title: Kiviõli
text: # Kiviõli
  
  Kiviõli is an industrial town in Ida-Viru County, Estonia, established in 1922. The main industry in the town is oil shale mining, which gives the town its name (literally "stone oil").
  
  ## Demographics
  
  Ethnic composition 1970–2021 :
  
  | Ethnicity | 1959 | 1959 | 1970 | 1970 | 1979 | 1979 | 1989 | 1989 | 2000 | 2000 | 2011 | 2011 | 2021 | 2021 |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Ethnicity | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % |
  | Estonians | 6017 | 57.6 | 5789 | 51.9 | 4914 | 44.5 | 3958 | 38.1 | 2921 | 39.5 | 2179 | 38.7 | 1924 | 39.6 |
  | Russians | - | - | 4431 | 39.7 | 5184 | 47.0 | 5369 | 51.7 | 3793 | 51.2 | 3020 | 53.6 | 2498 | 51.5 |
  | Ukrainians | - | - | 152 | 1.36 | 228 | 2.06 | 308 | 2.96 | 157 | 2.12 | 109 | 1.93 | 136 | 2.80 |
  | Belarusians | - | - | 93 | 0.83 | 139 | 1.26 | 184 | 1.77 | 119 | 1.61 | 79 | 1.40 | 69 | 1.42 |
  | Finns | - | - | 368 | 3.30 | 348 | 3.15 | 308 | 2.96 | 193 | 2.61 | 100 | 1.77 | 68 | 1.40 |
  | Jews | - | - | 13 | 0.12 | 11 | 0.10 | 10 | 0.10 | 3 | 0.04 | 2 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 |
  | Latvians | - | - | 41 | 0.37 | 25 | 0.23 | 19 | 0.18 | 10 | 0.14 | 10 | 0.18 | 10 | 0.21 |
  | Germans | - | - | - | - | 74 | 0.67 | 83 | 0.80 | 46 | 0.62 | 49 | 0.87 | 31 | 0.64 |
  | Tatars | - | - | - | - | 13 | 0.12 | 26 | 0.25 | 14 | 0.19 | 7 | 0.12 | 6 | 0.12 |
  | Poles | - | - | - | - | 26 | 0.24 | 22 | 0.21 | 11 | 0.15 | 7 | 0.12 | 7 | 0.14 |
  | Lithuanians | - | - | 18 | 0.16 | 27 | 0.24 | 24 | 0.25 | 17 | 0.23 | 14 | 0.25 | 12 | 0.25 |
  | unknown | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 70 | 0.94 | 4 | 0.07 | 5 | 0.10 |
  | other | 4427 | 42.4 | 248 | 2.22 | 61 | 0.55 | 79 | 0.76 | 51 | 0.69 | 54 | 0.96 | 86 | 1.77 |
  | Total | 10444 | 100 | 11153 | 100 | 11050 | 100 | 10390 | 100 | 7405 | 100 | 5634 | 100 | 4854 | 99.9 |
  
  ## Neighborhoods of Kiviõli
  
  Included in the town limits, but somewhat separate from the main part of the town, are the districts of Küttejõu and Varinurme.
  
  There are five neighborhoods of Kiviõli:
  
  * Küttejõu
  * Lepatee
  * Sala-Aru
  * Soopealse
  * Varinurme.
  
  ## Gallery
  
  * Kiviõli oil factory
  * Ash mountains
  