title: List of near threatened molluscs
text: # List of near threatened molluscs
  
  * Extinct in the wild (EW): 13 species
  * Critically endangered (CR): 581 species
  * Endangered (EN): 507 species
  * Vulnerable (VU): 879 species
  * Near threatened (NT, LR/cd): 535 species
  * Least concern (LC): 2,437 species
  * Data deficient (DD): 1,988 species
  * 6941 extant species have been evaluated
  * 4953 of those are fully assessed
  * 2972 are not threatened at present
  * 1967 to 3955 are threatened
  * 324 to 441 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
     * 311 extinct (EX) species
     * 13 extinct in the wild (EW)
     * 117 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
     * 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  
  In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 535 near threatened mollusc species. Of all evaluated mollusc species, 7.4% are listed as near threatened. The IUCN also lists nine mollusc subspecies as near threatened.
  
  No subpopulations of molluscs have been evaluated by the IUCN.
  
  This is a complete list of near threatened mollusc species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN.
  
  ## Gastropods
  
  There are 477 species and four subspecies of gastropod assessed as near threatened.
  
  ### Stylommatophora
  
  Stylommatophora includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 250 species and four subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as near threatened.
  
  **Zonitids**
  
  * Paravitrea clappi
  * Trochomorpha corallina
  * Trochomorpha fessonia
  * Trochomorpha luedersi
  * Trochomorpha melvillensis
  * Zonites anaphiensis
  
  **Clausiliids**
  
  Species
  
  * Boettgeria crispa
  * Charpentieria dyodon
  * Muticaria macrostoma
  
  Subspecies
  
  * Alopia bielzii clathrata
  * Macrogastra lineolata euzieriana
  
  **Helminthoglyptids**
  
  * Morongo desert snail (Eremarionta morongoana)
  * Victorville shoulderband (Helminthoglypta mohaveana)
  * Sonorella allynsmithi
  * Sonorella christenseni
  * San Xavier talus snail (Sonorella eremita)
  * Sonorella grahamensis
  * Sonorella macrophallus
  * Franklin Mountain talus snail (Sonorella metcalfi)
  * Sonorella todseni
  
  **Camaenids**
  
  Species
  
  * Amphidromus cognatus
  * Amplirhagada montalivetensis
  * Barrington tops bristle snail (Austrochloritis ascensa)
  * Baudinella baudinensis
  * Macleay's single-banded snail (Bentosites macleayi)
  * Cooperconcha centralis
  * Cristilabrum spectaculum
  * Cupedora broughami
  * Cupedora luteofusca
  * Cupedora marcidum
  * Cupedora sutilosa
  * Cupedora tomsetti
  * Dirutrachia sublevata
  * Mount lewis keeled snail (Forrestena delicata)
  * Glyptorhagada janaslini
  * Granulomelon arcigerens
  * Granulomelon grandituberculatum
  * Granulomelon squamulosum
  * Atherton tableland keeled snail (Jacksonena rudis)
  * Lacustrelix minor
  * Lacustrelix yerelinana
  * Mossman gorge treesnail (Meliobba shafferyi)
  * Hacking river forest snail (Meridolum marshalli)
  * Mesodontrachia fitzroyana
  * Ordtrachia australis
  * Ordtrachia septentrionalis
  * Mottled treesnail (Papuexul bidwilli)
  * Emerald green snail (Papustyla pulcherrima)
  * Pleuroxia italowiana
  * Border Ranges treesnail (Posorites turneri)
  * Tinaroo red-striped snail (Protolinitis pusilla)
  * Semotrachia winneckeana
  * Rockhampton banded snail (Sphaerospira rockhamptonensis)
  * Temporena whartoni
  * Torresitrachia funium
  * Trachiopsis victoriana
  * Vincentrachia desmonda
  
  Subspecies
  
  * Glyptorhagada wilkawillina umbilicata
  
  **Vertiginids**
  
  * Montapiculus pyramidalis
  * Truncatellina opisthodon
  * Truncatellina velkovrhi
  * Alabama vertigo (Vertigo alabamensis)
  * Narrow-mouthed whorl snail (Vertigo angustior)
  * Vertigo arctica
  * Vertigo arthuri
  * Vertigo hebardi
  * Vertigo hubricti
  * Vertigo lilljeborgi
  * Vertigo occulta
  * Vertigo ovata
  * Vertigo ultimathule
  
  **Cochlicellids**
  
  * Monilearia montigena
  * Monilearia multipunctata
  * Monilearia phalerata
  * Monilearia tubaeformis
  * Ripkeniella petrophila
  
