title: Rosenheim (electoral district)
text: # Rosenheim (electoral district)
  
  Rosenheim is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 222. It is located in southern Bavaria, comprising the city of Rosenheim and the Landkreis Rosenheim district.
  
  Rosenheim was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2005, it has been represented by Daniela Ludwig of the Christian Social Union (CSU).
  
  ## Geography
  
  Rosenheim is located in southern Bavaria. As of the 2021 federal election, it comprises the independent city of Rosenheim and the district of Landkreis Rosenheim.
  
  ## History
  
  Rosenheim was created in 1949. In the 1949 election, it was Bavaria constituency 10 in the numbering system. In the 1953 through 1961 elections, it was number 205. In the 1965 through 1976 elections, it was number 210. In the 1980 through 1998 elections, it was number 209. In the 2002 and 2005 elections, it was number 224. In the 2009 and 2013 elections, it was number 223. Since the 2017 election, it has been number 222.
  
  Originally, the constituency comprised the independent city of Rosenheim and the districts of Landkreis Rosenheim, Bad Aibling, and Ebersberg. In the 1976 election, it comprised the city of Rosenheim and the districts of Landkreis Rosenheim and Ebersberg. It acquired its current borders in the 1980 election.
  
  | Election | No. | Name | Borders |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1949 | 10 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1953 | 205 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1957 | 205 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1961 | 205 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1965 | 210 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1969 | 210 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1972 | 210 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Bad Aibling district Ebersberg district |
  | 1976 | 210 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district Ebersberg district |
  | 1980 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 1983 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 1987 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 1990 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 1994 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 1998 | 209 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2002 | 224 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2005 | 224 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2009 | 223 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2013 | 223 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2017 | 222 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  | 2021 | 222 | Rosenheim | Rosenheim city Landkreis Rosenheim district |
  
  ## Members
  
  The constituency has been held by the Christian Social Union (CSU) during all but one Bundestag term since its creation. It was first represented by Hugo Decker of the Bavaria Party (BP) from 1949 to 1953. Ludwig Franz of the CSU won it in 1953 and served until 1976. He was succeeded by Hans Graf Huyn, who was representative until 1987. Wolfgang Zeitlmann then served from 1987 to 2005. Daniela Ludwig was elected in 2005, and re-elected in 2009, 2013, 2017, and 2021.
  
  | Election | Member | Party | % |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | 1949 | Hugo Decker | BP | 30.4 |
  | 1953 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 41.9 |
  | 1957 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 53.9 |
  | 1961 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 55.9 |
  | 1965 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 59.0 |
  | 1969 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 55.6 |
  | 1972 | Ludwig Franz | CSU | 57.9 |
  | 1976 | Hans Graf Huyn | CSU | 62.6 |
  | 1980 | Hans Graf Huyn | CSU | 62.5 |
  | 1983 | Hans Graf Huyn | CSU | 65.8 |
  | 1987 | Wolfgang Zeitlmann | CSU | 61.4 |
  | 1990 | Wolfgang Zeitlmann | CSU | 56.4 |
  | 1994 | Wolfgang Zeitlmann | CSU | 60.6 |
  | 1998 | Wolfgang Zeitlmann | CSU | 55.2 |
  | 2002 | Wolfgang Zeitlmann | CSU | 63.1 |
  | 2005 | Daniela Ludwig | CSU | 60.3 |
  | 2009 | Daniela Ludwig | CSU | 51.5 |
  | 2013 | Daniela Ludwig | CSU | 58.1 |
  | 2017 | Daniela Ludwig | CSU | 45.9 |
  | 2021 | Daniela Ludwig | CSU | 36.1 |
  
  ## Election results
  
  ### 2021 election
  
  Federal election (2021): Rosenheim :
  
