The Ashburton Guardian. Magna est Veritas et Prævalebit. MONDAY, AUGUST 25, 1890. THE COMING ELECTION.

Within tho next two months the colony will be m the throes of a general election. Already various political organisations are busying themselves hunting up and enrolling voters, and one result of this action will be that the new rolls will contain the names of many persons who have not heretofore been entitled to exercise the franchise. In consequence of this change, the new rolls will be con siderably larger. Electoral districts have also been enlarged, and political interests hitherto opposed have become identical. These two alterations, of themselves, will no doubt consider ably affect the personnel of the new House ; and when taken m connection with the all-important fact that twenty odd members will be relegated to private life, the political outlook be comes interesting. Since last election, also, the various political organisations —the Bible-in-achools party, the tem perance party, Freetraders, and Protec tionists, et hoc genut omne —have had another important rival introduced into the field, and one which promises to become the most powerful political factor of the future. We refer to the amalgamated labor organisations. Members of the Labor Unions repre sent the vast proportion of electors on the rolls, and it is probable that a block labor vote will turn the scale at almost every contest. The Labor -Bills now before the House are being jealously watched, and the speeches and actions of members m relation thereto are being carefully noted. Members appear to realise this, and each one is doing his best to curry favor with the all-powerful labour party. In some instances this sudden change of front on the part of our public men is amusing. Members of the House whose public actions for years have been characterised by a disposition to heap as much taxation as possible upon the shoulders of the working man, and, at the same time pay him as little wages as possible, are now posiiig as strong supporters and even partisans of Trades Unionism ! The working man's labour-stained hand is being cordially clasped by the be-jewelled fingers of those who hare openly derided and secretly hate him, but who, for policy sake, now profess the warmest friendship and greatest regard for his comfort and welfare. While professing this kindly regard and wondrous solicitude for the welfare of the " sons of toil," efforts are also being made to shake the confidence of the wage-earners m those public men who for years, and m the face of strong opposition, have fought the laborer's cause m the Parliament of the colony. We much mistake the working man, however, if he cannot distinguish between his political friends and foes ; and we shall be extremely surprised if the supporters of the present Government do not realise this when t|>G ballot-boxes are opened, However, ©veil the labour party, like other strong partisans \yith which the colony is overrun, may make a grievous mistake m blindly voting for men whose only qualification is that they are willing to run amuck m favor of labor measures, and who have no other qualification or fitness for the position of legislators. In this respect the labor party, like many other political powers m the colony, may use its power 'to the great detriment of the country as a whole. The great drawback of New Zealand is that i-hfi colony is split up into in numerable small factions, composed of faddists, who will ipt look tyeyond the small circle m which they are grquped, and who will vote for any public man, no matter what ojbher views he may hold, so thftt he subscribes to the particular " fad" which b\w associa tions are organised to run. Whjile this continues the colony can never expect to have representative Government m the proper acceptation of the term, as each representative is pledged to pander to the peculiar views of the faction who have been most instru mental m securing his return. With the enlargement of the electoral bouutkjvißs, the reduction of members, and the addition, of a large section of new voters, the operations pf the social and political " cliques ?! who have hithflpto governed the colony will be considerably interfered with, and it is probable that the new House will wit ness the relegation to obscurity of many who owe their present political i positjon to the blind folly of small factions, yiwj «ty 4QU^ mean well, but do incalculable harm.

LOCAL AND GENERAL

At Sydney recently a woman found guilty of bigamy was sentenced to ten minutes itn prisos^nient. The arrivals In ih.o colony during July were 963, and the'denartmes lfi(J/j;9840f the latter went to New South Wales, and 353 to Victoria. Qver 2f>oo objections have been sent out by"the Auckland Registration Officer m the course of his duty of purging the rolls of the electoral .districts .ujf <ler If is cJiArgc, Rain which recently fell m Napier was strougly marked with sulphur. It i 8 SUP posed 'that a sulphur cloud'from the vol canic ragbag ,<yf IJotorua bad discharged its contents over thfc to-J*^, France as a country is not nearly as as England. Charles the Great was a Ger man, and m his days what is now France ,Wj*> nai\t of the Western Empire. The my tli that "mad*; -tot- $ Frenchman and called him Charlemagne tn iwmt ex^oded. The Rev. B. V. Kephart, v jjtfs&jj^ajy m Liberia, gives the following as a part of the cargo of the steamer that carried him :— iM/jfitQQ casks of rum, 11 cases of gin, 4GO tons of gun.vVW/Ar) W-* inissi°»;l™s > all on their way'i'/Affijftv The question of anglers holding under the Otago Acclimatisation 'Society being allowed to fish on Sundays was con sidered at a meeting of the Society held on i^Ve.dn<JsrJay, when the opinion of the majority of. j^ljjpse i/?£sGfyP appeared to be rather m favor of Sunday tisane jL^». otherwise. It ia said that rain js badly wai4.«4 j-if the interior of Otago, and 'tlut't the stncfe are languishing for want of good wholesome water. The rabbits, too, are giving many settlers considerable (rouble, and on sop'ie the quantity of skins obtained by the iflWrtt**;* iii ■Sfl-.O vmous. The Oriel, a new twin sci^w gfflamer built m England for the ((Eusfii;in Volunteer Fleet,' or .merchant ships liable to military is.Qujrements, is among the fastest .ships 'ftfroat, >^i? is 425 ft long by 48ft beam, and with 9000'.j'i. p. -v.d '.natural draught she shows a speed of l().'i, and,2o*2s knots with forced, draught '