  **Trissexodontids**
  
  * Gasullia gasulli
  * Gittenbergeria turriplana
  * Hatumia zapateri
  * Mastigophallus rangianus
  * Oestophora ebria
  * Oestophora ortizi
  * Oestophora prietoi
  * Suboestophora tarraconensis
  
  **Helicids**
  
  * Allognathus pyrenaicus
  * Arianta hessei
  * Arianta schmidtii
  * Arianta stenzii
  * Cattania ardica
  * Cattania maranajensis
  * Cattania petrovici
  * Chilostoma achates
  * Chilostoma acrotricha
  * Chilostoma ambrosi
  * Chilostoma crinita
  * Chilostoma denudata
  * Chilostoma euboeae
  * Chilostoma fuchsi
  * Chilostoma pentheri
  * Chilostoma sztolcmani
  * Chilostoma zebiana
  * Chilostoma ziegleri
  * Faustina rossmaessleri
  * Hemicycla bethencourtiana
  * Hemicycla diegoi
  * Hemicycla glyceia
  * Hemicycla incisogranulata
  * Hemicycla laurijona
  * Hemicycla quadricincta
  * Hemicycla saponacea
  * Iberus alonensis
  * Iberus carthaginiensis
  * Marmorana saxetana
  * Marmorana signata
  * Superba grisea
  * Superba kulmakana
  * Superba reischuetzi
  * Theba clausoinflata
  
  **Hygromiids**
  
  Species
  
  * Actinella anaglyptica
  * Canariella discobolus
  * Canariella squamata
  * Canariella tillieri
  * Candidula castriota
  * Candidula cavannae
  * Candidula ultima
  * Cernuella hydrutina
  * Cernuella lampedusae
  * Discula attrita
  * Discula cheiranthicola
  * Disculella compar
  * Helicella orzai
  * Helicopsis conopsis
  * Hystricella bicarinata
  * Hystricella oxytropis
  * Lemniscia michaudi
  * Monacha consona
  * Monacha gregaria
  * Monacha orsinii
  * Monacha oshanovae
  * Monacha ovularis
  * Monacha venusta
  * Monachoides kosovoensis
  * Montserratina bofilliana
  * Petasina subtecta
  * Plentuisa vendia
  * Pyrenaearia carascalopsis
  * Schileykiella parlatoris
  * Schileykiella reinae
  * Thyrreniellina josephi
  * Trochoidea cumiae
  * Trochoidea liebetruti
  * Trochulus ataxiacus
  * Trochulus caelatus
  * Trochulus graminicola
  * Trochulus oreinos
  * Urticicola mounierensis
  * Xerocrassa cisternasi
  * Xerocrassa ebusitana
  * Xerocrassa ferreri
  * Xerocrassa jimenensis
  * Xerocrassa molinae
  * Xerocrassa nyeli
  * Xerocrassa prietoi
  * Xerocrassa turolensis
  * Xerolenta depulsa
  * Xerotricha huidobroi
  * Xerotricha zaratei
  
  Subspecies
  
  * Xerocrassa montserratensis betulonensis
  
  **Vitrinids**
  
  * Oligolimax apatelus
  * Phenacolimax major
  * Plutonia canariensis
  * Plutonia christinae
  * Plutonia cuticula
  * Plutonia emmersoni
  * Plutonia mascaensis
  * Plutonia parryi
  * Plutonia tuberculata
  * Vitrinobrachium baccettii
  
  **Chondrinids**
  
  * Abida gittenbergeri
  * Abida vergniesiana
  * Chondrina altimirai
  * Chondrina arigonis
  * Chondrina bergomensis
  * Chondrina falkneri
  * Chondrina granatensis
  * Chondrina ripkeni
  * Rupestrella rupestris
  * Insular birddrop (Sterkia clementina)
  
  **Enids**
  
  * Chondrula lugorensis
  * Euchondrus limbodentatus
  * Mastus emarginatus
  * Napaeus avaloensis
  * Napaeus beguirae
  * Napaeus consecoanus
  * Napaeus huttereri
  * Napaeus maculatus
  * Napaeus orientalis
  * Napaeus procerus
  * Napaeus tafadaensis
  * Napaeus voggenreiteri
  * Peristoma merduenianum
  * Peristoma rupestre
  * Rhabdoena mirifica
  * Rhabdoena stokesi
  * Rhabdoena zasiensis
  * Turanena carpathia
  * Turanena katerinae
  
