title: Nitromethane (data page)
text: # Nitromethane (data page)
  
  This page provides supplementary chemical data on nitromethane.
  
  ## Material Safety Data Sheet
  
  The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. MSDS is available from Mallinckrodt Baker.
  
  ## Structure and properties
  
  Structure and properties :
  
  | Index of refraction, $n_D$ | 1.3817 at 20 °C |
  | - | - |
  | Abbe number | ? |
  | Dielectric constant, $ε_r$ | 37.27 $ε_0$ at 20 °C |
  | Bond strength | ? |
  | Bond length | ? |
  | Bond angle | ? |
  | Magnetic susceptibility | $−21.0·10^{−6}$ $cm^3/mol$ |
  | Surface tension | 39.04 dyn/cm at 10 °C 36.53 dyn/cm at 25 °C 32.33 dyn/cm at 50 °C |
  | Viscosity | 0.63 cP at 25 °C |
  
  ## Thermodynamic properties
  
  Phase behavior :
  
  | Triple point | 244.77 K (−23.38 °C), ? Pa |
  | - | - |
  | Critical point | 588 K (315 °C), 5870 kPa |
  | Std enthalpy change of fusion, $Δ_{fus}H^o$ | 9.7 kJ/mol |
  | Std entropy change of fusion, $Δ_{fus}S^o$ | 39.6 J/(mol·K) |
  | Std enthalpy change of vaporization, $Δ_{vap}H^o$ | 38.3 kJ/mol |
  | Std entropy change of vaporization, $Δ_{vap}S^o$ | 128.36 J/(mol·K) |
  | Solid properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{solid}$ | ? kJ/mol |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{solid}$ | ? J/(mol K) |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | ? J/(mol K) |
  | Liquid properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{liquid}$ | −112. kJ/mol |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{liquid}$ | 171.9 J/(mol·K) |
  | Enthalpy of combustion, $Δ_cH^o_{liquid}$ | −709 kJ/mol |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | 106.6 J/(mol·K) |
  | Gas properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{gas}$ | −80.8 kJ/mol |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{gas}$ | 282.9 J/(mol·K) |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | 55.5 J/(mol·K) at 25 °C |
  
  ## Vapor pressure of liquid
  
  | P in mm Hg | P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | T in °C | T in °C | −29.0 | 2.8 | 27.5 | 46.6 | 82.0 | 101.2 |
  
  Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.
  
  ## Distillation data
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Nitromethane/Ethanol P = 730 mm Hg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole ethanol | % by mole ethanol |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 97.7 | 3.0 | 15.7 |
  | 93.4 | 4.7 | 22.3 |
  | 88.9 | 8.5 | 32.9 |
  | 86.1 | 12.2 | 39.5 |
  | 83.6 | 16.6 | 45.3 |
  | 80.6 | 25.6 | 52.9 |
  | 79.2 | 31.8 | 56.3 |
  | 77.9 | 45.1 | 63.5 |
  | 77.0 | 53.9 | 66.9 |
  | 77.1 | 58.9 | 68.6 |
  | 76.5 | 64.6 | 70.5 |
  | 76.4 | 72.4 | 74.0 |
  | 76.6 | 78.7 | 77.3 |
  | 76.5 | 81.9 | 79.4 |
  | 76.7 | 85.9 | 82.2 |
  | 76.9 | 91.4 | 87.1 |
  | 77.7 | 95.3 | 93.0 |
  | 77.8 | 97.3 | 96.5 |
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Nitromethane/Methanol P = 730 mm Hg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole methanol | % by mole methanol |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 96.9 | 1.5 | 13.3 |
  | 93.1 | 2.6 | 22.8 |
  | 89.1 | 4.8 | 33.4 |
  | 84.8 | 7.5 | 42.9 |
  | 82.1 | 9.6 | 48.4 |
  | 77.9 | 15.2 | 57.0 |
  | 72.9 | 25.4 | 67.3 |
  | 71.1 | 31.4 | 70.4 |
  | 68.2 | 42.6 | 74.7 |
  | 67.3 | 49.3 | 76.1 |
  | 65.6 | 67.8 | 81.8 |
  | 65.1 | 74.7 | 83.8 |
  | 65.0 | 81.3 | 86.4 |
  | 64.6 | 88.6 | 90.1 |
  | 64.5 | 91.4 | 92.1 |
  | 64.4 | 96.0 | 95.6 |
  | 64.5 | 99.4 | 99.3 |
  
  ## Spectral data
  
  UV-Vis :
  
  | $λ_{max}$ | ? nm |
  | - | - |
  | Extinction coefficient, ε | ? |
  | IR ||
  | Major absorption bands | ? $cm^{−1}$ |
  | NMR ||
  | Proton NMR | |
  | Carbon-13 NMR | |
  | Other NMR data | |
  | MS ||
  | Masses of main fragments | |
  
  * view
  * Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
  * Reliability of data general note.
  