title: Turkish Ice Hockey Super League
text: # Turkish Ice Hockey Super League
  
  The Turkish Ice Hockey Super League (Turkish: Türkiye Buz Hokeyi Süper Ligi, abbreviated TBHSL) is the highest level of professional ice hockey in Turkey. It is operated under the jurisdiction of the Turkish Ice Hockey Federation, a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. Unlike the National Hockey League, the Super League is not divided into conferences; teams compete in a single division. The league currently consists of six teams, from two cities.
  
  The champion of the league qualifies for the first round of the IIHF Continental Cup.
  
  ## History
  
  The Bel-Pa Ice Rink hosted the first match ever played in compliance with the IIHF rules and regulations, at the end of 1989 between Ankara Tarım Kredi Spor and Istanbul Paten Kulübü teams.
  
  As of January 1990, ice hockey in Turkey was operated under the jurisdiction of the Turkish Ski Federation, and the first official championship ever was organized among two teams from Ankara and two from Istanbul. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Istanbul Paten Kulübü, Ankara Atatürk Buz Hokeyi Takımı and İstanbul Boğaziçi Patinaj Klübü has participated to the championship and B.B. Ankara SK became the champion.
  
  The rising interest in ice hockey effected the increasing number of players and then the teams. The Turkish Ice Hockey Federation was founded in 1991. Rino Ouellette, a Canadian diplomat in Ankara, who coached two teams consecutively, contributed much to the development of ice hockey sport in Turkey. A tournament, organized in 1992, laid the ground stone for the establishment of Turkey's first ice hockey league in 1993.
  
  ## TBHSL seasons
  
  ### 2016–17 season
  
  The 2016–17 league season was sponsored again by "Didi".
  
  **Standings**
  
  The 2016–17 league ended with Zeytinburnu SK leading. The first four leading teams were promoted to play semi-finals.
  
  | Place | Team | GP | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | P |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | Zeytinburnu SK | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 175 | 13 | 162 | 30 |
  | 2 | Erzurum BB GSK | 10 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 79 | 24 | 55 | 24 |
  | 3 | Gümüş Patenler SK | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 37 | 62 | −25 | 14 |
  | 4 | Buzadam GSK | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 28 | 94 | −66 | 9 |
  | 5 | Başkent Yıldızları BP BHSK | 10 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 133 | 90 | −57 | 7 |
  | 6 | Koç Üniversitesi SK | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 27 | 96 | −69 | 3 |
  
  **2017 Playoffs**
  
  League leader played against the 4th ranked team, the runner-up against the third ranked. Zeytinburnu SK became 2016–17 league champion defeating Erzurum BB GSK by 2–0 in five final matches.
  
  | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Finals | Finals |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | February 25–26, 2017 | February 25–26, 2017 |
  | Zeytinburnu SK | 2 (45) |
  | Zeytinburnu SK | 2 (45) | March 4–5, 2017 | March 4–5, 2017 |
  | Buzadam GSK | 0 (0) | March 4–5, 2017 | March 4–5, 2017 |
  | Buzadam GSK | 0 (0) | Zeytinburnu SK | 2 (27) |
  | February 25–26, 2017 | February 25–26, 2017 | | Zeytinburnu SK | 2 (27) |
  | February 25–26, 2017 | February 25–26, 2017 | Erzurum BB GSK | 0 (3) |
  | Erzurum BB GSK | 2 (13) | Erzurum BB GSK | 0 (3) |
  | Gümüş Patenler SK | 0 (3) | | |
  | Gümüş Patenler SK | 0 (3) | Third place | Third place |
  | | | March 4–11, 2017 | March 4–11, 2017 |
  | | | Gümüş Patenler SK | 2 (19) |
  | | | Buzadam GSK | 1 (13) |
  
  ### 2015–16 season
  
  The 2015–16 league season was sponsored by the iced tea brand "Didi" of the state-owned Turkish Tea Producers Corporation Çaykur, and named so Didi TBHSL.
  