  **Argnids**
  
  * Agardhiella banatica
  * Agardhiella crassilabris
  * Agardhiella dabovici
  * Agardhiella grossui
  * Agardhiella langaleta
  * Agardhiella pirotana
  * Agardhiella reinhardti
  * Agardhiella serbica
  
  **Other Stylommatophora species**
  
  * Allocharopa okeana
  * Allocharopa tarravillensis
  * Granulated Tasmanian snail (Anoglypta launcestonensis)
  * Franklin Mountain woodland snail (Ashmunella pasonis)
  * Atlantica scutula
  * Beckianum sinistrum
  * Sandbowl snail (Catinella arenaria)
  * Craterodiscus pricei
  * Deroceras vascoanum
  * Drepanostoma nautiliforme
  * Gonospira bourguignati
  * Gyliotrachela catherina
  * Helicodiscus diadema
  * Helicodiscus hexodon
  * Leiostyla calathiscus
  * Leiostyla degenerata
  * Leiostyla relevata
  * Leptinaria strebeliana
  * Malacolimax wiktori
  * Orcula pseudodolium
  * Orcula wagneri
  * Orculella templorum
  * Oxychilus basajauna
  * Pachnodus silhouettanus
  * Papilloderma altonagai
  * Kauri snail (Paryphanta busbyi)
  * Pillomena aemula
  * Polygyra hippocrepis
  * Strange many-whorled land snail (Polygyra peregrina)
  * Powelliphanta marchantii
  * Pupilla ficulnea
  * Pupisoma sp. 1
  * Setomedea nudicostata
  * Soosia diodonta
  * Plaited snail (Spermodea lamellata)
  * Succinea sanctaehelenae
  * Keeled snail (Tasmaphena lamproides)
  * Vallonia declivis
  * Victaphanta atramentaria
  
  ### Littorinimorpha
  
  There are 115 species in the order Littorinimorpha assessed as near threatened.
  
  **Hydrobiids**
  
  * Alzoniella braccoensis
  * Alzoniella hartwigschuetti
  * Alzoniella macrostoma
  * Alzoniella manganellii
  * Alzoniella microstoma
  * Alzoniella montana
  * Alzoniella rolani
  * Alzoniella sigestra
  * Austropyrgus colensis
  * Austropyrgus foris
  * Austropyrgus grampianensis
  * Austropyrgus nepeanensis
  * Avenionia berenguieri
  * Avenionia parvula
  * Avenionia roberti
  * Belgrandia boscae
  * Belgrandia gibba
  * Belgrandia heussi
  * Belgrandiella dabriana
  * Belgrandiella libanica
  * Bythinella badensis
  * Bythinella hansboetersi
  * Bythiospeum alpinum
  * Bythiospeum diaphanoides
  * Bythiospeum diaphanum
  * Bythiospeum puerkhaueri
  * Bythiospeum transsylvanica
  * Bythiospeum vallei
  * Catapyrgus fraterculus
  * Chilopyrgula sturanyi
  * Chondrobasis levantina
  * Dabriana bosniaca
  * Fissuria boui
  * Fissuria planospira
  * Fissuria raehlei
  * Fluviopupa gracilis
  * Fluviopupa ramsayi
  * Fonscochlea zeidleri
  * Greenbrier cavesnail (Fontigens turritella)
  * Graziana papukensis
  * Hauffenia plana
  * Hauffenia subcarinata
  * Hemistomia gemma
  * Hydrobia accrensis
  * Hydrobia brondeli
  * Hydrobia lactea
  * Iglica giustii
  * Iglica hauffeni
  * Iglica luxurians
  * Iglica pezzolii
  * Iglica vobarnensis
  * Islamia gaiteri
  * Islamia globulus
  * Istriana mirnae
  * Lanzaia rudnicae
  * Lobogenes pusilla
  * Mercuria zopissa
  * Milesiana schuelei
  * Nanocochlea parva
  * Narentiana albida
  * Ochridopyrgula macedonica
  * Ohridohoratia pygmaea
  * Ohridohoratia sturanyi
  * Pachydrobiella brevis
  * Paladilhiopsis pretneri
  * Paladilhiopsis serbica
  * Paraprososthenia acicula
  * Paraprososthenia bollingi
  * Paraprososthenia brandti
  * Paraprososthenia jullei
  * Paraprososthenia taylori
  * Phreatica bolei
  * Potamopyrgus oscitans
  * Potamopyrgus troglodytes
  * Pseudamnicola falkneri
  * Bear Lake springsnail (Pyrgulopsis pilsbryana)
  * Huachuca springsnail (Pyrgulopsis thompsoni)
  * Radomaniola caputlacus
  * Sheitanok amidicus
  * Savannah pebblesnail (Somatogyrus tenax)
  * Sororipyrgus kutukutu
  * Sororipyrgus raki
  * Terranigra kosovica
  * Victodrobia victoriensis
  