Tight-lacing has wrought the death of a Berlin actress. She had taken part man evening performance, and then seemed to be perfectly well; but the next morning she Avas found dead m bed. Subsequent examination showed that death was due to. syncope, and this had been induced by tight-lacing, which the actress practised m an extreme decree. The " Oamaru Mail" of Friday says :•— " To-day a package arrived at the Oamaru railway-station from Messrs Whitcombe and Tombs, consigned to one of the local banks. The carters, we are informed, re fused to handle it, and it was at las" shouldered by a non-union man, who, how-t ever, ou being told that it came from Messrs Whitcombe and Tombs, dropped it." The funeral of the late Mrs H. W. Felt on yesterday wu3 very largely attended. At the funeral service m St. Stephen's the church was crowded to the door, and the coffin was followed to the cemetery by several hundred people. The service at the grave was conducted by the Rev E. A. Scott, | and here too the crowd of sympathisers was large. The deceased lady was well known m the district, having been a resident from an early period of the county's settlement, and her family have since their youth taken a prominent part m church work. There is a good and true story told of a certain Speaker of the English Houss of Commons, who, after having repeatedly called an hon. member to order* without effect, sternly admonished him, and said solemnly, " If the hon. member persists m his disorderly conduct, I shall have to name him" Down flopped the member, horror struck at the ominous threat. Presently recovering himself he jumped up, and said, " And what would happen then, Mr Speaker ?" To which the Speaker solemnly wagged his head, and said, "God only knows." Mr Blake, member of Avon, excuses his silence m the House by saying :—" I seldom stand on my feet m this House, because I know that men make up their minds without listening to any arguments. I have always found that anyone who argues positively upon any particular question makes the opposite sids more positive against it, and 1 think any few words I say are quite useless. . . . I know that what I say is useless, but I know I state a fact, and I feel that if I have any fants to state this is the place to express them. I shall not take up the time of the House, because anyone can think for himself just as I can." According to a despatch from Paris, July Bth, an astonishing story is reported from Oleron, an island of France opposite the mouth of the Charente, and near Rochelle, to the effect that a young man is said to have become suddenly endowed with miraculous power to cure all sorts of physical infirmities. He uses neither incantation, hypnotism, nor drugs, but simply places his ieet against those of the patient and makes movements with his hands over the parts affected, thereby working a complete cure. His popularity is increased by the fact that he makes no charge, but simply says after the gestures are completed, " Go m peace ; you are cured." The halt and the blind hasten to him m crowds. He exercises bi3 power at certain hours only. Some ingenious person discovered that judges wear their hair shorter than they used to do. Apropos of this, an amusing story is told of a judge who is still on the bench. In company with another adminis trator of the law, while on circuit m the South of England, he went for a country walk. Their lordships, being thirsty, entered a small inn, m the rear of which they found two laborers playing akittles. They deter mined to join the game, and eacli taking one of the men as a partner, they played ii( real earnest. Getting hot, Mr Justice X. took off his coat ; beeomhiy hotter he removed his hat. His lordship's partner immediately stopped playing. "Go on!" exclaimed the distinguished Judge; but Hodge remained motionless. " What arc you stopping,for ?" asked Mr Justice X., all impatience to renew the game. "I don't mind bein' neighborly," replied tho man, looking at the judge's closely cropped hair, " but I am darned if I be a-goiu' to play skittles with a ticket-o'-leaveman." An invention has been perfected m the glass industry whidi, it is stated will ac cqmplfsh a {complete revolution m that branch of manufacture. Until the present it has only been possible to produce sheet glass by blowing n, hollow cylinder, which was then cut off, separated and polished,. An American manufacturer has now succeeded hi producing glass plates of great breadth and of any desired length, by means of rolling. Glass thus produced is said to possess a far greater homogeneity, firmness and transparency, and it has, on the upper surface a brilliancy which is hardly to be distinguished from art plate glass. The material part of the invention consists m the application of the peculiar, undulated, hollow metal rollers, heated from the inside by means of steam or gas. The rollers seize the sticky, liquid glass which is conducted to them from the bottom of a melting-tub, without the intervention of any other ap paratus whatever. A writer m the "I)imedin Star".; bemoans the fact that cat thieves had !)eeii at work m her neighbourhood for sqme time past, and states that the pqlice ought to step m and put a atop ,to the wholesale rob 7 bery of her fsline friends, We are sorry that the cat thieves eonfinetheir at* tentions to Dunedin, A few of the species would be welcome here, There is an amateur musical association composed of nineteen oats, who with the asuistanoe of seven kittens, hold nightly rehearsals m the neighbourhood of our journalistic domicile. They are mostly soprano cats with ranges varying from four to eight octaves, aiid, assisted by a few bass Thomases, they can produce a volume of sound not much dis similar to the Tarawera's steam whistle. We are afraid our " savage breasts" are im jjerviqu? tq the charm of music ; at any rate we do^'t a'p'preqia'te the nightly concert. We would like some of t^e thieves to pay us a visit a remove a dozen or so of the serena ders—put them away, make them into jam or anything.' Diinediii cat thieves, take the hint.--*.' .Oamasu M.<ij| ; "

Boards of Conciliation.

