title: Settori ERC
text: # Settori ERC
  
  I settori ERC (European Research Council) sono raggruppamenti di discipline ai fini di agevolare la ricerca scientifica nell'ordinamento europeo. I settori sono stati stabiliti dal Consiglio europeo della ricerca.
  
  ## Scienze sociali e umanistiche (versione 2020)
  
  ### SH1
  
  Individui, istituzioni e mercati: economia, finanza e gestione
  
  * SH1_1 Macroeconomics; monetary economics; economic growth
  * SH1_2 International management; international trade; international business; spatial economics
  * SH1_3 Development economics, health economics, education economics
  * SH1_4 Financial economics; banking; corporate finance; international finance; accounting; auditing; insurance
  * SH1_5 Labour and demographic economics; human resource management
  * SH1_6 Econometrics; operations research
  * SH1_7 Behavioural economics; experimental economics; neuro-economics
  * SH1_8 Microeconomics; game theory
  * SH1_9 Industrial organisation; strategy; entrepreneurship
  * SH1_10 Management; marketing; organisational behaviour; operations management
  * SH1_11 Technological change, innovation, research & development
  * SH1_12 Agricultural economics; energy economics; environmental economics
  * SH1_13 Public economics; political economics; law and economics
  * SH1_14 Competition law, contract law, trade law, Intellectual Property Rights
  * SH1_15 Quantitative economic history and history of economics; institutional economics; economic systems
  
  ### SH2
  
  Istituzioni, valori, ambiente e spazio: scienze politiche, diritto, scienze della sostenibilità, geografia, studi e pianificazione regionale
  
  * SH2_1 Political systems, governance
  * SH2_2 Democratisation and social movements
  * SH2_3 Conflict resolution, war, peace building
  * SH2_4 Constitutions, human rights, comparative law, humanitarian law, anti-discrimination law
  * SH2_5 International relations, global and transnational governance
  * SH2_6 Sustainability sciences, environment and resources
  * SH2_7 Environmental and climate change, societal impact and policy
  * SH2_8 Energy, transportation and mobility
  * SH2_9 Urban, regional and rural studies
  * SH2_10 Land use and regional planning
  * SH2_11 Human, economic and social geography
  * SH2_12 GIS, spatial analysis; big data in political, geographical and legal studies
  
  ### SH3
  
  The Social World, Diversity, Population: Sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, demography, education, communication
  
  * SH3_1 Social structure, social mobility
  * SH3_2 Inequalities, discrimination, prejudice, aggression and violence, antisocial behaviour
  * SH3_3 Social integration, exclusion, prosocial behaviour
  * SH3_4 Attitudes and beliefs
  * SH3_5 Social influence; power and group behaviour
  * SH3_6 Kinship; diversity and identities, gender, interethnic relations
  * SH3_7 Social policies, welfare
  * SH3_8 Population dynamics; households, family and fertility
  * SH3_9 Health, ageing and society
  * SH3_10 Religious studies, ritual; symbolic representation
  * SH3_11 Social aspects of learning, curriculum studies, educational policies
  * SH3_12 Communication and information, networks, media
  * SH3_13 Digital social research
  * SH3_14 Science and technology studies
  
  ### SH4
  
  La mente umana e la sua complessità: scienze cognitive, psicologia, linguistica, educazione
  
  * SH4_1 Cognitive basis of human development and education, developmental disorders; comparative cognition
  * SH4_2 Personality and social cognition; emotion
  * SH4_3 Clinical and health psychology
  * SH4_4 Neuropsychology
  * SH4_5 Attention, perception, action, consciousness
  * SH4_6 Learning, memory; cognition in ageing
  * SH4_7 Reasoning, decision-making; intelligence
  * SH4_8 Language learning and processing (first and second languages)
  * SH4_9 Theoretical linguistics; computational linguistics
  * SH4_10 Language typology; historical linguistics
  * SH4_11 Pragmatics, sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, discourse analysis
  * SH4_12 Philosophy of mind, philosophy of language
  * SH4_13 Philosophy of science, epistemology, logic
  