  **Bithyniids**
  
  * Bithynia candiota
  * Gabbiella rosea
  * Pseudobithynia pentheri
  * Pseudobithynia westerlundii
  
  **Moitessieriids**
  
  * Moitessieria heideae
  * Moitessieria olleri
  * Paladilhia hungarica
  * Sardopaladilhia plagigeyerica
  * Spiralix vitrea
  
  **Assimineids**
  
  * Omphalotropis circumlineata
  * Omphalotropis zelriolata
  
  **Pomatiopsids**
  
  * Halewisia conica
  * Hubendickia gochenouri
  * Hubendickia microsculpta
  * Hubendickia polita
  * Hubendickia rolfbrandti
  * Hubendickia schlickumi
  * Hubendickia schuetti
  * Hubendickia subulata
  * Hubendickia tuberculata
  * Hubendickia turneri
  * Karelainia hydrorissoidea
  * Lacunopsis coronata
  * Lacunopsis fischerpiettei
  * Lacunopsis massiei
  * Pachydrobia harmandi
  * Pachydrobia incerta
  * Robertsiella kaporensis
  * Tomichia rogersi
  
  **Stenothyrids**
  
  * Stenothyra khongi
  * Stenothyra wykoffi
  
  ### Sorbeoconcha
  
  * Bridouxia ponsonbyi
  * Bridouxia praeclara
  * Brotia mariae
  * Cleopatra grandidieri
  * Spider elimia (Elimia arachnoidea)
  * Savannah elimia (Elimia caelatura)
  * Slowwater elimia (Elimia interveniens)
  * Carved elimia (Elimia plicatastriata)
  * File elimia (Elimia striatula)
  * Squat elimia (Elimia variata)
  * Topaz juga (Juga acutifilosa)
  * Lavigeria coronata
  * Geniculate river snail (Lithasia geniculata)
  * Madagasikara madagascariensis
  * Melanatria fluminea
  * Melanoides admirabilis
  * Melanoides nsendweensis
  * Melanoides polymorpha
  * Melanoides pupiformis
  * Melanoides turritispira
  * Melanopsis lorcana
  * Bottle hornsnail (Pleurocera gradata)
  * Skirted hornsnail (Pleurocera pyrenella)
  * Potadoma liricincta
  * Tanganyicia rufofilosa
  
  ### Architaenioglossa
  
  There are 41 species in the order Architaenioglossa assessed as near threatened.
  
  **Pupinids**
  
  * Pupina coxeni
  * Pupina pfeifferi
  
  **Diplommatinids**
  
  * Cochlostoma asturicum
  * Cochlostoma dalmatinum
  * Cochlostoma euboicum
  * Cochlostoma mostarensis
  * Cochlostoma obscurum
  * Cochlostoma pageti
  * Cochlostoma parnonis
  * Cochlostoma pinteri
  * Cochlostoma stossichi
  * Diplommatina lamellata
  * Diplommatina lutea
  * Moussonia fuscula
  * Palaina dimorpha
  * Palaina martensi
  * Plectostoma christae
  
  **Aciculids**
  
  * Acicula beneckei
  * Acicula disjuncta
  * Acicula hausdorfi
  * Acicula vezzanii
  * Menkia horsti
  * Platyla elisabethae
  * Platyla minutissima
  * Platyla orthostoma
  * Platyla pezzolii
  * Platyla sardoa
  * Platyla subdiaphana
  * Platyla talentii
  * Renea kobelti
  * Renea moutonii
  
  **Viviparids**
  
  * Bellamya costulata
  * Bellamya jucunda
  * Bellamya monardi
  * Bellamya rubicunda
  
  **Ampullariids**
  
  * Afropomus balanoidea
  * Lanistes elliptus
  * Lanistes stuhlmanni
  * Pomacea expansa
  
  **Craspedopomatids**
  
  * Craspedopoma hespericum
  * Craspedopoma monizianum
  
  ### Lower Heterobranchia species
  
  * Valvata rhabdota
  * Valvata stenotrema
  
  ### Cycloneritimorpha
  
  * Neritina natalensis
  * Neritina rubricata
  * Theodoxus anatolicus
  
  ### Hygrophila species
  
  * Biomphalaria smithi
  * Bulinus cernicus
  * Bulinus hightoni
  * Bulinus octaploidus
  * Burnupia crassistriata
  * Burnupia stuhlmanni
  * Ceratophallus crassus
  * Gyraulus lychnidicus
  * Lymnaea tumrokensis
  * Mud snail (Omphiscola glabra)
  * Stimulator consetti
  * Stagnicola montenegrinus
  
  ### Neogastropoda
  
  There are 29 species in the order Neogastropoda assessed as near threatened.
  
