human
 Extract the [concept/topic] from the given passage, limit the answer to 5 topics and dont repeat topics or words: The floodplain of the Lower Parana River is a mosaic of wetlands that includes numerous shallow lakes and hosts an exceptional high biodiversity. The local environmental conditions of the shallow lakes change constantly according to the discharge regime of the river, thus constituting a major challenge in understanding the distribution of biodiversity. We studied zooplankton rotifers communities in shallow lakes that differed in their connectivity to watercourses connected/isolated during different hydrological conditions potamophase and limnophase. We used a trait-based approach to explore changes in community composition and functional diversity along environmental gradients in each phase and between them. Our results revealed a gradient of environmental conditions associated with the connectivity, which persisted at limnophase and potamophase conditions. Connected lakes presented high turbidity, suspended solid and nutrient concentrations, while disconnected lakes showed opposed features and could develop either low or high phytoplanktonic chlorophyll a concentration representing clear or organic turbid conditions, respectively. The environmental heterogeneity of the lakes was similar between hydrological phases and connectivity of the lakes. Our first results regarding the zooplankton community indicate that functional diversity tended to increase during limnophase and in isolated lakes, and th
gpt
--- Reasoning ---
1. Is the question multiple-choice question?
No
2. Is it implied multiple-choice question?
No
3. If two experts were independently asked the question, will the final answer be exactly the same?
No

--- Answer ---
open