  ### SH5
  
  Culture e produzione culturale: letteratura e filosofia, arti visiva e dello spettacolo, musica, studi culturali e comparativi
  
  * SH5_1 Classics, ancient literature and art
  * SH5_2 Theory and history of literature, comparative literature
  * SH5_3 Philology and palaeography
  * SH5_4 Visual and performing arts, film, design
  * SH5_5 Music and musicology; history of music
  * SH5_6 History of art and architecture, arts-based research
  * SH5_7 Museums, exhibitions, conservation and restoration
  * SH5_8 Cultural studies, cultural identities and memories, cultural heritage
  * SH5_9 Metaphysics, philosophical anthropology; aesthetics
  * SH5_10 Ethics; social and political philosophy
  * SH5_11 History of philosophy
  * SH5_12 Computational modelling and digitisation in the cultural sphere
  
  ### SH6
  
  Lo studio del passato umano: archeologia, storia e memoria
  
  * SH6_1 Historiography, theory and methods in history, including the analysis of digital data
  * SH6_2 Classical archaeology, history of archaeology
  * SH6_3 General archaeology, archaeometry, landscape archaeology
  * SH6_4 Prehistory, palaeoanthropology, palaeodemography, protohistory
  * SH6_5 Ancient history
  * SH6_6 Medieval history
  * SH6_7 Early modern history
  * SH6_8 Modern and contemporary history
  * SH6_9 Colonial and post-colonial history
  * SH6_10 Global history, transnational history, comparative history, entangled histories
  * SH6_11 Social and economic history
  * SH6_12 Gender history; cultural history; history of collective identities and memories
  * SH6_13 History of ideas, intellectual history, history of economic thought
  * SH6_14 History of science, medicine and technologies
  
  ## Matematica, scienze fisiche, informazione e comunicazione, ingegneria, scienze della terra e dell'universo (versione 2020)
  
  ### PE1
  
  Matematica: tutte le aree della matematica, pura e applicata, fondamenti matematici di informatica, fisica matematica e statistica
  
  * PE1_1 Logica e fondamenti
  * PE1_2 Algebra
  * PE1_3 Teoria dei numeri
  * PE1_4 Geometria algebrica e complessa
  * PE1_5 Gruppi di Lie e Algebra di Lie
  * PE1_6 Geometria
  * PE1_7 Topologia
  * PE1_8 Analisi
  * PE1_9 Algebra degli operatori e analisi funzionale
  * PE1_10 Equazioni differenziali e sistemi dinamici
  * PE1_11 Aspetti teorici di equazioni differenziali alle derivate parziali
  * PE1_12 Fisica matematica
  * PE1_13 Probabilità
  * PE1_14 Statistica
  * PE1_15 Matematica discreta e combinatoria
  * PE1_16 Aspetti matematici di informatica
  * PE1_17 Analisi numerica
  * PE1_18 Calcolo scientifico ed elaborazione dati
  * PE1_19 Teoria del controllo e ottimizzazione
  * PE1_20 Applicazione della matematica nelle scienze
  * PE1_21 Applicazione della matematica nell'industria e nella società
  
  ### PE2
  
  Costituenti fondamentali della materia: fisica delle particelle, nucleare, dei plasmi, atomica, molecolare, dei gas e ottica
  
  * PE2_1 Fundamental interactions and fields
  * PE2_2 Particle physics
  * PE2_3 Nuclear physics
  * PE2_4 Nuclear astrophysics
  * PE2_5 Gas and plasma physics
  * PE2_6 Electromagnetism
  * PE2_7 Atomic, molecular physics
  * PE2_8 Ultra-cold atoms and molecules
  * PE2_9 Optics, non-linear optics and nano-optics
  * PE2_10 Quantum optics and quantum information
  * PE2_11 Lasers, ultra-short lasers and laser physics
  * PE2_12 Relativity
  * PE2_13 Thermodynamics
  * PE2_14 Non-linear physics
  * PE2_15 Metrology and measurement
  * PE2_16 Statistical physics (gases)
  