  | Notes: | Notes: | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% |
  | | CSU | Y Daniela Ludwig | Y Daniela Ludwig | 68,670 | 36.1 | 9.8 | 59,126 | 31.0 | 9.5 |
  | | Greens | Victoria Broßart | Victoria Broßart | 26,183 | 13.8 | 4.4 | 25,962 | 13.6 | 3.6 |
  | | SPD | Pankraz Schaberl | Pankraz Schaberl | 22,869 | 12.0 | 0.2 | 27,406 | 14.4 | 3.1 |
  | | FDP | Michael Linnerer | Michael Linnerer | 17,682 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 23,049 | 12.1 | 1.1 |
  | | FW | Gerhard Schloots | Gerhard Schloots | 16,869 | 8.9 | 5.5 | 18,261 | 9.6 | 7.2 |
  | | AfD | Andreas Kohlberger | Andreas Kohlberger | 15,764 | 8.3 | 4.7 | 16,570 | 8.7 | 5.2 |
  | | dieBasis | Nino Kornhaß | Nino Kornhaß | 9,069 | 4.8 | | 6,075 | 3.2 | |
  | | Left | Ates Gürpinar | Ates Gürpinar | 4,091 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 4,607 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
  | | Tierschutzpartei | | | | | | 1,882 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
  | | ÖDP | Ludwig Maier | Ludwig Maier | 3,698 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 1,633 | 0.9 | 0.3 |
  | | BP | Stephan Fröhlich | Stephan Fröhlich | 2,584 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1,737 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
  | | PARTEI | Nikolaus Starkmeth | Nikolaus Starkmeth | 2,466 | 1.3 | | 1,385 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
  | | Pirates | | | | | | 566 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
  | | Team Todenhöfer | | | | | | 488 | 0.3 | |
  | | Volt | | | | | | 486 | 0.3 | |
  | | Unabhängige | | | | | | 287 | 0.1 | |
  | | V-Partei3 | | | | | | 213 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | Gesundheitsforschung | | | | | | 198 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
  | | Humanists | | | | | | 162 | 0.1 | |
  | | Bündnis C | | | | | | 129 | 0.1 | |
  | | BüSo | Gerald Strickner | Gerald Strickner | 119 | 0.1 | 0.0 | | | |
  | | NPD | | | | | | 95 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | du. | | | | | | 94 | 0.1 | |
  | | The III. Path | | | | | | 77 | 0.0 | |
  | | DKP | | | | | | 29 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | | LKR | | | | | | 27 | 0.0 | |
  | | MLPD | | | | | | 17 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,346 | | | 849 | | |
  | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | 190,064 | | | 190,561 | | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 191,410 | 80.6 | 1.3 | | | |
  | | CSU hold | CSU hold | Majority | 42,487 | 22.3 | 10.6 | | | |
  
  ### 2017 election
  
  Federal election (2017): Rosenheim :
  
  | Notes: | Notes: | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% |
  | | CSU | Y Daniela Ludwig | Y Daniela Ludwig | 84,981 | 45.9 | 12.2 | 75,178 | 40.5 | 13.6 |
  | | AfD | Andreas Winhart | Andreas Winhart | 23,988 | 13.0 | 8.9 | 25,697 | 13.9 | 9.0 |
  | | SPD | Abuzar Erdogan | Abuzar Erdogan | 21,890 | 11.8 | 0.7 | 20,967 | 11.3 | 3.5 |
  | | Greens | Korbinian Gall | Korbinian Gall | 17,307 | 9.4 | 0.0 | 18,571 | 10.0 | 1.6 |
  | | FDP | Michael Linnerer | Michael Linnerer | 13,750 | 7.4 | 4.8 | 20,311 | 11.0 | 6.0 |
  | | Left | Sebastian Misselhorn | Sebastian Misselhorn | 7,036 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 9,449 | 5.1 | 2.2 |
  | | FW | Maria Fischer | Maria Fischer | 6,177 | 3.3 | 0.6 | 4,426 | 2.4 | 0.1 |
  | | BP | Bernhard Neumann | Bernhard Neumann | 4,495 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 3,425 | 1.8 | 0.1 |
  | | ÖDP | Ludwig Maier | Ludwig Maier | 4,053 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 2,157 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
  | | Tierschutzpartei | | | | | | 1,643 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
  | | PARTEI | | | | | | 1,041 | 0.6 | |
  | | Pirates | Olaf Krueger | Olaf Krueger | 1,073 | 0.6 | 1.7 | 602 | 0.3 | 1.4 |
  | | DM | | | | | | 379 | 0.2 | |
  | | V-Partei³ | | | | | | 327 | 0.2 | |
  | | DiB | | | | | | 322 | 0.2 | |
  | | NPD | | | | | | 285 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
  | | BGE | | | | | | 277 | 0.1 | |
  | | Gesundheitsforschung | | | | | | 227 | 0.1 | |
  | | BüSo | Gerald Strickner | Gerald Strickner | 198 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 87 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | | DKP | | | | | | 50 | 0.0 | |
  | | MLPD | | | | | | 36 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,544 | | | 1,035 | | |
  | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | 184,948 | | | 185,457 | | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 186,492 | 79.3 | 8.8 | | | |
  | | CSU hold | CSU hold | Majority | 60,993 | 32.9 | 12.7 | | | |
  
