title: List of firsts in Sweden
text: # List of firsts in Sweden
  
  This is a list of firsts in Sweden.
  
  ## Politics and government
  
  * First Prime Minister: Louis De Geer: March 20, 1876 – April 19, 1880.
  * First female minister of cabinet: Karin Kock (s), 1947
  * First female leader of a Riksdag party: Karin Söder (c), 1985
  * First female Prime Minister: Magdalena Andersson: 30 November 2021 – 18 October 2022.
  * First openly homosexual minister of cabinet: Andreas Carlgren (c), 2006.
  * First minister of cabinet of African origin: Nyamko Sabuni (fp), 2006.
  * First speaker of the unicameral Riksdag: Henry Allard (s), 1971.
  
  ## Architecture
  
  * First planned settlement: Birka
  
  ## Education and academia
  
  * First university: Uppsala University, founded in 1477, continuous since 1593.
  * First female dentist: Rosalie Fougelberg, 1867 (Amalia Assur, was licensed in 1852, but only with a special permission)
  * First female medical doctor: Karolina Widerström, 1884
  * First female PhD: Ellen Fries, promoted in 1883
  * First female professor: Sofia Kovalevskaya, 1889
  * First female university student: Betty Pettersson, 1872
  * First (trained) nurse: Emmy Rappe, 1867
  * First female pharmacist: Agnes Arvidsson, 1903 (First female with a degree in pharmacology)
  * First female psychiatrist: Alfhild Tamm, 1908
  
  ## Science and technology
  
  * First scientific discovery: Lymphatic system by Olaus Rudbeck.
  * First elephant: Imported from Ceylon in 1804.
  * First railway: Frykstadbanan, between Frykstad and Klara Älvs, in the province of Värmland, converted to steam operation in 1855.
  * First home-built automobile: a steam car built in 1891-92 by brothers Jöns and Anders Cederholm.
  * First aeroplane flight: Frenchman George Legagneux flew his aircraft in Stockholm, 1909.
  * First Volvo automobile: Volvo ÖV4, left production line on 14 April, 1927.
  * First line of the Stockholm metro: Slussen to Hökarängen, opened October 1, 1950.
  * First nuclear reactor: R1 at Royal Institute of Technology, started on July 13, 1954.
  * First motorway: Malmö-Lund, 1950s.
  
  ## Culture
  
  * First official translation of the Bible: Gustav Vasa Bible, 1541
  * First professional native actress: Beata Sabina Straas, 1737
  * First theatre: Björngårdsteatern, 1640
  * First professional woman photographer: Brita Sofia Hesselius, 1845
  * First female film producer: Ebba Lindkvist, 1910
  
  ## Business
  
  * First casino: Casino Cosmopol in Sundsvall, opened on July 1, 2001
  
  ## Titles and awards
  
  * First Miss Sweden to win Miss World Kicki Håkansson in 1951
  * First Miss Sweden to win Miss Universe Hillevi Rombin in 1955
  
  ## Other
  
  * First professional woman swimmer Nancy Edberg, 1847
  