  ### PE3
  
  Fisica della materia condensata: struttura, proprietà elettroniche, fluidi, nanoscienze
  
  * PE3_1 Struttura dei solidi, crescita dei materiali e caratterizzazione
  * PE3_2 Proprietà meccaniche e acustiche della materia condensata, dinamica reticolare
  * PE3_3 Proprietà di trasporto della materia condensata
  * PE3_4 Proprietà elettroniche di materiali, superfici, interfacce e nanostrutture
  * PE3_5 proprietà fisiche di semiconduttori e isolanti
  * PE3_6 fenomeni macroscopici: superconduttori, superfluidi
  * PE3_7 Spintronica
  * PE3_8 Magnetismo e fenomeni correlati
  * PE3_9 materia condensata interazione fra le particelle (fotoni, elettroni ...)
  * PE3_10 nanofisica: nanoelettronica, nanofotonica, nanomagnetismo, nanoelettromeccanica ..
  * PE3_11 fisica mesoscopica
  * PE3_12 Molecular electronics
  * PE3_13 struttura e dinamica dei sistemi incoerenti (gel, colle ...)
  * PE3_14 Fluidodinamica (fisica)
  * PE3_15 Statistical physics (transizioni di fase, fluttuazioni, modello di sistemi complessi ...)
  * PE3_16 Fisica dei sistemi biologici
  
  ### PE4
  
  Physical and Analytical Chemical sciences: analytical chemistry, chemical theory, physical chemistry/chemical physics
  
  * PE4_1 Physical chemistry
  * PE4_2 Spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques
  * PE4_3 Molecular architecture and Structure
  * PE4_4 Surface science and nanostructures
  * PE4_5 Analytical chemistry
  * PE4_6 Chemical physics
  * PE4_7 Chemical instrumentation
  * PE4_8 Electrochemistry, electrodialysis, microfluidics
  * PE4_10 Method development in chemistry
  * PE4_11 Physical chemistry of biological systems
  * PE4_12 Chemical reactions: mechanisms, dynamics, kinetics and catalytic reactions
  * PE4_13 Theoretical and computational chemistry
  * PE4_14 Radiation and nuclear chemistry
  * PE4_15 Photochemistry
  * PE4_16 Corrosion
  * PE4_17 Characterization methodsw of materials
  * PE4_18 Environment chemistry
  
  ### PE5
  
  Synthetic Chemistry and Material: materials synthesis, structure-properties relations, functional and advanced materials, molecular architecture, organic chemistry
  
  * PE5_1 Structural properties of materials
  * PE5_2 Solid state materials
  * PE5_3 Surface modification
  * PE5_4 Thin films
  * PE5_5 Ionic liquids
  * PE5_6 New materials: oxides, alloys, composite, organic-inorganic hybrid, superconductors
  * PE5_7 Biomaterials, biomaterial synthesis
  * PE5_8 Intelligent materials – self assembled materials
  * PE5_9 Coordination chemistry
  * PE5_10 Colloid chemistry
  * PE5_11 Biological chemistry
  * PE5_12 Chemistry of condensed matter
  * PE5_13 Homogeneous catalysis
  * PE5_14 Macromolecular chemistry
  * PE5_15 Polymer chemistry
  * PE5_16 Supramolecular chemistry
  * PE5_17 Organic chemistry
  * PE5_18 Medicinal Chemistry
  
  ### PE6
  
  Informatica e scienza dei calcolatori: informatica e sistemi informativi, scienza dei calcolatori, calcolo scientifico, sistemi intelligenti
  
