title: Acetonitrile (data page)
text: # Acetonitrile (data page)
  
  This page provides supplementary chemical data on acetonitrile.
  
  ## Material Safety Data Sheet
  
  The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.
  
  * SIRI
  * Fisher Scientific.
  
  ## Structure and properties
  
  Structure and properties :
  
  | Index of refraction, $n_D$ | 1.344 at 20.0 °C |
  | - | - |
  | Abbe number | ? |
  | Dielectric constant, $ε_r$ | 36.64 $ε_0$ at 20 °C |
  | Dipole Moment, | 3.84 D |
  | Bond strength | ? |
  | Bond length | ? |
  | Bond angle | ? |
  | Magnetic susceptibility | ? |
  | Viscosity | 0.441 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.343 mPa·s at 25 °C |
  | Surface tension | 29.29 dyn/cm |
  
  ## Thermodynamic properties
  
  Phase behavior :
  
  | Triple point | 229.32 K (−43.83 °C), 167 Pa |
  | - | - |
  | Critical point | 545 K (272 °C), 4.87 MPa |
  | Std enthalpy change of fusion, $Δ_{fus}H^o$ | 8.167 kJ/mol (crystal I → liq) |
  | Std entropy change of fusion, $Δ_{fus}S^o$ | 35.61 J/(mol·K) (crystal I → liq) |
  | Std enthalpy change of vaporization, $Δ_{vap}H^o$ | 33.225 kJ/mol at 25 °C 29.75 at 81.6 °C (BP) |
  | Std entropy change of vaporization, $Δ_{vap}S^o$ | 111.44 J/(mol·K) at 25 °C |
  | Solid properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{solid}$ | ? kJ/mol at 25 °C |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{solid}$ | ? J/(mol K) |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | 92.36 J/(mol K)at 298.15 K |
  | Std enthalpy change of state transition, $Δ_{trs}H^o$ | 0.8979 kJ/mol at −56.2 °C (crystal II → crystal I) |
  | Std entropy change of state transition, $Δ_{trs}S^o$ | 4.14 J/(mol·K) at −56.2 °C (crystal II → crystal I) |
  | Liquid properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{liquid}$ | −40.56 kJ/mol |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{liquid}$ | 149.62 J/(mol K) |
  | Enthalpy of combustion, $Δ_cH^o$ | −1256.33 kJ/mol |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | 91.7 J/(mol K) at 25 °C |
  | Gas properties ||
  | Std enthalpy change of formation, $Δ_fH^o_{gas}$ | −74.04 kJ/mol |
  | Standard molar entropy, $S^o_{gas}$ | ? J/(mol K) |
  | Heat capacity, $c_p$ | ? J/(mol K) |
  
  ## Vapor pressure of liquid
  
  | P in mm Hg | P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | T in °C | T in °C | $−47.0_{(s)}$ | −16.3 | 7.7 | 27.0 | 62.5 | 81.8 |
  
  Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. The "(s)" notation indicates temperature of solid/vapor equilibrium. Otherwise the data is temperature of liquid/vapor equilibrium.
  
