables to the Government that there is every prospect of the Imperial authori ties undertaking to share the guarantee required for, the; reduction in the cable tariff. '

Sydney, June 10.

The Rev. Mr Gardner has been ched to appear before the Sydney Presby tery on September 9th, to answer the charges preferred against him. The Presbytery declare that the . church was abandoned ITy him, despite his resignation. ; , ' " :

Among the passengers by the s.s. Hauroto for Wellington are Professor Ben ton, of Birmingham, and' Mr Harvey, C.E., of Sydney, who have been commissioned to proceed to "West port, to inspect and report on mining property there. „

CORRESPONDENCE.

[We do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions expressed by our correspondents.]

WATERTON TOWNSHIP.

TO THE EDITOR,

Sir, —Last Sunday a man took an enemy into his mouth that stole away his brains. He lay down helpless in the hands of the theif that stole his reason. But no Samaritan came along to pour into his wounds oil and wine, or set him upon his own beast, and leave a coin of the realm at the inn, to supply his immediate want upon recovery. Why was this so 1 Let the Levite answer.—l am, eks., Critic.

THE PRICE OF BUTTER.

TO THE EDITOR,

- Sir, —I notice in your of yesterday that butter is selling in Taranaki at from 3d to 5d per lb. Could any of your readers kindly inform me why the price in Ash burton is Is 2d to Is 3d, and that for a very inferior article to what Taranaki can produce., Ashbiirton is not an isolated township like Johannisburg in South Africa, and the matter appears to me to be inexplicable. .

Yours, &c.,

Enquirer.

THE WAKANUI SCHOOL COM MITTEE.

TO. THE EDITOR.

Sir, —Would you kindly insert the following corrections in your report of the last meeting of the Wakanui School Committee, held on June sth,

Be the appointment of clerk in which I «im made to_ say, that I would give my vote to Miss Stewart, otherwise it would look as if the Committee were dissatisfied with the- way she had attended to the duties of Clerk, I give this statement an, unqualified denial. What I did say was "that Messrs Hill and Tait must have been dissatisfied with the way she had performed her duties." I did not object. to Mr W. Mcßae personally, bub from the position he holds there was no certainity that he would remain in the district for any time.

With regard to the passage of arms between two members of Committee, Mr B. says that his boy is attending the" school with the sanction of the Com mittee. Mr B. has no such sanction. Not that I object personally to Mr B.s boy attending the school, but at the same time what is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander. With regard to the Board's -letter of April 15th, the following is a correct copy : "That the reading books prescribed by the Board for Standard V or Standard VI are the sequel to the Royal Reader No. 5 and Royal Reader No. 5, Series ]J. Standard VI, taught separately, to use a book at the discretion of the teacher. The Inspectors do not recommend the sixth Royal Reader, as the subject matter of many of the lessons in it is too difficult to admit of its being used with all the advantagesexpectedfromreadinglessons." lam etc., ' ,' > P. Stewart,.. ■ '; Chairman of Committee.

A large reward will shortly be offered through the Australian papers for infor mation as to the whereabouts, of the Earl of Shannon, a young man of 29, and who was last seen at a mining camp in Canada. Some years ago, the Earl (then Viscount Boyle) went to Canada to make a fortune ranching. He did not succeed, and is now supposed to be eitherjn «v".o centre in South Africa or .\ : ;.■ ..... ll:.« younger brother and the heir-presumptive recently started to look for him»

NEW POTATO DIGGER PUBLIC TRIAL AT MR HUNT'S FARM.