At a meeting of the Hull Chamber of Commerce recently the following remarks were made :— "The Chairman said the important business of the meeting was to consider the propriety of forming a board of con ciliation for the settlement of trndo dis putes. It r/tusfc be apparent to all of them that differences between capital and labor would always arise. It must be equally apparent that it was m the interests of both labor and capital to find some via media by which those differences should be arranged, and it seemed not only to the council of the chamber but to all the chambers m the country that the chamber of commerce was the fittest body for the purpose of forming those boards. It was not intended that the boards of concilia tion should be anything but voluntary. It was very desirable not to interfere with trade m any possible way, but it was de sirable that there should be a method of meeting the difficulties when they arose, | and it was proposed m the first instance that the dispute should be settled m the various trade sections—that was to say, supposing the difference arose m any of the trade sections, the first persons to whom that difference would be referred would be the particular trade section. It was suggested that the committee should be formed of an equal number of em ployers and employed. Supposing that the differences were not settled by the trade section, then it was proposed that they should be submitted to the board of conciliation, composed also of an equal number of employers and employed, If that failed, then the other resource was that the matter should be submitted to arbitration, the board lending its advice and assistance to that end. In no case, however, was it proposed that the board of conciliation should approach those who had any differences ; the board must be approached by those desiring a settlement. The London Chamber had formed a number of rules, which were very pertinent to the subject, and he thought they would be adopted, if not m their entirety, m their spirit, by all' boards of conciliation that might be formed m the country. The first thing they had to decide at that meeting was whether it was desirable that such a board ! of conciliation should be formed m Hull. He might say that the. subject had been introduced before; that they had had some conferences with the leaders of the labor party, who were decidedly m favor of such a board. It now remained for the chamber to decide whether they would take the initiative m attempting to form such a board. He moved—' That, m the opinion of this chamber, it is desirable to form a board of conciliation for the pre-' vention or settlement of labor disputes.' "Mr H. F. Smith, J.P., had great pleasure m seconding the resolution which had been" proposed from the chair. He thought they must all fully recognise that the relationship between capital and labor had been very much altered during recent years, and recognising the fact, and seeing also that the altered circumstances must lead every now and then to differences of opinion involving a dislocation of trade, it became their duty to see the best way to avoid those dislocations, and when they occurred to remove them as speedily as possible. The working classes of this country had been taught by the capitalists the power of combination, and they were now adopting the same principle, so as to better their conditions of life, and to obtain better payment for their industry. .So far so good. He was a trades unionist thoroughly, and he believed that the trades union principle further developed would be of great advantage to all classes m the country. He was sure that it could beriefit no community to have a large trade based upon labor paid a*-, a rate which would only just sustain life, keeping the great bulk of the people only one re move from pauperism. He believed the prosperity of a nation depended Upon, as nearly as possible, a fair division of the results of trade and industry, and he for one unhesitatingly said that m the last few decades the industrial classes had not had their fair share of the grosa increase of the prosperity, through trade and commerce, which tha country had enjoyed. That share might have been reduced and had been reduced owing to many reasons. The ramifications of the question were so great and wide that he should be sorry indeed to intrude all his views ou that question, and so engross the time of the meeting. He believed that if the people of this country had been a little more provident and had a little more power these struggles would have come earlier. The working men were finding power now rapidly, and they only wished to approach such as those at that mooting on amoye equal footing, and to dis« cuss these questions m a mare independent and less servjle way than hitherto had been the case m a great many instances. He had been through a great many strikes, Some of them, he admitted, had been very foolish, and others had been justified, The individual employer was not always to blame, even if the men had right on their side, because he might form one of a class, or be tied down by trade regulations which tied hia hands from doing what he would do were he m an independent position. He hailed with very great delight the adoption of these boards of conciliation as one of the only means of cutting this Gordian knot. Co operation had been triedj b^ut: \\, ]u\d riofc yet attained very great dimensions m this country; What it would do m the future they did not know, but m the meantime they wanted to recognise, as employers, that these men had' a perfect right to combine. Combination was the duty of the men, The latter had the. same $\\\ty to make, tjie b.est ci| tlielr, lafour' 'as employee?' 'had to make'th.e best qf the lnaterial they manufactured. The com bination of the men, of course, ought to be kept within proper limits. There ought to be no intimidation, and to avoid that employers ought to recognise the rights of the men, meet them on an even footing, and discuss matters fairly as between ;v,en and men. Theso b^ar&j of. oonciliation, he thought, would bothe "easiest arid best method of. settling disputes. He gave the delegates of the men with whom he had been brought m contact credit for being very able and intelligent' Weil, and, «IP far as l|e &$ qe^n, $iqso. de^eg^fces, wisjiqei ' tq">aHe «v broad and faiV view of the difficulties of the oaso. The representatives of the men seemed to recognise their responsibility, and very heavy that responsibility was, affecting as it did the social happiness and misery of those who trusted fco thorn for guidfWjije,. Hes ghould bo very gfcici in^ deef t<>'d.o all h^fiowd 1 foV further the de velopmehli of this matter.' It was high time something was done, and the sooner they could get to work the better. There was a great spirit of unrest now aftoftt, and fcllP moaner, ooi^d. al^aiiy Irrita [ tjon fincf remove all' cause for "conflicts, which involved so much trouble to em -1 "jlOyers fti'iyi 5.0 much misery to the em- I ployed, so much better for them all,— (Anplau^.) I V'Jn reply to Mr Jackson, the Presi dent said the first thing to be done was for the chamber to decide whether they would form a board of conciliation, and then a committee would be formed to meet the men and fujly discuss the mutter, They sufficiently knew the feeling of the men on the question. "The resolution was carried unani mously." '

When Marriage is a Failure.

Marriage is a failure without the shadow of a doubt, when either party marries for money. When the lord of creation pays more for cigars than his better half does for hoisery, boots and bonnets. When one of che parties engages m a business not approved of by the other. When both parties persist m arguing over a subject upon which they never hare and never can think alike. When neither husband nor wife ever takes any vacation. When the vacations are taken by one side of the house only. W rhen a man attempts to tell his wife what style of a bonnet she must wear. When a man's Christmas presents to his wife consist of bootjacks, shirts, gloves, and neckties for himself. When the watchword is " Each for him and her—self." When dinner is not ready at dinner time. When he snores the loudest and she lights the fire. When ''father"takes half the pie and leaves che other half for the one that made it and eight children. When the children are given the neck and back of the chicken. When the children are obliged to clamor for their rights. When the money that should go for a book goes for that which only one side of of the house knows anything about. When there is too much latch-key manipulati m by " father." When politeness, fine manners and kind attention are reserved for company or i risits among acquaintances.

The Jubilee Plunger in Court.