  **Teams**
  
  The clubs played in the 2015–16 season are listed below, alongside their home towns. The leagues matches were played in two groups, the East Division and the West Divisionp.
  
  | East Division | East Division | West Division | West Division |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | Club | Home town | Club | Home town |
  | BB Ankara SK | Ankara | Buz Korsanları SK | Istanbul |
  | Erzurum BB GSK | Erzurum | İzmir BB GSK | Izmir |
  | Erzurum Gençlik SK | Erzurum | Koç Üniversitesi SK | Istanbul |
  | Genç Ankaralılar SK | Ankara | Pars Buz Sporları SK | Istanbul |
  | Gümüş Patenler SK | Ankara | Zeytinburnu SK | Istanbul |
  
  **Standings**
  
  The 2015–16 league ended with İzmir BB GSK leading. The first four leading teams were promoted to play semi-finals.
  
  | Place | Team | GP | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | P |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | İzmir BB GSK | 10 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 133 | 20 | 113 | 26 |
  | 2 | Zeytinburnu SK | 10 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 146 | 20 | 126 | 25 |
  | 3 | Erzurum BB GSK | 10 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 94 | 29 | 65 | 21 |
  | 4 | Koç Üniversitesi SK | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 42 | 96 | −54 | 12 |
  | 5 | Gümüş Patenler SK | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 22 | 132 | −110 | 0 |
  | 6 | BB Ankara SK | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 15 | 155 | −140 | 0 |
  
  **2016 Playoffs**
  
  League leader played against the 4th ranked team, the runner-up against the third ranked. Zeytinburnu SK became 2015–16 league champion defeating İzmir BB GSK by 3–2 in five final matches.
  
  | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Finals | Finals |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | April 16–17, 2016 | April 16–17, 2016 |
  | İzmir BB GSK | 2 (42) |
  | İzmir BB GSK | 2 (42) | April 23–30, 2016 | April 23–30, 2016 |
  | Koç Üniversitesi SK | 0 (1) | April 23–30, 2016 | April 23–30, 2016 |
  | Koç Üniversitesi SK | 0 (1) | İzmir BB GSK | 2 (26) |
  | April 12–16, 2016 | April 12–16, 2016 | | İzmir BB GSK | 2 (26) |
  | April 12–16, 2016 | April 12–16, 2016 | Zeytinburnu SK | 3 (31) |
  | Zeytinburnu SK | 3 (22) | Zeytinburnu SK | 3 (31) |
  | Erzurum BB GSK | 0 (8) | | |
  | Erzurum BB GSK | 0 (8) | Third place | Third place |
  | | | April 23–24, 2016 | April 23–24, 2016 |
  | | | Koç Üniversitesi SK | 0 (2) |
  | | | Erzurum BB GSK | 2 (28) |
  
  ### 2009–10 season
  
  **Final Standings**
  
  | Place | Team | GP' | W | T | L | PTS |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | Ankara University SK | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 25 |
  | 1 | Baskent Yildizlari SK | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 25 |
  | 3 | Kocaeli BB Kagitspor | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 19 |
  | 4 | Polis Akademisi | 10 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 13 |
  | 5 | BB Ankara SK | 10 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 6 |
  | 6 | Izmit Sirintepe SK | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
  
  * Kocaeli BB had to surrender three of its wins when it was discovered that a player was playing with an illegal transfer card. Therefore, for playoff standings, Kocaeli BB would take the 4th seed and Polis would take the 3rd seed.
  
  **Teams**
  
  | Club | Home town | Arena | Founded |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | Ankara University SK | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1948 |
  | Başkent Yıldızları | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 2004 |
  | B.B. Ankara SK | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1978 |
  | Izmit Şirintepe SK | Izmit | Kocaeli | 2000 |
  | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt | Izmit | Kocaeli | 2000 |
  | Polis Akademisi | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1996 |
  
  **2010 Playoffs**
  
  | Semi-finals February 27, 2010 | Semi-finals February 27, 2010 | Semi-finals February 27, 2010 | Finals February 28, 2010 | Finals February 28, 2010 | Finals February 28, 2010 |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | Ankara University | 7 | | | |
  | 4 | Kocaeli BB | 2 | | | |
  | 4 | Kocaeli BB | 2 | 1 | Ankara University | 7 |
  | | | | 2 | Başkent Yıldızları | 3 |
  | 2 | Başkent Yıldızları | 8 | 2 | Başkent Yıldızları | 3 |
  | 3 | Polis Akademsi | 1 | | | |
  
  **2010 All-Star Game**
  
  On March 13, 2010 the Super League All-Star Game will be held in Ankara at the Bel-Pa arena. The game will be televised on TRT and there will be a special guest appearance by Turkish Pop Star Nil Karaibrahimgil. After the game Nil Karaibrahimgil will be performing at a club in Ankara for the players and fans who attend the All-Star Game.
  