  * PE6_1 Architettura dei calcolatori, informatica pervasiva, informatica diffusa (ubiquitous)
  * PE6_2 Sistemi di calcolo, sistemi distribuiti/paralleli, reti di sensori, sistemi embedded, sistemi cyber-fisici
  * PE6_3 Ingegneria del software, sistemi operativi, linguaggi di programmazione
  * PE6_4 Informatica teorica, metodi formali, informatica quantistica
  * PE6_5 Crittologia, sicurezza, protezione dei dati personali (privacy), crittologia quantistica
  * PE6_6 Algoritmi, algoritmi distribuiti/paralleli, algoritmi su reti, teoria dei giochi algoritmica
  * PE6_7 Intelligenza artificiale, sistemi intelligenti, sistemi multi-agente
  * PE6_8 Grafica col computer, visione col computer (computer vision), multi media, computer games
  * PE6_9 Interazione e interfacce persona-computer, visualizzazione ed elaborazione del linguaggio naturale
  * PE6_10 Web e sistemi informativi, sistemi di basi di dati, recupero dell'informazione e biblioteche digitali, fusione dei dati (data fusion)
  * PE6_11 Apprendimento automatico (machine learning), elaborazione dei dati con metodi statistici ed applicazione che usano l'elaborazione dei segnali (p.es., parlato, immagini, video)
  * PE6_12 Calcolo scientifico, strumenti di simulazione e modellazione
  * PE6_13 Bioinformatica, computazione biologica, computazione molecolare e col DNA
  
  ### PE7
  
  Ingegneria dei sistemi e delle comunicazioni: ingegneria elettrica, elettronica, delle comunicazioni, ottica e dei sistemi
  
  * PE7_1 Ingegneria dei sistemi di controllo
  * PE7_2 Ingegneria elettrica: componenti e/o sistemi di potenza
  * PE7_3 Ingegneria della simulazione e della modellazione
  * PE7_4 (Micro- e nano-) ingegneria dei sistemi
  * PE7_5 (Micro- e nano-) componenti elettronici, optoelettronici e fotonici
  * PE7_6 Tecnologie della comunicazione, tecnologie ad alta frequenza
  * PE7_7 Elaborazione dei segnali
  * PE7_8 Reti (di comunicazione, di sensori, di robot, ecc.)
  * PE7_9 Interfacce Uomo-Macchina
  * PE7_10 Robotica
  * PE7_11 Componenti e sistemi per le applicazioni (p.es.: in medicina, biologia, ambiente)
  * PE7_12 Produzione, distribuzione e applicazioni dell'energia elettrica
  
  ### PE8
  
  Ingegneria dei prodotti e dei processi: design dei prodotti, design e controllo dei processi, metodi di costruzione, ingegneria civile, sistemi energetici, ingegneria dei materiali
  
  * PE8_1 Ingegneria aerospaziale
  * PE8_2 Ingegneria chimica, chimica tecnica
  * PE8_3 Ingegneria civile, ingegneria marittima/idraulica, geotecnica, trattamento dei rifiuti
  * PE8_4 Ingegneria computazionale
  * PE8_5 Meccanica dei fluidi, motori idraulici, turbo, pistone
  * PE8_6 Sistemi energetici (produzione, distribuzione, applicazione)
  * PE8_7 Ingegneria meccanica e produzione (formazione, montaggio, giunzione, separazione)
  * PE8_8 Ingegneria dei materiali (biomateriali, metalli, ceramiche, polimeri, composti, ...)
  * PE8_9 Tecnologia della produzione, ingegneria dei processi)
  * PE8_10 Design industriale (progettazione del prodotto, ergonomia, interfacce uomo-macchina, ...)
  * PE8_11 Progettazione sostenibile (per il riciclaggio, per l'ambiente, eco-design)
  * PE8_12 Strutture leggere, tecnologia tessile
  * PE8_13 Bioingegneria industriale
  
  ### PE9
  
  Scienze dell'universo: astrofisica, astrochimica, astrobiologia; sistema solare; astronomia stellare, galattica ed extragalattica, sistemi planetari, cosmologia; scienza dello spazio, strumentazione
  