In the London Bankruptcy Court on July 3rd the public examination took place of Ernest Benzon, known as the " Jubilee Plunger," who has succeeded, since 1887, m getting rid of £250,000, which he inherited under his father's will. Besider suffering from the vicissi tudes of fortune Mr Benzon has recently had another experience, having undergone a term of imprisonment m Monte Carlo. The unsecured indebtedness amounts to £19,688 of which £10,000 is for money borrowed, LISOO for jewellery, and £4441 m respect of a deficiency under a bill of sale. The insolvency is reported by the Official Receiver to be due to losses by betting and gambling, and to ex travagance m living.—Upon examination by Mr Wreford (Senior Official Receiver), the bankrupt said that he had no occupa tion. He attained his majority m April 1887, and then became entitled 'o £250,000. He had uncontrolled pos session of the property, and had spent all the money. He got through it all by November, 1888. It was after he went abroad that he heard of a re ceiving order having been made against him. He heard of the receiving order about Nov. 29th last, and immediately took steps to return to this country, but got into trouble at Monte Carlo, and was detained m custody there. He returned to this country immediately he was set at liberty, and placed himself m the hands of the Official Receiver. He was now dependent for his livelihood upon the in terest of £15,000 m consols which was vested m trustees. He believed that fund was provided so that he might not starve,. and the trustees had absolute control over it. He now received £7 a week for his support. He had contracted debts for guns and jewellery, but had none m his possession now ; they had been parted with or given away. His only asset was a claim of £13,000 odd for money lent, and for which judgment had been recovered.— Mr Wreford : And-how. did- you manage to get through the'£2so,ooo ?^Th© bank rupt said it went m betting and racing also m cards and pigeon shooting.—Mr Wreford: You have published a book have you not entitled " How I Lost and Spent £250,000 m Two Years ?"—The bankrupt said he had, and he was to receive a third of the profits, but there were no profits. He had, however, re ceived £400 or £500 from the book, and had not sold the copyright. He wrote very hard for the book, and it had a large sale abroad. It was not true, as alleged, that all lie had to do with the book was to write his name under his portrait.— Mr Wreford : What expectation had you of paying the debts which you contracted between 1888 and 1889 ?—Tho bankrupt said there was the debt of £13,000 due to him, and he thought it would be paid. The examination was adjourned,— (Home Paper.) .

MUSICAL NOTES.

The '< Sydney Daily Telegraph" says : -*-" When the veteran basso Mr W. H. Poole, first conceived the idea, arising from a visit he wished to pay some friends m Adelaide, of bringing Mr. Santley to Australia, the intention was that the matter should begin and end with that speculation. Then the knowledge of Lady Hallo's illhealth, joined with enthu siasm with which the baritone had been received, suggested the second and more daring scheme of a concert tour m Aus tralia by Sir Charles and Lady Halld, The immediate consequence of $heir great success has be,ejn_ fchs' engagement by Mr Bqole. of-a second concert party. Whether Signer Sarasate, the famous violinist, will eventually visit these shores is not yet decided, but atanyratehewillnotform one of the next company, as its strength will be purely vocal. Mine Patey f Signor Foli are the star^ W-ho,' will next appear m Sydney, ancTitfc is announced th,a,fc' they. Vli sail from England on. August t. Janet Monach Patey (nee Whytock) succeeded Mme. Sainton Dolby as the representative English, con tralto singer on the retirement of that lady m 1870. Her voice was trained- m early life by Mrs Sims? ftpfcvs* a,nd Ciro Pinsuti, and hc^ §?& maykecl success was ga?,ne,d^ tii.o" province's' with a concert party managed by Mr Lemmens (the. great Flemish organist) and; heada^ by his wife, Mrii.e. Lemmfmq:.&herrmgfcon, the famous sonVauo, Mmc, ' Patey.' has appeared public under that name, singe *M#, n)jarrijage. m, 1868. with John George Patey,' now- know. a,s, a music publisher, b.ufy widely known 30 years ago as a bari tone winger m English opera at CoVent Garden and an Italian operaat the Lyceum Theatre during the season of 1861. Mme. Patey's voice is a strong and heavy con tralto of great power, and her fla^a W U< ry breadth has en^bJ^l j^ 'for t j le j agt tWWity y,ea.rs to nil a 1! the most important ortvfcono' ' 'engagements. In 1871 she visited America with Miss Edith Wynua (soprano), Mr W. H. Cum.mii>;- #enor) and Mr Santley, »,$$ fc^. years later she sang \\\ .frenoh the contralto music of the |» Messiah", m four performances given ra Pans under the direction of M. Lamoureux. She then made so £.v,oat *n impression that after she had, fe&o'heard !? "°l B;?^, "A &fc w»t tho Paris jppiKserv.j>tow«, tho directors of that insti tution had. medals struck m her honor, a compliment rarely accorded to any singer."

THE WEATHER.

ALFORD STATION

The following is the Meteorological ±te port for the week ending August 24, 1890:—

Three Crimean Episodes

At the storming of the Redan a privai c soldier of the Coldstream Guards, named Berry, was anxious to be chosen as a volunteer for the forlorn hope. He was not selected, however, but he was deter~ mined to be there, for he took hia rifle .and a)l his comrades' cartridges he could find and secretly joined the band of de voted men who were waiting m the ; trenches, with muskets m one hand and scaling ladders m the other, under the command of Captain (afterwards General) Wyndham, for the pre-concerted signal. When it came at last and the rush was made upon the fort, Wyndham was first |. into the Redan, and he was considerably astonished to find that the next man im mediately behind him was a private of his own regiment—and, moreover, the very man whose application to serve aa a volunteer had been refused. The gallant officer soon had cause to rejoice that Berry was present, for the latter laid about him to such an extent as to save more than once or twice, his commander's life. After thefightthebraveOoldstreamer was tried by court-martial for disobedience of orders, but, under the circumstances of the case, he was considered by the court to deserve an honourable acquittal. No cross or other distinction was ever awarded him for his bravery m the Redan. Many brave acts were done at Inker man which have never been recorded m any gazette or received any special re cognition. In the dim light of that foggy November morning, deeds were done that were never surpassed even by the Romans of old—the Coldstream Guards them selves (mustering only four hundred strong, with sixteen officers) emulating the fame of Horatius by holding a two gun battery (minus the gun), the key of the English position, without assistance, for several hours against the whole Russian army, some seventy thousand strong, Every man of the little band— and every boy, too, for there were drum-, mer-boys under sixteen years of age pre sent —was a hero m the truest sense of the word. The officers were cut down nearly to a man, only three out of the sixteen being enabled to leave the field without being carried from it. In one case—that of Captain Ramsden, who was well-beloved by the men of his company—several men formed a rampart around him when he was suddenly surrounded and attacked by. a whole horde of the enemy. Many of them fell dead at his.feec, and amongst' those who were severely wounded was a little drummer-boy, who, with the rather toy-looking sword which had often deco rated his person at the guard mountings at St. James's Palace, had defended his captain with such energy that his sword was found broken at his side. Unfortu nately, however, the bravery thus exhibi ted by these heroes did not save their; captain from being struck down and bayoneted. A bugler, Alexander Price, having, when the atnunition began to fail, been ordered to sound the ' Cease firing !' obeyed the order, and while doing so observed a Russian soldier presenting his loaded musket within a few inches of the head of the .sergeant-major. Without waiting to finish the bugle call, he took the instrument from his mouth and dashed it right m the teeth of the Russian m question, who pulled the trigger at the same moment but missed his aim. Tho bugler, later on, was severely wounded^ but eventually recovered, and lived for many years afterwards with a ball m his left side, which at the time of his death had worked down to his thigh, and from which, had he lived a little longer, it would no doubt have been extracted, ;

