title: East Pauwasi languages
text: # East Pauwasi languages
  
  The East Pauwasi languages are a family of Papuan languages spoken in north-central New Guinea, on both sides of the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border. They may either form part of a larger Pauwasi language family along with the Western Pauwasi languages, or they could form an independent language family.
  
  ## Languages
  
  According to Timothy Usher, the East Pauwasi languages, which seem to form a dialect chain, are:
  
  ### East Pauwasi River
  
  * Zorop (Yafi)
  * Emem–Karkar
     * Emem (Emumu)
        * North Emem
        * South Emem
     * Karkar (Yuri)
  
  Usher also identified the Karkar (Yuri) language as Pauwasi.
  
  ## Vocabulary comparison
  
  The following basic vocabulary words are from Voorhoeve (1971, 1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:
  
      LanguageEmemZoropTebiTowei head yebikolməndaiməndinimindimna hair yebipaimepaiməndini-teke; məndini- tekemindi-teke ear waigifaʔa eye yudji; jiei; iei nose məŋaiməndi tooth jokoldjurai; juraiklekəreser tongue metaləpklemalbo leg pukefu(ŋi)puŋwapopnoa louse yemarejemar; yemarmi dog endejendru; yendru pig fərsər bird olmuawelumu; olmuyemu egg yensenalani; membijek blood mobemobteri; təriedefi bone kolkəndaigwane; gwanopana skin abefou; wuserser breast muammamu tree nare; waltinare; war; wiŋguwejalgi; weyalgiwemu man yubearabtoŋkwartokwar woman elimkeke sun yəmardjəmar; jemarmaʔayimap moon djunkwuluma water endedjewek; yenderaieye fire yaudau; juwewe stone yomeiandrurkwolamafi road, path maifiaʔa name eiawei; djei; jeikiniken eat ferfel; fernenembra one gərakamaŋgətəwam; əŋətəwamkərowaligiona two anəŋgiaranəŋgarkrekrana
  
  ## Proto-language
  
  Some lexical reconstructions of Proto-East Pauwasi by Usher (2020) are:
  
      glossProto-East Pauwasi head/hair*mɛ $leaf/hair*mbVwa^i$ ear*wVpi eye*ji $nose*mɛ^i$ seed/tooth*jɔ tongue*mɜtaɺVp foot/leg*mbu blood*mɜp bone*ŋgVɺ skin/bark*apV, *jipi breast*mɵ̝m louse*jəmVɺ pig*pVɺ bird*and egg*jVn tree*naɺV, *waɺ man/husband*jɵ̝pɛ woman*VɺVm[i] sun/sky*jəmaɺ moon*juŋg water*Vnd $fire/wood*ja^u$ stone*mbVɺi $path*mVwa^i$ $name*ɛ^i$ eat/drink*pɜɺ one*aŋgVtamb two*anVŋg
  