title: Oleksandr Kuzmuk
text: # Oleksandr Kuzmuk
  
  Oleksandr Ivanovych Kuzmuk (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Іва́нович Кузьму́к; born 17 April 1954) is a Ukrainian politician and military commander, who is member of the Party of Regions and was Minister of Defence of Ukraine on two occasions, from 1996 to 2001 and from 2004 to 2005. Kuzmuk formerly commanded the National Guard of Ukraine (1995–1996) and holds the highest rank in the Ukrainian military, General of the Army of Ukraine (1998).
  
  ## Early life and career
  
  Oleksandr Ivanovych Kuzmuk was born on 17 April 1954 into the family of military officer Ivan Fedorovych Kuzmuk (died 1973) and Rayisa Mykhailivna Kuzmuk, in the village of Diatylivka, in the Slavuta Raion of Khmelnytskyi Oblast. In 1975, he graduated the Kharkiv Higher Armor Command College.
  
  ## Soviet military career
  
  From 1975 to 1980, Kuzmuk served as platoon leader of armour forces, and became deputy chief of staff of his armour regiment. From 1980 to 1983, he was an audit student of the Malinovsky Military Armored Forces Academy, in Moscow. After that, until 1988 Kuzmuk was an instructor at the academy.
  
  From 1988 to 1993, he was in leading positions of mechanized rifle division. From 1975 to 1993, Kuzmuk served in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, and the Belorussian, Moscow, Leningrad, Carpathian, and Odessa Military Districts. From 1993 to 1995, he was commander of the 32nd Army Corps and senior military chief of Crimea.
  
  ## Career in independent Ukraine
  
  From 1995 to 1996, Kuzmuk was commander of the National Guard of Ukraine and was appointed Minister of Defence. In late 2001, he finished his military career and became a politician by participating in the 2002 Ukrainian parliamentary election on the party list of the For United Ukraine! alliance. Soon after winning multiple seats in the Verkhovna Rada, however, the alliance collapsed, and Kuzmuk stayed with the Labour Ukraine party, an off-shot of the Labour Party of Ukraine. During that time in 2004, he was again appointed the Minister of Defence, while keeping his parliamentary seat. After the Orange Revolution, Kuzmuk lost his ministerial seat, and was replaced by Anatoliy Hrytsenko.
  
  In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Kuzmuk was elected into the Verkhovna Rada as a member of Party of Regions.
  
  In the 2014 parliamentary election, Kuzmuk tried to win a seat through winning electoral district 38 situated in Novomoskovsk, but failed, finishing in third place with 12.78% of the vote. The announcement of the final result for electoral district 38 (won by Vadym Nesterenko) was delayed until mid-November because Kuzmuk challenged the results in court, claiming Nesterenko was guilty of fraud and bribery of voters.
  
  ## Awards and decorations
  
  Kuzmuk has been awarded the following awards and decorations:
  
  * Award of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine for "Valor and Honor"
  * Honorary pistol
  * Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 1st Class
  * Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 2nd Class
  * Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 3rd Class
  * Order of Danylo Halytsky
  * Order of Merit, 3rd Class
  