  * PE9_1 Fisica solare e interplanetaria
  * PE9_2 Scienze dei sistemi planetari
  * PE9_3 Interstellar medium
  * PE9_4 Formazione di stelle e pianeti
  * PE9_5 Astrobiologia
  * PE9_6 Stelle e sistemi stellari
  * PE9_7 The Galaxy
  * PE9_8 Formazione ed evoluzione delle galassie
  * PE9_9 Clusters of galaxies and large scale structures
  * PE9_10 High energy and particles astronomy – raggi X, raggi cosmici, raggi gamma, neutrini
  * PE9_11 Astrofisica relativistica
  * PE9_12 Materia oscura, energia oscura
  * PE9_13 Astronomia gravitazionale
  * PE9_14 Cosmologia
  * PE9_15 Scienze spaziali
  * PE9_16 Very large data bases: archiving, handling and analysis
  * PE9_17 Strumentazione - telescopi, rivelatori e tecniche
  
  ### PE10
  
  Scienza del sistema terrestre: geografia fisica, geologia, geofisica, meteorologia, oceanografia, climatologia, ecologia, global environmental change, cicli biogeochimici, gestione delle risorse naturali
  
  * PE10_1 Chimica atmosferica, composizione atmosferica, inquinamento dell'aria
  * PE10_2 Meteorologia, fisica e dinamica dell'atmosfera
  * PE10_3 Climatologia e cambiamento climatico
  * PE10_4 Ecologia terrestre, cambiamento della copertura del suolo
  * PE10_5 Geologia, tettonica, vulcanologia,
  * PE10_6 Paleoclimatologia, paleoecologia
  * PE10_7 Physics of earth's interior, sismologia, vulcanologia
  * PE10_8 Oceanografia (fisica, chimica, biologica)
  * PE10_9 Biogeochimica, cicli biogeochimici, chimica ambientale
  * PE10_10 Mineralogia, petrologia, igneous petrology, petrologia metamorfica
  * PE10_11 Geochimica, crystal chemistry, isotope geochemistry, termodinamica
  * PE10_12 Sedimentologia, scienze del suolo, paleontologia, evoluzione della Terra
  * PE10_13 Geografia fisica
  * PE10_14 Osservazione della terra dallo spazio / telerilevamento
  * PE10_15 Geomagnetismo, paleomagnetismo
  * PE10_16 Ozono, atmosfera superiore, ionosfera
  * PE10_17 Idrologia, inquinamento dell'acqua e del suolo
  * PE10_18 Criosfera, dinamica dei manti nevosi, dei ghiacciai, sea ice, permafrost e lastre di ghiaccio
  * PE10_19 Geologia e Geofisica planetaria
  * PE10_20 Geohazards: terremoti, frane, tsunami e altri fenomeni di instabilità
  
  ## Scienze della vita (versione 2020)
  
  ### LS1
  
  Biologia molecolare e strutturale e biochimica: sintesi molecolare, modifica e interazione, biochimica, biofisica, biologia strutturale, metabolismo, trasduzione del segnale
  
  * LS1_1 Macromolecular complexes including interactions involving nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and
  * carbohydrates
  * LS1_2 Biochemistry
  * LS1_3 DNA synthesis, modification, repair, recombination, degradation
  * LS1_4 RNA synthesis, processing, modification, degradation
  * LS1_5 Protein synthesis, modification, turnover
  * LS1_6 Lipid biology
  * LS1_7 Glycobiology
  * LS1_8 Molecular biophysics (e.g. single-molecule approaches, bioenergetics, fluorescence)
  * LS1_9 Structural biology and its methodologies (e.g. crystallography, cryo-EM, NMR and new technologies)
  * LS1_10 Molecular mechanisms of signalling pathways
  * LS1_11 Fundamental aspects of synthetic biology and chemical biology
  
  ### LS2
  
  Genetica, genomica, bioinformatica e biologia dei sistemi: genetica molecolare e delle popolazioni, genomica, trascrittomica, proteomica, metabolomica, bioinformatica, biologia computazionale, biostatistica, modellazione e la simulazione biologica, biologia dei sistemi, epidemiologia genetica
  