  ### 2008–09 season
  
  **Teams**
  
  The clubs played in the 2008–2009 season are listed below, alongside their home towns.
  
  | Club | Home town | Arena | Founded | Rank |
  | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Başkent Yıldızları | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 2004 | 3rd |
  | B.B. Ankaraspor | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1978 | 6th |
  | İstanbul Paten | Istanbul | Galleria | 1987 | 4th |
  | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt | Izmit | Kocaeli | 2000 | 1st |
  | Polis Akademisi | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1996 | 2nd |
  | Anka SK | Ankara | Bel-Pa | 1954 | 5th |
  
  **Season structure**
  
  In the 2008–09 regular season, each team played 10 games. The four best teams at the conclusion of regular season proceed to the play-offs where semifinals and the final are all played. Games are played over 3 rounds. Higher-ranking teams play the first match at home. Teams are paired up for each round according to regular season results. The highest-ranking team will play against the lowest-ranking and second highest against the second lowest. Team which finishes the league in last position relegates to the Turkish Ice Hockey First League.
  
  League starts at the end of December and finishes in early May. Games are mostly played on Saturday or Sunday.
  
  The TBHSL's points system is different from the ice hockey leagues in Europe. 3 points are awarded for a win, 1 points for tie and 0 points for a loss.
  
  **Standings**
  
  Note: GF= Goals for, GA = Goals against
  
  | Team | Games | Won | Lost | Tied | GF | GA | Points |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | Kocaeli B.B. | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 149 | 18 | 27 |
  | 2 | Polis Akademisi | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 141 | 28 | 24 |
  | 3 | Başkent Yıldızları | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 110 | 44 | 21 |
  | 4 | Istanbul Paten | 10 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 21 | 104 | 9 |
  | 5 | Anka SK | 10 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 28 | 153 | 6 |
  | 6 | B.B. Ankara | 10 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 23 | 145 | 3 |
  
  ## Ice hockey rinks
  
  Currently, Turkish Ice Hockey Super League games are played by teams in four cities including Istanbul, Ankara, İzmir and Erzurum. Ice hockey rinks hosting the TBHSL are Silivrikapı Ice Skating Hall (seating capacity: 900) and Zeytinburnu Ice Rink (700) in Istanbul, Ankara Ice Skating Palace (1,150) in Ankara, Bornova Ice Sports Hall (1,751) in İzmir, Palandöken Ice Skating Hall (2,000) and Yakutiye Ice Skating Hall (3,000 and 500) in Erzurum. Another olympic-sized ice hockey rink is Kocaeli B.B. Ice Arena (3,600) in İzmit.
  
  Ice hockey rinks in Turkey follow the IIHF specifications for ice surface dimensions of 60 m × 30 m (197 ft × 98 ft), and a corner radius of 8.50 m (27.9 ft).
  
  ## Champions
  
  Since 1992–93, a regular Turkish national league is staged. In the first ever edition, six teams competed and B.B. Ankara crowned themselves the champion, by winning all five games. This team has earned the most titles – seven in all. They battled out their last championship in the 2002–03 season. Polis Akademisi ve Koleji (Police Academy) won five championships and has been the most successful team in recent years. Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt S.K. from İzmit was stopped after reigning from 2004. Since the beginning of the Turkish Ice Hockey Super League, Ankara teams have earned the most titles. Apart from the teams based in Ankara, only Istanbul Paten Kulübü and Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt have won the championship.
  