  ### 2013 election
  
  Federal election (2013): Rosenheim :
  
  | Notes: | Notes: | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% |
  | | CSU | Y Daniela Ludwig | Y Daniela Ludwig | 93,964 | 58.1 | 6.6 | 87,569 | 54.1 | 7.4 |
  | | SPD | Abuzar Erdogan | Abuzar Erdogan | 20,229 | 12.5 | 1.9 | 23,966 | 14.8 | 2.1 |
  | | Greens | Ursula Zeitlmann | Ursula Zeitlmann | 15,125 | 9.4 | 2.8 | 13,631 | 8.4 | 3.0 |
  | | AfD | Jürgen Gladigau | Jürgen Gladigau | 6,571 | 4.1 | | 7,792 | 4.8 | |
  | | FW | Robert Multrus | Robert Multrus | 4,484 | 2.8 | | 3,653 | 2.3 | |
  | | FDP | Thomas Rauscher | Thomas Rauscher | 4,272 | 2.6 | 6.6 | 8,040 | 5.0 | 9.5 |
  | | Left | Walter Mini | Walter Mini | 3,932 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 4,688 | 2.9 | 1.5 |
  | | BP | Bernhard Neumann | Bernhard Neumann | 3,674 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 3,088 | 1.9 | 0.3 |
  | | Pirates | Hartmut Ernst | Hartmut Ernst | 3,651 | 2.3 | | 2,788 | 1.7 | 0.2 |
  | | ÖDP | Ludwig Maier | Ludwig Maier | 3,290 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 2,419 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
  | | REP | Peter Staudenhöchtl | Peter Staudenhöchtl | 2,015 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1,368 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
  | | Tierschutzpartei | | | | | | 1,111 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
  | | NPD | | | | | | 772 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
  | | DIE FRAUEN | | | | | | 269 | 0.2 | |
  | | DIE VIOLETTEN | | | | | | 241 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | Independent | Bauer | Bauer | 226 | 0.1 | | | | |
  | | Party of Reason | | | | | | 167 | 0.1 | |
  | | BüSo | Gerald Strickner | Gerald Strickner | 189 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 96 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | PRO | | | | | | 93 | 0.1 | |
  | | RRP | | | | | | 36 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
  | | MLPD | | | | | | 24 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,336 | | | 1,147 | | |
  | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | 161,622 | | | 161,811 | | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 162,958 | 70.5 | 1.0 | | | |
  | | CSU hold | CSU hold | Majority | 73,735 | 45.6 | 8.5 | | | |
  
  ### 2009 election
  
  Federal election (2009): Rosenheim :
  
  | Notes: | Notes: | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. | Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively. |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Party votes | % | ±% |
  | | CSU | Y Daniela Ludwig | Y Daniela Ludwig | 82,305 | 51.5 | 8.8 | 74,860 | 46.7 | 8.1 |
  | | SPD | Angelika Graf | Angelika Graf | 23,041 | 14.4 | 7.5 | 20,380 | 12.7 | 8.0 |
  | | Greens | Anna Rutz | Anna Rutz | 19,499 | 12.2 | 5.1 | 18,258 | 11.4 | 3.5 |
  | | FDP | Maximilian Leucht | Maximilian Leucht | 14,745 | 9.2 | 5.1 | 23,226 | 14.5 | 5.1 |
  | | Left | Walter Mini | Walter Mini | 5,967 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 7,074 | 4.4 | 1.9 |
  | | ÖDP | Josef Fortner | Josef Fortner | 3,905 | 2.4 | | 2,669 | 1.7 | |
  | | BP | Florian Weber | Florian Weber | 3,612 | 2.3 | | 2,659 | 1.7 | 1.0 |
  | | REP | Gottfried Schubert | Gottfried Schubert | 3,455 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 2,960 | 1.8 | 0.0 |
  | | Pirates | | | | | | 2,503 | 1.6 | |
  | | RRP | Siegfried Pielsticker | Siegfried Pielsticker | 1,749 | 1.1 | | 1,602 | 1.0 | |
  | | NPD | Elisabeth Götz | Elisabeth Götz | 1,172 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 1,186 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
  | | Tierschutzpartei | | | | | | 966 | 0.6 | |
  | | FAMILIE | | | | | | 926 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
  | | DIE VIOLETTEN | | | | | | 455 | 0.3 | |
  | | CM | | | | | | 195 | 0.1 | |
  | | BüSo | Gerald Strickner | Gerald Strickner | 375 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 193 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | PBC | | | | | | 149 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
  | | DVU | | | | | | 73 | 0.0 | |
  | | MLPD | | | | | | 34 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
  | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 2,087 | | | 1,544 | | |
  | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | Total Valid votes | 159,825 | | | 160,368 | | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 161,912 | 71.5 | 6.5 | | | |
  | | CSU hold | CSU hold | Majority | 59,264 | 37.1 | 1.3 | | | |
  