title: List of philosophy anniversaries
text: # List of philosophy anniversaries
  
  ## January
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1614: John Wilkins born.
  * 1815: Charles Bernard Renouvier born.
  * 1921: Ismail al-Faruqi born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 106 BC: Cicero born.
  * 1901: Eric Voegelin born.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1642: Isaac Newton born.
  * 1786: Moses Mendelssohn dies.
  * 1936: Gianni Vattimo born.
  * 1941: Henri Bergson dies.
  * 1960: Albert Camus dies.
  * 1961: Erwin Schrödinger dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1548: Francisco Suárez born.
  * 1846: Rudolf Christoph Eucken born.
  * 1857: Albert Schwegler dies.
  * 1932: Umberto Eco born.
  * 2001: G. E. M. Anscombe dies.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1809: Johann Augustus Eberhard dies.
  * 1859: Samuel Alexander born.
  * 1918: Georg Cantor dies.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1632: Samuel von Pufendorf born.
  * 1642: Galileo Galilei dies.
  * 1905: Carl Hempel born.
  * 1950: Joseph Schumpeter dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1799: Maria Gaetana Agnesi dies.
  * 1878: John B. Watson born.
  * 1908: Simone de Beauvoir born.
  * 1943: R. G. Collingwood dies.
  * 1947: Karl Mannheim dies.
  * 1986: Michel de Certeau dies.
  * 2004: Norberto Bobbio dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1715: Christian August Crusius born.
  * 1794: Jean Philibert Damiron born.
  * 1922: Michel Henry born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1829: Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von Schlegel dies.
  * 1842: William James born.
  * 1862: Jean Philibert Damiron dies.
  * 1900: James Martineau dies.
  * 1907: Abraham Joshua Heschel born.
  * 1941: Emanuel Lasker dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1729: Edmund Burke born.
  * 1929: Jaakko Hintikka born.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1775: Johann Georg Walch dies.
  * 1867: Victor Cousin dies.
  * 1924: Paul Feyerabend born.
  * 1957: Jerome Frank dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1753: George Berkeley dies.
  * 1875: Albert Schweitzer born.
  * 1898: Lewis Carroll dies.
  * 1901: Alfred Tarski born.
  * 1926: Peter Winch born.
  * 1931: William Ernest Johnson dies.
  * 1978: Kurt Gödel dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1809: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon born.
  * 1919: Rosa Luxemburg dies.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1838: Franz Brentano born.
  * 1853: Vladimir Solovyov born.
  * 1943: John Perry born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1798: Auguste Comte born.
  * 1868: Louis Couturat born.
  * 1889: Nikolai Chernyshevsky dies.
  * 1937: Alain Badiou born.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1689: Montesquieu born.
  * 1925: Gilles Deleuze born.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1200: Dōgen born.
  * 1865: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon dies.
  * 1929: Liang Qichao dies.
  * 1930: Frank P. Ramsey dies.
  * 1985: Eric Voegelin dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1973: Amílcar Cabral dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1870: Alexander Herzen dies.
  * 1887: Wolfgang Köhler born.
  * 1924: Vladimir Lenin dies.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1263: Ibn Taymiya born.
  * 1561: Francis Bacon born.
  * 1592: Pierre Gassendi born.
  * 1729: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing born.
  * 1814: Eduard Zeller born.
  * 1891: Antonio Gramsci born.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1744: Giambattista Vico dies.
  * 1862: David Hilbert born.
  * 2002: Pierre Bourdieu dies.
  * 2002: Robert Nozick dies.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1679: Christian Wolff born.
  * 1965: Nicholas Lossky dies.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1627: Robert Boyle born.
  * 1743: Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi born.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1884: Edward Sapir born.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1775: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling born.
  * 1808: David Strauss born.
  * 1814: Johann Gottlieb Fichte dies.
  * 1832: Lewis Carroll born.
  * 1912: Arne Næss born.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1688: Emanuel Swedenborg born.
  * 1737: Thomas Paine born.
  * 2002: R. M. Hare dies.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1846: F. H. Bradley born.
  * 1948: Mahatma Gandhi dies.
  