  ## Distillation data
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Acetonitrile/Water P = 760 mmHg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole acetonitrile | % by mole acetonitrile |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 86.5 | 2.9 | 26.3 |
  | 81.1 | 9.3 | 50.5 |
  | 80.0 | 14.2 | 55.9 |
  | 78.6 | 25.4 | 61.7 |
  | 77.4 | 40.2 | 65.5 |
  | 76.7 | 50.7 | 66.4 |
  | 76.6 | 52.7 | 67.3 |
  | 76.0 | 71.8 | 72.8 |
  | 76.6 | 83.9 | 78.0 |
  | 76.8 | 85.6 | 76.1 |
  | 80.4 | 98.6 | 94.5 |
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Acetonitrile/Methanol P = 760 mmHg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole methanol | % by mole methanol |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 79.20 | 2.5 | 9.5 |
  | 77.95 | 4.0 | 13.5 |
  | 76.77 | 5.5 | 17.5 |
  | 75.12 | 9.7 | 26.5 |
  | 73.12 | 14.0 | 33.0 |
  | 72.07 | 17.0 | 37.5 |
  | 70.96 | 20.0 | 420 |
  | 68.85 | 24.7 | 45.5 |
  | 68.39 | 28.9 | 50.5 |
  | 66.00 | 41.5 | 59.5 |
  | 65.35 | 47.0 | 62.5 |
  | 64.75 | 54.5 | 65.5 |
  | 64.34 | 63.0 | 71.5 |
  | 64.03 | 69.0 | 74.5 |
  | 63.80 | 74.5 | 78.9 |
  | 63.77 | 82.5 | 82.5 |
  | 63.76 | 86.0 | 86.0 |
  | 63.87 | 90.0 | 88.0 |
  | 64.05 | 93.0 | 91.5 |
  | 64.18 | 95.0 | 93.0 |
  | 64.40 | 97.0 | 95.5 |
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Acetonitrile/Benzene P = 760 mmHg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole benzene | % by mole benzene |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 80.6 | 2.0 | 4.8 |
  | 80.4 | 2.7 | 6.2 |
  | 79.0 | 5.6 | 12.5 |
  | 78.5 | 6.5 | 14.7 |
  | 78.0 | 7.7 | 16.5 |
  | 76.0 | 17.6 | 29.3 |
  | 74.9 | 24.2 | 35.5 |
  | 74.4 | 29.9 | 39.3 |
  | 73.8 | 37.1 | 43.8 |
  | 73.7 | 38.0 | 44.9 |
  | 73.4 | 44.0 | 48.5 |
  | 73.2 | 51.3 | 51.9 |
  | 73.0 | 52.94 | 52.94 |
  | 73.2 | 58.1 | 54.5 |
  | 73.4 | 66.5 | 60.0 |
  | 73.8 | 71.3 | 62.6 |
  | 74.0 | 76.7 | 65.7 |
  | 74.4 | 79.0 | 68.0 |
  | 76.3 | 92.0 | 80.1 |
  
  Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Acetonitrile/Toluene P = 760 mmHg :
  
  | BP Temp. °C | % by mole toluene | % by mole toluene |
  | - | - | - |
  | BP Temp. °C | liquid | vapor |
  | 81.5 | 3.3 | 5.1 |
  | 81.4 | 6.9 | 8.1 |
  | 81.1 | 12.18 | 12.18 |
  | 81.3 | 18.2 | 15.4 |
  | 81.4 | 22.1 | 17.2 |
  | 81.8 | 28.4 | 19.5 |
  | 82.7 | 37.5 | 23.0 |
  | 84.4 | 53.3 | 28.4 |
  | 85.6 | 60.5 | 31.5 |
  | 91.1 | 78.5 | 41.7 |
  | 93.4 | 84.0 | 47.3 |
  | 95.6 | 87.6 | 52.6 |
  | 101.2 | 92.9 | 66.5 |
  | 103.6 | 95.6 | 73.8 |
  | 106.7 | 97.7 | 83.6 |
  | 107.5 | 98.2 | 85.4 |
  
  ## Spectral data
  
  UV-Vis :
  
  | $λ_{max}$ | ? nm |
  | - | - |
  | Extinction coefficient, ε | ? |
  | IR ||
  | Major absorption bands | (liquid film) Wave numbertransmittance 3675 $cm^{−1}79%$ 3544 $cm^{−1}81%$ 3202 $cm^{−1}77%$ 3164 $cm^{−1}60%$ 3003 $cm^{−1}52%$ 2944 $cm^{−1}52%$ 2629 $cm^{−1}81%$ 2410 $cm^{−1}81%$ 2293 $cm^{−1}44%$ 2254 $cm^{−1}4%$ 1445 $cm^{−1}30%$ 1378 $cm^{−1}25%$ 1181 $cm^{−1}84%$ 1040 $cm^{−1}43%$ 918 $cm^{−1}47%$ 750 $cm^{−1}70%$ |
  | NMR ||
  | Proton NMR | |
  | Carbon-13 NMR | |
  | Other NMR data | |
  | MS ||
  | Masses of main fragments | |
  