title: 1293
text: # 1293
  
  Year 1293 (MCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
  
  ## Events
  
  ### By area
  
  **Africa**
  
  * December – Mamluk sultan of Egypt Khalil is assassinated by his regent Baydara, who briefly claims the sultanate, before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.
  
  **Asia**
  
  * May 26 – An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 23,000.
  * May 31 – The forces of Raden Wijaya win a major victory in the Mongol invasion of Java, which is considered to be the founding date of the city of Surabaya.
  * The Japanese era Shōō ends, and the Einin era begins.
  * Kublai Khan sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including Java.
  * The Hindu Majapahit Empire is founded by Kertarajasa in Java. It benefits from internal conflict and Mongol intervention, to defeat the Singhasari Kingdom and establish the empire.
  
  **Europe**
  
  * Torkel Knutsson leads Sweden in beginning the Third Swedish Crusade, against unchristianized Finnish Karelia. In the same year, the construction of Vyborg Castle begins, by orders of Knutsson.
  * The Ordinances of Justice are enacted, in the Commune of Florence.
  * The Isle of Wight is sold to King Edward I of England by Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon, for 6,000 marks.
  
  ### By topic
  
  **Arts and culture**
  
  * Dante Alighieri completes the book of verse La Vita Nuova.
  
  **Education**
  
  * May 20 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Studium General, forerunner to the modern Complutense University of Madrid.
  
  **Religion**
  
  * January – Ignatius bar Wahib becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin.
  
  ## Births
  
  * John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic (approximate date; d. 1381)
  * Margaret de Clare, English noblewoman (d. 1342)
  * Fedlim Ó Conchobair, King of Connacht (d. 1316)
  * Philip V of France (d. 1322)
  * Philip VI of France (d. 1350)
  * Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1326)
  
  ## Deaths
  
  * May 2 – Meir of Rothenburg, German rabbi (b. c.1215)
  * June 29 – Henry of Ghent, philosopher (b. c.1217)
  * November 10 – Isabella de Forz, Countess of Devon (b. 1237)
  * December 14 – Al-Ashraf Khalil, Mamluk sultan of Egypt (assassinated)
  * date unknown
     * David VI Narin, King of Georgia (b. 1225)
     * William of Rubruck, Flemish Franciscan missionary (approximate date; b. c.1220)
  