title: List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 102
text: # List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 102
  
  This is a list of cases reported in volume 102 of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States from 1879 to 1881.
  
  ## Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of 102 U.S.
  
  The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices). Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).
  
  When the cases in 102 U.S. were decided the Court comprised nine of the following ten members at one time (William Burnham Woods replaced William Strong in January 1881):
  
  | Justice | Office | Home State | Succeeded | Date confirmed by the Senate (Vote) | Tenure on Supreme Court |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Morrison Waite | Chief Justice | Ohio | Salmon P. Chase | January 21, 1874 (63–0) | March 4, 1874 – March 23, 1888 (Died) |
  | Nathan Clifford | Associate Justice | Maine | Benjamin Robbins Curtis | January 12, 1858 (26–23) | January 21, 1858 – July 25, 1881 (Died) |
  | Noah Haynes Swayne | Associate Justice | Ohio | John McLean | January 24, 1862 (38–1) | January 27, 1862 – January 24, 1881 (Retired) |
  | Samuel Freeman Miller | Associate Justice | Iowa | Peter Vivian Daniel | July 16, 1862 (Acclamation) | July 21, 1862 – October 13, 1890 (Died) |
  | Stephen Johnson Field | Associate Justice | California | newly-created seat | March 10, 1863 (Acclamation) | May 10, 1863 – December 1, 1897 (Retired) |
  | William Strong | Associate Justice | Pennsylvania | Robert Cooper Grier | February 18, 1870 (No vote recorded) | March 14, 1870 – December 14, 1880 (Retired) |
  | Joseph P. Bradley | Associate Justice | New Jersey | newly-created seat | March 21, 1870 (46–9) | March 23, 1870 – January 22, 1892 (Died) |
  | Ward Hunt | Associate Justice | New York | Samuel Nelson | December 11, 1872 (Acclamation) | January 9, 1873 – January 27, 1882 (Retired) |
  | John Marshall Harlan | Associate Justice | Kentucky | David Davis | November 29, 1877 (Acclamation) | December 10, 1877 – October 14, 1911 (Died) |
  | William Burnham Woods | Associate Justice | Georgia | William Strong | December 21, 1880 (39–8) | January 5, 1881 – May 14, 1887 (Died) |
  
  ## Notable Case in 102 U.S.
  
  ### Springer v. United States
  
  In Springer v. United States, 102 U.S. 586 (1881), the Supreme Court upheld the federal income tax imposed under the Revenue Act of 1864. The Court rejected Springer's argument that the income tax imposed by the 1864 statute was a direct tax not apportioned among the states according to the population of each state, as required under Article One of the United States Constitution; it held that "direct taxes, within the meaning of the Constitution, are only capitation taxes, as expressed in that instrument, and taxes on real estate; and that the tax of which [Springer] complains is within the category of an excise or duty".
  
  ## Citation style
  
  Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.
  
  Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.
  
  * "C.C.D." = United States Circuit Court for the District of . . .
     * e.g.,"C.C.D.N.J." = United States Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey
  * "D." = United States District Court for the District of . . .
     * e.g.,"D. Mass." = United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
  * "E." = Eastern; "M." = Middle; "N." = Northern; "S." = Southern; "W." = Western
     * e.g.,"C.C.S.D.N.Y." = United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
     * e.g.,"M.D. Ala." = United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
  * "Ct. Cl." = United States Court of Claims
  * The abbreviation of a state's name alone indicates the highest appellate court in that state's judiciary at the time.
     * e.g.,"Pa." = Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
     * e.g.,"Me." = Supreme Judicial Court of Maine
  
