title: Stepanos Nazarian
text: # Stepanos Nazarian
  
  Stepanos Nazarian (Armenian: Ստեփանոս Նազարեան, Russian: Степанос Исаевич Назарян, 27 May [O.S. 15 May] 1812, in Tiflis – 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1879, in Moscow) was an Armenian-Russian publisher, enlightener, historian of literature and orientalist.
  
  ## Biography
  
  He was born in the family of a priest. Graduated from the department of philosophy in the University of Tartu in 1840. In 1849 he became a professor of Persian and Arab literature in Moscow in the Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages. He published a number of scholarly works and earned his doctoral dissertation on a work analyzing Ferdowsi's Shahnameh.
  
  Under the influence of the European enlightenment movement and the Russian social movement of the 1840s, Nazarian increasingly began writing against the feudal system and its ideology. In the 1850s he became the leader of the Armenian enlightenment movement. Between 1858 and 1864 he published in Moscow the influential magazine Hyusisapayl (Aurora Borealis), that had a great effect on the development of progressive public thought in Armenia. He criticized serfdom and clerical power for the spiritual revival of the Armenian people; however, he refused to classify his actions as part of a broader class struggle. Nazarian advanced the idea of public education in the new enlightenment era as well as the replacement of Classical Armenian (grabar) with the new literary Ashkarhabar. He was a supporter of deism and promoted Russian and foreign literature. Translated many of Friedrich Schiller's dramas.
  
  