title: Bar-Rakib inscriptions
text: # Bar-Rakib inscriptions
  
  The Bar-Rakib inscriptions are a group of 8th-century BC steles, or fragments of steles, of King Bar-Rakib, from Sam'al.
  
  The inscriptions were discovered during the 1888–1911 German Oriental Society expeditions led by Felix von Luschan and Robert Koldewey.
  
  Their Aramaic inscriptions are written in Luwian-style raised characters, and represent some of the first known inscriptions to use Imperial Aramaic. Older inscriptions found at Sam'al were written in the "Samalian language" or the Phoenician language.
  
  ## Table
  
  | Name | Current location | Description | First published |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | Bar Rakib I (KAI 216) | Museum of the Ancient Orient | Twenty lines, recounting the construction of the second palace between 732 and 727 B.C.E. | 1891 |
  | Bar Rakib II (KAI 218) | Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin, VA 02817 | Short inscription that states, "My lord is Baal Harran. I am Bar Rakkib, son of Panamu." | 1891 |
  | Bar Rakib III (KAI 219) | Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin | Three small fragments | 1891 |
  | Bar Rakib IV (KAI 220) | Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin | Three small fragments | 1891 |
  | Bar Rakib V (KAI 221) | Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin | Three small fragments | 1891 |
  | Bar Rakib VIII (KAI 217) | Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin, S 06581 | Incomplete fragment of nine lines; at the right, a bearded man holds a drinking vessel and a fan. Symbols of deity appear at the top. In the inscription, Bar Rakkib declares his loyalty to Tiglath Pileser, "lord of the four quarters of the earth," and expresses the favor shown to him by the god Rakkab El. | 1891 |
  
  ## Gallery
  
  * Bar-Rakib silver ingot in the British Museum (BM 134918)
  