Melbourne Hospital.

Giving evidence before the Melbourne Charities' Commission, Dr Youl said that the bed .space and air space m the Mel bourne Hospitalare altogetherinsufficient. Patients newly operated upon are placed m the next bed to sufferers from pyoemia without any protection; the place is saturated'- with septic disease, and the bricks of which it is constructed are so porous that on a blowpipe being put against them the current of air on the other side is strong enough to blow a candle out. Referring to the want qf space m the hospital, Dr Youl sfca^ that patients succeeded each qthej?. so, lujokiy that m one week ho. haci held jnquests on three bodies tftfcejn oin,e after the other from ons bed.' Not one was empty two hours, a^d the beds never got sufficient rest to ensure absolute immunity from the disease which the patient suffered from. In England the highest death-rate m $ hospital, the doctor stated, was 7 per. sent. In the Melbourne Hospita} J&e, cfcatWate was 17 per. <jsn> A aiid. m the Alfred" I^csj>ita4 1$ pelcent,

The Land Question New South Wales.

A New South Wales journal says:— The land question, which has always been as important m New South Wales as m i *ny other place, is. destined to, become of still greater importance when the pres ■ sure of population fc wore keenly felt. Even at fch.©, present time, notwithstanding ; \r\ntf aote ostensibly passed as much m the interests of the poorer class of agricul i tuxists. and pastorajists; as of the richer, I the. era of large eseatea has commenced. I \.t the close of the year 1888 there were 11,193 holdings of 400 acres and upwards m extent, as compared with 6938 m 13$*8, or an increase of 61 per cent \n 10 years. But as a holding of 400, cannot be said to be of extreme extent, it is neces i sary to go, a seep or two further to judge o£ihe, increase m big runs .within a i^eent i period. At the end of 1888 there were ' 580 holdings of more than 10,000 acres each, comprising together 20,95"2,187acre5. These : figures, show-that the average area of those j extensive runs is no less than 36,159;aer€s6^ 'V This enormous extent of- country x * says ; Mr Coghlan m his "'Wealth. $,nd Progress :of New South W«ses* Vl forms about 53 per cent of.fc}i£. oocupied lands, exclusive of wh/sfc. i-s held under lease by tenants of tka Grown, and represents about half the entire alienated lands of the colony,. This enormous area is m the h»R<ds. of only 580 occupiers." And p'&foaMy the percentage of act,u#J tw wominal occupiers is very s/xias indeed. Accordingly, a i i^anagei'. is appointed for a large property ! at no very princely income and the pay <$ the station hands is calculated the. minimum rate of the market^ I'he. bulk of the wealth of the co^owy. then, yeav after year, is rpaWi«6ed to the half dozen plutocrat?* who term their firm a land ami mortgage company, ai\d who only reel interested m Australia when, from, any ca\^ « reduction m ths. usual dividend takes place. The time may come—when Austrafo shall make her own laws and have her own courts—when these immense esfcafcos that forbid settlement of small' holders m the Ticinity will >c broken up, hi\l\ the j reyßiiues which are remitted sft regularly iq, th»ae who, have, no iptQr^|i m 4 W . j

ralian soil, except a pecuniary one, will go towards the support of a people resi dent upon and thoroughly identified with the country. Legislation to this end is being contemplated m the United. States, -md when a precedent is formed m one country it is very quickly followed m an othor where similar conditions prevail.

TELEGRAPHIC

HOME AND FOREIGN.

[per press association,]

London, August 22 and 23. Lieut-General Clarke is recovering. By an explosion of gunpowder at a factory at Waltham Abbey, m Essex; two persons were blown to pieces. Particulars of the AnglQ-Portugu.es© Convention are published. Portugal is allotted. Mozambique, Angola and Loanda. England secures the right to the southern shores o£ Lake Nyassa. The Shire Islands and Blantyre tariffs are restricted, and reciprocal rights have been arranged for. The naviga tion of the Zambesi is to be free. The Colonial Smithfield Meat Freez ing Company, with a capital of £100,000 has been registered. Its operations will be confined to Queens land. . Henry George approres of the Sal vation Army Emigration scheme. The "Economist," m referring to harbor boards m New Zealand asserts that the Government of the colony has shown a lamentable absence of care and financial rectitude ovsr; theTara naki Harbor Board. The medical officer of Clonakilty, county Cork, reports that 3000 people m the district will be m a starving condition within a month unless assis tance is rendered. Washington, August 22. Mr Blame, Secretary of State, is opposed to the Behring Sea difficulty being referred to arbitration. The President of the United States ! has been empowered to prohibit im ports from any country excluding American meat. New Yo&k, August 23. San Salvador has rejected the terms of peace offered by Guatemala, and it is believed that war will be renewed. Bubnos Ayrbs, August 22. Several members of the new Minis try, appointed by Dr. Carlo Pelligrini, the President, have resigned. Constantinople, August 22. Reports from Armenia state that the disturbances there are increasing, and much alarm is felt. Vienna, August 22.; A serious hurricane has been exper ienced m the province of Styria and the National Exhibition at Garatz, the capital, was destroyed. Bbene, August 22. The cyclone which passed .over tho region of the Jura mountains resulted m 100 lives being lost. The Claude Cathedral tower was destroyed, and many factories collapsed.

