title: Kausia
text: # Kausia
  
  The kausia or causia (Ancient Greek: καυσία) was an ancient Macedonian flat hat. A purple causia was worn by the Macedonian kings as part of the royal costume.
  
  ## Name
  
  The name is derived from its keeping off the heat (καῦσις).
  
  ## Background
  
  It was worn during the Hellenistic period but perhaps even before the time of Alexander the Great and was later used as a protection against the sun by the poorer classes in Rome.
  
  Depictions of the kausia can be found on a variety of coins and statues found from the Mediterranean to the Greco-Bactrian kingdom and the Indo-Greeks in northwestern Indus. The Persians referred to both the Macedonians and the rest of the Greeks as "Yauna" (Ionians), but made a distinction between "Yauna by the sea" and those "with hats that look like shields" (yauna takabara), probably referring to the Macedonian kausia hat. According to Bonnie Kingsley the kausia may have came to the Mediterranean as a campaign hat worn by Alexander and veterans of his campaigns in the Indus but according to Ernst Fredricksmeyer the kausia was too established a staple of the Macedonian wardrobe for it to have been imported from Asia to Macedonia.
  
  A modern descendant of the hat may be the Pakol: the familiar and remarkably similar men's hat from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Jammu and Kashmir.
  
  ## Gallery
  
  * Ancient Macedonian soldiers, from the tomb of Agios Athanasios (Greece) wearing the causia (grave of Agios Athanasios, IV BC, before the invasion of the Indus by Alexander the Great.
  * Indo-Greek king Antialcidas wearing the kausia. Japan Currency Museum.
  