title: Timeline of Buenos Aires
text: # Timeline of Buenos Aires
  
  This is a timeline of the history of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  
  ## Prior to 19th century
  
  * 1536 – First foundation of the city by Pedro de Mendoza.
  * 1542 – City attacked by indigenous people and settlers abandon it, moving to Asunción.
  * 1580 – Second foundation of the city around fort built by Juan de Garay.
  * 1591 – Dominican monastery established.
  * 1604 – San Francisco monastery established.
  * 1611 – Men's Hospital founded.
  * 1620 – Town becomes capital of Buenos Aires Province.
  * 1671 – Cathedral inaugurated.
  * 1711 – Cabildo built.
  * 1716 – Granted the royal motto Most Noble and Loyal ("Muy Noble y muy Leal")
  * 1720 – Recoleta church built.
  * 1722 – Completion of Saint Ignatius Church
  * 1727 – San Miguel church founded.
  * 1743 – Women's Hospital established.
  * 1744 – Las Monjas convent founded.
  * 1749 – San Juan convent established.
  * 1752 – Cathedral built.
  * 1755 – Female Orphan School established.
  * 1763 – Anglo-Portuguese invasion, part of the Seven Years' War, repelled by Viceroy Cevallos.
  * 1768 – Merced church built.
  * 1776 – City becomes capital of Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
  * 1778 – "Free trade regulations" in effect.
  * 1779 – Foundling Asylum established.
  * 1794 – Consulado (merchant guild) established.
  
  ## 19th century
  
  ### 1800s-1840s
  
  * 1801 - Telégrafo Mercantil newspaper begins publication.
  * 1806 - British briefly in power.
  * 1810
     * 18–25 May: May Revolution.
     * State Library established.
  * 1811 – Pirámide de Mayo monument built on the Plaza de Mayo.
  * 1815 – Academy of Jurisprudence founded.
  * 1821 – University of Buenos Aires founded.
  * 1822
     * Academy of Music founded.
     * Street names changed.
     * Northern Cemetery established.
  * 1823 – Museum of Buenos Ayres, Sociedad de Beneficencia, and Philharmonic Association founded.
  * 1829 – British Library established (approximate date).
  * 1832 – English Cemetery established.
  * 1833 – Victoria Theatre built.
  * 1838
     * 28 March: French blockade of the Río de la Plata begins.
     * Scotch Church built.
  * 1840 – French blockade of the Río de la Plata ends.
  * 1841 – Foreign Club established.
  * 1845 – Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata begins.
  * 1847 – Lutheran Church built.
  
