MEMORANDA.

MEETINGS, AMUSEMENTS, Etc. MosbaY; November 9 Waterton Ohnrcb—Opening Tea, at 4 p.m. Atoade Chambers—Star of Ashburton, U.A.0.D., at 8 o’clock Monday, November 16 Borongh Council, at Borough Oonnoll Chambers, at 7.30 Wednesday, November 25 Ashburton County Council —At Council Chambers, 11 a. m.

NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS.

Advertisements for The Ashburton Guardian most be sent in not later than 8 p.jh., with the number of insertion, mitten plainly on the copy, otherwise they will be inserted until counter manded, and charged accordingly. Re place Advertisements must be supplied previous to that on which they re to be inserted. Special notices can be received up to 8,80 p.m., but will be charged double ates. All notices of B rths, Marriages, or • Deaths must be accompanied by the sig of the sender, as a guarantee of jod faith. ' . All advertisements and business letters be addressed The Manager ; literary aommunicatious should be addressed to The Editor.

MAIL NOTICES.

Mails dose at the Ashburton Post Office follows For Christchurch and North at 6 a.m. 10.30 a.m., and 5 p.m-, daily. • For Ohertsey Rakaia, &c., at 10.30 a.m. 6 p.m. daily. For Dunedin, Tiuwald, Winslow, Hinds, OoUßtream, Bangitata, Orari, Winchester, •nd Geraldine, at 10 a.m. daily. For Temuka, at 10 a.m. and 4.30 p m. daily. for Timam and South, at 10 a. el, and 4.80 p.m., daily. For Greenstreet, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 10.46 a.m. For Wakanni, Elgin, Sea view, Seafield, nd Kyle, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 6.30 a.m. For Mount Somers, daily at 4.30 p.m. For Mayfield and Buapuna, on Mon days and Thursdays, at 4.30 p.m. For Aahton, Waterton and Longbeach, St 4.30 p.m. daily. For Remington, on Mondays, Wednes days, and Fridays, at 4.30 p.m. For Rowlands, on Tuesdays and Fri days at 10.30 a.m. Fox Hampstead at 9 a.m. daily. arrive at the Ashburton Pos* From Christchurch and Rakaia at 10.16 a.m., 4.35 p.m., and 7.20 p.m. From Ohertsey, &c. at 10.15 a.m. and 4.36 p.m. daily. . . . From Dunedin and intermediate places at %m. daily. Vroiax Temuka and Timaru at 10.40 a. m. and 6.80 p.m daily. From Greenstreet, Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 10 a.m. From Mount Somers, daily at 10. o am. _ , From Mayfield and Rnapnna, on Wed need ays and Saturdays, at 10.6 a.m. From Ashton, Waterton, and Long foaach at 10 a.m. daily. . _ . From Rowlands, on Tuesdays and Fn days, at 2.30 p.m. From Flemmgton on Tuesdays, Thurb 4ays, and Saturdyas, at 10a.m. From Hampstead at 9 30_«.m^daily^

The Ashburton Guardian. Magna Est Veritas et Prevalebit. MONDAY, NOVEMBER, 9, 1885. Representative System.

Mr Whitaker has made several attempts during the last seven years to introduce into the electoral laws of this colony some modification of the Hare system of representation adapted to the circumstances of New Zealand. Of course he could never have expected to carry it without an effort on the part of the people themselves —an effort strong enough to bear down the strong sense ot self-preservation which natur ally actuates the holders ot office under the present laws, A large body of men will not readily commit suicide, and it was not the nominees of Old Saram who carried the Reform Bill that left that desolate mound unrepresented in the British House of Commons. No good argument has ever been brought against the Hare system cf representa tion, and the absence of any real and valid objection to it could not be more conclusively shown than by the fact that both in New Zealand and in Aus tralia the men who dread its operation on themselves can say nothing worse against it than that it is (l complicated ” and “ beyond the comprehension of ordinary voters.” What must the opinion of such men be of the electors who send them to Parliament! We must ac knowledge that Mr Hare’s book on his system gives a little color to the only objection of its opponents. We think it would have been better if he had simply apd clearly stated his proposals and shown how easily they could be carried out, either with or without adapting them to existing systems. But instead of this his book is full of passages, not only from his own power ful mind, but from the writings and utterances of a number of the deepest thinkers and most profound reasooers on the subject of representation, includ ing Blackstone, Burke, Mill, Buckle, Holland, Grey, Guizot, Gladstone, and other eminent then, so that it requires no

