title: 1901 in literature
text: # 1901 in literature
  
  This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1901.
  
  ## Events
  
  * January 31 – Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters (Три сeстры, Tri sestry) opens at the Moscow Art Theatre, directed by Constantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko with Stanislavski as Vershinin, Olga Knipper as Masha, Margarita Savetskaya as Olga, Maria Andreyeva as Irina, and Maria Lilina (Stanislavsky's wife) as Natasha.
  * February 22 – Leo Tolstoy is excommunicated from the Russian Orthodox Church.
  * May 1 – Publication of Maurice Maeterlinck's The Life of the Bee in Belgium.
  * May 6 – Swedish dramatist August Strindberg, 52, marries his third wife, the Swedish-Norwegian actress Harriet Bosse, 23, after an engagement in March during rehearsals for his play Easter (Påsk).
  * May 25 – Chekhov marries Olga Knipper in a quiet ceremony.
  * May 28 – Cherry v. Des Moines Leader is decided in the Iowa Supreme Court, upholding the right to publish critical reviews.
  * June 28 – G. K. Chesterton marries Frances Blogg at St Mary Abbots, Kensington.
  * July – The first modern performances of Everyman, the 15th-century morality play, are given by William Poel's Elizabethan Stage Society outdoors at the Charterhouse in London.
  * July 24 – O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio after serving three years for embezzlement.
  * October
     * Thomas Mann's first novel, Buddenbrooks, is published in Berlin.
     * The Irish Literary Theatre project gives its final performance.
  * October 23 – Mark Twain receives an honorary doctorate of literature from Yale University. In the same month he moves to Riverdale, New York.
  * December 2 – The Romanian literary review Sămănătorul is founded.
  * December 10 – The first Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded, to French poet Sully Prudhomme.
  * unknown date – World's Classics series of publications is founded by Grant Richards in England.
  
  ## New books
  
  ### Fiction
  
  * Ignacio Manuel Altamirano – El Zarco
  * Leonid Andreyev – «повести» (stories)
  * E.F. Benson – The Luck of the Vails
  * René Boylesve – La Becquée
  * Samuel Butler – Erewhon Revisited
  * Hall Caine – The Eternal City
  * Winston Churchill – The Crisis
  * Colette – Claudine à Paris
  * Joseph Conrad and Ford Madox Ford – The Inheritors
  * Victoria Cross – Anna Lombard
  * Patrick S. Dinneen – Cormac Ó Conaill (first novel in Irish published complete in book form)
  * George Douglas – The House with the Green Shutters
  * Miles Franklin – My Brilliant Career
  * Géza Gárdonyi – A láthatatlan ember (The Invisible Man)
  * George Griffith – A Honeymoon in Space
  * Henry James – The Sacred Fount
  * Johannes V. Jensen – The Fall of the King
  * Rudyard Kipling – Kim
  * Jean Lorrain
     * Monsieur de Phocas
     * Le Vice errant
  * George Barr McCutcheon – Graustark: The Story of a Love Behind a Throne
  * Thomas Mann – Buddenbrooks
  * George Moore – Sister Theresa
  * Frank Norris – The Octopus
  * Charles-Louis Philippe – Bubu de Montparnasse
  * Luigi Pirandello – L'Esclusa (The Excluded Woman)
  * Liane de Pougy – Idylle Saphique
  * José Maria de Eça de Queiroz – A Cidade e as Serras
  * M. P. Shiel
     * Lord of the Sea
     * The Purple Cloud
  * Bram Stoker and Valdimar Ásmundsson – Makt Myrkranna (Powers of Darkness, Icelandic language adaptation of Stoker's Dracula)
  * Rabindranath Tagore – Nastanirh (নষ্টনীড়, The Broken Nest)
  * William Alexander Taylor – Intermere
  * Jules Verne
     * The Sea Serpent (Les Histoires de Jean-Marie Cabidoulin)
     * The Village in the Treetops (Le Village aérien)
  * H. G. Wells – The First Men in the Moon
  * Émile Zola – Travail
  
  ### Children and young people
  
  * John Kendrick Bangs – Mr. Munchausen
  * L. Frank Baum
     * American Fairy Tales
     * The Master Key
     * Dot and Tot of Merryland
  * Evelyn Everett-Green – True Stories of Girl Heroines
  * Mary Catherine Judd, illustrated by Angel De Cora – Wigwam stories
  
  ### Drama
  
  * Gabriele D'Annunzio – Francesca da Rimini
  * J. M. Barrie – Quality Street
  * Roberto Bracco – Lost in the Dark (Sperduti nel buio)
  * Hall Caine – The Eternal City
  * Anton Chekhov – Three Sisters
  * Clyde Fitch – The Climbers
  * Haralamb Lecca – Quinta. Suprema forță
  * Wilhelm Meyer-Förster – Old Heidelberg (Alt Heidelberg)
  * Louis N. Parker – The Cardinal
  * August Strindberg – A Dream Play (Ett drömspel, published)
  * Stanisław Wyspiański
     * Warszawianka (Varsovian Anthem, stage première)
     * The Wedding (Wesele)
  
  ### Poetry
  
  * Henry Ames Blood – Selected Poems of Henry Ames Blood
  * Maxim Gorky – The Song of the Stormy Petrel (Песня о Буревестнике)
  * Thomas Hardy – Poems of the Past and the Present
  * Akiko Yosano (与謝野 晶子) – Midaregami (みだれ髪, Tangled Hair)
  