  ### 1850s–1890s
  
  * 1850 – Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata ends.
  * 1852
     * Board of Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Club del Progreso founded.
     * Yellow fever epidemic.
  * 1853
     * City becomes capital of State of Buenos Aires.
     * Germania club founded.
  * 1854 – Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, Society of Natural History of the Plate, and Gymnastic Club founded.
  * 1855 – Custom house built.
  * 1856
     * Mercado del Plata [es] built.
     * Irish Convent of Sisters of Mercy established.
  * 1857
     * Teatro Colón opens.
     * Deaf and Dumb Institute founded.
     * Buenos Aires Western Railway inaugurated.
  * 1858
     * Café Tortoni in business.
     * Poor Asylum, School of Catedral al Sur, and Maua Bank established.
     * School of medicine built.
     * Yellow fever epidemic.
  * 1859 – British Hospital and Convalecencia built.
  * 1860
     * Plaza del Retiro laid out.
     * Catedral al Norte (school) and Club del Plata founded.
     * Santa Catalina church built.
  * 1861
     * City becomes part of Argentine Confederation again.
     * Plaza del Parque public garden laid out.
     * Teutonia club founded.
     * Mercado del Comercio and Episcopal palace built.
  * 1862
     * Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway opened.
     * Plaza Libertad laid out.
     * Archbishop's Palace built.
     * French Hospital and Irish Hospital established.
  * 1863
     * Congress-hall and Italian Hospital built.
     * London and River Plate Bank established.
     * Tram service starts.
  * 1864
     * Franco Argentine Theatre in business.
     * Lorea market, German Singing Academy, and Concordia club established.
     * Buenos Aires Cricket & Rugby Club opened.
  * 1865
     * Constitución railway station opens.
     * Coliseum concert-hall built.
     * Kranken-verein and Heimath club founded.
  * 1866 – Archepiscopal see and Mercado de Independencia established.
  * 1867
     * Cholera epidemic.
     * German Hospital Society, Mercado del Norte, and Thalia club founded.
  * 1868
     * Congregación Israelita Argentina founded.
     * Sanitary Institute opens.
  * 1869
     * La Prensa newspaper begins publication.
     * Population: 177,767.
  * 1870 – Yellow fever epidemic.
  * 1871
     * Yellow fever epidemic.
     * City fire department established.
  * 1873 – A la Ciudad de Londres department store in business.
  * 1875 – Parque Tres de Febrero inaugurated.
  * 1876 – Sociedad Estímulo de Bellas Artes (art society) and Buenos Aires Orchestral Society organized.
  * 1877
     * National Penitentiary inaugurated.
     * Café de Hansen [es] in business.
  * 1879
     * Teatro Politeama (Buenos Aires) [es] (theatre) opens.
     * Rivadavia Library founded.
  * 1880 - City separated from Buenos Aires Province; Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires [es] established.
  * 1882
     * Once railway station opens.
     * National Theatre built.
     * South American Continental Exhibition held.
  * 1887
     * Belgrano and Flores become part of city.
     * Constitución railway station rebuilt.
  * 1888
     * Buenos Aires Zoo established.
     * Pizzurno Palace built.
  * 1890 - National Historical Museum opens.
  * 1891 – Rivera Indarte Theatre opens.
  * 1893 – Buenos Aires City Hall built.
  * 1894
     * Palacio de Aguas Corrientes built.
     * Musical Mutual Society organized.
  * 1895
     * Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes opens.
     * Population: 663,854.
  * 1897 – Puerto Madero constructed.
  * 1898
     * Buenos Aires Botanical Garden inaugurated.
     * Casa Rosada re-built.
  
  ## 20th century
  
  ### 1900s–1940s
  
  * 1901 – Club Atlético River Plate formed.
  * 1904
     * Monument to Giuseppe Garibaldi inaugurated.
     * Population: 950,891.
  * 1905
     * Club Atlético Boca Juniors formed.
     * Population: 1,025,653.
  * 1906 – Congress hall built.
  * 1908 – Avenida Theatre opens.
  * 1909 – San Martín Palace built.
  * 1910
     * Exposición Internacional del Centenario held.
     * Customs House, Palace of Justice, and Congressional Plaza inaugurated.
  * 1911 – Hotel de Inmigrantes built.
  * 1912 – Cine Atlas Belgrano opens.
  * 1913
     * Buenos Aires Underground begins operating.
     * Diario Crítica [es] newspaper begins publication.
  * 1914
     * Harrods Buenos Aires in business.
     * Population: 1,575,814.
  * 1915 – Retiro railway station opens.
  * 1916 – Buenos Aires Stock Exchange built.
  * 1917 – Confitería El Molino in business.
  * 1919
     * January: Tragic Week conflict.
     * Teatro Gran Splendid opens.
  * 1921 – Cervantes Theatre opens.
  * 1922 – Cine Catalunya opens.
  * 1923 – Palacio Barolo built.
  * 1925 – Puerto Nuevo opens.
  * 1936
     * Kavanagh Building constructed.
     * Maldonado Stream tubed (approximate date).
     * Obelisco built.
  * 1937 – Teatro Gran Rex opens.
  * 1938 – Estadio Monumental opens.
  * 1945 – 17 October: Labor demonstration.
  * 1946 – Buenos Aires Philharmonic founded.
  * 1947 – Population: 2,981,043 city; 4,603,035 urban agglomeration.
  * 1948
     * Aeroparque Jorge Newbery opens.
     * Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway & Buenos Aires Western Railway closed.
  * 1949 – Ministro Pistarini International Airport built.
  
