title: Boldine
text: # Boldine
  
  Boldine is an alkaloid of the aporphine class that can be found in the boldo tree. It is the most abundant aporphine alkaloid found in Boldo. Boldine is also found in Lindera aggregata.
  
  ## Pharmacology
  
  Boldine has been investigated for its cyto-protective, anti-tumour promoting, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effect and is particularly believed to be a strong antioxidant.
  
  Boldine has shown nootropic activity in mice, specifically by significantly improving learning and memory.
  
  Boldine has shown antiepileptic activity in mice against seizures induced by Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ).
  
  Boldine protects against paracetamol induced liver inflammation and acute hepatic necrosis in mice.
  
  Boldine is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. 5-HT3A antagonists have been shown to help prevent nausea and vomiting as well as the negative effects of serotonin in the G.I tract.
  
  Glaucine is structurally related to Boldine. Glaucine is a dimethyl ether analog of Boldine.
  
  Topical use of DiAcetyl-Boldine in the form of a microemulsion has been studied for chemoprotection against Melanoma.
  
  