title: 1927 Southend by-election
text: # 1927 Southend by-election
  
  The 1927 Southend by-election was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Southend, Essex, on 19 November 1927.
  
  ## Previous MP
  
  The Conservative MP, Rupert Guinness, Viscount Elveden succeeded his father as Earl of Iveagh and took a seat in the House of Lords, vacating his seat in the House of Commons. He had represented the seat and its predecessor since 1912 and the area had not returned any other party since the Liberals won in 1906.
  
  ## Previous Result
  
  General election, 29 October 1924 Electorate: 47,259 :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
  | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Conservative | Rupert Guinness | 23,417 | 62.5 |
  | | Liberal | John Douglas Young | 10,924 | 29.1 |
  | | Labour | Sydney Alexander Moseley | 3,144 | 8.4 |
  | Majority | Majority | Majority | 12,493 | 33.4 |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 37,485 | 79.3 |
  | | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | |
  
  ## Candidates
  
  The Conservatives chose the former MP's wife, 46-year-old Gwendolen Guinness, now titled the Countess of Iveagh to defend the seat. The Liberal candidate was 33-year-old Hon. Dougall Meston. He was a former soldier who had become a Barrister in 1924. He was the heir to Baron Meston. This was his first election as a candidate. Labour selected a new candidate in James Erskine Harper. A fourth candidate entered the contest in the figure of a 52-year-old Manchester baker, E.A. Hailwood. He put himself forward as a candidate protesting against Baldwin's lack of leadership as Prime Minister.
  
  ## Result
  
  Southend by-election, 1927 :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Unionist | Gwendolen Guinness | 21,221 | 54.6 | -7.9 |
  | | Liberal | Dougall Meston | 11,912 | 30.7 | +1.6 |
  | | Labour | James Erskine Harper | 4,777 | 12.3 | +3.9 |
  | | Ind. Unionist | E. A. Hailwood | 917 | 2.4 | +2.4 |
  | Majority | Majority | Majority | 9,309 | 23.9 | -9.5 |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 38,827 | 73.2 | -6.1 |
  | | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | | |
  
  Harper(Labour) and Hailwood (Ind. Unionist) lost their deposits.
  
  ## Aftermath
  
  Hailwood went on to contest a further two by-elections as an Independent Conservative. Labour chose not to contest the seat at the following General Election.
  
  General election, 30 May 1929 Electorate: 73,815 :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Conservative | Gwendolen Guinness | 27,605 | 55.8 | +1.2 |
  | | Liberal | Dougall Meston | 21,884 | 44.2 | +13.5 |
  | Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,721 | 11.6 | -12.3 |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 49,489 | 67.0 | -6.2 |
  | | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |
  