  ### 1950s–1990s
  
  * 1950 – Alas Building constructed.
  * 1955
     * 16 June: Bombing of Plaza de Mayo.
     * Revolución Libertadora.
  * 1957 – Federico Lacroze railway station opens.
  * 1958 – Justo José de Urquiza monument [es] inaugurated.
  * 1962 – 11 June: Villa Soldati level crossing train accident.
  * 1967 – Buenos Aires Japanese Gardens open.
  * 1968 – Galileo Galilei planetarium opens.
  * 1971 – Florida Street pedestrianized.
  * 1972 – Bombing of Sheraton Hotel.
  * 1973 – 20 June: Peronist shooting near Ezeiza Airport.
  * 1974 – Population: 2,976,000 city; 8,925,000 urban agglomeration.
  * 1975
     * Buenos Aires International Book Fair begins.
     * Bombing of theatre.
  * 1976
     * 24 March: Coup d'état.
     * 2 April: Osvaldo Cacciatore becomes mayor.
  * 1977 – 30 April: Demonstrations by Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo begin.
  * 1978 – Argentine Council for International Relations founded.
  * 1979
     * 11 December: 1979 Copa América football tournament held.
     * Caseros Prison built.
  * 1980 – Centro Cultural Recoleta inaugurated.
  * 1982 – June: Catholic Pope John Paul II visits city.
  * 1987
     * April: Catholic Pope John Paul II visits city.
     * 12 July: 1987 Copa América Final football tournament held.
  * 1988 – Patio Bullrich shopping centre opens.
  * 1991
     * Galerías Pacífico shopping centre opens.
     * Population: 2,960,976 city; 10,686,163 urban agglomeration.
  * 1992
     * 17 March: Bombing of Israeli embassy.
     * National Library building inaugurated.
  * 1994 – 18 July: Bombing of Argentine Israelite Mutual Association building.
  * 1996
     * Autonomous City of Buenos Aires [es] established per 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution.
     * 30 June: Mayoral election takes place.
  * 1999
     * Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema begins.
     * Abasto de Buenos Aires shopping mall opens.
  * 2000
     * King Fahd Islamic Cultural Center inaugurated.
     * El Ateneo Grand Splendid bookshop in business.
     * Aníbal Ibarra becomes Chief of Government of city.
  
  ## 21st century
  
  ### 2000s
  
  * 2001
     * Latin American Art Museum of Buenos Aires inaugurated.
     * Buenos Aires Fashion Week and Creamfields BA music festival begin.
     * Eloísa Cartonera founded.
     * December: Economic protest.
  * 2002
     * June: Economic protest.
     * Quilmes Rock music festival and Buenos Aires Jazz Festival begin.
  * 2004 – 30 December: República Cromañón nightclub fire.
  * 2005
     * Appetite (art gallery) opens.
     * El Faro Towers built.
  * 2006 – March: Aníbal Ibarra deposed; Jorge Telerman becomes Chief of Government of city.
  * 2007 – Mauricio Macri becomes Chief of Government of city.
  * 2008
     * Fortabat Art Collection opens.
     * Repsol-YPF Tower built.
  * 2009 – Le Parc Figueroa Alcorta and Mulieris Towers built.
  
  ### 2010s
  
  * 2010
     * Municipal bicycle sharing program established.
     * Metropolitan Police department established.
     * Population: 2,891,082.
  * 2011
     * 24 July: 2011 Copa América Final football tournament held.
     * Metrobus begins operating.
     * City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
  * 2012
     * 22 February: Train crash.
     * 4 April: F2 2012 Buenos Aires tornado [es]
  * 2013
     * Jorge Mario Cardinal Bergoglio, Cardinal, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, is elected as Pope Francis, succeeding the retired Pope Benedict XVI
     * April: Flooding.
     * Computer Museum of Argentina [es] opens.
  * 2015
     * 3 June: The feminist movement Ni una menos organizes its first massive demonstrations against gender-based violence, popularising the campaign throughout Argentina and several Latin American countries.
  * 2016
     * Population: 13,879,707 (urban agglomeration).
  * 2017
     * Alvear Tower completed as the tallest building in Argentina.
  
  ### 2020s
  
  * 2023
     * A specialized exhibition recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions will be held.
  