title: List of the vascular plants of the Falkland Islands
text: # List of the vascular plants of the Falkland Islands
  
  The flora of the Falkland Islands comprises 178 native species (marked * in the list below), 219 non-native species ('†') and 6 of uncertain status. Thirteen species (marked in bold) are endemic to the islands, and two – Gamochaeta malvinensis and Polystichum mohrioides – are near-endemics, being also found on other nearby islands.
  
  ## Ferns and fern allies
  
  * Huperzia fuegiana, fir clubmoss*
  * Lycopodium confertum, creeping clubmoss*
  * Lycopodium magellanicum, common clubmoss*
  * Ophioglossum crotalophoroides, adder's-tongue*
  * Equisetum arvense, field horsetail†
  * Adiantum chilense, maidenhair-fern*
  * Asplenium dareoides, spleenwort*
  * Asplenium scolopendrium, hart's-tongue fern
  * Blechnum magellanicum, tall-fern*
  * Blechnum penna-marina, small-fern*
  * Botrychium dusenii, Dusen's moonwort*
  * Cystopteris fragilis, brittle bladder-fern*
  * Dryopteris dilatata, broad buckler-fern†
  * Dryopteris filix-mas, male-fern†
  * Grammitis poeppigiana, strap-fern*
  * Hymenophyllum caespitosum, red-haired filmy-fern*
  * Hymenophyllum darwinii, Darwin's filmy-fern*
  * Hymenophyllum falklandicum, Falkland filmy-fern*
  * Hymenophyllum tortuosum, twisted filmy-fern*
  * Hypolepis poeppigii, bramble-fern*
  * Parablechnum cordatum, Chilean tall-fern*
  * Polystichum mohrioides, shield-fern*
  * Rumohra adiantiformis, leathery shield-fern*
  * Schizaea fistulosa, comb fern*
  * Sticherus cryptocarpa, coral-fern*
  
  ## Gymnosperms
  
  * Cupressus macrocarpa, Monterey cypress†
  * Picea sitchensis, Sitka spruce†
  * Pinus contorta, lodgepole pine†
  * Pinus echinata, shortleaf pine†
  * Pinus muricata, bishop pine†
  * Pinus nigra, Austrian pine†
  * Pinus radiata, Monterey pine†
  * Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine†
  
  ## Angiosperms
  
  ### Ranunculales
  
  **Berberidaceae**
  
  * Berberis microphylla, calafate†
  
  **Papaveraceae**
  
  * Fumaria muralis, common ramping-fumitory†
  * Papaver dubium subsp. dubium, long-headed poppy†
  * Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii, yellow-juiced poppy†
  
  **Ranunculaceae**
  
  * Hamadryas argentea, silvery buttercup*
  * Psychrophila appendiculata, dwarf marigold*
  * Psychrophila sagittata, arrow-leaved marigold*
  * Ranunculus acaulis, Skottsberg's buttercup*
  * Ranunculus biternatus, Antarctic buttercup*
  * Ranunculus hydrophilus, marsh buttercup*
  * Ranunculus maclovianus, Falkland buttercup*
  * Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius, false ladle-leaved buttercup*
  * Ranunculus repens, creeping buttercup†
  * Ranunculus sceleratus, celery-leaved buttercup†
  * Ranunculus sericocephalus, silky buttercup*
  * Ranunculus trullifolius, ladle-leaved buttercup*
  
  ### Gunnerales
  
  * Gunnera magellanica, pigvine*
  
  ### Saxifragales
  
  **Crassulaceae**
  
  * Crassula moschata,* stonecrop*
  * Sedum acre, biting stonecrop†
  * Sedum forsterianum, rock stonecrop†
  
  **Grossulariaceae**
  
  * Ribes magellanicum, Magellanic currant†
  * Ribes nigrum, black currant†
  * Ribes rubrum, red currant†
  * Ribes uva-crispa, gooseberry†
  
