title: Electoral results for the Division of Hawker
text: # Electoral results for the Division of Hawker
  
  This is a list of electoral results for the Division of Hawker in Australian federal elections from the division's creation in 1969 until its abolition in 1993.
  
  ## Members
  
  | Member | Party | Term |
  | - | - | - |
  | Ralph Jacobi | Labor | 1969–1987 |
  | Elizabeth Harvey | Labor | 1987–1990 |
  | Chris Gallus | Liberal | 1990–1993 |
  
  ## Election results
  
  ### Elections in the 1990s
  
  **1990**
  
  1990 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Liberal | Chris Gallus | 28,348 | 43.1 | -0.8 |
  | | Labor | Elizabeth Harvey | 26,641 | 40.5 | -5.7 |
  | | Democrats | Elizabeth Williams | 8,362 | 12.7 | +5.8 |
  | | Call to Australia | Reg Macey | 1,266 | 1.9 | +1.9 |
  | | Grey Power | Glen Bottam | 702 | 1.1 | +1.1 |
  | | Democratic Socialist | Kathy Ragless | 477 | 0.7 | +0.7 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 65,796 | 96.7 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,270 | 3.3 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 68,066 | 95.8 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Liberal | Chris Gallus | 32,845 | 50.0 | -1.2 |
  | | Labor | Elizabeth Harvey | 32,831 | 50.0 | +1.2 |
  | | Liberal gain from Labor | Liberal gain from Labor | Swing | +1.2 | |
  
  ### Elections in the 1980s
  
  **1987**
  
  1987 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Elizabeth Harvey | 29,560 | 46.2 | -3.0 |
  | | Liberal | Kim Jacobs | 28,116 | 43.9 | +2.4 |
  | | Democrats | Graham Pamount | 4,439 | 6.9 | -0.8 |
  | | National | David Dwyer | 1,203 | 1.9 | +0.2 |
  | | Unite Australia | Keith Draper | 719 | 1.1 | +1.1 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 64,037 | 94.1 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,991 | 5.9 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 68,028 | 93.6 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Elizabeth Harvey | 32,782 | 51.2 | -2.2 |
  | | Liberal | Kim Jacobs | 31,243 | 48.8 | +2.2 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | -2.2 | |
  
  **1984**
  
  1984 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 30,956 | 49.2 | -0.2 |
  | | Liberal | Charles Campbell | 26,101 | 41.5 | +0.0 |
  | | Democrats | Graham Pamount | 4,852 | 7.7 | +0.9 |
  | | National | Thomas Correll | 1,045 | 1.7 | +1.7 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 62,954 | 92.4 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 5,171 | 7.6 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 68,125 | 94.6 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 33,594 | 53.4 | -1.2 |
  | | Liberal | Charles Campbell | 29,341 | 46.6 | +1.2 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | -1.2 | |
  
  **1983**
  
  1983 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 36,483 | 52.1 | +2.7 |
  | | Liberal | Bruce Harry | 27,211 | 38.8 | -3.5 |
  | | Democrats | Graham Pamount | 4,792 | 6.8 | -1.5 |
  | | Socialist Workers | John Garcia | 1,568 | 2.2 | +2.2 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 70,054 | 97.5 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,769 | 2.5 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 71,823 | 93.8 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | | 57.3 | +3.5 |
  | | Liberal | Bruce Harry | | 42.7 | -3.5 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +3.5 | |
  
  **1980**
  
  1980 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 34,066 | 49.4 | +4.6 |
  | | Liberal | Mark Hanckel | 29,187 | 42.3 | -1.7 |
  | | Democrats | Kenneth Johnson | 5,720 | 8.3 | -1.9 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 68,973 | 97.7 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,590 | 2.3 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 70,563 | 94.7 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 37,073 | 53.8 | +3.2 |
  | | Liberal | Mark Hanckel | 31,900 | 46.2 | -3.2 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +3.2 | |
  
  ### Elections in the 1970s
  
  **1977**
  
  1977 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 31,685 | 44.8 | -2.2 |
  | | Liberal | Steele Hall | 31,062 | 44.0 | -2.4 |
  | | Democrats | Bruce Miels | 7,190 | 10.2 | +10.2 |
  | | Independent | Warren Wallace | 724 | 1.0 | +1.0 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 70,661 | 97.0 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,206 | 3.0 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 72,867 | 94.3 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 35,760 | 50.6 | +2.0 |
  | | Liberal | Steele Hall | 34,901 | 49.4 | -2.0 |
  | | Labor notional gain from Liberal | Labor notional gain from Liberal | Swing | +2.0 | |
  
  Ralph Jacobi (Labor) was the sitting member, however the effect of the 1977 redistribution was to give the Liberals a notional majority of 1.4%.
  
  **1975**
  
  1975 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 29,036 | 49.4 | -6.2 |
  | | Liberal | Craig Speil | 25,842 | 44.0 | +12.9 |
  | | Liberal Movement | Stewart Leggett | 3,890 | 6.6 | -5.2 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 58,768 | 97.9 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,291 | 2.1 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 60,059 | 96.5 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 29,974 | 51.0 | -9.2 |
  | | Liberal | Craig Speil | 28,794 | 49.0 | +9.2 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | -9.2 | |
  
  **1974**
  
  1974 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 31,735 | 55.6 | -0.9 |
  | | Liberal | Henry Winter | 17,717 | 31.1 | -5.6 |
  | | Liberal Movement | Peter Holder | 6,744 | 11.8 | +11.8 |
  | | Australia | Phillip Vickery | 849 | 1.5 | +1.5 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 57,045 | 97.5 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,481 | 2.5 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 58,526 | 96.3 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | | 60.2 | +1.3 |
  | | Liberal | Henry Winter | | 39.8 | -1.3 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +1.3 | |
  
  **1972**
  
  1972 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 29,778 | 56.5 | +0.7 |
  | | Liberal | Phyllis Rogers | 19,323 | 36.7 | -1.0 |
  | | Independent | John Steele | 1,859 | 3.5 | +3.5 |
  | | Democratic Labor | James Kiley | 1,754 | 3.3 | -0.7 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 52,714 | 97.7 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,229 | 2.3 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 53,943 | 96.2 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | | 58.9 | +1.0 |
  | | Liberal | Phyllis Rogers | | 41.1 | -1.0 |
  | | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | +1.0 | |
  
  ### Elections in the 1960s
  
  **1969**
  
  1969 Australian federal election: Hawker :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | 28,305 | 55.8 | +12.1 |
  | | Liberal | Alan Hickinbotham | 19,086 | 37.7 | -13.5 |
  | | Democratic Labor | Kathleen Anderson | 2,020 | 4.0 | -1.1 |
  | | Australia | Malcolm Hawkins | 1,272 | 2.5 | +2.5 |
  | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 50,683 | 97.2 | |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,486 | 2.8 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 52,169 | 96.3 | |
  | Two-party-preferred result ||||||
  | | Labor | Ralph Jacobi | | 57.9 | +13.7 |
  | | Liberal | Alan Hickinbotham | | 42.1 | -13.7 |
  | | Labor notional gain from Liberal | Labor notional gain from Liberal | Swing | +13.7 | |
  