  ### 31
  
  * 1624: Arnold Geulincx born.
  
  ## February
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1801: Émile Littré born.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1970: Bertrand Russell dies.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1869: Heinrich Ritter dies.
  * 1909: Simone Weil born.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1842: Théodore Simon Jouffroy dies.
  * 1906: Dietrich Bonhoeffer born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1874: David Strauss dies.
  * 1878: Martin Buber born.
  * 1960: J. L. Austin dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1755: Montesquieu dies.
  * 1819: Albert Schwegler born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1650: Descartes dies.
  * 1900: Hans-Georg Gadamer dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1804: Immanuel Kant dies.
  * 1834: Friedrich Schleiermacher dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1404: Leon Battista Alberti born.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1564: Galileo Galilei born.
  * 1748: Jeremy Bentham born.
  * 1781: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing dies.
  * 1861: Alfred North Whitehead born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1834: Ernst Haeckel born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1444: Rodolphus Agricola born.
  * 1600: Giordano Bruno dies.
  * 1798: Friedrich Eduard Beneke born.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1535: Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa dies.
  * 1838: Ernst Mach born.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1837: Thomas Burgess dies.
  * 1916: Ernst Mach dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 2003: Maurice Blanchot dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1677: Baruch Spinoza dies.
  * 1921: John Rawls born.
  * 1994: Gerda Alexander dies.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1788: Arthur Schopenhauer born.
  * 1816: Adam Ferguson dies.
  * 1903: Frank P. Ramsey born.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1723: Richard Price born.
  * 1883: Karl Jaspers born.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1715: Claude Adrien Helvétius born.
  * 1969: Karl Jaspers dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1861: Rudolf Steiner born.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1533: Michel de Montaigne born.
  * 1823: Ernest Renan born.
  
  ## March
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1768: Hermann Samuel Reimarus dies.
  * 1858: Georg Simmel born.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1886: Kurt Grelling born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1756: William Godwin born.
  * 1879: William Kingdon Clifford dies.
  * 1983: Arthur Koestler dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1826: Elme Marie Caro born.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1866: William Whewell dies.
  * 1917: Donald Davidson born.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 322 BC: Aristotle dies.
  * 1274: Thomas Aquinas dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1836: Antoine Destutt de Tracy dies.
  * 1897: Jamal al-Din al-Afghani dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1772: Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von Schlegel born.
  * 1819: Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi dies.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1738: Cesare, Marquis of Beccaria born.
  * 1843: Harald Høffding born.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1685: George Berkeley born.
  * 1925: Sun Yat-sen dies.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 2: Apollonius of Tyana born.
  * 2002: Hans-Georg Gadamer dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1883: Karl Marx dies.
  * 1905: Raymond Aron born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 180: Marcus Aurelius dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1919: G. E. M. Anscombe born.
  * 1980: Erich Fromm dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1908: Eduard Zeller dies.
  * 1928: Hans Küng born.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1727: Isaac Newton dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1812: William George Ward born.
  * 1949: Slavoj Žižek born.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1832: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe dies.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1900: Erich Fromm born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1865: Woo Tsin-hang born.
  * 1980: Roland Barthes dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1882: Thomas Hill Green dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1765: Franz Xaver von Baader born.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1794: Marquis de Condorcet dies.
  * 1911: J. L. Austin born.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1772: Emanuel Swedenborg dies.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1135: Maimonides born.
  * 1925: Rudolf Steiner dies.
  * 1930: Félix Guattari born.
  
  ### 31
  
  1596: Descartes born.
  
