title: Sikorsky S-3
text: # Sikorsky S-3
  
  The Sikorsky S-3 was an early Russian single seat biplane design by Igor Sikorsky. Work on the machine started in July 1910 and was completed in late November.
  
  ## Design and development
  
  The S-3 was a larger improved version of the S-2 with a more powerful 40 hp (30 kW) Anzani three-cylinder engine. The main wings were manufactured in a more uniform manner with the ribs held to a closer tolerance and the fabric covering was of better quality. Other refinements included larger ailerons and faster-responding flight control surfaces.
  
  ## Operational history
  
  The S-3 exhibited performance superior to the S-2, and Sikorsky made a dozen successful flights starting early in December. The S-3 made its last flight on December 13, 1910 when at an altitude of 90 feet the engines distributor shifted to a retarded position and lost power. The aircraft landed hard on a frozen pond, broke through the ice and sank causing serious damage. The S-3 was salvaged and some parts including the engine were used in the construction of the S-4.
  
  ## Specifications
  
  Data from Russian Aviation Museum
  
  General characteristics
  
  * Crew: One
  * Length: 26 ft 3 in (8 m)
  * Upper wingspan: 26 ft 3 in (8 m)
  * Wing area: 260 sq ft (24 $m^2)$
  * Empty weight: 485 lb (220 kg)
  * Gross weight: 683 lb (310 kg)
  * Powerplant: 1 × Anzani 3 -cyl. air-cooled fan piston engine, 40 hp (30 kW)
  
  Performance
  
  * Service ceiling: 98 ft (30 m)
  