title: Ese language
text: # Ese language
  
  Ese, or Managalasi, is a language of Oro Province, Papua New Guinea. Dialects are Muaturaina, Chimona, Dea, Akabafa, Nami, Mesari, Averi, Afore, Minjori, Oko, Wakue, Numba, Jimuni, Karira. Perhaps 40% of speakers are monolingual.
  
  It is spoken in the Kawawoki Mission area of Popondetta.
  
  ## Phonology
  
  ### Consonants
  
  | | | Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Stop/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | tɕ | k | ʔ |
  | Stop/ Affricate | voiced | | | dʑ | | |
  | Fricative | Fricative | β | s | | | h |
  | Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | | |
  | Tap | Tap | | ɾ | | | |
  
  * Allophones of phonemes /β, tɕ, dʑ, ɾ/ exist as [b, ts, ɖʐ, ɺ].
  
  ### Vowels
  
  | | Front | Back |
  | - | - | - |
  | High | i | u |
  | Mid | e | o |
  | Low | a | |
  
  * A central vowel sound [ʉ] can be heard as a result of /i/ preceding /u/.
  * Allophones of /e, a, o/, exist as [ɛ ə ɔ].
  * A semivowel sound [w] occurs when /u/ precedes a stressed vowel.
  