title: Mynydd Machen
text: # Mynydd Machen
  
  Mynydd Machen or Machen Mountain is a 362-metre-high (1,188 ft) hill lying between the town of Risca and the village of Machen in Caerphilly County Borough in south Wales. Its summit is crowned by a trig point and a mast.
  
  ## Geology
  
  The hill lies at the southeastern extremity of the South Wales Coalfield where the varied Carboniferous Period rock strata of the coalfield margin are tilted steeply northwestwards into the coalfield basin. The sequence which outcrops on Mynydd Machen in northeast-southwest aligned bands is this (oldest at base):
  
  Warwickshire Group
  
     * Pennant Sandstone Formation
  
        * Brithdir Member
  
        * Rhondda member
  
        * Deri Member
  
  South Wales Coal Measures Group
  
     * South Wales Middle Coal Measures Formation
  
     * South Wales Lower Coal Measures Formation
  
  Marros Group
  
     * Bishopston Mudstone Formation
  
     * Twrch Sandstone Formation
  
  Pembroke Limestone Group
  
  The summit of the hill is formed from the sandstone of the ‘Brithdir Member’ of the Pennant Sandstone Formation. A large quarry towards the south of the hill works the dolomitic limestone of the Pembroke Limestone Group.
  
  ## Access
  
  Numerous public footpaths criss-cross the hill, some being followed by promoted recreational walking routes such as the Rhymney Valley Ridgeway Walk, the Sirhowy Valley Walk and the Raven Walk. The upper slopes of the hill and most of the woodland which clothes its slopes are mapped as open access under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 and thereby open to access on foot by the public.
  
  