N. glabrata is responsible for nosocomial infections, particularly in adult wards, and is
characterized by single biofilm formation, which increases its pathogenesis [2,14,15]. In the
United States, approximately one-third of candidiasis cases are caused by N. glabrata, causing hematogenous infections [16,17]. Like other NAC, drug-resistant strains of N. glabrata
are of great concern, as they are being isolated with increasing frequency. For example, in
some medical centers, up to 25% of N. glabrata isolates are resistant or moderately susceptible to echinocandins [17–19]. These data remark on the relevance of N. glabrata in the clinical

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setting. Antifungal drug resistance in this species is related to the over-expression of membrane transporters, point mutations in ERG11/CYP51, altered sterol import, and genome
plasticity, with segmental rearrangements in the M and F chromosomes (Figure 1) [20].
On the other hand, P kudriavzevii is an important pathogen in cancer patients, causing
both systemic and superficial infections [21]. This organism can cause bronchopneumonia,
vasculitis, infections of the tonsils, arthritis, ulcers, and urinary tract, but it is a rare
etiologic agent of vaginitis (it has only been isolated in 0.1% of cases) [21,22]. P. kudriavzevii
has intrinsic resistance to fluconazole and variable resistance to other drugs used in its
treatment, including voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, anidulafungin, micafungin,
5-flucytosine, and amphotericin B [23–25]. Thus, this changing sensitivity to antifungal
drugs makes this organism a potential threat to human health.

### Language ###
English

### Assessment ###
The text contains specific data about N. glabrata resistance to echinocandins in medical centers, which could be queried.

### Query ###
The percentage rate of N. glabrata showing resistance to echinocandins in medical facilities, what's the number?
The percentage rate of N. glabrata showing resistance to echinocandins in medical facilities, what's the number?