small mental power and application to l master all that he has there provided for i his readers ; but it no more follows that I the elector who would vote under this i system would require to master that 1 book than that the stoker of a steam- 1 ship requires to understand all the principles that have led to the perfec tion of the machine he supplies with fuel. Under the Hare system the greatest blockhead that ever entered a polling booth could, if he pleased, vote just as he does now, i.e, t for either one of the candidates in his own district, and trouble himself about nothing fur ther. But, if he happen to have intel ligence enough to see that none of the candidates in his own district would re present his views so faithfully as a can didate in some other part of the colony instead of voting for a man who would not represent his views he would be allowed to vote for one that would. This is all that an elector need under stand about the system, but an ingeni ous, though very simple arrangement is proposed for him by which he would be preserved from throwing his vote away upon some favorite man who might prove not to want it. The prin ciple would be just the same whether each elector were allowed to vote for any candidate in any part of the colony, or in one-half of the colony, or in one quarter of the colony, but we think the first would be best, although in either case the electors would have a much wider choice of representatives than at present, and a well-known consistent man, who ably and faithfully represents some great principle would have a much better chance of being elected. It would be far more difficult and dan gerous for an unprincipled candidate to offer improper inducements to secure his election in such a wide constituency, and very narrow selfish local considera tion would be likely to tell as much against a candidate as for him. Let us suppose that it is decided to divide the colony into two electoral districts, and that the division shall be at Cook’s Straits. We will suppose that there are 6o seats to be filled by the southern district, and that there are 120 candi dates. When an elector enters a poll ing booth he has a printed alphabetical list of the 120 candidates presented to him. He erases all the names but, let us say, 20. He can then write nume rals against the names heJeaves, in the order of his preference, putting No 1 to the candidate he prefers above all the rest. Let us suppose that 60,000 electors have voted in this way. Then a candidate that has obtained 1,000 first votes is declared elected, and a thousand voting papers headed by his name and with the smallest number of other candidates attached to them, are sealed up and set aside as having done their work and elected their man. But if this candidate is a great favorite with a large party, some thousands of other voters have also put him at the head of their lists, and such votes are not to be wasted. To prevent this his name is struck out from all such papers and No 2 thereon counts as No i, or No 3 counts as No 1 supposing No 2 does not require them, and so on down the list In this way every candidate is elected who receives a thousand votes that were either originally or subse quently made first votes, and no candi date is elected who does not get named in some position on at least a thousand voting papers. This is all simple enough, but the effect of such a change on the elections would be worth ever so great an effort. In the first place tens of thousands of electors who value principle more than party, and some who will not rote at all for the narrow and bad choice that may be offered in their own districts, would come forward and vote for high principled men worthy of their choice. Then the lens of thousands who now only vote for one bad man to keep out a worse would be able to find a good one somewhere and vote for him. Then all the political, sectarian, mercenary, self-seeking, or philanthropic combinations, that now spend their efficient energies chiefly in putting in unprincipled men who will promise anything to secure votes, and keeping out all men of high principle who will boldly expose their selfishness or their sophistry, would certainly be able to send to Parliament the ablest exponents of their particular views that the colony could furnish, and in that way such undoubted curses, as their selfish interests have become at our elections, might even be a blessing, by sending to the House their most able and temperate and judicious representatives.

Mistaken Identity.

We have, during the past few days, all unconscious that wc were involved m the matter, watched the develop ment of a controversy between the 1 Dunedin Evening Star, the Timaru \ Herald, and the Timaru School Com ; raittee. Our readers will probably re ; member that some weeks ago we pub ‘ lished an article on school discipline, urging that the sexes should be separ ated in our public schools. The Even ing Star made some quotations from this article, which it attributed to the Herald, the school Committee pro tested, and th t Herald denied the author shin. At the last meetiner of the Com-

mittee one irascible member suggested that an action for libel should be insti tuted against the Star, but more tem perate counsel prevailed, and the Com mittee contented itself by demanding an apology from the misguided editor. On Thursday last the Star published the following paragraph ;—“ We have received from the Timaru School Com mittee a copy of a resolution passed by them on the and inst, in which their Chairman was authorised to deny the statement made by us, professedly on the authority of the Timaru Herald, that irregularities of a serious nature had been committed by the children attending that school, and adding that no such paragraph had ever appeared in the Timaru Herald, The excerpt was published by us in good faitb, but we have not been able to ascertain from what paper we actually took it. Of course, we accept the assurance of the Editor of the Timaru Herald that the statement complained of never ap? peered in his col®mns ; and regret that we should have been the means of cir? culatjng a report damaging to the Timaru school. Papers which have as unconsciously as ourselves copied the offending paragraph will doubtless fol low us in publishing the denial of the Chairman of the School Committee.” Strangely enough, for our Southern contemporary is always worth reading,

the Star's quotation escaped our notice, and thg above paragraph was published before our attention was directed to the mistake we have explained. We need hardly say that we regret having been the innocent cause of the misunder standing. We have hastened to make what reparation we can.

To-day 'a ths to- iy-f<*ur»h anniversary of th-; b.rthiay of H R H Albert. Kdward Prince of Wiles, heir-apparent to *he British crown.

A Volunteer review was held in Auck land to-day. at which 1,800 Volunteers were expected to be present. The various London Dock Companies have reduced their charges for storage of frozen meat.

The Auckland Agricultural and Pas toral Association’s annual show was held on Saturday in unfavorable weather. There was a considerable increase in the number of exhibits. The bank notes in circulation In New Zealand on September 30 represented a value t*f L 941,383

A rotten plank in the decking of Digby’s bridge requires the immediate attention of the local body concerned The Resident Magistrate’s Court was closed to day. The blouse Steward of the Napier Hos pital recently had low fever, and the Hospital Commit ree has'’threatened him with dismissal if he has it again. It is to be hoped that he will take the hint, and be a good boy for the future. A Southern writer says the Otago M.H. R’a are “ socially and mentally in ferior to ths representatives from any other Province." . The town has worn a deserted appear ance to-day, the whole of the places of business being closed and the townspeople away either holiday-making or taking part in the Volunteer Review at Temuka.

The Canterbury Jockey Club have cour teously Issued passes to the handiosppera of the Ashburton Racing Club for the Metropolitan Race Meeting. Notes from Southlan 1 by an occasional correspondent appear in this issue A large party of Ashburton anglers pro ceeded to Hororata on Saturday evening for a few days’ fishing. Correspondence in reference to “ Tem perance Agitation” is held over.

A valuable Newfoundland dog was acci dentally shot at the rifle butts on -atur day morning. It appears that the unfor tunate animal placed itself in front of one of she targets, and a member of the Ash burton Rifles, shooting with unaccustomed accuracy, put an end to the poor beast's life.