  | Season | Champion | Runner Up |
  | - | - | - |
  | 2021–22 | Buzadam Istanbul | İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor |
  | 2020–21 | Buz Beykoz Istanbul | Zeytinburnu BS |
  | 2019–20 | Buz Beykoz Istanbul | Zeytinburnu BS |
  | 2018–19 | Zeytinburnu BS | Buzadam Istanbul |
  | 2017–18 | Zeytinburnu BS | Erzurum BB GSK |
  | 2016–17 | Zeytinburnu BS | Erzurum BB GSK |
  | 2015–16 | Zeytinburnu BS | İzmir BB GSK |
  | 2014–15. | Zeytinburnu BS | İzmir BB GSK |
  | 2013–14. | İzmir BB GSK | Zeytinburnu BS |
  | 2012–13. | Başkent Yıldızları | İzmir BB GSK |
  | 2011–12 | Başkent Yıldızları | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2010–11 | Başkent Yıldızları | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2009–10 | Ankara University SK | Başkent Yıldızları |
  | 2008–09 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2007–08 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2006–07 | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji |
  | 2005–06 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2004–05 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2003–04 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt SK |
  | 2002–03 | B.B. Ankara SK | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji |
  | 2001–02 | B.B. Ankara SK | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji |
  | 2000–01 | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji | B.B. Ankara SK |
  | 1999–2000 | B.B. Ankara SK | Istanbul Paten K |
  | 1998–99 | Gümüş Patenler SK | Istanbul Paten K |
  | 1997–98 | Istanbul Paten K | B.B. Ankara SK |
  | 1996–97 | B.B. Ankara SK | Istanbul Paten K |
  | 1995–96 | Kavaklıdere B. SK | Istanbul Paten K |
  | 1994–95 | B.B. Ankara SK | Emniyet SK |
  | 1993–94 | B.B. Ankara SK | Emniyet SK |
  | 1992–93 | B.B. Ankara SK | Mülkiye SK |
  
  ### Performance by club
  
  | Club | Champions | Winning Years |
  | - | - | - |
  | B.B. Ankara SK | 7 | 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2002, 2003 |
  | Polis Akademisi ve Koleji† | 6 | 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009 |
  | Zeytinburnu BS | 5 | 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 |
  | Başkent Yıldızları | 3 | 2011, 2012, 2013 |
  | Buz Beykoz Istanbul | 2 | 2020, 2021 |
  | Kavaklıdere B. SK | 1 | 1996 |
  | Istanbul Paten K† | 1 | 1998 |
  | Gümüş Patenler SK | 1 | 1999 |
  | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt | 1 | 2007 |
  | Ankara University SK | 1 | 2010 |
  | İzmir BB GSK | 1 | 2014 |
  | Buzadam Istanbul | 1 | 2022 |
  
  † Club has folded and is no longer operating.
  
  ## IIHF Continental Cup
  
  ### 2017–18 Continental Cup – first round – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Crvena Zvezda | Serbia | 3 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
  | Zeytinburnu BS | Turkey | 2 | 1 | 10 | 9 |
  | Irbis-Skate Sofia | Bulgaria | 1 | 2 | 11 | 11 |
  | Esja Reykjavík | Iceland | 0 | 3 | 5 | 13 |
  
  ### 2016–17 Continental Cup – first round – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Zeytinburnu BS | Turkey | 3 | 0 | 32 | 6 |
  | Partizan Belgrade | Serbia | 2 | 1 | 12 | 14 |
  | Irbis-Skate Sofia | Bulgaria | 1 | 2 | 9 | 13 |
  | HC Bat Yam | Israel | 0 | 3 | 10 | 30 |
  
  ### 2016–17 Continental Cup – second round – Group B
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Nottingham Panthers | Great Britain | 3 | 0 | 28 | 4 |
  | HK Liepāja | Latvia | 2 | 1 | 19 | 6 |
  | Zeytinburnu BS | Turkey | 1 | 2 | 9 | 23 |
  | CH Jaca | Spain | 0 | 3 | 7 | 30 |
  
  ### 2015–16 Continental Cup – first round – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | CSKA Sofia | Bulgaria | 3 | 0 | 28 | 10 |
  | Zeytinburnu BS | Turkey | 2 | 1 | 23 | 14 |
  | Partizan Belgrade | Serbia | 1 | 2 | 14 | 17 |
  | Rishon Devils | Israel | 0 | 3 | 6 | 30 |
  
  ### 2014–15 Continental Cup – First Group Stage – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | CSKA Sofia | Bulgaria | 3 | 0 | 32 | 7 |
  | CG Puigcerdà | Spain | 2 | 1 | 27 | 5 |
  | HK Beostar | Serbia | 1 | 2 | 23 | 17 |
  | İzmir BB GSK | Turkey | 0 | 3 | 6 | 59 |
  
  ### 2013–14 IIHF Continental Cup
  
  Did not participate.
  