INTERPROVINCIAL

Auckland, August 23. The Wainui, which has arrived from. her usual Island trip, brings news thafc. the Island of Tofia m the Tongaft gtovg^ is again m a state of active eruption. The Auckland Law Society held ai special meeting to consider the conduct of MrS. M. Humphreys, solicitor, m con nection with a bill of costs, rendered by him to a client, but the matter was not proceeded with, as Mr Humphreys, wrote resigning his position, • Wellington, August 24. The coal merchants of tbe city .'announce that, owing to the mine-owners having advanced the price, they are compelled to make a rise m fehe prices, charged to the public. The public were afforded yesterday the novel spectacle of witnessing a drag hunb iby train. The Wellington Hunt Club had a hunt from Tawa Flat to Porirua, and the country hunted over was between the Wellington and Manawatu Bailway line and the main road, a good view being obtained from either. The company "laid on a special train, which conveyed, ©rer 1000 excursionists, and after the throw off the speed of the train was reduced so as to keep abreast of the huntsmen. The road was lined with vehicles, of all descrip tions. The whole affair- was a great suc cess, and fortunately Rome of the spills were of a serious, nature. The Feilding. hounds \yem. (secured for the occasion* Oamauu, August 2& I Aj» old man named Johnston, who. re aides at Moeraki, and who had admitted to the police, after a search had been made on his premises, that fes had stolen several bags of oais,; attested to commife suicide. He stood or, the edge of a water hole, and, singing ottt to attract attention, jumped into, the water after he saw he had beei\ natieed. H e was dragged out, when. Jjt was found th# he had tied a bag of stones around his neck.

Execution of Major Panitza.

Major Pauitea was shot on Saturday morning, June 28, at Sofia. All the tele grams describing the execution report that he met his doom bravely. Prince Ferdinand signed his death warrant on board ship at Lorn Palanka, being then on his way to Vienna. Panitza went to bed on Friday night without knowing that he was to be executed on the morrow. On Saturday morning, at ten o'clock, he was driven from the house of detention to the drill-ground of the sarewtter encampment outside the city m. a closed carriage. A priest and a gendarme were with him. On arriving at the ground Panitga took the Holy Communion from the priest, said a prayer, and walked j with a firm, step towards a tree, against which he whs told to stand. The whole garrison of bhe camp—that is, fbuir 'regi ments of infantry and one of artillery— were drawn up on the ground, and Panjtzti, recognising several of the officers, saluted them as he passed. When he reached the tree a sergeant stepped, for ward to blindfold him, but he took' the handkerchief from the man's hstftds and adjusted it himself, crying m a Joud voice, before he did so, " Long-,lro> !" Panitza was then tied round 1 the chest and waist to the trunk.of the;tree, and a firing party of twenty-one soldiers, commanded by a suh4ieatenant* took up its position at, $wonty paces from him. The com mand was hot given by word of mouth but by strokes of ft*, officer's sword, and at the third, cut of the sword through the m the squad fired. Death was instantaneous, and Siibsertuehtlv it w^ftMtnd- that all the twenty-one bullets had: struck. Immediately after- the execu - toon the troops w.ere .maisched back to I their quarters m companies, all filing ipasfc the tree were Panitza stood, half fallen, with his head drooping. When ; the corps© had been exposed for an nour it was. carried off the ground m a c«rt and handed over to the dead man's ! widow. Mdme. Pamtzsi did not hear that fler husband was to be executed until eleven o'clock on Saturday morning, when he %vas already dead. ,Tlio remains of 'Ma|or PaqjP;za were buried on Sunday afternoon m the cemetery of Sofia, his widow and ,i. few friends- only beinsr present. There was no public: dettvwstra* jti.Qn.Qf. ajuykiud.

THE ASHBTJKTON GUARDIAN, MONDAY, AUGUST 25, 1890.



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bliacie. High Low.lHighSun.

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Monday . Fuesday ... Wednesday riiursday... Friday i>aturday ... Sunday ...

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34- 65* 126" 30- 63» 122 --- 60- 118 --- 60' 115 --- 53- 110 --- 57- 117' 24- 60- 119-

Fine, N.W. „ W. „ N.WtoS.W „ N.E. 1,, calm

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As the whirl of, fc,y,s again ushered m the busy spring, and to be prepared to supply the requirements of Nature and of their numerous patrons, Messrs J. Scaly and Co. have completed their selection of seeds' which are of the choicest quality obtainable' and which include clovers, turnips, v»»n' golds, carrots, rape, perennial ryegrass," cocksfoot, elephant a weed, garden, and flower seeds m endless varities, and garden requisites of every description. For the convenience of patrons who cannot make their purchases during the day the premises will be open to nine p.m. on Saturday even ings on and after the iQli August, j. Scaly and Co. have also empty tanks for sale,—



DEAF FORTY YEARS! The tit, scrij. tion of a simple remedy, jajy which ft cowplefe cure of deafness %nd noises m the had of JJPorfcy Years' Stand ing has just been effected, will be sent FREE tc anyone who applies to J. H. Nicholson, 175 William Street, Mcl: bourne.



