title: Elections in San Marino
text: # Elections in San Marino
  
  San Marino elects on the national level a legislature. The Grand and General Council (Consiglio Grande e Generale) has 60 members, elected for a five-year term by semi-proportional representation with national majority bonus (the winning coalition receives at least 35 seats on 60).
  
  San Marino has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
  
  The first elections were held in March 1906 after the Arengo held on the same year that established democracy in the country. Between 1926 and 1943, the Sammarinese Fascist Party took power and all other parties were banned. Democracy was restored in 1945.
  
  Since early 2008, there has been an electoral threshold of 3.5%. Since 2016, if none of the coalitions achieves an absolute majority of seats, a runoff between the two largest coalitions is held.
  
  ## General elections
  
  ### Last election
  
  A parliamentary election was held in San Marino on 8 December 2019.
  
  | | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party | Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party | 5,993 | 33.35 | 21 | +11 |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Tomorrow in Motion | | RETE Movement | 3,276 | 18.23 | 11 | +3 |
  | | Tomorrow in Motion | | Domani Motus Liberi | 1,112 | 6.19 | 4 | New |
  | | Tomorrow in Motion | | Coalition votes | 57 | 0.32 | 0 | – |
  | | Tomorrow in Motion | Total | Total | 4,445 | 24.73 | 15 | +3 |
  | | Libera San Marino | Libera San Marino | Libera San Marino | 2,964 | 16.49 | 10 | –14 |
  | | We for the Republic | We for the Republic | We for the Republic | 2,359 | 13.13 | 8 | +2 |
  | | Future Republic | Future Republic | Future Republic | 1,850 | 10.29 | 6 | –5 |
  | | Ēlego | Ēlego | Ēlego | 361 | 2.01 | 0 | New |
  | Total | Total | Total | Total | 17,972 | 100.00 | 60 | 0 |
  | Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 17,972 | 93.44 | | |
  | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 1,262 | 6.56 | | |
  | Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 19,234 | 100.00 | | |
  | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 34,511 | 55.73 | | |
  | Source: State Secretariat for Internal Affairs and Public Function ||||||||
  
  ### Election results 1945–2016
  
  Summary of Sammarinese elections for the Grand and General Council, 1945–2016 :
  
  | Election | Round | PSDS | PCS | PSS | PDCS | PSIS | MLS | SR | AP | SU | AN | PSD | PS | UPR | C10 | RETE | Oth. | Turnout |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | 1945 | 1945 | (PDCS) | 66.0 | (PCS) | 34.0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 57.4 |
  | 1949 | 1949 | (PDCS) | 57.7 | (PCS) | 42.3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 67.5 |
  | 1951 | 1951 | 5.6 | 29.3 | 22.1 | 43.0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 62.6 |
  | 1955 | 1955 | 4.7 | 31.6 | 25.5 | 38.2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 70.1 |
  | 1959 | 1959 | (PSIS) | 26.0 | 13.8 | 44.3 | 15.9 | | | | | | | | | | | | 85.7 |
  | 1964 | 1964 | | 24.1 | 10.7 | 46.8 | 16.2 | 2.2 | | | | | | | | | | | 84.0 |
  | 1969 | 1969 | | 22.8 | 11.9 | 44.0 | 18.0 | 2.1 | | | | | | | | | | 1.2 | 79.5 |
  | 1974 | 1974 | | 23.6 | 13.9 | 39.6 | 15.4 | 1.6 | | | | | | | | | | 5.9 | 79.7 |
  | 1978 | 1978 | | 25.1 | 13.8 | 42.3 | 11.1 | | 4.2 | | | | | | | | | 3.5 | 79.0 |
  | 1983 | 1983 | | 24.4 | 14.8 | 42.1 | 13.9 | | 2.9 | | | | | | | | | 1.9 | 79.7 |
  | 1988 | 1988 | | 28.7 | 11.1 | 44.1 | 13.6 | | 1.1 | | | | | | | | | 1.4 | 81.1 |
  | 1993 | 1993 | | 18.6 | 23.7 | 41.4 | | | | 7.7 | 3.4 | | | | | | | 5.2 | 80.0 |
  | 1998 | 1998 | | 18.6 | 23.2 | 40.9 | | | 4.2 | 9.8 | 3.3 | | | | | | | | 75.3 |
  | 2001 | 2001 | | 20.6 | 24.0 | 41.1 | | | | 9.0 | 3.4 | 1.9 | | | | | | | 73.8 |
  | 2006 | 2006 | | (PdS) | (PdS) | 32.9 | | | | 12.1 | 8.7 | 2.3 | 31.8 | 5.4 | | | | 6.8 | 71.8 |
  | 2008 | 2008 | | | | 31.9 | | | | 11.5 | 8.6 | 4.2 | 32.0 | 6.3 | 4.9 | | | 0.7 | 68.5 |
  | 2012 | 2012 | | | | 29.5 | | | | 6.7 | 9.1 | 1.7 | 14.3 | 12.1 | 8.4 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 63.9 |
  | 2016 | 1st | | | | 24.5 | | | | 9.6 | 12.1 | | 7.2 | 7.7 | (AP) | 9.3 | 18.3 | 11.3 | 59.7 |
  | 2016 | 2nd | | | | 42.1 | | | | (SU) | 57.9 | | (PDCS) | (PDCS) | | (SU) | | | 50.1 |
  
  ## Local elections
  
  Local elections are held every 5 years in all the municipalities, to elect the municipal councils (giunte di castello) and the mayors (capitani di castello). The last elections were held on 30 November 2014. Proportional representation is used to allocate the seats. Voters have up to 2 preference votes.
  
  ## Referendums
  
  * Sammarinese citizenry meeting, 1906
  * 1982 Sammarinese citizenship referendum
  * 1996 Sammarinese electoral law referendum
  * 1997 Sammarinese referendum
  * 1999 Sammarinese citizenship referendum
  * 2003 Sammarinese voting system referendum
  * 2005 Sammarinese electoral law referendum
  * 2008 Sammarinese referendum
  * 2011 Sammarinese public property referendum
  * 2013 Sammarinese referendum
  * 2014 Sammarinese referendum
  * 2016 Sammarinese referendum
  