title: Indians in Pakistan
text: # Indians in Pakistan
  
  Indians in Pakistan typically refers to Indian nationals working, studying or generally residing in Pakistan as expatriates. It also includes Indian emigrants to Pakistan, Indian spouses married to Pakistanis and Muhajirs
  
  ## History
  
  There has been a history of immigration occurring between India and Pakistan due to the two countries sharing a common border. Between 1979 and 1981, there were estimated to be roughly 18,302 Indians who were overstaying illegally in Pakistan. According to Pakistani government figures in 1995, there were believed to be thousands of Indian immigrants living in Karachi, Sindh.
  
  In 2005, the Indian government acknowledged that there were 1,348 Indians in Pakistani jails, including civilians, captured fishermen, convicted criminals and prisoners of war. India has alleged that Dawood Ibrahim, a prominent Indian underworld don, resides in the Pakistani city of Karachi, although this claim has been rejected by Pakistan. Former President of Pakistan, Pervez Musharraf, stated that Ibrahim is "held in 'high esteem' by many in [Pakistan]". In 2008, the Indian foreign ministry advised its citizens to avoid travel to Pakistan after a series of mass-suicide bombings in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. As of 2013, there were 1,184 Indians serving prison sentences in Pakistani jails.
  
  ## Notable individuals
  
  * Kashmir Singh – Indian spy captured while operating in Pakistan (imprisoned 1973–2008)
  * Kulbhushan Jadhav – Ex Indian Navy officer captured near the Iran–Pakistan border; alleged to be involved in espionage and terrorism in Balochistan, Pakistan
  * Lakhbir Singh Rode – Indian national and Sikh terrorist, member of the Khalistan Zindabad Force, living in Lahore, Pakistan
  * Parminder Singh Saini – Indian national and Sikh Khalistani terrorist operating in Canada; sentenced to death in Pakistan (later commuted to 10 years)
  * Sarabjit Singh – Indian national convicted for terrorist activity and espionage in Pakistan (d. 2013)
  