title: 1988 United Nations Security Council election
text: # 1988 United Nations Security Council election
  
  The 1988 United Nations Security Council election was held on 26 October 1988 during the Forty-third session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Canada, Colombia, Ethiopia, Finland, and Malaysia, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1989.
  
  ## Rules
  
  The Security Council has 15 seats, filled by five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. Each year, half of the non-permanent members are elected for two-year terms. A sitting member may not immediately run for re-election.
  
  In accordance with the rules whereby the ten non-permanent UNSC seats rotate among the various regional blocs into which UN member states traditionally divide themselves for voting and representation purposes, the five available seats are allocated as follows:
  
  * One for African countries (held by Zambia)
  * One for countries from the Asian Group (now called the Asia-Pacific Group) (held by Japan)
  * One for Latin America and the Caribbean (held by Argentina)
  * Two for the Western European and Others Group (held by Italy and West Germany)
  
  To be elected, a candidate must receive a two-thirds majority of those present and voting. If the vote is inconclusive after the first round, three rounds of restricted voting shall take place, followed by three rounds of unrestricted voting, and so on, until a result has been obtained. In restricted voting, only official candidates may be voted on, while in unrestricted voting, any member of the given regional group, with the exception of current Council members, may be voted on.
  
  ## Result
  
  Voting was conducted on a single ballot. Ballots containing more states from a certain region than seats allocated to that region were invalidated. Following the first round, the representatives of Bangladesh withdrew their candidacy.
  
  | Member | Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 3 |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | Colombia | 154 | — | — |
  | Ethiopia | 144 | — | — |
  | Canada | 127 | — | — |
  | Malaysia | 104 | 143 | — |
  | Finland | 100 | 99 | 110 |
  | Greece | 77 | 56 | 47 |
  | Bangladesh | 55 | 5 | — |
  | Somalia | 3 | — | — |
  | Cuba | 2 | — | — |
  | Bahamas | 1 | — | — |
  | Mauritius | 1 | — | — |
  | Sudan | 1 | — | — |
  | abstentions | 0 | 0 | 0 |
  | invalid ballots | 0 | 0 | 1 |
  | required majority | 105 | 106 | 105 |
  | ballot papers | 157 | 158 | 158 |
  