  ## April
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1880: Otto Weininger born.
  * 2000: Terence McKenna dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 397: Ambrose dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1588: Thomas Hobbes born.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1773: James Mill born.
  * 1796: George Campbell dies.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 1798: Pierre Leroux born.
  * 1836: William Godwin dies.
  * 1836: Thomas Hill Green born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1835: Wilhelm von Humboldt dies.
  * 1859: Edmund Husserl born.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1626: Francis Bacon dies.
  * 1754: Christian Wolff dies.
  * 1945: Dietrich Bonhoeffer dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1583: Hugo Grotius born.
  * 1955: Pierre Teilhard de Chardin dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1963: Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz dies.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1743: Thomas Jefferson born.
  * 1882: Bruno Bauer dies.
  * 1885: György Lukács born.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1986: Simone de Beauvoir dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1877: W. D. Ross born.
  * 1980: Jean-Paul Sartre dies.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1975: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1817: George Henry Lewes born.
  * 1880: Aristotelian Society for the Systematic Study of Philosophy founded.
  * 1999: Gian-Carlo Rota dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1791: Richard Price dies.
  * 1914: Charles Sanders Peirce dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1932: Giuseppe Peano dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1109: Anselm of Canterbury dies.
  * 1142: Pierre Abélard dies.
  * 1805: James Martineau born.
  * 1938: Muhammad Iqbal dies.
  * 1998: Jean-François Lyotard dies.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1724: Immanuel Kant born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1472: Leon Battista Alberti dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 121: Marcus Aurelius born.
  * 1711: David Hume born.
  * 1889: Ludwig Wittgenstein born.
  * 1938: Edmund Husserl dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1820: Herbert Spencer born.
  * 1932: Gian-Carlo Rota born.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1816: Johann Heinrich Abicht dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1951: Ludwig Wittgenstein dies.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1736: Johann Albert Fabricius dies.
  * 1823: Paul Janet born.
  
  ## May
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1881: Pierre Teilhard de Chardin born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1469: Niccolò Machiavelli born.
  * 1764: Francesco Algarotti dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1762: Johann Heinrich Abicht born.
  * 1845: William Kingdon Clifford born.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1813: Søren Kierkegaard born.
  * 1818: Karl Marx born.
  * 1971: W. D. Ross dies.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1947: Martha Nussbaum born.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 399 BC: Socrates dies.
  * 1861: Rabindranath Tagore born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1873: John Stuart Mill dies.
  * 1936: Oswald Spengler dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1751: Jacob Friedrich von Abel born.
  * 1805: Friedrich Schiller dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1886: Karl Barth born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1881: Henri-Frédéric Amiel dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1806: Johan Vilhelm Snellman born.
  * 1946: Gareth Evans born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1718: Maria Gaetana Agnesi born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1729: Samuel Clarke dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1692: Joseph Butler born.
  * 1872: Bertrand Russell born.
  * 1891: Rudolf Carnap born.
  * 1900: Félix Ravaisson-Mollien dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1762: Johann Gottlieb Fichte born.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1806: John Stuart Mill born.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 427 BC: Plato born?
  * 1817: Hermann Lotze born.
  * 1935: Jane Addams dies.
  * 1953: Ernst Zermelo dies.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1841: Franz Xaver von Baader dies.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1794: William Whewell born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1805: William Paley dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1976: Martin Heidegger dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1986: Ismail al-Faruqi dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1998: Virgil Aldrich dies.
  * 2001: Francisco Varela dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1880: Oswald Spengler born.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1778: Voltaire dies.
  * 1832: James Mackintosh dies.
  
  ### 31
  
  * 1753: Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud born.
  * 1838: Henry Sidgwick born.
  
