title: Timeline of Düsseldorf
text: # Timeline of Düsseldorf
  
  The following is a timeline of the history of Düsseldorf, Germany.
  
  ## Prior to 19th century
  
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  * 1186 – Counts of Berg in power.
  * 1285 – St. Sebastianus Bruderschaft Kaiserswerth (militia) formed.
  * 1288 – Town privileges granted by Adolf VIII of Berg.
  * 1316 – St.-Sebastianus-Schützenvereins Düsseldorf (militia) established.
  * 1385 – Residence of the Counts of Berg established in Düsseldorf.
  * 1567 – Rathhaus built.
  * 1609 – Residence of the Electoral Palatinate relocates to Düsseldorf from Heidelberg.
  * 1629 – Church of St. Andrew built.
  * 1684 – Evangelishche Kirche built.
  * 1710 – Electoral palace remodelled.
  * 1716
     * Residence of the Electoral Palatinate relocates to Heidelberg.
     * Neustadt laid out (approximate date).
  * 1760 – Jagerhof (electors' hunting lodge) built.
  * 1762 – Art Academy founded.
  * 1767 – Hofgarten laid out.
  * 1774 – School of Law established (approximate date).
  * 1787 – Karlstadt laid out.
  * 1794 – Town besieged by French forces.
  * 1800 – Musik-Academie established.
  
  ## 19th century
  
  * 1802 - Fortifications demolished.
  * 1804 – Kastanienallee laid out.
  * 1805
     * Town becomes capital of Grand Duchy of Berg.
     * Palace art collection relocates to Munich.
  * 1806 – French in power.
  * 1812 – Breidenbacher Hof in business.
  * 1813 – Hof-Garten expanded.
  * 1815
     * Prussians in power.
     * Engelbert Schramm becomes mayor.
  * 1818 – Lower Rhenish Music Festival held.
  * 1819 – New Kunstakademie Düsseldorf founded as Königlich Preußische Kunstakademie (Royal Prussian Academy of Art); Dusselthal Asylum established.
  * 1829 – Artists' Society for the Rhinelands and Westphalia (Kunstverein für die Rheinlande und Westphalen) founded.
  * 1838 – Bergisch-Märkische railway station opens.
  * 1841 – Düsseldorf–Elberfeld railway constructed.
  * 1845 – Cologne-Minden railway station opens.
  * 1846 – Ducal palace restored.
  * 1852
     * August: Singing festival held.
     * Population: 31,000.
  * 1861 – Malkasten artists' club established.
  * 1864 – Düsseldorfer Symphoniker (orchestra) active.
  * 1867 – Galerie Paffrath in business.
  * 1872 – Electoral palace burns down.
  * 1875
     * Church of St. John built.
     * City Theatre opens.
  * 1876
     * Trams begin operating.
     * Zoological Gardens established.
  * 1877 – Rhenish railway station built.
  * 1879 – Düsseldorf-Derendorf–Dortmund Süd railway, House of the Rhenish Estates, and Academy of Art building constructed.
  * 1881 – Kunsthalle built.
  * 1884 – Düsseldorf Exchange founded.
  * 1885
     * City public library established.
     * Population: 115,190.
  * 1891 – Düsseldorf Central Station opens.
  * 1893 – Mannesmann (manufacturer) relocates to Düsseldorf.
  * 1895 – Population: 175,985.
  * 1896 – Industrial art museum built.
  * 1898 – Road bridge constructed, carries the electric tram-line to "Crefeld".
  * 1899 – Apollo-Theater opens.
  * 1900 – Peek & Cloppenburg in business.
  