A cricket match was played at Rakaia on Saturday between teams represent ing the Ashburton Borough School and the Rakaia School, and resulted in a vic tory for the visitors by 47 runs The fol lowing were the scores :—Ashburton—lst innings, 70 ; 2nd do, 32 ; Rakaia—lst innings, (6; 2nd d>, 39. A. Sharp for Rakaia, and W. Kidd and W. Jamieson for Ashburton did good service for their respective sides. The ordinary monthly sitting of the Ashburton O'strict C jure will be held to morrow. Owing to the holiday we are unable to publish the Cause List as usual A lease of considerable interest to fiuck owners and others was decided in Ihe Geraldine R.M. Court by Mr H. C. S. Baldeley, R.M., on Monday last. The plaintiff Byrne Bayley claimed Lll la from the defendant William Guilfbrd, value of 18 sheep, the property of plain tiff, alleged to have been smothered owing to the negligence of the defendant’s ser vants. It appeared from the evidence adduced that a mob of sheep the property of plaintiff had trespassed on the property o ( defendant. Defendant directed his two sons to drive the sheep off hia land. While being driven across a guliy 18 of the sheep were smothered, and their value constituted the amount of the claim. Dr Foster, LL D . appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr' Hammersley for the defendant. Mr Baddeley delivered an exhaustive judgment for the defendant, ruling that the sheep were killed white a proper at tempt was being made to remove them from defendant’s land. —ln a case arising out of the first, Guilford v Bayley, claim LI2 10s for trespass rate* in respect to sheep referred to, judgment was given for L 6 6s and costs

A meeting of the Directors of the Ash* burton Caledonian Society was held at the Lyttelton Times office. Arcade, on Satur day evening. Present Messrs Stitt (Chairman), Dnncau, Johnston, Douglas, Reid, Craighead, Saunders, Dunn, and Miller, '"he Secretary (Mr J. 0. Duncan) submitted an interim statement of ac counts in connection with the late concert, showing a credit balance of about L 25 Votes of thanks were passed to the per formers at the concert, and to the local press for the gratuitous publicity they had given to the entertainment.—lt was re solved to hold the annual sports on Box ing day, Saturday, December 26, and Messrs Douglas, Dunn, Johnston, Duncan, Kidd, Thomas, Brown, Craighead, and Reid were deputed to draft a programme for submission to a meeting of Directors. After passing a number of accounts for payment, and disposing of other routine business, the meeting adjourned. The programme committee will meet on Satur day evening next. Mr W. H. Pilliet, who was formerly member for Stanmore in Parliament, died in Wellington on Saturday night after a very short illness, He had been suffering from fever.

We are advised that the office of th Royal Colonial Institute has been re moved to Northumberland Avenue, Lon don, W.C. A number of Ashburton volunteer proceeded to Temuka by a special trail leaving Ashburton at 7 15 this morning About 53 Rifles, including band, and 3( Guards paraded near the Poetshort Ij before 7 a.m., and after being pul through a number of movements, wen marched to the station and embarked oc the train. The following officers acconi' ptnied the corps:— Kiflea—Captain Don.- Us, Lieutenants Fook and Dolman: Guards —Captain Purnell, Lieutenant! Clayton and Gundry. Important notices from the Oommis sioner of Crown Lands appear in this issue.

The annual election of a Mayor for the Borough of Ashburton will take place on Wednesday, November 35. Nominations in the form prescribed by “ The Regula tions of Local Elections Act, 1876,” will be received at the T'<wq Olerk’a office till 12 noon on Tuesday, November 17. A depoeif of LlO must accompany each nomination.

Tic-Doloureux, Toothacht or any other neuralgic Pain speedily yeilds to Baxter’s Anti- Neuralgic Pills. Kidney complaint, one of the most common and yet most neglected diseases of this gpuntry, can be readily cured by the use of American Hop Bitters. Be sure and get American Co.’s make. See Holloway’s Pills.—Health or Wealth— No sane person would hesitate an instant n the choice between these two conditions. Now is the season to secure the former either by restoring or confirming it. These Pills ex pel all impurities from the systeip which fogs bul and variable temperatures en gender during winter } this medicine also acts most wholesomely upon the skin by disgorging the liyer of its accumulated bi}e, and by ex citing the kidneys to more enetm ,ic action; increases the appetite for food and strengthens the digestive process. The stomach and liver, which most disorders originate, are fully under the control of these regenerative Pills, which act very kindly yet most efficiently on the easiest bowels

The Northern express on Saturday car tied a large number of excursionists A special train from South passed through Xshburton at an early hour yesterday well filled, and to day’s trains have conveyed a large number of holiday makers to various destinations

The usual weekly mee'ing of <he Star of Metiiven Lodge, No. 270, 10. G T., was held at the schoolhonse, Mer.hveo, on Saturday evening. There was a large at tendance, and the officers for ‘he e suing quarter were installed by D strict deputy Bro A. Cook of Ashburton, assisted by Bro Rands A degree meeting was held on the Lodge closing. Three members were initiated to the second, and four to the third degree. A hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Bro Cook for his attendance and impressive execution of the Installation ceremony.