I Our fanning friends, doubtless! re member that List year Mr Heiny Hunt, of Ashburton, brought to successful trial ft very efficient potato planting machine. That machine was put to public test on a good many occasions, both in our own neighborhood and in the vicinity of Christch'urch. Of the public trials bf the I new- machine the newspaper report*} T^ere i Very flattering, and practical farmers were 4 commendatory iu v their remarks^on^the >> work-done by it before thejir, eyesT,'. ,jSr Hunt planted his owh^orbp' ifoth' 'the machine, and other crops in the province were also , planted it; in .fact it;„!» already in fairly extensive^'ii'^e pi pofclito growuig districts,' considering' Htoe short; time it has h.een before, .the public, Mr Hunt, however,, -was: /no^MtisfieWnMbh having invented a ; succtMwf up jilariUng machine, anclhis constructive geAiua Trent to. work to supply a want' that 5 h*« b««n felt ever since potatoes.; were groWn~ namely, a machine, that would do-'/ior tlie harvesting of the, tuber crop'whit;-!the reaping machine .has done for the' ceteal. Many ideas suggested themselv&b to 'him, and ,hji; conversation' with Mt James !Keir, manager at'Ashburton for Messrs P. and D. Duncan—himself an inventor of some note —Mr Hunt mentioned what he had been - studying. ,Arv~ exchange of ideas took plac^- ]£lr l£eir Jhad; been engaged in the construction of *a plough for digging drain f urrowa.-for; irriga|ioi| purppses—a plough t^t, after jd'islojdging/the ijoil by. the share, would carry it over an elevator, ;and shed ifc^on.either side of { the .^^ch left, thus leaving a.complete.ditcK in one motion.* Messrs Keir'and Hunt decided to. work together, • and they, adopted as .the, base .of • ffieir , jneiital operations the principle of Mr 'Keif's eleva<^r. plough. For three months.bpfch;have" been nara afc work experimenting witlh this' principle. Many things were tried ( by both and rejected, * arid v [iti' seemed afc one time like having to score a failure and give up. But successes not achieved by giving upland so they, kept on, finely have succeeded in constructing a niAchine not very far from perfections well does ib work, and"so yreU. pleased are-Jhey with the result of theu? study' that fltliey have: taken/ out a ,patient, for Urn n new digger, arid purpose r competing for the prize of £250 onered by "the Victorian Government) for the .beat machine of this kind. c

, The machine, made chiefly by-Mr Hunt himself, was subjected kio.pubKo jiriil on Mr Hunt's farm "yesterday afternoon, where it had been at work all; day; lifting the crop Mr Hunt had^pufc lii'wi£h'; vhis patent potato planter;*l' 'The same'day 1 tihe itoachine' ' made' rfrbm l (' the • plans '-' and specifications of theinyentors, by MesSrs P. and D.. Duncan' was a similar trial at" Riuigiora 1.! Thd.wdrkfiifcne at Mr Hunt's farm L could' hardly Jfbe+flm proved upbri> Sueh fwas'the-opijiioft"of all the practical farmers 1 who saw it. ." digger" was drawn by two horses, ■; and when put into the potato ridge';W&nt straight on without ony hitch-at -all,'lift ing the sqts continuously, carrying soil, haulihs, and',tubers over< the elevator:m; a steady stream, and dropping, the.tubers behind, so'that the pickers-cVulct; grade and bag them without trouble. No' work- ' man with a fork could ;have,done the work so efficiently, while there was the further recommendation for the inachine'^thatjall weeds were effectually uprooted " and spread out to be killed by. the: weather.. The digger gives .plenty of. employment to twelve people, in gathering the^ tubers, and is calculated to go over as much ground in a day in potato digging; as, will a " three-furrow" in ploughing....jt'is*of light draught, and the two horses drawing it were not in any way distressed with the work. The following is a detailed description of the ' machine. ', It runs on two pairs of wheels, they front pair . 15 inches in diameter, and the hind v pair 30 inches. The frame consists of four bars of 2&-inch 'by £-inch iron. Two of these • bars ' are,, ; attached' .to the axle of the hind wheels by bearings, and extend "forward about four feet to the share, jwhichris diamond pointed, and 20 inches wide. > The other Ijwo; bars are connected at the front .to the upright stem of- the front wheels, and extend backward to; the" ends of 'the axle of the hind Avheels. The two pairs of bars are strongly stayed "to. ; each .other. The hind wheels—fitted:, with .spikes, to prevent skidding—are connected to the axle by ratchet boxes and pawls, and " impart motion to a spur;wheel, keyed to the axle. By a spur pinion, gearing in the spur wheel; motion.is imparted to two sprocket wheels, 18 inches"" apart. Orer these, work two ordinary, reaper • chains. The chains run round two rollers fixed to the side pieces immediately behind the share, and round-iron spars connect the two chains at.intervals of 5 inches. Between the loop,;of. the chains,, and extending from the sprocket wheels $o the rollers, are. &: number .of, longitudinal;bars of 12in. by Jin,,and ljin. apart, fprniing the floor; of a kind of t elevator.,, j# Mr Hunt's machine.these bare were of wood, but in the, machine. for. the market the ! whole turn-but will be. of iron.'' *Vhe soil ! raised by the share is'conveyed up these bars by the, chains and cross spars, after the manner of a! straw eleyatqtv '' .The „ earth drops through, ' and' f only ; tlie potatoes, arrive at the top and are therefore .left" on the surface 9f-*he ground. The depth of the share in the ground is regulated by a collar on the front wheel stem, so that the driver can sink hie'share to any^depth." 1 The re quired depth will be very soon made ap parent to him, for if any potatoes are cut he. will know that his share is too near the surface. The' machine * is- provided with a chain, lifting .gear, steering rod, and—^-in the machine for '^market--* driver's seat." The machine will -work in any r soil, but will naturally do. \ts. best on friable land. ' Unless the Inventive genius of Victoria or elsewhere has pro duced somethingixstter than was shown at Mr Hunt's farm-^and that will* be difficult to do— the £260 Victoria pre mium looks very like coming t» Ash* burton. •