  **Haloragaceae**
  
  * Myriophyllum quitense, water-milfoil*
  
  **Saxifragaceae**
  
  * Saxifraga magellanica, saxifrage*
  * Saxifraga × urbium, London pride†
  
  ### Fabales
  
  * Cytisus scoparius, broom†
  * Glycyrrhiza astragalina,†
  * Lotus corniculatus, bird's-foot-trefoil†
  * Lotus pedunculatus, greater bird's-foot-trefoil†
  * Lupinus arboreus, tree lupin†
  * Medicago sativa, lucerne†
  * Trifolium arvense, hare's-foot clover†
  * Trifolium aureum, golden clover†
  * Trifolium dubium, lesser trefoil†
  * Trifolium fragiferum, strawberry clover†
  * Trifolium hybridum, alsike clover†
  * Trifolium pratense, red clover†
  * Trifolium repens, white clover†
  * Trifolium striatum, knotted clover†
  * Ulex europaeus, gorse†
  * Ulex gallii, western gorse†
  * Vicia cracca, tufted vetch†
  * Vicia sativa, common vetch†
  * Vicia sepium, bush vetch†
  
  ### Rosales
  
  **Rosaceae**
  
  * Acaena antarctica, Antarctic prickly-burr*
  * Acaena lucida,* yarrow*
  * Acaena magellanica, prickly-burr*
  * Acaena ovalifolia, oval-leaved prickly-burr*
  * Acaena pumila, dwarf prickly-burr*
  * Aphanes arvensis, parsley-piert†
  * Malus domestica, apple†
  * Potentilla anserina, silverweed†
  * Prunus domestica, plum†
  * Rosa canina, dog-rose†
  * Rosa rubiginosa, sweet-briar†
  * Rosa rugosa, Japanese rose†
  * Rubus geoides, Falkland strawberry*
  * Rubus idaeus, raspberry†
  * Sorbus aria, whitebeam†
  * Sorbus aucuparia, rowan†
  
  **Urticaceae**
  
  * Urtica urens, annual stinging-nettle†
  
  ### Fagales
  
  * Castanea sativa, sweet chestnut†
  * Nothofagus betuloides, southern beech†
  * Quercus robur, pedunculate oak†
  
  ### Celastrales
  
  * Maytenus magellanica, pickwood†
  
  ### Oxalidales
  
  * Oxalis enneaphylla, scurvygrass*
  
  ### Malpighiales
  
  **Elatinaceae**
  
  * Elatine triandra, waterwort*
  
  **Euphorbiaceae**
  
  * Euphorbia peplus, petty spurge†
  
  **Salicaceae**
  
  * Populus × canescens, grey poplar†
  * Salix cinerea, grey willow†
  * Salix gmelinii, Gmelin's willow†
  * Salix viminalis, osier†
  * Salix × rubra, green-leaved willow†
  
  **Violaceae**
  
  * Viola arvensis, field pansy†
  * Viola maculata, common violet*
  * Viola magellanica, Fuegian violet*
  * Viola tricolor, heartsease / wild pansy†
  * Viola tridentata, mountain violet*
  * Viola × wittrockiana, pansy†
  
  ### Geraniales
  
  * Erodium cicutarium, common storks-bill†
  * Geranium molle, dove's-foot crane's-bill†
  * Geranium pusillum, small-flowered crane's-bill†
  * Geranium robertianum, herb robert†
  
  ### Myrtales
  
  **Myrtaceae**
  
  * Eucalyptus gunnii, cider gum†
  * Myrteola nummularia, teaberry*
  
  **Onagraceae**
  
  * Epilobium ciliatum, American willowherb†
  * Epilobium obscurum, short-fruited willowherb†
  * Fuchsia 'Corallina', large-flowered fuchsia†
  * Fuchsia magellanica, fuchsia†
  