A concert was held at the Methven schoolhouse on Friday evening, in aid of the School Prize Fund. The room was tastefully decorated with pictures, kindly lent by Messrs Hibbs Brothers, and the attendance was very good, including visitors from Ashburton and the sur rounding districts. In the absence of Mr J, Jackson Mr J C McWilllam took the chair. A lengthy and'Varied programme was submitted. Space will not permit ns to notice the entertainment at any length, but Mr Seay, the headmaster, and his assistant, Miss Connell, deserve especial commendation for the manner in which the school children rendered several reci tations and musical pieces. Miss Georgina Reynolds, a young lady who has not reached her teens, performed a pianoforte solo with remarkable taste and precision The ocher performers were Mesdamea Hands, Fitzgerald, Misses Reynolds, H. Anderson, Connell, and Messrs Oarpen dale, Millar, Johnston, Nicoll, Alington, Newton, Simpson, and Coward. Mrs Fitzgerald played the accompaniments, and provided the music for the dance that followed the concert. The entertainment was in every respect a great success. The annual spores of the Christchurch Amateur Athletic Club took place at Lan caster Park on Saturday, and passed off as successfully as the unpleasant nature of the weather would permit. The Ladies’ Challenge Cop was won by F. W. Ford, the School Challenge Cup by Christ’s College. The 0 J.O. Metropolitan Race Meeting will commence to-morrow. The following are the “ tips ” of the principal sporting writers for the New Fealaud Cup “Senax” (Press) : Fusilade, Hermitage, Tiger Tim, and Lochiel; "Mazappa” (Public Opinion ): Turquoise, Black Rose, Lady HJotma, and Wapiti; “ Sir Lamoe lot” (Referee): Administrator 1, Nelson 2, Lady Emma 3. * The B.s. Guna arrived at Oooktowu on

Saturday from Thursday Island. The cap tain states that, when he left, two Papuan natives had arrived from New Guinea with a report that all the niambers of the

exploring expedition sent out by the Geo graphical Society of New South Wales bad been attacked and murdered by the natives in the Fly River district, New Guinea.—lt will a recollected that Mr T.

Jackson, of left New Zealand to join the expedition reported to bare oeeu massacred, but at present we are uuable to learn whether he proceeded to New Guinea or not.

The Telegraph Offices being closed to day we are unable to present our usual

summary of iuterprorinoial news with this issue.

It will be seen from our cabled account of Saturday’s racing at the Y.R.O. Spring Meeting that Mr D. O’Brien’s Trenton won the Canterbury Plate of 2J miles, weight for age, beating Norden feldt, Isouomy, and three others. This

third victory shows Mr O’Brien’s repre.

sentative to be one of the best, if not the beat, weigbt-for-age horses running in the colonies.

Now money is so scarce it behoves every one to be on the alert and endeavor to make there twenty shillings go as far as possible. One glance at H. E. May and Co.’s advertise meat, which appears in our columns this even ing, should convince one and all that the pro prietors of The Hall, High street, Christ church, are determined .to do their part The prices quoted for the various items are, we be lieve, lower than on any preir ms occasion, and should induce all buyers >f Diap ryand Cloth ineto (riv*

August Flower.—The most miserable beings in the world are those suffering from dyspepsia and liver complaint. More than 75 per cent of the people are afflicted with these two diseases and their effects; such as sour stomach, sick headache, ’habitual costiveness palpitation of the heart, heart burn, water brash gnawing and burning pains at the pit of the stomach, yellow skin, coated tongue and dis agreeable taste in the mouth, coming up of food after eating, low spirits, etc. Go to your druggist and get a bottle of august flower. This valuable medicine has, cured thousands and thousands of sufferers, and is known in all civilised countries. Two doses will relieve you. It costs only 3s 6d a bottle. Sample bottles. 6d.—TAnvr.

NOTES FROM SOUTHLAND.

(By a Corresponded, ) Winker is now over in Southland, but, agricultural opeiations having been delayed during the months of August and Septem ber by wet weather, farmers are still busy completing thier sowing. As a result of this lateseed-time wesball again, probably, see harvesting in progress at mid-winter. The late nor’jvesters, which were unusually atrong for this part of the country, have dried up our boggy roads and very much improved the condition of our low-lying lauds. We had very violent gales of wind here on October 29, 30, 31, and Novem ber I, and it will be Interesting to learn if Ashburton was invaded by the same stormy element on those days. These gales were the heaviest 1 have yet expert-

enoed in Southland, but, still, they were only what an Ashburton farmer would re* gard as gentle breezes. They were quite bad enough it is true for the uninsured, but I heard of no houses being unroofed, nor churches upset, nor freehold land oast upon the bosom of the ocean. There was plenty of rain here during the early spring but for some reason which it is difficult to discover, vegetation has no thriven with its accustomed vigor. Young grass sown in the autumn is less forward than usual, and the old pastures ate backward. Lambing is now over, and shearing will commence as soon as arrangements can be made with shearers with regard to price. At present shearers object to 12s 6d a

hundred offered, and it is unlikely that any of the man will take work in the sheds at that price. Personally I suould be vary sorry to see any material reduction in the rate of wages, but 1 fear a modi fication of present demands mast be made —not, perhaps, to the extent suggested by the leading squatters, but still some* thing substantial. A meeting of the principal fiockmasters was held some days ago to discuss the rates for shearing. Mr Gardiner, of Birchwood, was the only one of the assembled magnates who displayed ' anything like a liberal and comprehensive 1 view of the matter He suggested that i

the non-success of many of their agricul tural and pastoral undertakings was not due so mqch to high wages as to extor tionate charges for transit and sale. My principle is “ to live and let live,” and, as it has been very truly said, “ many bauds make light work,” 1 fail to see why every man in the land, from the bishop to the village blacksmith, or indeed, I may say, “ frorq h'oa who gits on the throne to those who go down to the mill,” should not be called upon to bear a share of the present depression. If we go in for re trenchment it should be equitably ad j irttad. Lawyers, doctors, auctioneers, oankers, commission agents, civil servants, and even newspaper proprietors, (as well •i (how engaged in agriculture! work,