  ### 2012–13 Continental Cup – First Group Stage – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | HSC Csíkszereda | Romania | 3 | 0 | 36 | 0 |
  | Başkent Yıldızları | Turkey | 2 | 1 | 19 | 17 |
  | HK Vitez | Serbia | 1 | 2 | 16 | 12 |
  | HC Metulla | Israel | 0 | 3 | 1 | 43 |
  
  ### 2011–12 Continental Cup – First Group Stage – Group A
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | White Caps Turnhout | Belgium | 2 | 0 | 21 | 3 |
  | Tartu Kalev-Välk | Estonia | 1 | 1 | 13 | 7 |
  | Başkent Yıldızları | Turkey | 0 | 2 | 3 | 27 |
  | HC Metulla† | Israel | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
  
  † HC Metulla withdrew from tournament in July, 2011
  
  ### 2010–11 Continental Cup – First Group Stage – Group A.
  
  | Team | Country | W | L | GF | GA |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | CH Jaca | Spain | 2 | 0 | 22 | 1 |
  | Ankara University SK | Turkey | 1 | 1 | 9 | 10 |
  | HC Bat Yam | Israel | 0 | 2 | 3 | 23 |
  | Energija Elektrenai† | Lithuania | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
  
  † Energija Elektrenai were not able to compete in the tournament because their airline went bankrupt the day of their departure to Spain.
  
  ### Turkish teams' Continental Cup results
  
  | Year | Team | Host | W | L | PTS | Rd 1 | Rd 2 | Rd 3 | Final |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1997–98 | B.B. Ankara SK | Romania Miercurea-Ciuc | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 1998–99 | Istanbul Paten K | Romania Bucharest | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 1998–99 | B.B. Ankara SK | Romania Miercurea-Ciuc | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 1999–2000 | Istanbul Paten K | Bulgaria Sofia | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3rd | – | – | – |
  | 1999–2000 | Gümüş Patenler SK | Bulgaria Sofia | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 2000–01 | Istanbul Paten K | FR Yugoslavia Belgrade | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 2000–01 | B.B. Ankara SK | Bulgaria Sofia | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 2001–02 | Polis Akademisi | Turkey Ankara | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2001–02 | B.B. Ankara SK | Bulgaria Sofia | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2002–03 | B.B. Ankara SK | Romania Gheorgheni | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 2003–04 | DNP | | | | | | | |
  | 2004–05 | DNP | | | | | | | |
  | 2005–06 | Polis Akademisi | Turkey Ankara | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2006–07 | Polis Akademisi | Serbia Belgrade | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2007–08 | Kocaeli B.B. Kağıt | Romania Miercurea-Ciuc | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3rd | – | – | – |
  | 2008–09 | DNP | | | | | | | |
  | 2009–10 | Polis Akademisi | Turkey Ankara | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3rd | – | – | – |
  | 2010–11 | Ankara University SK | Spain Jaca | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2011–12 | Başkent Yıldızları | Turkey Ankara | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3rd | – | – | – |
  | 2012–13 | Başkent Yıldızları | Romania Miercurea Ciuc | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2013–14 | DNP | | | | | | | |
  | 2014–15 | İzmir BB GSK | Bulgaria Sofia | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4th | – | – | – |
  | 2015–16 | Zeytinburnu BS | Serbia Belgrade | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  | 2016–17 | Zeytinburnu BS | Bulgaria Sofia, Spain Jaca | 4 | 2 | 12 | 1st | 3rd | – | – |
  | 2017–18 | Zeytinburnu BS | Serbia Belgrade | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2nd | – | – | – |
  
  From 1999 to 2002, two clubs qualified for Turkey. Only one year (2000) did both Turkish clubs compete in the same Group.
  
  * DNP: Did not participate
  