title: Turnover
text: # Turnover
  
  Turnover or turn over may refer to:
  
  ## Arts, entertainment, and media
  
  * Turn Over, a 1988 live album by Japanese band Show-Ya
  * Turnover (band), an American rock band
  * "Turnover", a song on Fugazi's 1990 album Repeater
  * Turnover, a Japanese manga and animated short animated by Studio 4°C
  * "Turnover" (Hit the Floor), an episode of Hit the Floor
  * "Turn Over", a 2021 EP Album by South Korean boy band SF9
  
  ## Business
  
  * Turnover (employment), relative rate at which an employer gains and loses staff
  * Asset turnover or asset turns, a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of a company's use of its assets in generating sales revenue
  * Customer attrition, the rate at which a business loses customers, sometimes called the churn
  * Inventory turnover or inventory turns, a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period
  * Sales turnover or revenue, income a business has from sales
  * Turnover tax, an indirect tax similar to a sales tax or a VAT
  
  ## Science
  
  * Cell turnover, the replacement of old cells with newly generated ones
  * Lake turnover, when the waters in a lake ecosystem begin to mix again to create a uniform temperature
  * Population turnover, measure of gross moves in relation to the size of a population
  * Substance turnover, or biogeochemical cycle, a pathway by which a chemical substance moves
  * Turnover number, a measure related to chemical conversions
  * Turnover time, flushing time, the ratio of mass to flux
  
  ## Sports
  
  * Turnover (basketball), when a player loses possession of the ball resulting from a steal, going out of bounds, committing a violation, or committing an offensive foul
  * Turnover (gridiron football), in American and Canadian football when the offense loses possession of the football because of a fumble, interception, or on downs
  * Turnover (rugby league), when a team loses possession or at the end of a team's six tackles
  * Turnover (rugby union), when a team loses possession in a ruck or a maul
  
  ## Other uses
  
  * Turnover (food), a type of pastry made by placing a filling on a piece of dough, folding the dough over, and sealing it
  * Turnover bridge, a type of bridge
  * Turnover pistol, a type of gun
  