title: String Quartet No. 3 (Tchaikovsky)
text: # String Quartet No. 3 (Tchaikovsky)
  
  The String Quartet No. 3 in E♭ minor, Op. 30, by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, was composed in 1876, and is the last of his three string quartets. It was written as a memorial for Ferdinand Laub. (The date upon the manuscript is early February 1876.)
  
  The quartet was performed for the first time at a party at Nikolai Rubinstein's apartment on March 2, 1876. The first public performance was at a concert on 30 March (new style/March 18 (old style), the performers being: Jan Hřímalý and Adolph Brodsky, violins; Yuly Gerber, viola; and Wilhelm Fitzenhagen, cello.
  
  Once, while Tchaikovsky was staying with some friends, they surprised him by bringing in a string quartet who performed this quartet for him. When they finished playing, Tchaikovsky remarked, "At first I didn't much like the Finale, but now I see that it is quite good."
  
  Recently, it was featured in the downloadable content Left Behind for the 2013 video game The Last of Us.
  
  ## Structure
  
  The work is in four movements and is approximately 37 minutes long.
  
  * Andante sostenuto (E♭ minor, $^6$ $_8)$ – Allegro moderato (E♭ minor, $^3$ $_4)$
  * Allegretto vivo e scherzando (B♭ major, $^2$ $_4)$
  * Andante funebre e doloroso, ma con moto (E♭ minor, $^4$ $_4)$
  * Finale: Allegro non troppo e risoluto (E♭ major, $^2$ $_4)$
  
  The Andante funebre was originally intended to be the second movement, with the Allegretto vivo e scherzando as the third, but Tchaikovsky later decided to switch them.
  
  