what's the total number of "s"s in:
how big must a block be for intervention to be needed?
what are the types of conduits for cabg and pros/cons?
pros: long vein, easy to access, straight.
how is lima / rima cabg done?
left / right internal mammary artery originates from the subclavian artery and is dissected from the chest wall but origin left intact. other end attached post blockage, so only one anastomosis is necessary.
what are negative effects of using cardio pulmonary bypass?
how does the heart get restarted after cardio-pulmonary bypass?
oxygenated blood infused via cardioplegia circuit to wash high potassium solution out. heart usually beats spontaneously but may fibrillate requiring defib and use of anti-arrythmic meds. pt may be bradycardic requiring temporary pacing.
what is the post-op care for cabg?
what are 2 categories of valvular heart disease?
2) insufficiency --> regurgitation results in leakage of blood backward through a valve which does not close properly.
what are causes of valvular heart disease?
valve repair vs valve replacement?
what are the main procedures for valve repair?
valvuloplasty performed to open a stenotic valve.
what are other procedures for valve repair?
what is the biggest risk during aortic valve replacement?
what is a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (tavr)? how is it done?
when open aortic valve surgery is too risky, tavr involves placement of new tissue valve within the native valve using catheters that deliver the valve through the aorta (femoral approach) or apex of lv via an incision in the chest wall (if pt has inadequate vascular access).
catheter passes through the diseased aorta then balloon is inflated crushing the native valve to the side in order to position the new valve at the site.
how is a mitral valve replacement done? what is the biggest risk during mitral valve replacement?
what are potential complications of all prosthetic valve replacements?
what is aortic stenosis patho and s&s?
what is aortic stenosis intervention and post op issue?
what is the most likely cause of low co for hypertrophied heart?
what is aortic regurg / insufficiency patho and s&s?
inability of aortic valve to close completely, blood flows backward during diastole from aorta back to lv.
what is aortic insufficiency therapies?
what is mitral stenosis patho and s&s?
what are mitral stenosis therapies and interventions?
-na restriction and intermittent diuretics of pulmonary edema.
what are post-op issues for valve interventions?
what is mitral regurgitation and s&s?
left atrial enlargement, pulm. htn, increased volume in la returns the lv increasing lv volume which initially hypertrophies then thins and dilates.
what are mitral regurgitation therapies and interventions?
how is replacement of the ascending aorta / hemiarch done?
surgery performed through a median sternostomy, aorta is unable to be cannulated for connection to the bypass machine in the normal manner so aorta is cross-clamped and circulatory arrest is stablished. surgeon may or may not choose to perfuse the brain during arrest period. aneurysm is over-sewed or removed and a graft inserted.
if dissection extends down into sinus of valsalva, then aortic valve needs to be replaced and coronary arteries re-inserted into an aortic graft. procedure called bentall procedure.
what is general post op care for all sv surgery pts?
user
There are 193 "s"s in the text you provided.
assistant