  ### Malvales
  
  * Sidalcea malviflora, Greek mallow†
  * Drapetes muscosus, drapetes*
  
  ### Brassicales
  
  * Armoracia rusticana, horseradish†
  * Brassica napus, swede†
  * Brassica oleracea, cabbage†
  * Brassica rapa, turnip†
  * Capsella bursa-pastoris, shepherd's-purse†
  * Cardamine glacialis, bitter-cress*
  * Cardamine hirsuta, hairy bitter-cress†
  * Cochlearia officinalis, English scurvygrass†
  * Draba funiculosa, whitlowgrass*
  * Draba magellanica, Fuegian whitlowgrass*
  * Erophila verna, introduced whitlowgrass†
  * Hesperis matronalis, dame's-violet†
  * Lepidium didymum, lesser swine-cress*
  * Nasturtium officinale, water-cress†
  * Phlebolobium maclovianum, Falkland rock-cress*
  
  ### Santalales
  
  * Nanodea muscosa, foxberry*
  
  ### Caryophyllales
  
  **Amaranthaceae**
  
  * Atriplex patula, common orache†
  * Atriplex prostrata, spear-leaved orache†
  * Chenopodium macrospermum, goosefoot*
  * Suaeda argentinensis, shrubby seablite*
  
  **Caryophyllaceae**
  
  * Cerastium arvense, field mouse-ear*
  * Cerastium fontanum, common mouse-ear†
  * Cerastium glomeratum, sticky mouse-ear†
  * Colobanthus quitensis, Andean pearlwort*
  * Colobanthus subulatus, emerald-bog*
  * Sagina filicaulis, annual pearlwort†
  * Sagina procumbens, procumbent pearlwort†
  * Silene latifolia, white campion†
  * Silene uniflora, bladder campion†
  * Spergula arvensis, corn spurrey†
  * Spergularia marina, lesser sea-spurrey*
  * Stellaria alsine, bog stitchwort†
  * Stellaria debilis,* stitchwort*
  * Stellaria graminea, lesser stitchwort†
  * Stellaria media, chickweed†
  
  **Droseraceae**
  
  * Drosera uniflora, sundew*
  
  **Montiaceae**
  
  * Calandrinia nitida,*
  * Claytonia perfoliata, spring beauty†
  * Montia fontana, blinks*
  
  **Plumbaginaceae**
  
  * Armeria maritima, thrift*
  
  **Polygonaceae**
  
  * Polygonum aviculare, knotgrass†
  * Polygonum maritimum, sea knotgrass*
  * Rheum × hybridum, rhubarb†
  * Rumex acetosa, sorrel†
  * Rumex acetosella subsp. acetosella, sheep's sorrel†
  * Rumex acetosella subsp. pyrenaicus, round-seeded sheep's sorrel†
  * Rumex crispus, curled dock†
  * Rumex hydrolapathum, water dock†
  * Rumex longifolius, northern dock†
  * Rumex magellanicus, southern dock*
  * Rumex obtusifolius, broad-leaved dock†
  
  ### Ericales
  
  **Ericaceae**
  
  * Calluna vulgaris, heather†
  * Empetrum rubrum, diddle-dee*
  * Gaultheria antarctica, Antarctic mountainberry*
  * Gaultheria antarctica × pumila, mountainberry hybrid*
  * Gaultheria pumila, mountainberry*
  
  **Primulaceae**
  
  * Anagallis alternifolia, pimpernel*
  * Primula magellanica, dusty miller*
  * Samolus repens, shore pimpernel*
  
  ### Gentianales
  
  **Gentianaceae**
  
  * Centaurium pulchellum, lesser centaury†
  * Gentianella magellanica, felwort*
  
  **Rubiaceae**
  
  * Galium antarcticum, Antarctic bedstraw*
  * Galium aparine, cleavers†
  * Galium saxatile, heath bedstraw†
  * Nertera granadensis, beadplant*
  
  ### Boraginaceae
  
  * Myosotis arvensis, field forget-me-not†
  * Myosotis discolor, changing forget-me-not†
  * Myosotis ramosissima, early forget-me-not†
  
  ### Solanales
  
  * Solanum tuberosum, potato†
  
  ### Lamiales
  
  **Calceolariaceae**
  
  * Calceolaria biflora, yellow lady's slipper*
  * Calceolaria fothergillii, lady's slipper*
  
