title: Pangerang
text: # Pangerang
  
  The Pangerang, also spelt Bangerang and Bangarang, are the Indigenous Australians who traditionally occupied much of what is now north-eastern Victoria stretching along the Murray River to Echuca and into the areas of the southern Riverina in New South Wales. They may not have been an independent tribal reality, as Norman Tindale thought, but one of the many Yorta Yorta tribes. For the purposes of this article, they are treated separately, according to those sources that maintain the distinction.
  
  ## Country
  
  Pangerang lands covered some 2,600 square miles (6,700 $km^2),$ running through the lower Goulburn River valley and extending westwards to the Murray River. It covered areas east and west of Shepparton, taking in also Wangaratta, Benalla, and Kyabram. The southern reaches extend as far as Toolamba and Violet Town.
  
  ## Social structure
  
  The Bangerang collective of tribes, or nation, also known as the Yorta Yorta, consists of 8 hordes, according to Norman Tindale, though others have been included in the list.
  
  * Moiraduban
  * Waningotbun. (at Kotupna)
  * Maragan. (perhaps Maraban.)
  * Owanguttha.
  
  We know somewhat more about the fish-loving Wongatpan and the opossum-hunting Towroonban, two Pangerang clans, simply because they happen to have been the tribes inhabiting the area where the ethnographer Edward Micklethwaite Curr took over his pastoral run.
  
  ### Alternative names
  
  * Panggarang, Pangorang, Pangurang, Pine-gorine, Pine-go-rine, Pinegerine, Pinegorong
  * Bangerang, Banjgaranj
  * Pallaganmiddah
  * Jabalajabala. (from the word jabala meaning no), a name applied to western Pangerang hordes)
  * Yaballa, Yabula-yabula
  * Waningotbun
  * Maragan
  * Owanguttha
  * Yurt. (exonym used by northerners and the Ngurelban, from jurta, meaning no)
  * Yoorta
  * Moiraduban
  * Moitheriban
  * Bangarang
  
  ## History
  
  Some Pangerang were killed in colonial frontier wars, such as at the massacre at Moira Swamp/Lake Barmah.
  
  