Drawing Human Anatomy
Giovanni Civardi
Cassell Illustrated
To paint, draw, or sculpt the human figure is one of the most demanding of artistic problems. At least since Michelangelo, serious artists of the genre have known the value of a clinical study of anatomy. Civardi combines study at the Faculty of Medicine, Milan, with the teaching of sculpture, drawing, and illustration to bring us an excellent trilogy of manuals.  The first, on basic human anatomy, begins with the structural characteristics of bones and muscle mass. Hundreds of drawings illustrate both the underlying structure and the exterior of the face, torso, arms, legs, hands, and feet in a wide range of poses, complete with proper scientific terminology. The volumes on the male and female nude explore the artistic possibilities and particular problems of both sexes.   По крайней мере, уже во времена Микеланджело серьезные художники жанра знали значение клинического изучения анатомии, начиная со структурных особенностей костей и мышечной массы.  Сотни рисунков иллюстрируют внутреннюю структуру и внешние черты лица, туловища, рук и ног в разнообразных позах, с указанием правильной научной терминологии.