  **Callitrichaceae**
  
  * Callitriche antarctica, water-starwort*
  
  **Lamiaceae**
  
  * Lamium amplexicaule, henbit dead-nettle†
  * Lamium hybridum, cut-leaved dead-nettle†
  * Lamium purpureum, red dead-nettle†
  * Mentha spicata, spearmint†
  * Mentha × piperita, peppermint†
  * Mentha × villosa, apple-mint†
  * Prunella vulgaris, selfheal†
  * Scutellaria nummulariifolia, skullcap*
  
  **Orobanchaceae**
  
  * Euphrasia antarctica, eyebright*
  * Euphrasia confusa, European eyebright†
  * Parentucellia viscosa, yellow bartsia†
  
  **Plantaginaceae**
  
  * Littorella australis, shoreweed*
  * Plantago barbata, thrift plantain*
  * Plantago coronopus, buck's-horn plantain†
  * Plantago lanceolata, ribwort plantain†
  * Plantago major, greater plantain†
  * Plantago maritima, sea plantain*
  * Plantago media, hoary plantain†
  * Plantago moorei, Moore's plantain*
  
  **Scrophulariaceae**
  
  * Limosella australis, southern mudwort*
  
  **Veronicaceae**
  
  * Digitalis purpurea, foxglove†
  * Veronica agrestis, green field speedwell†
  * Veronica arvensis, wall speedwell†
  * Veronica elliptica,* boxwood*
  * Veronica officinalis, heath speedwell†
  * Veronica serpyllifolia, thyme-leaved speedwell†
  * Veronica × franciscana, hybrid boxwood†
  
  ### Asterales
  
  **Asteraceae**
  
  * Abrotanella emarginata, notched moss-bog*
  * Achillea millefolium, yarrow†
  * Agoseris coronopifolium, Fuegian hawks-beard*
  * Anthemis punctata, Sicilian chamomile†
  * Baccharis magellanica, Christmas-bush*
  * Bellis perennis, daisy†
  * Chevreulia lycopodioides, clubmoss cudweed*
  * Chiliotrichum diffusum, fachine*
  * Cichorium intybus, chicory†
  * Cirsium arvense, creeping thistle†
  * Cirsium vulgare, spear thistle†
  * Crepis capillaris, smooth hawks-beard†
  * Erigeron incertus, hairy daisy*
  * Gamochaeta americana, American cudweed*
  * Gamochaeta antarctica, Antarctic cudweed*
  * Gamochaeta malvinensis, Falkland cudweed*
  * Gamochaeta spiciformis, spiked cudweed*
  * Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Jersey cudweed†
  * Hieracium antarcticum, Antarctic hawkweed*
  * Hieracium patagonicum, Patagonian hawkweed*
  * Hypochaeris arenaria, sand cat's-ear*
  * Hypochaeris radicata, common cat's-ear†
  * Lagenophora nudicaulis, dwarf daisy*
  * Leontodon hispidus, rough hawkbit†
  * Leptinella scariosa, buttonweed*
  * Leucanthemum vulgare, oxeye daisy†
  * Leucanthemum × superbum, Shasta daisy†
  * Leucheria suaveolens, vanilla daisy*
  * Matricaria discoidea, pineappleweed†
  * Nassauvia gaudichaudii, coastal nassauvia*
  * Nassauvia serpens, snakeplant*
  * Perezia recurvata, Falkland lavender*
  * Pilosella aurantiaca, orange hawkweed, fox-and-cubs†
  * Pilosella officinarum, mouse-ear-hawkweed†
  * Senecio candidans, sea cabbage*
  * Senecio falklandicus, woolly Falkland daisy*
  * Senecio jacobaea, European ragwort†
  * Senecio squalidus, Oxford ragwort†
  * Senecio sylvaticus, heath groundsel†
  * Senecio vaginatus, smooth Falkland daisy*
  * Senecio vulgaris, groundsel†
  * Sonchus asper, prickly sow-thistle†
  * Sonchus oleraceus, smooth sow-thistle†
  * Symphyotrichum vahlii, marsh daisy*
  * Tanacetum parthenium cv. 'Aureum', golden feverfew†
  * Tanacetum vulgare, tansy†
  * Taraxacum gilliesii, Gillie's dandelion*
  * Taraxacum officinale, dandelion†
  * Tripleurospermum maritimum, scentless mayweed†
  * Tussilago farfara, colt's foot†
  * Nastanthus falklandicus, false-plantain*
  
