title: Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
text: # Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Paralympics
  
  Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Paralympics consisted of 39 events, 24 for men and 15 for women.
  
  For the first and only time the classification Intellectual disability (ID) was included in cross-country skiing events at the Paralympic Games.
  
  ## Medal table
  
  | Rank | Nation | | | | Total |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1 | Russia (RUS) | 11 | 8 | 7 | 26 |
  | 2 | Norway (NOR) | 9 | 5 | 7 | 21 |
  | 3 | Finland (FIN) | 7 | 5 | 5 | 17 |
  | 4 | Germany (GER) | 3 | 10 | 5 | 18 |
  | 5 | France (FRA) | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
  | 5 | Ukraine (UKR) | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
  | 7 | Austria (AUT) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
  | 8 | Switzerland (SUI) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
  | 9 | Denmark (DEN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
  | 10 | Canada (CAN) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
  | 10 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
  | 12 | Japan (JPN) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
  | 13 | Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
  | 14 | Poland (POL) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
  | 14 | United States (USA) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
  | 16 | Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
  | Total | Total | 39 | 39 | 40 | 118 |
  
  ## Medal summary
  
  The competition events were:
  
  * 2.5 km: - women
  * 5 km: men - women
  * 10 km: men - women
  * 15 km: men
  * 20 km: men
  * 3x2.5 km relay: men - women
  * 4x5 km relay: men
  
  Each event had separate standing, sitting, or visually impaired classifications:
  
  * LW2 - standing: single leg amputation above the knee
  * LW3 - standing: double leg amputation below the knee, mild cerebral palsy, or equivalent impairment
  * LW4 - standing: single leg amputation below the knee
  * LW5/7 - standing: double arm amputation
  * LW6/8 - standing: single arm amputation
  * LW9 - standing: amputation or equivalent impairment of one arm and one leg
  * LW 10 - sitting: paraplegia with no or some upper abdominal function and no functional sitting balance
  * LW 11 - sitting: paraplegia with fair functional sitting balance
  * LW 12 - sitting: double leg amputation above the knees, or paraplegia with some leg function and good sitting balance
  * B1 - visually impaired: no functional vision
  * B2 - visually impaired: up to ca 3-5% functional vision
  * B3 - visually impaired: under 10% functional vision
  * ID - intellectual disability
  
  ### Men's events
  
  | Event | Class | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
  | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 5 km classical technique | B1 details | Valeri Kouptchinski guide: Viatcheslav Doubov Russia | Magne Lunde guide: Roar Lunde Norway | Helge Flo guide: Paal Sneve Norway |
  | 5 km classical technique | B2 details | Frank Hoefle guide: Ulrich Zipfel Germany | Irek Mannanov guide: Salavat Goumerov Russia | Torbjoern Ek guide: Christer Wennergrund Sweden |
  | 5 km classical technique | B3 details | Alexandre Nassarouline guide: Alexei Kopytine Russia | Alexander Schwarz guide: Ralf Rombach Germany | Grigori Klimov guide: Nikolai Kireitcmev Russia |
  | 5 km classical technique | ID details | Pedro Kardash Ukraine | Satoru Abiko Japan | Iuri Isaev Russia |
  | 5 km classical technique | LW3/4/9 details | Andre Favre France | Kjartan Haugen Norway | Kalervo Pieksaemaeki Finland |
  | 5 km classical technique | LW5/7,6/8 details | Sten Oluf Horn Norway | Thomas Oelsner Germany | Axel Hecker Germany |
  | 5 km sitski | LW10 details | Sergej Shilov Russia | Alexander Brunet France | Klaus Kleiser Germany |
  | 5 km sitski | LW11 details | Ruedi Weber Switzerland | Oliver Anthofer Austria | Karl Einar Henriksen Norway |
  | 5 km sitski | LW12 details | Kari Joki-Erkkila Finland | Michael Weymann Germany | Teuvo Ojala Finland |
  | 10 km sitski | LW10 details | Alexander Brunet France | Mikhail Terentiev Russia | Heinz Frei Switzerland |
  | 10 km sitski | LW11 details | Karl Einar Henriksen Norway | Roland Ruepp Italy | Ruedi Weber Switzerland |
  | 10 km sitski | LW12 details | Kari Joki-Erkkila Finland | Michael Weymann Germany | Robert Balk United States |
  | 10 km sitski | LW12 details | Kari Joki-Erkkila Finland | Michael Weymann Germany | Teuvo Ojala Finland |
  | 15 km free technique | B1 details | Valeri Kouptchinski guide: Russia | Wilhelm Brem guide: Germany | Oleh Munts guide: Russia |
  | 15 km free technique | B2 details | Irek Mannanov guide: Russia | Frank Hoefle guide: Germany | Nikolai Ilioutchenko guide: Russia |
  | 15 km free technique | B3 details | Alexandre Nassarouline guide: Russia | Alexander Schwarz guide: Germany | Elie Zampin guide: France |
  | 15 km free technique | ID details | Pedro Kardash Ukraine | Iuri Isaev Russia | Louri Semiannikov Russia |
  | 15 km free technique | LW2/3/4/9 details | Andre Favre France | Kalervo Pieksaemaeki Finland | Wolfgang Mahler Germany |
  | 15 km free technique | LW5/7,6/8 details | Thomas Oelsner Germany | Andreas Hustveit Norway | Emmanuel Lacroix France |
  | 15 km sitski | LW10-12 details | Karl Einar Henriksen Norway | Mikhail Terentiev Russia | Heinz Frei Switzerland |
  | 20 km classical technique | B1-3 details | Valeri Kouptchinski guide: Viatcheslav Doubov Russia | Irek Mannanov guide: Salavat Goumerov Russia | Frank Hoefle guide: Ulrich Zipfel Germany |
  | 20 km classical technique | ID details | Pedro Kardash Ukraine | Iuri Isaev Russia | Hiroki Shinohara Japan |
  | 20 km classical technique | LW2-9 details | Sten Oluf Horn Norway | Kalervo Pieksaemaeki Finland | Michael Crenshaw United States |
  | 3×2.5 km relay | LW10-12 details | Germany (GER) Klaus Kleiser Michael Weymann Bruno Zimmermann | Switzerland (SUI) Franco Belletti Ruedi Weber Walter Widmer | France (FRA) Omar Bouyoucef Alexander Brunet Didier Riedlinger |
  | 4×5 km relay | standing/ blind details | Russia (RUS) Valeri Kouptchinski Irek Mannanov Oleh Munts Alexandre Nassarouline | Germany (GER) Wilhelm Brem Frank Hoefle Wolfgang Mahler Thomas Oelsner | Norway (NOR) Kjartan Haugen Sten Oluf Horn Andreas Hustveit Magne Lunde |
  