The "Lytteltoncrimes", says, in re ference to the Rang'iora trial:—A practical trial of Keir and Hunt's potato digger was made .yesterday morning in Mr Shaw's paddock near Ranpiora. The im plement was exhibited by Messrs P. and D. Duncan,'and a description of it has already been-) given.- Ifc diown to every advantage in clean crap, jfond per formed its work with evident satisfaction to the number of-farmers who wa§ present and commended the[exceUen^chani?fcef of its work.; ".>•;.."/, •„;-> hSl" n - 7n -} :,-

A sum of .-tI&XP lias been awarded a widow with fonrr children,; whos€ Juuband was killed in a railway accident between _ Manchester and Stockpprt..,. -i..--r -,^'z The Christchurch police record an exodus of spielers frofn thajt city "owing to two of their fraternity receiving sentences of three months apiece as vagrants. "'" *' Hollo way's Piu£.—lnvalids/ sfcriefiOTd by indigestion ■ and 1 discouraged in their search for its remedy should make a trial of this never-failing medicine. A lady, long a .. martyr "to" dyspeptic totijjirea/whites that Hollowayk Pills,made Jierjfeel Mi;f a burden . had been taken off her. Herspiri^'formerly:- ,',* low, have greatly, improved; her, capriciouß. -;k appetite has given placeto healthy hanger;;. ■; her dull, sick headache has departed, and r""A'lii'i.lly «-o «mrv?Ilofl«i a change been\ <rhvioJ iii.it -ii«*i-i'.lio^l>iTaneW:creature, '-« 1.1 .i_M in I!i '■.>:■ !•«!■ ilm iit.i. Theftspiltaatoy be administered, with.safety to the moat delicate. Tliey never act' hatshly, ror do they ever induce weakness; they rightly direct deranged, a. d control excessive, action^

THE ASHBTTRTON GUARDIAN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 11, 1890.