  ## June
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1952: John Dewey dies.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1740: Marquis de Sade born.
  * 1881: Émile Littré dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 470 BC: Socrates born.
  * 1971: Georg Lukács dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1723: Adam Smith born (baptized).
  * 1937: Hélène Cixous born.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1832: Jeremy Bentham dies.
  * 1909: Isaiah Berlin born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 632: Muhammad dies.
  * 2007: Richard Rorty dies.
  * 1896: Jules Simon dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 2003: Bernard Williams dies.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1818: Alexander Bain born.
  * 1828: Dugald Stewart dies.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1884:
     * Leon Chwistek born.
     * Étienne Gilson born.
  * 1965: Martin Buber dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1916: Georg Henrik von Wright born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1752: Joseph Butler dies.
  * 2003: Georg Henrik von Wright dies.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1693: Johann Georg Walch born.
  * 1996: Thomas Samuel Kuhn dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1870: Édouard Le Roy born.
  * 1929: Jürgen Habermas born.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1623: Blaise Pascal born.
  * 1947: John Ralston Saul born.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1723: Adam Ferguson born.
  * 1824: Maine de Biran dies?
  * 1840: Pierre Claude François Daunou dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1527: Niccolò Machiavelli dies.
  * 1763: Pierre Paul Royer-Collard born.
  * 1788: Johann Georg Hamann dies.
  * 1905: Jean-Paul Sartre born.
  * 1908: William Frankena born.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1767: Wilhelm von Humboldt born.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1668: Giambattista Vico born.
  * 1836: James Mill dies.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1941: Julia Kristeva born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1908: Willard Van Orman Quine born.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1688: Ralph Cudworth dies.
  * 1702: Philip Doddridge born.
  * 1984: Michel Foucault dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1884: Gaston Bachelard born.
  * 1908: Charles Stevenson born.
  * 1989: Alfred Ayer dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1712: Jean-Jacques Rousseau born.
  * 2001: Mortimer Adler dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1315: Ramon Llull dies.
  
  ## July
  
  1743: William Paley born.
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1646: Gottfried Leibniz born.
  * 1676: Anthony Collins born.
  * 1871: Henry Longueville Mansel dies.
  * 1881: Hermann Lotze dies.
  * 1983: Buckminster Fuller dies.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1750: Thomas Spence born.
  * 1778: Jean-Jacques Rousseau dies.
  * 1931: Harald Høffding dies.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 2002: Michel Henry dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1826: Thomas Jefferson dies.
  * 1881: Johan Vilhelm Snellman dies.
  * 1937: Thomas Nagel born.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1907: Kuno Fischer dies.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1796: Théodore Simon Jouffroy born.
  * 1882: William George Ward dies.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 1829: Jacob Friedrich von Abel dies.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1885: Ernst Bloch born.
  * 1993: Henry Hazlitt dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1797: Edmund Burke dies.
  * 1962: Georges Bataille dies.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1905: Muhammad Abduh dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1536: Erasmus dies.
  * 1895: Buckminster Fuller born.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1887: Elme Marie Caro dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1879: Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz dies.
  * 1951: Esther Dyson born.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1892: Walter Benjamin born.
  * 1901: Nicola Abbagnano born.
  * 1930: Jacques Derrida born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1698: Pierre Louis Maupertuis born.
  * 1790: Adam Smith dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1797: Immanuel Hermann Fichte born.
  * 1922: Thomas Samuel Kuhn born.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1754: Antoine Destutt de Tracy born.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1911: Marshall McLuhan born.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1824: Kuno Fischer born.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1940: Stanley Hauerwas born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1834: Samuel Taylor Coleridge dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1988: Fazlur Rahman dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1759: Pierre Louis Maupertuis dies.
  * 1871: Ernst Zermelo born.
  * 1999: Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1804: Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach born.
  * 1902: Karl Popper born.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1929: Jean Baudrillard born.
  
  ### 31
  
  * 1784: Denis Diderot dies.
  * 1932: John Searle born.
  
  ## August
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1930: Pierre Bourdieu born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1780: Étienne Bonnot de Condillac dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1912: Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov born.
  * 1977: Ernst Bloch dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1895: Friedrich Engels dies.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1638: Nicolas Malebranche born.
  * 1969: Theodor Adorno dies.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 1906: Nelson Goodman born.
  * 1941: Rabindranath Tagore dies.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1694: Antoine Arnauld dies.
  * 1694: Francis Hutcheson born.
  * 1746: Francis Hutcheson dies.
  * 1879: Immanuel Hermann Fichte dies.
  * 1919: Ernst Haeckel dies.
  * 1930: George Soros born.
  * 1931: Roger Penrose born.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1801: Christian Hermann Weisse born.
  * 1843: Jakob Friedrich Fries dies.
  * 1924: Jean-François Lyotard born.
  * 1980: Gareth Evans dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1484: George of Trebizond dies.
  * 1512: Alessandro Achillini dies.
  * 1686: John Balguy born.
  * 1837: Pierre Laromiguière dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1069: Ibn Hazm dies.
  * 1872: Sri Aurobindo born.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1761: Pierre Claude François Daunou born.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1662: Blaise Pascal dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1854: Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling dies.
  * 1886: Paul Tillich born.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1245: Alexander of Hales dies.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1773: Jakob Friedrich Fries born.
  * 1921: Kenneth Arrow born.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1943: Simone Weil dies.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1776: David Hume dies.
  * 1892: Richard Lewis Nettleship dies.
  * 1900: Friedrich Nietzsche dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1910: William James dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1730: Johann Georg Hamann born.
  * 1770: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel born.
  * 1858: Giuseppe Peano born.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 430: Augustine of Hippo dies.
  * 1645: Hugo Grotius dies.
  * 1749: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe born.
  * 1757: David Hartley dies.
  * 1900: Henry Sidgwick dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1632: John Locke born.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1705: David Hartley born.
  * 2003: Donald Davidson dies.
  