The best medicine known js SANDBE and SONS' EUCALPTI EXTRACT. ' Test its eminent powerful effects m coughs, "colds, innuouzA,, $;<;.— the rolief is instajit'aijcbus. Thousands give the most gratifying testi mony. His Majesty the King of Italy, and medical syndicates all over the globe, arc its patrons. Read the official reports that accompany each bottle. Wo have no occa sion to offer rewards m proof of the genuine ness of our references. The official reports | of medical clinics and universities, the ofiicjaji Cf)iun)Uificati^n r,f tht* C»>nsid<G£iH)ral for Italy at Melbourne; the diploma awarded International" Exhibition," Amsterdam—all these are authentic documents, and, as such, not open to doubt. We add here epitome of one of the various cases treated by Siegen, M..&, PpKjfiiiisor, etc, fyjrnimj of tlig };ight ha'ijd through the explosion of a qinaU'oil store. The epidermis on the vo'lar and palmer side of the hand of the thirty-year old patient was completely separated and lifted up as far as the joint of the hand. T-h# Uli'b>y}s^ h'ffad nails were hanging looses and hai'f'ojftfte^liaJii^v'cf tlia 'n^l of tha middle finger waß%i}£l#f, ''.'i^'e'WuniJ's'th'ns contracted healed m three weßks" wider daily application of Eticalyptl Extract dressing. The patient has retained the full ifse of the hand.—(Advt.) 1 There is no^ t^ ]$ spn fn t|jp shop window of Messrs'.! 'Sgaly find Co,, tyjast .street, a collection of apples showing some of the sorts grown at the Nurseries, Riverba.uk, that will repay inspection by ny one. whii poiijJßinnlatpn planting fruit plants 'tyhpa fijs fy}Wtr4s> pi fi%dif ereiit kinds phq'wn, fiJf valuable, long keeping sorts. For 'size, color, and general excellence they are by far the finest that have been shown m Ashburton this season,- (,\dv It w'il\ hfi U\ i\)s rftCKillpction qf ths public that my Qolleotion pf apples bjiowfi m fyfr Clayton's shop m East street, being sixty-six varieties, and also those which took two first awards at the Dunedin Exhibition and various other places, was pronounced to be the largest and best ever shown m the Ash hurtpu pcjuHty, J. woidd draw their atten tion tn advertisijmpjit ei^whei;e,, As o.nly work on blight-proof stocks than M'iiich no other stocks can be relied upon, the roots of my apple trees do not require to bo washed before sending out. James Porter, nursery man, Alleutou.—Adyt ' '



Wantetl. CASH Advertisements under this heading not exceeding SIXTEEN WORDS 1/-. Addresses may be left at this Office. A^TXSHBURTONSociaIof Season, 0 .\-uige Hall, Wednesday 27th insfc., 8 p.m. s 8 154 "r)lANOSrP^aiir,~fi^Tlui(led from the X" Manufacturers," excellent value, sold on easy monthly payments. —H. M. Jones. "TTTANTED Known that the Rev P. VV R. Monro's Lecture on Robert Burns will be given on Tuesday first, at the Oddfellows' Hall, Ashburton. 8 ldb MRS QHEPPARD, of Ohvistchurch, O will Address the Public Meeting of the W.C.T.U. on the Exten sion of the Franchise to Women, Odd fellows' Hall, 27th. BJ£2 F'lT" ( \ T\\ T T Annual Public W >\ ■'• !• U • Meeting m Odd fellows Hall on Wednesday next 27th inst. Addresses by ministers and others in terspersed with music. Tea at 6 p.m., tickets Is 6d. 8 140 STOP" Thar'Co^lT^Fiower's~Co"ugh Drops are thebest—see that the name is stamped on every ons. H. G. Flower, Confectioner, East street. "ORESENTS. -If you want good Talue I for money go to Melford House. Extra value now being given away m presents. E?erything marked cheap.— H. C. Segers. , *,- ANTED KNOWN—The Strong- V \ Wear Boot for Men, Women and Children can only be had at W. H. Collier's. BOOTS, BOOTS.—" Keep your fee Dry and save Doctor's Bills. I har« a splendid Stock m now. Try my D©uble-soled Shooters. Every pair Guaranteed. Robkrt Alcorn, Ashbur ton Clothin? Mar*, Saunders' Buildings. ANTED Known.—For cheap Drapery, Millinery, Boots, Clothing, &c, go to Melford House. Good substantial presents now giving away.—H. C. Sbgers. WANTED every man m the. County to have a suit of the Ashburto Tweeds.—Robert Alcorn, Ashburton Clothing Mart, Saunder's Buildings. m VERY Customer will receive a JJ handsome present by purchasing their Drapery. Millinery, Clothing, &c, at Melford House. Cheapest House m town for first-class Drapery. —H. C Segers. T\, ANTED KNOWN.—A lok ai V * Ladies Cloth and Tweed Jackets, considerably under usual cost price.— W, H. Collier, "The Corner." ANTED Known Cheapest Shop to buy Tinware and Gal vanised Iron goods m Ashbarton, is at W. F. Hannaford's, Burnett Street. A «rge stock kept on hand. Tin and Iron ware goods made and repaired with dcs patch Public Notices. SPECIAL NOTICE CALL AND SEE THE GRAND DISPLxiY OF BOYS', YOUTHS 1, AND MEN'S CLO THI NG , MERCERY, HOSIERY, BLANKETS, RUGS, FLANNELS, HATS, AND CAPS, Sec. THE largest and best assorted Stock m the District; to select from, which for Value, Variety, and excellence of Manu facture, we stand unrivalled. MKASURK TNF/PARTMKNTS KASUIIK JL/KPAKT.MENTrf NEW TWEEDS AND COATINGS For the approaching Season.To Hand, SOLE AGENTS for Wertheim's latest and improved HAND and TREADLE SEWING MACHINES. NEW Z E A I A N D CLOTHING FACTORY W. H. WEBBER, Manager. fjnHITTARMERSr CO-OPERATIVE 1 FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION OF CANTERBURY, LIMITED. (To be registered unxier H The Companies Act, 1882/*) —ABRIDGED PROSPECTUS,— CAPITAL ... ... ... £100,000, Divided into 20,000 Shares at £5 each, Payable as follows : — Ten Shillings per share on application, Twenty Shilling!* i»er share on allotment, Twenty Shillings pt* ffhare m one month, if required. Balance, ;f 2'e quived, by calls of Five Shillings per share at intervals of not less than three months, Provisjowal Directors. Messrs S, Bailey* W. Boag* F. H. Brit-ton*, M, S, Campbdl* J, CJ»njpbeUt, C. Eiikw*, -h G.aninjack*, J. Urigg, J. GoiK'h*, J. Haydon*, J, Hardiet, R. L. Hirwins*, W. Henderson*, R. B. Holds worth*, J. J. Herrick*, W, B. Howellf, A. B, Inwood* J. Kellawdt, D. M'Millan*, F. D. S. Neavc* A. Par ■b<?Ftn*, J. Paire+, H. W. Peryman*, .). Bennje.*, R, H. Rhodest, E. P. Scaly*, J. T»ll>oM-, 4, W'tkoni. * Directors of Hia> '%■?). Farmers' Co operative Association s4- fi^erbury, Limited, Cliristchurch. ( t Directors of the Canterbury Farmers'' Association, Timaru. Bank*>x!-. c Bank of New Zealand, Cliristchurch { Bank, Timaru. Solicitors : Hiirpet i^.d Co., Christ church. ,§JIS(JRETAKY, pro tkm : A. H. Turn'bwM, I Api>li»itjoii*ij for share must be made upon a form m te obtained from the Secretary pro tew,, ivo offices of the New Zealand Farmers' Co-/>^ora|iva As sociation at Cliristchurch, or froju $.\q . Canterbury Fanners' Co-opevative A&-' ssociat^n at Timaru, and mv.st be for warded to pAsmv of the above addresses, together with Itiw .^.vifnt payable on ap plication. Where the }i*aiil)t}r of shares njlotted is less than fche nuaivbw- for the .surplus money forwarded vrm h& . credited m reduction of the amount' pay able on Coiiies of tivz |?/',oposed Memorandum and Articles of A»virtatjf«>n. may be in spected at either of the a,bovc-^ii r fc,!:.j;!jioned or at the offices of the Solicitor .<J. tfbp 4«jw\ciation at Cliristchurch. Applications for shares will be received up to and;inclu«in^ Wednesday, the :',oth diyof SepttJinber.neait. 8*144