  ### Non-fiction
  
  * Annie Besant, Charles Webster Leadbeater – Thought-Forms: A Record of Clairvoyant Investigation
  * Sigmund Freud – The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (Zur Psychopathologie des Alltagslebens)
  * Seebohm Rowntree – Poverty, A Study of Town Life
  * Edith Helen Sichel – Women and Men of the French Renaissance
  * Rudolf Steiner – Die Mystik im Aufgange des neuzeitlichen Geisteslebens, und ihr Verhältnis zur modernen Weltan-schauung (Mysticism at the Dawn of Modern Spiritual Life, and its Relationship with Modern World-views)
  * A. E. Waite – The Life of Louis Claude de Saint-Martin
  * Booker T. Washington – Up from Slavery
  * H. G. Wells – Anticipations of the Reaction of Mechanical and Scientific Progress Upon Human Life and Thought
  
  ## Births
  
  * January 31 – Marie Luise Kaschnitz (Marie Luise von Holzing-Berslett), German story writer, novelist and poet (died 1974)
  * February 13 – Lewis Grassic Gibbon (James Leslie Mitchell), Scottish novelist (died 1935)
  * February 23 – Ivar Lo-Johansson, Swedish novelist and journalist (died 1990)
  * March 4 (or 1903) – Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo (Joseph-Casimir Rabearivelo), Malagasy Francophone poet (suicide 1937)
  * April 10 – Anna Kavan (Helen Emily Woods, Helen Ferguson), French-born English novelist and short story writer (died 1968)
  * May 1 – Antal Szerb, Hungarian writer (died 1945)
  * May 15 – Xavier Herbert, Australian novelist (died 1984)
  * June 1 – John Van Druten, English-born American dramatist (died 1957)
  * June 23 – Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish novelist and essayist (died 1962)
  * July 9 – Barbara Cartland, English romantic novelist, historian and playwright (died 2000)
  * July 20 – Dilys Powell, English film critic (died 1995)
  * July 25 – Ruth Krauss, American children's author and poet (died 1993)
  * August 10 – Sergio Frusoni, Cape Verde poet and promoter of Cape Verdean Creole language (died 1975)
  * August 17 – Heðin Brú, Faroese fiction writer and translator (died 1987)
  * August 20 – Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian poet and translator (died 1968)
  * October 25 – Samuil Lehtțir, Soviet Moldovan poet, critic and literary theorist (shot 1937)
  * November 3 – André Malraux, French author (died 1976)
  * November 4 – Ernest Elmore (John Bude), English crime writer and theatre director (died 1957)
  * December 9 – Ödön von Horváth, Austro-Hungarian dramatist and novelist (died 1938)
  * December 16 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist and author (died 1978)
  
  ## Deaths
  
  * January 1 – Ignatius L. Donnelly, American politician and writer (born 1831)
  * January 14 – Víctor Balaguer, Catalan Spanish dramatist and poet (born 1824)
  * January 17 – Frederic W. H. Myers, British poet (born 1843)
  * January 26 – Grigore Sturdza, Moldavian and Romanian adventurer, literary sponsor and philosopher (pneumonia, born 1821)
  * February 2 – John Cordy Jeaffreson, English novelist and non-fiction writer (born 1831)
  * February 7 – Rowena Granice Steele, first female novelist in California (born 1824)
  * February 15 – Maurice Thompson, American novelist (born 1844)
  * February 18 – Anna Gardner, American author, abolitionist, teacher, reformer (born 1816)
  * March 19 – Philippe Gille, French dramatist (born 1831)
  * April 6 – George Murray Smith, English publisher (born 1824)
  * April 10 — Harriet Newell Kneeland Goff, reformer and author (born 1828)
  * April 12 – Louis Auguste Sabatier, French theologian (born 1839)
  * April 26 – Harriett Ellen Grannis Arey, American educator, author, editor, and publisher (born 1819)
  * May 24 – Charlotte Mary Yonge, English novelist (born 1823)
  * June 4 – Charlotte Fowler Wells, American phrenologist and publisher (born 1814)
  * June 5 – Dagny Juel, Norwegian writer and artists' model (shot, born 1867)
  * June 9 – Walter Besant, English novelist and historian (born 1836)
  * June 10 – Robert Williams Buchanan, Scottish poet, novelist and dramatist (born 1841)
  * July 7 – Johanna Spyri, Swiss children's writer (born 1827)
  * July 18 – Jan ten Brink, Dutch novelist (born 1834)
  * July 20 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (born 1840)
  * July 27 – Brooke Foss Westcott, English theologian (born 1825)
  * August 4 – Harriet Pritchard Arnold, American author (born 1858)
  * August 9 – Vishnudas Bhave, Indian dramatist (unknown birth year)
  * October 28 – Paul Rée, German author and philosopher (born 1849)
  * October 31 – Julien Leclercq, French Symbolist poet and art critic (born 1865)
  * November 6 – Kate Greenaway, English children's illustrator and writer (born 1846)
  * November 21 – V. A. Urechia, Romanian historian, writer and politician (born 1834)
  * December 28 – Mary K. Buck, Bohemian-born American author (born 1849)
  
  ## Awards
  
  * Nobel Prize for Literature: Sully Prudhomme
  