  ## September
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1648: Marin Mersenne dies.
  * 1903: Charles Bernard Renouvier dies.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1845: Pierre Paul Royer-Collard dies.
  * 1949: Hans-Hermann Hoppe born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1819: Alexander Campbell Fraser born.
  * 1894: John Veitch dies.
  * 1939: Edvard Westermarck dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1965: Albert Schweitzer dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1888: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan born.
  * 1905: Arthur Koestler born.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1729: Moses Mendelssohn born.
  * 1809: Bruno Bauer born.
  * 1860: Jane Addams born.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 1946: Francisco Varela born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1588: Marin Mersenne born.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1945: Robert Alexy born.
  * 1976: Mao Zedong dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1839: Charles Sanders Peirce born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1903: Theodor Adorno born.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1592: Michel de Montaigne dies.
  * 1872: Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach dies.
  * 1938: Samuel Alexander dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1486: Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa born.
  * 1930: Allan Bloom born.
  * 1970: Rudolf Carnap dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 973: Biruni born.
  * 1926: Rudolf Christoph Eucken dies.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1814: Émile Saisset born.
  * 1897: Georges Bataille born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1743: Marquis de Condorcet born.
  * 1994: Karl Popper dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1903: Alexander Bain dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1866: Christian Hermann Weisse dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1899: Leo Strauss born.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1748: John Balguy dies.
  * 1860: Arthur Schopenhauer dies.
  * 1919: Fazlur Rahman born.
  * 1919: Mario Bunge dies.
  * 1929: Bernard Williams born.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1253: Dōgen dies.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1805: Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz born.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1889: Martin Heidegger born.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1821: Henri-Frédéric Amiel born.
  * 1907: Maurice Blanchot born.
  * 1940: Walter Benjamin dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 551 BC: Confucius born (traditionally).
  * 1918: Georg Simmel dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1864: Miguel de Unamuno born.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1715: Étienne Bonnot de Condillac born.
  
