title: 1941 Hampstead by-election
text: # 1941 Hampstead by-election
  
  The 1941 Hampstead by-election was a by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Hampstead in London on 27 November 1941.
  
  The seat had become vacant on the death of the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), George Balfour.
  
  ## Candidates
  
  In accordance with the war-time electoral pact, neither the Labour nor the Liberal parties fielded a candidate. The Conservative candidate was Charles Challen. Challen was opposed by three independents who were not affected by the pact.
  
  Noel Pemberton Billing had been MP for Hertford from 1916 to 1921. He stood as a National Independent, although he was not supported by the Government.
  
  Billing had won a by-election during the First World War as a right-wing independent and was seeking to replicate his success. He stood on a policy of aerial reprisals against Nazi Germany.
  
  William Reginald Hipwell, editor of Reveille, a " barrack room newspaper for the fighting forces", stood as an Independent Progressive. This was a label which had been common in by-elections in 1938, as part of Popular Front agreements opposed to the Munich Agreement and the leadership of Neville Chamberlain.
  
  A.L. Dolland stood as an independent, and advocated all-out aid to the Soviet Union.
  
  ## Election results
  
  Hampstead by-election, 1941 :
  
  | Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | | Conservative | Charles Challen | 7,630 | 67.4 | -5.8 |
  | | National | Noel Pemberton Billing | 2,734 | 24.1 | New |
  | | Independent Progressive | William Reginald Hipwell | 636 | 5.6 | New |
  | | Independent | A. L. Dolland | 326 | 2.9 | New |
  | Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,896 | 43.3 | |
  | Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 65,511 | 17.3 | -41.7 |
  | | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |
  