  * LS2_1 Molecular genetics, reverse genetics, forward genetics, genome editing
  * LS2_2 Non-coding RNAs
  * LS2_3 Quantitative genetics
  * LS2_4 Genetic epidemiology
  * LS2_5 Epigenetics and gene regulation
  * LS2_6 Genomics (e.g. comparative genomics, functional genomics)
  * LS2_7 Metagenomics
  * LS2_8 Transcriptomics
  * LS2_9 Proteomics
  * LS2_10 Metabolomics
  * LS2_11 Glycomics/Lipidomics
  * LS2_12 Bioinformatics
  * LS2_13 Computational biology
  * LS2_14 Biostatistics
  * LS2_15 Systems biology
  
  ### LS3
  
  Biologia cellulare e dello sviluppo: biologia cellulare, fisiologia cellulare, trasduzione del segnale, organogenesi, genetica dello sviluppo, formazione del pattern in piante e animali, biologia delle cellule staminali
  
  * LS3_1 Morphology and functional imaging of cells and tissues
  * LS3_2 Cytoskeleton and cell behaviour (e.g. control of cell shape, cell migration and cellular
  * mechanosensing)
  * LS3_3 Organelle biology and trafficking
  * LS3_4 Cell junctions, cell adhesion, cell communication and the extracellular matrix
  * LS3_5 Cell signalling and signal transduction
  * LS3_6 Cell cycle, division and growth
  * LS3_7 Cell death (including senescence) and autophagy
  * LS3_8 Cell differentiation, physiology and dynamics
  * LS3_9 Developmental genetics in animals and plants
  * LS3_10 Embryology and pattern formation in animals and plants
  * LS3_11 Tissue organisation and morphogenesis in animals and plants (including biophysical approaches)
  * LS3_12 Stem cell biology in development, tissue regeneration and ageing, and fundamental aspects of stem cell-based therapies
  
  ### LS4
  
  Fisiologia, fisiopatologia ed endocrinologia: fisiologia organica, fisiopatologia, endocrinologia, metabolismo, invecchiamento, tumorigenesi, malattie cardiovascolari, sindrome metabolica
  
  * LS4_1 Organ physiology and pathophysiology
  * LS4_2 Comparative physiology and pathophysiology
  * LS4_3 Molecular aspects of endocrinology
  * LS4_4 Fundamental mechanisms underlying ageing
  * LS4_5 Metabolism, biological basis of metabolism-related disorders
  * LS4_6 Fundamental mechanisms underlying cancer
  * LS4_7 Fundamental mechanisms underlying cardiovascular diseases
  * LS4_8 Non-communicable diseases (except for neural/psychiatric and immunity-related diseases)
  
  ### LS5
  
  Neurosciences and neural disorders: neurobiology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropharmacology, neuroimaging, systems neuroscience, neurological disorders, psychiatry
  
  * LS5_1 Neural cell function, communication and signalling, neurotransmission in neuronal and/or glial cells
  * LS5_2 Systems neuroscience and computational neuroscience (e.g. neural networks, neural modelling)
  * LS5_3 Neuronal development, plasticity and regeneration
  * LS5_4 Sensation and perception (e.g. sensory systems, sensory processing, pain)
  * LS5_5 Neural bases of cognitive processes (e.g. memory, learning, attention)
  * LS5_6 Neural bases of behaviour (e.g. sleep, consciousness, addiction)
  * LS5_7 Neurological disorders (e.g. neurodegenerative diseases, seizures)
  * LS5_8 Psychiatric disorders (e.g. affective and anxiety disorders, autism, psychotic disorders)
  * LS5_9 Neurotrauma and neurovascular conditions (including injury, blood-brain barrier, stroke, neurorehabilitation)
  
  ### LS6
  
  Immunity and infection: immunobiology, aetiology of immune disorders, microbiology, virology, parasitology, global and other infectious diseases, population dynamics of infectious diseases, veterinary medicine
  