  **Calyceraceae**
  
  * Lobelia pratiana, berry-lobelia*
  
  ### Dipsacales
  
  **Caprifoliaceae**
  
  * Lonicera periclymenum, honeysuckle†
  * Sambucus nigra cv. 'Marginata', variegated elder†
  * Sambucus nigra f. laciniata, cut-leaved elder†
  * Sambucus nigra f. nigra, elder†
  
  **Valerianaceae**
  
  * Valeriana sedifolia, valerian-bog*
  * Valerianella locusta, lamb's lettuce†
  
  ### Apiales
  
  **Apiaceae**
  
  * Anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley†
  * Apium australe, wild celery*
  * Azorella filamentosa, wiry azorella*
  * Azorella lycopodioides, clubmoss azorella*
  * Azorella monantha, tufted azorella*
  * Azorella selago, cushion azorella*
  * Bolax gummifera, balsam-bog*
  * Conium maculatum, hemlock†
  * Heracleum sphondylium, hogweed†
  * Levisticum officinale, lovage†
  * Lilaeopsis macloviana, lilaeopsis*
  * Oreomyrrhis hookeri, Hooker's sweet cicely*
  * Schizeilema ranunculus, buttercup-parsley*
  
  **Araliaceae**
  
  * Hedera helix, ivy†
  
  **Hydrocotylaceae**
  
  * Hydrocotyle chamaemorus, marsh pennywort*
  
  ### Alismatales
  
  **Juncaginaceae**
  
  * Tetroncium magellanicum, arrowgrass*
  
  **Potamogetonaceae**
  
  * Potamogeton linguatus,* pondweed*
  
  **Ruppiaceae**
  
  * Ruppia filifolia, tasselweed*
  
  ### Liliales
  
  **Alstroemeriaceae**
  
  * Luzuriaga marginata, almond-flower*
  
  **Corsiaceae**
  
  * Arachnitis uniflora, spider-flower*
  
  ### Asparagales
  
  **Alliaceae**
  
  * Allium schoenoprasum, chives†
  * Allium triquetrum, three-cornered garlic†
  * Narcissus pseudonarcissus, daffodil – Alliaceae
  * Narcissus sp., daffodil†
  
  **Asparagaceae**
  
  * Hyacinthoides non-scripta, English bluebell†
  * Hyacinthoides × massartiana, hybrid bluebell†
  
  **Asteliaceae**
  
  * Astelia pumila, soft-camp-bog*
  * Olsynium filifolium, pale maiden*
  
  **Iridaceae**
  
  * Sisyrinchium chilense, yellow maiden*
  
  **Orchidaceae**
  
  * Chloraea fonkii, Gaudichaud's orchid*
  * Codonorchis lessonii, dog orchid*
  * Gavilea australis, pale yellow orchid*
  * Gavilea littoralis, yellow orchid*
  
  **Xanthorrhoeaceae**
  
  * Phormium tenax, New Zealand flax†
  
  ### Poales
  
  **Centrolepidaceae**
  
  * Gaimardia australis, gaimardia*
  
  **Cyperaceae**
  
  * Carex acaulis, small dusky sedge*
  * Carex aematorrhyncha, blood-beak sedge*
  * Carex banksii, Banks' sedge*
  * Carex caduca, caducous sedge*
  * Carex canescens, white sedge*
  * Carex decidua, creek sedge*
  * Carex flacca, glaucous sedge†
  * Carex fuscula, dusky sedge*
  * Carex macloviana, Falkland sedge*
  * Carex magellanica, fuegian sedge*
  * Carex microglochin, bristle sedge*
  * Carex sagei, Sage's sedge*
  * Carex trifida, sword-grass*
  * Carex vallis-pulchrae, marsh sedge*
  * Eleocharis melanostachys, spike-rush*
  * Isolepis cernua, nodding club-rush*
  * Oreobolus obtusangulus, oreob / prickly-bog*
  * Schoenoplectus californicus, California club-rush*
  * Uncinia kingii, king's hook-sedge*
  * Uncinia macloviana, hook-sedge*
  