Public Notices NOTICE.— ""Anyone found TreaT passing m pursuit of game or ' otherwise on the T'.'remlale Estate on and after this date will bo prosecuted. J. It. WILLIAMS. ? iTSI*k :e\ii!lL l M 7C> Sj • ' jg .. NDREW ARR'S Iri NDREW Vjßlt S GREAT gg I > £ ANJNUAL SAl.£ \ en? G ¥ 39 j DRAPERY rt H CLOTHING AND Will Commence •" W Saturday, July sth The greatest BARGAINS 5^ ever Been ip Ashburon. kg * SEE HANDBILLS. ? , ANDREW ORR. , Wonderful I W. I. BPEI6U & CO. TO MEET THE TIMES, XT AYE made a GREAT REDUCTION IN ALL DEPARTMENTS. GENERAL DEAPEEY AND CLOTHING. WE IMPORT ALL OUR OWN STOCK. NO MIDDLE PROFITS. We Sell 25 per cent cheaper than any other house m Ashlmrton. BOOTS. BOOTS. We m.'ike all our own Boots. EVERY PAIR OF BOOTS WE SELL GUARANTEED TO WEAR WELL. W. W. ? P E N C E R '3 THE ARCADE MR S S. T I M M O has removed from the Lyfctelton Boarding House to those more commodi ous and central premises, Panama Howe, Where friends, old and new, will be wel comed Accommodation tor boarders a reduced rate.'. Meals prepared mMr Tiir«n»'c W**U known style. Meals per week, lls ; Board and lodg ings, 17s 6d ; one meal daily por week, 3" 6d PEDW O0 D' S "D ATE N T * Blight Specific Is NON-POISONOUS, contains neither arsenic nor sulphate of copper ; is not only perfectly harmless to trees, but excite* growth. It is « Certain Cure for scale, American blight, codlin moth, Ac, &c, wluwe used systematically. The most effectual time to uxe it is IN WINTER, when the treets aj-c The Inventor has NUMEROUS TESTI MONIALS from those who have cleansed their Orchards. CANTERBURY AGENTS— Wholesale—-MALING AND Co., Ltd, Local Agent—D. THOMAS, West Street, Ashburton. Prico, 3s 6d per Gallon, Reduction on quai tities. 8J69 Full directions supplied. BOOKS— Thousands of Books ot every kind, including books on History Travels, Science, Religion, Fiction, &c., &#. • Account Bookn and Shitionery of orarj discription. A cheap line of En velopes afc 5s per thounaml. Fancy Go:)d«, melndmg Albums, Plioto Fiaiaes, Writing Cases, Work Boxes, Parses, Ladies' Ifa.ijd Bnjs, Gaiae."! and Puzzles. Miwic-^A I large Stock. Pianos, Accordians, Violins, ! Concetinas, &c. All Goods reduced for Cash. L. F. ANDREWEB & CO Station^ I*' Jin 11 ! U.S.S. CO MM! xJ.ii.K. j UNION STEAMSHIP COMPANY OF NEW ZEALAND, Limited. ►Stcnmers .sail as under :— From LYTTELTON TO Wellington ... Daily, except San&iy (Tuesdays and Saturdays 10 • p.m. ; other days, 5 p.m. Dunedin ... Tues., Thurs., and Sat. Nelson ... Tues., Thurs., and Sat. Onehunga ... Fri. and alternate Mons. Auckland via Ea«t Coast ... Thursday Melbourne ... Tuesday Sydney via Auckland ..., Ey^ry alternate Thursday .'Sydney via Cook's Strait .., Fwitrfglitlj PasfcCMgers may be booked to Ilo'bwt,, Melbourne, Sydney, and »H New Zealand yixte M the office of 1 ■ • OEORGE JAME f SON, Ag»n% Ashburton,