must put their shoulders to the wheel, and do their utmost to dispel the cloud of hard times. I cannot understand how all kinds of goods can now be carted from the Bluff to Invercargill by road, a dis tance of 20 miles, at a lower rate than by rail Is it due to horse work being cheap ened by one half while the wages of our civil servants remain as they were in the most prosperous days of the colony, or can it be that onr railways are a huge commercial failure? Horae feed is cer tainly cheap, so too are food, clothing, and all other necessaries of life, and carters and ploughmen are receiving the utmost the farmers ctfh afford to ray, but, while the salaries of the civil servants remain unaffected, I must protest against the attempt to harshly reduce the wages of the working men. However, as an old colonist, I feel that out of these evil days good may come, and that, too, before many days have passed. —Since I commenced this letter, yesterday, we have had a very heavy fall of snow, completely changing the aspect of the country and, I fear, doing much harm to stock owners. The sudden change in the weather—snow lying a foot deep on the low lands and much deeper on the hills—has prevented me visiting the newly discovered gold field at Longwood I will, however, write you on the subject at the first opportunity, and in the meantime commend an excel lent report appearing in the Western Star to your perusal. P.E.

CORRESPONDENCE.

-Ve do not hold ourselves responsible (or the opinions expressed by our correspondents.

EGG HATCHING.

To the Editor.

Sir. —Now that the Russians are not coming, and our Parliament is over, and the Premier has told his constituents how well he has loosed after their interests, and the Treasurer has delighted tSe citi zens of the Plain by assuring them of bis heartfelt interest ” in the West Coast Railway, and Mr Ivess has told his con stituents what he thinks of your paper, and how long it is going tj last, 1 am afraid yon will have to be content with . more humble snbj acts, and to descend ji from the great delusions to the small realities of New Zealand life; so that perhaps, on some particularly dull day, you may descend so low as to give aoo • lama to a letter from me on the very homely subject of hatching eggs. I have more than once publicly expres sed an opinion that we should arrive at a - more really useful knowledge as to the treatment of our domestic animats, by carefully observing and accurately re cording facts, than by the perusal of any amount of theory or assertion, written even by oar most accomplished authors ; and it is under this impression that 1 think it worth while to ask you to give publicity to the teachings of a little accident that occurred to a nest of hens* eggs last month. Some of your readers will remember that in my book on “ Domestic Birds ” 1 had occasion to point out how entirely , inaccurate were the opinions of both Mr Tegetmeier and Mr Wright on the subject of how mush chilling setting eggs will bear, and at what period they will bear it the longest. 1 have there given a record of experiments made upon eighty egga proving that eggs would stand a great deal more neglect than either of those authors supposed, and that instead of being more tender at first, as asserted by Mr Wright, or at last, as stated by Mr Tegetmeier, the moat critical period la at the middle stages on the'3th 9th and 10th days. Although Mr Wright states on page 64 that “ half an hour’s absence is suf ficient to chili or .addle eggs at the com- ; mencement of incubation," I have proved that when produced by they will bear twelve houra’ absence of the hen, even in the night, daring either the first or last 6 or 7 nights. The eggs on which I experimented for the results recorded in my bo< k, were entirely expo sed daring twelve night hoars on • carpenter’s beach with no straw under them and with rather a cold east wind blowing over them. What I think that I hare now die coverd by accident is, that in a deep straw nest well protected from all winds, hardy eggs will s and in moderate jweather 20 hoars’ absence of the hen even on the moat critical night and day, i.e the ninth, and that the necessary hardiness can be given by the hen almost irrespective of the uoimpared vitality of the cock. Now for the facta that led me to these conclusions, and, as there ia a decided flaw in my evidence, I trust that some of your practical readers will be able either to confirm or to refute my conclusions. It will be seen that I cannot prove that the hen was absent for twenty hoars, bat that the circumstantial evidence is strongly in favour of that supposition. Still no snob important practical fact should be left to rest on evidence that is at all defective, and. If cone of yonr readers can do so, I will take an early opportunity to clear up that doubt. On the 6th of October I pat 10 Lang ahan egga under a sitting ben borrowed from one of my neighbors.. She had been induced to adopt a neat in a small pent open only to the north-west. The nest was a warm sang one surrounded with straw more than a foot deep and a good thickness of straw under it. The hen sat very closely, coming off for a very short time each day at abont noon, and-. returning of her own accord to her adopted nest. On the 16th of October 1 was away from home and did not look at her neat until 9am on the 16th. I then found the nest forsaken, the eggs cold, and the hen sitting on a neighboring nest To all

appearance, and in all probability, ahe had come off at the usual time on the 15th, and returned to the wrong neat. This is made almost certain by the regular habits of the hen both before and after that day, by the fact that she came off at the usual time on the 16tb, after being restored to her right nest, which she ’• would hardly have done if she bad been off that morn-

ing ; but far more than all by the fact that, although the hen had sat very closely, she hatched two days after the right time, i e-the 29 th, instead of the 29th. This I have never known to occur except when eggs have been exposed for many hours or have had more than ope sirions chill. I have no record of the minimum temperature of the night on which the eggs were left, bat it was cold, without frost, with a south-east wind blowing. If the eggs had been ordinary ones 1 should have thrown them to the pigs and pat another batch tinder the hen,, bat they were from an imported pallet, which I highly valued, so that T let the ‘ ben continue to sic with a faint hope that she msght hatch a chick or two. On the twenty-third day of aittlng ahe hatched 9 chicken from 10 eggs and the tenth egg contained a chick that had lived at least 20 days, so that none of them could have died on the night that they wers for saken, So much for what hardy eggs will stand.