  **Buccinids**
  
  * Ranella olearia
  * Ranella parthenopaeum
  
  **Muricids**
  
  * Latiaxis babelis
  
  **Conids**
  
  * Conus atlanticoselvagem
  * Golden cone (Conus aurantius)
  * Conus boschorum
  * Conus cardinalis
  * Conus curassaviensis
  * Conus curralensis
  * Conus denizi
  * Conus derrubado
  * Conus diminutus
  * Conus dorotheae
  * Conus evorai
  * Conus explorator
  * Conus gauguini
  * Conus josephinae
  * Conus kersteni
  * Kirk Ander's cone (Conus kirkandersi)
  * Conus luquei
  * Conus navarroi
  * Conus nielsenae
  * Conus nobrei
  * Conus saragasae
  * Conus taslei
  * Conus terryni
  * Conus trencarti
  * Conus trochulus
  * Conus zebroides
  
  ## Bivalvia
  
  There are 57 species and five subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as near threatened.
  
  ### Unionida
  
  There are 49 species and five subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as near threatened.
  
  **Unionids**
  
  Species
  
  * Actinonaias pectorosa
  * Amphinaias asperata
  * Amphinaias houstonensis
  * Amphinaias refulgens
  * Anodonta vescoiana
  * Rayed creekshell (Anodontoides radiatus)
  * Coelatura hypsiprymna
  * Cyclonaias tuberculata
  * Ellipsaria lineolata
  * Elliptio ahenea
  * Elliptio congaraea
  * Elliptio dariensis
  * Yellow lance (Elliptio lanceolata)
  * Fluted elephantear (Elliptio mcmichaeli)
  * Altamaha lance (Elliptio shepardiana)
  * Fusconaia askewi
  * Tapered pigtoe (Fusconaia burkei)
  * Fusconaia infucata
  * Southern sandshell (Hamiota australis)
  * Lampsilis bracteata
  * Lampsilis cardium
  * Waccamaw fatmucket (Lampsilis fullerkati)
  * Lampsilis ovata
  * Orangenacre mucket (Lampsilis perovalis)
  * Lampsilis satura
  * Leguminaia wheatleyi
  * Scale shell (Leptodea leptodon)
  * Tidewater mucket (Leptodea ochracea)
  * Ligumia nasuta
  * Medionidus conradicus
  * Obovaria subrotunda
  * Obovaria unicolor
  * Oxynaia jourdyi
  * Ohio pigtoe (Pleurobema cordatum)
  * Pleurobema riddellii
  * Pyramid pigtoe (Pleurobema rubrum)
  * Ptychobranchus occidentalis
  * Ptychobranchus subtentum
  * Ptychorhynchus pfisteri
  * Inflated floater (Pyganodon gibbosa)
  * Rabbitsfoot (Quadrula cylindrica)
  * Salamander mussel (Simpsonaias ambigua)
  * Alabama creekmussel (Strophitus connasaugaensis)
  * Strophitus subvexus
  * Unio delphinus
  * Unio mancus
  * Choctaw bean (Villosa choctawensis)
  
  Subspecies
  
  * Lampsilis reeviana brevicula
  * Lampsilis straminea claibornensis
  * Lampsilis straminea straminea
  * Lasmigona complanata alabamensis
  * Quadrula cylindrica cylindrica
  
  **Hyriids**
  
  * Southern river mussel (Hyridella narracanensis)
  * South Esk freshwater mussel (Velesunio moretonicus)
  
  ### Cardiida
  
  * Bear paw clam (Hippopus hippopus)
  * China clam (Hippopus porcellanus)
  * Maxima clam (Tridacna maxima)
  * Fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa)
  
  ### Venerida
  
  * Dreissena presbensis
  * Pisidium montigenum
  * Sphaerium austeni
  * Sphaerium solidum
  
  ## Cephalopods
  
  * Giant Australian cuttlefish (Sepia apama)
  