  ### Women's events
  
  | Event | Class | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
  | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 2.5 km sitski | LW10-12 details | Ragnhild Myklebust Norway | Colette Bourgonje Canada | Svitlana Tryfonova Ukraine |
  | 5 km classical technique | B1 details | Elisabeth Maxwald guide: Florian Stoger Austria | Verena Bentele guide: Ralph Schmidt Germany | Lioubov Paninykh guide: Alexander Pridtchin Russia |
  | 5 km classical technique | B2-3 details | Kaija Tuikkanen guide: Hannu Aaltonen Finland | Sisko Kiiski guide: Tuomas Toerroenen Finland | Jaana Argillander guide: Arto Kaukonen Finland |
  | 5 km classical technique | ID details | Natalia Smirnova Russia | Olga Kravchuk Ukraine | Natalia Lugakova Russia |
  | 5 km classical technique | LW2-9 details | Tanja Kari Finland | Anne Helene Barlund Norway | Siw Vestengen Norway |
  | 5 km free technique | B1 details | Anne-Mette Bredahl guide: Denmark | Verena Bentele guide: Germany | Elisabeth Maxwald guide: Austria |
  | 5 km free technique | B2-3 details | Tone Gravvold guide: Norway | Kaija Tuikkanen guide: Finland | Sisko Kiiski guide: Finland |
  | 5 km free technique | ID details | Natalia Smirnova Russia | Natalia Lugakova Russia | Danuta Poznanska Poland |
  | 5 km free technique | LW2-9 details | Tanja Kari Finland | Marjorie van de Bunt Netherlands | Anne Helene Barlund Norway |
  | 5 km sitski | LW10-12 details | Ragnhild Myklebust Norway | Colette Bourgonje Canada | Olena Akopyan Ukraine |
  | 10 km sitski | LW10-12 details | Ragnhild Myklebust Norway | Dorothea Agetle Italy | Tamara Kulynych Ukraine |
  | 15 km classical technique | B1-3 details | Sisko Kiiski guide: Tuomas Toerroenen Finland | Kaija Tuikkanen guide: Hannu Aaltonen Finland | Tone Gravvold guide: Frode Nilssen Norway |
  | 15 km classical technique | ID details | Natalia Smirnova Russia | Natalia Lugakova Russia | Danuta Poznanska Poland |
  | 15 km classical technique | LW2-9 details | Tanja Kari Finland | Anne Helene Barlund Norway | Siw Vestengen Norway |
  | 3×2.5 km relay | open details | Norway (NOR) Anne Helene Barlund Tone Gravvold Ragnhild Myklebust | Austria (AUT) Gabriele Berghofer Renata Hoenisch Elisabeth Maxwald | Germany (GER) Verena Bentele Susanne Ischinger Susanne Wohlmacher |
  