Another question of qnite as great practical interest to those of os who have studied the subject ia how did these pure bred eggs come to be so hardy. In my “ Domestic Birds,” pages 111, 112 and 1131 have shown, by a record of experi ments and accidents, that breeding in and in, and other causes of weakness in the hen producing the egg affected the chicken in the eggs even mb r e than it affected them afterwards, and that eggs produced by bens that bad been bred in four, five or six generations would stand no chills at* any period of iaeabatioo, and that the chicken in such eggs could not’ get oat of the shell if there were the WffhUti redaction of twapawtqre «( qg

THE ASHBURTON GUARDIAN, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1886.



Wanted WANTED —A good boy about 16, to make himself gene-ally useful. Apply Central Hotel. 11 980 WANTED, to Sell—A quantity of Fat Lambs. Apply Ur Hardlbt, East street. 11 957 V IT ANT*D—To purchase a good camp V ? Waggon. Address stating price and size to 0. Rbid and Co., Tinwald 10 932 WANTED Known—l am selling large boxes of Bryant and May’s vestas at 8d per box.— F. Clark, Hairdresser and Tobacconist, East street. 7 100 WANTED Known.—Down again ! What, the price of wheat 1 No. But the pi ice of meat. Lamb, fore quarters, 2s 6d ; hind-quarters, 3s fid. Best sausages in the town, 5d per lb, at Baker and Go’s, London Butchery, Tan cred street. 11 971 WANTED Known—A really good White Crystal Sugar, 3d per lb; Dried Apples, fid ; Ling Fish, fid ; Fresh Herrings, 7d ; Salmon, 8d ; Sago, 3d ; Tapioca, 3d ; at J. McGregor's, Ta noted street. 11 936 WANTED Known The Cheapest House in Town for first class Millinery end Drapery, H. 0. Sbqbbs, East street. WANTED Known—That R. Lancas tbr is Selling Lamb at 3s the fore quarter, and 4s hind quarter ; mint given in. Green peas given in later on in the season. 9 638



a USTRALIAN MERCANTILE UNION INSURANCE A UNION COMPANY. Th® OKl's Company in Canterbury ymtmi did mot Raise Rates 33J pbk CENT OK Country RISKS. WK ABB MOW, AS WB HAVE BEEN FOB TOTt FAST THBBB YEABS, ACCEPTING BISKS irffi FBB oemt. off tabiff. w. B. MOSS, Agent for Ashburton District. September 22, 1885. 9 616 IjTltg THOROUGHBRED HO SE Perkin Warbeck n, (By Perkin Warbeck—Miss Kate), Will Stand this Season at GROVE FARM, TINWALD (See Cards). For forth*”! particulars, apply to 9 026 E. GATES, Tinwald [O TRAVEL this season the Thorough bred imported Horse Calstock. r After this date the fees will be:—Ls 5a for thoroughbreds; L2 10a for half-breds; guarantees, L 7 7*. Good English grass piddodcß free until Ist. of Janu&ty 3 1000 All ca*e but no responsibility. Gtoomage fees, ss, paid first service. results prove that the deci don of the judges at oar show, held on the 30th of October, with regard to our blood stock has-been fully justified in the winner of the Melbourne Cop, the winner s -I.™ being got by Castle Hill, sire of our local horse Calstock. Good breeding this. Oaaile Hill is acknowledged to be the sire of tie best horses over sticks in the Southern Hemisphere. pH E BE AS O N WHY nrm AND ALOOBN’S



IX7ANTED Known—That Hayes and » V Co. has bought 1009 yards superior Velveteen, all shades, from Is; dress goods grand value, worth 2s, now Is; ladies’ jackets, cost 26s 6d, now 4s 6d j hats and bonnets half-price ; winceys, 1 yard wide, 6d ; ladies* ulsters, 2s lid. 637



rrr/tNTKD Knowu—That Messrs R. VV Alien and Co obtained hirst Prize for excellence of Flour at the Colonial Exhibition, and W. -Nourish is selling same. “ Golden Gem ” £olo ss, 4tb loat d£d, cash prices. Freetrade Bakery, East street. 10 813 WANTED Known—That R. Lancas xsa will cn« bis family orders direct from the Freezing Chamber, in East street, on and after November 1, when his customers can rely on well-hung meat and tree from flyblows.—R. Lan caster, Keady-Money Meat Mart, Bur nett street, and tiomerset Butchery, East street. 9 632 WA A TED Known —To the Ladies of Ashburton and surrounding dis tricts and the public in general. Mr J. Moison, Impermeable Bootmaker, has re ceived a large shipment of French, Eng lish and German ladies’ shoes, buttoc up and elastic sides, great choice, now for inspection, which J. Moison intends dis posing of at reasonable rates during the coming holidays. Mis own make always on hand or made to order. Repairing done with care and promptitude Colo nial boots of all kinds. Next to the Club, Tancred street, Ashburton. 10 880 WANTED Known—That I have a very large assortment of GBD's, Meer schaum and other pipes, m cases, at greatly reduced prices.— F Clark, Hair dresser and Tobacconist, East street. i\ f ANTED KNu WN—Robert Elston, YV Bill Poster, Thjcatfioal Agent, etc.. Town Hall, Ashburton. Theatrical companies and others visiting Ashburton should communicate with the above. Orders by post or telegram promptly WANTED Known—Wectheim Sew ing Machines can be had on Time Payments at the New Zealand Ctotniug Factory’s Branch, East street, Ashburton. ANTED Known—That T. MOUL has commenced Bacon Curing, and having purobaaed a first-class sausage machine, he will be able to supply the wants of the inhabitants ot Ashburton with a real good Ports, sausage. Ereab every day. Only good corn fed pigs bought. W’ ANTED inowa— Jones and Brad shaw are offering a superior bieua ot Nelson, Moate and Cos Tea, at 2da per box j Flour, 18s per saon ; Chaff, ids per ton; W beat, seconds and crushed, equally cheap, for Cash. 7 99 attended to 76u 2 276