  ## October
  
  ### 1
  
  * 1499: Marsilio Ficino dies.
  * 1911: Wilhelm Dilthey dies.
  * 1914: Stuart Hampshire born.
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1869: Mahatma Gandhi born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1981: Tadeusz Kotarbiński dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1903: Otto Weininger dies.
  * 1931: Richard Rorty born.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1703: Jonathan Edwards born.
  * 1713: Denis Diderot born.
  * 1714: Kaibara Ekken dies.
  * 1781: Bernard Bolzano born.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1820: Henry Longueville Mansel born.
  * 1831: Richard Dedekind born.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 1796: Thomas Reid dies.
  * 1885: Niels Bohr born.
  * 1894: Herman Dooyeweerd born.
  * 1992: Allan Bloom dies.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1879: Chen Duxiu born.
  * 1973: Gabriel Marcel dies.
  * 2004: Jacques Derrida dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1253: Robert Grosseteste dies.
  * 1950: Nicolai Hartmann dies.
  * 2000: Charles Hartshorne dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1560: Jacobus Arminius born.
  * 1780: John Abercrombie born.
  * 1873: Arthur O. Lovejoy born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1675: Samuel Clarke born.
  * 1881: Hans Kelsen born.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1600: Luis de Molina dies.
  * 1602: William Chillingworth born.
  * 1892: Ernest Renan dies.
  * 1991: Gregory Vlastos dies.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1282: Nichiren dies.
  * 1694: Samuel von Pufendorf dies.
  * 1715: Nicolas Malebranche dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1906: Hannah Arendt born.
  * 2001: David Kellogg Lewis dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 55 BC: Lucretius dies.
  * 1844: Friedrich Nietzsche born.
  * 1881: William Temple born.
  * 1926: Michel Foucault born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1854: Oscar Wilde born.
  * 1918: Louis Althusser born.
  * 1962: Gaston Bachelard dies.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1760: Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon born.
  * 1889: Nikolai Chernyshevsky dies.
  * 1983: Raymond Aron dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1771: Heinrich von Kleist born.
  * 1775: Christian August Crusius dies.
  * 1859: Henri Bergson born.
  * 1871: Charles Babbage dies.
  * 1909: Norberto Bobbio born.
  * 1955: José Ortega y Gasset dies.
  * 1973: Leo Strauss dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1433: Marsilio Ficino born.
  * 1609: Jacobus Arminius dies.
  * 1926: Joel Feinberg born.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1463: Alessandro Achillini born.
  * 1859: John Dewey born.
  * 1866: Kazimierz Twardowski born.
  * 1978: Anders Nygren dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1772: Samuel Taylor Coleridge born.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1965: Paul Tillich dies.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1813: Félix Ravaisson-Mollien born.
  * 1990: Louis Althusser dies.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1655: Pierre Gassendi dies.
  * 1765: James Mackintosh born.
  * 1829: John Veitch born.
  * 1958: George Edward Moore dies.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1180: John of Salisbury dies.
  * 1400: Geoffrey Chaucer dies.
  * 1767: Benjamin Constant born.
  * 1806: Max Stirner born.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1751: Philip Doddridge
  * 1944: William Temple dies.
  * 1983: Alfred Tarski dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1466: Erasmus born.
  * 1485: Rodolphus Agricola dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1704: John Locke dies.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1783: Jean le Rond d'Alembert dies.
  * 1910: Alfred Ayer born.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1862: Friedrich Meinecke born.
  * 1953: Woo Tsin-hang dies.
  * 2003: Richard Taylor dies.
  
  ### 31
  
  * 1793: Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud dies.
  * 1841: Georg Anton Friedrich Ast dies.
  
  ## November
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1815: George Boole born.
  
  ### 3
  
  * 1756: Pierre Laromiguière born.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1873: George Edward Moore born.
  * 1995: Gilles Deleuze died.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 1997: Isaiah Berlin dies.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 994: Ibn Hazm born.
  * 1913: Albert Camus born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1308: Duns Scotus dies.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1877: Muhammad Iqbal born.
  * 1934: Carl Sagan born.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1759: Friedrich Schiller born.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1668: Johann Albert Fabricius born.
  * 1675: Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of a function y = f(x) by using antiderivatives.
  * 1751 Julien Offray de La Mettrie dies.
  * 1855: Søren Kierkegaard dies.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1866: Sun Yat-sen born.
  * 1915: Roland Barthes born.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 354: Augustine of Hippo born.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1633: William Ames dies.
  * 1716: Gottfried Leibniz dies.
  * 1831: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel dies.
  * 1844: John Abercrombie dies.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1280: Albertus Magnus dies.
  * 1932: Alvin Plantinga born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1717: Jean le Rond d'Alembert born.
  * 1938: Robert Nozick born.
  * 1946: Terence McKenna born.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1672: John Wilkins dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1862: Edvard Westermarck born.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1694: Voltaire born.
  * 1768: Friedrich Schleiermacher born.
  * 1791: Heinrich Ritter born.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1753: Dugald Stewart born.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1709 Julien Offray de La Mettrie born.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1632: Baruch Spinoza born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 1998: Nelson Goodman dies.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1198: Abraham ben David dies.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1792: Victor Cousin born.
  * 1794: Cesare, Marquis of Beccaria dies.
  * 1820: Friedrich Engels born.
  * 1878: George Henry Lewes dies.
  * 1894: Henry Hazlitt born.
  