WANTED j C*th Advrtiimmtn under this hsadino. not MoeedinglQ worts, OXE SIIILLL\G Addrcwesinai/ be left at t\i* ()'%■•■ WANTED a middle-aged person as Housekeeper. Apply Mas Rastdbll, Town Hall. 6_49 W" ANTED KNOWN.—A lot of Ladies Cloth and Tweed Jackets, considerably under usual cost price.— W. H. Coluer, "The Corner." J UST "opened, a few ladies plush | jackets, newest shapes, very cheap. —H. C. Segebs, Melford House. WAJN ■AJ Anown. —A special pur-' chase of choice Ladies' Hats at a desperate price.—W. H. Coixier. 4+130 ANTED every man in the County to have a suit of the Ashburton Tweeds.—Robert Alcorn, Ashburton . Clothing Mars, Sauncler's Buildings. ANTED KNOWN.—The Cheapest House in Ashburton to buy Drapery, Millinery, Clothing, Boots, etc., is H. C. Segers, Melford House. TOP THAT COUGH! By using Flower's Cough Drops. Guaranteed •ffioacious. Can only be obtained at H. G. Flower's, Confectioner, East Street. ; ;, 3 191 " rpHE Patent Candle Extinguisher can I be Set to Extinguish at any time required ; it will save insurance premiums your house and your life, price Is ; Sole Agent for Ashburton.—R. Alcorn, Baunders' Buildings WANTED Known —One hundred and fifty Ladies' and Children's ; Ulsters bought a great bargain (good qualities), now selling very cheap —H. C. Skgers. Melford Hcuse. "TT/"ANTED Known—The Cheapest VV Shop to buy Tinware and Gal vanised Iron goods in Ashburton, is at W.; F. Hannafoiu/s, Burnett Street. ' A large stock kept on hand. Tin and Iron ware goods made and repaired with dcs patch ANTED KNOWN.-Mrs M. L. Eliassoj-i and Miss Henxy, (late of tihe D.I.C. Christchurch), have com menced business as Millinerß and Dress makers, in East Street, two doors from Mr Segers. Ladies favoring them with orders will find them carefully carried out »nd the work executed in the latest style. A perfect fit guaranteed. Charges moderate. 6 46 /üblic Aoticcs. HAMPSTEAD TOWN DISTRICT. THE POLICE will be instructed to prosecute owners of unregistered Dogs after the 18th hist. J. C. BELL, • Clerk to the Board. • Ashburton, June 11th, 1890. 652 ASHBURTON COUNTY COUNCIL. DESTRUCTION OF SMALL BIRDS. ""VTOTICE is hereby given that the _I\| Council will pay 4s 2d per hundred for heads of full grown small birds delivered at the Council's offices. The heads must be strung on wire or string in lots of 25 eacli in order to facilitate counting. By order, F. MAINWARING, Clerk. Ashburtop, June 10th, 1890. 6*50 WiTJ.QUT TCEITU WJTH TEETIi THE CHRISTCHURCH DENTAL SURGERY, Corner of Cashel and High streets. Q ""ft/TYERS AND no. SURGEON DENTISTS. And at Dunedin and Westport. WE have gained the FIRST AWARD at the Dunedin Exhibition for Artificial Dentures and Mechanical Appli ances for the Mouth, and it is with the greatest confidence that we guarantee the highest class work and perfect fit at the ost moderate cost. A. Sm</1.; Avti!ii;M'i\...,ll,, JJK Compile ."*>ofc -— i';)|/t v rmil L^'.rer— tempo) aiy and permanent, £10 10^. '■ Natural, Durable, Comfortabltc Artificial Teeth Replaced Temporarily al most immediately after the extraction of decayed teeth or stumps without extra fee or charge. Arrangements can be made for part or monthly payments. ADMINISTERING NITROUS OXIDE 3AH several times daily for the past teii years, we fearlessly assert that extraction . of teeth under its influence i 3 perfectly painless and positively safe Fee for Administration, ss. .- ' Extraction, 2s 6d. Artificial Teeth and Dentures made by •ther dentists repaired or remodelled at small cost. Hours of attendance —9 a.m. to 6 p.m. f MPORTANT "VTOTICE JLmportant i_N otice MESSRS HALLENSrEINBROS & CO, Proprietors of the NEW ZEALAND CLOTHING FACTORY AT ASHBURTON Invercargill, Gore, Milton, Oamaru, Timaru, Dunedin, Christchurch, Hoki tika, Greymouth, Reefton, Westport, Nelson, Wellington, Napier, Hastings, Waipawa, Gisborne, Palmerston North, Wanganui, Hawera, New Plymouth, Thames and Auckland, Have arranged to FLOAT THEIR BUSINESS INTO A COMPANY, To be registered under " The Companies Act 1882"jg It is a part of the arrangement that STOCKS shall be REDUCED by £50,000 before the 15th of June next] To effect this the Managers of the vari- BKinches throughout the colony have been instructed, in addition to marking out the Goods at Low Prices, to allow 5 per cent on all ca?ih sales amounting to £1 and upwards. This excellent opportunity of buying oods should not be overlooked, especi ally as it is a well-known fuct that the Manufactures of the New Zealand Cloth ing Factory avo Superior to Anything in the Marked. . The Hale at the Ashburton Franch Ls under the '.)>ana^ement of Ma W. H j Wjbbbbr.



Public Notices. ; DANCING CLASS. ~, A DANCING CLASS will be held in the Waterton Library every FRI DAY Evening, commencing from Friday NEXT, the 13th inst. 6 47 I^TOTIOS— All persons' found Trespas J_N sing in pursuit of game or other wise on the Riversdalc Estate on and after this date will be prosecuted. J. R. WILLIAMS. Riversdale, 24th May. . 5176 MUST BE SO LD. TO STOJK-TAKING. SURPLUS stock of Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods etc., at GREATLY REDUCED PRICES. A lot of music at half price. Hundreds of back numbers o" Periodicals and Xmas Papers with colored illustrations at half price. Sale now on. L. F. ANDREWES & CO. Stationers' Hall. i WM. SPARROW TAILOR AND MEN'S MERGER EAST STREE