Special Advertisements. MPORTANT. xne 'an Francisco Mail leaves Ashburton Novemoer 7th, and reaches Loudon about December 18th, and ad who wish to re member their Home friends had better Bookseller, Stationer, Printer, and .Newsagent, Saunders’ Buildings, Ashburton, FOR CHRISTMAS OARDo ! OaRDS ! t CHRis tMaS Cards 1!! A splendid assortment is now open, and inspection is solicited. SCHOOL, PRIZES— A large shipment having just come to band, * cbool Committees are respect fully requested to make an early selection. Thomas if. Farley, BOOKSELLER, ETC., Corner of Saunders’ Building, Ashburton apply to T. F. FARL ¥,



Gigantic Drapery Sale ia such an immense Sacceaa Because the sale (a a genuine one, every Article being reduced Because the reductions are tremendous, it> many esses being less than half price Because our prices are lover that any other bouse can compete with, onr object being the reduction of the stock, irrespective of loss Because the reductions ve have made are universal, and not on a few Kpe cUl Lines, for the purpose of catching the unwary Because Our stock is superior to others, frying mostly direct Importations, ' and is bow being sold at less than wholesale prices To thoroughly understand and appraci rite the bargain* now being offered, pur chasers would require id call and Inspect the stock. We refrain from quoting prices as mu tts* the quality is known prices are no aide. Call early and call often at the Gigantic Sale i £$ Orr and Alcorn’s



Special Advertisements. FOR Coughs, Colds, Bronchitis, Asthma, Coryza, Influenza, Con sumption, etc. KAf’S Compound of Linseed, Ani seed, Senega, Squill, Tolu, etc, with Chlorodyne, KAY’S Compound, a demulcent ex pectorant, for Coughs, Colds and Cnost Complaints. KAY’S Compound, for Coughs and Golds, is equally serviceable for Horses and Cattle. KAY’S Tic Pills, a specific in Neu ralgia, Face Ache, etc. Contains Quinine, Iron, etc. COAQ CLINE Cement for Broken Articles. Sold everywhere. Sole makers— KAY BROS., 101 Stocknort, England TOWLE’S pennyroyal and steel pills for females quickly correct all irregulari ties and relieve the distress a g symptoms so prevalent with the sex. Boxes Is l£d and 2s 9d, of all chemists. Prepared only by E. T. Towle, chemist, Nottingham, Eng land, Wholesale of all the wholesale houses.—Beware of imitations. 1 12



Trees. Trees. Treej. THE undersigned has for sale all kinds of Fruit and Forest TREES, Pious Insignia (3s 6d per 100), Maorooarpa, by tens of thousands 6a per 100). Other kinds in proportion. N.B.—All orders by post or left at the Office of this paper will be attended to with despatch, JAMES PORTER, OLIFTON NURSERY, Allenton, Ashburton. 5 701



Extraordinary Sale OT A WAREHOUSEMAN’S STOCK or -SILKS, VELVETEENS, CRETONNES, CASHMERE MITTS, &o. Colored Silks Bought at 70 per cent discount. Do you realise what this means, viz that silks 5s yard cost us 1s 6d 1 Oolored Velveteens Costume Tweeds ... Knockabout Tweeds Black Goods ... Cretonnes ... Skirtings ... Silesia* ... Men’s Moles Cashmere Mitts ... Infants’ Polkas ... Blue Wool Rapps... Cotton Shirts Men’s Dux Collars .. Bought at $ dis count, and will be offered to the public at London prices. "Goods in the usual way costing say 2/6 the yard, we only paid 1/8 for. ■v Bought also at J dis count, which will enable us to .sell at less than invoice "price. It Is a won derful reduction on regular safe goods J of everyday demand }}! 114 doz, bought at 40 per cent discount Bought at 60 per cent discount, 10/9 Goods for 3/9 Bought at 76 per cent discount, and sold at 6£d. —Full sized cotton shirts. } Bought at 90 per cent discount, and sold at 9d for 12doz or Id the oox. All perfectly New Goods. The Purchase only effected last week. The whole will be shown on Tables in the Centre of the Shop, and not in any way mixed with our ordinary Stock. SALE NOW ON. H. E. May & Co., THE HALL, CHRISTCHURCH. H B NEW ZEALAND O lotting Factory CONTRACTORS To <by New Zealand Government Rail ways. Post Offices, Volunteer Corps, &c, &o. «So.