  **Juncaceae**
  
  * Juncus articulatus, jointed rush†
  * Juncus bufonius, toad rush†
  * Juncus effusus, soft rush†
  * Juncus scheuchzerioides,* rush*
  * Luzula alopecurus,* wood-rush*
  * Luzula campestris, field wood-rush†
  * Luzula multiflora subsp. congesta, dense-headed heath wood-rush†
  * Luzula multiflora subsp. multiflora, heath wood-rush†
  * Marsippospermum grandiflorum, tall rush*
  * Rostkovia magellanica, short rush / brown rush*
  
  **Poaceae**
  
  * Agrostis capillaris, common bent†
  * Agrostis magellanica, Fuegian bent*
  * Agrostis meyenii, Meyen's bent*
  * Agrostis stolonifera, creeping bent†
  * Aira caryophyllea, silver hair-grass†
  * Aira praecox, early hair-grass†
  * Alopecurus geniculatus, marsh foxtail†
  * Alopecurus magellanicus, Fuegian foxtail*
  * Ammophila arenaria, marram†
  * Anthoxanthum odoratum, sweet vernal-grass†
  * Arrhenatherum elatius, false oat-grass†
  * Avena sativa, oat†
  * Bromus catharticus, rescue brome†
  * Bromus condensatus, upright brome†
  * Bromus hordeaceus, soft brome†
  * Bromus sterilis, barren brome†
  * Cortaderia pilosa, whitegrass*
  * Cynosurus cristatus, crested dog's-tail†
  * Dactylis glomerata, cock's-foot†
  * Deschampsia antarctica, Antarctic hair-grass*
  * Deschampsia flexuosa, wavy hair-grass*
  * Deschampsia parvula, dwarf hair-grass*
  * Elymus farctus, sand couch†
  * Elymus magellanicus, Fuegian couch*
  * Elymus repens, common couch†
  * Festuca contracta, land-tussac*
  * Festuca filiformis, fine-leaved sheep's fescue – Poaceae
  * Festuca magellanica, Fuegian fescue*
  * Festuca ovina, sheep's fescue – Poaceae
  * Festuca pratensis, meadow fescue†
  * Festuca rubra, red fescue†
  * Hierochloe redolens, cinnamon-grass*
  * Holcus lanatus, Yorkshire fog†
  * Hordeum comosum, hairy barley†
  * Hordeum jubatum, foxtail barley†
  * Hordeum murinum, wall barley†
  * Koeleria permollis, Berg's hair-grass*
  * Leymus arenarius, lyme-grass†
  * Lolium multiflorum, Italian rye-grass – Poaceae
  * Lolium perenne, perennial rye-grass†
  * Phalaris arundinacea var. arundinacea, reed canary-grass†
  * Phalaris arundinacea var. picta, gardeners-garters†
  * Phleum pratense, timothy†
  * Poa alopecurus, bluegrass*
  * Poa annua, annual meadow-grass†
  * Poa flabellata, tussac / tussac-grass*
  * Poa pratensis, smooth-stalked meadow-grass†
  * Poa robusta, shore meadow-grass*
  * Poa trivialis, rough-stalked meadow-grass†
  * Puccinellia pusilla, dwarf saltmarsh-grass*
  * Stipa neaei, feathergrass†
  * Trisetum phleoides, spiked oat-grass*
  * Trisetum spicatum, spike trisetum†
  * Triticum aestivum, wheat†
  * Vulpia bromoides, squirreltail fescue†
  