title: Calucones
text: # Calucones
  
  The Calucones were a Gallic or Rhaetian tribe dwelling around present-day Chur (eastern Switzerland) during the Roman period.
  
  ## Name
  
  They are mentioned as Calucones (var. Callucones, Allucones) by Pliny (1st c. AD), and as kaloúkōnes (καλούκωνες; var. καλούκονες, κουλούκωνες) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).
  
  The etymology of the name remains debated. It could go back to a Celtic form calo-uco-on-, derived from the stem calo- ('call'). Alternatively, it may be derived from a stem *calu- ('hard') attached to -cones ('wolves'), and translated as 'hard wolves'.
  
  An homonym tribe, the Kaloukones, lived further north, near the Germanic Suebi.
  
  ## Geography
  
  The Calucones probably dwelled around present-day Chur (Curia), in the Canton of Grisons.
  
  Their territory was located north of the Suanetes and Rugusci, west of the Focunates and Venostes, south of the Vennones.
  
  ## History
  
  They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.
  
  