title: Cystiscidae
text: # Cystiscidae
  
  Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.
  
  ## Description
  
  The shell is minute to large, either white, uniformly colored, or patterned; the surface is smooth, sculptured, or axially costate; the spire is flat to immersed, or low to tall; the protoconch is paucispiral; the lip is thickened, smooth or denticulate; an external varix is present or absent; a siphonal notch is present or absent; a posterior notch is present or absent; the columella is multiplicate, internal whorls cystiscid or modified cystiscid type. Mantle cavity with monopectinate ctenidium and bipectinate osphradium. Proboscis pleurembolic; jaws absent; typical radular sac present.
  
  ## Taxonomy
  
  The family was erected by William Stimpson for a single included species based on unusual features of the head and radula. Subsequent authors included this group in the family Marginellidae.
  
  Coan (1965) recognized this group as a subfamily, but he did not include such genera as Gibberula, Persicula, and Canalispira. Rule of priority of the ICZN require that the name Cystiscidae must be used, but this is unfortunate because the type specimen of the type species is lost, and that species is poorly known.
  
  ### 2005 taxonomy
  
  The family Cystiscidae consists of subfamilies (according to the Working Classification of the Gastropoda by Bouchet et al., 2005):
  
  * Canalispirinae Fedosov, Caballer & Bouchet, 2019
  * Cystiscinae Stimpson, 1865
  * Granulininae G.A. & H.K. Coovert, 1995
  * Persiculinae G.A. & H.K. Coovert, 1995
  * Plesiocystiscinae G.A. & H.K. Coovert, 1995
  
  Reference for inclusion of Granulinae in Cystiscidae: Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Fryda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdes, A.; Waren, A. 2005. Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks.
  
  ## Genera
  
  Genera within the family Cystiscidae include:
  
  Canalispirinae
  
  * Canalispira Jousseaume, 1875:168,270
  * Osvaldoginella Espinosa & Ortea, 1997
  
  Cystiscinae
  
  * †Topaginella Laseron, 1957:288
  * Crithe Gould, 1860
  * Cystiscus Stimpson, 1865:55
  * Extra Jousseaume, 1894 - with the only species Extra extra Jousseaume, 1894
  * Gibberula Swainson, 1840
  * Inbiocystiscus Ortea and Espinosa, 2001
  * Intelcystiscus Ortea and Espinosa, 2001
  * †Marginocystiscus Landau, C. M. Silva & Heitz, 2016
  * Pachybathron Gaskoin, 1853
  * Persicula Schumacher, 1817
  * Ticocystiscus Espinosa and Ortea, 2002
  * Ticofurcilla Espinosa & Ortea, 2002
  
  ### Synonyms
  
  * Furcilla Espinosa & Ortea, 2000: synonym of Ticofurcilla Espinosa & Ortea, 2002 (Invalid: junior homonym of Furcilla Martin, 1975 [Diptera] and Furcilla Bakharev, 1988 [Ostracoda]; Ticofurcilla is a replacement name)
     * Furcilla tica Espinosa & Ortea, 2000: synonym of Ticofurcilla tica (Espinosa & Ortea, 2000)
  
  Plesiocystiscinae
  
  * Plesiocystiscus Coovert & Coovert, 1995
  
  Abbreviations:
  
  * (M) - original designation by monotype
  * OD - original designation
  * OD (M) - original designation as type species, but also monotypic
  * SD - subsequent designation as type
  * SD (M) - subsequent designation as type species, but also monotypic
  * T - original designation by tautonomy
  
  Comparisons of shells of the genera:
  
  * Plesiocystiscus
  * Cystiscus
  * Crithe
  * Extra extra
  * Persicula
  * Gibberula
  * Canalispira
  * Furcilla
  * Granulina
  * Pugnus
  