  ## 20th century
  
  * 1902 – Rhine Promenade laid out.
  * 1903 – Great Synagogue built.
  * 1904 – Löbbecke Museum opens.
  * 1905
     * Schauspielhausgebäude (theatre) opens.
     * Population: 252,630.
  * 1907 – Hospitals built.
  * 1909 – Ceramics museum founded.
  * 1910
     * Königsallee Moving Pictures cinema opens.
     * Largest Fair on the Rhine relocates to fairgrounds in Oberkassel district.
  * 1911 – Population: 312,000.
  * 1913 - Museum Kunstpalast opened in its current form.
  * 1920 – Labor strike.
  * 1921 – Max Planck Institute for Iron Research GmbH relocates to Düsseldorf.
  * 1924 – Wilhelm Marx House (high-rise) built.
  * 1926 – Planetarium and Rheinstadion built.
  * 1927 – Airport opens.
  * 1929 – Kaiserswerth becomes part of city.
  * 1935
     * Robert Schumann Hochschule formed.
     * Ice stadium opens on Brehmstraße.
  * 1936
     * Düsseldorf Central Station rebuilt.
     * 1 October: Consulate of Poland relocated from Essen to Düsseldorf.
  * 1937
     * Reich's Exhibition of a Productive People held.
     * July: Nazi camp for Sinti and Romani people established (see also Porajmos).
  * 1943
     * 28 May: Kalkum forced labour camp established by the SS. Its prisoners were mostly Poles, Russians, Belgians, Dutchmen and Germans.
     * 1 November: Berta forced labour camp established by the SS. Its prisoners were mostly Russians, Poles, Czechs, Ukrainians, Lithuanians and Yugoslavs.
  * 1944
     * March/April: DESt forced labour camp established by the SS. Its prisoners were mostly Poles, Russians, Belgians, Dutchmen and Germans.
     * 17 May: Kalkum, Berta and DESt forced labour camps converted into subcamps of the Buchenwald concentration camp.
     * 1 September: Berta II subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp established. Its prisoners were mostly Poles, Russians and Czechs.
  * 1945
     * March: Berta, Berta II and DESt subcamps dissolved, prisoners deported to the main Buchenwald camp.
     * 10 April: Kalkum subcamp dissolved, prisoners deported to the main Buchenwald camp.
     * 16 April: German Resistance launches Aktion Rheinland.
     * 17 April: City taken by U.S. 97th Infantry Division.
  * 1946
     * City becomes capital of North Rhine-Westphalia.
     * Handelsblatt and Rheinische Post newspapers begin publication.
  * 1947
     * 28 March: Food protest.
     * Kom(m)ödchen premieres.
  * 1950 – Institut Français Düsseldorf founded.
  * 1951 – Drupa printing equipment trade fair begins.
  * 1955
     * February–March: City co-hosts the 1955 Ice Hockey World Championships.
     * Deutsche Oper am Rhein established.
  * 1956 – Opernhaus Düsseldorf re-opens.
  * 1957 – North bridge constructed.
  * 1958 – New Synagogue built.
  * 1960
     * Willi Becker becomes mayor.
     * Dreischeibenhaus built.
  * 1961 – Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen founded.
  * 1962 – Tausendfüßler bridge built.
  * 1965 – Marionetten-Theater housed in Palais Wittgenstein.
  * 1966 – University of Düsseldorf established.
  * 1967 – Kunsthalle Düsseldorf built.
  * 1968
     * Düsseldorf Grand Prix tennis tournament begins.
     * Komödie Düsseldorf founded.
  * 1969
     * Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus built.
     * Düsseldorf Boat Show begins.
  * 1971
     * Fachhochschule Düsseldorf founded.
     * Philips Halle arena opens.
  * 1974 – Botanical garden established.
  * 1975 – City districts shaped (approximate date).
  * 1977 – City hosts the 1977 IAAF World Cross Country Championships.
  * 1979 – Tonhalle Düsseldorf and Flehe Bridge open.
  * 1981
     * Düsseldorf Stadtbahn (light rail) begins operating.
     * Rheinturm built.
  * 1982 – Collections Premieren Düsseldorf clothing trade fair begins.
  * 1984 – Von hier aus art exhibit held.
  * 1986 – Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen building inaugurated.
  * 1987 – Aquazoo–Löbbecke Museum opens.
  * 1993
     * Polish Institute founded.
     * Rheinufer Tunnel opens.
  * 1994 – Schadow Arkaden shopping mall built.
  * 1996
     * 11 April: Düsseldorf Airport fire.
     * Capitol Theater opens.
  * 1998 – Neuer Zollhof and Stadttor built.
  * 1999 – Joachim Erwin becomes mayor.
  * 2000 – Düsseldorf Airport railway station opens.
  
  ## 21st century
  
  * 2001
     * Arag-Tower built.
     * Museum Kunstpalast opens.
  * 2002 – Japan Day festival begins.
  * 2005
     * Lichtburg Studio Theater opens.
     * AMD Academy of Fashion and Design founded.
  * 2006 – ISS Dome arena opens.
  * 2007 – Kunst im Tunnel established.
  * 2008 – Dirk Elbers becomes mayor.
  * 2011
     * Eurovision Song Contest 2011 held.
     * Population: 592,393.
  * 2014 – June: Storm.
  * 2015 – General-Consulate of China opened.
  * 2017 – City hosts the 2017 World Table Tennis Championships.
  * 2018 – Honorary Consulate of Monaco opened.
  