  ### 29
  
  * 1766: Maine de Biran born.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1900: Oscar Wilde dies.
  
  ## December
  
  ### 2
  
  * 1814: Marquis de Sade dies.
  
  ### 4
  
  * 1679: Thomas Hobbes dies.
  * 1801: Karl Ludwig Michelet born.
  * 1975: Hannah Arendt dies.
  
  ### 5
  
  * 749: John of Damascus dies.
  * 1901: Werner Heisenberg born.
  * 1950: Sri Aurobindo dies.
  
  ### 6
  
  * 1919: Paul de Man born.
  * 1956: B. R. Ambedkar dies.
  
  ### 7
  
  * 43 BC: Cicero dies.
  * 1889: Gabriel Marcel born.
  * 1928: Noam Chomsky born.
  
  ### 8
  
  * 1830: Benjamin Constant dies.
  * 1864: George Boole dies.
  * 1903: Herbert Spencer dies.
  * 1924: Lucio Colletti born.
  
  ### 9
  
  * 1842: Peter Kropotkin born.
  * 2004: Paul Edwards dies.
  
  ### 10
  
  * 1198: Averroes dies.
  * 1882: Otto Neurath born.
  * 1968: Karl Barth dies.
  
  ### 11
  
  * 1712: Francesco Algarotti born.
  * 1857: Georgy Plekhanov born.
  * 1901: Michael Oakeshott born.
  
  ### 12
  
  * 1890: Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz born.
  * 1905: Emmanuel Lévinas born.
  
  ### 13
  
  * 1048: Biruni dies.
  * 1204: Maimonides dies.
  * 1784: Samuel Johnson dies.
  
  ### 14
  
  * 1630: Anne Finch Conway born.
  
  ### 15
  
  * 1673: Margaret Cavendish dies.
  * 1828: Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov born.
  
  ### 16
  
  * 1863: George Santayana born.
  * 1893: Karl Ludwig Michelet dies.
  * 1929: Bernard Crick born.
  
  ### 17
  
  * 1846: Richard Lewis Nettleship born.
  * 1863: Émile Saisset dies.
  
  ### 18
  
  * 1803: Johann Gottfried Herder dies.
  * 1848: Bernard Bolzano dies.
  * 1933: Hans Vaihinger dies.
  
  ### 19
  
  * 1990: Michael Oakeshott dies.
  
  ### 20
  
  * 1902: Sidney Hook born.
  * 1996: Carl Sagan dies.
  
  ### 21
  
  * 1878: Jan Łukasiewicz born.
  * 1983: Paul de Man dies.
  
  ### 22
  
  * 1694: Hermann Samuel Reimarus born.
  * 1880: George Eliot dies.
  * 1945: Otto Neurath dies.
  
  ### 23
  
  * 1972: Abraham Joshua Heschel dies.
  
  ### 24
  
  * 1868: Emanuel Lasker born.
  
  ### 25
  
  * 8 BC-4 BC: Jesus born (traditionally).
  * 1642: Isaac Newton born.
  * 1719: George Campbell born.
  * 1995: Emmanuel Lévinas dies.
  * 2000: Willard Van Orman Quine dies.
  
  ### 26
  
  * 1536: Yi I born.
  * 1771: Claude Adrien Helvétius dies.
  * 1792: Charles Babbage born.
  * 1893: Mao Zedong born.
  * 1934: Richard Swinburne born.
  
  ### 27
  
  * 1571: Johannes Kepler born.
  * 1782: Henry Home, Lord Kames dies.
  * 1814: Jules Simon born.
  
  ### 28
  
  * 1706: Pierre Bayle dies.
  * 1902: Mortimer Adler born.
  * 1903: John von Neumann born.
  * 1906: Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov dies.
  
  ### 30
  
  * 1691: Robert Boyle dies.
  * 1887: C. D. Broad born.
  * 1947: Alfred North Whitehead dies.
  
  ### 31
  
  * 1384: John Wycliffe dies.
  * 1936: Miguel de Unamuno dies.
  * 1980: Marshall McLuhan dies.
  