title: Requiem (Dvořák)
text: # Requiem (Dvořák)
  
  Antonín Dvořák's Requiem in B♭ minor, Op. 89, B. 165, is a funeral Mass scored for soloists, choir and orchestra. It was composed in 1890 and performed for the first time on 9 October 1891, in Birmingham, England, with the composer conducting.
  
  ## Structure
  
  ### Part I
  
  * Introitus: Requiem aeternam. Poco lento
  * Graduale: Requiem aeternam. Andante
  * Sequentia: Dies irae. Allegro impetuoso
  * Tuba mirum. Moderato
  * Quid sum miser. Lento
  * Recordare, Jesu pie. Andante
  * Confutatis maledictis. Moderato maestoso
  * Lacrimosa. L'istesso tempo
  
  ### Part II
  
  * Offertorium: Domine Jesu Christe. Andante con moto
  * Hostias. Andante
  * Sanctus. Andante maestoso
  * Pie Jesu. Poco adagio
  * Agnus Dei. Lento
  
  The approximate duration of the work is 95 minutes.
  
  ## Orchestration
  
  The work is scored for:
  
  Voices:
  
      soprano solo
      alto solo
      tenor solo
      bass solo
      SATB choir
  
  Woodwinds:
  
      piccolo
      2 flutes
      2 oboes
      cor anglais
      2 clarinets
      bass clarinet
      2 bassoons
      contrabassoon
  
  organ
  
  Brass:
  
      4 horns
      4 trumpets
      3 trombones (alto, tenor and bass)
      tuba
  
  Percussion:
  
      timpani
      tam-tam
      campane (not in the original score)
  
  Strings:
  
      harp (Offertorium and Hostias only)
      violins I, II
      violas
      cellos
      double basses
  
  ## Selected recordings
  
  * Antonín Dvořák: Rekviem – Czech Philharmonic, Czech Philharmonic Chorus, conducted by Karel Ančerl, chorus master Markéta Kühnová; soloists: Maria Stader – soprano, Sieglinde Wagner – alt, Ernst Haefliger – tenor, Kim Borg – bass. Supraphon, 1959, re-edition on 2 CD 1991 (Ančerl Gold Edition no.13). This recording was awarded the "Grand Prix du disque de l´Académie Charles Cros".
  * Dvořák: Requiem for soloists, chorus and orchestra, Op. 89 – Czech Philharmonic, Kühn's mixed choir, conductor Wolfgang Sawallisch; soloists: Gabriela Beňačková, Brigitte Fassbaender, Thomas Moser, Jan-Hendrik Rootering.
  * Dvořák: Requiem b-moll, Op. 89 – London Symphony Orchestra, conductor István Kertesz, Ambrosian Singers choir, soloists: Pilar Lorengar, Erzsébet Komlóssy [hu], Róbert Ilosfalvy, Tom Krause; published by Decca.
  * Dvořák: Requiem, Op. 89, New Jersey Symphony Orchestra, conductor Zdeněk Mácal, Westminster Choir, soloists: Oksana Krovytska (soprano), Wendy Hoffman (mezzo-soprano), John Aler (tenor), Gustav Beláček (bass). 1999 Delos.
  * Dvořák: Requiem, Op. 89, Capella Weilburgensis, conductor Doris Hagel, Kantorei der Schlosskirche Weilburg, soloists: Mechthild Bach (soprano), Stefanie Irányi (mezzo-soprano), Markus Schäfer (tenor), Klaus Mertens (bass). 2006 Profil – Edition Günter Hänssler.
  * Dvořák, Requiem, Symphony No. 8' Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, conductor Mariss Jansons, Wiener Singverein, soloists: Krassimira Stoyanova (soprano), Mihoko Fujimura (mezzo-soprano), Klaus Florian Vogt (tenor), Thomas Quasthoff (bass). 2010 RCO Live.
  * Dvořák: Requiem, Op. 89, Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra and Chorus, conductor Antoni Wit, soloists: Christiane Libor [de] (soprano), Ewa Wolak (alto), Daniel Kirch [de] (tenor), Janusz Monarcha (bass). 2014 Naxos Records.
  * Antonín Dvořák: Requiem – Royal Flemish Philharmonic, Collegium Vocale Gent, conductor Philippe Herreweghe; soloists: Ilse Eerens (soprano), Bernarda Fink (mezzo-soprano), Maximilian Schmitt (tenor), Nathan Berg (bass). 2015 PHI, Outhere.
  * Dvořák: Requiem, Biblical Songs, Te Deum – Czech Philharmonic, Prague Philharmonic Choir, conductor Jakub Hrůša, conductor Jiří Bělohlávek, soloists: Ailyn Pérez (soprano), Christianne Stotijn [nl] (mezzo-soprano), Michael Spyres (tenor), Svatopluk Sem (baritone). 2020 Decca Records.
  