title: Filtration fraction
text: # Filtration fraction
  
  | Parameter | Value |
  | - | - |
  | renal blood flow | RBF = 1000 mL/min |
  | hematocrit | HCT = 40% |
  | glomerular filtration rate | GFR = 120 mL/min |
  | renal plasma flow | RPF = 600 mL/min |
  | filtration fraction | FF = 20% |
  | urine flow rate | V = 1 mL/min |
  | Sodium | Inulin | Creatinine | PAH |
  | $S_{Na}$ = 150 mEq/L | $S_{In}$ = 1 mg/mL | $S_{Cr}$ = 0.01 mg/mL | $S_{PAH}$ = |
  | $U_{Na}$ = 710 mEq/L | $U_{In}$ = 150 mg/mL | $U_{Cr}$ = 1.25 mg/mL | $U_{PAH}$ = |
  | $C_{Na}$ = 5 mL/min | $C_{In}$ = 150 mL/min | $C_{Cr}$ = 125 mL/min | $C_{PAH}$ = 420 mL/min |
  | | | | ER = 90% |
  | | | | ERPF = 540 mL/min |
  
  In renal physiology, the filtration fraction is the ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over the renal plasma flow (RPF).
  
  Filtration Fraction, FF = GFR/RPF, or $FF={\frac {GFR}{RPF}}$.
  
  The filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys that passes into the renal tubules. It is normally about 20%.
  
  GFR on its own is the most common and important measure of renal function. However, in conditions such as renal artery stenosis, blood flow to the kidneys is reduced. Filtration fraction must therefore be increased in order to perform the normal functions of the kidney. Loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics decrease filtration fraction.
  
  Catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) increase filtration fraction by vasoconstriction of afferent and efferent arterioles, possibly through activation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors.
  
  Severe hemorrhage will also result in an increased filtration fraction.
  
  