Are turn prepared to enter into contracts !or the supply of NAVAL AND MILITARY UNIFORMS in any quantities, the organisation of the Factory being specially adapted for turning out large supplies in the most inexpensive and expeditious manner. ARMY AND NAVY CONTRACTORS Estimates and drawings supplied on the shortest notice. Head Offices and Factory— DOWLING STREET, DUNEDIN. NOTE —Measures for all uniforms may oe entrusted to the Manager of the N.Z. Clothing Factory branches in the lollop ing centres, vis:— Dunedin Nelson Palmerston N. Invercargill Hokitika • New Plymouth Camaru Greymouth Napier Waimate Reefton Waipawa Timaru Wellington Bastings Ashburton Masterton Gisborne Christchurch Wanganui Thames Lyttelton Hawera Auckland



Victorian Steam Carriage Works. J. R. STEEL, & SON WISH to intimate to the Public of Ashburton and surrounding districts that, baring obtained STEaM POWER and other Machinery requisite for the carrying on their work efficiently, are now in a position to meet the demands of the public with a first-class article at prices to suit the times. Every description of Carriages and Traps made, Painted and Repaired. Spring Traps from £2O. Whitecbapels from £25. Buggies from £3O. P.S.—Special attention paid to Repainting and Retrimming. VICTORIAN STEAM IRON WORKS AND GENERAL SHOEING FORGE. J. R. S. & SON, while thanking the public for their past liberal support in this department, beg to intimate tha- , having procured first-class Machinery, they are now jo a p sitlon to undertake all kinds of lingineering work. special attention is given to Turning, Boring and the Repairing of all kinds of Machinery* including Combines, Engines, Reaper and Binders, and every description of Agricultural Implements. ESTIMATES given for Copijraptors and Bnildera Ironwork. HORSES CAREFULLY HOD—Draught#, 7 s » Hacks, fis, 8 451 Victoria House. ATTENTION is directed to NEW and NEAT NOVELTIES now showing in Prints, Gala teas, Oheck Mattings (a splendid stuff for general wear), shaded Plain, and figured Dress b tuffs. e Straw Hats. Trimmings, Laces, Cambrics, and Fancy Aprons ; bailo s, and Jl“-, and Youths’ Clothing in English and Colonial Tweeds, Also, Men s, Felt and Tweed Hats, Etc. PH 1 o _ -- nQr present popularity. Than those which have gained for u. - ■- Oaroels Five per cent Discount allowed on cam .. Crewel and Washing Hilk Transfers, Traced Qoods> Sto. Dimant and Coe. - GENERAL DRAPERS, CLOTHIERS) &0 Kml and Tuund Strasta Ashburton



Special Advertisements. CENTRAL AUCTION MART. THE undersigned begs to notify that owing to the liberal support accorded him since opening the above, he has much pleasure in stating that he is still prepared to undertake sales of Horses, Cattle, Pigs, etc, every Saturday, at the lowest payable rates of commission. No entrance fees charged if sales are effected. My regular sale at Uakaia is held on the last Thurs day in earh month Sales in town and country undertaken on extremely favor able terms. The following properties are placed in my hands for sale or to let ; 30 Town sections in capital positions 3 Acres and 3-roomed cottage, Waka nulrond £-Acre, store and blacksmith’s shop, Wakanni road 6-Boomed house, Treverton 6-Roomed house, Taucred street 4-Boomed house, Tancred street i-Acre near Templar Hall J-Acre, Hampstead 20 Acres, Tinwald W. H. Zouch, Auctioneer, Land, Estate and ommia sion Agent; Agent for the Victorian Mutual (life), and Phoenix (fire) offices.



EMEMBER YOUR LOVED ONES i AT HOME I Christmas Cards. CHRISTMAS CARDS IST GREAT VARIETY. A well aeleoted stock of GENERAL STATIONERY. 800 AS—Books suitable for School Prizes, etc. Every description of TOYS and FANCY GOODS. SPECIAL— Upon all large orders a very LIBERAL DISCOUNT R. Bevan, STATIONER BOOKSELLER, Ac., (Next Shop to Quill’s Hotel) SAUNDERS’ BUILDINGS,



Digby Grand. IIHE Thoroughbred Horse DIGBY GRAND, by Traducer (imp ) out of Aglaia (imp.) will stand in Ashburton on Tuesdays, and will travel the Tinwald, Winslow and Hinds districts on Wednes days. For further particulars apply to groom in charge. Tam O’bhanter Will stand at Longbeaoh. Mares grazed free until January 1. JOHN GRIGG, Proprietor. ITT A TBRLOO DINING-ROOMS, f Tancred street, Ashburton, Samuel Timmo, Proprietor. Board and Lodging 17s per week Board only 1? ~ The proprietor, in announcing the above terms, begs to inform the public that for respectability, regularity, and the quality of accommodation and food the above dining-rooms car not be ex celled—being under his own personal supervision and attention. 8 446 p. D B L I 0 NOTICE, MESSRS S HENSLEY & 00., Music Warehousemen, CHRISTCHURCH, Have appointed T. F. Farley, Book seller, Stationer and Printer, Ashburton, their Agent for the sale of Pianos, Harmoniums, American Organs, and have supplied him with a large stock of Sheet Music, comprising the latest and most nopular Songs, Duets, Piece Music, Dances, etc.; also, Violins, Cornets, Flutes, Accordians, Violin Bows, Concer tinas, etc. Pianos, American Organs and Harmoniums sold upon deferred pay ments. Easy terms granted. A splendid stock now on view at T. F. Farley's Music Warehouse, Saunders’s Buildings, Ashburton. More than 3,000 sheets of music now on hand. 8 288



/"COUNTRY VISITORS TO CHRIST CHURCH Will find the three O’a— Comfort t Cheapness 1! Convenience !! AT WALLACE’S Central Hotel, Corner of Gloucester and Colombo street. LO 677 A Night Porter Kept.