  ## List of cases in 102 U.S.
  
  | Case Name | Page & year | Opinion of the Court | Concurring opinion(s) | Dissenting opinion(s) | Lower Court | Disposition |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Myer v. Western C. Co. | 1 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | affirmed |
  | Brooklyn C. & N.R.R. Co. v. National Bank | 14 (1880) | Harlan | Bradley | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | Wyoming Nat'l Bank v. Dayton | 59 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Wyo. | reversed |
  | United States v. Peck | 64 (1880) | Bradley | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
  | Casey v. Adams | 66 (1880) | Waite | none | none | La. | affirmed |
  | Kirk v. Hamilton | 68 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | affirmed |
  | Gay v. Alter | 79 (1880) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.D. La. | affirmed |
  | Menasha v. Hazard | 81 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.E.D. Wis. | affirmed |
  | Parks v. Booth | 96 (1880) | Clifford | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ohio | affirmed |
  | Brooks v. Burlington & S. Ry. Co. | 107 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | rehearing denied |
  | Giddings v. Northwestern M.L. Ins. Co. | 108 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | Pearce v. Mulford | 112 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | reversed |
  | Schoonmaker v. Gilmore | 118 (1880) | Waite | none | none | Pa. | affirmed |
  | Railway Co. v. Heck | 120 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | Banking Ass'n v. Insurance Ass'n | 121 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. La. | dismissed |
  | Hayes v. Fischer | 121 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | dismissed |
  | Tiernan v. Rinker | 123 (1880) | Field | none | none | Tex. | affirmed |
  | Ball v. Langles | 128 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.D. La. | affirmed |
  | French v. Wade | 132 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. La. | affirmed |
  | New Orleans et al. R.R. Co. v. Mississippi | 135 (1880) | Harlan | none | Miller | Miss. | reversed |
  | Langford v. Monteith | 145 (1880) | Miller | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Idaho | affirmed |
  | Graham v. La Crosse & M.R.R. Co. | 148 (1880) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.E.D. Wis. | affirmed |
  | Seward v. Corneau | 161 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. La. | dismissed |
  | Potter v. Third Nat'l Bank | 163 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | Ivanhoe M. Co. v. Keystone C.M. Co. | 167 (1880) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Cal. | affirmed |
  | Jifkins v. Sweetzer | 177 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.W.D. Pa. | affirmed |
  | Davenport & N. Ry. Co. v. Renwick | 180 (1880) | Waite | none | none | Iowa | affirmed |
  | Ex parte Perry | 183 (1879) | Waite | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | mandamus denied |
  | Greene Cnty. v. Daniel | 187 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ala. | affirmed |
  | Recknagel v. Murphy | 197 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | The Clara | 200 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.E.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | Louisiana v. City of New Orleans | 203 (1880) | Field | none | none | La. | affirmed |
  | Solomon v. Arthur | 208 (1880) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | The Benefactor | 214 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.E.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | Hentig v. Page | 219 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. Kan. | dismissed |
  | Goodyear D.V. Co. v. Davis | 222 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
  | Garneau v. Dozier | 230 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.E.D. Mo. | affirmed |
  | Heryford v. Davis | 235 (1880) | Strong | none | Bradley | C.C.W.D. Mo. | reversed |
  | Williams v. Bruffy | 248 (1880) | Field | none | none | Va. | reversed |
  | People's Bank v. Calhoun | 256 (1880) | Miller | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | Rogers v. Palmer | 263 (1880) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Minn. | reversed |
  | Finch v. United States | 269 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
  | Cincinnati et al. R.R. Co. v. Hamblen Cnty. | 273 (1880) | Waite | none | none | Tenn. | affirmed |
  | Buchanan v. City of Litchfield | 278 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | City of Louisiana v. Wood | 294 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.E.D. Mo. | affirmed |
  | Sims v. Everhardt | 300 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.D. Ind. | reversed |
  | Hawley v. Upton | 314 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | affirmed |
  | Lanahan v. Sears | 318 (1880) | Field | none | none | C.C.W.D. Tex. | affirmed |
  | Clark v. United States | 322 (1880) | Waite | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
  | Hunnicutt v. Peyton | 333 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.W.D. Tex. | reversed |
  | Draper v. Davis | 370 (1880) | Waite | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | supersedeas set |
  | United States v. Atherton | 372 (1880) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Cal. | affirmed |
  | Densmore v. Scofield | 375 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ohio | affirmed |
  | United States v. Schurz | 378 (1880) | Miller | none | Waite | Sup. Ct. D.C. | reversed |
  | Swain T. & Mfg. Co. v. Ladd | 408 (1880) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
  | Daniels v. Tearney | 415 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | Va. Cir. Ct. | affirmed |
  | United States v. Knox | 422 (1880) | Swayne | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | affirmed |
  | McElrath v. United States | 426 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
  | Swift v. Smith | 442 (1880) | Strong | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | reversed |
  | Pennsylvania Co. v. Roy | 451 (1880) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | reversed |
  | Hall v. Law | 461 (1880) | Field | none | none | C.C.D. Ind. | affirmed |
  | Walker v. Reister | 467 (1881) | Miller | none | none | C.C.E.D. Mo. | affirmed |
  | Meriwether v. Garrett | 472 (1880) | Waite | Field | Strong | C.C.W.D. Tenn. | reversed |
  | Wadsworth v. Eau Claire Cnty. | 534 (1881) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.W.D. Wis. | affirmed |
  | Lord v. Goodall et al. Co. | 541 (1881) | Waite | none | none | C.C.D. Cal. | affirmed |
  | Connecticut G.L. Ins. Co. v. Eldredge | 545 (1881) | Field | none | none | not indicated | affirmed |
  | United States v. Pinson | 548 (1881) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.W.D. Tenn. | affirmed |
  | Goodman v. Niblack | 556 (1881) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Ind. | reversed |
  | George v. Tate | 564 (1881) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Kan. | affirmed |
  | Wilson v. McNamee | 572 (1881) | Swayne | none | none | N.Y. | affirmed |
  | Edwards v. United States | 575 (1880) | Waite | none | none | C.C.W.D. Mich. | dismissal denied |
  | Bennett v. Louisville & N.R.R. Co. | 577 (1881) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.D. Ky. | reversed |
  | Springer v. United States | 586 (1881) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ill. | affirmed |
  | United States v. Chouteau | 603 (1881) | Field | none | none | C.C.E.D. Mo. | affirmed |
  | Cramer v. Arthur | 612 (1881) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | Auffm'ordt v. Rasin | 620 (1881) | Miller | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
  | United States v. Goldback | 623 (1881) | Waite | none | none | C.C.E.D. Va. | affirmed |
  | Wells v. Pontotoc Cnty. | 625 (1880) | Waite | none | none | N.D. Miss. | affirmed |
  | Ogden v. Daviess Cnty. | 634 (1881) | Waite | none | none | C.C.W.D. Mo. | affirmed |
  | Kahn v. Central S. Co. | 641 (1881) | Field | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah | reversed |
  | Trimble v. Woodhead | 647 (1881) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Ky. | affirmed |
  | Barrett v. Holmes | 651 (1881) | Woods | none | none | Iowa | affirmed |
  | White v. Miner's Nat'l Bank | 658 (1881) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Colo. | reversed |
  | Third Nat'l Bank v. National Bank | 663 (1881) | Miller | none | none | not indicated | reversed |
  | Page v. Burnstine | 664 (1881) | Harlan | Bradley | Bradley | Sup. Ct. D.C. | reversed |
  | Hartman v. Greenhow | 672 (1881) | Field | none | Miller | Va. | reversed |
  | Sharpe v. Doyle | 686 (1881) | Miller | none | none | N.Y. Super. Ct. | reversed |
  | Mobile Cnty. v. Kimball | 691 (1881) | Field | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ala. | affirmed |
  | Tilghman v. Proctor | 707 (1881) | Bradley | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ohio | reversed |
  