title: 1882 in organized crime
text: # 1882 in organized crime
  
  ## Events
  
  * Although various Triad-based groups had been in existence following the California Gold Rush, the first modern day Chinese-American Tongs are formed by Chinese immigrants for mutual protection in response to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
  * Tony Matranga takes control of the New Orleans Black Hand after former leader Giuseppi Esposito is deported in 1881.
  
  ## Births
  
  * Arnold Rothstein, "The Brain" New York Crime Syndicate leader
  * Max Zwerbach "Kid Twist", Eastman Gang leader and New York gangster
  * February – Johnny Torrio, Chicago Mafia Don and Chicago syndicate leader
  