  * LS6_1 Innate immunity in animals and plants
  * LS6_2 Adaptive immunity
  * LS6_3 Regulation and effector functions of the immune response (e.g. cytokines, interferons and chemokines, inflammation, immune signalling, helper T cells, immunological memory, immunological tolerance, cell-mediated cytotoxicity, complement)
  * LS6_4 Immunological mechanisms in disease (e.g. autoimmunity, allergy, transplantation immunology, tumour immunology)
  * LS6_5 Biology of pathogens (e.g. bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi)
  * LS6_6 Mechanisms of infection (e.g. transmission, virulence factors, host defences, immunity to pathogens, molecular pathogenesis)
  * LS6_7 Biological basis of prevention and treatment of infection (e.g. infection natural cycle, reservoirs, vectors, vaccines, antimicrobials)
  * LS6_8 Infectious diseases in animals and plants
  
  ### LS7
  
  Strumenti diagnostici, terapie e salute pubblica: eziologia, diagnosi e trattamento delle malattie, salute pubblica, epidemiologia, farmacologia, medicina clinica, medicina rigenerativa, etica medica
  
  * LS7_1 Imaging for medical diagnosis
  * LS7_2 Genetic tools for medical diagnosis
  * LS7_3 Other medical technologies for diagnosis and monitoring of diseases
  * LS7_4 Pharmacology and pharmacogenomics (including drug discovery and design, drug delivery and therapy, toxicology)
  * LS7_5 Applied gene and cell therapies, regenerative medicine
  * LS7_6 Radiation therapy
  * LS7_7 Analgesia and surgery
  * LS7_8 Epidemiology and public health
  * LS7_9 Environmental health, occupational medicine
  * LS7_10 Health services, health care research, medical ethics
  
  ### LS8
  
  Evolutionary, population and environmental biology: evolution, ecology, animal behaviour, population biology, biodiversity, biogeography, marine biology, eco-toxicology, prokaryotic biology
  
  * LS8_1 Ecosystem and community ecology, macroecology
  * LS8_2 Biodiversity, conservation biology, conservation genetics
  * LS8_3 Population biology, population dynamics, population genetics
  * LS8_4 Evolutionary ecology
  * LS8_5 Evolutionary genetics
  * LS8_6 Phylogenetics, systematics, comparative biology
  * LS8_7 Macroevolution, palaeobiology
  * LS8_8 Coevolution, biological mechanisms and ecology of species interactions (e.g. symbiosis, parasitism, mutualism, food-webs)
  * LS8_9 Behavioural ecology and evolution
  * LS8_10 Microbial ecology and evolution
  * LS8_11 Marine biology and ecology
  
  ### LS9
  
  Scienze della vita applicate e biotecnologia: scienze agricole, animali, della pesca, della selvicoltura e alimentari; biotecnologia, biologia chimica, ingegneria genetica, biologia sintetica, bioscienze industriali; biotecnologie ambientali e di risanamento
  
  * LS9_1 Applied biotechnology (including transgenic organisms, applied genetics and genomics, biosensors, bioreactors, microbiology, bioactive compounds)
  * LS9_2 Applied bioengineering, synthetic biology, chemical biology, nanobiotechnology, metabolic engineering, protein and glyco-engineering, tissue engineering, biocatalysis, biomimetics
  * LS9_3 Applied animal sciences (including animal breeding, veterinary sciences, animal husbandry, animal welfare, aquaculture, fisheries, insect gene drive)
  * LS9_4 Applied plant sciences (including crop production, plant breeding, agroecology, forestry, soil biology)
  * LS9_5 Food sciences (including food technology, food safety, nutrition)
  * LS9_6 Biomass production and utilisation, biofuels
  * LS9_7 Environmental biotechnology (including bioindicators, bioremediation, biodegradation)
  * LS9_8 Biohazards (including biological containment, biosafety, biosecurity)
  * LS9_9 Marine biotechnology (including marine bioproducts, feed resources, genome mining)
  